Capitulo v - Los Geosinteticos

7/25/2019 Capitulo v - Los Geosinteticos

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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

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ESCUELA ACADMICA PROFESIONAL DEINGENIERIA CIVIL

TEMA:

LOS GEOSINTTICOS


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E.A.P INGENIERA CIVIL

TRABAJO N 08

DOCENTE : Ing. Ericka Selene GarcaEchevarra

ALUMNOS :Tenaza !ig"era# $a%hleen&'le( Ca'rera# An%hn)

G(%ir M"rrie%a# *(+Echevarra Or%ega# ,arr)&a-( S%# MarcGnzale( Mea# GergeGallar/ Sl(# Mig"el

CU&SO : Ma%eriale( /e Cn(%r"cci0n

CICLO : III

G&UO :2

HUNUCO_ PER

INTROUCCION.

LOS GEOSINTTICOS


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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

El 3re(en%e %ra'a ('re 4LOS GEOSINTTICOS5 (e realiz0 cn el 6n /e /ara cncer ) /e cncer n(%r( -i(-(# c- e(%"/ian%e(# ('re (" "("e e( nve/( ) crecien%e 3r (" 89cil a3licaci0n: /an/ a cncer ca/a/e%alle /e e(%e %e-a# (" /e6nici0n# (" cla(i6caci0n# ("( a3licacine(# ("(

8"ncine(# e%c.L( Ge(in%+%ic( (n -a%eriale( "%iliza/( 3ara -erar la( 3r3ie/a/e( /el( ("el(# /n/e 3(een 3r3ie/a/e( -ec9nica( e hi/r9"lica(# ;%ile( 3aracier%( ("el(. C- %a-'i+n vienen hacer -a%eriale( 8a'rica/( a 3ar%ir /evari( %i3( /e 3l-er( /eriva/( /el 3e%r0le.

L( Ge(in%+%ic( e(%9 cn8r-a/ cla(i6ca/ 3r /i8eren%e( %i3( /e-a%eriale( "e e( ;%il en la carrera /e ingeniera civil# la( c"ale( (n"i/(# (e3arar ("el(/e /i8eren%e( carac%er(%ica(# re8rzar ("el( /+'ile( ) 3r%eger a la(ge-e-'rana( /e l( 3(i'le( /a?( /e 3ie/ra( ang"lare( " %r('e%(. "e/en (er /e li+(%er /e li3r3ilen.

Tipos de Geoteti!es" se#$% e! p&o'eso de s( )*+&i'*'i,%-

Ge%e=%ile( N Tei/(

Ge%e=%ile( Tei/(

Tipos de Geoteti!es" se#$% e! po!/e&o de s( )*+&i'*'i,%-

Ge%e=%ile( /e li+(%er

Ge%e=%ile( /e li3r3ilen

APLICACIONES: "e/en "%ilizar(e 3ara a3licacine( /e Se3araci0n/e Ma%eriale(# !il%raci0n# Drenae# Cn%rl /e la Er(i0n ) revenci0n/e la &e>e=i0n /e Grie%a(.

14.2.2GEOMEM0RANAS

Sn l9-ina( /e -") 'aa 3er-ea'ili/a/ "e (e e-3lean c-'arrera( hi/r9"lica(: (e 8a'rican en /iver(( e(3e(re( ) (e e-3acanc- rll( "e (e "nen en%re ( -e/ian%e %+cnica( /e %er-8"(i0n#e=%r"(i0n /e (l/a/"ra# -e/ian%e a3licaci0n /e a/he(iv(# (lven%e(


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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

-e/ian%e v"lcaniza/# (eg;n (" na%"raleza "-ica. "e/en8a'ricar(e a 3ar%ir /e /iver(( 3l-er(< @C la(%i6ca/# lie%ilen/e Al%a Den(i/a/# li3r3ilen.

La( Ge-e-'rana( /e lie%ilen /e Al%a Den(i/a/ EADB (e8a'rican en rll( anch(# /e 7.- -9(# ) en e(%a 3re(en%aci0n (ee-'arcan al (i%i /e la 'ra# /n/e (e "nen "n( cn %r( -e/ian%ee"i3 /e %er- 8"(i0n ) e=%r"(i0n /e (l/a/"ra /el -i(- 3l-er.

