49
mpany Parr Instrument strument Com pany Parr any Parr Instrument strument Company Parr any Parr Instrument rr Instrument Company mpany Parr Instrument rument Company Parr  any Parr Instrument trument Company Parr any Parr Instrument r Instrument Company pany Parr Instrument trument Company Parr any Parr Instrument nstrnt Company Parr Bomb Calorimeters and Related Fuel Lab Instrumentation Bomb Calorimeters and Related Fuel Lab Instrumentation Enter Enter

Calorimètre

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

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mpany bull Parr Instrument

strument Companybull

Parrany bull Parr Instrumenttrument Company bull Parr

anybull

Parr Instrumentr Instrument Company bull

mpany bull Parr Instrumentument Company bull Parr

bull

ny bull Parr Instrumentument Company bull Parr

nybull

Parr InstrumentInstrument Company bull

pany bull Parr Instrumentument Company bull Parrny bull Parr Instrument

strnt Company bull Parr Bomb Calorimeterand Related Fuel Lab

InstrumentationBomb Calorimeterand Related Fuel Lab

Instrumentation

EnterEnter

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 249

Welcome

Founded more

than 100 years ago by

University of Illinois

Professor SW Parr

Parr Instrument

Company has

consistently strived

to provide for its

customers the very

best in product

service and support

Quality Bomb Calorimeters for a Century

Welcome to our Centennial catalog Parr Instrument Company was founded

a century ago to produce the calorimeters designed by Professor SW Parr

During the past one-hundred years many talented and dedicated men and

women have worked to apply the technologies and materials of their day to th

fundamental problem of the determination of the heat of combustion of organ

materials The present result of those efforts are the calorimeters and acces-

sories described in this catalog In recent years our objective has been

to offer the highest possible level of performance and technology to al

of our customers regardless of their budget or anticipated testing load

While we believe we have met that goal and are happy to celebrate a

century of progress we realize that we are just at the beginning of our

second century

There are a number of other things I would like to share with you

which do not lend themselves well to catalog descriptions We have

invested heavily in modern machine tools and superior production

management methods to ensure that quality products will be made onreliable schedules to assure prompt delivery of both new instruments and

service parts to our customers Our goal is to deliver any of the items in this

catalog within two weeks or less and to ship standard service parts within two

days of the receipt of an order

Finally we are investing in a process of continuous improvement for our

existing calorimeters and to bring significant breakthroughs to our customers

Parr Instrument Company

Mike Steffenson President

copy 1999 Parr Instrument Company All Rights Reserved

Catalog

Parr Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeters and

Accessories

Catalog Number

1200

Parr Instrument

Company

211 Fifty-Third Street

Moline Illinois 61265 USA

Phone 309-762-7716

800-872-7720

Fax 309-762-9453

E-mail parrparrinstcom

httpwwwparrinstcom macrTo The Catalog

Need Helpwith PFD

Next Page

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly toany section

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Adjust width of Table of Contentswindow by dragging this iconright or left

Click here to go to aspecific page number

Adjust view with presetselections

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

macrTo The Catalog

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Table of Contents

Quality Assurance 1

Bomb Calorimetry 4

Compliance 5

Fixed BombBucket Technology 6

Removable BombBucket Technology 7

Calorimeter Comparisons 9

Isoperibol Calorimetry 10

1281 Calorimeter 12-14

1271 Calorimeter 15-17

1266 Calorimeter 18-20

1356 Calorimeter 21-23

1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25

1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27

1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30

Water Handling Systems 31

Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33

1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36

Calorimeter Accessories 36-37

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38

1745 Computer Interface 39

1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39

Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40

Coal Lab Communications 42-44

Parr Smart Link 43

Coal Lab Software 44

Warranty Inside Back Cove

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

P

arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed

and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices

ISO 9001

CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos

overall QualityAssuranceSystem has

been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-

Quality Assurance

ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product

CSA Certification

Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured

and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards

Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit

CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr

Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives

893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety

We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters

The catalog itself is divided into four sections

Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features

Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products

Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories

fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts

Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility

Catalog Organization

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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

