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Presentation On
Cashew processing in Bangladesh at Cluster level
Presented to:NJLIP
World Bank
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
WELCOME Presentation
for Concept and Options of Production, Processing and Marketing of Cashew in Bangladesh at Village level by NGO’s to Cluster level to scale to Industry
level.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Raw Cashew NutsThe raw cashew nut is
the commercial product of the Cashew Tree,
though yields of cashew apple are eight to ten
times the weight of the raw nuts.
Cashew Nut Shell Liquidinside the shell
represent 15% of the grossweight and has some attractivemedicinal and industrial uses.The liquid is one of the natural
resin that is highly heatresistant and is used in braking
systems and in paintmanufacturing.
The Cashew Apple is Processed and Consumed Locally as it is difficult to
Transport
Cashew Kernel60% consumed as Snacks
40% consumed as Confectionery
ABOUT US1. Ms. Mahina Arefin She is a Social Entrepreneur having exposure more that 10 years in various
field and various countries. She has a nich and soft heart on innovation for livelihood of poor women. She is the first who could identify the potential and commercialization of cashew trees standing untilled in hill track of Bangladesh.
2. Mr. Sheikh Razif Ahmed
He is an international trader having experience of 25 years mainly in Chinese market .He has commendable adoptability due to his exposure in country like China. a strong clutch on Cashew's growing market in China and Eastern Asia is his focused specialization
3. Mr. Sunil K. Sonee He is an International Entrepreneur of core level having experience in cashew and many other product in various countries for more than 30 years. He has practical experience and net work in Cashew raw nut import ,finished kernel export and processing units.
4. Ms. Sanjida Kaium Is a social Entrepreneur and Development worker of National level having experience in the field of program development , management, communication and capacity building for more than 15 years
5. Mr. Morari Lal Patel as Consultant. He is well experienced businessman having special acumen to develop cluster cashew industries. He is already running a cashew industry in state of Gujarat in India.
Why NJLIPThe Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve the livelihoods of extreme poor communities and to strengthen the community institutions and Cashew processing has all the potentialities to play a successful part in this program by:Empowering women through capacity development on cashew processing: Cashew is a global food item having demand all over the world. Through
developing the skill of the community women on cashew processing the women will get a standard income that will empower them financially. According to researches financial empowerment is the key factor in taking part in making decisions
Ensuring day to day income all through the year: Cashew has got demand allover the world throughout the year, it can be
imported, processed and exported all through the year. As a result the women will be able to work all around the world and earn money
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Why NJLIPEnsuring sustainable development in aspect of livelihood: Once the women are trained on cashew processing they can work all through
their life by themselves as it has a global demand around the year Addressing mal – nutrition as cashew nuts are full of protein:Cashew nuts are full of food values and protein, it is also very helpful in brain development. Once it is available the children and women will have an available source of protein and recover mal - nutrition Developing women entrepreneur : Through cashew processing each of the processor may become the owner of
processing machine that results a home based factories. Ultimately the women are becoming entrepreneur
Through Individual development cashew processing will successfully develop a group that may really take active part in decision making for developing a healthy and wealthy village that will lead to a healthy and wealthy nation.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Flow chart of Steps for NJLIP
1st option
Colour code: Step – 1 : Step – 2: Step – 3: Step – 4:
Colour code: Step – 1 : Step – 2: Step – 3: Step – 4:
2nd option to be triggered on failure of 1st option
Colour code: Step – 1 : Step – 2: Step – 3: Step – 4:
Why leaderIf a leader get involved in NJLIP Cashew project:• The leader will become more popular amongst
his/her followers• The poverty of his/her area will be eradicated• The livelihood of his/her people will be developed• Children of his/her area will live a healthy life• He/she will become a role model for others• He/she will be able to create a sustainable positive
impact to his/her followers mind
NJLIP with cashew project is most applicable project for the government as:
• It provides a time bound result• It is so well - planned to bring successful result• It brings equal profit by means of time , money
and national development• It ensures financial solvency• it has business popularity in developed countries
Why Government
The NJLIP cashew project strongly refers the role of social entrepreneur because this project:
• The social entrepreneur will be successful in creating societal leadership this is• Creating a sense of shared commitment and co-ownership by embedding the social objective within
the hearts of relevant social actors.
• social entrepreneurs are able to foster active citizen involvement and positively impact the rate and reach of their social vision.
• He/she will be able to take part in Business management: translating vision into action as a leader who is able to constantly realign strategic choices made at the commercial level with the organization’s social vision, while effectively utilizing its social capital to this end. The total budget for.
• He/she will be able to develop Personal leadership: self-awareness and self-development through driving forward the social objective, advocate the cause, with a people’s approach to doing business whilst simultaneously achieving and preserving financial sustainability.