APLICACIONES:E( "n 3r/"c% i/eal 3ara i-3er-ea'ilizar e-'al(e() lla( /e ag"a# canale( /e rieg# %an"e( ) ci(%erna(. Se "%ilizan 3arael reve(%i-ien% /e /e30(i%( /e ag"a lag(# 3re(a(# e(%an"e(B#3lan%a( /e %ra%a-ien%# rellen( (ani%ari(# (ella/ /e grie%a( en3re(a( ) %"'(# e%c.

1..F GEOMALLAS


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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

Sn ele-en%( %ri/i-en(inale( 3er cn la carac%er(%ica /e (er-n 'irien%a/a(. Sn 8a'rica/a( /e 3lie%ilen /e al%a /en(i/a/"e (e "%ilizan 3ara /i(%ri'"ir la carga "e %ran(-i%en %erra3lene(#ci-en%acine( ) 3avi-en%(# ('re %erren( /e 'aa ca3aci/a/3r%an%e# 'ien c- ele-en%( /e re8"erz a la %en(i0n"ni/ireccinal# en -"r( /e cn%enci0n ) %al"/e(. E=i(%en gere/e("nia=iale( ) 'ia=iale( (eg;n la na%"raleza /el re8"erz "e3r3rcinan a la( e(%r"c%"ra(.

Po& s( )(%'io%*/ie%to" !*s Geo&edes so% de dos tiposp&i%'ip*!es-

Geo&edes 0i*i*!es# "e 3(een re(i(%encia a la %en(i0n en el(en%i/ /e (" 8a'ricaci0n a l larg /e l( rll(B ) %a-'i+nen el (en%i/ %ran(ver(al al an%erir.

Geo&edes U%i*i*!es# "e 3(een re(i(%encia a la %en(i0n;nica-en%e en el (en%i/ /e 8a'ricaci0n.

Po& s( F!ei+i!id*d" se tie%e%-

Geo&edes R#id*s# "e (e 8a'rican -e/ian%e 3rce(( /e 3ree(8"erz /el 3l-er# 3ri-r/ial-en%e li3r3ilen )lie%ilen /e Al%a Den(i/a/.

APLICACIONES: ara -"r( /e cn%enci0n e(%a'iliza/(-ec9nica-en%e# re8"erz /e %al"/e( ine(%a'le(# 3ara vivien/a(# 3aracarre%era( viali/a/e(# 3ara e(%acina-ien%(# 3ara e(%a'ilizaci0n /e("el( 'lan/(# incre-en% /e ca3aci/a/ /e carga en el ("el#re/i(%ri'"ci0n /e e(8"erz( en el ("el# re8"erz /e 3avi-en%(# 3araci-en%acine( ("3er6ciale( 3ara e(%r"c%"ra(# e%c.
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14.2.4 GEOCOMPUESTOS.

E( /i(e?a/ e(3ec6ca-en%e 3ara e(%a'ilizaci0n /e ("el( /n/e (ere"iere %an% re8"erz c- (e3araci0n /e "na 'a(e gran"la/a ) "n("'("el -") 6n. Unien/ "n ge%e=%il n %ei/ a "na ge-alla# l"e 3er-i%e "na gran in%eracci0n cn el ("el re8rza/. Se "(an

3ri-r/ial-en%e en el cn6na-ien% /e ("'(%ancia( 3eligr(a(# c-ele-en% 3ara (ellar even%"ale( 3er8racine( en la( Ge-e-'rana("%iliza/a( c- 'arrera 3ri-aria. Se 8a'rican en rll( "e (e%ra(la3an ) "nen en%re (# "%ilizan/ 'en%ni%agran"lar 'a l( %ra(la3e(.

