TIU CHUN XY DNG VIT NAM TCXDVN 333 : 2005

CHIU SNG NHN TO BN NGOI CC CNG TRNH CNG CNG

V K THUT H TNG THN - TIU CHUN THIT K Artificial outdoor lighting for public buildings and

urban infrastructure - Design standard LI NI U Tiu chuNn TCXDVN 333:2005 Chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cc cng trnh cng cng v k thut h tng th - Tiu chuNn thit k c B trng B Xy dng ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 08/2005/Q-BXD ngy 04 thng 04 nm 2005. Tiu chuNn ny thay th cho tiu chuNn TCXD 95:1983 Tiu chuNn thit k chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cng trnh xy dng dn dng. 1. Phm vi p dng Tiu chuNn ny p dng tnh ton thit k, gim st v nghim thu nh gi cht lng cc cng trnh xy dng h thng chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cc cng trnh cng cng v k thut h tng th thay th cho tiu chuNn xy dng TCXD 95 : 1983 - Tiu chuNn thit k chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cng trnh xy dng dn dng. Cc cng trnh cng cng v k thut h tng th c hiu bao gm cc thnh phn sau: - Cc cng trnh th: im giao thng cng cng ngoi tri; ng, cu v ng hm

dnh cho ngi i b; bn ngoi cc khu trng hc, bnh vin, trung tm thng mi, hi ch trin lm v cc tr s.

- Cng vin, vn hoa. - Cc cng trnh kin trc - Tng i - i phun nc. - Cc cng trnh th dc th thao ngoi tri. Ghi ch: Khi thit k chiu sng, ngoi vic tun theo tiu chuNn ny cn phi tun theo cc tiu

chuNn, quy phm hin hnh c lin quan. Tiu chuNn ny khng p dng thit k chiu sng nhn to bn trong cc cng trnh

th (N h ga , bn xe ....) v cc cng trnh th dc th thao trong nh hoc c mi che kn. Cc thut ng k thut chiu sng s dng trong tiu chuNn ny c gii thch trong Ph

lc 1, ngoi ra c th tham kho tiu chuNn TCVN 4400:1987 - K thut chiu sng - Thut ng v nh ngha.

2. Tiu chun vin dn 2.1. TCVN 4400:1987 - K thut chiu sng - Thut ng v nh ngha. 2.2. TCXDVN 259:2001 - Tiu chuNn TK chiu sng nhn to ng, ng ph, qung trng th. 2.3. 11 TCN 18:1984 - Quy phm trang b in - Phn 1: Quy nh chung. 2.4. 11 TCN 19:1984 - Quy phm trang b in - Phn 2: H thng ng dy dn in. 2.5. TCVN 5828:1994 - n chiu sng ng ph - Yu cu k thut. 2.6. TCVN 4086:1985 - Quy phm an ton li in trong xy dng. 2.7. TCVN 4756:1989 - Quy phm ni t v ni khng cc thit b in. 2.8. Cc tiu chuNn Vit nam c lin quan trong lnh vc bo v mi trng sinh thi v cnh quan. 3. Quy nh chung 3.1. Tiu chuNn ny p dng thit k chiu sng nhn to s dng cc loi bng n phng in (Hunh quang; Thy ngn cao p; Metalhalide; N atri cao p; N atri thp p) v bng n si t (K c bng si t Halogen). i vi nhng trng hp s dng cc loi ngun sng

c th khc (n LED cng sut cao, n cm ng in t) c th s dng phng php tra cu tng ng cn c vo cc tnh nng k thut ca bng n. 3.2. H thng chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cc cng trnh cng cng v k thut h tng th (tr cc cng trnh th dc th thao ngoi tri) c th l mt thnh phn cu thnh ca h thng chiu sng cng cng, c cp ngun v iu khin theo mng iu khin chung ca h thng chiu sng cng cng ca th, hoc cng c th l mt h thng cng trnh c qun l v vn hnh mt cch c lp. H thng chiu sng phc v luyn tp v thi u ti cc cng trnh th dc th thao ngoi tri cn c qun l vn hnh mt cch c lp. 3.3. Khi xc nh ri tiu chuNn (Tnh bng lux) phi theo thang ri quy nh trong Bng 1.

