Chinese-English Bilingual Teaching For Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Business School, SDJU

Chinese-English Bilingual Teaching ForChinese-English Bilingual Teaching For

Logistics & Supply Chain Logistics & Supply Chain

Management Management

Chapter 6. Warehouse Management

姜阵剑[email protected]


Ch.6 Warehouse ManagementCh.6 Warehouse Management

Purpose of Warehouse

Warehouse Management

Warehouse Costs

Warehouses and Stores Processes


Warehouses are viewed as a temporary place to store

inventory

At this channel of distribution the warehouse became a

support unit for numerous retail outlets .

Progressive warehousing and integrated retailers

developed mechanical and computerised systems.

Efficient warehousing now offered a method of reducing

storage and handling costs.


企业对“库存”的认识大致可分为两类从成本控制的角度看从生产作业的角度看 “ 库存”在英语里也有两种表达方式：

1.Inventory 指以支持生产、维护、操作和客户服务为目的而存储的各种物料，包括原材料、半成品和成品等；

2.Stock 即为存货、积压。


两者都有库存之意，但 STOCK 偏向于指采购进来的原材料库存；而 INVENTORY 指生产出来的半成品或成品的积压库存！

inventory 会计专业用语中的“存货”。

Inventory 和 Stock 的分界点保持适当的库存量

对任何企业都是必须的，也是区分Inventory 和

Stock 的分水岭。


1. purpose of warehouse1. purpose of warehouse

Warehouses and distribution centres have a primary aim,

which is to facilitate the movement of goods from suppliers

to customers, meeting demand in a timely manner.

In order to achieve this efficiently they may have to hold

stock, but this is not their main role.

It may be that inventory is held for contingencies or to give

a rapid customer service or in preparation of a new

product launch.



Some valid reasons for holding stock include the

following:

– As a buffer

– To cover demand during suppliers’ lead time

– To enable savings to be made through bulk

purchases or discounts;

– To cope with seasonal fluctuations;

– To provide a variety of product.



Logistics managers should view a warehouse as a

temporary place to tranship goods to customers.

Increasing customer service levels, combined with

pressures to reduce inventory and costs, and time

compression.

The warehouse is a vital link in the supply chain.


2. warehouse management2. warehouse management

Crucial issues in distribution may involve the following:

– Number, type and location of warehouses;

– Types of vehicles used for trucking and delivery;

– LICT systems, particularly for order capture,

warehouse and stock management and

transportation control.



Oracle Order Capture 设计用于提供一个公共的模块，用于创建并更新报价单与订单。 Order capture 设计用于轻松地同第三方和原有定购系统集成。它为企业提供了一个持续的、无缝的定购过程。能使客户最终体验到一种一致的超级体验。它的其他功能涉及使用一个产品配制器，计算复杂的运货与定价指令，保存报价和实时处理信息。



EDI, JIT and LICT, management have the flexibility to

react to market change, and these systems will apply

up to the minute information on stock availability,

locations, lead time and dispatch.

In this environment, management should consider

carefully whether there is any need to hold stock or to

maintain warehouses at all.


3. warehouse costs3. warehouse costs

Warehouse running costs vary widely depending on the

nature of their operations.

The Freight Transportation Association (FTA

货运联合会 / 协会 ,UK) publishes guidelines in which it

emphasises the variants of costs.



The main costs are as follows:

– Staffing;

– Building services, maintenance and facilities

management;

– Warehouse equipment, including maintenance of

materials handling equipment and of vehicles.



The application of LICT to warehousing :

– Stock demand and forecasting;

– Stock pallet location, space utilization;

– Stock visibility;

– Vehicle utilization/asset tracking.



LICT may reduce staffing levels, and may enable the

consolidation of warehouses with the resultant

reduction of overheads.

Material handling equipment and order-picking

systems, although initially costly, will have long-term

cost benefits.


44 ．． warehouses and stores processeswarehouses and stores processes

The functions of a warehouse are as follows: Receipts

Storage

Packaging

Dispatch

Housekeeping

Stocktaking


WMS WMS 仓库管理系统仓库管理系统

The evolution of warehouse management systems

(WMS) is very similar to that of many other software

solutions.

MRP

MRPII

ERP


WMS WMS 仓库管理系统仓库管理系统

WMS ，仓储在企业的整个供应链中起着至关重要的作用，如果不能保证正确的进货和库存控制及发货，将会导致管理费用的增加，服务质量难以得到保证，从而影响企业的竞争力。

传统简单、静态的仓储管理已无法保证企业各种资源的高效利用。


用友 ERP-U8

用友 ERP-U8 是用友软件 2001 推出的成熟 ERP 产品 .


Oracle

Warehouse

Management


What is WarehousingWhat is Warehousing

• Purchases• Customer Returns• Transfers• Outside Processing

• Customer Shipments• Vendor Returns• Transfers • Outside Processing

• Pick• Pack• Inspection• Count

• Assembly• Storage• Move• Replenish

InboundInbound入库入库 // 开往内地的开往内地的

OutboundOutbound出库出库 // 开往外地的开往外地的

InternalInternal

ProcessingProcessing

Inbound / outbound management


Warehousing DriversWarehousing Drivers

Global PromisingIncreased VelocityGlobal Promising

Increased Velocity

Just-in-TimeDelivery

Just-in-TimeDelivery

Order Fragmentation

Global Demand

Order Fragmentation

Global Demand

VariableDemandVariableDemand

Inventory Reduction

Labor Reduction

Inventory Reduction

Labor Reduction

Lowest Total Cost

Lowest Total Cost

SKU Proliferation

Mass Customization

SKU Proliferation

Mass Customization

IncreasedComplexityIncreased

Complexity

InboundInbound OutboundOutboundInternaInternall

ProcessingProcessing

SKU: 最小存货单位 / 库存量单位 Stock Keeping Unit


Warehousing OpportunityWarehousing Opportunity

Warehouse Labor HoursWarehouse Labor Hours 10-30%10-30%

Inventory Write-offsInventory Write-offs 5-10%5-10%

Total InventoryTotal Inventory 5%5%

Shipping ErrorsShipping Errors 80-100%80-100%

Management TimeManagement Time 50%50%

Inventory Counting HoursInventory Counting Hours 80-100%80-100%

Sources: Lilly, Intermec, eSync, and Tompkins

销帐 , 帐面价值的削减

Q & A !Q & A !


ExercisesExercises

教材 P84

Documents

Chinese-English Bilingual Teaching For Logistics & Supply Chain Management