• A major part of NJLIP covers advocacy: a social entrepreneur can bring a complete success through advocating for the right livelihood for the right cluster
• He/she will be able to develop a group of entrepreneurs to have a sustainable positive impact to the financial development of the society
Why social Entrepreneur
Why media Now a days media plays a vital role in every development activities. In NJLIP Cashew project media may have:• a great opportunity for news coverage• Scope to develop success stories of a developed
Bangladesh• Increase the popularity of their channels/publications• A great chance to prove themselves as the friend of
common people • An opportunity to become social leaders
Why celebrities In the NJLIP cashew project celebrities will find every option to be :• More popular to the common people• A hero/heroine of real life• An example of real leaders• An entrepreneur and a leader
Through the cashew project in NJLIP an advocate may:• Have opportunity to have a strong reputation
on common people• Will create a positive image• Will have a great chance to advocate for the
poor people• Will develop a strong working network
Why Advocates
Why NGOsNJLIP cashew project fulfills all the aspects for NGOs to consider this as a successful on because:• It is self sustainable• Funds revolves automatically• Ensures 100% implementation of funds• Organization gets benefitted• It is Well- planned to manage• Provides global network
WHY BANGLADESHCashew Kernel is exported to Developed Nations, where Bangladesh already exports Garment. Addition of Cashew will result as a Brand Value due to exposure in two main components as food and clothing.
The raw material of Cashew is procured from under-developed nations from where Barter Trade is possible of the various food products and garments manufactured in Bangladesh.
The processing of Cashew involves lot of Manpower which is easy and cheap in Bangladesh.
Electricity and Power required in the Processing can be obtained through Solar Energy which will lead to development of Bangladesh as a whole, and moreover make the whole Project as a Green Project
In many countries World-wide it is worth billion dollar and very similar to garment industry.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
CASHEW AND ITS USES• Used as snack, biscuits, confectionery items and in
various other delicacies.Cashew Nuts
• Pressed from Cashew Nuts of Broken Chunks created during Processing. Often used as dressing in salads.Cashew Oil
• Raw material in developing drugs, antioxidants, fungicides etcCashew Nut Shell Liquid
• It is a soft fruit, rich in nutrients, and contains five times more Vitamin C than an OrangeCashew Apple
• Used in paan ( a popular serving made of Betel Leaf)Cashew Peel
• Used in Poultry FeedCashew Bud
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
OUR OBJECTIVES1. Our Objective is to utilize Cashew production in Bangladesh , which remained unutilized up to recently.
2. Our objective is to bring Cashew Project in existence so as to :
a) Provide employment to un-skilled, semi-skilled and skilled labor force in Bangladesh
b) Bring Nutrition value in Bangladesh as well as in other parts of the World
c) Earn foreign exchange for the country.
3. Develop exchange trade or barter trade to boost the supply chain substantially with right vision.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
OUR ROLEEmpowering Women and Youths
Skill Development Training Centre
Technical know-how
Marketing
Buying
Selling
Market Acquisition
Optimization of Funds
Land acquisition and plantation on Global level
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
SCALABLE AND SELF SUSTAINANCEWith extensive commercialization scope that the product
offers, the benefit is not restricted to Rural Farmers.Many Small & Medium Enterprises can be developed
which may buy the raw material from Farmers process it and make it saleable.
Self Help Groups can setup their own Plants with appropriate Fundings from bank, thus providing employment opportunity along with rotation of funds of the Banks.
Export Oriented Units will be born too.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
STRENGTHENING OF VILLAGESThe direct export benefit is foreign exchange
flow in the Villages.The economic and financial aspect of the
Village improves with every export activity conducted.
It brings in recognition to the Village of Bangladesh and strengthens its position.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
NUTRITION AND FOOD
Cashew nut is a well known nut for its Nutritional Value in terms of Protein and Calories.
World Bank has been funding Product Cashew so as to eradicate the Protein Deficiency.
The farmers and their families can deal with the problems of Mal-nourishment with consumption of Cashew and with the Income earned in the Process to meet their other needs.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVMENT
Bangladesh can enter into beneficial Cross-Border Trade with other Countries.
The process of Loading, Unloading, Aggregation of Cashew in Containers will not only provide employment but also help in expansion of Custom Ports of the Countries.
Roadside plantation of cashew trees along with other small shrubs like mint, chilies, etc. can be cultivated on contractual basis by local people.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Benefit to Environment along with Employment
Coastal Bangladesh is a suitable place for the Plantation of Cashew Trees in terms of Climatic Conditions.
The plantation of Trees will provide employment to Unemployed as a whole.
It also will upgrade the Environment by Generation of more oxygen in the air and will beautify the Road Side apart from orchard.
Plantation of Cashew will also help from Soil Erosion and other environmental Hazards.
It will also bring in opportunity of Employment as labour can be employed for picking up Raw Cashew nuts (in shell) from these trees.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
SKILL DEVELOPMENT & EMPLOYMENT
Process of testing, grading requires skills which can be imparted to the youths, thus making them Technically Skilled and also generating Employment Opportunities.