What we have not included in this catalog

is as important to you as what we have shown

We refer here to the long-established

practices and policies of Parr Instrument

Company that have helped to build our

reputation as a reliable supplier in our

specialized field such as

The Catalog

is Only the BeginningDelivery

Communication A commitment to listen

to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need

A commitment to prompt and

dependable delivery schedules

not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in

stock for same day shipment

Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal

Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy

Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol

Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb

1899 1911 1916 1933

100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation

macr

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

Support

Service

Investment

A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements

An investment in modern

machine tools and superior

production management

methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis

A commitment to maintain commonly used

replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment

Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position

Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter

Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test

Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests

Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers

Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities

Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter

1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999

macr

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 249

Welcome

Founded more

than 100 years ago by

University of Illinois

Professor SW Parr

Parr Instrument

Company has

consistently strived

to provide for its

customers the very

best in product

service and support

Quality Bomb Calorimeters for a Century

Welcome to our Centennial catalog Parr Instrument Company was founded

a century ago to produce the calorimeters designed by Professor SW Parr

During the past one-hundred years many talented and dedicated men and

women have worked to apply the technologies and materials of their day to th

fundamental problem of the determination of the heat of combustion of organ

materials The present result of those efforts are the calorimeters and acces-

sories described in this catalog In recent years our objective has been

to offer the highest possible level of performance and technology to al

of our customers regardless of their budget or anticipated testing load

While we believe we have met that goal and are happy to celebrate a

century of progress we realize that we are just at the beginning of our

second century

There are a number of other things I would like to share with you

which do not lend themselves well to catalog descriptions We have

invested heavily in modern machine tools and superior production

management methods to ensure that quality products will be made onreliable schedules to assure prompt delivery of both new instruments and

service parts to our customers Our goal is to deliver any of the items in this

catalog within two weeks or less and to ship standard service parts within two

days of the receipt of an order

Finally we are investing in a process of continuous improvement for our

existing calorimeters and to bring significant breakthroughs to our customers

Parr Instrument Company

Mike Steffenson President

copy 1999 Parr Instrument Company All Rights Reserved

Catalog

Parr Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeters and

Accessories

Catalog Number

1200

Parr Instrument

Company

211 Fifty-Third Street

Moline Illinois 61265 USA

Phone 309-762-7716

800-872-7720

Fax 309-762-9453

E-mail parrparrinstcom

httpwwwparrinstcom macrTo The Catalog

Need Helpwith PFD

Next Page

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly toany section

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Adjust width of Table of Contentswindow by dragging this iconright or left

Click here to go to aspecific page number

Adjust view with presetselections

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

macrTo The Catalog

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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Table of Contents

Quality Assurance 1

Bomb Calorimetry 4

Compliance 5

Fixed BombBucket Technology 6

Removable BombBucket Technology 7

Calorimeter Comparisons 9

Isoperibol Calorimetry 10

1281 Calorimeter 12-14

1271 Calorimeter 15-17

1266 Calorimeter 18-20

1356 Calorimeter 21-23

1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25

1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27

1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30

Water Handling Systems 31

Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33

1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36

Calorimeter Accessories 36-37

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38

1745 Computer Interface 39

1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39

Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40

Coal Lab Communications 42-44

Parr Smart Link 43

Coal Lab Software 44

Warranty Inside Back Cove

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

P

arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed

and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices

ISO 9001

CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos

overall QualityAssuranceSystem has

been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-

Quality Assurance

ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product

CSA Certification

Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured

and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards

Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit

CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr

Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives

893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety

We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters

The catalog itself is divided into four sections

Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features

Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products

Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories

fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts

Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility

Catalog Organization

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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

What we have not included in this catalog

is as important to you as what we have shown

We refer here to the long-established

practices and policies of Parr Instrument

Company that have helped to build our

reputation as a reliable supplier in our

specialized field such as

The Catalog

is Only the BeginningDelivery

Communication A commitment to listen

to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need

A commitment to prompt and

dependable delivery schedules

not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in

stock for same day shipment

Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal

Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy

Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol

Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb

1899 1911 1916 1933

100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation

macr

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

Support

Service

Investment

A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements

An investment in modern

machine tools and superior

production management

methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis

A commitment to maintain commonly used

replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment

Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position

Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter

Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test

Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests

Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers

Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities

Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter

1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999

macr

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly toany section

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Adjust width of Table of Contentswindow by dragging this iconright or left