Bng 1: Thang ri tiu chuNn Bc

thang I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

ri (lx)

0,5

1

2

3

5

7

10

20

30

50

75

100

XIII

XIV

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

XIX

XX

XXI

XXII

XXIII

XXIV

XXV

150

200

300

400

500

600

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

2500

3000

3.4. Trong qu trnh tnh ton thit k cn tnh n h s duy tr ca n c quy nh trong Bng 2.

Bng 2: H s duy tr ca n Cp bo v ca b n

IP 2X IP 5X IP 6X Phn loi mi trng Phn loi mi trng Phn loi mi trng

Chu k bo

dng n

(Thng)

th ln, khu cng

nghip nng

th va v

nh,khu C.nghip

nh

N ng thn

th ln, khu cng

nghip nng

th va v

nh,khu C.nghip nh

N ng thn

th ln, khu cng

nghip nng

th va v

nh,khu C.nghip nh

N ng thn

12 18 24 36

0,53 0,48 0,45 0,42

0,62 0,58 0,56 0,53

0,82 0,80 0,79 0,78

0,89 0,87 0,84 0,76

0,90 0,88 0,86 0,82

0,92 0,91 0,90 0,88

0,91 0,90 0,88 0,83

0,92 0,91 0,89 0,87

0,93 0,92 0,91 0,90

3.5. Cc thit b chiu sng c s dng cn phi c hiu qu s dng in nng cao, bn v kh nng duy tr cc c tnh quang hc trong iu kin lm vic ngoi tri tt v phi c cp bo v IP ti thiu theo quy nh trong Bng 3.

Bng 3: Cp bo v IP ti thiu ca thit b chiu sng STT c im - phn loi mi trng lm vic Cp bo v ti thiu

1 n lp t trong khu vc nng thn IP 23 2 n lp t trong th va v nh, khu cng nghip

nh, khu nh IP 44

3 n lp t trong th ln, khu cng nghip nng Phn quang hc: IP 54 Cc phn khc: IP 44

4 n t di cao 3m IP 44 5 n lp t trong hm, trn thnh cu IP 55 6 V tr lp t n c kh nng xNy ra ng ngp IP 67 7 n phi thng xuyn lm vic trong iu kin ngm IP 68

nc 3.6. Thit k cp in cho h thng chiu sng phi tun theo cc tiu chuNn sau: 11 TCN 18:1984 - Quy phm trang b in - Phn 1: Quy nh chung. 11 TCN 19:1984 - Quy phm trang b in - Phn 2: H thng ng dy dn in. 3.7. H thng chiu sng (n, ct n, t in) cn c thit k p ng cc yu cu v an ton v bo v chng st, tip t theo cc tiu chuNn : TCVN 4086 : 1985 - Quy phm an ton li in trong xy dng. TCVN 4756 : 1989 - Quy phm ni t v ni khng cc thit b in. 3.8. Thit b chiu sng v cc thit b i km (n, ct n, cn n) phi c tnh thNm m, ph hp vi cnh quan mi trng v p ng cc tiu chuNn quy nh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng. Khi thit k chiu sng cho mt i tng hay mt khu vc c th cn lu n c im v yu cu chiu sng ca cc khu vc ph cn trnh gy ra hin tng nhim nh sng i vi nhng khu vc ny. 3.9. Mc chiu sng quy nh trong tiu chuNn ny th hin qua cc ch tiu ri ngang trung bnh - En(tb), ri ng trung bnh - Ed(tb), chi trung bnh - L(tb), cng nh sng - I c hiu l ngng ti thiu m h thng chiu sng cn p ng m bo yu cu nh sng cho i tng c tiu chuNn ho. m bo hiu qu kinh t ca cng trnh v tit kim in nng tiu th, i vi cc cng trnh th dc th thao ngoi tri mc chiu sng ti a cho php khng qu 2 ln ngng ti thiu, cc cng trnh khc khng qu 1,5 ln ngng ti thiu quy nh trong tiu chuNn. 4. Yu cu k thut 4.1. Chiu sng cc cng trnh th 4.1.1. Chiu sng cc im giao thng cng cng ngoi tri 4.1.1.1. ri ngang trung bnh v ri ngang nh nht trn mt nn cc im giao thng cng cng ngoi tri khng c nh hn tr s quy nh trong Bng 4.