The Youths can form Groups like Self Help Groups and work unanimously.
These processes ultimately leads to Skill Development along with Employment and export of technical know how and skilled people.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT Being Labour-Intensive Process of Cashew, it
provides Employment Opportunity to the Rural Poor who can do these processes by forming groups.
It provides employment opportunities to the unemployed Rural Youth.
Empowers women as they can also get employment opportunities in the processes of Peeling etc.
Ultimately, improving Livelihood of the poor. This job does not need any school qualification.This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any
third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
EDIBLE AND EXPORTABLE
Cashew being a widely used agricultural produce and having high nutritional value is being consumed by many other Countries.
As Coastal Bangladesh fits in the climatic conditions required for Raw Cashew Nuts and other requirements in the processing of the Final Product, Cashew can be exported.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Possible Means of Finance and Funding
1. Equity funding by Angel and other investor. 2. Scheme funding from World Bank such as : A) Nuton Jibon Livelihood Improvement Project3) Funds can be sought from NGO and Social development
foundations too. 4) Crowd Funding 5)Buy back based funding from market .
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
INVESTMENT
It is estimated that about BD taka One million per village using 100 village will be required which will include
Land, Building, Offices Plant and machinery Recurring expenses Working capital Stock of raw and finished product
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
INVESTMENT IN CASHEW
Cashew is White Gold. The investment
in Cashew is more worthwhile than investing in Gold
Metal, Stock Market, Real Estate etc.
One of the most suitable Investment for Account and Fund Appropriation and availing Tax Benefit being an Agriculture -
Horticulture Produce, Skill Development Opportunity and Export Orientation of
the Product.
Cashew has High return on Secured Investment along with • 1. Developing Rural Land and Real
Estate• 2. FMCG produce by Branding• 3. Cottage to Industrial Level-
benefit• 4. International Trade and
Immigration Opportunity• 5. Family Security
INVESTOR ROLE
• Joint Venture Company with his Own or Proxy Ownership
• He can sign a MOU as Investing Partner
• He can be an Investor on Fixed Return
• He can Invest with pre-planned Exit Plan.
• He can Invest with Pre-Planned Inclusion Plan
Investor can
join as
RETURN ON INVESTMENT
In a period of 3- 5 years the profit accrued will relinquish the Initial Investment as the Minimum Assured
Along with larger market acquisition for the product in house as well as Overseas leading to goodwill.
Net Return on Investment 18%
Gross Return on Investment 30%
SOURCE OF RETURN
Interest and Structure Financing
Trading Profit at Procurement Level
Profit on High Seas and International Sale
Profit from Migration and Skill Development
Profit from Processing
Profit from Local Sale and Export
Profit from Branding
Profit from Rural Real Estate Development
OPTIMUM INVESTMENT
It is estimated that about BD taka Twenty million will be required which will include
Land,Building,OfficesPlant and machineryRecurring expensesWorking capitalStock of raw and finished product
RETURN ON INVESTMENTIn a period of 3- 5 years the profit accrued will relinquish
the initial Investment as the
Along with larger market acquisition for the product in house as well as Overseas leading to goodwill.
Note : Spreadsheet of fund utilization to achieve above profitability can be disclosed to a Nominated CA Firm for Audit only.
Net Return on Investment 18%
Gross Return on Investment 30%
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Amount per 100 grams
Calories 553
Total Fat 44g
a. Saturated Fat 8g
b. Polyunsaturated Fat 8g
c. Monounsaturated Fat 24g
Sodium 12mg
Potassium 660mg
Total Carbohydrate 30g
a. Dietary fiber 3.3g
b. Sugar 6g
Protein 18g
NUTRITION FACTSSource : Wikipedia
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
PLANTATION OF CASHEW The traditional cashew tree is tall (up to 14 m) and takes three
years from planting before it starts production, and eight years before economic harvests can begin.
More recent breeds, such as the dwarf cashew trees, are up to 6 m tall, and start producing after the first year, with economic yields after three years.
The cashew nut yields for the traditional tree are about 0.25 metric tons per hectare, in contrast to over a ton per hectare for the dwarf variety.
Grafting and other modern tree management technologies are used to further improve and sustain cashew nut yields in commercial orchards.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
OBTAINING RAW CASHEW IN SHELL
Testing of Sample of Raw Material
Placing order and buying from Farmer as per the
order
Raw Cashew Nut Treatment
Moisture
Nut-Count
Out-turn
Color & Structure
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
RAW CASHEW NUT TREATMENT*SUN DRYING
At the Producer Level Raw Cashew Nuts are sun dried for several days.
*PACKINGAND TRANSPORTING
*IN-FACTORY PROCESSING
1. Testing2. Sorting
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
IN-FACTORY PROCESSING
1. TESTING
2. SORTING
TESTING MOISTURE
TESTINGNUT
COUNT
TESTINGOUT-TURN
TESTINGCOLOR &
STRUCTURE
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
CASHEW NUT PROCESSING
SHELLING/CUTTING
DRYING
PEELING
GRADING & PACKING
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
SHELLING/CUTTING
At each shelling machine the nuts are cut and then opened by a pin separating the kernel from the shell.
