Cdma Bts 3606e

BTS3606E CDMA Base StationProduct Description

Airbridge BTS3606E CDMA Base Station

Product Description

Document Version V3.60

Product Version V300R006

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support

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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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Website: http://www.huawei.com

http://www.huawei.com/

Copyright © 2007 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their

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Notice

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in

the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information,

and recommendations in this manual do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or

implied.

BTS3606E CDMA Base Station Product Description

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E .................................................................................... 7

1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E .............................................................................................. 7

1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network .............................................................. 8

1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E ............................................................................................ 12

Chapter 2 Key Benefits .............................................................................................................. 14

2.1 Technical Features .......................................................................................................... 14

2.2 High Reliability ............................................................................................................... 15

2.3 Wide Coverage ............................................................................................................... 15

2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity .............................................................................................. 15

2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port) ................................................................ 16

2.3.3 ODU Cascading .................................................................................................... 16

2.4 Flexible Networking ......................................................................................................... 16

2.4.1 Networking Interfaces ........................................................................................... 16

2.4.2 Networking Modes ................................................................................................ 16

2.4.3 Clock Sources ....................................................................................................... 16

2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System ........................................................... 17

2.5.1 System Status Monitoring ..................................................................................... 17

2.5.2 GUI Configuration ................................................................................................. 17

2.5.3 Data Configuration ................................................................................................ 17

2.5.4 Alarm Processing .................................................................................................. 17

2.5.5 Security Management ........................................................................................... 18

2.5.6 Test Function ........................................................................................................ 18

2.5.7 Site Monitoring ...................................................................................................... 18

2.5.8 Upgrade ................................................................................................................ 18

2.5.9 Operation on the Equipment ................................................................................ 18

2.5.10 Auto Restart ....................................................................................................... 19

2.5.11 Reverse Maintenance ........................................................................................ 19

2.5.12 Interference Detection ........................................................................................ 19

2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion ......................................................................................... 19

2.6.1 High Compatibility ................................................................................................. 19

2.6.2 Flexible Configuration ........................................................................................... 19

2.6.3 Smooth Expansion ................................................................................................ 19

Chapter 3 System Structure ...................................................................................................... 20

3.1 Physical Structure ........................................................................................................... 20

3.1.1 Cabinet ................................................................................................................. 20

3.1.2 Subrack ................................................................................................................ 24

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3.1.3 Board and Module ................................................................................................ 25

3.2 Logical Structure ............................................................................................................. 27

3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem ........................................................................................... 27

3.2.2 RF Subsystem ...................................................................................................... 28

3.2.3 Antenna Subsystem .............................................................................................. 28

3.2.4 Power Supply Subsystem ..................................................................................... 29

3.3 Physical Ports ................................................................................................................. 29

3.4 Huawei CDMA BTS Family ............................................................................................. 31

Chapter 4 Services and Functions ............................................................................................ 33

4.1 Power Control and Rate Control ..................................................................................... 33

4.1.1 Forward Power Control ......................................................................................... 33

4.1.2 Reverse Power Control ......................................................................................... 34

4.1.3 Rate Control ......................................................................................................... 35

4.2 Handoff ............................................................................................................................ 35

4.2.1 Soft Handoff .......................................................................................................... 36

4.2.2 Softer Handoff ...................................................................................................... 36

4.2.3 Virtual Soft Handoff ............................................................................................... 36

4.2.4 Hard Handoff ........................................................................................................ 36

4.2.5 Handoff Between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO System and the CDMA2000 1X

System ............................................................................................................................. 36

4.3 Radio Configuration ........................................................................................................ 37

4.4 Channel Configuration ................................................................................................... 37

4.4.1 CDMA2000 1X Channels ...................................................................................... 37

4.4.2 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Channels ........................................................................... 39

4.5 DO Enhancement Features ............................................................................................. 40

4.5.1 BCMCS ................................................................................................................. 40

4.5.2 Enhanced QoS ..................................................................................................... 41

4.6 1X Rel A Features ........................................................................................................... 41

4.6.1 Forward Power Control ......................................................................................... 41

4.6.2 Cell Broadcast Short Message ............................................................................. 41

4.7 DO Rev A Features ......................................................................................................... 41

4.8 Multi-Carrier Function ...................................................................................................... 41

4.9 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity ........................................................................................ 42

4.10 Trunking Calls .............................................................................................................. 42

Chapter 5 Reliability ................................................................................................................... 44

5.1 System Reliability ............................................................................................................ 44

5.1.1 De-rating Design ................................................................................................... 44

5.1.2 Quality Control of Components ............................................................................. 44

5.1.3 Thermal Design .................................................................................................... 45

5.1.4 EMC Design ......................................................................................................... 45

5.1.5 Threshold for Closing CMPA ................................................................................. 45

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5.1.6 Redundancy Design ............................................................................................. 45

5.1.7 Reliability Measures for Input Power .................................................................... 45

5.1.8 Maintainability Design ........................................................................................... 45

5.1.9 Fault Monitoring and Handling .............................................................................. 46

5.2 Hardware Reliability ........................................................................................................ 46

5.2.1 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards ...................................................... 46

5.2.2 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface .......................................................... 47

5.2.3 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover ....................................................................... 47

5.2.4 BCIM Resistance Query ....................................................................................... 47

5.2.5 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup ............................................................................................... 47

5.2.6 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans ................................................................... 47

5.2.7 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port .......................................................... 47

5.2.8 CE Pool Design for CCPMs .................................................................................. 47

5.2.9 Support for Static Resource Pools ........................................................................ 48

5.2.10 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report ................................................................... 48

5.2.11 Distributed Power Supply .................................................................................... 48

5.3 Software Reliability .......................................................................................................... 48

5.3.1 Periodic Check on Key Resources ....................................................................... 48

5.3.2 Process Monitoring ............................................................................................... 48

5.3.3 Data Check ........................................................................................................... 48

5.3.4 Fault Isolation ....................................................................................................... 49

5.3.5 Black Box Function ............................................................................................... 49

5.3.6 Self-Test ................................................................................................................ 49

5.3.7 Upgrade Reversibility ............................................................................................ 49

5.3.8 Log Function ......................................................................................................... 49

Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance ..................................................................................... 50

6.1 O&M Structure ................................................................................................................ 50

6.1.1 Structure of Local O&M System ............................................................................ 50

6.1.2 Structure of M2000 System .................................................................................. 51

6.2 O&M Functions ............................................................................................................... 52

6.2.1 Data Configuration Management .......................................................................... 52

6.2.2 Interface Tracing ................................................................................................... 53

6.2.3 Performance Management ................................................................................... 53

6.2.4 Alarm Management ............................................................................................... 53

6.2.5 Log Management .................................................................................................. 53

Chapter 7 Technical Specifications ........................................................................................... 55

7.1 System Performance ....................................................................................................... 55

7.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications ............................................................... 55

7.1.2 Cascading Specifications ...................................................................................... 58

7.1.3 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications ................................................. 59

7.2 Physical and Electrical Specifications ............................................................................. 59

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7.3 Reliability Specifications .................................................................................................. 60

7.4 Compliant Safety Standards ............................................................................................ 60

7.5 EMC Standards ............................................................................................................... 61

7.6 Environmental Requirements .......................................................................................... 62

7.6.1 Storage Environment ............................................................................................ 63

7.6.2 Transportation Environment .................................................................................. 65

7.6.3 Operation Environment ......................................................................................... 67

Chapter 8 Installation ................................................................................................................. 71

8.1 System Installation .......................................................................................................... 71

8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade ..................................................................................... 71

Commercial in Confidence vi


Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E

This chapter briefly describes the system functions and structure of the BTS3606E

and the position and role of the BTS3606E in the CDMA network. This chapter

consists of the following sections:

Functions of the BTS3606E

Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network

Interfaces of the BTS3606E

This chapter gives you the information about the position of the BTS3606E in the

CDMA communication network and some basic knowledge of the BTS3606E.

1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E

The BTS3606E is located between the base station controller (BSC) and the mobile

station (MS)/access terminal (AT) in the CDMA network. Under the control of the

BSC, it serves one cell or several logical sectors.

The BTS3606E is connected with the BSC through the Abis interface. It manages the

following:

Radio resources

Radio parameters

Interfaces

It also implements radio transmission over the Um interface, as well as the related

control functions.

The BTS3606E is an indoor BTS supporting multi-cell configuration.

The BTS3606E has the following features:

Large capacity

Compact size

Easy installation

Flexible coverage

It is ideal for the areas with medium or high traffic density.

The BTS3606E system has advanced structure, which is compatible with CDMA2000

1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO (DO Enhancement, DO Rev A). It can operate in the

following modes:

CDAM2000 1X mode

CDAM2000 1xEV-DO mode

CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO hybrid mode

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The BTS3606E can be expanded smoothly to meet the requirements of CDMA AIE

phase I.

The BTS3606E supports CDMA trunking communication technology, and thus

provides trunking functions such as Push To Talk (PTT).

1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network

1.2 shows the position of the BTS3606E in a CDMA network.

SCP

GMSC

Service Network

SMC

M2000

DPS

GLMS

TSC

iGWB

AAA

HA

PS Domain

PDSN/FA

MSC/VLR/SSP/IP

CS Domain

Trunking Domain

PSTN/PLMN/ISDN

VPN

SMT

BTS

BTS

BSC

AN AAA

HLR/AC

Internet

Figure 1.1 Networking of Huawei CDMA 1X/1xEV-DO/digital trunking system



1.2 lists the functions of the elements in the CDMA network.

