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mpany bull Parr Instrument
strument Companybull
Parrany bull Parr Instrumenttrument Company bull Parr
anybull
Parr Instrumentr Instrument Company bull
mpany bull Parr Instrumentument Company bull Parr
bull
ny bull Parr Instrumentument Company bull Parr
nybull
Parr InstrumentInstrument Company bull
pany bull Parr Instrumentument Company bull Parrny bull Parr Instrument
strnt Company bull Parr Bomb Calorimeterand Related Fuel Lab
InstrumentationBomb Calorimeterand Related Fuel Lab
Instrumentation
EnterEnter
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Welcome
Founded more
than 100 years ago by
University of Illinois
Professor SW Parr
Parr Instrument
Company has
consistently strived
to provide for its
customers the very
best in product
service and support
Quality Bomb Calorimeters for a Century
Welcome to our Centennial catalog Parr Instrument Company was founded
a century ago to produce the calorimeters designed by Professor SW Parr
During the past one-hundred years many talented and dedicated men and
women have worked to apply the technologies and materials of their day to th
fundamental problem of the determination of the heat of combustion of organ
materials The present result of those efforts are the calorimeters and acces-
sories described in this catalog In recent years our objective has been
to offer the highest possible level of performance and technology to al
of our customers regardless of their budget or anticipated testing load
While we believe we have met that goal and are happy to celebrate a
century of progress we realize that we are just at the beginning of our
second century
There are a number of other things I would like to share with you
which do not lend themselves well to catalog descriptions We have
invested heavily in modern machine tools and superior production
management methods to ensure that quality products will be made onreliable schedules to assure prompt delivery of both new instruments and
service parts to our customers Our goal is to deliver any of the items in this
catalog within two weeks or less and to ship standard service parts within two
days of the receipt of an order
Finally we are investing in a process of continuous improvement for our
existing calorimeters and to bring significant breakthroughs to our customers
Parr Instrument Company
Mike Steffenson President
copy 1999 Parr Instrument Company All Rights Reserved
Catalog
Parr Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeters and
Accessories
Catalog Number
1200
Parr Instrument
Company
211 Fifty-Third Street
Moline Illinois 61265 USA
Phone 309-762-7716
800-872-7720
Fax 309-762-9453
E-mail parrparrinstcom
httpwwwparrinstcom macrTo The Catalog
Need Helpwith PFD
Next Page
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly toany section
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Adjust width of Table of Contentswindow by dragging this iconright or left
Click here to go to aspecific page number
Adjust view with presetselections
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
macrTo The Catalog
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Table of Contents
Quality Assurance 1
Bomb Calorimetry 4
Compliance 5
Fixed BombBucket Technology 6
Removable BombBucket Technology 7
Calorimeter Comparisons 9
Isoperibol Calorimetry 10
1281 Calorimeter 12-14
1271 Calorimeter 15-17
1266 Calorimeter 18-20
1356 Calorimeter 21-23
1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25
1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27
1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30
Water Handling Systems 31
Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33
1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36
Calorimeter Accessories 36-37
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38
1745 Computer Interface 39
1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39
Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40
Coal Lab Communications 42-44
Parr Smart Link 43
Coal Lab Software 44
Warranty Inside Back Cove
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
P
arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed
and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices
ISO 9001
CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos
overall QualityAssuranceSystem has
been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-
Quality Assurance
ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product
CSA Certification
Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured
and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards
Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit
CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr
Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives
893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety
We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters
The catalog itself is divided into four sections
Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features
Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products
Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories
fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts
Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility
Catalog Organization
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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
What we have not included in this catalog
is as important to you as what we have shown
We refer here to the long-established
practices and policies of Parr Instrument
Company that have helped to build our
reputation as a reliable supplier in our
specialized field such as
The Catalog
is Only the BeginningDelivery
Communication A commitment to listen
to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need
A commitment to prompt and
dependable delivery schedules
not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in
stock for same day shipment
Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal
Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy
Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol
Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb
1899 1911 1916 1933
100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation
macr
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
Support
Service
Investment
A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements
An investment in modern
machine tools and superior
production management
methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis
A commitment to maintain commonly used
replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment
Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position
Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter
Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test
Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests
Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers
Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities
Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter
1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999
macr
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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macr
The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Welcome
Founded more
than 100 years ago by
University of Illinois
Professor SW Parr
Parr Instrument
Company has
consistently strived
to provide for its
customers the very
best in product
service and support
Quality Bomb Calorimeters for a Century
Welcome to our Centennial catalog Parr Instrument Company was founded
a century ago to produce the calorimeters designed by Professor SW Parr
During the past one-hundred years many talented and dedicated men and
women have worked to apply the technologies and materials of their day to th
fundamental problem of the determination of the heat of combustion of organ
materials The present result of those efforts are the calorimeters and acces-
sories described in this catalog In recent years our objective has been
to offer the highest possible level of performance and technology to al
of our customers regardless of their budget or anticipated testing load
While we believe we have met that goal and are happy to celebrate a
century of progress we realize that we are just at the beginning of our
second century
There are a number of other things I would like to share with you
which do not lend themselves well to catalog descriptions We have
invested heavily in modern machine tools and superior production
management methods to ensure that quality products will be made onreliable schedules to assure prompt delivery of both new instruments and
service parts to our customers Our goal is to deliver any of the items in this
catalog within two weeks or less and to ship standard service parts within two
days of the receipt of an order
Finally we are investing in a process of continuous improvement for our
existing calorimeters and to bring significant breakthroughs to our customers
Parr Instrument Company
Mike Steffenson President
copy 1999 Parr Instrument Company All Rights Reserved
Catalog
Parr Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeters and
Accessories
Catalog Number
1200
Parr Instrument
Company
211 Fifty-Third Street
Moline Illinois 61265 USA
Phone 309-762-7716
800-872-7720
Fax 309-762-9453
E-mail parrparrinstcom
httpwwwparrinstcom macrTo The Catalog
Need Helpwith PFD
Next Page
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly toany section
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Adjust width of Table of Contentswindow by dragging this iconright or left
Click here to go to aspecific page number
Adjust view with presetselections
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
macrTo The Catalog
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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Table of Contents
Quality Assurance 1
Bomb Calorimetry 4
Compliance 5
Fixed BombBucket Technology 6
Removable BombBucket Technology 7
Calorimeter Comparisons 9
Isoperibol Calorimetry 10
1281 Calorimeter 12-14
1271 Calorimeter 15-17
1266 Calorimeter 18-20
1356 Calorimeter 21-23
1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25
1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27
1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30
Water Handling Systems 31
Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33
1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36
Calorimeter Accessories 36-37
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38
1745 Computer Interface 39
1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39
Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40
Coal Lab Communications 42-44
Parr Smart Link 43
Coal Lab Software 44
Warranty Inside Back Cove
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
P
arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed
and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices
ISO 9001
CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos
overall QualityAssuranceSystem has
been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-
Quality Assurance
ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product
CSA Certification
Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured
and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards
Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit
CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr
Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives
893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety
We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters
The catalog itself is divided into four sections
Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features
Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products
Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories
fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts
Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility
Catalog Organization
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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
What we have not included in this catalog
is as important to you as what we have shown
We refer here to the long-established
practices and policies of Parr Instrument
Company that have helped to build our
reputation as a reliable supplier in our
specialized field such as
The Catalog
is Only the BeginningDelivery
Communication A commitment to listen
to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need
A commitment to prompt and
dependable delivery schedules
not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in
stock for same day shipment
Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal
Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy
Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol
Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb
1899 1911 1916 1933
100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation
macr
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
Support
Service
Investment
A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements
An investment in modern
machine tools and superior
production management
methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis
A commitment to maintain commonly used
replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment
Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position
Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter
Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test
Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests
Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers
Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities
Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter
1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999
macr
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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macr
The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly toany section
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Adjust width of Table of Contentswindow by dragging this iconright or left
Click here to go to aspecific page number
Adjust view with presetselections
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
macrTo The Catalog
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Table of Contents
Quality Assurance 1
Bomb Calorimetry 4
Compliance 5
Fixed BombBucket Technology 6
Removable BombBucket Technology 7
Calorimeter Comparisons 9
Isoperibol Calorimetry 10
1281 Calorimeter 12-14
1271 Calorimeter 15-17
1266 Calorimeter 18-20
1356 Calorimeter 21-23
1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25
1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27
1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30
Water Handling Systems 31
Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33
1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36
Calorimeter Accessories 36-37
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38
1745 Computer Interface 39
1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39
Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40
Coal Lab Communications 42-44
Parr Smart Link 43
Coal Lab Software 44
Warranty Inside Back Cove
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
P
arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed
and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices
ISO 9001
CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos
overall QualityAssuranceSystem has
been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-
Quality Assurance
ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product
CSA Certification
Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured
and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards
Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit
CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr
Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives
893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety
We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters
The catalog itself is divided into four sections
Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features
Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products
Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories
fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts
Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility
Catalog Organization