Daily production is about 30 kgs per team of average 8 persons.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
DRYING
The raw kernels are put in aluminum perforated trays and then put in an electric / steam drying machine for three hours at a constant temperature of 80 deg. C.
The moisture content of the raw kernel is reduced from 7% to 3% to prevent natural deterioration.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
PEELING
Manual peeling is done by gentle rubbing with fingers or by use of special peeling knife; with this operation 10-12 kg of kernels can be peeled per day.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
GRADING & PACKING There are 27 specific grades of cashew nut kernels
obtained from peeling. The major work is to select the kernels according to size, shape color and count. Once the kernels have been graded, and after going through final quality control; they are packed in pouches of 25 lbs/11.34 kg net weight.
The pouches are vacuum-packed to extract air and carbon dioxide; then, nitrogen gas is injected in and the pouch is automatically sealed. The final process prevents the product deterioration and extends the storage / shelf life of the kernel up to 5 years if the pouch is not punctured.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
MAJOR PRODUCERS OF RAW CASHEW NUTS (IN SHELL)`
RANKING COUNTRY PRODUCTION (METRIC TONS)
I NIGERIA 650,000
II INDIA 613,000
III IVORY COAST 380,000
IV VIETNAM 289,842
V INDONESIA 145,082
VI PHILIPPINES 134,681
VII BRAZIL 104,342
VIII GUINEA-BISSAU 91,100
IX TANZANIA 80,000
X BENIN 69,700
SOURCE : WIKIPEDIA (YEAR 2001)
MAJOR PRODUCERS OF CASHEW NUTS
S.No COUNTRY PRODUCTION (METRIC TONS)
1. Vietnam 1237300
2. Nigeria 835000
3. India 674600
4. Ivory Coast 393000
5. Brazil 230785
SOURCE: GOOGLE (YEAR 2011)This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any
third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
MAJOR CONSUMERS OF CASHEW NUTS
Cashew kernels are ranked as either the second or third most expensive nut traded in the US.
S.NO. COUNTRY CONSUMPTION
1. The United States 55%
2. The Netherlands 10%
3. Germany 17%
4. Japan 5%
5. UK 5%
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
GRADES & CLASSIFICATION
Cashews are graded on how white they are and how broken the kernel is. There are four color grades, four styles of break on the kernel and six sizes (or maximum number of kernels per pound)
Classification Method 1 - Classified according to grades / with or without basing on number of kernel per Lbs.
Classification Method 2 – Based on whether the cashew kernel is whole or broken
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
METHOD 1Cashew kernels have been classified according to 6
quality levels Explanation of cashew grade terminology: The alphabets at the front represent a word descriptive of the form of cashew – W for whole, B for Broken, S for Split etc.
The numbers that follow the alphabets (where present) usually represent the number of kernels per pound. Hence, to give an example, W 210 implies that it is a whole cashew kernel which gives 210 kernels per pound.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
QUALITY Classified according to grades / with or without basing on number of kernel per Lbs
FIRST W210, W240, W320, W450, WB, WS, LWP, SWP
SECOND LBW210, LBW240, LBW320, LBW, SW210, SW2440, SW320, SW, SB, SS, LP, SP
THIRD DW320, DW350, DW
FOURTH DW2, DW3DW2, DW3
FIFTH SW2, SSW2, SW3, DW, DWTW3, DW, DWT
SIXTH CS, SK, SK2, TPN, TPN2, TPB, DW4CS, SK, SK2, TPN, TPN2, TPB, DW4
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
METHOD 2 Plain Natural Wholes - Cashew is graded in three categories based on colour.
White Wholes (“W” appearance – white, pale ivory), Scorched Wholes (“SW” – slightly reddish) and Scorched Wholes Seconds (“SSW” – discolored); W and SW Wholes are graded according to size, i.e. number of nuts per Pound; Super Premium – W 150; Premium – W 210; Regular – W 450; Economy – SW 450
Natural Halves - Cashew Kernels broken evenly into 2 parts are less expensive than wholes. They are used in economy packs and also for candy bars, sweets and pastry. Splits are crisper than wholes and sometimes preferred for that reason. The different varieties are: Fancy Splits (FS): White halves split lengthwise; Fancy Bults (FB): White halves broken crosswise; Scorched Splits; Scorched Bults
Natural Broken’s - Natural Cashew pieces are used in economy packs and also in confectionery, pastry, ice creams & cooking; Large White Pieces (LWP); Scorched Pieces (SP); Scorched Pieces Seconds (SPS)
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Cashew Kernel Preservation Cashew kernels should be preserved in a dry clean place, far from heat resource. The storage of preservation should be closed, dry clean, free from foreign smell, no insect, rodents.