Click here to go to aspecific page number

Adjust view with presetselections

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

macrTo The Catalog

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Table of Contents

Quality Assurance 1

Bomb Calorimetry 4

Compliance 5

Fixed BombBucket Technology 6

Removable BombBucket Technology 7

Calorimeter Comparisons 9

Isoperibol Calorimetry 10

1281 Calorimeter 12-14

1271 Calorimeter 15-17

1266 Calorimeter 18-20

1356 Calorimeter 21-23

1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25

1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27

1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30

Water Handling Systems 31

Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33

1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36

Calorimeter Accessories 36-37

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38

1745 Computer Interface 39

1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39

Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40

Coal Lab Communications 42-44

Parr Smart Link 43

Coal Lab Software 44

Warranty Inside Back Cove

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

P

arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed

and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices

ISO 9001

CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos

overall QualityAssuranceSystem has

been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-

Quality Assurance

ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product

CSA Certification

Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured

and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards

Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit

CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr

Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives

893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety

We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters

The catalog itself is divided into four sections

Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features

Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products

Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories

fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts

Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility

Catalog Organization

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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

What we have not included in this catalog

is as important to you as what we have shown

We refer here to the long-established

practices and policies of Parr Instrument

Company that have helped to build our

reputation as a reliable supplier in our

specialized field such as

The Catalog

is Only the BeginningDelivery

Communication A commitment to listen

to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need

A commitment to prompt and

dependable delivery schedules

not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in

stock for same day shipment

Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal

Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy

Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol

Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb

1899 1911 1916 1933

100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation

macr

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

Support

Service

Investment

A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements

An investment in modern

machine tools and superior

production management

methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis

A commitment to maintain commonly used

replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment

Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position

Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter

Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test

Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests

Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers

Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities

Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter

1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999

macr

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Table of Contents

Quality Assurance 1

Bomb Calorimetry 4

Compliance 5

Fixed BombBucket Technology 6

Removable BombBucket Technology 7

Calorimeter Comparisons 9

Isoperibol Calorimetry 10

1281 Calorimeter 12-14

1271 Calorimeter 15-17

1266 Calorimeter 18-20

1356 Calorimeter 21-23

1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25

1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27

1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30

Water Handling Systems 31

Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33

1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36

Calorimeter Accessories 36-37

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38

1745 Computer Interface 39

1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39

Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40

Coal Lab Communications 42-44

Parr Smart Link 43

Coal Lab Software 44

Warranty Inside Back Cove

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

P

arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed

and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices

ISO 9001

CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos

overall QualityAssuranceSystem has

been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-

Quality Assurance

ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product

CSA Certification

Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured

and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards

Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit

CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr

Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives

893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety

We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters

The catalog itself is divided into four sections

Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features

Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products

Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories

fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts

Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility

Catalog Organization

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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

What we have not included in this catalog

is as important to you as what we have shown

We refer here to the long-established

practices and policies of Parr Instrument

Company that have helped to build our

reputation as a reliable supplier in our

specialized field such as

The Catalog

is Only the BeginningDelivery

Communication A commitment to listen

to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need

A commitment to prompt and

dependable delivery schedules

not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in

stock for same day shipment

Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal

Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy

Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol

Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb

1899 1911 1916 1933

100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation

macr

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

Support

Service

Investment

A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements

An investment in modern

machine tools and superior

production management

methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis

A commitment to maintain commonly used

replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment

Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position

Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter

Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test

Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests

Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers

Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities

Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter

1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999

macr

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4049

macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

What we have not included in this catalog

is as important to you as what we have shown

We refer here to the long-established

practices and policies of Parr Instrument

Company that have helped to build our

reputation as a reliable supplier in our

specialized field such as

The Catalog

is Only the BeginningDelivery

Communication A commitment to listen

to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need

A commitment to prompt and

dependable delivery schedules

not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in

stock for same day shipment

Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal

Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy

Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol

Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb

1899 1911 1916 1933

100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation

macr

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

Support

Service

Investment

A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements

An investment in modern

machine tools and superior

production management

methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis

A commitment to maintain commonly used

replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment

Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position

Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter

Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test

Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests

Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers

Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities

Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter

1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999

macr

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction

Support

Service

Investment

A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements

An investment in modern

machine tools and superior

production management

methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis

A commitment to maintain commonly used

replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment

Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position

Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter

Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test

Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests

Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers

Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities

Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter

1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999

macr

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

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Back

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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team

