Career Development

Beginning of Career Choice•Career choice begin early:

▫Personal experience: Watching parents/neighbours Adult conversation Role Play Temporary/part-time work

•Early experience adolescent learn will continue developing career towards their interest.

•However career choice may change with maturity.

Stages in Career Development

•Since the age of 10 a child stars to think what they want to be when they grow up will continue until 24 yrs old.

•Pre adolescent period Career choice are based on ▫Fantasy/Dream▫Excitement/Adventure

Not on their ability

Stages in Career Development

•Early & middle adolescent choice of career change according to their interest, ability and their values.

•Late adolescent & early adult able to make a correct choice according to own ability, experience and knowledge. ▫Choice of career are more clearer and establish after succeeded entering college/higher learning institutions.

Theories

Theories in Career Choice/Development

•Ginzberg•Holland

Ginzberg’s Career Choice Theory

•Ginzberg (1972) suggested 3 stages people move through in choosing a career. Fantasy (11 & below) Tentative (11-17 yrs. old) Realistic (17/18 & above)

Stage 1: Fantasy •Choice of career (ambitions) are made based

on:▫Excitement & interesting▫Emotions & not practicality▫Child perceptions

* Fantasy period – the period of life when career choices are made – and discarded – without regard to skills, abilities, or available job opportunities

Stage 2: Tentative•Focus on self•Career choice based on 4 aspects:

▫Interest (11-12 years old)▫Capasity (13-14 years old)▫Values (15-16 years old)▫Transition (16-17 years old)▫Early adolescent interest play a major role but as

they grow older more matured start thinking about their ability.

▫Integration between interest and ability from the value system.

* Tentative period- the second stage which spans adolescence, in which people begin to think in pragmatic terms about the requirements of various jobs and how their own abilities might fit with those requirements

Stage 3: Realistic •Focus on career opportunity and market

demand. •Starts reviewing their aspiration, needs & interest,

their ability and occupational work demand. •Choice are also made based on:

▫Experience & achievement so far.▫Family influences▫Personal job influence

•Realistic period – the stage in late adolescence and early adulthood during which people can explore career options through job experience or training, narrow their choices, and eventually make a commitment to career

John Holland Theory of Career Choice

John Holland Personality –Type Theory•According to Holland (1959):

▫Individual personality influences a person choice of career .

▫6 types of basic personaliti 6 types of basic occupations

▫Only certain types of occupation suits a specific personality.

John Holland Theory of Career Choice•Personalities & basic environment:

▫Realistic▫Investigative▫Conventional▫Enterprising▫Artistic▫Social

John Holland Theory of Career Choice•Realistic – down-to earth, practical problem

solvers, physically strong, mediocre social skills•Intellectual/Investigative – theoretical and

abstract orientation, not particularly good with people

•Conventional – prefer highly structured tasks•Enterprising – risk takers and take-charge types,

good leaders•Artistic – use art to express themselves and

prefer the world of art to interactions with people •Social – verbal skills and interpersonal relations

are strong, good at working with people

John Holland Theory of Career Choice

•Realistic•Investigative•Conventional•Enterprising•Artistic•Social

• RealisticRealistic• InvestigativeInvestigative• ConventionalConventional• EnterprisingEnterprising• ArtisticArtistic• SocialSocial

YOUR Type of PERSONALITY Type of Suitable

JOB environment

Suits

Potential to succeed

Investigative/Intellectual•Like to investigate suitable to an abstract

type of occupation, intellectual and scientific.

•Not interested in Enterprising type of work

Individual Characteristic•Clever•Analytical•Independent•Rasional•Curious

Type of Occupation•Mathematicians•Chemist•Biologist•Physicist

Realistic•Prefer job in an objective environment does

not involve good communication skills, involves physical & related to technical and farming.

•Fav. type of work characteristics relate to machine, equipment, nature & athletic.

•Not interested in work related to Social

Individual Characteristic•Mechanical•Aggresive•Strong/athletic•Stuborn•Stern

Type of Occupation•Mechanic•Rangers•Carpenter•Farmers•Contracters•athletics

Convensional•Career choice involve community support

but does not involve lot of thinking Suitable in concrete and predictable envirobnment. Prefer routine and structural type of work.

Not interested in artistic type of work

Individual Characteristic•Specific/precise•Ordarly•Practical•Effisyen•Careful

Type of Occupation •Accountant•Proof-reader•Statistician•Secretary

Enterprising•Suitable in an adventurous, energizing and

challenging work environment. Have an empowering and extrovert personality, and loves power.

•Not interested in realistic type of workIndividual Characteristic•Coherent•Agresive•Ambitious•Confidence•Controlling

Type of Occupation •Sales person•Politician•Businessman•Legal/law•Evangelism

Artistic•Suitable in an artistic arts and designing

environment able to express their creativity.

•Not interested in conventional type of work.

Individual Characteristic•Independent•Creative•Non-conformist•Abstract•Idealistic

Type of Occupation •Musician•Artist/sculpture•Dancer/singer•Acting•Others related to art

Social•Prefer job related to the social, administrative

or treating environment. ability in communication and interpersonal relationship.

•Not interested in realistic type of occupation.

Individual Characteristic•Cooperative•Tolerant•Social•Empathy•Understanding

Type of Occupation •Teaching•Counselor•Social work•Psychologist/ psychiatrist•Nurse/doctor