Table 1.1 Functions of the elements in the CDMA network

Element Function

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

The BTS is used to transmit and receive radio signals and to implement the communication between the mobile network and the MS.

Huawei provides a series of BTS products.

Base Station Controller (BSC)

The BSC is used to implement the following functions:

Controlling and managing the BTSs

Setting up and releasing call connections

Implementing power control

Managing radio resources

Implementing handoffs to ensure reliable radio

connections

Mobile Switching Center (MSC)

The MSC is used to implement the following functions:

Call setup

Route selection

Radio resource allocation

Mobility management

Location registration

Channel switching within switching area

Bill generation

Service coordination with the PSTN

SS7 interface and network interface

Visitor Location Register (VLR)

The VLR is a dynamic database. It stores the information of the subscribers currently in its MSC area. The VLR is integrated with the MSC physically.

Service Switching Point (SSP)

The SSP is used to detect intelligent service requests, to communicate with the SCP, and to respond to the service request from the SCP. It allows the service logics in the SCP to process the calls.

An SSP implements call control and service switching.

The SSP is integrated into the MSC/VLR physically.

Intelligent Peripheral (IP)

The IP is integrated into the MSC physically. Through the internal interface, the IP provides dedicated resource for the SSP to implement intelligent services.



Element Function

Home Location Register (HLR)

The HLR is a database that is used to manage mobile subscribers. It stores the following information:

Subscription information

Subscriber states

MS location information

MDN

IMSI (MIN)

Authentication Center (AC)

The AC is used to manage the information for subscriber authentication. It is integrated into the HLR physically.

Short Message Center (SMC)

The SMC is used to store and forward short messages. It also provides supplementary services related to short message.

Service Control Point (SCP)

The SCP is the core component of the intelligent network. It implements the following functions:

Storing the subscriber data and service logics

Receiving the query requests from the SSP and querying

the database to carry out decoding

Initiating service logics according to the call event

reported by the SSP and setting up intelligent calls by

sending call control instructions to the SSP according to

service logics

Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC)

The GMSC provides the following functions:

Requesting the routing information of a called subscriber

Providing interconnection and settling between networks

Packet Data Serving Node (PDSN)

The PDSN is a gateway used to connect the mobile network and the IP backbone network. It provides the access of packet data service for mobile subscribers.

Home Agent (HA) The HA provides the interface between the mobile network and the Internet. It is an auxiliary node for mobile subscribers to access the Internet. It supports downlink data forwarding in the mobile IP tunnel mode and uplink data forwarding through reverse tunnel.



Element Function

Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA)

The AAA server is a remote verification server for dial-in subscribers.

It provides the following services:

Authentication

Authorization

Accounting

Data value-added services

It supports multiple types of databases, powerful agent, and

flexible operations.

Trunk Switching Center (TSC)

The TSC is used to process trunk call signaling and to implement trunk call media distribution. A TSC can be connected with multiple PCFs.

Group and List Management Server (GLMS)

The GLMS is used to manage the information about:

Trunk group

Trunk service subscribers

Subscriber trunk service

Dispatcher

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

iGateway Bill (iGWB)

The iGWB is used to collect, store, filter, sort, and send bills.

Dispatcher Server (DPS)

The DPS is used to implement the following functions:

Call setup and voice conversion between the Dispatcher

(DPT) and the MSE

Call transfer and connection between the DPT and the

PSTN/PLMN

Transfer of session control command transfer for the DPT

Transfer of trunk session state information

Service Maintenance Terminal (SMT)

The SMT enables the VPN manager and the VPN operator to manage the data of subscribers, groups, location areas, and so on.



Element Function

iManager M2000 (M2000)

The M2000 is the centralized management platform for Huawei wireless network products. The M2000 is used to implement the following functions:

Centralized fault management

Centralized performance management

Centralized configuration management

Centralized topology management

Centralized security management

System management

1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E

1.3 shows the standard signaling interfaces the BTS3606E provides. As shown in the

figure, the BTS3606E supports the Um interface and Abis interface. Through these

interfaces, the BTS3606E can interwork with any standard BSC, and MS)/AT.

AbisMS/AT BSCBTS

Um

BTS: Base transceiver station BSC: Base station controller MS: Mobile station

Figure 1.2 Interfaces of the BTS3606E



1.3 lists the interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties.

Table 2.1 Interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties

Interface Peer Protocol Signaling protocol Transmission

Abis BSC Internal protocol Internal protocol E1/T1/FE

Um MS/AT IS-2000-2-A, IS-2000-3-A, TSB2000

Air interface protocol Radio Wave



Chapter 2 Key Benefits

This chapter describes the key benefits of the BTS3606E.

This chapter consists of the following sections:

Technical Features

High Reliability

Wide Coverage

Flexible Networking

Customized Operation and Maintenance System

Easy Upgrade and Expansion

2.1 Technical Features

The BTS3606E boasts the following technical features:

Supporting smooth upgrade to CDMA2000 AIE (Air Interface Enhance) phase I

based on advanced system structure

Supporting both CDMA2000 1X standards and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO standards.

Supporting CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO hybrid networking. The ratio of CDMA2000

1X carriers to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO carriers is flexible

Supporting future demands through enhanced structure and good expansibility

Supporting high-power coverage and large-capacity coverage using carriers of

different frequencies for a single sector

Adopting resource pool design to improve hardware resources utilization and

error tolerance capability of the system

Supporting inter-carrier channel processing resource pools to improve hardware

utilization and system fault tolerance

Adopting digital intermediate frequency (IF) technology to improve system

reliability

Adopting intelligent fan control to increase the service life of fans and reduce the

noise

Supporting anti-interference through in-band adaptive wave filtering

Supporting 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 1900MHz and 2100 MHz bands

Supporting cascading with the ODU to flexibly extend the coverage of radio

network

Supporting forward and reverse load control and access channel load control to

ensure the system capacity and service quality

Supporting various service negotiations, including active negotiations, passive

negotiations, and non-negotiations



Supporting push to talk (PTT) functions

Supporting the wizard upgrade of the BSS system

Supporting GUI configuration

Supporting a variety of methods to set the daylight saving time (DST).

Supporting forward and reverse interference spectrum scan, thus capable of

accurate identification of interference

Supporting transceiver module output power detection, thus capable of

convenient identification of cable faults between RF modules

Supporting the mixed insertion of different-band carriers in the same cabinet

Supporting six-sector cell configuration, with the maximum configuration of

S(6/6/6/6/6/6) or S(12/12/12).

Supporting IP transmission over the Abis interface

Supporting satellite transmission over the Abis interface

Note:

The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO by using different

types of channel processing boards such as CCPMs/CECMs.

2.2 High Reliability

The BTS3606E uses the following mechanisms to ensure reliability:

System hardware backup

Available inverse upgrade process

Resource pool design

The mean time between failure (MTBF) of the system reaches 100,000 hours.

2.3 Wide Coverage

The BTS3606E can cover a wide area thanks to its excellent receiver and transmitter.

2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity

The diversity receiver is used to improve the reception. In RC3, the receiver

sensitivity of the BTS3606E is as follows:

–128 dBm on 800 MHz band

–127 dBm on 450 MHz, 1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz band



2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port)

On the 800 MHz band, the maximum transmit power is 100 W. On the 450 MHz,

1900MHz and 2100 MHz bands, the maximum transmit power is 60 W. For details,

see section 7.1.1"Transmitter and Receiver Specifications."

2.3.3 ODU Cascading

The BTS3606AE supports ODU cascading through the following methods:

The SFP interface of the CRDM supports ODU cascading.

If the CRDM is not configured, the SFP interface of the CCPM/CECM supports

ODU cascading.

In the CDMA2000 1X or CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network, each SFP interface can

connect three levels of ODUs to extend the radio coverage.

2.4 Flexible Networking

The BTS3606E enables flexible networking and supports various networking modes

by providing various interfaces and clock resources.

2.4.1 Networking Interfaces

The BTS3606E supports the networking through:

ATM transmission based on the E1/T1

IP transmission based on the E1/T1 and fast Ethernet (FE)

Inverse Multiplexing on ATM (IMA), User Network Interface (UNI), Point to Point

Protocol (PPP), Multiple Point to Point Protocol (MLPPP), Fractional ATM

(FRAC), and Fractional IMA (FRACIMA) transmission link groups

2.4.2 Networking Modes

The BTS3606E supports chain, star, tree, ring, fractional ATM, and ODU cascading

networking modes.

The BTS3606E can share the transmission network with GSM BTSs. In addition, it

can provide the GSM BTSs with transmission channels on the Abis interface in

fractional ATM mode.

2.4.3 Clock Sources

The BTS3606E supports the following clock sources to adapt to various networking

conditions:

Global positioning system (GPS) clock

Global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) clock



Remote Global positioning system (RGPS) clock

Other external clock sources

With a high precision clock module (CHCM) equipped, the BTS3606E can keep clock

synchronization for 72 hours after the external clock source signal is lost.

Note:

Only in the +24V DC Cabinet, the BTS3606E can support RGPS when it configures

the QCK3CSLM.

2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System

The operation and maintenance (O&M) of the BTS3606E is implemented through the

local maintenance terminal (LMT) and the iManager M2000 mobile network

management system (M2000).

This section describes the O&M of the BTS3606E.

2.5.1 System Status Monitoring

This function shows the following information:

System operation and resource status

Configuration

Status of the local cell and logical cells

2.5.2 GUI Configuration

The BTS3606E provides graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to facilitate system

configuration.

