Akihiko NakajimaSolar Energy Division, Kaneka Corporation

Challenges to Overcomebefore Spreading BIPV System

OUTLINE 1. Incentive, Regulation

2. BIPV system cost

3. Power generation

4. Reliability issues

5. Standardization

■経済産業省 Ｈ２９年度省エネ事業概算要求

2020 50% of newly-built Zero Energy House 2030 50% of newly-built Zero Energy Buliding

The Cost of BIPV Power Generation System

MD

Roof

MD

BOS

ConstructionMaintain

BOSConstruction

Maintain

PV cost

Housing cost

net PV cost

BIPV BAPV

House House

Phot

ovol

taic

Sys

tem

Cos

t

Construction

Maintain

BOS

Wall, Window

MDPhot

ovol

taic

Sys

tem

Cos

t

net PV cost

Building Building

MD

BOS

ConstructionMaintain

PV cost

Building cost

Toward a Grid Parity

Power Gen. CostOperated for 40 years

7YEN/kWhCost Reduction

by BIPV-23%

CapacityFactor

10.8%

Improvement of Performance for BIPV module

Low refl. Type

Ordinary Type

March April May June July August

Calendar of Year in 2015

Photovoltaic Module and Array Performance Characterization Methods for All System Operating Conditions

David L. KingSandia National Laboratories

Photovoltaic Systems Department, MS0752, Albuquerque, NM 87185

Optimization of reflection properties

WL＝550nm)

Ordinary Type

Low refl. Type

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Isc（

低反

射防

眩Ｍ

Ｄ）

/Isc

（通

常Ｍ

Ｄ）

壁面設置太陽電池モジュールへの太陽光入射角（度）

低反射モジュールの表面構造の最適化Improvement of Incidence Angle Properties

Isc

of L

ow R

efl.

Mod

ule

/ Isc

of O

rdin

ary

Mod

ule

Angle of Incident Sun Light on solar module surface plane

Calculation results of annual insolation

【BIPV system on Building Wall】

Optimization of BIPV system on Building Wall

Tilt Angle

Annual

inso

lation f

or

sola

r pa

nels

at

tached o

n v

ert

ical

wal

l (M

J/m

2)

Interval between each solar panels

Direction: South

Location: Toyooka

See-through type Thin film Si

Low ref. type Thin film Si

Window

High efficiency c-Si

Light-through type c-Si

Wall Roof

BIPV modules for ZEB

●エム・エス・ケイ様長野工場新社屋 場所：長野県 佐久市規模：3.3kW種類：KN38竣工：2003年設計：市川測量設計施工：大和ﾊｳｽ工業

5% transparency

10% transparency

●山梨県立中央病院様 場所：山梨県 甲府市規模－ｋＷ種類：KN38竣工：2004年設計：日建設計施工：大成･早野組･長田組土木JV

ＪＲ 金沢駅 東広場（バスターミナルセンター）

JR Kanazawa station

Low-EBack glass

Front glass

Thin film Si cell

Reduction of Energy Consumption by PV Panels

Back glassFront glass

Thin film Si cell

Heat Insulation Performance of PV Panels

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

日射

熱取

得率

熱貫流率 [W/（K･m2）]

Ir-cut double glazing

See-Through Type

Thin film Si

BIPV

U-value

G-v

alue

Partial Shadow

Partial Shadow↓①Partial heating on shadowed cell↓②Changing electrical and material properties ↓③Deterioration of insulation and mechanical properties

thermal image of shaded cell

Partial shadow takes place partial heating periodically, which affects the structure and the components.

①UV, Humidity, Temperature ↓②Changing chemical properties of polymeric materials↓③Deterioration of adhesion between glass and cells↓④Damage of insulation structure↓⑤Lack of electrical safety

Lack of insulation and outlook on facade

Delamination

Delamination

TCATC

Development of accelerated TC test

Thermal Cycling Test

Pm

ax

cycle numbers

Glass in building — Laminated solar photovoltaic glass for use in buildings（DIS18178)

c-Si thin film Si thin film Si

Photovoltaic modules for building curtain wall applications（IEC62980)

BAPV BIPV

ＩＥＣ６１２１５／ＩＥＣ６１６４６

ＩＥＣ６１７３０

Retest guide line for typeapproval

Performance under LTC andpartial shadow

Safety under partial shadow

Long term reliability

Maintenance guideline

Energy economy and heatretention

Mechanical resistance andstability

Safety in case of fire

Hygiene, health and theenvironment

Safety in use

Protection against noise

Electrical

Buliding-related

Application CategoryStandards,

RequirementSubject

BIPV Standardization in Japanese Committee

Bypass diode

System cost

Energy consumption

Japanese BIPV international

Standardization

ＥＮ５０５８３

ＤＩＳ１８１７８

Ｉｓｓｕｅs of BIPV Standardization

Categorization and appropriate requirements BIPV or BAPV Electrical or Building-rerated

Performance testmeasurement method under partial shadow under LTC or diffusive light dependence on incidence of light

Low energy consumptioncomply with primary energy consumption referencecomply with low carbon referencepower estimation of BIPVZEH and ZEB

Ｉｓｓｕｅs of BIPV Standardization

Long term reliabilityElectrical SafetyElectrical maintenance guidelineDurability Acceleration test for estimation of EOLPV power estimation in a lifetime

Retest guideline harmonized with design qualification and type-approvalsize of testing coupons and requirements

Deregulation and regulationdesign, size, color, etc.Safety in case of fire, noise, etc.

AcknowledgementThis presentation is based on results obtained from a project commissioned by

the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).

Thank you for your attention.