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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
What we have not included in this catalog
is as important to you as what we have shown
We refer here to the long-established
practices and policies of Parr Instrument
Company that have helped to build our
reputation as a reliable supplier in our
specialized field such as
The Catalog
is Only the BeginningDelivery
Communication A commitment to listen
to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need
A commitment to prompt and
dependable delivery schedules
not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in
stock for same day shipment
Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal
Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy
Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol
Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb
1899 1911 1916 1933
100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation
macr
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
Support
Service
Investment
A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements
An investment in modern
machine tools and superior
production management
methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis
A commitment to maintain commonly used
replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment
Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position
Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter
Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test
Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests
Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers
Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities
Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter
1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999
macr
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
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3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
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Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Table of Contents
Quality Assurance 1
Bomb Calorimetry 4
Compliance 5
Fixed BombBucket Technology 6
Removable BombBucket Technology 7
Calorimeter Comparisons 9
Isoperibol Calorimetry 10
1281 Calorimeter 12-14
1271 Calorimeter 15-17
1266 Calorimeter 18-20
1356 Calorimeter 21-23
1341 Plain Calorimeter 24-25
1425 Semimicro Calorimeter 26-27
1266 Semimicro Calorimeter 28
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Calorimeter Accessories 30
Water Handling Systems 31
Oxygen Combustion Bombs 32-33
1750 Proximate Analyzer 34-36
Calorimeter Accessories 36-37
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer 38
1745 Computer Interface 39
1760 Sulfur Analyzer 39
Discussion on Precision and Accuracy 40
Coal Lab Communications 42-44
Parr Smart Link 43
Coal Lab Software 44
Warranty Inside Back Cove
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
P
arr Instrument Companyhas designed installed
and operates under aQuality Assurance Programwhich ensures that all aspectsof the design materialsselection and procurementmanufacture testing andcertification of its calorimetersand pressure vessels areperformed in accordance withaccepted codes and practices
ISO 9001
CertificationParr Instrument Companyrsquos
overall QualityAssuranceSystem has
been certified to be incompliance with ISO 9001EN29 001 by TUumlV BayernISO 9001 covers the designproduction inspection andservice aspects of Parrrsquos activ-
Quality Assurance
ities as opposed to the certifi-cation of an individual product
CSA Certification
Where appropriate Parrcalorimeters are manufactured
and certified to theelectrical codeestablished by theCanadian Standards
Association The CSA logo isshown on the nameplate of each CSA certified unit
CE CertificationWhere appropriate Parr
Calorimeters will carry theCE mark certifyingcompliance withthe EC Directives
893361EEC for EMCcompliance and EC Directive7323EEC for low voltageelectrical safety
We have arranged this catalog in a manner which will leadyou to descriptions and specifications for a wide range of Parr Laboratory Calorimeters
The catalog itself is divided into four sections
Chapter1of the catalog contains descriptive informationabout Parr Instrument Company our business goals and objectives andour calorimetry team We cover the third party certification and ourcompliance with standard test methods This includes a description of our current technology calorimeter selection and standard features
Chapter2 of the catalog contains a detailed listing of ourcalorimeter products
Chapter3 of the catalog describes the accessories
fixed and removable bomb accessories additional styles of combustionbombs calorimetric thermometers proximate analyzer sulfur analyzercommunication accessories and miscellaneous supplies and parts
Chapter4 of the catalog discusses down stream communica-tions that are a part of a modern solid and liquid fuel testing facility
Catalog Organization
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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
What we have not included in this catalog
is as important to you as what we have shown
We refer here to the long-established
practices and policies of Parr Instrument
Company that have helped to build our
reputation as a reliable supplier in our
specialized field such as
The Catalog
is Only the BeginningDelivery
Communication A commitment to listen
to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need
A commitment to prompt and
dependable delivery schedules
not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in
stock for same day shipment
Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal
Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy
Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol
Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb
1899 1911 1916 1933
100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation
macr
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
Support
Service
Investment
A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements
An investment in modern
machine tools and superior
production management
methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis
A commitment to maintain commonly used
replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment
Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position
Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter
Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test
Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests
Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers
Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities
Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter
1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999
macr
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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macr
The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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2 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
What we have not included in this catalog
is as important to you as what we have shown
We refer here to the long-established
practices and policies of Parr Instrument
Company that have helped to build our
reputation as a reliable supplier in our
specialized field such as
The Catalog
is Only the BeginningDelivery
Communication A commitment to listen
to our customers and awillingness to make theadditions or changes in acalorimeter that thecustomer may want or need
A commitment to prompt and
dependable delivery schedules
not only for catalog items but forcommonly used supplies andservice parts Typical delivery timefor oxygen bomb calorimeters isone week although some specialscould take longer Of equalimportance over the life of yourcalorimeter is our commitmentto maintain commonly usedreplacement and service parts in
stock for same day shipment
Professor SW Parrdeveloped asimplifiedcalorimeter formeasuring theheating value ofcoal
Parr introduced anoxygen bombcalorimeter of anew design with abomb made of anacid-resistantalloy
Parr introducedits first water-jacketed adiabaticcalorimeter usinghot water injectionfor temperaturecontrol
Parr intro-duced thefirst self-sealingoxygencombustionbomb
1899 1911 1916 1933
100 Years of Leadership and Innovation100 Years of Leadership and Innovation
macr
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
Support
Service
Investment
A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements
An investment in modern
machine tools and superior
production management
methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis
A commitment to maintain commonly used
replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment
Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position
Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter
Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test
Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests
Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers
Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities
Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter
1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999
macr
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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macr
The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Introduction
Support
Service
Investment
A technical sales and support staff withan average of over 20 years of experience inthis specialized field We have ldquobeen thereand done thatrdquo and we are looking forward tohelping you solve your unique requirements
An investment in modern
machine tools and superior
production management
methods enables us to makeavailable not only all of the optionslisted on the following pages butalso to handle custom orders forone-of-a-kind designs along withregular production orders on aroutine basis
A commitment to maintain commonly used
replacement and service parts in stock for sameday shipment
Research A commitment to new materials manufacturingmethods research disciplines and computer advancesto continue our leadership position
Parr introduced the first auto-matic jacket temperaturecontrol systemfor an adiabaticcalorimeter
Parr introduced the first micro-processor-basedcontroller forhandling all stepsin a calorimetric test
Parr introduceddynamic oper-ating mode todramaticallyshorten calori-metric tests
Parr introducesldquoSmart Linkrdquo localarea network forlinking coal testinginstruments andcomputers
Parr introduced twocompletely new auto-matic fixed bombisoperibolcalorimeters (1271 amp1281) with fully auto-matic bomb and waterhandling capabilities
Parr introduces the new1266 IsoperibolCalorimeter described detail in this catalogParr also introduces th1356 ContinuouslyCorrected Calorimeter
1962 1979 1980 1982 1992-94 1999
macr
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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macr
The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
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Bomb CalorimetryCalorimeterSupport Team
4
Bomb calorimetry -a procedure whichdetermines the heat of
combustion or calorific valueof materials which are burnedas fuels - is a fundamentaltest of great significance toanyone concerned withbull Production andor
utilization of solid and
liquid fuels
bull Disposal of combustible
wastesbull Study of foods and feeds
Parr offers a complete line of bomb calorimeters and acces-sories for these measurementscalorimeters which carry aproven reputation for reliabilityand good service as earned bythe Parr Instrument Companyduring one-hundred years of continuous manufacturing
experience in this specializedfield These calorimetersprovide a wide selection of equipment for all types of calorimetric service whetherfor routine fuel tests for preciseresearch measurements foroccasional calorific tests orfor student instruction
Uses for Parr calorimetersextend into any chemicalphysical of physiological processin which heat generation orburning is an important factorPrincipal applications includecalorific measurements forbull Coal and coke all varieties
and typesbull Fuel oil both heavy and light
varietiesbull Gasoline all motor fuel and
aviation types jet fuels allvarietiesbull Combustible wastes and
refuse disposalbull Foodstuffs and supplements
for human nutritionbull Forage crops and supple-
ments for animal nutritionbull Building materialsbull Explosives and heat powdersbull Rocket fuels and related
propellants
bull Thermodynamic studies of combustible materials
bull Energy balance studies inecology
In addition to the abovegeneral uses Parr Calorimeterscan be used for any of thefollowing standard ASTM andInternational test methodsproducing results which meetor exceed the precision spec-
ified in each method
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimetry
We at Parr areparticularly proudof our calorimetry
support team The threeindividuals pictured here havea total of 72 years experiencein this specialized field
Jay Albert overseesthe developments in ourcalorimeter line He joinedParr 15 years ago after receivinghis PhD in Analytical Chemistry
specializing in instrumentationand calorimetry Jay is equallyat home with bits bytes andflash ROMrsquos as he is withNewtonrsquos Law of Cooling
With all the changes thathave taken place in our firstcentury of designing buildingand servicing calorimeters onething has not changedmdashourcommitment to build the bestpractical calorimeters is as
strong today as it was whenour company was foundedfor that same purpose
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The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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The unique design features which provide an unprecedenteddegree of automation in the 1271 and 1281 Calorimeterscauses them to differ in certain physical details from the
basic calorimeter designs prescribed in current ASTM ISO BS andDIN International Standards But the basic requirements in each of these methods has been carefully reviewed and extensive testinghas confirmed that the results obtainable with these or any otherParr calorimeter will meet or exceed the repeatability and repro-
ducibility limits specified in each of these standard test methods
ASTM D240-92 Standard Test Method of Hydrocarbon Fuels byBomb Calorimeter
ASTM D1989-97 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by Microprocessor Controlled Isoperibol BombCalorimeter
ASTM D3286-96 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
ASTM D4809-95 Standard Test Method for Heat of combustionof Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
ASTM D5468-95 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific andAsh Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5865-98 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Coal and Coke
ASTM E711-87 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Valueof Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter
ISO 1928-1995 (E) Solid Mineral Fuels-Determination of grosscalorific value by the bomb calorimeter method and calculationof net calorific value
BS 1016 Part 51977 Methods for analysis and Testing of Coaland Coke Part 5 Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
DIN 51 900 Determination of Calorific Values and Calculation of Heat Values with the Bomb Calorimeter Procedure withIsothermal Jacket
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Compliance
Compliance with StandardTest Methods
Cathy Meehan hasworked with the calorimetersand with our customers forover 20 years If you have anoperational problem that Cathy
can not troubleshoot by phoneshe knows where to turn to forthe assistance she needswhether it is operatingprocedures parts ormajor service
Tom Tingle is our CalorimetryProduct Manager Tom hasbeen involved with calorimetryhere at Parr for 36 years In1997 Tom was chosen to bethe recipient of the RA Glenn
Award for his service to theAmerican Society for Testingand Materials Committee D-5on Coal and Coke This waspresented ldquoIn recognition of many years of outstandingservice and active partici-pationrdquo If you have methodsor application questionscall Tom
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
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Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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6 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Fixed Bomb amp Bucket