Cashew Kernel Transportation Cashew kernels should be transported by dry, clean, closed transport facilities that free of foreign smell. The loading operations should be done gently, with care.
Cashew Kernel Standards Cashew kernel standards have been laid down by the following organizations :•AFI (Association of Food Industries of New York)•TCVN 4850 1998 - Vietnam Cashew Nuts Kernel and Technical Request•CENTA•Grade Specification for Indian cashew Nuts kernel
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS OF CASHEW KERNELS
The following are some of the typical technical requirements of cashew kernels that are traded in the various parts of the world:
The kernels should be dry and should have the characteristic shape. While depending on the grade they can be either scorched or unscorched, wholes or broken, they should be free from oil (CNSL) and the thin outer skin.
Cashew kernels should be completely free from living insects, moulds, from rodent contamination and insect damage
Cashew kernels should have natural smell, and should be free of rancid or any other unnatural smell.
Moisture content: The cashew kernels should have moisture content not greater than 5% by weight.
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Arrangement of Plant &
Machinery
ONETI
MEPROCESSThis presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to
any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
Arrangement of Finance and
Funding
Arrangement of Raw Material
Training of Worker and Staff
Receipt of Raw Material
Grading of Raw Material
De-shelling Drying Peeling
GradingPacking
Selling Receipt of Payment
REPEATED
PROCESSThis presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any
third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
CHAIRMAN
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
Finance and Budget
Banking
Cash and revenue
Account and
Statistics
Purchase and Raw Material and Import
Sourcing and
import
Shipping and
Logistics
Quality and Credit
Quality control ,Production
Inventory control Raw
material
Production and
output
Plant and machinery
Sales, Marketing and
export
Customer relation and
communication
Dispatch and quality
control
Export and sales
Export logistic and travel protocol
CO-ORDINATION DIRECTORS*
EXECUTIVE DIRECTORSCommunicatio
n NGO and Village
NGO coordinator
and Communication
SHG and grouping
Village coordinator
and communication
Micro finance and account
Assessment and
granting
Coordinator and
fallow up
Recovery, adjustment accounts
Raw Material Distribution and
ware housing
Raw Material Sorting and dispatching
Logistics and safety
Production and training
Training at village and
NGO
Quality control and assessment
Packing and
dispatch
*FOR NGO, VILLAGES AND WAREHOUSING
DIRECTORS
PROPOSED ORGANOGRAM
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DIRECTOR : SOURCING & IMPORT
GENERAL MANAGER
BANGLADESH
INDONESIA
EAST AFRICA
WEST AFRICA
ANY OTHER COUNTRY
DIRECTOR : CUSTOMER RELATION & COMMUNICATION
GENERAL MANAGER
BANGLADESH
JAPAN
MALAYSIA
AMERICA
EUROPE
ANY OTHER COUNTRY
DIRECTOR : NGO CO-ORDINATION & COMMUNICATION
GENERAL MANAGER
NGO A
NGO B
NGO C
DIRECTOR : VILLAGE CO-ORDINATIOR & COMMUNICATION
GENERAL MANAGER
VILLAGE A
VILLAGE B
VILLAGE C
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
At Farm during Harvest• Depending on
Period, Quality, Competition etc
To Town Warehouse• Apart from
Logistics• Value addition
USD 40 - 100
FOB Price• Apart from
Expenses and Logistics
• Value addition USD 50 – 200
CIF and High Seas Price• Apart from
Expenses and Freight Logistics
• Value addition USD 50 – 200
PRICE MARK-UP PER METRIC TONNE
Continued..
USD 400 - 900
USD 450 - 1000
USD 500 - 1200
USD 550 - 1400
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina Arefin.
To Unsorted and Graded Kernel Production• Where 87 – 75 %
is by-product
To Sorted Kernel• Value addition
USD 750 - 900
To Whole Sale Market• Including Packing
Charges and Commission
PRICE MARK-UP PER METRIC TONNE Continued..
Stage Avg. Price PMT
I USD 650
II USD 725
III USD 850
IV USD 975
V USD 1750
VI USD 2565
VII USD 5175
USD 1030 - 2450
USD 1780 - 3350
USD 3350 - 7000
This presentation is prepared by Ms Mahina for a specific goal and made available to specific person. Disclosure of this presentation to any third party in full or in part as extract is not allowed without written consent of Ms Mahina
Arefin.
Cashew Cluster Development Programme
Country : Bangladesh
Districts of NJLIP
REQUIREMENTS
FOR A CLUSTER OF 10 VILLAGES
Central Warehouse with Office
Local transportation to and fro from warehouse to Villages
A small warehouse for certain processing equipments at every village
A boiler in each village (Capacity will be defined on the number of labors)
A Dryer in each village (Capacity will be defined on the number of labors)
Shelling Tables (Quantity on the no of labors Min 1 table between 3 labors)
Other Storage items like Bowls, Plastic carets etc.