2.5.3 Data Configuration

The BTS3606E supports dynamic data configuration. The configured data takes effect

without resetting the BTS.

The BTS3606E also supports data batch processing. You can configure the common

data for multiple network elements at a time.

The BTS3606E supports the backup of the configuration data.

2.5.4 Alarm Processing

The alarm processing function includes:



Alarm collection

Alarm clearing

Alarm querying

Alarm shielding

Alarm filtering

2.5.5 Security Management

The security management function includes:

User login authentication

Command authority restriction

Confirmation of dangerous operation

User group management

Timeout locking

2.5.6 Test Function

The BTS3606E supports both off-line and in-service tests. The tests include:

Board loopback test

Self-test

Trunk loopback test

2.5.7 Site Monitoring

A data transmission channel is available for the monitoring devices in the equipment

room to ensure unattended operation and centralized monitoring of the BTS3606E.

2.5.8 Upgrade

Users can upgrade the system remotely. The system can revert to the original version

if the upgrade fails.

The BTS3606E provides the auto loading function. When a board needs to be

replaced, if the software versions of this board and the new board are different, the

software of the new board can be upgraded automatically through the auto loading

function.

2.5.9 Operation on the Equipment

The BTS3606E supports operations from its front side, and the boards in its cabinet

are hot-swappable. This facilitates the maintenance, upgrade, and expansion of the

system.



2.5.10 Auto Restart

When the BTS3606E is out of service owing to power failure or transmission failure, it

can restart automatically right after the faults are cleared.

2.5.11 Reverse Maintenance

With the reverse maintenance function, you can log in to the back administration

module (BAM) from the LMT through the Ethernet port on the BCKM to perform

operation, maintenance, and management for the whole BSS.

2.5.12 Interference Detection

The BTS3606E supports interference detection. If the frame error rate (FER) is high,

the system records the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and traffic volume.

Based on such records, the system determines whether the interference exists.

2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion

Thanks to its high compatibility, flexible configuration, and modular structure, the

BTS3606E can be easily upgraded and expanded to meet different requirements.

2.6.1 High Compatibility

The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO and enables

smooth evolution to CDMA AIE phase I.

By replacing the CCPMs with CECMs and upgrading the software, you can upgrade

the BTS3606E in a CDMA2000 1X network to support CDMA2000 1xEV-DO.

2.6.2 Flexible Configuration

The BTS3606E supports multi-cell configuration. An ODU can be connected with the

BTS3606E to provide one more cell.

The BTS3606E supports 3-sector, 6-sector, and omnidirectional cell configurations.

2.6.3 Smooth Expansion

The modular structure allows you to expand the BTS3606E by adding baseband

boards, RF modules, or power supply modules.



Chapter 3 System Structure

This chapter describes the features of the BTS3606E hardware and functions from

the aspect of system structure.


Physical Structure

Logical Structure

Physical Ports

Huawei CDMA BTS Family

3.1 Physical Structure

The physical structure of the BTS3606E can be divided by the following three levels:

Cabinet

Subrack

Board and module

3.1.1 Cabinet

The BTS3606E supports –48 V DC and +24 V DC power supplies.

I. Cabinet Appearance

The dimensions of the 3606E cabinet are (excluding the components on the top of the

cabinet):

Height Width Depth = 1,600 mm [62.99 in.] 600 mm [23.62 in.] 650 mm [25.59 in.]



I shows the BTS3606E cabinet.

Figure 1.3 BTS3606E cabinet

II. Cabinet Features

The BTS3606E cabinet features:

Light weight thanks to its aluminum alloy materials

Excellent electrical conductivity and shielding effect

Good ventilation thanks to reasonable engineering of air ducts

Easy installation and maintenance

Nice and attractive appearance

III. Cabinet Configuration

The BTS3606E cabinet is composed of:

CDDU/IDFU subrack

3606E Baseband subrack

Carrier subrack

Power supply subrack

Fan box

Switch box



Cabling trough

In the –48 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is equipped with a PSU module. For

the +24 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is equipped with a module that prevents

wrong connection. The –48 V cabinet and the +24 V cabinet have no other difference.

Based on the –48 V cabinet, this section describes the configuration of the BTS3606E

cabinet.

III shows the fully-configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet with CDDUs.

CEM0

CEM1

CEM2

CEM3

CEM4

CEM5

BCKM0

BCKM1

CEM6

CEM7

CEM8

CEM9

BCIM0

BCIM1

BCIM2

BCIM3

HPCM

CDDU0

CDDU1

CDDU2

CMP

3A

CMP

2A

CMT

0R

CMP

0A

CMT

2R

CMP

4A

CMT

4R

CMP

1A

CMT

1R

CMT

5R

CMP

5A

CMT

3R

Cabling trough

PSU0

PSU1

PSU2

Cabling trough

Cabling trough

Fan tray

Sw

itch b

ox

Sw

itch b

ox

Sw

itch b

ox

Du

mm

y pan

el

CRDM1

CRDM0

Figure 1.4 A fully–configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet (with CDDUs)



III shows the shows the fully-configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet with IDFUs.

Fan box

CEM0

CEM1

CEM2

CEM3

CEM4

CEM5

BCKM0

BCKM1

CEM6

CEM7

CEM8

CEM9

BCIM0

BCIM2

BCIM3

HPCM

IDFU0

IDFU1

IDFU2

IDFU3

IDFU4

IDFU5

CMP

3A

CMP

2A

CMT

0R

CMP

0A

CMT

2R

CMP

4A

CMT

4R

CMP

1A

CMT

1R

CMT

5R

CMP

5A

CMT

3R

Cabling trough

Dum

my

pane

l PSU0

PSU1

PSU2

Sw

itch

box

CRDM0

CRDM1

BCIM1

Cabling trough

Cabling trough

Sw

itch

box

Sw

itch

box

Figure 1.5 A fully–configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet (with IDFUs)



Note:

The CCPM and CECM are collectively called the channel element module (CEM).

A slot for CEM can be inserted with either the CCPM or the CECM.

The BTS3606E can be equipped with CDDUs or IDFUs. The CDDU supports the

dual duplexer while the IDFU supports the single duplexer.

The power supply subrack in the +24 V cabinet is equipped with a module that

prevents wrong connection. This is the only difference between the +24 V cabinet

and the –48 V cabinet.

3.1.2 Subrack

The BTS3606E cabinet consists of the following subracks:

CDDU/IDFU subrack

RF subrack

Baseband subrack

Power supply subrack

The CDDU subrack and IDFU subrack cannot be configured in the same system.

I. CDDU Subrack

The CDDU subrack, in which the CDDU is configured, resides in the upper part of the

BTS3606E cabinet. The CDDU is one of the RF front end modules. It completes the

filtering and duplex isolation of two received and transmitted signals.

II. IDFU Subrack

The IDFU subrack, in which the IDFU is configured, resides on the upper part of the

BTS3606E cabinet. The IDFU is one of the RF front end modules. It completes the

filtering and duplex isolation of two received and transmitted signals.

III. RF Subrack

The RF subrack resides in the middle of the cabinet, that is, between the

CDDU/CDFU subrack and the baseband subrack. It has two layers configured with

CMTRs and CMPAs.

IV. Baseband Subrack

The baseband subrack resides on the bottom of the cabinet, that is, between the RF

subrack and the PSU subrack. It is configured with baseband boards.

V. Power Supply Subrack

In the cabinet, the power supply subrack is located under the baseband subrack. The



power supply subrack has the following features:

In the –48 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is used to house the PSUDC/DC

module. The PSUDC/DC modules provide the +24 V power to the BTS3606E.

They form the power supply subsystem together with the power distribution unit,

lightning protection unit, and monitoring unit.

In the +24V cabinet, the power supply subrack is used to house the module that

prevents wrong connection. The PSUDC/DC modules provide the +24 V power

to the BTS3606E. They form the power supply subsystem together with the

power distribution unit, lightning protection unit, and monitoring unit.

3.1.3 Board and Module

I. Boards and Modules

I lists the boards and modules of the BTS3606E.

Table 5.1 Boards and modules of the BTS3606E

Acronyms Full name

BCIM BTS Control Interface Module

BCKM BTS Control & Clock Module

CCPM Compact-BTS Channel Process Module

CECM Compact-BTS EVDO Channel Module

CDDU Compact-BTS Dual Duplexer Unit

CMPA Compact-BTS Multi-carrier Power Amplifier

CMTR Compact-BTS Multi-carrier Transceiver Module

CRDM Compact-BTS Resource Distribution Module

HPCM High Precision Clock Module

IDFU Indoor-BTS Duplexer and Filter Unit

PSU Power Supply Unit

CESP Compact-BTS E1 Surge Protector

CSLM Compact-BTS Serial port Lightningproof Module



II. Functions of Boards and Modules

II lists the functions of boards and modules in the BTS3606E.

Table 5.2 Functions of boards and modules in the BTS3606E

Acronyms Function

BCIM The BCIM connects the BTS and the BSC.

The BCIM supports the following:

Transmission through E1, T1, and FE

Transmission over ATM or IP

Six transmission link groups (IMA, UNI, FRACTIONAL ATM,

FRACTIONAL IMA, PPP, and MLPPP)

BCKM The BCKM controls and manages the BTS system to implement the following functions:

Main control

Operation and maintenance (O&M)

Clock synchronization

CCPM The CCPM is a CDMA2000 1X service processing board. It processes the CDMA2000 1X service data on the forward and reverse channels.