BENEFICIOS

evi%ar 3re(ine( hi/r(%9%ica( en ele-en%( /ecn%enci0n

ca3%ar ) cn/"cir re(i/"( 3eligr((

-ini-izar la 3re(encia /e h"-e/a/

3revenir /e%erir( 8rec"en%e( en la( 'ra(


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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

i-3e/ir encharca-ien%( e-3za-ien%(

r-3er la ca3ilari/a/ en %erren(

(a%"ra/( n re"iere -an / 'ra e(3ecializa/a

re/"ce c(%( / 'ra

APLICACIONES DE GEOCOMPUESTOS

3ara -"r( / cn%enci0n.

3ara rellen (ani%ari

%;nele(# ca-3( /e3r%iv(# e%c.

14.2. GEOCELDAS.

La( Gecel/a( (n -a%eriale( cn e(%r"c%"ra( %ri/i-en(inale( /egran 3eral%e ) 8r-a r-'i/e# hecha a 'a(e /e %ira( 3er8ra/a(8a'rica/a( /e 3lie%ilen 3li3r3ilen "e (e "%ilizan 3ara cn%enerrellen( en %al"/e(# cn el 'e%iv /e evi%ar (" /e(liza-ien% )er(i0n. Ta-'i+n (e "%ilizan 3ara cn6nar -a%eriale( /en%r /e ("(cel/a( ) cn(%r"ir 3la%a8r-a( re8rza/a(# cn -a)r ca3aci/a/ /e/i(%ri'"ci0n /e la carga: en e(%a a3licaci0n# el 3r/"c% 3reviene la8alla 3r /e(3laza-ien% la%eral /el rellen 'a la( carga( i-3"e(%a(.
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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

L( ge(in%+%ic( ac%;an 3ara(e3arar /( ca-a/a( /e ("el "e%ienen /i8eren%e( /i(%ri'"cine( /e

3ar%c"la(. O i-3i/e el cn%ac%en%re /( ("3er6cie( /e /i(%in%a(3r3ie/a/e( 8(ica(. L c"al evi%a ("-ezcla ) cn%a-inaci0n# a"n"e3er-i%e le >" li're 3r ee-3l# l( ge%e=%ile( (n "(a/(3ara 3revenir "e -a%eriale( /e 'a(e 3ene%ren ("el( 'lan/(/e e(%ra%( ("')acen%e(# -an%enien/ la e(3e("ra /e /i(e? )la in%egri/a/ /e la va.

En la 8"nci0n /e (e3ara/r (e /e'e %ener en c"en%a la((ig"ien%e( 8"ncine(< re(i(%encia a la %racci0n# re(i(%encia al3"nzna-ien%#

14..2 Fi!t&*'i,%-

L( ge(in%+%ic( ac%;an en 8r-a (i-ilar a "n 6l%r /e arena3er-i%ien/ el -vi-ien% /e ag"a a%rav+( /el ("el ) re%enien/ la(3ar%c"la( %ra/a( 3r el >". ree-3l# l( ge%e=%ile( (n "(a/( 3ara3revenir la -igraci0n /e agrega/( /el( ("el( la 8r-aci0n /e canalc"l(c"an/ (e %iene /renae en el (i(%e-a.L( ge%e=%ile( (n "(a/( %a-'i+n/e'a /e 4ri3ra35 ) %r( -a%eriale( en(i(%e-a( /e 3r%ecci0n 3ara 3revenir la er(i0n /el ("el c-en %erra3lene( /e r( ) c(%a(.

14.. D&e%*6e-

L( ge(in%+%ic( ac%;an c- /rene( 3ara cn/"cir el >" a%rav+( /e ("el( -en( 3er-ea'le(. r ee-3l# l(

ge%e=%ile( (n "(a/( 3ara /i(i3ar la( 3re(ine( /e 3r en la'a(e /e %erra3lene( viari(. ara gran/e( >"( 8"ern/e(arrlla/( /rene( /e gec-3"e(%(. E(%( -a%eriale( han


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(i/ "(a/( c- /rene( /e can% en 3avi-en%(# /rene( /ein%erce3%aci0n en %al"/e(# ) /rene( /e cn%ra8"er%e( ) -"r( /ecn%enci0n. Drene( ver%icale( 3re8a'rica/( D@(B han (i/"(a/( 3ara acelerar la

cn(li/aci0n /e 8"n/acine(cn ("el( 'lan/( che(iv(/e'a /e %erra3lene( )rellen( 3revia-en%e carga/(.