MAN – POWER REQUIREMENT & WAGESPerson Capacity Work2 19 to 55 years, normal health,
good eyesight ,logic, math and weighing skill
To check and grade the raw nuts received
2 19 to 45 years ,sound physic and health ,good cooking skill.
To operate the boiler and dryer To Boil the raw Cashew in cooker To Dry the kernels in the dryer
9 19-55 years, sound health, skill of cutting and separating
To cut/shell the boiled raw nuts To cut and separate the kernels from the shell
5 19-55 years,Sound health peeling skill
Peeling of Nuts To remove the husk from the dried kernels
2 19-55 years,Sound health, segregation ,logic, maths and weighing skill
To remove the damaged or unwanted kernels To pack the ready kernels to be sent to head office
TOTAL MANPOWER AND WAGES 20xBDTk5000=BDTk100000 per month
Requirements of Machinery and Cost to process 250kg Raw Cashew Nuts per day of 8 hrs by 18 persons
• Approx. Ex-Factory rates in India QUANTITY ITEMS PRICE(in BDT)1 Boiler 80kg batch 840001 Dryer for 60kg 840008 Shelling Machines
(Leg and hand operated)60000
10 Peeling knives 100020 Small plastic bowls 700
20 Big bowls or crates 13000
Total Cost of plant and Instruments
242700
Power/ Electricity Consumption
DEVICE/EQUIPMENT UNITS PER DAY COST (in BDT)
80kg Boiler 3 22.26
60kg Dryer 12 89.04
3 Fans 1.44 7.17
Lights for workers 1.28 6.37
TOTAL 17.72 124.84
FOR 25 WORKING DAYS 443 3252
Cost of Raw MaterialRaw Material required per day 250 Kg
Raw Material required per month (25 Days)6250 Kg
Average cost of raw material CNF (Port) 1350 USD/Ton
Clearing and port charges100 USD/Ton
Local transport from port and drying at the center100 USD/Ton
Local transport from centre to village50 USD/Ton
Total Cost Per Ton 1600 USD/Ton
Total Cost Per Ton 124350 BDT/Ton
Cost of Material reached at Village for processing per month
PARTICULARS COST(in BDT)6250 Kg Per Village 777188Labour 64000Power 3252Spares 1000Local Transport 15000Interest Per Month @12.5% per annum 2528Other Charges 1000Rent 5000Total Cost per Month 868968
Returns
ITEM COST(in BDT)Average Rate of wholes (8.6$/kg) 680916
Average Rate of Broken (7.5$/kg) 395687TOTAL RETURN 1076603Approx Return after deduction of Cost Per Village (Return – Cost)
207635
6250kg RCN @ 48Lbs Outturn 1698 Kg of F.G
Estimated Broken Percentage ratio 60:40
1019 Kg Wholes & 679 Kg Broken
Skill Development and Training Buying Skill
Raw material grading skill
Running Boiler
De-shelling
Scooping and separating
Drying
De-husking
Grading and separating
Packing
Skill Development InfrastructureITEM QUANTITY
Testing Cutter 12
Plastic Bowls 50
Weighing Machines 12
Record Book 12
Boiler 1
Dryer 1
Shelling Machine 1
Scooping and Peeling Knife 12
Moisture Meters 5
System of skill development STEP 1 •: Apprentice- For 1 month A person become apprentice and paid a stipend during training as per capability.
STEP 2 •Junior Worker : For 5 months A person is paid a 80% of Wages and 20% is reserved till the person become owner of 500kgs of raw material.
STEP 3 •Senior worker : For 2-5 month A person stays as Senior worker or group leader of step 2.
System of Skill Development
STEP 4 •Junior Trader: 500 kgs of Raw material is given with a buyback assurance for 1 month of processed Kernels or as trade of Raw Material.
STEP 5 •Trader : Once buyback assurance is over the person become independent with a option to join in step 1 or step 2 should he make loss as trader subject to seat vacancy in step1 and/or 2.
Export and Investment Incentive
BOI (Board of Investment) in Bangladesh says that
A) Government and NGOs conduct regular training programs to develop skilled manpower in the Agro Based Industry.
B) High value-added foods for export, including herbs, spices, nuts and pulses.
C) Special loan facilities available to set up an agribusiness.
D) Cash incentives to the exporters ranges from 15% to 20% in various sub sectors
Precaution required at stages
• 1. Concept and information• Many a time concept is not understood properly
and its limitations.• 2. NDA and MOU• All NDA and MOU are required at place for regular
and unique flow of the business.• 3. Appointment and collection of informations • Right people and right time with information is a
must for a success of the project.
Precaution required at stages
• 4. Land and offices• One need to be very economical in the start and
expand with growth of the projects.• 5. Arrangement of plant and machinery• One need to install and maintain right machineries
and at time and price. • 6.Arranging of funding • Right amount and right time at right cost is the
crux. No less no more and no before nor delayed.