4

Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of

combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor

utilization of solid and

liquid fuels

bull Disposal of combustible

wastesbull Study of foods and feeds

Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing

experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction

Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties

and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light

varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and

aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and

refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements

for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-

ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related

propellants

bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials

bull Energy balance studies inecology

In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-

ified in each method

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimetry

We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry

support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field

Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry

specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling

With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as

strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 1549macr12 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the

basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-

ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods

ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter

ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter

ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter

ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate

Precision Method)

ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials

ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke

ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value

BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Compliance

Compliance with StandardTest Methods

Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy

can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service

Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn

Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Fixed Bomb amp Bucket

Technology

Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb

and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination

Bomb Closure

Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is

performed manually

Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket

The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb

head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test

Oxygen Filling

The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period

Exhausting theBomb

At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-

matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature

Draining theBucket

The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back

down to the starting temper-ature for the next test

Washing theBomb

At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other

elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion

The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter

The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)

One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed

as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this

Longer Bomb Life

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Materials of Construction

1Calorimetric

Design

Removable Bomb amp

Bucket Technology

Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology

Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most

users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion

Full Process andData Automation

While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following

functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program

selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard

entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement

and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution

bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of

initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination

bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied

bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported

bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking

bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization

bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing

bull Full data communicationcapabilities

Recommended Applications

The removable bomb

calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing

loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems

bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1108 Bomb

In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of

sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical

to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer

in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion

the basic principalsof calorimetry

bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other

special purpose oxygenbombs

bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system

bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Sample weights can be

entered by

bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry

Corrections for fuse acid

sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections

orbull Omitted entirely

Spiking corrections can be

entered

bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials

Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single

master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are

equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software

The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can

bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster

isoperibol dynamicprocedure

bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances

8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb

calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol

Calorimeter and the Model 1356

Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters

include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating

system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control

system

1Calorimetric

Design

Bomb Calorimeters

Calorimeter Selection

Shared Master Program

In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters

which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-

opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment

The choice among these

calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences

The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT

New Models

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 1549macr12 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Calorimeter

Comparisons

Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter

Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped

Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes

Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02

Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated

Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket

Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap

Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable

Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic

Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual

Program Modifications On Screen Menu

Memory 500 Tests

Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link

Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C

Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv

1107 Micro 1107 Micro

1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion

1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined

Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station

Calorimeter Comparisons

Gross and net heats of

combustion are reported

bull With full corrections perASTM or

bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which

meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods

Standardization can involve

bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or

bull A value entered by manualoverride

bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information

retrieval

Operating features include

bull Password protection of operating configuration

bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory

bull Service interval monitoringand warning

bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design

1Calorimetric

Design

Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash

Methods and Modes

IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is

one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In

these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures

These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements

ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the

constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time

correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket

CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry

The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during

the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing

power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed

For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy

please turn to page 40

SampleFired

Controlled

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

Measured

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

Calculated

Jacket

Calorimeter

T e m p e r a t u r e

Time

SampleFired

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 1549macr12 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Bomb Calorimeters

1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol

1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash

Isoperibol

1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated

1266 amp 1356 Expanded

Configurations

1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Removable Bomb ndash Plain

Jacket

1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Semimicro

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set

1266 Calorimeter

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 1949

macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 1549macr12 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

281

ests Per Hour

8

Operator Time

Minute

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

ixed Cylinder Removable Head

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

emperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving

automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact

integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads

IntegratedDesign

In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling

system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer

As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder

must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure

The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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The CalorimeterController