CECM The CECM is a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO service processing board. It processes the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO service data on the forward and reverse channels.

CDDU The CDDU contains a transmit/receive duplex isolator and a low-pass filter for two RF signals. It implements the TX/RX signal coupling test.

CMTR The CMTR implements the modulation/demodulation and up/down conversion of baseband IQ signals in the multi-carrier mode.

CMPA The CMPA amplifies modulated RF signals output by the CMTR and monitors the power amplifier.

CRDM The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.

HPCM The HPCM is optional.

If the BTS is required to maintain the clock signal for up to 72 hours

after the BTS loses the satellite synchronization clock signal, you

need to configure the HPCM in the baseband subrack.3606E

IDFU Indoor-BTS Duplexer and Filter Unit

PSU The PSU supplies power to the cabinet and monitors the power supply.



Acronyms Function

CESP The BTS E1 surge protector (CESP) implements the lightning protection for E1/T1 trunk cables.

CSLM The CSLM provides surge protection for the followings:

Alarm serial ports of the EAC

External clock serial ports

Alarm ports of external dry contact

3.2 Logical Structure

The BTS3606E system consists of the following logical subsystems:

Baseband subsystem

RF subsystem

Power supply subsystem

Antenna subsystem

3.2 shows the logical structure of the BTS3606E.

BSC

Basebandsubsy stem

Power supply and env ironment monitor subsy stem

RFsubsy stem

Abisinterface

Um interf ace

MS/ATAntenna

subsystem

BTS3606E

DC cabinet: -48 V DC/+24 V DC

Figure 1.6 BTS3606E logical structure

3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem

The baseband subsystem consists of the following modules:

BCKM

BCIM

CRDM

CCPM

CECM

HPCM

It has the following functions:

Providing Abis interface and processing signals according to the Abis interface

protocol



Providing an electrical interface and a GE interface to the RF subsystem

Processing signals according to protocols of the Um physical layer and common

channel (CCH) media access control (MAC) layer

Cascading with the ODUs through the SFP interface.

Implementing modulation/demodulation of CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000

1xEV-DO baseband signals and coding/decoding of CDMA channels

Providing synchronization clock signals to the BTS

Performing system resource management, O&M, and environment monitoring

Note:

The HPCM is optional. If the BTS is required to maintain the clock signal as long as

72 hours when the BTS cannot lock the satellite synchronization clock signal, you

need to configure the HPCM.

3.2.2 RF Subsystem

The RF subsystem consists of the CMTR, CMPA, and CDDU/IDFU.

On forward links, the RF subsystem processes signals as follows:

1) Performs power-adjustable up conversion and linear power amplification for

modulated transmit signals.

2) Filters transmit signals.

3) Sends the signals to the RF antennas.

On reverse links, the RF subsystem processes signals as follows:

1) Filters the received signals to suppress out-band interferences.

2) Performs low-noise amplification.

3) Performs noise factor-adjustable down conversion and channel-selective

filtering.

4) Sends the signals to the baseband subsystem.

3.2.3 Antenna Subsystem

The antenna subsystem includes the RF antenna and the satellite synchronization

antenna.

I. RF Antenna

This part includes the following components:

Transmit and receive antennas

Feeders



Jumpers

The RF antenna transmits and receives signals over the Um interface.

II. Satellite Synchronization Antenna

This part includes the following components:

Satellite signal receiving antenna

Feeder

Jumper

Lightning arrester

The satellite synchronization antenna receives synchronization signals from the GPS

or the RGPS or the GLONASS satellite to provide a precise clock source for the

BTS3606E.

3.2.4 Power Supply Subsystem

The power supply subsystem consists of the power distribution unit, lightning

protection unit, monitor unit, and power supply subrack.

When power input is –48 V DC, the power supply subrack houses the PSU,

which supports the –48 V DC power input and converts this power input into +24

V DC.

When power input is –48 V DC, the power supply subrack houses the module

that prevents wrong connection to support the +24 V DC input. The power

distribution module distributes the +24 V DC power to boards and modules

The power supply subsystem boasts the following features:

Current equalizing

Hot backup

Centralized management

Distributed power supply

These features improve the reliability of power supply.

3.3 Physical Ports

3.3 lists the ports in a fully-configured BTS3606E cabinet.



Table 6.1 Physical ports on the BTS3606E

Interface Type Quantity Function

Abis interface E1 or T1 32 E1s/T1s on the Abis interface connect the BTS and the BSC. E1s/T1s also support BTS cascading. When E1 is used, the BCIM provides the 75-Ohm and 120-Ohm ports. When T1 is used, BCIM provides the 100-Ohm link port.

FE 4 Transfers data to the BSC through an Ethernet network.

ODU cascading port

SFP interface

8 When the CRDM is used:

One CRDM provides four SFP

interfaces to connect ODUs. A

maximum of three levels of ODUs can

be cascaded in series.

20 When the CRDM is not used:

One CCPM/CECM provides two SFP

ports to connect ODUs. A maximum

of three levels of ODUs can be

cascaded in series.

Clock interface

GPS/GLONASS

2 Provides long-term stable clock signals.

RGPS 1 Only in +24V DC cabinet, It can support RGPS when the QCK2CSLM is used.

External synchronization clock input

1 Provides high-precision clock when GPS/GLONASS clock signals are unavailable.

Maintenance port

Power supply

and

protection

ground

(PGND) port

Ethernet port 2 Works in active/standby mode to provide local maintenance path.

Power supply

2 Provides –48 V DC/+24V DC power input.

PGND 1 Provides lightning protection for the BTS3606E.

Monitoring port

Environment monitoring port

1 Connects to the EAC.



3.4 Huawei CDMA BTS Family

Huawei provides a full range of BTS products to enable a seamless coverage for

urban, suburb, and rural areas, highway, and hot spots.

3.4 describes the applications of the Huawei BTS products.

Table 6.2 Applications of Huawei BTS products

Model Max carriers per

cabinet

Capacity Application Type

BTS3606E 36 Medium Medium and small cities and towns where enough equipment room space is available

Indoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X and 1xEV-DO

Large Densely populated areas and cities


BTS3606AE 36 Medium Medium and small cities and towns where the traffic is heavy and equipment room space is unavailable

Outdoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X and 1xEV-DO

Large Densely populated areas where the traffic is heavy and equipment room space is unavailable


BTS3601C 1 Small Indoor, underground, highway, and railroad

Outdoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X (also applicable to indoor conditions)

BTS3601CE 6 Small Indoor, underground, highway, and railroad

Outdoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X and 1xEV-DO (also applicable to indoor conditions)



BTS3606C 18 Medium Medium and small cities, towns, and the surrounding areas


BTS3606AC 9 Medium Medium and small cities, towns, and the surrounding areas


Note:

A BTS3606C cabinet supports a maximum of nine sector carriers. With cabinet

combination, a BTS3606C supports a maximum of 18 sector carriers.



Chapter 4 Services and Functions

This chapter describes the services and functions supported by the BTS3606E.


Power Control and Rate Control

Handoff

Radio Configuration

Channel Configuration

DO Enhancement Features

1X Rel A Features

DO Rev A Features

Receiver/Transmitter Diversity

Trunking Calls

4.1 Power Control and Rate Control

The CDMA system is a self-interference system. Each subscriber is an interference

source to other subscribers. If every MS transmits at the minimum power needed, the

system capacity reaches the maximum. Therefore, power control directly determines

system capacity and quality of service (QoS).

Operating in the CDMA2000 1X system, the BTS3606E adopts power control

mechanism.

Power control is classified into:

Forward power control, used to control the transmit power of the BTS

Reverse power control, used to control the transmit power of the MS

Operating in the 1xEV-DO system, the BTS3606E adopts:

Rate control in the forward direction

Power control in the reverse direction

4.1.1 Forward Power Control

Depending on the MS protocol version and system parameters, the methods of

forward power control can be:

Power Control Based on PMRM

Power Control Based on EIB

Forward Fast Power Control



I. Power Control Based on PMRM

In the power control based on power measurement report message (PMRM), the MS

determines the method and frequency of reporting PMRM according to the received

control message contained in the system parameter message.

II. Power Control Based on EIB

In the power control based on erasure indicator bit (EIB), the MS detects forward

frame quality and sends this information to the BTS in an EIB. The BTS adjusts the

transmit power according to the EIB information.

III. Forward Fast Power Control

The MS uses power control bits to adjust the transmit power of the BTS. The power

control bit can be transmitted at a maximum speed of 800 bit/s.

The CDMA2000 1X system supports high-speed data services, which requires fast

and accurate forward power control. The forward fast power control can accurately

control the transmit power of forward channels. As a result, the interference is

minimized and the capacity increases.

4.1.2 Reverse Power Control

Reverse power control includes open-loop power control and closed-loop power

control. Closed-loop power control consists of inner-loop power control and outer-loop

power control.

I. Open-Loop Power Control

The MS determines its transmit power to access the network according to the

strength of the received pilot signal.

II. Closed-Loop Power Control

The BTS sends a power control command to the MS, and adjusts its transmit power

according to the feedback from the MS.



II shows the process of the closed-loop power control.

MS BTS BSCEb/Nt FER

Power Control Bit

Eb/Nt changingquantity

Inner loop Outer loop

Figure 1.7 Closed-loop power control

In the inner-loop power control, the BTS sends power control bits to the MS according

to the received Eb/Nt value.

