Ch 14 Inheritance Student

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PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN 2007

CHAPTER 14: INHERITANCE

Multiple Choice Questions

For Question 1 to 15, each question is followed by four alternative answers A, B, C or D.

Choose one correct answer for each question and blacken the corresponding space in your

objective answer sheet.

14.1 Concept of Inheritance Based on Mendels Experiment

1. Diagram 14.1 shows a pair of homologous chromosomes. The alphabets represent

the gene in the chromosomes.

Q and q represent

A. linked genes

B alleles

C. genotypesD. phenotype

2. If T represents the allele for tallness and t the allele for dwarfness, then an individual

with Tt is

A. homozygous for tallness

B heterozygous for tallness

C. homozygous for dwarfness

D. heterozygous for dwarfness

3. Two pure-bred plants with the genotypes BBRR and bbrr respectively are crossed. F1

offspring were allowed to self-pollinate. How many types of phenotypes are produced if

B and R are dominant?

A. 2

B 4

C. 8

D. 16

BIOLOGY QUESTION BANK14-1

P q R s T U

p Q R S t u

DIAGRAM 14.1


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4. Diagram 14.2 shows the inheritance of type of eye colour in humans. Gene for blue

eyes is recessive.

First generation

Second generation

Third generation

Key :Male brown eyes

Male blue eyes

Female blue eyes

Female brown eyes

Which of the following conditions are true of P and Q?

P Q

A heterozygous Homozygous dominant

B heterozygous Homozygous recessive

C Heterozygous dominant heterozygous

D Homozygous recessive heterozygous

5. The allele for black hair in human is dominant to the allele for brown hair. A man with

black hair is heterozygous while his wife has brown hair. The probably of getting a child with

brown hair is

A. 1

B

C.

D.

14.2 Inheritance

6. A married couple has different blood group. Ahmad has a blood group A, whereas his

wife has a blood group B.


P

Q

DIAGRAM 14.2


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Determine the possible blood group of their children.

A. It could only be blood group AB

B. It could only be blood group A or B

C. It could only be blood group A, B or O

D. It could only be blood group O

7. Which of the following represented the alleles of the human blood group?

A. ABO

B. Xa Xb Xo

C. Aa B bOo

D. IA IB IO

8. Erythroblastosis fetalis is the problem of new born baby that related to

A. blood transfusion incompatibility

B. Rh factor

C. malnutrition

D. mothers drug abuse.

9. Diagram 14.3 shows the human karyotype.

The abnormal number of the chromosome 21 is a result of non-disjunction during

A. meiosis

B. mitosis

C. cytokinesis

D. plasmolysis

10. Heredity diseases are disease that can be transmitted from parent to their offspring.

Which of the following is not the heredity disease?

A. Haemophillia


The karyotype of a malewith Downs syndrome

DIAGRAM 14.3


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B. Colour blindness

C. Muscular dystrophy

D. Malaria

14.3 Understanding Genes and Chromosomes

11. Diagram 14.4 shows a part of the DNA structure.

Figure 1

Which of the following represents J,K,L and M ?

J K L M

A Deoxyribose

sugar

Nitrogenous

base

Phosphate

group

Phosphate

group

B Phosphate

group

Deoxyribose

sugar

Nitrogenous

base

Nitrogenous

base

C Phosphategroup

Nitrogenousbase

Deoxyribose Phosphategroup

D Nitrogenous

base

Deoxyribose

sugar

Nitrogenous

base

Phosphate

group

12. The uses of DNA fingerprint are

I. to identify the parent of someone

II. to solve criminal cases

III. to identify diseases inherited

IV. to identify a baby claimed by different mothers


DIAGRAM 14.4


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A. I and IV only

B. II and III only

C. I, II and III only

D. I, II, III and IV

13. Which of the following is not true about DNA fingerprinting?

A. It is a print pattern from the right thumb

B. It can be made from a blood sample, hair or semen sample

C. It is used in forensic work

D. It can be used to confirm animal pedigrees

14. What are the advantages of introducing genetic engineering in agriculture?

I. Increase the food yield

II. Improve the food quality

III. Increase in resistance to pests and diseases

A. I only

B I and II only

C. II and III only

D. I, II, III

15. Which of the following is not the objective of the Human Genome Project?

A. Determine the sequence of all the base pairs found in the DNA of the human

genome

B Make map showing the exact locations of genes for major sections of human

chromosomes

C. Produce linkage maps where inherited traits can be tracked over generations

D. To determine the sex of foetus

Structured Items




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1. Diagram 14.5 shows a cross between two varieties of pea plants in which tall pea plant

with red flowers is crossed with short pea plant with white flowers. Both plants are pure

bred.

(a) (i) Complete the alleles in Figure 1. [2 marks]

(ii) State the type of cross shown in Figure 1.