Technology
Parr Fixed Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Parr Model 1281 and1271 Calorimeters utilizedesigns where the bomb
and bucket are not removedfrom the calorimeter duringroutine operations This concepthas made it possible to providenew levels of automation of not just the data collection andreporting but of the entirecalorimetric determination
Bomb Closure
Both the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters utilize a patentedclosure design which seals andlocks the head into the cylinderwith simple 23˚ twist In theModel 1271 Calorimeter thebomb closure and openingis accomplished by use of pneumatic controls In theModel 1281 Calorimeterthis quick-closure is
performed manually
Measuring andFilling theCalorimeterBucket
The bomb in the Model1281 and 1271 Calorimeters issurrounded by a bucketdesigned to provide smoothcirculation and uniformvolumetric filling The bomb
head closure action also sealsthe jacket at the same time thebomb is closed The uniquedesign of this bomb jacketcombination permits rapidand automatic volumetricfilling of the ldquobucketrdquowater for each test
Oxygen Filling
The oxygen supply isconnected to the fixed bombso that the oxygen charge isautomatically added to thebomb before the preperiodequilibrium period
Exhausting theBomb
At the end of the test thegasses in the bomb are auto-
matically released while thecalorimeter is being returnedto its starting temperature
Draining theBucket
The hot water in the bucketis automatically drained fromthe bucket at the conclusionof the test and replaced withcooling water to bring thebomb and bucket rapidly back
down to the starting temper-ature for the next test
Washing theBomb
At the conclusion of thetest the inside of the bomb iswashed to remove the productsof combustion from the bombThese bomb washings can becollected if tests will be runfor sulfur chlorine or other
elements released from theorganic matrix duringcombustion
The result of the automationof the above steps plus theautomation of the calorimetricmeasurement itself will saveapproximately six minutes of operator time per tests whencompared to any removablebomb calorimeter
The patented Quick-Turn closurecan be opened automatically (1271)or manually (1281)
One of the not so obvious advan-tages of the fixed bomb designsis that the bomb is always washed
as soon as the final temperature rise canbe extrapolated Generally this is within4-5 minutes of the firing of the bombThis minimizes the time any acidsproduced by the combustion can attackthe inner surfaces of the bomb We areseeing much better service life of the1131 and 1136 Bombs used in corrosiveservice because of this
Longer Bomb Life
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Materials of Construction
1Calorimetric
Design
Removable Bomb amp
Bucket Technology
Parr Removable Bomb amp Bucket Technology
Removable bombcalorimeters are the moretraditional design most
users recognize In this designthe oxygen bomb and bucketare removed from thecalorimeter for loading thesample and filling the bucketwith the carefully measuredamount of water whichabsorbs the energy releasedin the combustion
Full Process andData Automation
While these bombs do notfeature the automatic bomband bucket handling featuresof the fixed bomb designcalorimeters the Model 1266and 1356 Calorimeters are fullymicroprocessor controlled andshare a high degree of automation of the following
functions with the Model 1271and 1281 Calorimetersbull Menu based program
selectionbull Sample weights by keyboard
entry or digital transferbull Temperature measurement
and recording with 00001˚ Cresolution
bull Full process control withautomatic establishment of
initial equilibrium bombfiring and final temperaturerise determination
bull Real time heat leakcorrections determinedand applied
bull Gross and net heat of combustion calculatedand reported
bull Thermochemical correctionapplied for acid fuse sulfurand spiking
bull Automatic determination andmaintenance of instrumentstandardization
bull Service interval tracking withdetailed diagnostics and self testing
bull Full data communicationcapabilities
Recommended Applications
The removable bomb
calorimeter will remain thecalorimeter of choice for userswith one or more of thefollowing applications orpreferencesbull Low to medium testing
loads which will not justifythe higher cost of moreautomated systems
bull Student instruction applica-tions with an emphasis on
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1108 Bomb
In 1911 Professor SW Parrdeveloped his Alloy Illium Gto resist the hot mixtures of
sulfuric and nitric acid producedin the oxygen combustion of coal This eliminated the needfor gold or platinum liners forthe bombs and made it practical
to do oxygen bomb calorimetryas a routine laboratory testWhile we no longer use IlliumG we use the most corrosionresistant alloys we can find Forroutine combustions we buildour bombs of Carpenter 20 Cb3Stainless Steel which is richer
in chromium and containsthree times as much nickelas Series 300 Stainless SteelsFor high chloride service weuse Alloy G-30 which addscobalt and molybdenum toresist the corrosive effectof the chloride ion
the basic principalsof calorimetry
bull Applications which requirethe high pressure platinumlined or one of the other
special purpose oxygenbombs
bull Combustions which produceunusual amounts of ash orother corrosive residues thatwould damage the automaticdischarge system
bull Users who chose not toperform the additional main-tenance that the fully auto-matic instruments require
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Sample weights can be
entered by
bull Digital transfer orbull Prompted manual entry
Corrections for fuse acid
sulfur and hydrogen can bebull Entered as determined orbull Entered as fixed corrections
orbull Omitted entirely
Spiking corrections can be
entered
bull Automatically for a fullrange of spiking materials
Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters alloperate from a single
master program The commonaspects of the program ensurethat all of these instruments are
equipped with the latestversions of operatingtemperature measurementtemperature compensationthermo-chemical correctioncomputational andcommunications software
The shared capabilities thatthese calorimeters provide areThe operator can
bull Select either the conve-tional isoperibolequilibriumtest method or the faster
isoperibol dynamicprocedure
bull Set acceptable operatingtolerances
8 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Parr is pleased to introducewith this catalog two newoxygen bomb
calorimeters These are theModel 1266 Isoperibol
Calorimeter and the Model 1356
Calorimeter These calorimetersare updated versions of theearlier 1261 and 1351Calorimeters In their new config-urations these calorimeters
include a color liquid crystaldisplay a menu driven operating
system three RS232C ports fordirect connection to a printeran analytical balance and acomputer and a fourth gener-ation microcomputer control
system
1Calorimetric
Design
Bomb Calorimeters
Calorimeter Selection
Shared Master Program
In the next chapter you willfind described six differentoxygen bomb calorimeters
which continue Parrrsquos traditionof offering the widest choice of instruments to the worldrsquosfuel testing and researchlaboratories The Model 1281and 1271 Calorimeters offerthe worldrsquos most automatedcalorimeters with their fixedbomb and bucket designsThe 1266 Calorimeterrepresents the current devel-
opment of the traditionalremovable bomb and bucketcalorimeter The 1356Calorimeter utilizes the Parrreal time thermal correctioncapabilities to provide aninstrument for rapid testingwith excellent repeatability ata very attractive price The1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeterprovides safe and reliabletesting at a minimum capitalinvestment
The choice among these
calorimeters will depend uponthe anticipated work load anymethod requirements and theusers personal preferences
The Parr technical servicegroup is available to assist withthe selection of an appropriatecalorimeter for the plannedapplication and for assistancein the installation and operationof any of these calorimetersThey can be reached at(800)872-7720 or (309)762-7716between 8 AM and 5 PM CT
New Models
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Calorimeter
Comparisons
Characteristics 1281 Calorimeter 1271 Calorimeter 1266 Calorimeter 1356 Calorimeter
Test Per Hour 8 8 4-9 as equipped 4-8 as equipped
Operator Time Per Test 1 Minute 05 Minute 6 Minutes 6-7 Minutes
Repeatability RSD 010 010 010 02
Calorimeter Type Isoperibol Isoperibol Isoperibol Compensated
Bomb Type Fixed Cylinder Fixed Head amp Removable RemovableRemovable Head Cylinder Bomb amp Bucket Bomb amp Bucket
Head Operation Manual Pneumatic Manual ManualClosure Type Quick-lock Quick-lock Screw Cap Screw Cap
Bucket Fixed Fixed Removable Removable
Bucket Filling Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Oxygen Filling Automatic Automatic Semi-automatic Semi-automatic
Bomb Washing Automatic Automatic Manual Manual
Program Modifications On Screen Menu
Memory 500 Tests
Balance Connection Direct or Smart Link
Temperature Resolution 00001˚ C
Special Bombs 1136CL Chlorine Serv 1131CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv 1108CL Chlorine Serv
1107 Micro 1107 Micro
1104 Explosion 1104 Explosion
1105C Platinum Lined 1105C Platinum Lined
Expandability Single Station Two Stations Single Station Single Station
Calorimeter Comparisons
Gross and net heats of
combustion are reported
bull With full corrections perASTM or
bull With full corrections per ISObull With precision which
meets or exceeds therequirements of allstandard test methods
Standardization can involve
bull Automatic statisticalcalculation or
bull A value entered by manualoverride
bull Performance monitoringbull Automatic information
retrieval
Operating features include
bull Password protection of operating configuration
bull Storage of data and oper-ating configurations in abattery backed-up memory
bull Service interval monitoringand warning
bull Detailed diagnostic self-tests
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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10 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimetric Design
1Calorimetric
Design
Methods and Modes Isoperibol Calorimetrymdash
Methods and Modes
IsoperibolCalorimetryAn isoperibol calorimeter is
one where the suroundingjacket is maintained at aconstant temperature while thetemperature of the bomb andbucket rise as heat is releasedby the combustionThe Model 1266 1271 and1281 Calorimeters are trueisoperibol calorimeters In
these implementations a waterjacket maintained at a fixedtemperature completelysurrounds the combustionbomb and its ldquobucketrdquoA microprocessor-basedcontroller monitors both thetemperature of the bucket andthe jacket and performs thenecessary heat leak correctionsthat result from differences inthese two temperatures
These corrections are appliedcontinuously throughout a testrather than as a final correctionbased on pre and post testmeasurements
ContinuouslyCompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1356 Calorimetertakes advantage of the realtime continuously correctedmethod developed by Parr inits implementation of theisoperibol method No attemptis made in the Model 1356Calorimeter to establish the
constant jacket temperaturerequired for isoperibolcalorimetry Instead thetemperature of the jacket iscontinuously monitored andreal time heat leak correctionsare applied based upon thetemperature difference betweenthe bucket and the actualtemperature of the jacket Whilethis method is not truly anisoperibol method its real time
correction procedure achievesthe same purpose with nearlyequal results What it can notdo is match the temperatureuniformity of a circulatingwater jacket
CompensatedIsoperibolCalorimetry
The Parr 1672 PrecisionThermometer serving as acontroller for the 1341 or1425 Calorimeters uses yetanother approach to emulatethe isoperibol calorimetricmethod In these calorimetersystems the heat leak isprecisely measured during
the calorimetric pre-periodThis evaluation results in anestimate of the effectiveaverage temperature of thecalorimeter surroundings Thistemperature value is then usedthroughout the test interval toprovide the calorimeter heatleak correction While not asrobust as either of the othertwo methods outlined aboveit harnesses the computing
power of the controller withno additional hardware coststo provide heat leak correctioncapability that is almostidentical to the approachused when non-electronicthermometry and manualcalorimetric techniquesare employed
For a complete discussion of Precision and Accuracy
please turn to page 40
SampleFired
Controlled
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
Measured
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
Calculated
Jacket
Calorimeter
T e m p e r a t u r e
Time
SampleFired
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Bomb Calorimeters
1281 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1271 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Fixed Bomb - Isoperibol
1266 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash
Isoperibol
1356 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndashContinuously Compensated
1266 amp 1356 Expanded
Configurations
1341 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Removable Bomb ndash Plain
Jacket
1425 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Semimicro
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set
1266 Calorimeter
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
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Back
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Model Number
281
ests Per Hour
8
Operator Time
Minute
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
ixed Cylinder Removable Head
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
emperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1281 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1281 Calorimeterprovides all of the timeand labor saving
automation available with thenew technology fixed bombdesign in a single compact
integrated instrument It isintended for laboratorieswith moderate to heavytesting loads
IntegratedDesign
In the 1281 Calorimeter all of the principal components thecombustion bomb the bucketand jacket the water handling
system and the oxygen fillingsystem are built into a singleconsole which includes thecalorimeter controller and theoperating keyboard The unitis 18 inches wide 21 inchesdeep and 16 inches high witha recessed area at the top fora 1756 Printer
As with the 1271 Calorimeterthe bomb body and bucket inthe 1281 Model are pre-installedin the calorimeter but thebomb head with its attachedelectrodes and sample holder
must be removed for loadingthe sample and attaching anauxiliary cotton fuse Theloaded head is then returned tothe calorimeter and the bomb isclosed with a simple 23-degreeturn of the twistlock closure
The Model 1281 Isoperibol Calorimeter Shown with Model 1756 Printer andBuilt-in Calorimeter Controller
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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The CalorimeterController
An integral microprocessor-based controller built into the1281 Calorimeter provides thelatest operating controls dataacquisition data processingdata reporting and communi-cation capabilities It features amenu driven programming and
operating system with a brightbacklit liquid crystal display
The WaterHandling System
A built-in water tank circu-lating pump and temperaturecontrol system provide internalwater circulation for both fillingthe calorimeter bucket and formaintaining true isoperiboloperating conditions during
the test As with all Parrcalorimeters this is a closedloop system which conserveswater and eliminates theproblems caused by poorquality water supplies Thecalorimeter bucket holdsapproximately 550mL of waterin which the temperature willrise approximately 8˚ C duringa normal test
1136 Oxygen Bomb
Close-up of the twistlock closure
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle the datagenerated by the proximate analysis
Saving the weights and providing thecalculations for the various basis isincluded in the newest calorimetermodels Please see page 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1281 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and erro