14..4 Re)(e&7o-

L( ge(in%+%ic( ac%;an c-"n ele-en% /e re8"erz /en%r /e la -a(a /e ("el enc-'inaci0n cn el 3r3i ("el 3ara 3r/"cir "n c-3"e(%

"e -ere la( 3r3ie/a/e( /e re(i(%encia ) /e8r-aci0n. ree-3l# ge%e=%ile( )ge-alla( (n "(a/( 3araa/icinar re(i(%encia a %racci0na la -a(a /e ("el ) 3(i'ili%ar3are/e( /e ("el re8rza/ver%icale( ca(i ver%icale(. L(re8"erz( 3er-i%en lacn(%r"cci0n /e %erra3lene( al

'r/e /e %al"/e( cn -a)re(9ng"l( "e l( 3(i'le( cn ("el n re8rza/. L(ge(in%+%ic( general-en%e ge-alla(B han (i/ "(a/( 3arac"'rir cavi/a/e( "e (e 3"e/en generar /e'a /e ca-a/a(gran"lare( (-e%i/a( a carga carre%era( ) va( /e 8errcarrilB /e'a /e (i(%e-a( /e c"'ier%a en rellen( (ani%ari(.

14..Co%t&o! de E&osi,%-

L( Ge(in%+%ic( ac%;an 3ara re/"cir la er(i0n /el ("elca"(a/ 3r el i-3ac% /e ll"via( ) e(crren%a /e ag"a( /e("3er6cie. r ee-3l# -an%a( %e-3rale( /e ge(in%+%ic( )%a3e%e( livian( 3er-anen%e( /e ge(in%+%ic( (n clca/(('re l( %al"/e( evi%an/ la e=3(ici0n /el ("el.


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2arrera( /e ge%e=%il (n "(a/(en la re%enci0n /e 3ar%c"la(%ra/a( 3r la e(crren%a("3er6cial. Alg"n( %a3e%e( /e

cn%rl /e er(i0n (n hech("(an/ 6'ra( /e -a/era'i/egra/a'le(. L( ge%e=%ile((n "(a/( %a-'i+n en %ra(a3licacine(. r ee-3l# (n"(a/( en 3avi-en%( /e a(8al%re8rza/ ) en e(%ra%( /ea-r%ig"aci0n 3ara 3revenir3"nci0n en ge-e-'rana(

-e/ian%e la re/"cci0n /e 3re(i0n /e l( 3"n%( /e cn%ac%B3r 3ie/ra( en el ("el a/)acen%e# /e(ech( agrega//"ran%e la in(%alaci0n ) (ervici. L( ge(in%+%ic( han (i/"(a/( c- c"'ier%a( en la ("3er6cie /e rellen( (ani%aria(3ara 3revenir la /i(3er(i0n /e /e(ech( ("el%( /e'i/ al vien% a ave(.

ANLISIS E INTERPRETACI!N

De/"ci-( "e l( GEOSINTTICOS Sn -a%eriale( "%iliza/( 3ara-erar la( 3r3ie/a/e( /el ("el. Dn/e (" "( e( nve/( )


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crecien%e 3r (" 89cil a3licaci0n# 3(een 3r3ie/a/e( -ec9nica( ehi/r9"lica ;%ile( 3ara cier%( ("el(.

Den%r /e la cla(i6caci0n /e l( Ge(in%+%ic(# 3/e-( /i8erenciaren%re l( Ge%e=%ile( ) la( ge-alla(: /n/e l( Ge%e=%ile( (n8a'rica/( /e 6'ra( (in%+%ica( c- el 3li+(%er el 3li3r3ilen "e(n ca3ace( /e re%ener 3ar%c"la( /e ("el( -a)re( "e el %a-a?/e ("( 3r(: ) la( ge-alla( (n 8a'rica/a( /e 3lie%ilen /e al%a/en(i/a/ ) %iene "na -a)r a/herencia al %erren( ) "na -a)r/"ra'ili/a/ en el -e/i "e l( Ge%e=%ile(.