In the outer-loop power control, the BSC adjusts the Eb/Nt value according to:

The frame error rate (FER) of the reverse signal received in the CDMA2000 1X

network

The packet error rate (PER) of the reverse signal received in the CDMA2000

1xEV-DO network

Then the BTS sends power control bits to the MS based on the new Eb/Nt value. In

this way, the transmit power of the MS can be controlled accordingly.

4.1.3 Rate Control

Rate control applies to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO forward links only. The AT controls the

rate of the forward traffic channel through data rate control (DRC) channel

assignment.

4.2 Handoff

When an MS or AT moves out of the serving cell or sector or the signal quality

deteriorates to an unacceptable level, the MS or AT is handed off to another cell or

sector to maintain the ongoing calls.

If the system judges that a handoff can help improve the call quality and network

performance, it also initates a handoff procedure.

Different from CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO also introduces virtual soft

handoff function in forward traffic links. The following describes five types of handoffs.



4.2.1 Soft Handoff

Soft handoff occurs between neighbor cells that operate on the same frequency and

belong to different BTSs. The two BTSs can belong to the same BSC, or two different

BSCs connected with each other through the A3/A7 interface.

In the soft handoff procedure, the MS maintains the connection with the source cell till

it sets up the connection with the target cell. The MS not only sets up radio links with

multiple cells, but also selects and combine the received signals from these links to

improve conversation quality and reduce call drops.

4.2.2 Softer Handoff

Softer handoff occurs between neighbor sectors that operate on the same frequency

and belong to the same BTS. It is a special case of soft handoff.

As the MS sets up radio links through multiple sectors of a BTS, the BTS can

combine the signals received by these sectors. Therefore, the speech quality during a

softer handoff is better than that during a soft handoff.

4.2.3 Virtual Soft Handoff

Virtual soft handoff applies to 1xEV-DO forward traffic links only.

The AT monitors all pilot signals in the active set and chooses the sector with best

signals as its serving sector. Then, it receives signaling messages and data from the

selected sector. This process is called virtual software handoff.

The BTS determines whether the sector is selected according to the DRC cover.

4.2.4 Hard Handoff

In the hard handoff procedure, the MS first terminates the connection with the

previous cell, and then sets up a connection with the new cell. Therefore, call drops

may occur.

Hard handoff includes:

Intra-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between the BSCs without A3/A7

connection

Inter-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between cells operating on different

frequencies

4.2.5 Handoff Between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO System and the CDMA2000 1X System

The system supports the handoff by the CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO dual-mode terminal

between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system and the CDMA2000 1X one, thus realizing



interworking of both systems.

The dual-mode terminal performs registration, authentication, and signaling and data

exchange in the two systems through the air interfaces.

4.3 Radio Configuration

The CDMA2000 1X physical layer supports multiple radio configurations (RCs).

Different RCs support the frames of different rate sets, and feature different channel

configurations and spread spectrum structures.

The transmission combinations supported by the BTS3606E include:

Forward RC1 and reverse RC1


Forward RC3 or RC4, and reverse RC3


Each RC supports traffic channels of different data rates. The bearer capability of the

CDMA2000 1X system varies with RCs. For example, the CDMA2000 1X system with

RC1 and RC2 is compatible with IS-95A/B.

4.4 Channel Configuration

A series of physical channels are defined on the Um interface. These physical

channels are classified based on channel features. For a higher data transmission

rate, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO uses a channel design different from that of CDMA2000

1X.

4.4.1 CDMA2000 1X Channels

The following lists CDMA2000 1X channels.

I. Forward Channels

CDMA2000 1X forward channels include forward common channels and forward

dedicated channels.

Forward common channels are further divided into:

Forward pilot channel (F-PICH)

The F-PICH provides synchronization signals for the MSs. The F-PICH is an

spread spectrum signal not modulated that is always in the transmit state.

Forward synchronization channel (F-SYNCH)

The F-SYNCH provides initial time synchronization information for MSs.

Forward paging channel (F-PCH)

The F-PCH sends overhead messages and MS-specific messages to MSs. Each



CDMA channel in a sector supports seven F-PCHs at most.

Forward quick paging channel (F-QPCH)

The F-QPCH sends the paging order and system configuration change order to

slotted-mode MSs, instructing them to receive the paging messages. As a result,

the MS battery energy is saved.

Forward common control channel (F-CCCH)

The F-CCCH sends overhead messages and MS-specific messages to the MS.

Forward Broadcast Control Channel (F-BCCH)

The F-BCCH sends system broadcast messages to the MS.

Forward dedicated channels are further divided into:

Forward dedicated control channel (F-DCCH)

The F-DCCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the

BTS.

Forward fundamental channel (F-FCH)

The F-FCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS.

Forward supplemental channel (F-SCH)

The F-SCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3,

RC4, and RC5 only.

II. Reverse Channels

CDMA2000 1X reverse channels include reverse common channels and reverse

dedicated channels.

Reverse common channels are further divided into:

Reverse access channel (R-ACH)

The MS communicates with the BTS and responds to paging channel messages

through the R-ACH.

The MS uses random access protocol to initiate an access procedure. With

respect to each supported paging channel, 32 access channels can be

supported at most.

Reverse enhanced access channel (R-EACH)

The MS initiates the communication with the BTS or responds to dedicated

paging channel messages through the R-EACH.

Reverse dedicated channels are further divided into:

Reverse fundamental channel (R-FCH)

The R-FCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the BTS.

Reverse dedicated control channel (R-DCCH)



The R-DCCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the

BTS.

Reverse supplemental channel (R-SCH)

The R-SCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3

and RC4 only.

4.4.2 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Channels

The following lists CDMA2000 1xEV-DO channels.

I. Forward Channels

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO forward channels adopt the TDM mode. It includes four types

of channels:

Pilot channel

Signals transmitted on the pilot channel are not modulated. They are used for AT

synchronization and other associated functions.

In a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system, pilot channel signals are not transmitted

continuously.

Media access control (MAC) channel

There are three types of code division sub-channels in the MAC channel:

– Reverse activity (RA) sub-channel, used for reverse overload control

on the Um interface

– Reverse power control (RPC) sub-channel, used for reverse power

control

– Data rate control lock (DRCLock) sub-channel, used by the AN to

inform the AT whether the DRC channel of the AT can be properly

demodulated

Control channel

The control channel is similar to the paging channel in a CDMA2000 1X system.

It is used to broadcast various overhead messages and transmit uni-cast

messages such as paging messages.

Traffic channel

The traffic channel carries traffic data. It is a TDM channel that serves multiple

subscribers.

II. Reverse Channels

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO reverse channels include the following channels:

Reverse access channel



The AT originates calls or responds to network paging messages through the

reverse access channel. The reverse access channel consists of:

– Pilot sub-channel (transmitted on I channel)

– Data sub-channel (transmitted on Q channel)

Reverse traffic channel

The reverse traffic channels are as follows:

– Pilot channel

The pilot channel helps the coherence demodulation and phase estimation

of the BTS3606E.

– MAC channel

The MAC channel consists of reverse rate indicator (RRI) sub-channel and

DRC sub-channel.

The AT uses the DRC sub-channel to report the quality of the forward channel to

the AN. The AN can adjust the rate and the sector for transmitting data to the AT

according to DRC channel messages. In this way, the air resources can be fully

utilized.

The RRI sub-channel indicates the data channel the rate for transmitting data.

– ACK channel

The ACK channel helps the AT notify the AN whether the data packets from

forward traffic channel are correctly received. This function helps the AT

adjust its forward rate estimation to improve system performance.

– Data channel

The data channel carries reverse data. In a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system, it

can transmit data at five rates: 9.6 kbit/s, 19.2 kbit/s, 38.4 kbit/s, 76.8 kbit/s,

and 153.6 kbit/s.

4.5 DO Enhancement Features

The DO enhancement features include the BCMCS and exclusive enhanced QoS.

4.5.1 BCMCS

The BCMCS includes the following arming broadcast streams:

Static arming broadcast stream

You can configure BCMCS broadcast links on the BTS3606E. On the

configuration console, you can configure a permanent virtual channel (PVC) link

shared by subscribers to realize the broadcast.

Dynamic arming broadcast stream



The BSC dynamically assigns a physical channel to subscribers to realize the

broadcast.

The DO enhancement features support the broadcast of intra-BTS BCMCS

stream. Each broadcast stream uses a microchannel of terrestrial links.

4.5.2 Enhanced QoS

The enhanced QoS features include the following:

DO dedicated line subscribers

Inter-DO subscriber QoS

IX dedicated line subscribers

4.6 1X Rel A Features

1X Rel A supports cell broadcast short messages and forward power control.

4.6.1 Forward Power Control

The forward power control modes include:

FCH/DCCH forward fast power control

SCH forward fast power control

The combined mode of FCH/DCCH forward fast power control and SCH forward

fast power control

4.6.2 Cell Broadcast Short Message

The BTS3606E broadcasts short messages on the paging channel in multi-timeslot or

periodic mode.

4.7 DO Rev A Features

DO Rev A provides a high throughput and QoS enhanced features. DO Rev A

supports real-time services such as the Voice over IP (VoIP) and the video traffic

(VT).

4.8 Multi-Carrier Function

The BTS3606E supports multi-carrier function.

On the 450 MHz (421.68 MHz–425.85 MHz) sub bands, a CMTR/CMPA can

provide two carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver

modules can realize the configuration of S(4/4/4) or S(2/2/2/2/2/2), that is, 12

sector carriers.