An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and

operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display

The WaterHandling System

A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during

the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test

1136 Oxygen Bomb

Close-up of the twistlock closure

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis

Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

The OxygenBomb

The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281

Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing

Proximate Analysis

macr

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281EF 230V 5060Hz

1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details

Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details

By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing

before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum

through-put from the calorimeter

1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details

Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20

1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service

A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb

A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service

1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler

bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator

water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

bull Printer bull Spare parts kit

bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1281 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1552 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

macr

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two

unique capabilities

Fully AutomaticBomb Handling

The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the

sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample

Expandable To A Dual System

To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation

is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System

Modular Design

The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system

(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory

workload and space

The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism

The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting

The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller

Model Number

1271

Tests Hour

8

Operator Time

05 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

Isoperibol

Bomb Type

Fixed Head and Cylinder

Bucket Filling

Automatic

Oxygen Filling

Automatic

Bomb Washing

Automatic

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Halogen Service

Expandability

Yes ndash two stations

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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macr

macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

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Back

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macr

of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches

The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer

wide 21 inches deep and 27

inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs

The CalorimeterController

This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected

balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module

The WaterHandling System

This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket

from the effects of room

temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a

more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters

A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports

are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter

1131 Oxygen Bomb

Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate

analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Proximate Analysis

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

Model 1271

Ordering Guide

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271EF 230V 5060Hz

1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE

This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric

operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen

Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is

furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware

needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271

1272EF 230V 5060Hz

1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare

bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either

the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best

resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids

1279 Spare Parts Kit

Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase

additional kits for proper maintenance on the system

Model No Description

1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb

1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete

operating system

bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator

attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit

outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation

bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1271 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)

Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

1551 Water Cooler

1756 Printer

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models

All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled

water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater

bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into

the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic

system for charging thebomb with oxygen

bull A high precision electronicthermometer

bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control

bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and

operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23

PreciseElectronic

ThermometryTemperatures are measured

with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius

Effective ThermalJacketing

Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature

Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen

bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from

1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter

Model Number

1266

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6 min

Repeatability (RSD)

010

Calorimeter Type

soperibol

Bomb Type

Removable bomb and bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

Expandability

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

installed in the calorimeter

To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained

AutomaticStandardization

The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket

combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer

1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the

weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages

in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

is held constant for isoperibol

operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control

A ReliableOxygen Bomb

The Parr 1108 Oxygen

Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples

A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem

To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid

Proximate Analysis

Many User

OptionsAlthough specific procedures

are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can

be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements

bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected

by the userbull Calorific values can be

reported in any of severalmeasurement units

bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

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Back

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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to

provide a complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb

bull Oval Bucket

bull Printer

bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull Spare parts kit

bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL

1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra

A391DD Oval Bucket Extra

1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)

1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

bull Program controls can bepassword protected

bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter

Automatic DataTransfer

The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43

CompatibleModular Design

The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all

electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide Ordering Guide

1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

macr

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3549macr32 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

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Back

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2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Model Number

1356

Tests Hour

4-8 as equipped

Operator Time

6-7 min

Repeatability (RSD)

020

Calorimeter Type

Corrected

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bu

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Semi-Automatic

Bomb Washing

Manual

Memory

500 Tests

Balance Connection

Yes

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

The 1356 Calorimeter

A Moderately Priced

Micro-Processor Controlled

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter

Without Jacket Temperature

Control

Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266

Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display

panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry

The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose

precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a

static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set

up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use

GoodRepeatability

To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water

jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting

As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a

temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be

1356 Calorimeter

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macr

Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

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Ordering Guide

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1356 Calorimeter

Ordering Guide

22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate

Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details

Multiple LanguageOptions

Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error

messages in the following choice of languages

English French German Czech

more than adequate for most

waste screening and teachingapplications

A Self-ContainedOperating Unit

The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling

system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control

system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer

1356 CALORIMETER

A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a

complete operating system

bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator

bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit

bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

1356EF 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service

1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra

1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra

A391DD Oval Bucket extra

1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)