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
The OxygenBomb
The 1136 and 1136CL OxygenBombs are used in the 1281
Calorimeter These are similarto the 1131 and 1131CL Bombsused in the 1271 Calorimeterbut modified with extendedelectrodes to operate in a head-on-top configuration withmanual opening and closing
Proximate Analysis
macr
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macr
14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
macr
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
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Back
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14 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1281EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281EF 230V 5060Hz
1281CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1281CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb mdash See pages 6 and 33 for details
Although an 1136 Bomb is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1136 Carpenter 20Cb3 model or an 1136CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
A895DD Bomb Head Assembly mdash See page 30 for details
By purchasing a second head for the 1136 Bomb the user can prepare the next sample for testing
before the current test is completed thereby minimizing turnaround time and obtaining maximum
through-put from the calorimeter
1289 Spare Parts Kit mdash See page 30 for details
Although a 1289 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1281 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1136 Oxygen Combustion Bomb Carpenter 20
1136CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for chlorine service
A895DD Head Assembly for 1136 Bomb
A895DDCL Head Assembly for 1136CL Bomb for chlorine service
1289 Spare Parts Kit for 1281 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1281 CALORIMETERA 1281 Calorimeter is furnished with the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a built-in controller oxygen bull Water cooler
bomb with its attached water bucket a surrounding bull Oxygen pressure regulator
water jacket and a water handling system bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
bull Printer bull Spare parts kit
bull Bomb wash tank bull Accessories for installation
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1281 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1281 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1552 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4049
macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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The 1271 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter
The 1271 Calorimeteroffers an unequaled levelof automation with two
unique capabilities
Fully AutomaticBomb Handling
The bomb is openedand closed automatically bypneumatic drives undermicroprocessor control Theoperator simply loads the
sample into the bomb headattaches an auxiliary cottonthread fuse and closes thesafety guard All operationsthen proceed automaticallyuntil the end of the test whenthe calorimeter opens thebomb and releases the safetyguard for the operator to insertthe next sample
Expandable To A Dual System
To best serve laboratorieswith high volume testing loadsthe 1271 Calorimeter isdesigned so that it can beexpanded to include twoseparate calorimeter mecha-nisms operating with a singlecontroller thus providingredundancy as well as addi-tional capacity Dual operation
is accomplished by adding a1272 Calorimeter ExpansionModule to the basic 1271System
Modular Design
The calorimeter is built inmodular form with a bomb andjacket module (tower) acontroller a water system
(bomb rinse tank and watercooler) and a printer as free-standing units This arrangementprovides flexibility in adaptingthe calorimeter to the laboratory
workload and space
The CalorimeterBomb Jacketand ActuatingMechanism
The tower module containsthe principal operating compo-nents of the calorimeter It is acompact assembly consisting
The Model 1271 Isoperibol Calorimeter shown with Model 1756 Printer and Calorimeter Controller
Model Number
1271
Tests Hour
8
Operator Time
05 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
Isoperibol
Bomb Type
Fixed Head and Cylinder
Bucket Filling
Automatic
Oxygen Filling
Automatic
Bomb Washing
Automatic
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Halogen Service
Expandability
Yes ndash two stations
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
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macr
macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
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Fit in Window
Fit Width
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Back
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macr
of the oxygen bomb with itsattached water bucket atemperature-controlled outerwater jacket a bomb loadingmechanism and all of thesolenoid valves connectorsand circuitry needed for acalorimetric test These partsare housed in a case 12 inches
The 1271 Calorimeter can be run in dual mode with only one controller and printer
wide 21 inches deep and 27
inches high with easy access toall mechanical components formaintenance and repairs
The CalorimeterController
This module contains themicroprocessor based circuitrywhich controls the calorimeterrecords the data calculates andstores the test results andcommunicates with connected
balances and computers It hasa backlit liquid crystal displayand a keyboard through whichit issues commands to thecalorimeter Significantmechanical and electricalprotection for these delicatecomponents is provided bymounting them in this separatechassis away from the waterand corrosive vapors in thebomb and jacket module
The WaterHandling System
This component consists of atemperature controlledreservoir with a pump tocirculate water through thejacket surrounding thecalorimeter bucket therebyisolating the bomb and bucket
from the effects of room
temperature and maintainingtrue isoperibol operatingconditions throughout the testThe temperature within thisjacket is held constant within01˚ C Water is also drawn fromthe temperature controlledreservoir to fill the bucketchamber which surrounds thebomb This bucket holdsapproximately 400mL of watercompared with 2000mL in a
more traditional system Asa result the temperature risein a normal test will beapproximately 10˚ C instead of the 3˚ C rise developed in mostother calorimeters
A bomb wash tank tosupply distilled water to washthe bomb a cooler to removethe heat obtained from thesample and a printer toproduce calorimetric reports
are furnished with the 1271Calorimeter The air or gasrequired to open and closethe bomb and to pressurizethe bomb wash tank is bestsupplied from a tank of compressed air or nitrogenA nitrogen tank pressureregulator for this purpose isfurnished with the calorimeter
1131 Oxygen Bomb
Included for the first time is thebuilt-in capability to handle thedata generated by the proximate
analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in the newestcalorimeter models Please see page34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1271 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
16 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Proximate Analysis
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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macr
Model 1271
Ordering Guide
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1271EA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271EF 230V 5060Hz
1271CLEA 115V 5060Hz Calorimeter System with 1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1271CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
1272 CALORIMETER EXPANSION MODULE
This is a complete calorimeter module for users who want to increase the capacity of their calorimetric
operation by adding a second independent combustion system This operating unit has an 1131 Oxygen
Bomb water bucket outer water jacket and bomb loading mechanism An extra 1131 Oxygen Bomb is
furnished with the 1272 Module also a separate bomb wash tank a spare parts kit and all hardware
needed to connect the module to an existing calorimeter controller and water handling system
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1272EA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module - adds a second combustion system to 1271
1272EF 230V 5060Hz
1272CLEA 115V 5060Hz Expansion Module with 2-1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1272CLEF 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
Although an 1131 Bomb is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter many users will want to have a spare
bomb available to ensure continuous operation during routine servicing This extra bomb can be either
the standard 1131 Carpenter 20Cb3 or an 1131CL Bomb made of a special alloy that offers best
resistance to free chlorine and halogen acids
1279 Spare Parts Kit
Although a 1279 Spare Parts Kit is furnished with the 1271 Calorimeter users will need to purchase
additional kits for proper maintenance on the system
Model No Description
1131 Oxygen Combustion Bomb
1279 Spare Parts Kit for 1271 or 1272 Calorimeter System
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
1131CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
1271 CALORIMETERA 1271 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily interconnected to form a complete
operating system
bull Calorimeter module with a bull Calorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
built-in oxygen bomb with its bull Printer bull Nitrogen pressure regulator
attached water bucket an bull Water handling system bull Spare parts kit
outer water jacket and a bull Bomb rinse tank bull Accessories for installation
bomb loading mechanism bull Water cooler
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1271 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
Included Accessories(See page 30 forDetails)
Each 1271 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
1551 Water Cooler
1756 Printer
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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The 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
the calorimeter and refilledmanually for each test therebyrequiring more of the operatorrsquostime than the automatic andsemi-automatic models
All sensors controlsand jacketing in the 1266Calorimeter are built into asingle compact cabinet toprovide a self-containedoperating unit consisting ofbull A temperature-controlled
water jacket with a built-incirculating system and anelectric heater
bull An 1108 oxygen bomb withan oval bucket which fits into
the insulating water jacketbull A built-in semi-automatic
system for charging thebomb with oxygen
bull A high precision electronicthermometer
bull A keyboard for data entryand operation control
bull Bright back-lit color liquidcrystal display with menudriven programming and
operating systembull Expanded System on Page 23
PreciseElectronic
ThermometryTemperatures are measured
with a high precision electronicthermometer using a speciallydesigned thermistor sensorsealed in a stainless steel probewhich is fixed in the calorimetercover Measurements are takenwith 00001˚ C resolution over a20˚ to 40˚ C working range withall readings shown in Celsius
Effective ThermalJacketing
Outstanding thermal jack-eting is provided by a circu-lating water system driven by abuilt-in high capacity pumpwhich maintains a continuousforced flow around the sidesand bottom of the bucketchamber and through the coveras well The jacket temperature
Model 1266 is a micro-processor controlledisoperibol oxygen
bomb calorimeter which iswidely used for both routineand occasional calorific testsIt uses the time-tested Parr 1108oxygen bomb and oval bucketin a compact calorimeterproducing reliable results withgood repeatability but differingfrom the 1271 and 1281 Modelsin that the bomb and bucketboth must be removed from
1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter
Model Number
1266
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6 min
Repeatability (RSD)
010
Calorimeter Type
soperibol
Bomb Type
Removable bomb and bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
Expandability
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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macr
macrOxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
installed in the calorimeter
To fill the bomb the operatorsimply slips the filling hoseconnector onto the bomb inletvalve and pushes a key to startthe filling sequence Filling thenproceeds automatically at acontrolled rate to a pre-setpressure Built-in safety provi-sions will prevent an accidentalovercharge and an errormessage will be shown if thedesired pressure is not attained
AutomaticStandardization
The 1266 Calorimeter willautomatically generate itsenergy equivalent (EE) valuefrom a series of standardizationtests calculating a mean valuefrom either (a) all standard-ization tests or (b) from thelast 10 operator designatedtests for each bombbucket
combination The user canenter the maximum standarddeviation he will accept and thecalorimeter will advise him if his tests fail to meet this criteriaEnergy equivalent values forup to eight bombbucketcombinations can be storedin the computer
1266 Calorimeter shown with the lid up
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Included for the first time is the built-incapability to handle the data generatedby the proximate analysis Saving the
weights and providing the calculations forthe various basis is included in the newescalorimeter models Please see page 34-3for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1266 can be set to providethe programming options operatingmenus reports and error messages
in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
is held constant for isoperibol
operation and no water addi-tions or waiting period arerequired at the end of a runA sealed immersion heaterand a built-in cooling coil bothoperated by the calorimetercontroller provide precisejacket temperature control
A ReliableOxygen Bomb
The Parr 1108 Oxygen
Bomb furnished with thecalorimeter will safely burnsamples liberating up to 8000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 40 atm An alternate 1108CLbomb with superior resistanceto chlorine and halogen acidsis recommended for testsinvolving waste materials andchlorinated samples
A Built-InOxygen FillingSystem
To speed and simplify thebomb filling operation the1266 Calorimeter has a semi-automatic system for chargingthe bomb with oxygen Oxygenfrom a 1A commercial cylinderis connected to a micro-processor controlled solenoid
Proximate Analysis
Many User
OptionsAlthough specific procedures
are recommended variousoptions are available to the userbull Program parameters can
be adjusted to accommodateunusual sample sizes andprecision requirements
bull The calorimeter can beprogrammed to accom-modate any reagentconcentrations selected
by the userbull Calorific values can be
reported in any of severalmeasurement units
bull The calorimeter program canbe adjusted to compensatefor the subtle differences inthe way acid correction valuesare handled in ASTM BS DINand ISO Methods
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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1266 CALORIMETERA 1266 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to
provide a complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in calorimeter controller
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb
bull Oval Bucket
bull Printer
bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull Spare parts kit
bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter w1108 Oxygen Bomb1266EF 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA 115V 5060Hz Isoperibol Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL
1266CLEF 230V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1108 Oxygen Bomb Extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service Extra
A391DD Oval Bucket Extra
1563EA Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552EA Water Cooler (see page 30 for details)
1269 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 39 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
20 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