On the 450 MHz (460 MHz–470 MHz) sub bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide



three carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules

can realize the configuration of S(6/6/6) or S(3/3/3/3/3/3), that is, 18 sector

carriers.

On the 800MHz, 1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide

six carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules can

realize the configuration of S(12/12/12) or S(6/6/6/6/6/6), that is, 36 sector

carriers.

4.9 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity

The BTS3606E supports the receiver diversity and transmitter diversity.

I. Receiver Diversity

This function is implemented through two sets of receiver devices. Each set of

receiver device consist of the following:

Antenna

Feeder

CDDU/IDFU

Main/diversity receiving channels

The two sets of receiving equipment demodulate the received signals at the same

time. Then the baseband processing unit decodes the signals using the diversity

combining algorithm to provide diversity gain.

Receiver diversity enhances the anti-attenuation of the BTS receiver, and ensures

reliable reception of the BTS under complicated radio environment.

II. Transmitter Diversity

The BTS3606E supports Orthogonal Transmit Diversity (OTD) and Space Time

Transmit Diversity (STTD). With these features, the maximum configuration of the

BTS3606E can be halved, for example, from S(2,2,2) to S(1,1,1).

4.10 Trunking Calls

Trunking calls supported by the CDMA digital trunking system fall into the following

three types:

Single call: A call established by two members in a call group. Any third party

cannot hear the conversation between them.

Group call: A call established in a call group, in which only one member is

allowed to talk at a time. Other members in the group can hear the voice and

pre-empt the voice right.

Broadcast call: A call established in a call group, in which the voice of the talking

member is broadcasted to all other members. But they cannot pre-empt the



voice right.



Chapter 5 Reliability

The BTS3606E is designed with professional and comprehensive protection. The

system reliability is based on the comprehensive reliability analysis of the system

hardware and software.


System Reliability

Hardware Reliability

Software Reliability

5.1 System Reliability

The system reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by:

De-rating Design

Quality Control of Components

Thermal Design

EMC Design

Threshold for Closing CMPA

Redundancy Design

Reliability Measures for Input Power

Maintainability Design

Fault Monitoring and Handling

5.1.1 De-rating Design

De-rating design aims to lower the electrical stress and temperature stress on the

high-power or heat-generating components to a value smaller than the rated one. It

slows components aging and prolongs the service life of components.

5.1.2 Quality Control of Components

The category, specifications, and providers of the components are carefully selected

based on the requirements for high reliability and maintainability.

The replaceability is also considered in selecting components.

All components feature high quality proved by burn-in test and strict inspection. Strict

quality control is implemented during assembling process to ensure high reliability

and stability in a long run.



5.1.3 Thermal Design

Thermal design focuses on the following aspects to minimize the impact of

temperature changes on product performance:

Component selection

Circuit design

Mechanical design

Heat dissipation

The thermal design ensures that the BTS3606E operates reliably in a wide range of

temperatures.

5.1.4 EMC Design

The EMC design ensures that the electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other

equipment has no impact on BTS3606E performance, and the EMI from the

BTS3606E does not affect other equipment.

5.1.5 Threshold for Closing CMPA

The BTS3606E is designed with a threshold for closing the CMPA. If the temperature

of the air intake vent at the baseband subrack exceeds 60 degrees Celsius, the

CMPA is closed. You can set the temperature for the threshold.

5.1.6 Redundancy Design

For the purpose of reliability, the system is designed with several units of the same

type. The system does not fail until all units become faulty at the same time.

5.1.7 Reliability Measures for Input Power

The BTS3606E provides the following measures to ensure the reliability of its input

power:

Protection against reverse connection of power supply

Testing on the input voltage, and generating alarms when the voltage is too low

or too high

Protection against sharp voltage drop and lightning strikes

Protection of program and data in case of power failure

5.1.8 Maintainability Design

Reasonable internal wiring of the BTS3606E enables easy board replacement. When

you remove a faulty board, the only cables you need to disconnect are those

connected to this board.



The board can be removed and installed directly from the front of the cabinet.

In addition, board indicators help you identify board status.

5.1.9 Fault Monitoring and Handling

The BTS3606E can detect and diagnose software and hardware faults. It can record,

output, and print fault information. In addition, it collects environment information and

generates alarms if there is any exception.

When a fault occurs in the hardware, the system first locates the fault, then isolates

the faulty component and activates the standby components to ensure normal

operation.

The system confirms a hardware fault through repeated detection. This avoids the

reconfiguration of the system or QoS decrease due to contingent faults.

For software faults, the system provides automatic error-correction and recovery by

restarting the system or reloading the data.

The BTS3606E also notifies users of critical faults through the network management

system. Therefore, users can easily operate and maintain the system through a

maintenance console.

5.2 Hardware Reliability

The hardware reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by:

Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards

Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface

BCKM Active/Standby Switchover

BCIM Resistance Query

BCIM 1 + 1 Backup

N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans

Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port

CE Pool Design for CCPMs

Support for Static Resource Pools

Status Monitoring and Alarm Report

The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching

function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.

Distributed Power Supply

5.2.1 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards

When a board is inserted into a wrong slot, the special guide pins prevent the board

from touching the backplane. This avoids possible damage to the backplane owing to

wrong insertion.



5.2.2 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface

The SFP interface of the board supports SFP cables and the hot-swappable optical

module.

5.2.3 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover

The BCKM supports the active/standby switchover. When the active BCKM is faulty,

the standby BCKM is takes over the services of the active BCKM.

The BCKM supports the GPS clock switchover. There are two options for the GPS

antenna configuration:

Each BCKM is configured with a set of GPS antennas.

Two BCKMs share a set of GPS antennas through a GPS divider.

5.2.4 BCIM Resistance Query

The BCIM supports resistance query. For E1 ports, you can set and query the

resistance.

5.2.5 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup

The BCIM supports 1 + 1 backup. When the active board is faulty, the standby board

is activated to ensure the stability of the control and interface of the BTS3606E.

5.2.6 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans

The baseband fans operate in the N+1 redundancy mode, with one standby fan

equipped. When one fan fails, this standby fan starts working to ensure cooling effect.

5.2.7 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port

The short circuit protection is provided for the fan power port to enhance the system

reliability.

5.2.8 CE Pool Design for CCPMs

The CCPMs operate in CE pool mode. Daisy chains are formed between:

CEM 0 and CEM 1

CEM 2 and CEM 3

CEM 4 and CEM 5

The daisy chains improve the use of channel resources and enable flexible channel

capacity configuration for each sector carrier.



5.2.9 Support for Static Resource Pools

The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching

function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.

5.2.10 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report

The BCKM monitors the status of other boards or modules, and reports alarms when

a fault occurs.

5.2.11 Distributed Power Supply

The BTS3606E adopts a distributed power supply. The DC/DC power modules

operate in N+1 redundancy mode.

When an error occurs to a power module, an alarm is generated and sent to the BAM.

You can replace the faulty module during the live operation of the system.

5.3 Software Reliability

The software reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by:

Periodic Check on Key Resources

Process Monitoring

Data Check

Fault Isolation

Black Box Function

Self-Test

Upgrade Reversibility

Log Function

5.3.1 Periodic Check on Key Resources

The BTS3606E checks the software resources that are occupied for a long time. If it

finds that certain resource becomes unavailable owing to a software error, it releases

the resource and outputs logs and alarms.

5.3.2 Process Monitoring

Process monitoring provides a channel for outputting software and hardware faults

while the software is running. This function helps monitor the running status of a task

or system, and reports the status to the related devices.

5.3.3 Data Check

Data check consists of the following contents:



Checking the consistency of data on different processing boards, restoring the

data, and outputting logs and alarms

Checking the consistency of the data entered by the user to ensure correct

reference relation among data

Restoring the data to the initial state when the modification of some data fails

Conducting automatic check upon the version upgrade of the BTS3606E

5.3.4 Fault Isolation

In the BTS3606E, if a fault occurs to a software module, other software modules will

not be affected.

The BTS3606E software also features powerful fault tolerance and correction. A

minor operation exception does not cause the system to restart.

5.3.5 Black Box Function

If a fatal error occurs to a board of the BTS3606E, the system prompts to replace the

board and records the associated information on the Flash memory of the board.

5.3.6 Self-Test

You can perform self-test on the BTS3606E system, its boards and backplanes to

locate problems efficiently and accurately.

5.3.7 Upgrade Reversibility

The BTS3606E allows you to restore the programs and data of the version before

upgrade.

5.3.8 Log Function

The O&M software can automatically record users' operations and save them into a

log file.

When an unknown error occurs to the system, you can refer to the log files to find out

the normal status for the purpose of fault location or data restoration. Log files also

save the information prior to the occurrence of board failures, which helps locate

problems efficiently.



Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance

Operation and maintenance is the basis for you to manage and maintain the

equipment. Flexible operation and maintenance can lower the operation and

maintenance cost of the equipment.

This chapter describes the structure and functions of the BTS3606E operation and

maintenance system. After reading this chapter, you can know the basic structure and

functions of the operation and maintenance system of the BTS3606E.


O&M Structure

O&M Functions

6.1 O&M Structure

This section introduces the structures of the local O&M system and M2000 system.

6.1.1 Structure of Local O&M System

6.1.1 shows the structure of the local O&M system used for the BSS/AN.

Internet

IPoEIPoA

IPoA

Router

IPoE

IPoE

Router

IPoE

BSC

BTS

BTS

IPoA: IP over ATM IPoE: IP over EthernetBTS: Base transceiver station BSC: Base station controller

Figure 1.8 Local O&M system of the BSS/AN

I. Far-End Maintenance

To realize the far-end maintenance on BTS, a local maintenance terminal (LMT) is

connected to the BSC BAM.

