Baik menggunakan pendekatan indirect method dan direct method cash flow from investing activities dan

financing activities, akan menghasilkan pelaporan yang sama.

Sedangkan untuk cash flow from operating activities akan melporkan jumlah cash flow yang sama , namun berbeda dalam perolehan, analisis

dan pelaporan cash flownya.

Bagaimana menyusun cash flow from operating activities

Step 1Cash receipt from customer

Karena sales dalam income statement sebesar $1,180,000 dilaporkan menggunakan acrual basis.

Untuk menentukan cash receipt from customer perlu dilakukan penyesuaian dengan cara sbb:

Sales (reported on the income statement )

+ Decrease in AR

- Increase in AR

Cash receipt from customer=

Sales $ 1,180,000 (lihat income statement)Less: increase in AR 9,000 (lihat Balance sheet)Cash Recived from customer $ 1,171,000

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 Other operating expenses 196,000

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,0000 Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

Gain on sale of land $12,000

Tidak sama dgn kas yang diterima karena acrual basis

Step 1Lihat income statement

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 Gross profit $390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 Other operating expenses196,000

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

Cash collectedfrom customers

The increase in receivables represents a reduction in cash inflow relative to the accrual

revenue reported on the income statement.

The increase in receivables represents a reduction in cash inflow relative to the accrual

revenue reported on the income statement.

$1,171,000

Cash 1,171,000

Sales 1,180,000

Receivables 9,000

ChangesDebit Credit

Cash Basis

Step 2Cash Payment for merchandise

Karena Cost of good sold sebesar $ 790,000 income statement sebesar dilaporkan menggunakan acrual basis.

Untuk mengubah CoGS menjadi pembayaran secara cash sbb:

Cost of Good Sold (reported on the

income statement )

+ increase in inventories or

- decrease in inventoriesAnd

+ decrease in APOr

- Increase in AP

Cash payment for

merchandise=

Cost of merchandise sold $790,000Deduct: decrease in inventories (8,000)Add: decrease in AP 3,200Cash payment for merchandise $785,000

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000Gross profit $390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 Other operating expenses196,000

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

Debit CreditCost of mdse. sold 790,000Inventories 8,000Accounts payable 3,200Cash 785,200

ChangesCash payments for

merchandise

(785,200)

A decrease in Inventories (credit change) and an decrease in Accounts

Payable (debit change) have the opposite effects.

A decrease in Inventories (credit change) and an decrease in Accounts

Payable (debit change) have the opposite effects.

Cash Basis

minusplus

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 (785,200) Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 Other operating expenses196,000

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

Debit CreditDepreciation expense 7,000Accumulated depreciation 7,000

ChangesDepreciation

There is no cash flow for depreciation expense.

There is no cash flow for depreciation expense.

0

Cash Basis

Step 3Cash Payment for operating expenses

Untuk operating expense yang pengeluarannya tidak mmerlukan cash (depreciation) tidak dilaporkan pada direct method.

Operating expenses selain depreciation

(reported on the income statement )

+ Decrease in accrued expenses

or - increase in accrued

expenses

Cash payment for operating

expense=

Operating expenses other than depreciation $196,000Deduct: increase in accrued expenses 2,200Cash payment for operating expenses $194,000

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 (785,200) Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 0 Other operating expenses196,000

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

ChangesDebit CreditOperating expenses 196,000Accrued expenses 2,200Cash

ChangesCash payments for operating expenses

193,800

(193,800)

Cash Basis

minus

Step 4Gain or loss sale of fixed asset

Untuk gain or loss of fixed asset tidak dilaporkan , karena merupakan bagian dari cash flow investing activities

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 (785,200) Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 0 Other operating expenses196,000 (193,800)

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Debit CreditCash 72,000Investments 60,000Gain on sale of invest. 12,000

ChangesGain on sale of investments

0

The cash inflow of $72,000 will be shown in the investing section of the statement of cash flows and

the gain is ignored.

The cash inflow of $72,000 will be shown in the investing section of the statement of cash flows and

the gain is ignored.

Cash Basis

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 (785,200) Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 0 Other operating expenses196,000 (193,800)

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 0 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 Net income $ 108,000

Debit CreditInterest expenseCash

ChangesCash paid forinterest expense

8,000

(8,000)

There is no interest payable account at the end of the year.

There is no interest payable account at the end of the year.