Precaution required at stages
• 7. Purchase of Raw Material• One need to buy right quality at right time at right
price every month as available in the world. It need a very special skill.
• 8. Training of Worker and Staff• Very friendly and skill full instructor will be
required.• 9.Receipt of Raw material• Proper storage and care is required of raw material.
Precaution required at stages
• 10. Grading of Raw Material• Calculation and experience based skill will be
required.• 11. Boiling • A proper knowledge of boiler with its timing and
products input - output knowledge will be required.• 12.De-sheling• It needs a very special skill, experience and
knowledge as yield of quality is decided at this stage.
Precaution required at stages
• 13. Drying• One need to know machine of drying and its
experience.• 14. Peeling• One need to have skill of peeling .• 15.Grading• One need to know various grades acceptable
and the skill to segregate it.
Precaution required at stages
• 16. Packing • There are various packing required in different market .
This need to be adopted as per requirement from buyer.• 17. Selling• There are different market which has different time of
demand for various quality at different price.• 18. Payment • One need to be very strong in accounts and in recovery
of payment in such a way that there are no much debts and surely no bad debts.
Countries & Timing for Raw Material
• Feb to April – Benin, Togo, Ghana, Nigeria• March to July – Ivory Coast, Guinea Bissau, Gambia,
Senegal, Guinea Conakary From the above countries minimum shipping time is 45
days.• March To April – Bangladesh, Cambodia• September To November - Indonesia • October to January – Tanzania, Madagascar, Mozambique From these countries maximum shipping time is 30 days
Sales
• Local Markets.• Consumer packs of 250grms and 500grms.• One main packing centre to be established.• Material packed for domestic market or
international market will go through a complete micro biological test and then packed at the centre.
• All packs will be tracked by batch nos. • International packs will be as per requirement of
the buyers.
Marketing
• Local Advertisements Approx. Budget (15000$ yrly)• Branding and Promotion of brands • Organizing or participating in local and international
trade fairs. (Approx Budget 50000$ yrly)• Educating people of health benefits • 0 % Cholesterol and good for heart.• Giving appointment to executives for local marketing.• Appointment of companies in countries of exports
Packing Centre Machines and Cost• Machinery Required.• 1. Electrical Dryer (Capacity will be defined later) • 2 Inspection belts with metal detectors, fine particle removers
( 2000$ Vietnam)• 1 Color sorter with air compressor (75000$ Vietnam)• 1 size sorter for wholes (28000$ India)• 1 size sorter for broken (7000$ India)• 1 pouch packing machine with nitrogen flushing (Capacity Will be
defined on requirement)• 1 Vacuum packing machine with nitrogen generator (7000 $
Vietnam)• Packing materials (Quantity and Specifications as required)
Requirement of Manpower (Packing Centre )
• 1 Manager• 2 Supervisors• 2 Clerical staff (Accounting, Local & Export
Documentation• 14 Ladies for final inspection • 8 Man for dryer, sorters, packing.• 2 Man for dispatch• Local transportation from centre.
Government / Licenses• Import Export licenses to import Machinery • Food Licenses both for Local and export from the Government
of Bangladesh.• Test reports of material batch wise from a notified
Microbiological lab.• Third party Inspection agency like RBS , SGS for exports.• Import and Export Licenses for RCN and finished products as
per government norms.• Fumigation and Certificate of Origin issuing Agency• International banking facility since all the transactions will be
through bank and audited yearly by a CA
Role and charges• Study and analyze the scope where to setup the whole structure. • Setting up training centre (10000 USD One time for 5 provinces)• Installation of Units at Village Level (1000 USD Per Unit)• Training to labors , Operators, and Other staff (100 USD per trainee)• Monitoring of Processing units, Warehouses, Packing unit (7500USD Monthly)• Monitoring of Procurement of Raw Material (Included)• Monitoring of Processing and Distribution of Raw Material (Included)• Monitoring of Collection of finished goods and packing (Included)• Monitoring of Local Market analysis and distribution network (3% of sales value)• Setting up exports in different countries. (3% of sales value)• Tie ups with companies in different countries for exporting the finished
products.
• * Travelling both International & Local, Visa charges, Accommodation, Food • etc. will be extra and to be paid in advance.
Measures for Safety and Environment.
• 1. While de shelling it is must to keep hand protection and eyes protection to avoid etching .
• 2. Proper Fumigation and quarantine is required while storage and transit of in shell
• Cashew.• 3. Water and moisture contact should be
avoided while storage and handling Kernels.
Bank Guarantee by NGO
Based on present market following amount of Bank Guarantee will be required:
USD 1200( approx BDTk 90,000) per person minimum.
USD 24000( Approx BDTk 18,000,00) per village minimum.
Funds against these guarantee must be made available unconditionally for supply of Raw Material to process the cashew nuts.