1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)

1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)

2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer

Printed Reports

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter

For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23

Proximate Analysis

A391DD Oval Bucket

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Expanded Configurations

The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of

affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the

basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change

ExpandableCalorimeterSystems

To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr

offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by

adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1266 amp 1356

Expanded Configurat

Shown is the 1266 Expanded System

EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and

a 1269 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1266EF System 230V 5060Hz

1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs

1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service

EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM

The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer

(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs

1356EF System 230V 5060Hz

1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for

1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service

system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266

Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4049

macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Model Number

1341

Tests Hour

2

Operator Time

25 min

Repeatability (RSD)

030

Calorimeter Type

Static

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and Bucket

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Temperature Resolution

0002˚ C

Special Bombs

Yes

2Bomb

Calorimeters

24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1341 Plain Calorimeter

A Reliable Oxygen Bomb

Calorimeter In A Plain

Insulated Jacket for

Occasional Calorific Tests

The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen

bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for

the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate

in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf

Many Applications

The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an

excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this

is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or

12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model

GoodRepeatability

Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak

corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03

QualityConstruction

There has been no

compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste

1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Ordering Guide

materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1341 Plain Calorimet

Ordering Guide

macr

1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER

The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and

calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter

and complete operating instructions

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen

1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb

1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen

1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service

ACCESSORIES

The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters

equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for

automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController

The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and

order it separately

1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER

The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this

catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the

1341 Calorimeter

SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit

2901EE 230V 5060Hz

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer

2902EE 230V 5060Hz

readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument

SuggestedOptional Accessories

1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)

1603 Calorimetric Thermometer

A391DD Oval Bucket

2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3549macr32 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3849

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Model Number

1425

Tests Hour

3

Operator Time

10 min

Repeatability (RSD)

038

Calorimeter Type

Compensated

Bomb Type

Removable Bomb and

Bucket (semi-micro)

Bucket Filling

Manual

Oxygen Filling

Manual

Bomb Washing

Manual

Balance Connection

No

Temperature Resolution

00001˚ C

Special Bombs

No

2Bomb

Calorimeters

26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter

1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit

The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static

jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of

test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures

A 22mL OxygenBomb

The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples

ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories

An EffectiveThermal Jacket

Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It

is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning

Automatic

CalculationsThe temperature

measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all

thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

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1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER

The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen

Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb

1425EF 230V 5060Hz

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

Model No Description

1107 Oxygen Bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES

Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card

45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card

3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram

208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule

1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter

are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of

Qty Model No Description

1 123C Dewar flask

1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley

1 A129C Push Rod

2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom

2 126C Cell bottom PTFE

1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle

Ordering Guide

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

1425 Semimicro

Ordering Guide

macr

Good Precision

The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than

Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for

measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400

100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value

Included Accessories

Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with

1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

2902 Ignition Unit

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3549macr32 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

7282019 Calorimegravetre

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters

2Bomb

Calorimeters

Semimicro

Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter

SemimicroConversion

Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means

for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited

Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro

operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation

can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures

The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The

calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and

through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system

GoodRepeatability

When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of

the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications

depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples

giving the best results

Accessories

The 1267 Semimicro

Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic

acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories

1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107

Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter

1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter

1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Calorimeter Accessories

Fixed and Removable Bomb

Accessories

17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket

1575 Bomb Wash Tank

15511552 Water Cooler

1563 Water Handling System

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

1104 High Strength Bomb

1105C Platinum Lined Bomb

1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb

1108CL Oxygen Bomb

for Chlorine Service

1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs

1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs

for Chlorine Service

1750 Proximate Analyzer

Balance Interface

Calorimeter Accessories

VM Crucibles

Pellet Press

Calorimetric Thermometers

Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel Capsules

Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire

Benzoic Acid

1672 Calorimetric Thermometer

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1745 Computer Interface

3Calorimeter

Accessories

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories

30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Fixed and Removable

Bomb Accessories

macr

The 1756 and1755 Printers

A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate

all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace

A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply

1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply

263C Printer Paper

264C Ribbon for Printer

A895DD Heads

Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance

Spare Parts

Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6

complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different

A391DDCalorimeterBucket

The A391DD Calorimetric

Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance

The 1575 BombWash Tank

Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not

from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the

tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by

poor quality water supplies

bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water

bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of

water for the bucket

1563 WaterHandling System

For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System

consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for

repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water

The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the

end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket

temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System

1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Water Handling

macr

Closed Loop WaterHandling System

1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers

Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished

with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter

The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who

plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3549macr32 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3849