De l a3ren/i/# /e/"ci-( "e L( 4Ge(in%+%ic(5 (n 3r/"c%( /e;l%i-a %ecnlga# c") ca-3 /e acci0n a'arca %e-a( c- elcn%rl /e la er(i0n# %ra%a-ien% /e al"vine(# /renae ) 6l%raci0n# rellen (ani%ari# en%re %r(.

Sn -a%eriale( "e (e 8a'rican a 3ar%ir /e vari( %i3( /e 3l-er( )"e (e "%ilizan 3ara -erar ) hacer 3(i'le la eec"ci0n /e cier%(3r)ec%( /e cn(%r"cci0n /e ingeniera civil ) ge%+cnica.

Ja vi(% an%erir-en%e l( Ge%e=%ile(# ge-alla( ) ge-en'rana( (e3"e/e /ecir "e (n "na n"eva ga-a /e 3r/"c%( 3ara lacn(%r"cci0n. S0l ha) "e elegir el -a%erial a/ec"a/. Sirven 3ara/renae# 6l%raci0n re8"erz. r (" e(%r"c%"ra/e l9-ina cn%in"a# "n ge(in%+%ic 3"e/e (e3ararha(%a /( %i3( /e ("el -a%eriale( /i8eren%e(.

De ac"er/ cn el 3rce( /e 8a'ricaci0n# l( Ge(in%+%ic( (e3"e/en cla(i6car en Ge(in%+%ic( %ei/( ) Ge(in%+%ic( n %ei/(.En l( Ge(in%+%ic( %ei/( la( 6'ra( "e l( c-3nen (e 3re(en%anen /( /ireccine( 3rinci3ale(# lla-a/a( %ra-a ) "r/i-'re )3er3en/ic"lare( en%re (. En l( Ge(in%+%ic( n %ei/( la( 6'ra(%ienen /ireccine( alea%ria(. En l( 3ri-er( el 3rce( /e3r/"cci0n e-3lea el calr 3ara "nir la( 6'ra(. En %an% "e en l((eg"n/(# la( 6'ra( (e "nen 3r "n 3rce( /e c-3ac%aci0n 3rag"a(.

Da/ el %e-a /e l( ge(in%e%ic(# la "%ilizaci0n /e l( -a%eriale( en(l"cine( /e ingeniera en general e( "na 3rac%ica a'(l"%a-en%ee=%en/i/a en %/ el -"n/ a(i "e el "( /e l( ge(in%e%ic(a'rin/a/ a la ingeniera "n al% rang en el c"al 3"e/e -erar ("("%ili/a/e( /e acci0n c"i/an/ l( rec"r(( na%"rale( ) "%ilizan/ l(-a%eriale( gran"lare( /e -anera '%i-a.

CONCLUSIONES


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El 3rce( /e in(%alaci0n /e l( Ge(in%+%ic( /e la( 'ra( (erelacinan (i-3le-en%e 3r l "e el cn%rl /e cali/a/ /e'e (er

e(%ric% cn el 6n /e evi%ar "e (e c-e%a errre( /"ran%e ("clcaci0n.

De(3"+( /e cncer 'reve-en%e el %e-a /e l( Ge(in%+%ic(3/e-( /ecir "e e(%( -a%eriale( %iene /i8eren%e( a3licacine(#3"e/en (er e-3ela/( en re8"erz /e %al"/e(# -era-ien% /e("el( ) %erra3lene(# en%re %r(# 8r-an/ 3ar%e /e /iver(a(e(%r"c%"ra(# l c"al hace "e el c-3r%a-ien% /e ella(# e(%en%i-a-en%e liga/ cn el -a%erial ge(in%+%ic.

Se 3"e/e /ecir "e l( Ge(in%+%ic( Se /ivi/en 3rinci3al-en%e en

Ge%e=%ile(# ge-alla( ) ge-en'rana(. L( 3ri-er( (n -a%eriale(%e=%ile( "e %ienen "na -enr Ka'er%"raK /e -alla "e la( ge-alla(#) (e "%ilizan 3ara realizar 8"ncine( /e 3r%ecci0n /i8eren%e( a e(%a(;l%i-a(# "e (e "%ilizan (la-en%e 3ara re8"erz.r (" 3ar%e la( ge-en'rana( (n l9-ina( 3li-+rica(i-3er-ea'le(# "%iliza/a( c- 'arrera /e l"i/( ) (0li/(.

