Chapter 5 Opener: Male red-sided garter snakes emerging from hibernation are ready to mate

5.1 Different courtship displays of the male ring dove are under the control of different hormones

5.2 Nervous system of a praying mantis

5.3 A no-brainer

Arnold Adolph Berthold 1803 – 1861Founder of Endocrinology

Berthold’s Experiment in Roosters….

Castration Castration &Reimplantationof testis

Castration &Transplantationof testis

Berthold’s Conclusion...

-A secretory, blood-borne product of the transplanted testesis responsible for the normal development of the birds in thesecond and third group

Today, it is called TESTOSTERONE

-’problem’: no one knows why Berthold did the experiment in the first place…. No clear rationale for it.

5.4 Nervous system and digestive system of a blowfly

5.5 Record of neural and behavioral activity of a calling cricket

5.6 Circadian rhythms in cricket calling behavior

5.7 The cricket nervous system

5.8 A master clock may regulate mechanisms controlling circadian rhythms within individuals

5.9 The genetics of biological clocks in mammals and fruit flies (Part 1)

5.9 The genetics of biological clocks in mammals and fruit flies (Part 2)

5.10 Mutations of the per gene affect the circadian rhythms of fruit flies

5.11 Expression of the gene that codes for PK2 in the SCN

5.12 Circadian control of wheel-running by white rats changes when the rats are injected with PK2

5.13 Naked mole-rats lack a circadian rhythm

5.14 Circannual rhythm of the golden-mantled ground squirrel

5.15 Circannual rhythm in a stonechat (Part 1)

5.16 Lunar cycle of banner-tailed kangaroo rats

5.17 A cycle of photosensitivity

5.18 A hormonal response to light

5.20 Photoperiod affects testis size in the red crossbill

5.21 Regulation of infanticide by male house mice (Part 1)

Infanticide can be affected by manipulation of the circadian rhythm.

5.21 Regulation of infanticide by male house mice (Part 2)

5.22 A hormonal effect on infanticidal behavior in laboratory mice

Progesterone appears to be the key to inducing infanticide. Males lacking this gene, do not display infanticide.

Measurements:• Anogenital Distance• Interoccular Distance• Body Length• Weight

Pup Morphology as a Measure of Development

Reproductive BehaviorsReproductive Behaviors in Rats

Reproductive Behaviors - Data

Male Reproductive Behaviors:

• Mounts• Intromissions• Ejaculations

Reproductive Behaviors - Data

Female Reproductive Behavior:LordosisLordosis Score of “0”Lordosis Score of “1”Lordosis Score of “2”Lordosis Score of “3”

Reproductive Behaviors - Results

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Avg. Mounts Avg. Intromissions

CM TM

Average Mounts vs. Average Intromissions

Percentage of Animals Displaying Sex Behavior

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

120.00%

Pre-Ejaculatory Behaviors Ejaculation

CM TM

Results of Male Reproductive Behavior Tests Following Developmental Exposure to PFOA

5.23 Testosterone and progesterone levels in two categories of male California mice

NS

Significant

5.24 Testosterone and the control of sexual motivation in male Japanese quail (Part 1)

5.24 Testosterone and the control of sexual motivation in male Japanese quail (Part 2)

Estradiol is actually the hormone that is associated with male sexual motivation.

5.25 An associated reproductive pattern

5.28 The effects of castration followed by testosterone therapy on three male guinea pigs

5.30 The chemical structure of testosterone and its diverse effects on physiology and behavior

5.32 Testosterone and territorial behavior (Part 1)

5.34 Spring mating aggregation of red-sided garter snakes

5.35 Testosterone and the long-term maintenance of mating behavior