The local O&M system of the BSS is designed in client/server (C/S) structure, where



the LMT is a client and the BAM is a server.

The far-end maintenance process is as follows:

1) The user enters commands through the LMT.

2) The BAM processes commands from the LMT.

3) The BAM sends these commands to the host (BSC or BTS) and waits for

responses.

4) The BAM records the operation results (such as success, failure, timeout, or

abnormality) and sends the results to the LMT in a specified format.

In this way, users can manage the BTSs under the control of the BSC and carry

out network planning in a centralized way.

II. Near-End Maintenance

To realize the near-end maintenance, the LMT is directly connected to the BTS

through a network cable.

Users can log in to the BTS through Telnet client and execute MML commands to

maintain the BTS.

Users can also employ the reverse maintenance function to log in to the BSC BAM

from the BTS to realize the maintenance over the whole BSS.

6.1.2 Structure of M2000 System

The M2000 system provides centralized maintenance functions for mobile

communications equipment. Various network elements (such as BSC, MSC, and

HLR) connect to the M2000 system through local area networks (LANs) or wide area

networks (WANs).

The BSC connects to the M2000 system through the BAM.



6.1.2 shows the typical networking of the M2000 system.

M2000 ServerWS

Dialup ServerNE

PSTN

E1,DDN,X.25,frame relay

NE

NE

WS

Router

Router

Figure 1.9 Networking of the M2000 system

The M2000 system can implement the following functions:

System configuration management: enables you to perform system configuration

on the NEs such as BSC and BTS through GUIs, for example, system setting,

system maintenance, and capacity expansion.

Performance management: enables you to record the traffic measurement tasks

of NEs on the client and to view the execution results of the tasks recorded on

the whole network.

Fault management: enables you to obtain required alarm data of the NEs from

the alarm client by setting combined conditions, to views query results, and to

perform associated management operations.

6.2 O&M Functions

The operation and maintenance functions of the BTS are as follows:

Data Configuration Management

Interface Tracing

Performance Management

Alarm Management

Log Management

6.2.1 Data Configuration Management

The data configuration management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT. It has the



following features:

Easy-to-use MML interface with predictive text input function

Strict user authority defining the operation scope of each level

Reasonable task assignment for the purpose of flexible operations

Local maintenance or remote centralized maintenance

Online data modification and loading without affecting services

6.2.2 Interface Tracing

The interface tracing function of the BTS is implemented by the LMT. You can use the

maintenance navigation tree of the LMT to trace and review messages.

You can create interface or signaling tracing tasks to monitor the connection

procedure, service procedure and resource usage in real time. The traced messages

can be reviewed online or offline. Subscriber and signaling tracing helps you locate

faults conveniently.

6.2.3 Performance Management

The performance management of the BTS is implemented by the M2000. The BTS

generates the performance measurement files, and provides the FTP service. The

M2000 is used as the FTP client to receive the performance measurement file for

performance management.

The M2000 provides a convenient and comprehensive operation environment. This

enables you to carry out performance management for the entire network as needed.

With the performance management provided by the M2000, you can create, modify,

query a performance measurement task and manage the measurement results. The

information collected from performance measurement is a very important reference

for performance assessment and network optimization.

6.2.4 Alarm Management

The alarm management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT and the centralized

alarm management system of the M2000. The BTS sends the alarm information to

the LMT or the M2000, and saves the alarm information in alarm files.

The BTS collects the alarm information and divides the information by type and

severity. After this processing, the BTS sends the alarm information to the LMT or the

M2000. The LMT or M2000 displays the alarm information in GUI, providing the

location, cause, and troubleshooting suggestions.

6.2.5 Log Management

The log management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT or the SMT. The BTS



system collects and stores equipment operation, service operation, and service

communication logs.

From the logs, you can know the current or history running states of the system,

operation information, and alarm information. This helps avoid system failures.



Chapter 7 Technical Specifications

This chapter describes the major technical features of the BTS3606E.


System Performance

Physical and Electrical Specifications

Reliability Specifications

Compliant Safety Standards

EMC Standards

Environmental Requirements

7.1 System Performance

The specifications related to system performance of the BTS3606E include:

Transmitter and Receiver Specifications

Cascading Specifications

Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications

7.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications

This section provides the specifications of the BTS3606E transmitters and receivers

operating on different bands.

Note:

The transmit power is the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet.

The multi-carrier transmit power is the total power instead of the power of an

individual channel.

The signal receiver sensitivity is the main and diversity receive sensitivity at the

RC3.



I. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 0

I and I list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on the

band class 0.

Table 9.1 Specifications of BTS3606E transmitters operating on band class 0

Item Specifications

Operating band 869 MHz to 894 MHz

Channel bandwidth 1.23 MHz

Channel precision 30 kHz

Frequency tolerance ≤ 0.05 ppm

Transmit power 100 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode and in an altitude lower than 3500 m)

Table 9.2 Specifications of BTS3606E receivers operating on band class 0

Item Specifications




Signal receiver sensitivity Better than –128 dBm (RC3, main and diversity receiving)

II. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 1

II and II list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on

the band class 1.


Item Specifications





Transmit power 60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode and in an altitude lower than 3500 m)




Item Specifications





III. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 5

III and III list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on

the band class 5.


Item Specifications

Operating band 421.68MHz to 425.85MHz, 460 MHz to 470 MHz


Channel precision 25 kHz, 20 kHz


Transmit power 460 MHz to 470 MHz:

60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the

cabinet when the BTS works in the three-carrier mode and

in an altitude lower than 3500 m)

421.68MHz to 425.85MHz:

40 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the

cabinet when the BTS works in the two-carrier mode and in

an altitude lower than 3500 m)


Item Specifications

Operating band 411.68 MHz to 415.85 MHz, 450 MHz to 460 MHz


Channel precision 25 kHz, 20 kHz




IV. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 6

IV and IV list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on

the band class 6 (2100 MHz band).


Item Specifications




Frequency tolerance ≤ ±0.05 ppm

Transmit power 60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode)


Item Specifications





7.1.2 Cascading Specifications

7.1.2 lists the specifications of the BTS3606E with respect to ODUs cascading in

CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO networks.

Table 9.9 Specifications of BTS3606E with respect to ODUs cascading

Item Specifications

ODU3601C Maximum distance of single cascading

Depending on the type of the optical module, the maximum distance of single cascading may be either of the following values:

10 km [6.21 mi]

70 km [43.50 mi]

Maximum number of cascading levels

3



Item Specifications

Maximum total distance after cascading

90 km [55.93 mi]

ODU3601CE Maximum distance of single cascading

Depending on the type of the optical module, the maximum distance of single cascading may be one of the following values:

10 km [6.21 mi]

40 km [24.86 mi]

70 km [43.50 mi]

Maximum number of cascading levels

3

Maximum total distance after cascading

90 km [55.93 mi]

7.1.3 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications

The bit error rates (BERs) of transmission links has the same impact on the UNI and

IMA. 7.1.3 lists the BER threshold specifications of transmission links.

Table 9.10 BER threshold specifications of transmission links

Type Max. BER threshold

1X voice service 2 10e-4

Packet service 2 10e-6

Maintenance function 5 10e-5

7.2 Physical and Electrical Specifications

7.2 lists the physical and electrical specifications of the BTS3606E.

Table 9.11 Physical and electrical specifications of the BTS3606E

Item Specifications

Cabinet dimensions (height width depth)

1,600 mm [62.99 in.] x 600 mm [23.62 in.] x 650 mm [25.59 in.]

Cabinet weight Empty cabinet: ≤ 155 kg [341.78 lb]

Fully-configured cabinet (without the mount set): ≤ 280 kg

[617.40 lb]



Item Specifications

Power supply –48 V (–40 V DC to –60 V DC)

+24 V (+23 V DC to +29 V DC)

Power consumption (in typical configuration

–48 V DC power supply: ≤ 3590 W

+24 V DC power supply: ≤ 3160 W

Ambient temperature

–5°C to +50°C [23°F to 122°F]

Relative humidity 5% to 95%

Equipment room noise

≤ 65 dBA (varies with the ambient temperature)

7.3 Reliability Specifications

7.3 lists the reliability specifications of the BTS3606E.

Table 9.12 Reliability specifications of the BTS3606E

Item Specification

Availability ≥ 99.999%

MTBF (Mean time between system failures) ≥ 100000 h

MTTR (Mean time to repair) ≤ 1 h

7.4 Compliant Safety Standards

The BTS3606E complies with the following safety standards:

GB4943–2000: Safety of information technology equipment.

IEC60950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical

Business Equipment.

IEC60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment.

CAN/CSA–C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, Video and Similar Electronic Equipment.

CAN/CSA–C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of Information Technology Equipment

Including Electrical Business Equipment.

UL 1419 Standard for Professional Video and Audio Equipment

73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive.

UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical

Business Equipment.

IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP



Code).

GOST 30631–99. General Requirements to machines, instruments and other

industrial articles on stability to external mechanical impacts while operating.

GOST R 50829–95. Safety of radio stations, radio electronic equipment using

transceivers and their components. The general requirements and test methods.

GOST 12.2.007.0–75. Electrotechnical devices. The general safety

requirements.