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Oxygen Combustion Bombs

BombCombustion

Combustion with oxygen in a

sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to

soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis

The 1108 OxygenBomb

The 1108 Bomb is the standard

342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm

The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium

stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any

other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen

compounds

The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb

Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine

and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Oxygen Combustion

Bombs

macr

1107 Bomb1105 Bomb

1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs

Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters

The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are

urged to select the CL version

Special PurposeBombs

Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other

applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb

This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with

samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are

unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined

Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other

ORDERING GUIDE

1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with

Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package

1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb

with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage

No Capsule

1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum

Lined

1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve

1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for

Chlorine Service

1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL

for Chlorine Service

metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse

wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

The 1750 Proximate Analyzer

A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and

reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories

The proximate analysis of a

coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash

There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and

heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer

A Fully IntegratedData Processing

SystemOperating in conjunction with

a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-

vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry

moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash

bull Organize and store all test

data for up to 100 samples

accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers

bull Collect and store sulfur

values from a 1760 Sulfur

Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report

bull Collect and store sample

weights for calorimetric

determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance

Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to

identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter

bull Calculate proximate

analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon

and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases

bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)

bull Convert calorific and

sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

macr

bull Produce a consolidated

proximate analysis report

for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following

bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer

bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer

bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link

bull Produce full or partial

reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values

Use With

Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not

require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to

communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the

automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top

loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface

ConvenientKeyboardOperation

With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be

shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data

with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered

SelectableReports

The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be

Air-Dry LossInterface

Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss

Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through

the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and

works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished

macr

bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer

requires A597E Smart Link Cable

bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss

interface requires A597E2 Smart

Link Cable

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Proximate Analyzer

Continued

The Balance Interface

When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351

Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network

Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis

Data Storage

After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The

interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted

obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values

Installation Assistance

Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System

VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL

nickel-chromium alloy

crucible with an insert cover

for determining volatile

matter in coal and coke Will

withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable

change in tare weight but not recommended for

procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance

Part No Description

3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover

3102 VM Crucible without Cover

3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible

Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet

Press provides a

convenient and

inexpensive means

for compressing

powdered samples

into pellet or tablet

form for oxygen

bomb calorimetry

Although many

materials burn well as a loose powder others

such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe

and complete combustion

Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in

shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-

changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is

most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811

provides additional details and listings for the complete

press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes

Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die

2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die

2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die

2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die

2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die

2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die

Calorimeter Accessories

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4049

macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

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Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

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4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

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macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

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macr

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Calorimeter

Accessories

CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass

thermometers approx 600mm long

made and tested in accordance

with ASTM E1 furnished with test

certificate and correction chart

Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div

1603 56C 19-35C 002˚

1621 116C 19-25C 001˚

1622 117C 24-30C 001˚

ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm

diameter stem making it possible to

estimate readings to one-tenth of the

smallest scale division when used on a

Parr Calorimetric Thermometer

Part No Description

3003 Thermometer Reading Lens

Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm

dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all

1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp

1136 Oxygen Bombs

Part No Description

43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel

43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica

43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium

43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20

Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description

517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package

Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an

oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled

conveniently in these two piece capsules

Size 00 capsules hold 09mL

Part No Description

3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100

Fuse Wire

Part No Description

45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage

45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot

45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm

45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces

840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs

Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths

845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse

in Oxygen Bombs

Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or

pellet form for standardizing all

oxygen bomb calorimeters

Part No Description

3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle

3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15

3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30

3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100

3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500

3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000

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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4249

The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349

40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449

Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549

42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

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The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4149