Bng 4: Tiu chuNn chiu sng cc im giao thng cng cng ngoi tri STT i tng chiu sng En (tb) (lx) En (min) (lx) 1 Bn xe but - xe khch lin tnh 50 20 2 Bi xe ngoi tri khu vc trung tm

th 30 10

3 Bi xe ngoi tri khu vc ngoi thnh, nng thn

10 3

4 Bi xe - cc im trng gi xe cng cng nm trn cc tuyn ng (Chim 1 phn lng ng, va h)

Theo t/c thit k CS nhn to ng, ng ph, qung trng th TCXDVN 259:2001 quy nh cho tuyn ng

Ch thch: En(tb): ri ngang trung bnh, En(min): ri ngang nh nht. Cc ch s trn tnh n yu t suy gim ca h thng chiu sng. 4.1.1.2. H s ng u ca ri En(min)/En(tb) phi m bo khng nh hn 0,2. 4.1.1.3. n phi c b tr thch hp m bo khng gy chi la cho ngi li xe. 4.1.1.4. Li o kIm v phng php tnh ton ri ngang i vi bi xe ngoi tri c quy nh trong Ph lc 4. 4.1.2. Chiu sng ng, cu v ng hm dnh cho ngi i b. 4.1.2.1. ri ngang trung bnh v ri ngang nh nht trn mt ng v khu vc dnh cho ngi i b khng c nh hn tr s quy nh trong Bng 5:

Bng 5: Tiu chuNn chiu sng cc khu vc dnh cho ngi i b TT i tng chiu sng En (tb) (lx) En (min) (lx) 1 ng v khu i b vng trung tm th , gn cc 10 5

cu lc b gii tr, khu vc mua sm, c mt giao thng cao , tnh hnh an ninh trt t phc tp

2 ng v khu i b vng ngoi thnh c mt giao thng mc trung bnh

7 3

3 ng v khu i b vng nng thn, th trn, trong cc khu nh , mt giao thng thp , tnh hnh an ninh trt t tt

3 1

4.1.2.2. ri ngang trung bnh v ri ngang nh nht trn cu v trong ng hm dnh cho ngi i b khng c nh hn tr s quy nh trong Bng 6:

Bng 6: Tiu chuNn chiu sng cu v ng hm dnh cho ngi i b Ban ngy Ban m i tng chiu sng

En (tb) (lx)

En (min) (lx)

En (tb) (lx)

En (min) (lx)

ng hm cho ngi i b L 60m - Khu vc 20m hai u hm - Khu vc gia hm

75

300 75

30

100 30

75

75 75

30

30 30

H K/a K/a 30 10 Cu cho ngi i b Kn 75 30 75 30 H K/a K/a 30 10 Cu thang, li ln xung Kn 75 30 75 30

Ch thch: En(tb): ri ngang trung bnh, En(min): ri ngang nh nht. Cc ch s trn tnh n yu t suy gim ca h thng chiu sng. K/a: khng p dng. 4.1.2.3. i vi ng hm cho ngi i b, n phi c b tr sao cho tt c cc b mt ca hm, c bit l cc mt ng c chiu sng. 4.1.2.4. n dng cho chiu sng ng hm dnh cho ngi i b cn c gc bo v khng nh hn 15o, cng sut bng n s dng v quang thng ti a c quy nh trong Bng 7:

Bng 7: Tng cng sut bng v quang thng ti a ca b n chiu sng ng hm TT Loi bng n s dng Tng cng sut bng ti a

trong b n (W) Tng quang thng ti a pht ra t b n (Lm)

1 n Hunh quang, HQ compact

80 7000

2 n Thy ngn cao p 125 6500 3 n Sodium cao p 70 6000 4 n Metalhalide 70 5500

4.1.2.5. H thng iu khin chiu sng s dng r le thi gian hoc r le quang in cn c thit k c th iu khin thay i mc chiu sng p ng tiu chuNn quy nh theo thi gian ngy - m. 4.1.2.6. i vi nhng ng hm c di ln v phc tp hoc c lu lng ngi i b cao (trong khu vc nh ga, trung tm thng mi, hi ch trin lm vv...) th ngoi h thng chiu sng chung cn c h thng chiu sng s c m bo duy tr mc chiu sng ti thiu En(tb) = 5 lx trong vng 1 gi khi mt in li. 4.1.2.7. H thng chiu sng cu thang phi to ra s tng phn r rt gia cc b mt thng ng v b mt nm ngang ca bc thang ngay c khi chng c lt bng cc loi vt liu c mu sc khc nha T s gia ri trung bnh trn b mt ngang v ri trung bnh trn b mt ng ca cc bc cu thang khng c nh hn 3 : 1.

