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Chris & Chom GreacenOct 4, 2006
RAELUC Berkeley
Towards sustainable energy in Thailand
Palang Thai
•Border Green Energy Team•Public interest energy policy
Palang Thai พลั�งไท
• Thailand NGO
• Objective:– To ensure that the transformations that occur in the region's
energy sector: augment, rather than undermine, social and environmental justice and sustainability.
• Key approaches:– We teach hands-on energy technology
– We draft policies
– We critique wasteful & dangerous mega-projects and the closed decision-making processes that lead to these projects… and offer cleaner, more democratic, alternatives.
พลั�ง (palang): n 1. Power. 2. Empowerment. ไท (thai): adj. 1. Independence. 2. Self-reliance
Border Green Energy Team
•Conflict area
•Little/no rural electrification
Border Green Energy Team
Solar electricity for 28 medical clinics for internally displaced inside Burma
Up to 2 million internally displaced people in Burma
Ruggedized solar electric systems built by medics in 3-5 day hands-on trainings
• 6 trainings (2003, 2004, 2005, 2005, 2006)• >60 medics trained• 28 clinics
Border Green Energy Team
Community micro-hydro (4 villages)
Micro-hydroelectricity
Source: Inversin, A. R. (1986). Micro-Hydropower Sourcebook.
Kre Khi village 2003E Wi Jo village 2004
Mae Sa Pau village 2005Huai Krating 2006
E Wi Jo village microhydroEstimated power: 750 WattsHead: 20 metersFlow: 20 liters/secondTotal installed cost: <$3000
Huai Krating“Pump as turbine”3 kWHead: 35 metersFlow: 20 liters/sec
15A 10A
ToVillage
TotalCurrent235V
3000W
ELC
BallastCurrent
3kW Ballast Load
380V
Motor Run Capacitors
in Box
6A
4 kVA 380V
C25μF
2C50μF
Huai Kra Ting – “C-2C” induction motor as generator
Border Green Energy Team
Refugee camp trainings
Solar/micro-hydro vocational education training
Mae La refugee campSept 2005
So far:Solar PVMicro-hydroHydraulic ram pumpSolar cooking
Coming soon:7 hybrid solar/diesel systemsBiogas
Border Green Energy Team
Maintenance & repair trainings for > 14,000 Thai solar home systems
Thai government solar home program
203,000 solar home systemsUS$200 millionNo maintenance plan23% failure rate within 20 months
Ministry of Interior
PEA(national utility)
Installation company
End users
$
$
SHS
Thai Government solar home program Existing linkages
warranty
Tax payers
$
Ministry of Interior
PEA
Installation company
End users
$
$
SHS
Missing linkages
warranty
What happens when systems fail? There is no feedback loop from the end users to installation company, government or taxpayers
Tax payers
$
Warranty awareness Self-help: local technicians
+ user training
Ministry of Interior
PEA
Installation company
End users
$
$
SHS
Missing linkages
warranty
Tax payers
$
Feedback on status of systems, failure
modes, successful interventions
Media
Most of Palang Thai’s work is on policy & planning level…
Grid-connected renewable energy
Grid-connected renewable energy
• Renewable energy producers need to be able to sell surplus electricity to grid.
• We drafted Thai Net Metering laws approved by Cabinet (2002)
• Helped 1 MW 10 MW allowed per renewable energy installation (2006)
www.netmeter.org
Power and gas sector governance
Public-interest energy policy analysis and advocacy
• Analysis on:– Sector governance and reform– Policy & planning– Tariffs, cross-border interconnection
• Thailand is privatizing state-owned energy monopolies… but lacks independent energy regulatory body
• Helped develop litigation that successfully reversed EGAT privatization
• We drafted “people’s version” of regulatory legislation, adopted by National Economic and Social Advisory Council (NESAC).– Committee finalizing law used our draft as a candidate draft by
government
Public-interest energy policy analysis and advocacy
• Helped draft energy platform for a major political party (Democrat party), and provided inputs to their environmental platform.
• Engineered seminar that brought together human rights leaders, dam developers, and Thai policy makers to discuss Salween dams human rights crisis
• Interviews & opinion pieces on TV, radio, newspapers
www.palangthai.org/en/policy
Big thanks to…
• Volunteers• Robert and Patricia Switzer Foundation• Hienrich Boll Foundation• Global Green Grants• US-Asia Environmental Partnership• Oxfam Australia• Finnish Embassy• Ashden Awards for Sustainable Energy• Individual donors
For more information
Thailand Contact:
Chom and Chris Greacen
Palang Thai
Tel. 02-672-0364
www.palangthai.org