Seg;n l( 8a'rican%e( %a-'i+n l( Ge(in%+%ic( (e 3"e/en cla(i6car(eg;n la -a%eria 3ri-a "e l( c-3nen.

L( ge (in%+%ic( c- ele-en%( /e 8r-e en n"e(%r 3ai( # %an%en la 8a(e /e /i(e? c- en la 3r9c%ica cn(%r"c%iva ha'i%"al# vienea (er (" %ra/icinal a(ciaci0n a (l"cine( /e reha'ili%aci0n 3ara6ne( rigi/(# cn ca3a( /e 6r-e c-3"e(%a( /e hr-ig( hi/r9"lic.

Cncl"i-( %a-'i+n "e l( -a%eriale( ge (in%+%ic( 3rvienen /el( 3li-er(

De ac"er/ cn el /e(arrll /el %e-a e(%"/ia/ llega-( a lacncl"(i0n "e l( ge (in%+%ic( (n -a%eriale( "e 8avrecen a lacn(%r"cci0n en -"ch( a(3ec%(# 'rin/an/ varia( -anera( /e

3/er "%ilizarla( )a (ea en /renae# 6l%raci0n# (e3araci0n# re8"erz#cn%rl /e er(i0n.

RECOMENACIONES


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L( Ge(in%+%ic( c- al%erna%iva /e (l"ci0n 3"e/en (er "%iliza/(en -"cha( a3licacine( en 'ra( civile( 3r ee-3l< ci-en%aci0n /e

e/i6ci(# e(%a'ili/a/ /e %al"/e(# rellen( (ani%ari(. Cn%rl /eer(i0n# 3r%ecci0n /e 'ra( c(%era(# e%c. r l "e el e(%"/i /ealg"na( /e e(%a( a3licacine( 3/ra (er -") i-3r%an%e realizar(een "n 8"%"r %ra'a /e gra/"aci0n.

Se /e'e /e cncer -") 'ien la( cla(i6cacine( /e l( Ge(in%+%ic(#(ien/ e(%a( l( Ge%e=%ile(# la( ge-alla(# la( ge-en'rana(# l(gec-3"e(%(# la( Gecel/a(# 3ara a( /i8erenciar en%re ella( ("('ene6ci( ) ("( a3licacine( en /icha( cn(%r"ccine(.

Se rec-ien/a el "( /e e(%( -a%eriale(# l( Ge(in%+%ic(# 3r l

"e re/"ce ) -ini-iza l( c(%( en la cn(%r"cci0n.

Se /e'e /e analizar a/ec"a/a-en%e la( 8"ncine( ) a3licacine( "e/e(e-3e?an l( Ge(in%+%ic( 3ara a( n c-e%er errre( /"ran%e("( clcacine(.

E( /e ("-a i-3r%ancia cncer a /e%alle el %e-a /el( Ge(in%+%ic(3r l "e Seg;n l( 8a'rican%e( %a-'i+n l( Ge(in%+%ic( (e 3"e/encla(i6car (eg;n la -a%eria 3ri-a "e l( c-3nen.

BIBLIOGRA"A


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L( a3"n%e( "e (e %-0 /"ran%e la( cla(e( /e la ING< E&IC$A S.

Garca Echevarra.

h%%3


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LOS GEOSINTTICOS

CARATULA.2INTRODUCCIN...

.3LOS GEOSINTETICOS

DEFINICI:N......4

CLASIFICACION DE LOS GEOSINTETICO..

5; GEOTEXTILES; GEOMEN0RANAS; GEOMALLAS; GEOCOMPUESTOS; GEOCELDAS

FUNCIONES O APLICACIONES UE DESEMPE5EN LOS

GEOSINTETICOS..............1

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Capitulo v - Los Geosinteticos