bull Program controls can bepassword protected
bull A bomb usage tally can bemaintained to notify the userwhen each bomb should beserviced
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent record of all activity within the calorimeter
Automatic DataTransfer
The calorimeter is equippedwith an RS232C output fortwo-way communication withPCrsquos or other laboratory datasystems It is also equippedwith a Smart Link port forconnection to other deviceson this network as described onpages 42 and 43
CompatibleModular Design
The 1266 Calorimeter isfully compatible with existing1108 Parr Bombs calorimetercontrollers closed-circuit waterhandling systems and all ParrSmart Link devices making iteasy to fit the instrument intoan existing laboratory set-upModular design with all
electronics assembled in aremovable chassis simplifiesservicing problems Also thecalorimeter is programmed sothat it can be connected througha phone modem direct to theParr Instrument Companyfactory computer for troubleshooting or for programparameter up-dates
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide Ordering Guide
1108 Oxygen Bomb A391DD Oval Bucket 1755 Printer
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
macr
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Model Number
1356
Tests Hour
4-8 as equipped
Operator Time
6-7 min
Repeatability (RSD)
020
Calorimeter Type
Corrected
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bu
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Semi-Automatic
Bomb Washing
Manual
Memory
500 Tests
Balance Connection
Yes
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
The 1356 Calorimeter
A Moderately Priced
Micro-Processor Controlled
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter
Without Jacket Temperature
Control
Outwardly the 1356Calorimeter appears tobe the same as the 1266
Isoperibol Calorimeter sinceboth calorimeters are built intothe same housing with thesame keyboard and LCD display
panel But there is oneimportant difference the 1356Calorimeter does not have atemperature controlled jack-eting system as required forisoperibol calorimetry
The 1356 Calorimeter isintended for the user whowants a modern calorimeterwith the convenient automaticfeatures provided in the 1266Calorimeter and whose
precision requirements can bemet with a static systemwithout isoperibol control Orfor users whose work load issmall or intermittent making itpreferable to purchase a lessexpensive model To meet thesecriteria the temperaturecontrolled water jacket and itsaccessories have been removedfrom the 1266 Calorimeter andreplaced in the 1356 with a
static air jacket around thebucket chamber comparable tothe arrangement used in the1341 Plain Calorimeter Thiseliminates all water and waterconnections resulting in asignificant saving in cost Andwith no permanent externalconnections (except aconnection to an oxygen tank)The 1356 Calorimeter can be set
up and made ready to operatein a few minutes or it can beset aside when not in use
GoodRepeatability
To obtain the best precisionwith an uncontrolled jacket the1356 Calorimeter has a temper-ature monitoring capability builtinto the jacket This allows thecalorimeter to measure theactual jacket temperature andapply the appropriate heat leakcorrections in real time Whilenot equal to an isolating water
jacket the 1356 method offers asignificant improvement overthe traditional static jacket andmakes it possible to obtainreasonable precision withoutthe long pre- and post-periodsnormally required for staticjacket calorimetry It also makesit possible to use the ParrDynamic Method for rapidtesting
As with all static jacketcalorimeters best results willbe obtained when thecalorimeter is operated in alocation where it is not subjectto drafts or fluctuating airtemperature preferable in a
temperature-controlled room Itmay require more frequentstandardization if the ambienttemperature changes during theday or from day to day Withthese constrictions undercontrol standard deviations in aseries or tests with a uniformsample such as benzoic acidshould not exceed 02 percentThe precision obtainable will be
1356 Calorimeter
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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macr
Ordering Guide
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1356 Calorimeter
Ordering Guide
22 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
Included for the first time isthe built-in capability to handle thedata generated by the Proximate
Analysis Saving the weights andproviding the calculations for thevarious basis is included in thenewest calorimeter models Pleasesee pages 34-36 for details
Multiple LanguageOptions
Parr Model 1356 can be set toprovide the programming optionsoperating menus reports and error
messages in the following choice of languages
English French German Czech
more than adequate for most
waste screening and teachingapplications
A Self-ContainedOperating Unit
The 1356 Calorimeter is acompact operating unit thatuses the same 1108 oxygenbomb and oval bucketfurnished with the 1266 and1341 models It also has thesame automatic oxygen filling
system and high precisionelectronic thermometer used inthe 1266 Calorimeter There isa touch-panel keyboard for dataentry and a color LCD displayfor operator prompts statusindication data verification andreport reviews All steps in thetest procedure are managedby a microprocessor control
system programmed to operatethe calorimeter in either theconventional equilibrium modeor in a faster dynamic mode Alldata is handled automaticallyby a dedicated microcomputer
1356 CALORIMETER
A 1356 Calorimeter consists of the following parts which are easily installed to provide a
complete operating system
bull Calorimeter module with built-in bull Printercalorimeter controller bull Oxygen pressure regulator
bull 1108 Oxygen Bomb bull Spare parts kit
bull Oval bucket bull Accessories for installation
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA 115V 5060Hz Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
1356EF 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA 115V 5060Hz As above with 1108CL Oxygen Bomb for Chlorine Service
1356CLEF 230V 5060Hz
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 1108 Oxygen Bomb extra
1108CL Oxygen Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service extra
A391DD Oval Bucket extra
1563 Water Handling System (see page 31 for details)
1552 Water Cooler (see page 31 for details)
1359 Spare Parts Kit (see page 30 for details)
2811 Pellet Press (see page 36 for details)
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
1108 Oxygen Bomb 1755 Printer
Printed Reports
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1356 Calorimeter toproduce a permanent recordof all activity within thecalorimeter
For Additional Recommended AccessoriesSee 1266 Expanded System on Page 23
Proximate Analysis
A391DD Oval Bucket
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Expanded Configurations
The 1266 and 1356Calorimeters have beendeveloped as a family of
affordable apparatus which canbe assembled into operatingsystems tailored to meetindividual needs withoutoverbuying and withouthaving to purchase a moresophisticated system than theuser requires An initialpurchase can be limited to the
basic calorimeter with orwithout additional accessorieswhile still retaining the ability toexpand the system in the futureif the work load should change
ExpandableCalorimeterSystems
To assist in the selection of calorimetric apparatus from anarray of separate items Parr
offers the 1266 and 1356Calorimeters as a Systemwhich provides all of theequipment needed for highspeed calorific testing (exceptan analytical balance oxygentank and common laboratorychemicals) For many userswho are testing only a fewsamples per day a 1266Calorimeter with a 1755 Printermay be adequate But by
adding a water supply systeman extra oxygen bomb andbucket and a water cooler(Expanded System) it ispossible to handle many moretests with minimal operatoreffort and with a potential forimproved precision as wellAlso the added water handling
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1266 amp 1356
Expanded Configurat
Shown is the 1266 Expanded System
EXPANDED 1266 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1266 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1266 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
1563 Water Handling System (2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets 1552 Water Cooler and
a 1269 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1266EA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1266EF System 230V 5060Hz
1266CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs
1266CLEF System 230V 5060Hz for Chlorine Service
EXPANDED 1356 CALORIMETER SYSTEM
The 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System includes the following 1356 Calorimeter 1755 Printer
(2) 1108 Bombs (2) A391DD Oval Buckets and a 1359 Spare Parts Kit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1356EA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108 Bombs
1356EF System 230V 5060Hz
1356CLEA System 115V 5060Hz 1356 Calorimeter Expanded System with 1108CL Bombs for
1356CLEF System 230V 5060Hz Chlorine Service
system and water cooler willpermit closed loop operationindependent of running waterand a drain The 1356 and 1266
Expanded Calorimeter Systemhas an extra 1108 bomb andA3911DD bucket to allow nextsample preparation inadvance
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Model Number
1341
Tests Hour
2
Operator Time
25 min
Repeatability (RSD)
030
Calorimeter Type
Static
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and Bucket
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Temperature Resolution
0002˚ C
Special Bombs
Yes
2Bomb
Calorimeters
24 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1341 Plain Calorimeter
A Reliable Oxygen Bomb
Calorimeter In A Plain
Insulated Jacket for
Occasional Calorific Tests
The 1341 Calorimeter is animproved version of aplain static jacket oxygen
bomb calorimeter that has beenmade by Parr for more thaneighty years It is a reliablecalorimeter that can be used for
the same broad range of solidand liquid combustible samplesas the 1266 1271 1281 and 1356models Its modest cost andsimple design recommend itprimarily for users whose workload does not justify thepurchase of an automatic modelThe calorimeter requires nopermanent connections It canbe set up and ready to operate
in a few minutes and when notin use can be easily disas-sembled and stored on a shelf
Many Applications
The calorific value of anysolid or liquid material that canbe burned safely in an oxygenbomb can be determined in the1341 Calorimeter It is also an
excellent instrument forteaching heat measurementtechniques in a studentlaboratory since it provides allof the instrumentation neededfor such tests but with eachelement in the system reducedto fundamental forms Althoughcommonly called a ldquoplainrdquocalorimeter because of itssimple design technically this
is a static jacket instrumentwhich operates at or near roomtemperature with no provisionfor controlling the jackettemperature Compensation forany heat loss (or gain) during atest is made by applying acorrection computed from heatleak measurements takenbefore and after each testAs a general rule about 10 or
12 tests can be completed inan 8-hour day whereas up to75 tests can be run in thesame period in a Parrautomatic model
GoodRepeatability
Good repeatability can beobtained with the 1341Calorimeter provided that thetemperature rise and heat leak
corrections are measured andapplied carefully Using the19-35˚ C mercurial thermometersupplied with the instrumentstandard deviations in a seriesof tests with a uniform samplesuch as benzoic acid should notexceed 03
QualityConstruction
There has been no
compromise with quality inselecting components for themoderately priced 1341Calorimeter It is equipped withthe same 1108 Oxygen Bombfurnished with the 1266Isoperibol Calorimeter Analternate 1108CL bomb withsuperior resistance to chlorineand halogen acids is availablefor tests involving waste
1341 Plain Jacket Calorimeter with 2901 Ignition Unit
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Ordering Guide
materials and chlorinatedsolvents The molded doublewall jacket provides a simpleyet effective insulating systemthat restricts heat flow betweenthe calorimeter and itssurroundings Temperature
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1341 Plain Calorimet
Ordering Guide
macr
1341 PLAIN CALORIMETER
The 1341 Calorimeter is furnished with an 1825 Oxygen Filling Connection six fuelcapsules fuse wire for 1500 tests and support stands for the bomb head and
calorimeter cover also a vial of benzoic acid pellets for standardizing the calorimeter
and complete operating instructions
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1341EA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen
1341EF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb
1341CLEA 115V 5060Hz Plain Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108CL Oxygen
1341CLEF 230V 5060Hz Combustion Bomb for Chlorine Service
ACCESSORIES
The 2901 Ignition Unit is offered to provide the low voltage electrical current to fire the oxygen bomb An alternate ignition unit 2902 is offered for use with calorimeters
equipped with the 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer The 2902 includes provisions for
automatically firing the bomb under the control of the 1672 ThermometerController
The user must select the appropriate ignition unit for his installation and
order it separately
1672 CALORIMETRIC THERMOMETER CONTROLLER
The 1672 Calorimetric ThermometerController which is described on page 38 of this
catalog is offered to improve the precision convenience and speed of operation of the
1341 Calorimeter
SUGGESTED OPTIONAL ACCESSORIESModel No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without Thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermister Probe 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (Platinum Resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2901EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit
2901EE 230V 5060Hz
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for Use with 1672 Thermometer
2902EE 230V 5060Hz
readings are taken with a 1603Calorimetric Thermometer witha range from 19-35˚ C in 02˚subdivisions Readings can beestimated to the nearest 002˚using the clip-on reading lensfurnished with the instrument
SuggestedOptional Accessories
1108 Oxygen bomb(see page 32 for details)
1603 Calorimetric Thermometer
A391DD Oval Bucket
2901 Ignition Unit(Required - soldseparately)
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Model Number
1425
Tests Hour
3
Operator Time
10 min
Repeatability (RSD)
038
Calorimeter Type
Compensated
Bomb Type
Removable Bomb and
Bucket (semi-micro)
Bucket Filling
Manual
Oxygen Filling
Manual
Bomb Washing
Manual
Balance Connection
No
Temperature Resolution
00001˚ C
Special Bombs
No
2Bomb
Calorimeters
26 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter
1425 Calorimeter shown with 2902 Ignition Unit
The 1425 SemimicroCalorimeter is a compactand easily operated static
jacket combustion calorimeterdesigned specifically formeasuring the heat of combustion of small sampleswhen only limited amounts of
test material are available Theneed for semimicro operationfrequently arises in marinebiology and other ecologicalstudies where sample sizes arelimited also for testing heatpowders and pyrotechnicmixtures
A 22mL OxygenBomb
The 22mL 1107 OxygenBomb used in the semimicrocalorimeter will handle samples
ranging from 25 to 200milligrams liberating up to1200 calories when burned inoxygen Outputs up to 2400calories can be accommodatedif the sample is self-oxidizingprovided it is burned in an inertatmosphere and does notproduce considerable gasCombustions in oxygen mustbe limited to a maximumoutput of 1200 calories
An EffectiveThermal Jacket
Effective static thermalinsulation is provided by usinga silvered glass Dewar as thecalorimeter vessel This vacuumflask 75mm inside diameter x130mm deep holds the 1107bomb in 450 grams of water It
is supported within a stainlesssteel air can from which it iseasily removed for filling orcleaning
Automatic
CalculationsThe temperature