7.5 EMC Standards

The BTS3606E complies with the following EMC standards:

89/336/EEC EMC directive Council directive of 3 May 1989 on approximation of

laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility;

CISPR 22 (1997): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance

characteristics of information technology equipment";

IEC 61000-6-1: 1997; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic

standards ∗ Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial

environments";

IEC 61000-6-3: 1996; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic

standards ∗ Section 3: mission standard for residential, commercial and light

industrial environments";

IEC 61000-4-2 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing

and measurement techniques ∗ Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test";


and measurement techniques ∗ Section 3: Radiated, radio-frequency

electromagnetic field immunity test";


and measurement techniques ∗ Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity

test";


and measurement techniques ∗ Section 5: Surge immunity test";


and measurement techniques ∗ Section 6: Immunity to contacted disturbances,

induced by radio frequency fields";

ITU-T Recommendation K.20, Resistibility of Telecommunication Switching

Equipment to Overvoltages and Overcurrents;

CFR 47, FCC Part 15-Radio Frequency Device;

TS 25.113v3.1.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification

Group Radio Access Networks; Base station EMC;

ITU-R Rec. SM.329-7: "Spurious emissions";

GOST R 51318.22-99: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment.

Man-made noise from informational equipment. Limits and test methods;



GOST 30429-96. "Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Man-

made noise from equipment and apparatus used together with service receiver

systems of civil application. Limits and Test methods.

7.6 Environmental Requirements

Environmental requirements for the BTS3606E include the requirements for the

storage, transportation, and operation of the equipment.

The environmental requirements for the BTS3606E must comply with the following

standards:

GB4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).

GB4798 Environmental conditions for electrician and electronic products

application.

IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).

IEC 60721-3-1: Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification

of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 1: Storage.

IEC 60721-3-2: Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification

of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 2:

Transportation.

IEC 60721–3–3 (1994): Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3:

Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities -

Section 3: Stationary use at weather protected locations.

IEC 60721–3–4 (1995): Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3:

Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities -

Section 4: Stationary use at non-weather protected locations.

ETS 300 019-2-1: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and

environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 2-1, Specification of

environmental tests Storage.



environmental tests Transportation.



environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at weather-protected

locations.



environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at non-weather-protected

locations.

IEC 60068–2–1 (1990): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold.

IEC 60068–2–2 (1974): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat.



IEC 60068–2–6 (1995): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Fc:

Vibration (sinusoidal).

GOST 15150–69: Machines, instruments and other industrial articles.

Applications for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and

transportation conditions in compliance with the environmental factors.

GOST 23088–80: Electronic equipment. Requirements to packing and

transportation and test methods.

7.6.1 Storage Environment

This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical

stress requirements for equipment storage.

I. Climatic Requirements

I lists the climatic requirements for equipment storage.

Table 9.13 Climatic requirements for equipment storage

Item Range

Temperature–40

.C to +70

.C

Temperature change rate≤ 1

.C/min

Relative humidity 5%–100%

Altitude ≤ 5000 m

Air pressure 70 kPa–106 kPa

Solar radiation ≤ 1120 W/m²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/m²

Wind speed ≤ 30 m/s

II. Waterproof Requirements

The equipment is usually stored in a room where:

No water accumulates on the ground or drops onto the package.

The equipment is kept away from water sources such as hydrant and air-conditioner.

If the equipment is placed outdoor, make sure that:

The package is intact.

Waterproof measures are applied to prevent water penetration.

No water accumulates on the ground or drops onto the package.

The package is not exposed directly to the sunlight.



III. Biological Requirements

Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of:

Fungus or mildew

Rodents such as rats

IV. Air Purity Requirements

The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive or corrosive

dust.

The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in

IV.

Table 9.14 Requirements for physically active materials in storage environment

Physically active material Unit Density

Suspended dust mg/m³ ≤ 5.00

Falling dust mg/m²·h ≤ 20.0

Sand mg/m³ ≤ 300

Note: Suspended dust: Diameter ≤ 75μm

Falling dust: 75μm≤ Diameter ≤150μm

Sand: 150μm≤ Diameter ≤1000μm

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in

IV.

Table 9.15 Requirements for chemically active materials in storage environment

Chemically active material Unit Density

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05



V. Mechanical Stress Requirements

V lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during storage.

Table 9.16 Mechanical stress-related requirements for storage

Item Sub-item Range

Sinusoidal vibration

Offset ≤ 3.5 mm -

Accelerated speed - ≤ 10.0 m/s²

Frequency range 2 Hz–9 Hz 9 Hz–200 Hz

7.6.2 Transportation Environment


stress requirements for equipment transportation.


I lists the climatic requirements for equipment transportation.

Table 9.17 Climatic requirements for equipment transportation

Item Range

Temperature–40

.C to +70

.C

Temperature change rate ≤ 3.C /min

Relative humidity 5%–95%

Altitude ≤ 5000 m


Solar radiation ≤ 1120W/m²

Heat radiation ≤ 600W/m²

Wind speed ≤ 30m/s

Precipitation ≤ 6mm/min

II. Waterproof Requirements

Before transporting the equipment, make sure that:

The package is intact.

Waterproof measures are applied to prevent water penetration.

No water accumulates in the vehicle.



III. Biological Requirements

Ensure that the vehicle is free of:

Fungus or mildew


IV. Air Purity Requirements

The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive, or corrosive

dust.


IV.

Table 9.18 Requirements for physically active materials in transportation environment


Suspended dust mg/m³ No requirement

Falling dust mg/m²·h ≤ 3.0

Sand mg/m³ ≤ 100

Note: Suspended dust: Diameter ≤ 75μm

Falling dust: 75μm ≤ Diameter ≤ 150μm

Sand: 150μm ≤ Diameter ≤ 1000μm


IV.

Table 9.19 Requirements for chemically active materials in transportation

environment


SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05



V. Mechanical Stress Requirements

V lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during transportation.

Table 9.20 Requirements for mechanical stress in transportation environment

Item Sub-item Range


Offset ≤ 7.5mm - -

Accelerated speed - ≤ 20.0 m/s² ≤ 40.0 m/s²

Frequency range 2 Hz–9 Hz 9 Hz–200 Hz 200 Hz–500 Hz

Random vibration

Spectrum density of accelerated speed

30 m²/s³ 3 m²/s³ 1 m²/s³

Frequency range 2 Hz–10 Hz 10 Hz–20 Hz 200 Hz–2000 Hz

Unsteady impact

Impact response spectrum II

≤ 300 m/s²

Static payload ≤ 10 kPa

Note:

Impact response spectrum: The maximum acceleration response curve generated

by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II

means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.

Static payload: The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure

from the top in normal pile-up method.

7.6.3 Operation Environment


stress requirements for equipment operation.




I and I list the climatic requirements for equipment operation.

Table 9.21 Requirements for temperature and humidity in operation environment

Temperature Relative humidity

Normal Safe 5%–95%

–5.C to +50

.C –10

.C to +55

.C

Note:

The values are measured 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the

equipment, without protective panels in front of or behind the cabinet.

Safe operation refers to continuous operation for no more than 48 hours or

accumulated operation of no more than 15 days in a year.

Table 9.22 Requirements for other climatic factors in operation environment

Item Range

Altitude ≤ 4000 m


Temperature change rate ≤ 3.C /min

Solar radiation ≤ 700 W/m²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/m²

Wind speed ≤ 1 m/s

II. Biological Requirements

Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of:

Fungus or mildew


III. Air Purity Requirements

The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive, or corrosive

dust.




III.

Table 9.23 Requirements for physically active materials in operation environment


Dust particles Particles/m³ ≤ 3 x 104

(Visible dust should not

accumulate on the desktop within

three days)

Note:

Dust particles: Diameter ≥ 5 µ m


III.

Table 9.24 Requirements for chemically active materials in operation environment


SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.20

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.006

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

IV. Mechanical Stress Requirements

IV lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during operation.

Table 9.25 Requirements for mechanical stress in operation environment

Item Sub-item Range


Offset ≤ 3.5 mm -

Accelerated speed

- ≤ 10.0 m/s²

Frequency range 2 Hz–9 Hz 9 Hz–200 Hz

Unsteady impact Impact response spectrum II

≤ 100 m/s²

Static payload 0



Item Sub-item Range

Note:

Impact response spectrum: The maximum acceleration response curve generated

by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II

means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.

Static payload: The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure

from the top in normal pile-up method.



Chapter 8 Installation

This chapter briefly describes the installation, upgrade and expansion of the

BTS3606E.


System Installation

System Expansion and Upgrade

8.1 System Installation

The BTS3606E system is assembled in the factory. Before delivery, all cable

connections inside the cabinet are completed and the system is pre-commissioned

based on the site conditions.

On site, engineers only need to install cabinets, boards or modules, and external

cables according to the instructions in the hardware installation manual.

Boards and modules of the BTS3606E can be inserted and removed easily from the

front side.

Ports for external cables, such as power cables, transmission cables, and signal

cables, are on the top of the cabinet with remarkable silk-screen marks.

Before delivery, the BTS3606E is installed with necessary software and configured

with typical scripts. After the hardware is installed and tested, the system is ready to

operate upon power-on.

All these efforts save installation time on site, enabling operators to build networks

and to deliver services relatively quickly.

8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade

The BTS3606E allows you to expand system capacity by inserting new channel

processing boards and/or RF modules in the existing cabinet without adding

additional cabinets.

The BTS3606E offers a powerful software upgrade tool. This tool collects upgrade

information and gives related upgrade messages automatically.


Documents

Cdma Bts 3606e