4.1.2.8. B tr n trong hm v trn cu cn xem xt n kh nng bo v chng ph hoi v thun tin trong vn hnh bo dng n. 4.1.3. Chiu sng bn ngoi cc khu trng hc, bnh vin, trung tm thng mi, hi ch trin lm v cc tr s. 4.1.3.1. ri ngang trung bnh bn ngoi cc khu trng hc, bnh vin, trung tm thng mi - hi ch trin lm v cc tr s khng c nh hn tr s quy nh trong Bng 8:

Bng 8: Tiu chuNn chiu sng bn ngoi cc khu trng hc, bnh vin, trung tm thng mi, hi ch trin lm v cc tr s

STT i tng chiu sng En (tb) (lx) Ghi ch 1 Trng hc

Cng vo ng ni b Sn chi v tp th dc

10 5 5

2 Bnh vin Cng vo, khu vc tip nhn bnh nhn ng gia cc khu iu tr Khu vc sn ngh ngi Sn xe

20 5 3 10

3 Trung tm thng mi - Hi ch trin lm Cng vo ng gia cc khu trng by , bn hng Sn trng by sn phNm , bn hng ngoi tri Sn xe

20 10 50 10

4 Tr s Cng vo ng ni b Sn xe

20 5 10

4.1.3.2. T s gia gi tr ri ngang ln nht v ri ngang trung bnh cc i tng chiu sng khng c vt qu: 3 : 1 - Trong trng hp ri trung bnh tiu chuNn trn 6 lx. 5 : 1 - Trong trng hp ri trung bnh tiu chuNn t 4 lx n 6 lx. 10 : 1 - Trong trng hp ri trung bnh tiu chuNn nh hn 4 lx. 4.2. Chiu sng cng vin, vn hoa 4.2.1. Cc nguyn tc chung 4.2.1.1. Trong qu trnh thit k chiu sng cng vin, vn hoa ngoi vic m bo mc chiu sng theo tiu chuNn quy nh cn cn phi c bit quan tm n yu t trang tr, thNm m. 4.2.1.2. Kiu dng thit b chiu sng (n, ct n, cn n) cn c phong cch ng nht v ph hp vi cnh quan mi trng kin trc trong khu vc. 4.2.1.3. Ty theo hnh thc v quy m ca mi cng vin, vn hoa m h thng chiu sng c th bao gm ton b hoc mt s trong nhng thnh phn sau y: a) Chiu sng chung khu vc cng ra vo: m bo mc chiu sng quy nh. b) Chiu sng sn t chc cc hot ng ngoi tri: m bo mc chiu sng quy nh. c) Chiu sng ng do: N goi vic m bo mc chiu sng quy nh, thit k b tr n phi m bo tnh dn hng to cho ngi i b c cm nhn r rng v hnh dng v hng ca con ng. d) Chiu sng cnh quan thm c, bn hoa, mt nc. e) Chiu sng to phng trang tr : S dng cc n pha chiu sng tn l c f) Chiu sng to cc im nhn kin trc nh i phun nc, cc cm tiu cnh cy xanh - non b.

4.2.2. Ch tiu k thut 4.2.2.1. ri ngang trung bnh trong cc cng vin, vn hoa khng c nh hn tr s quy nh trong Bng 9:

Bng 9: Tiu chuNn chiu sng cng vin, vn hoa En(tb) (lx) STT i tng chiu sng

Cng vin Vn hoa 1 Cng vin vn hoa khu vc trung tm th ln, c

lu lng ngi qua li cao, kh nng xNy ra cc ti phm hnh s mc cao Cng vo chnh Cng vo ph ng trc chnh ng nhnh, ng do c nhiu cy xanh Sn t chc cc hot ng ngoi tri

20 10 10 5 10

K/a K/a 7 3 10

2

Cng vin vn hoa khu vc ngoi thnh th ln, c lu lng ngi qua li trung bnh, kh nng xNy ra cc ti phm hnh s mc trung bnh Cng vo chnh Cng vo ph ng trc chnh ng nhnh, ng do c nhiu cy xanh Sn t chc cc hot ng ngoi tri

10 7 5 3 7

K/a K/a 3 2 7

3

Cng vin vn hoa khu vc th nh, c lu lng ngi qua li thp, kh nng xNy ra cc ti phm hnh s mc thp Cng vo chnh Cng vo ph ng trc chnh ng nhnh, ng do c nhiu cy xanh Sn t chc cc hot ng ngoi tri

7 5 5 2 5

K/a K/a 3 1 5

4.2.2.2. T s gia gi tr ri ngang ln nht v ri ngang trung bnh cc i tng chiu sng khng c vt qu: 3 : 1 - Trong trng hp ri trung bnh tiu chuNn trn 6 lx. 5 : 1 - Trong trng hp ri trung bnh tiu chuNn t 4 lx n 6 lx. 10 : 1 - Trong trng hp ri trung bnh tiu chuNn nh hn 4 lx. 4.2.2.3. Thit b chiu sng c s dng cn phi c kh nng hn ch chi la tt. V tr, cao t n v gc chiu cn tnh ton khng gy cm gic chi la cho ngi s dng. Chng loi n s dng trong chiu sng cng vin vn hoa c quy nh trong Bng 10:

Bng 10: Chng loi n s dng trong chiu sng cng vin vn hoa Chng loi n

TT

i tng v mc ch chiu sng

n pha

n chm

n nm

n ng

n chiu im

n pha chiu nc

1 Chiu sng cng ra vo C C C C K/a K/a 2 Chiu sng sn t chc

cc hot ng ngoi tri C C C C K/a K/a

3 Chiu sng ng do K/a C C C K/a K/a 4 Chiu sng cnh quan K/a C C K/a K/a K/a

thm c,bn hoa, mt nc

5 Chiu sng to phng trang tr

C K/a K/a K/a K/a K/a

6 Chiu sng to cc im nhn kin trc

C K/a K/a K/a C C

4.2.2.4. N gun sng c la chn nn c thnh phn quang ph ph hp vi mi trng c nhiu cy xanh, gam mu nh sng trng lnh to cm gic mt m, th gin. Chng loi v cng sut bng n s dng trong chiu sng cng vin vn hoa c quy nh trong Bng 11:

Bng 11: Chng loi v cng sut bng n s dng trong chiu sng cng vin vn hoa

Cng sut bng n (W) TT i tng v mc ch chiu sng Metalhalide Ca

T.ngn HQ

Compact Halogen Ca Natri

1 Chiu sng cng ra vo

70 - 400 80 - 250 K/a K/a 70 - 250

2 Chiu sng sn t chc cc hot ng ngoi tri

70 - 400 80 - 250 K/a K/a 70 - 400

3 Chiu sng ng do

70 - 150 80 - 125 15 - 40 K/a K/a

4 Chiu sng cnh quan thm c, bn hoa, mt nc

70 - 250 80 - 125 15 - 40 K/a K/a

5 Chiu sng to phng trang tr

70 - 400 K/a K/a K/a K/a

6 Chiu sng to cc im nhn kin trc

70 - 400 80 - 125 15 - 40 80 - 300 70 - 250

DAN H MC TI LIU THAM KHO 1. Tiu chuNn Anh BS 5489: Part 1: 1992 - Chiu sng ng giao thng - Phn 1. Hng dn cc nguyn tc chung. (British standard BS 5489: Road lighting - Part 1. Guide to the general principle). 2. Tiu chuNn Anh BS 5489: Part 3: 1992 - Chiu sng ng giao thng - Phn 3. Hng dn thc hnh chiu sng cc ng ph tr v cc khu i b lin k. (British standard BS 5489: Road lighting - Part 3. Code of practice for lighting for subsidiary roads and associated pedestrian areas). 3. Tiu chuNn Anh BS 5489: Part 9: 1996 - Chiu sng ng giao thng - Phn 9. Hng dn thc hnh chiu sng cc khu trung tm th v khu cng cng. (British standard BS 5489: Road lighting - Part 9. Code of practice for lighting for urban centres and public amenity areas). 4. Tiu chuNn cng nghip N ht Bn JIS Z 9110: 1979 - Khuyn co mc chiu sng. (Japanese industrial Standard JIS Z 9110: 1979 - Recommended level of illumination). 5. Tiu chuNn cng nghip N ht Bn JIS Z 9120: 1995 - Chiu sng cc sn qun vt v sn bng chy ngoi tri. (Japanese industrial Standard JIS Z 9120: 1995 - Lighting for outdoor tennis courts and outdoor baseball fields). 6. Tiu chuNn cng nghip N ht Bn JIS Z 9121: 1997 - Chiu sng cc sn vn ng a chc nng, sn bng v sn bng bu dc ngoi tri. (Japanese industrial Standard JIS Z 9121: 1997 - Lighting for outdoor tracks and fields, outdoor soccer fields and rugby fields). 7. Tiu chuNn cng nghip N ht Bn JIS Z 9123: 1997 - Chiu sng cc b bi ngoi tri v b bi trong nh. (Japanese industrial Standard JIS Z 9123: 1997 - Lighting for outdoor, indoor swimming pools). 8. IES - Hip hi k s chiu sng Bc M - Khuyn co thc hnh chiu sng cc khu th thao v khu gii tr. (Illuminating engineering society of N orth america - Recommended practice for Sports and Recreational area lighting). 9. LG6: 1992 - Hng dn chiu sng khng gian xung quanh. (Lighting guide - The outdoor environment).