measurement and controlsection of this calorimeterdetermines the initial equi-librium fires the bomb recordsthe final temperature appliesthe appropriate heat leakcorrections for this static jacketcalorimeter and generates a nettemperature rise for the testIt can also accept all
thermochemical correctionsthrough the keyboard andreport a gross heat of combustion The controllercan be configured to recordand store actual temperaturereadings in its memory forlater transfer to a computer forusers who prefer to determinethe net rise in this manner
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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1425 SEMIMICRO CALORIMETER
The 1425 Semimicro Calorimeter is furnished with a modified 1672 Precision Thermometer 1107 Oxygen
Bomb and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1425EA 115V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter with 1107 Oxygen Bomb
1425EF 230V 5060Hz
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
Model No Description
1107 Oxygen Bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
SEMIMICRO ACCESSORIES
Model No Description 45C10 Fuse Wire 10cm card
45C7 Fuse Wire 7cm card
3414 Benzoic Acid Pellets vial of 30 02 gram
208AC Inconel Fuel Capsule
1459 CONVERSION KIT FOR CONVERTING A 1425 TO A 1455All of the parts needed to convert a 1425 Semimicro Bomb Calorimeter to a 1455 Solution Calorimeter
are provided in a 1459 Conversion Kit consisting of
Qty Model No Description
1 123C Dewar flask
1 A120C Calorimeter cover assembly with bearing tower and no pulley
1 A129C Push Rod
2 A130C Cell Assembly without cell bottom
2 126C Cell bottom PTFE
1 3421 ldquoTrisrdquo Calibration Standard for 1455 Solution Calorimeter 100g bottle
Ordering Guide
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
1425 Semimicro
Ordering Guide
macr
Good Precision
The precision obtainable withthe 1425 Calorimeter will dependprimarily upon the amount of energy released by the sampleIf the release is less than
Conversion To A Solution CalorimeterThe 1425 Calorimeter can be converted to a solution calorimeter for
measuring enthalpy changes produced by chemical reactions in solution byreplacing the inner parts with solution calorimeter components Details areprovided in Bulletin 1400
100 calories the deviation fromthe mean will not exceed 10percent of the measured valueWith a 400 calorie release thedeviation will be less than 04percent of the mean value
Included Accessories
Each 1425 Calorimeter isfurnished with
1107 Semimicro Oxygen bomb
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
2902 Ignition Unit
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3549macr32 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3949
macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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28 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Bomb Calorimeters
2Bomb
Calorimeters
Semimicro
Conversion 1266 Semimicro Calorimeter
SemimicroConversion
Parr offers a 1267Conversion Set consisting of a 22mL combustion bomb andaccessories which can be usedin a 1266 Isoperibol Calorimeterfor testing small samples in the25 to 200 milligram range liber-ating up to 1200 calories Thisprovides a convenient means
for using a standard calorimeterfor tests in which the amountof sample is limited or forprocedures in which it would bedifficult to obtain a measurabletemperature rise in a standardsystem The need for semimicrooperation frequently arises inmarine biology and otherecological studies wheresample sizes are limited
Easy ConversionThe conversion to semimicro
operation is made by simplyinstalling an 1107 22ml semimicro bomb and a twin-chambered bucket in a 1266Calorimeter using the sametemperature sensors andautomatic controls used formacro operation Thus all of the advantages of isoperibolcalorimetry with full automation
can be obtained for semimicrooperation without interferingwith the usefulness of thecalorimeter for macroprocedures
The unique twin-chamberedbucket holds the 1107 Bombwith a minimum mass of waterand metal to obtain maximumtemperature sensitivity The
calorimeter stirrer extends intothe smaller cylinder to circulatewater around the bomb and
through the interconnectedchambers producing rapidtemperature equilibrium inthis compact system
GoodRepeatability
When operating a semimicrosystem in a 1266 Calorimeterrepeatable results can beobtained with standarddeviations as small as 02 of
the determined value But therepeatability will vary indifferent applications
depending primarily upon theamount of energy released bythe sample with larger samples
giving the best results
Accessories
The 1267 Semimicro
Conversion Set consists of a1107 semimicro bomb with awrench and bench socket atwin-chambered watercontainer two 208AC Inconelfuel capsules a card of 45C7and 45C10 nickel alloy fuse wirea vial of 30 x 02 gram benzoic
acid pellets for standardizingthe calorimeter and othernecessary accessories
1267 Conversion Set for adding an 1107 Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1267 Semimicro Conversion Set for adding an 1107
Semimicro Bomb to a 1266 Calorimeter
1268EF 230V 5060Hz Semimicro Calorimeter
1268EA Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter with 1108 Oxygen Bomb
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 3549macr32 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
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macr
Back
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Calorimeter Accessories
Fixed and Removable Bomb
Accessories
17551756 PrintersA391DD Oval Bucket
1575 Bomb Wash Tank
15511552 Water Cooler
1563 Water Handling System
Oxygen Combustion Bombs
1104 High Strength Bomb
1105C Platinum Lined Bomb
1107 Oxygen Bomb1108 Oxygen Bomb
1108CL Oxygen Bomb
for Chlorine Service
1131-1136 Oxygen Bombs
1131-1136 CL Oxygen Bombs
for Chlorine Service
1750 Proximate Analyzer
Balance Interface
Calorimeter Accessories
VM Crucibles
Pellet Press
Calorimetric Thermometers
Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel Capsules
Gelatin CapsulesFuse Wire
Benzoic Acid
1672 Calorimetric Thermometer
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1745 Computer Interface
3Calorimeter
Accessories
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Fixed and Removable BombCalorimeter Accessories
30 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Fixed and Removable
Bomb Accessories
macr
The 1756 and1755 Printers
A Parr 1756 Printer isfurnished with each 1281 and1271 Calorimeter to produce apermanent record of all activitywithin the calorimeter Theprinter is also used to report thestatus of the calorimeter It is acompact dot matrix 40-columnformat that will accommodate
all essential data This printerrequires no additional benchspace
A 1755 Printer is furnishedwith each 1266 and 1356Calorimeter It is housed in aseparate case 8 inches squareand 4 inches high It includes itsown power supply
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
No Voltage Description 1756EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1756EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
1755EA 115V Printer with Power Supply
1755EF 230V Printer with Power Supply
263C Printer Paper
264C Ribbon for Printer
A895DD Heads
Users that wish to have fasterthroughput might consider thepurchase of extra heads for theirfixed bomb calorimeters so thatthe next sample can be preparedin advance
Spare Parts
Each spare parts kit containsthe supplies necessary for 5-6
complete service cycles Userscan contact us for the exact itemsand proportions because eachcalorimeter system is different
A391DDCalorimeterBucket
The A391DD Calorimetric
Bucket contains the bomb andwater in the 1266 1341and 1356 Calorimeters One of these buckets is furnished witheach calorimeter but a sparebomb and bucket will doublethe throughput of any of thesecalorimeters as they permit thenext test to be prepared inadvance
The 1575 BombWash Tank
Water to wash the interior of the bomb at the end of a test isdrawn from a separate tank not
from the water handling systemreservoir used to fill the jacketand bucketA 5-gallon stainless steel tankis furnished to hold water forthe bomb washing system Allattachments needed to pres-surize the tank and feed washwater to the bomb are includedwith the calorimeter Users whointend to analyze the bombwashings will want to fill the
tank with distilled or deionizedwater otherwise tap water canbe used The tank is filledthrough a large top openingwith a normal 4-gallon fillingproviding sufficient water forapproximately 150 tests Thetank is ASME Certified andfitted with a relief valve
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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bull Conserves waterbull Eliminates problems caused by
poor quality water supplies
bull Provides uniform temperaturestarting water
bull Eliminates the need for a drainbull Provides a repeatable amount of
water for the bucket
1563 WaterHandling System
For best results withthe 1266 CalorimeterParr offers the 1563Water Handling System as aconvenient means for filling thecalorimeter bucket with exactlythe same amount of water atthe same fixed temperature foreach test The 1563 System
consists of a 5 gallontemperature controlledreservoir with a high capacitypump and an attached 2000mLautomatic glass deliverypipette It provides a closedcircuit circulating system inwhich water flows continuouslythrough the delivery pipette andback to the reservoir tomaintain a constant watertemperature in the pipette for
repeatable delivery volumesContinuous filtration is includedto ensure that the bucketwill always be filled withclean water
The temperature in thereservoir is thermostaticallycontrolled to within +-05˚ C ata setting near 30˚ C Water inthe bucket that has been usedand warmed in a test is emptiedback into the reservoir at the
end of each run To compensatefor the warmer water aconnection must be made to anoutside cooling sourcepreferably a Parr 1552 WaterCooler Connections areprovided for delivering waterfrom the reservoir to a 1266Calorimeter for jacket
temperature control Either oneor two calorimeters can beserved from a single 1563System
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1563EA 115V 5060Hz Water Handling System
1563EF 230V 5060Hz Water Handling System
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Water Handling
macr
Closed Loop WaterHandling System
1563 Water Handling SystemThe 1551 and1552 WaterCoolers
Since the 1281 and 1271Calorimeters operate withclosed loop water systems awater cooler must be includedto remove the heat produced inthe combustion test A Parr1551 Water Cooler is furnished
with the 1271 Calorimeter forthis purpose It will provide auniform supply of cold water ina temperature range from 5˚ Cto 10˚ C with sufficient capacityto accommodate two 1271Calorimeters in a dual setupA similar cooler No 1552 witha smaller capacity is furnishedwith the 1281 Calorimeter
The 1552 Water Cooler isoffered for those users who
plan to use the 1563 WaterHandling System with their1266 or 1356 Calorimeter Thewater cooler removes fromthe system the heat producedin the combustion processThe 1552 Water Coolerproduces 65 galhr of cold water
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Oxygen Combustion Bombs
BombCombustion
Combustion with oxygen in a
sealed Parr Bomb is a reliableprocedure whose effectivenessstems from its ability to treatanalytical samples quickly andconveniently within a closedsystem without losing any of the sample or its combustionproducts Combustion is rapidreleasing all of the heatobtainable from the sample andoxidizing all sulfur and otherelements in the sample to
soluble forms which are easilyrecovered for chemical analysis
The 1108 OxygenBomb
The 1108 Bomb is the standard
342mL general purpose bombused in all Parr 1266 1356 and1341 Calorimeters and in the1901 Bomb CombustionApparatus described in Bulletin4700 It will safely burn samplesliberating up to a maximum of 8000 calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressuresup to 40atm
The standard 1108 Bomb ismade of a special columbium
stabilized stainless steelselected for its resistance to themixed nitric and sulfuric acidsproduced in a bombcombustion This superior alloyis suitable for most combustiontests yet neither it nor any
other stainless steel will resistthe corrosive atmosphereproduced when burningsamples containing halogen
compounds
The 1108CLChlorine-Resistant Bomb
Parr now offers a chlorine-resistant 1108CL Bomb whichis the same as the standard1108 model but with a headand cylinder made of an alloywith superior corrosionresistance to the free chlorine
and halogen acids releasedwhen burning chlorinatedsamples Users who intend totest waste materials andcombustible halogen solventsare urged to select the 1108CLBomb instead of 1108 for itslonger service life underextremely corrosive conditions
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
1104 Bomb1131-1136 Bomb1108 Bomb
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Oxygen Combustion
Bombs
macr
1107 Bomb1105 Bomb
1131-1136 CLOxygenCombustionBombs
Parr offers a bomb made of chlorine resistant material forboth of the fixed headcalorimeters
The head and cylinder aremade of an alloy with superiorcorrosion resistance to the freechlorine and halogen acidsreleased when burning chlori-nated samples Users thatintend to test waste materialand combustible solvents are
urged to select the CL version
Special PurposeBombs
Parr offers several specialpurpose oxygen bombs forcalorimetry and analyticalapplications in sizes from 22to 2000mL Two of the mostcommonly used bombs arelisted here Inquiries for other
applications are welcome1104 High Strength Bomb
This is a 240mL extra heavybomb for combustion tests with
samples that burn with extremeviolence It will handle samplesthat liberate up to 12000calories per charge usingoxygen charging pressures upto 45 atm This bomb should beused in place of the standardbomb when testing explosivesgun powders and fast-burningpropellants or when workingwith materials whosecombustion characteristics are
unknown or unpredictable1105C Platinum Lined
Bomb This is a 340mL Bombwith a full platinum lining forapplications requiring acompletely inert combustionchamber for analyticalapplications All normallyexposed inner surfaces arecovered with platinum and theelectrodes inlet tube and other
ORDERING GUIDE
1104 - High Strength Oxygen Bomb with
Capsule Cage and Loop Electrode Package
1104B - High Strength Oxygen Bomb
with Loop Terminal No Combustion Cage
No Capsule
1105C - Oxygen Bomb 340mL Platinum
Lined
1107 - Oxygen Bomb1108 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL Double Valve
1108CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL for
Chlorine Service
1131-1136 - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
1131-1136CL - Oxygen Bomb 342mL
for Chlorine Service
metal fittings are made of platinum alloyed with 10iridium for extra strengthPlatinum fuel capsules and fuse
wire are used to complete anall-platinum environment
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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34 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
The 1750 Proximate Analyzer
A rapid data processingsystem for collectingstoring calculating and
reporting the proximateanalysis of coal coke andrelated fuel samples as requiredin coal mine coal preparationplant coal burning utilitycommercial inspection andother industrial laboratories
The proximate analysis of a
coal sample is a tediousprocedure involving severalseparate weighings and thehandling of data from severalsources as needed to calculatebull Air-Dry Moisturebull Total Moisturebull Volatile Matterbull Fixed Carbonbull Ash
There is no way to avoid theindividual weighings and
heatings involved in theseseparate determinations butthe data entry data processingand reporting functions can bespeeded and simplifiedconsiderably using theconvenient microprocessorsystem provided in a Parr1750 Proximate Analyzer
A Fully IntegratedData Processing
SystemOperating in conjunction with
a moisture oven furnace andanalytical balance already onhand in a userrsquos laboratory the1750 Proximate Analyzer willbull Accept and retain all indi-
vidual weighings obtainedduring the series of stepsrequired to determine air-dry
moisture residual moisturevolatile matter fixed carbonand ash
bull Organize and store all test
data for up to 100 samples