Funds against these guarantee must be made available unconditionally for supply of Raw Material to process the cashew nuts.
TOR for Sunil Kumar Sonee • Ms Mahina Arefin(MA) and Mr. Sunil Sonee (SS)explored and discovered the
potential of “Cashew Project” jointly . During discovery a insight of the whole trade was developed and a short term , medium term and long term strategy was formed.
• Mr. Sunil shared his 30+ years experience and introduced Ms Mahina to the
global market and gain some real time experience of the trade• With a greater vision MA+SS agreed to enter Bangladesh market and expand this
trade vastly.• With the vision of developing a sustainable livelihood for the poor people of
Bangladesh Ms Mahina Arefin and Mr. Sunil Kumar Sonee work jointly for NJLIP.
• Following know-how transfer and consultancy has been sought from Mr. Sunil due to his long experience and skill already known to Ms Mahina.
Guide and know how sought• 1. Study and analysis of the location(s) • 2. Setting up a training center and method.• 3. Analyze the type and part of machines and equipment to be made in Bangladesh and the
which need to be imported.• 3a. Since Budget is too low ,to find a solution for proper packing either manually or by out
sourcing.• 4. Lay out of installations.• 5. Installation and commissioning of the units• 6. Systematization of monitoring of Warehouses. • 7. Training of labors and staff as may be required along with update in the market .• 8. Monitoring of Procurement, processing distribution of Raw Material. • 9. Monitoring of grading and packing of raw material.• 10. Monitoring of local and export sales distribution • 11. Tie up with market trend in various countries for Plantation , procurement , marketing,
local food control law and sales.• 12.Consultency on Diversification and growth prospect
Duration of services• 1. Study and analysis of the location(s) : 10 days • 2. Setting up a training center and method.: 30 days after receipt of Raw Material of FAQ. • 3. Analyze the type and part of machines and equipment to be made in Bangladesh and the which need to be
imported.: 15 days• 3a. Since Budget is too low ,to find a solution for proper packing either manually or by out sourcing.: 15 days• 4. Lay out of installations : 10 days after receipt of all facts.• 5. Installation and commissioning of the units: 10 days after receipt of machines equipment and Raw Material• 6. Systematization of monitoring of Warehouses.: It is a regular process as and when cargo are received and
finished product need to be stored. • 7. Training of labors and staff as may be required along with update in the market: It is a regular process
according to quality of crop and technology may be required. • 8. Monitoring of Procurement, processing distribution of Raw Material. : It is a regular process and a special
skill equipped with weather world wide, sowing pattern ,tree falling pattern, plantation technology, competition buying etc.
• 9. Monitoring of grading and packing of raw material.: It is a regular process • 10. Monitoring of local and export sales distribution : It is a regular process• 11. Tie up with market trend in various countries for Plantation , procurement , marketing, local food control
law and sales.: It is a regular process.• 12.Consultency on Diversification and growth prospect: It is a regular process
Cost of Services1. Study and analysis of the location(s) : There will be 2 person. USD 100/day for one person. If Mr. Sunil is employed for regular service his service for this component will be free.2. Setting up a training center and method.: There will be 2 person. USD 50/day for one person. If Mr. Sunil is employed for regular service his service for this component will be free. 3. Analyze the type and part of machines and equipment to be made in Bangladesh and the which need to be imported.: There will be 2 person. USD 50/day for one person. If Mr. Sunil is employed for regular service his service for this component will be free. 3a. Since Budget is too low ,to find a solution for proper packing either manually or by out sourcing: There will be 2 person. USD 50/day for one person. If Mr. Sunil is employed for regular service his service for this component will be free. 4. Lay out of installations: There will be 2 person. USD 50/day for one person. If Mr. Sunil is employed for regular service his service for this component will be free. 5. Installation and commissioning of the units: There will be 2 person. USD 50/day for one person. If Mr. Sunil is employed for regular service his service for this component will be free. 6. Systematization of monitoring of Warehouses.: within USD 1200/Month net home take as advance within 5th of every month ,all other expenses for the jobs at actuals 7. Training of labors and staff as may be required along with update in the market .: Within USD 1200/Month net home take as advance within 5th of every month ,all other expenses for the jobs at actuals 8. Monitoring of Procurement, processing distribution of Raw Material.: 2% of Invoice value and material purchased9. Monitoring of grading and packing of raw material.: within USD 1200/Month net home take as advance within 5th of every month ,all other expenses for the jobs at actuals 10. Monitoring of local and export sales distribution : 1% of sales value 11. Tie up with market trend in various countries for Plantation , procurement , marketing, local food control law and sales.: To be decided in case to case12.Consultency on Diversification and growth prospect: To be decided case to case.
Back up Facilities required.
• 1. All travel , transport and conveyance facility and expenses
• 2. Minimum 3star boarding and lodging • 3. A Chauffeur driven car on medium range .• 4. All communication expenses including
gadgets.• 5.Health and medical insurance