The1672Calorimetric Thermometer

The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature

measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and

gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with

the additional featuresdescribed below

A UniqueElectronic Design

The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide

excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design

CalorimeterFunctions

In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report

the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard

Data Logging andDisplay

Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified

by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block

Analog Output

The thermometer has a 0-10

volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation

Specifications

Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy

without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C

Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C

Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points

ORDERING GUIDE

The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit

Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)

1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor

1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe

1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)

0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length

2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672

2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer

1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe

38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

1672 Calorimetric

Thermometer

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4249

The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349

40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449

Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549

42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4249

The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable

system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-

mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required

The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values

ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer

Long RecognizedProcedure

ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories

3Calorimeter

Accessories

Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer

The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Voltage Description

1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with

5060Hz accessories

1722 Smart Link Board

1723 RS232C Printer Output Board

A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet

A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755

analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode

Comparison Tests

Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that

allowed by current ASTMISO methods

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 Computer Interface

The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to

connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications

protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see

page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface

The 1747ComputerInterface

The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface

1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746

Coal Lab Software Program

A597E Cable (Required)

compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and

performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349

40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449

Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549

42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349

40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision

Precision and Accuracy

Precision

Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results

The deviation from the meanis a common method for

describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages

Accuracy

The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other

measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes

difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements

RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias

ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method

RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as

the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision

Bias

Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy

Reproducibility

The largest variation intest results or measurements

occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is

referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material

ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-

bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term

In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and

expressed as a standarddeviation as follows

Reproducibility = square root

([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )

This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449

Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549

42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449

Communications

Direct Link Connections

Smart Link Network

Smart Link Devices

Coal Lab Software

4Communic-

ations

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549

42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549

42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

4Communi-

cations

Automated

Data Handling

macr

Automated Data Handling

There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to

permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these

configurations

DirectConnection

The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections

one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of

the calorimeter

Smart Link Network

A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

Analytical Balance

Printer

Any RS232C Computer

Direct Connection

over the simpler directconnection method

bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected

bull A broader range of data canbe shared

bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected

bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other

Parr developed and

equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics

bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory

bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter

bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis

bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance

bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments

bull The need to report to morethan one computer

ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters

R S 2 3 2 C

R S 2 3 2 C

R S

2 3 2 C

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649

4Communi-

cations

Smart Link Devices

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Parr Smart Link Devices

Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks

bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data

bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect

sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples

bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report

bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or

controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter

bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter

bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port

bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the

1745 Computer Interface

1750A ADL Interface

Air Dry Balance

1760 Sulfur Analyzer

1742 Sulfur Interface

Leco Sulfur

1745 ComputerInterface

1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter

1755 Printer

1750 ProximateAnalyzer

Analytical Balance

1747 PC Board

PC

Any RS232CComputer

Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab

macr

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749

macr4

Communi-

cations

Coal Lab Software

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications

Coal Lab Software

Three HardwareSoftware Options

Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port

on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection

port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware

Direct ConnectionSoftware

The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped

with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database

Smart Link BasedSoftware

The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network

and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer

a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater

portion of the dayIn the second or reporting

phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to

include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers

The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator

function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed

ORDERING GUIDE

Model No Description

1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab

computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol

1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program

1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer

(includes 1746 Software Program)

1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281

and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos

44

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849

The PARR Warranty

Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with

specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not

intended for general commercial use

Exclusive Warranty

To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein

are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose

Express Warranties

Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in

Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for

specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement

Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery

Limitations On The Parr Warranty

As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows

Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein

Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable

for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts

Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

macr

Back

7282019 Calorimegravetre

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949

There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM

bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular

section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first

few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window

during zoomed in views

bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-

ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar

bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol

Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view

How to Navigate through

this PDF Document

Table of ContentsClick to go directly to

View Menu

Zoom Tool

Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page

to see more

while zoomed in

To Page 1

Backward1 Page

Cli k hAdjust view with preset

Thumb

Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll

through each pagewhen zoomed in

Forward1 Page

To Last Page

Actual Size

Fit in Window

Fit Width

macr

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