[1 mark]

(b) (i) State the genotype of plants in F1 generation.

[1 mark]

(ii) State the phenotype of plants in F1 generation


Parent

Diagram 14.5

Key :

T tall

t short

R red flowers

r white flowers

F1

generation

Gametes

T

R

T

R

t

r

t

r

T

R

T

R

T

R

T

R

t

r

t

r

t

r

t

r

t

r

T

R


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[1 mark]

(c) If crossing over between genes takes place in the individuals of F1 generation

during meiosis, draw the possible gametes produced from the F1 generation.

[2 marks]

(d) Table 14.1 shows an incomplete Punnetts of crossing made between a

heterozygous plant for tallness and the red flowers and a homozygous

recessive plant for the same traits.

Gametes TR Tr tr

tr ttRr

(i) Complete Table 1 to show the various offspring produced. [2

marks]

(ii) Explain the results.

[3 marks]

(iii) What is the percentage of the offspring produced for short pea plant with

white flowers?

[1 mark]

14.2 Inheritance


TABLE 14.1


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2. Diagram 14.6 shows the pedigree of a family for the haemophillia disease.

Haemophollia is a hereditary sex-linked disease cause by a recessive allele found on

the X chromosome.

Hassan Anis

Akmal Adam Esah

Key :

Male normal XH XH, XHY

Male haemophillia Xh Xh, Xh Y

Female normal XH Xh

Female haemophillia

(a) (i) What is Anis genotype?

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain how her genotype is determined.

[2 marks]

(b) (i) What is the genotype of Hassan?

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain how his genotype is determined.

[2 marks]


DIAGRAM 14.6


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(c) Esah has a heterozygote genotype, while Adam is a haemophillia patient.

Illustrate by using a schematic diagram to show their children genotype and

phenotype probability. [4 marks]

(d) What is the probability of their son to get haemophilia?

[1mark]

(e) What is the meaning ofhereditary sex-linked?

[2marks]




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3. Diagram 14.7 shows the molecular arrangement of part of a DNA molecule.

(a) (i) Name the basic unit that made up the DNA molecule.

[1mark]

(ii) Circle on the diagram above to show a basic unit of DNA molecule.

[1mark]

(iii) Name the component that made up the basic unit named in (a)(i).

[1mark]

(b) Describe the structure of the DNA molecule.

[1mark]

(c) The DNA carries the genetic codes that determine the characteristic of

organism. Which part of the molecules that form the genetic codes?

[1mark]


DIAGRAM 14.7


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(d) Complete Diagram 14.8 below to show the organization of a chromosome.

[5marks]


Chromosome

DNA

DIAGRAM 14.8


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Essay Items


1. (a)

Explain the above statement by using the monohybrid cross between a homozygous

dominant long-winged Drosophilia is mated with a homozygous recessive vestigal-

winged Drosophila.

[10 marks]

(b) A dihybrid cross between two varieties of oil palm, Dura and Pasifera, produces a new

variety, Tenera. Tenera has better quality fruits compared to Dura and Pisifera as

shown in Table 14.2.

Oil palm varietyCharacteristics of the trait

Genotype Phenotype

Dura hhFFThin husk

Thick flesh

Pisifera HHff Thick husk

Thin flesh

TeneraThick husk

Thick flesh

Table 14.2Key :

H represents dominant allele for thick husk

F represents dominant allele for thick flesh

Using a schematic diagram, explain why self-crossing between the Tenera variety

does not produce offspring of the same quality as their parents.

[10 marks]

14.2 Inheritance


Mendels First law :

The characteristic of an organism is determined by a pair of genes locatedat the same locus of a pair of homologous chromosomes. Only one of the

pair of genes can be present in a gamete.


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2. (a) Mala and Siva is a married couple with four girls. Siva always blamed his wife

because of not give birth a baby boy. As a consultant at LPPKN, please consult

these couple to understand the fact related to the sex determination of babies.

Draw a schematic diagram to explain your answer.

[10 marks]

(b) Dina has a problem to get a second child with the history of three times

baby stillborn. After consulted by a specialist, she found that she is facing

with the problem of Rh factor. As a specialist explain to Dina to understand her

problem.

[10marks]


1. Diagram 14.9 show three different molecules which are found in the DNA.

(a) Describe the structure of the DNA. [4 marks]

(b)

The transfer of genes or DNA plays an important role in genetic engineering.

For instance, gene from humans can be transferred to bacterial cells. Once

inside the bacteria, these human gene control the bacterial cells. This causes

the bacteria to synthesise something they would not normally make in nature.For example, bacteria can produce human insulin.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering.

[6 marks]

(c) Describe briefly on the important of DNA fingerprinting and human genome

project to mankind. [ 10 marks]


Phosphate Base Sugar

DIAGRAM 14.9

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Ch 14 Inheritance Student