accepting the data as itbecomes available from adigital balance Samples canbe weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting the data asgenerated organizing andstoring it in proper sequenceunder operator assignedsample numbers
bull Collect and store sulfur
values from a 1760 Sulfur
Analyzer to be included in aconsolidated laboratoryanalysis report
bull Collect and store sample
weights for calorimetric
determinations When a1750 Proximate Analyzer isused with a calorimeter the1750 Analyzer will provide allof the functions of a Balance
Interface Each weighing willbe shown on an LED displaybefore it is entered intomemory with the Analyzerprompting the operator to
identify each entry with avalid sample numberWeights can also be enteredfrom a keyboard TheAnalyzer will collect andhold all sample weights forcalorimetric determinationsuntil requested by thecalorimeter
bull Calculate proximate
analysis values (moisturevolatile matter fixed carbon
and ash) for each sample onany of four reference bases
bull As-received (AR)bull As-determined (AD)bull Dry (DRY)bull Dry ash-free (DAF)
bull Convert calorific and
sulfur values to any of themoisture reference baseslisted above
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
macr
bull Produce a consolidated
proximate analysis report
for each valid sample(including calorific valueand sulfur) by feeding allcollected reports to any of the following
bull Parr 17551756 40-columnprinter or an 80-columncommercial printer
bull Calorimeter with a printerbull Central computer
bull Laboratory or personalcomputer connected on aParr Smart Link
bull Produce full or partial
reports at any time for anindividual sample or for a fullrange of tests Reports caninclude all supporting rawdata or can be condensed toshow only final values
Use With
Existing SystemThe 1750 Analyzer does not
require a special oven furnaceor analytical balance Existingprocedures do not have to bechanged All drying and ashingoperations are performed inthe same oven and furnacenormally used for standardASTM proximate analysisprocedures The Analyzercan be programmed to
communicate with any of the commonly used digitalanalytical balances Samplescan be weighed and treated inany order with the Analyzeraccepting data from a balanceas generated organizing andstoring it under operatorassigned sample numbersThe operator can override the
automatic data system at anytime to enter weights manuallyif necessary Weights takenfrom a non-digital trip balanceor scale to determine air-dryloss (ADL) can be enteredmanually or the ADL valuecan be calculated and enteredseparately ADL values can alsobe determined automaticallyusing a 1750A Air-Dry LossInterface connected to a top
loading balance With thisarrangement the 1750 Analyzercan be instructed to obtainADLtotal moisture values directfrom the 1750A Interface
ConvenientKeyboardOperation
With the 1750 Analyzerconnected to a digital analyticalbalance each weighing will be
shown on the LED display onthe Analyzer for confirmationbefore it is entered intomemory The operator will thenuse the touch panel keyboard toidentify each entry as to the test(moisture ash volatile matteror air-dry loss) and the function(tare gross or final weight) towhich the data applies TheAnalyzer will also prompt theoperator to identify the data
with a valid sample numberbefore it is entered
SelectableReports
The user can select froma variety of pre-programmedoptions when obtaining finalreports from the AnalyzerProximate analysis can be
Air-Dry LossInterface
Air-dry loss determinations areusually made using large (1000 gram)samples on a top-loading balanceoften located in a facility outside of thelaboratory where other coal tests areperformed To facilitate the transfer of ADL test data to the Proximate AnalyzerParr offers the 1750A Air-Dry Loss
Interface which can be connecteddirectly to a digital top-loading balanceat the location where ADL weighingsare performed Tare gross and finalweights can then be collectedautomatically in the 1750A Interfaceand transmitted to the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer over a Smart Link forincorporation into the final proximateanalysis report Without thisarrangement ADL weighings mustbe entered into the Analyzer through
the keyboardThe 1750A Interface looks and
works exactly like the 1750 ProximateAnalyzer but it will be instructed togather and transmit only ADL dataAgain the user must specify the makeand model of his balance whenordering the 1750A Interface so that theproper communications protocols andcables can be furnished
macr
bull Model 1750 Proximate Analyzer
requires A597E Smart Link Cable
bull Model 1750A Air-Dry Loss
interface requires A597E2 Smart
Link Cable
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4049
macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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macr
macr36 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Proximate Analyzer
Continued
The Balance Interface
When the user wishes to install and operate his or heranalytical balance at some distance from the calorimeter abalance interface is necessary to assign the sample identifi-cation numbers to the weights When the balance is installednext to a Model 1266 1271 1281 or 1356 Calorimeter thesesample ID numbers are entered directly into the calorimeterusing its keyboard A balance interface is also required forentering sample weights into earlier Model 1261 and 1351
Calorimeters which did not have the multiple RS232C portsand only communicated over the Smart Link Network
Today the balance interface function is performed by aModel 1750 Proximate Analyzer which collects and storessample weights for the calorimetric determination and air-dried loss determination (see inset on page 35) as well as thetests which make up the proximate analysis
Data Storage
After each weighing the sample weight will be shown onthe interface display for confirmation before it is entered intomemory Weights can also be entered from a keyboard The
interface will prompt the operator to identify each entry witha valid sample number Data for up to 100 samples can beentered before information must be withdrawn to makeroom for additional entries Several options are available tospeed data entry with a minimum number of keystrokesBattery backup is provided to prevent accidental loss of dataif the power supply is interrupted
obtained for an individual sample or from a full range of tests All supporting raw data can be included in the reportor the report can be condensed to show only final values
Installation Assistance
Installation and operation of the 1750 Proximate Analyzershould proceed smoothly with little difficulty using thedetailed instructions furnished with each instrument Butsince each installation is unique users are urged to callthe Parr Instrument Company direct (309-762-7716) forassistance in adapting peripheral devices to a1750 Proximate Analysis System
VM CrucibleAn inexpensive 13mL
nickel-chromium alloy
crucible with an insert cover
for determining volatile
matter in coal and coke Will
withstand repeated heating to 1000˚ C without appreciable
change in tare weight but not recommended for
procedures requiring extreme corrosion resistance
Part No Description
3101 VM Crucible with Insert Cover
3102 VM Crucible without Cover
3103 Insert Cover for VM crucible
Pellet PressThe Parr Pellet
Press provides a
convenient and
inexpensive means
for compressing
powdered samples
into pellet or tablet
form for oxygen
bomb calorimetry
Although many
materials burn well as a loose powder others
such as benzoic acid must be pelletized for safe
and complete combustion
Pellets produced in the Parr press are cylindrical in
shape with flat ends Punch and die sets are inter-
changeable in the same basic press The 12 inch size is
most commonly used for bomb calorimetry Bulletin 2811
provides additional details and listings for the complete
press and separate punch and die sets in smaller sizes
Part No Description 2811 Pellet Press 12 Punch amp Die
2812 Pellet Press 14 Punch amp Die
2813 Pellet Press 38 Punch amp Die
2814 Pellet Press 18 Punch amp Die
2815 Pellet Press 30mm Punch amp Die
2816 Pellet Press 45mm Punch amp Die
Calorimeter Accessories
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4049
macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4149
The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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macr
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Calorimeter
Accessories
CalorimetricThermometersPrecision grade mercury-in-glass
thermometers approx 600mm long
made and tested in accordance
with ASTM E1 furnished with test
certificate and correction chart
Part No ASTM No Scale Range Smallest Sub-Div
1603 56C 19-35C 002˚
1621 116C 19-25C 001˚
1622 117C 24-30C 001˚
ThermometersReading LensA magnifier that clips onto any 6 to 16mm
diameter stem making it possible to
estimate readings to one-tenth of the
smallest scale division when used on a
Parr Calorimetric Thermometer
Part No Description
3003 Thermometer Reading Lens
Fuel CapsulesParr 43A- fuel capsules 25cm
dia x 1Ocm deep are used in all
1104 1105 1106 1108 1131 amp
1136 Oxygen Bombs
Part No Description
43AS Fuel Capsule Stainless Steel
43A3 Fuel Capsule Fused Silica
43A5 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium
43A6 Fuel Capsule Platinum-Rhodium with Rim217A Fuel Capsule Heavy (1104) C20
Tape for Volatile CompoundsPart No Description
517A 1-12 x 72 ydsroll 1 roll per Package
Gelatin CapsulesVolatile liquid samples to be burned in an
oxygen bomb can be weighed and handled
conveniently in these two piece capsules
Size 00 capsules hold 09mL
Part No Description
3601 Gelatin Capsules Size 00 Package of 100
Fuse Wire
Part No Description
45C10 Fuse Wire Ni-Cr Alloy 34 ga 10cm Card 1500 pcspackage
45C2 Fuse Wire Platinum 26 ga Priced Per Foot
45C3 Fuse Wire Platinum 36 ga 300cm
45C7 Fuse Wire Ni alloy 7cm Card 350 pieces
840DD2 Heat Wire for 1131 amp 1136 Oxygen Bombs
Ni-Cr Alloy 60 To Be Cut to 15 lengths
845DD Ignition Thread Cotton Ball Use As Auxiliary Fuse
in Oxygen Bombs
Benzoic AcidCalorific standard in powder or
pellet form for standardizing all
oxygen bomb calorimeters
Part No Description
3403 Benzoic Acid Power 30g Bottle
3413 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Vial of 15
3414 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 30
3415 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 100
3416 Benzoic Acid 10 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3417 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 500
3418 Benzoic Acid 02 gram Pellets Bottle of 1000
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4249
The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349
40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449
Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549
42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649
4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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The1672Calorimetric Thermometer
The 1672 CalorimetricThermometer is a highprecision temperature
measuring system developedprimarily to provide automatictemperature measurements inthe 1341 Plain Calorimeter Itimproves the precision and
gives some of the convenienceobtainable with 1266 and 1356automatic models It alsoprovides data logging compu-tation and communicationcapabilities that will speed andsimplify the test procedure forany static jacket calorimeter Itcan be used as well for otherlaboratory applicationsrequiring precise temperaturemeasurements combined with
the additional featuresdescribed below
A UniqueElectronic Design
The 1672 Thermometeroperates in two ranges 0-70˚ Cwith a thermistor and 0-600˚ Cwith a platinum resistance(RTD) probe using a micro-processor to linearize thetemperature signal and provide
excellent resolution and preciserepeatability over eachoperating range An automaticself-calibrating capability fordifferential temperaturemeasurements and otherunique features are includedin this electronic design
CalorimeterFunctions
In addition to measuringtemperatures the 1672Thermometer will perform anumber of special functionsdesigned specifically forthe 1341 Calorimeter It willdetermine the net temperaturerise apply all necessary correc-tions and calculate and report
the heat of combustion in unitsselected by the operator It willalso accept weights enteredfrom the keyboard
Data Logging andDisplay
Temperature operatorprompts and error messagesare shown on a two-line40-character display Data canbe taken at any rate specified
by the user and transmitted inreal time to a Parr 1755 Printeror to a computer via an RS232Ccommunication port on thethermometer An alternative isto store data in the instrumentbuffer with a capacity of 1600data points This data can betransmitted later as a block
Analog Output
The thermometer has a 0-10
volt analog output The zeroand full scale readings can beset at any combination of temperatures to obtain ananalog signal matched to thefull operating range Thisfeature is particularly usefulwhen temperatures are plottedon a strip chart and the nettemperature rise is determinedby graphic interpolation
Specifications
Probe type Thermistor PlatinumThermometer range 0-70˚ C 0-600˚ CResolution 00002˚ C 0002˚ CAbsolute accuracy
without calibration +- 0 100˚ C +- 03 +005T˚ Cwith calibration +- 00500˚ C +- 015 +002T˚ C
Repeatabilitysingle point +- 0002˚ C +- 005˚ C
Linearity 10˚ C span +- 0002˚ C naAnalog output 0-10 volts 0-10 voltsCommunications port RS232C RS232CData logging capacity 1600 points 1600 points
ORDERING GUIDE
The 1672 Calorimetric Thermometer must be ordered with either a 1168E or a 1180E ThermistorProbe and 2902 Ignition Unit
Model No Voltage Description (Select part no for voltage required)
1672EB 115V 5060Hz Calorimetric Thermometer without thermistor
1672EE 230V 5060Hz or RTD probe
1168E Thermistor Probe 0-70˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
1180E RTD Probe (platinum resistance)
0-600˚ C 18 Dia 12 Length
2902EB 115V 5060Hz Ignition Unit for use with a 1672
2902EE 230V 5060Hz Thermometer
1672 Calorimetric Thermometerwith 1168E Thermistor Probe
38 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
1672 Calorimetric
Thermometer
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The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
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40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
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Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
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macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4249
The 1760 SulfurAnalyzer providesa rapid reliable
system for determiningsulfur in solid and liquidfuels combustiblewastes and other mate-rials following thecalorific value test It is amoderately priced analyzer forlaboratories where sulfur deter-minations are run on an inter-
mittent basis and wherereliable results with goodrepeatability are required
The sulfur determination ismade using the calorimetricsample no additional sample orweighing is required Theoperator transfers the bombwashings to the Analyzer andcan obtain a value in fiveminutes for sulfur values
ranging from 01 ndash 5 Fullcommunication capabilities areavailable for transferring sulfurand total acid values to acalorimeter or computer
Long RecognizedProcedure
ASTM standard methods fordetermining sulfur in solid andliquid fuels are based upon the
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Calorimeter Accessories
3Calorimeter
Accessories
Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer
The 1760 Sulfur Analyzer shownwith accessories
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Voltage Description
1760 115V230V Sulfur Analyzer complete with
5060Hz accessories
1722 Smart Link Board
1723 RS232C Printer Output Board
A597E Smart Link Cable 25 feet
A963E Cable Used for 1723-1755
analysis of the bomb washings The 1760Sulfur Analyzer replaces the gravimetricdetermination of sulfate with a micro-processor controlled titration of solublesulfates The end point is determined by anion selective electrode
Comparison Tests
Tests show the 1760 Sulfur Analyzer candetermine sulfur values within a repeata-bility interval approximately one ndash half that
allowed by current ASTMISO methods
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 Computer Interface