Cash Basis

Step 5Interest expense

Step 6Cash Payment for Income taxes

Penyesuaian untuk mengubah income tax yang dilaporkan pada income statement Sbb:

Income tax(reported on the

income statement )

+ Decrease in income tax payable

or - increase in income tax

payable

Cash payment for income tax=

Income tax $ 83,000Add:decrease in aincome tax payable 500Cash payment for income tax $ 83,500

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 (785,200) Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 0 Other operating expenses196,000 (193,800)

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 (8,000) Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000Net income $ 108,000

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Debit CreditIncome tax expenseIncome tax payable 500Cash

ChangesCash paid forincome taxes

83,000

(83,500)

(83,500)

Cash Basis

plus

Rundell Inc.Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31, 2006

Sales $1,180,000 $1,171,000 Cost of merchandise sold 790,000 (785,200) Gross profit $ 390,000Operating expenses:

Depreciation expense $ 7,000 0 Other operating expenses196,000 (193,800)

Total operating expenses 203,000Income from operations $ 187,000Other income:

Gain on sale of land $12,000 0 Other expense:

Interest expense 8,000 4,000 (8,000) Income before income tax $ 191,000Income tax 83,000 (83,500) Net income $ 108,000 $ 100,500

Two different viewpoints

of income from operations

Two different viewpoints

of income from operations

Cash Basis

Cash Basis

Accrual Basis

Accrual Basis

Cash Basis

Cash flows from operating activities:

Operating Activities—Direct Method

Cash inflows:

Cash received from customers $1,171,000

Cash outflows:

Cash payments for merchandise $785,200

Cash payments for operating expenses 193,800

Cash payments for interest 8,000

Cash payments for income tax 83,500 1,070,500

Net cash flow from operating activities $ 100,500

Cash flows from operating activities:

Operating Activities—Indirect Method

Add:

Net income per income statement $108,000 Add:

Depreciation $ 7,000Decrease in inventories 8,000Increase in accrued expenses 2,200 17,200

$125,200Deduct:

Inc. in accounts receivable $ 9,000Dec. in accounts payable 3,200Dec. in income taxes payable 500Gain on sale of land 12,000 24,700

Net cash flow from operating

activities $100,500

Soal 1• Sunset Resort Inc. memiliki dan mengelola tempat peristirahatan (resort property).

Pada 15 Januari 2006 salah satu dari propertinya terkena pencemaran limbah beracun. Sebagai akibat dari publikasi negatif, market price dari dari properti tersebut turun 40% selama tahun 2006. Pada tanggal 31 desember 2006, saldo akun dalam perusahaan yang terkait dengan properti yang turun nilainya adalah sbb:

• Land $ 25,000,000• Building $ 80,000,000• Equipment $ 15,000,000Total $120,000,000 Manajemen memutuskan penutupan tempat peristirahatan tersebut adalah satu-

satunya pilihan. Sebagai akibatnya, building harus dihapuskan. Land dapat dijual kepada pihak lain dengan harga $ 17 juta, sementara equipment dijual dengan harga $ 4 juta. Diminta ; buatlah ayat jurnal untuk mencatat penurunan nilai aktiva (assets impairment) pada tanggal 31 desember 2006

Soal 2

• Mango juice Company sedang mengalami penurunan bisnis akibat pemberitaan yang luas tentang kandungan kafein dalam jus yang diproduksinya. Akibatnya perusahaan harus melakukan restrukturisasi operasi. Dewan direksi menyetujui rencana tersebut dan mengumumkannya pada tanggal 1 juli 2006 dengan rincian sbb:

1. menutup pabrik jus pada tanggal 15 oktober 2006. Biaya penutupan, relokasi peralatan dan karyawan diperkirakan sebesar $500,000 selama bulan Oktober. (closing and relocation cost)

2. Memberhentikan 280 karyawan pabrik. Pesangon akan dibayarkan untuk karyawan yang diberhentikan sejumlah 400% dari penghasilan bulanan dan dibayarkan dalam empat kali angsuran pada tanggal 15 oktober 2006, 15 januari 2007, 15 april 2007 dan 15 juli 2007 (employee termination costs).

3. Membatalkan kontrak pembelian bahan jus dengan denda pembatalan sebesar $120,000, terutang pada saat pemberitahuan pembatalan.Pemberitahuan akan disampaikan tanggal 15 agustus 2006 (contract termination costs)

4. Rata-rata upah dari 280karyawan yang diberhentikan adalah $12 per jam dengan jam kerja rata-rata 180 jam per bulan.

Diminta:a. Hitunglah total beban restrukturisasi yang terjadi.b. Buatlah ayat jurnal untuk beban restrukturisasi (restructuring charge) pada tanggal 1 Juli 2006 ( Gunakan akun restructuring obligations untuk biaya penutupan,relokasi dan PHK karyawanc. Buatlah ayat jurnal pada tanggal 15 oktober 2006 untuk pembayaran pesangon karyawan.d. Berapa saldo restructuring obligation pada balance sheet per tanggal 31 desember 2006

The EndThe End

Chapter 16