The 1745 ComputerInterface is a generalpurpose module used to
connect a personal computerwith RS232C communicationscapability onto the Smart Linknetwork It contains all of thememory and communications
protocols needed to translatethe computer request for datato the Smart Link receive andacknowledge receipt of the dataAccess to Smart Link intrumentscan be done through theinterface using the Parr 1746Coal Lab Software program (see
page 44) Details of the interfacecommand set and the structureof the ASCII files are provided inthe Instruction Manual furnishedwith the 1745 Interface
The 1747ComputerInterface
The 1747 Computer Interfaceis designed to connect any PC
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface
1747 Computer Interface Board with 1746
Coal Lab Software Program
A597E Cable (Required)
compatible computer onto the Smart LinkNetwork and use the Parr 1746 Coal LabSoftware program Users writing their ownprogram should purchase the 1745 generalpurpose interface The 1747 Interfaceconsists of a single circuit board to beinstalled in the expansion slot in any PCcompatible computer It is furnished with acompiled version of the 1746 Program and
performs the same functions for the MS-DOS system that the 1745 general purposeinterface provides
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349
40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449
Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549
42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649
4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749
macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4349
40 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Accuracy and Precision
Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Precision is defined as theagreement between thenumerical value of two or moremeasurements that have beenmade in an identical fashionThere are several methods forreporting the precision of results
The deviation from the meanis a common method for
describing precision Thespread or range of a set of data(the numerical differencebetween the highest and lowestresult) is also a measure of precision Still another is thestandard deviation It is oftenconvenient to indicate theprecision relative to the meanvalue in terms of percentages
Accuracy
The term accuracy denotesthe nearness of a measurementto its accepted value and isexpressed in terms of errorThis error can be expressedeither as an absolute quantityor as a percentage relative tothe accepted value Accuracyinvolves a comparison withrespect to a true or acceptedvalue In contrast precisioncompares a result with other
measurements made in thesame way The accepted valuemay itself be subject toconsiderable uncertaintyAs a result it is sometimes
difficult to arrive at a realisticestimate for the error forcertain measurements
RepeatabilityReproducibilityand Bias
ASTM uses three terms toaccount for the variation in testresults for a given test method
RepeatabilityRepeatability is defined as
the smallest variation occurringwith replicated values on thesame material obtained underreasonably similar conditionsusually within a singlelaboratory This value isoften stated as the differencebetween successive resultsClearly this is the sameas precision
Bias
Bias refers to the differencebetween a population mean of the measurements or testresults and an acceptedreference or true value Clearlythis is the same as accuracy
Reproducibility
The largest variation intest results or measurements
occurs with values obtainedfor example in differentlaboratories which will involvedifferent units of the specifiedequipment and differentoperators This measure is
referred to as reproducibilityThis value is often stated as thedifference between two singleand independent resultsobtained by different operatorsworking in different laboratorieson identical test material
ASTM refers to this as analternate measure of precisionHowever this quantity isdependent upon both theinherent precision (repeata-
bility) of a test method as wellas the accuracy (bias) of bothmeasuring instruments Thereproducibility may also beinfluenced by factors such assampling of the test materialAs a result reproducibility canbe considered a hybrid term
In general the reproducibilitywill be related to precision andaccuracy assuming theyrsquoreboth normally distributed and
expressed as a standarddeviation as follows
Reproducibility = square root
([precision] 2 + [accuracy] 2 )
This relationship assumesthere are no other factors suchas sampling related factorsinfluencing the intra-laboratorymeasurements or results
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449
Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549
42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649
4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749
macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4449
Communications
Direct Link Connections
Smart Link Network
Smart Link Devices
Coal Lab Software
4Communic-
ations
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4549
42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649
4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749
macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
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42 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
4Communi-
cations
Automated
Data Handling
macr
Automated Data Handling
There are two ways inwhich laboratory devicescan be connected to
permit the transfer of dataand results between testinstruments and to laboratorycomputers These are the directconnection of the devices andthe use of a local area networkParr offers the user instrumentsdesigned and equipped towork in either of these
configurations
DirectConnection
The simplest connectionmethod is the direct connectionof the devices using theindustry standard RS-232C dataport Parr 1266 1271 1281 and1356 Calorimeters are equippedwith three of these connections
one for an attached printer onefor a connection to an analyticalbalance used for inputtingsample weights and one forconnecting to a laboratorycomputer for reporting resultsMost users will prefer toconnect their instrumentsdirectly if they are operating asingle computer with theirbalance and PC type computerlocated in close proximity of
the calorimeter
Smart Link Network
A second more versatileconnection method involvesthe use of a local area network(LAN) A local area networkoffers the following advantages
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
Analytical Balance
Printer
Any RS232C Computer
Direct Connection
over the simpler directconnection method
bull An unlimited number of devices can be interconnected
bull A broader range of data canbe shared
bull A wider variety of instru-ments can be interconnected
bull Devices need not be locatedin close proximity to each other
Parr developed and
equipped its products tooperate on a LAN called theldquoSmart Linkrdquo twenty years agoThe devices designed for useon or which can be adapted tocommunicate over the SmartLink are listed on page 43Users will want to considerinstalling this network if theirrequirements include one ormore of the followingcharacteristics
bull The use of more than onecalorimeter in the laboratory
bull The use of one analyticalbalance to weigh samples formore than one calorimeter
bull The use of a separatebalance to weigh samples forproximate analysis
bull The need to connect aseparate air dried loss balance
bull The need to connect sulfurreporting instruments
bull The need to report to morethan one computer
ldquoSmart Linkrdquo devices aredesigned around the IEEE 422protocol allowing datatransmission over distancesto up to 1000 meters
R S 2 3 2 C
R S 2 3 2 C
R S
2 3 2 C
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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649
4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749
macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4649
4Communi-
cations
Smart Link Devices
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Parr Smart Link Devices
Currently the following devices areavailable for incorporation in SmartLink networks
bull All 1281 1271 1261 1266 1351 and1356 Calorimeters can receive sampleweights and sulfur correction valuescompute and send calorimetric valuesand test data
bull 1750 Proximate Analyzer can collect
sample weights It can also collect weightsand compute moisture volatile matterfixed carbon and ash combining thesewith sulfur and calorimetric data to reporta complete analysis for coal samples
bull 1750A Air-Dry Loss Interface can recordADL weights from a digital balance andsend them to a 1750 Proximate Analyzerfor incorporation into a proximateanalysis report
bull 1760 Sulfur Analyzer can receivesample weights from a calorimeter or
controller and send sulfur and acid valuesto a calorimeter
bull 1742 Sulfur Interface can receive sulfurvalues from a Leco 32 or 132 SulfurAnalyzer and send them to a calorimeter
bull 1745 Computer Interface can poll all of the devices on a Smart Link receive storedresults and transfer them to any computerattached via an RS232C port
bull 1747 Computer Interface Boardfits into the expansion slot on a PC andperforms the same functions as the
1745 Computer Interface
1750A ADL Interface
Air Dry Balance
1760 Sulfur Analyzer
1742 Sulfur Interface
Leco Sulfur
1745 ComputerInterface
1281 1271 1266 1356Calorimeter
1755 Printer
1750 ProximateAnalyzer
Analytical Balance
1747 PC Board
PC
Any RS232CComputer
Smart Link NetworkmdashCoal Lab
macr
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749
macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4749
macr4
Communi-
cations
Coal Lab Software
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Communications
Coal Lab Software
Three HardwareSoftware Options
Parr offers three approachesfor transferring calorimetric andrelated data and results to apersonal laboratory or centralcomputer The simplest of theseutilizes the direct connectionbetween the RS232C port on thecalorimeter and the corre-sponding communications port
on a PC to transfer the data intoa standard commercial filestructure for archiving reportgeneration and analysis Themore elaborate option uses theSmart Link to access multipleinstruments over a singlecommunications line The SmartLink based program is offered intwo versions one independentof hardware type other than therequired RS232C connection
port and one designed specifi-cally for internal integrationinto PC based hardware
Direct ConnectionSoftware
The 1748 Software Programreceives the data transmittedby the calorimeter and places itinto a flat ASCII file on disc inthe PC The program isWindows based and is equipped
with an easy to use graphicaluser interface The test reportdata can be accessed by SampleID number from the PC andhandled in one of two waysThe test report data can bedisplayed on the screen forquick review or saved to adisc file for archiving orincorporation into a database
Smart Link BasedSoftware
The 1746 Coal Lab Softwareprogram has been designed toprovide access to all devicesconnected to a Smart LinkNetwork from a computerterminal It is not necessary tointerrupt testing or even visitthe laboratory to collect dataand results using this network
and programThere are essentially twoparts in the 1746 Program whichare well integrated and proceedautomatically In the first phasethe operator initiates a requestfor data to be transferred fromone or more of the testinstruments to the computerThis data is then collected andfiled in the computer file Theoperator can choose to transfer
a single test a range of tests orall available tests drawing froma single instrument or from anycombination of instruments heselects The response to suchrequests is a rapid block transferof the requested data Theoperation requires only a shorttime leaving the computer freefor other tasks during a greater
portion of the dayIn the second or reporting
phase many options areavailable to the user through theoperating menu Results can bedisplayed for on-screen reviewor on a printout These can beeither final results only or finalresults with raw data Reportscan be selected for a singlesample or for a range of samples and formatted to
include any combination of tests or bases The programwill check for duplicate samplenumbers
The program files are builtusing a standard datamanagement applicationprogram (dBase) This permitsthe reliable handling andarchiving of the full range of both raw data and test resultsAn included report generator
function permits the user tocustomize his or her reports asdesired It also permits the rapidexpansion of the program toinclude statistical analysisbilling and word processingcapabilities Reporting andarchiving functions can beexpanded stripped down ormodified as needed
ORDERING GUIDE
Model No Description
1745 Computer Interface for connecting a personal or lab
computer onto a Smart Link via RS232C protocol
1746 Parr Coal Lab Software Program
1747 Smart Link Connection Board for PC compatible computer
(includes 1746 Software Program)
1748 Direct Connection Software for use with 1266 1271 1281
and 1356 Calorimeters and PCrsquos
44
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4849
The PARR Warranty
Parr Instrument Company (Parr) combustion bombs calorimeters andassociated products are designed and manufactured only for use by orunder the direct supervision of trained professionals in accordance with
specifications and instructions for use supplied with the products For thatreason Parr sells only to professional users or distributors to such users Parrproduces precision equipment and associated products which are not
intended for general commercial use
Exclusive Warranty
To the extent allowed by law the express and limited warranties herein
are the sole warranties Any implied warranties are expressly excludedincluding but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitnessfor a particular purpose
Express Warranties
Subject to the above Conditions Parr expressly warrants that its productsAre as described in the applicable Parr sales literature or as specified in
Parr shipping documentsWill function as described in corresponding Parr sales bulletins or for
specifically engineered assemblies as stated in the sales proposal andpurchase agreement
Will remain free from defects in materials and workmanship for one yearfrom date of delivery of the product to the original purchaseruser Note thatthere is no guarantee of a service life of one year after delivery
Limitations On The Parr Warranty
As to the original purchaseruser and to the distributors to such users Parrlimits its liability for claims other than personal injury as follows
Replacement or repair With respect to express warranties herein Parrrsquosonly obligation is to replace or repair any parts assemblies or products notconforming to the warranties provided herein
Disclaimer of consequential damages In no event shall Parr be liable
for consequential commercial damages including but not limited to damagesfor loss of use damages for lost profits and damages for resulting harm toproperty other than the Parr product and its component parts
Oxygen Bomb Calorimeters mdash Warranty
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back
7282019 Calorimegravetre
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcalorimetre 4949
There are a few things you need to know tosuccessfully navigate this Catalog on CD-ROM
bull The pages will appear in ldquofull-pagerdquo view To zoom in to read any particular
section use the zoom tool in the tool bar or simply click on any subhead or the first
few lines of any section A ldquoGrabber Handrdquo lets you move the page in the window
during zoomed in views
bull A Table of Contents is always available to navigate to the pages you are inter-
ested in Or you can page through one at a time using the page tools in the tool bar
bull If a section continues to or from another page you will see this symbol
Click on it to go forward and backbull All illustrations are clickable and will enlarge for a closer view
How to Navigate through
this PDF Document
Table of ContentsClick to go directly to
View Menu
Zoom Tool
Scroll Handallows you toldquoGrabrdquo the page
to see more
while zoomed in
To Page 1
Backward1 Page
Cli k hAdjust view with preset
Thumb
Use the Scroll Arrowsor the ldquoThumbrdquo to scroll
through each pagewhen zoomed in
Forward1 Page
To Last Page
Actual Size
Fit in Window
Fit Width
macr
macr
Back