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Claves para mejorar el rendimiento laboral en las empresas

Claves para mejorar el rendimiento laboral - … · Claves para mejorar el rendimiento laboral en las empresas!"#$%&'()" (*+,-.''(& /.*0(12*!"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#"

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Claves para mejorar el

rendimiento laboralen las empresas

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Tabla de contenidos

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1. Así está la productividad en

España, Europa y Estados Unidos

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Disminuyen las horas trabajadas por jornada, también en España

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Aumentar la productividad pasa por un cambio de mentalidad urgente

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2. Introducción al rendimiento

laboral. ¿Qué es?

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El rendimiento laboral en la empresa

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Aumentar el rendimiento implica aumentar la rentabilidad

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3. Evaluación del rendimiento

laboral

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Evaluación del rendimiento laboral: concepto y métodos

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V<% "# &./<#=.>, .-%#" %& =+)0.,#( #)0#& +(.%,/#=.+,%&I "+5(#,-+ <,# %$#"<#=.>, )<=K+

)U& =+)'"%/#Q

Los problemas de la evaluación del rendimiento

4%# =<#" &%# "# +(.%,/#=.>, %"%5.-#I "# %$#"<#=.>, -%" (%,-.).%,/+ %, %" %,/+(,+ "#0+(#"

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&%5<,-+& '+-(S#, -%&/#=#(&% "+& &.5<.%,/%&I V<% &+, #"5<,+& -% "+& )U& (%=<((%,/%&T

2Q R# %"%==.>, -%" +0*%/+ -% "# %$#"<#=.>,I + "+ V<% &% ).-%T V<%I %, )<=K#& +=#&.+,%&I

,+ %&/U (%"#=.+,#-+ =+, "#& '(.+(.-#-%& %&/(#/W5.=#& -% "# +(5#,.O#=.>,Q Y#(# %$./#( %&/%

9#""+ &% -%0%, 9.*#( "+& +0*%/.$+& .,-.$.-<#"%& %, =+,%Z.>, =+, "+& +0*%/.$+& 5%,%(#"%& -% "#

=+)'#FS#Q

3Q R# 9#"/# -% .)'".=#=.>, -% "# #"/# -.(%==.>, =+, %" &.&/%)# -% %$#"<#=.>,T C# V<%

5%,%(#")%,/% /.%,-% # '%(=.0.( V<% %&/#& #==.+,%& -% &<'%($.&.>, &+, %Z="<&.$#)%,/% -%"

U(%# -% bbddI =<#,-+ ,+ /.%,% '+(V<W &%( #&SQ

[Q R# 9#"/# -% )+/.$#=.>, -% "+& -.(%=/.$+& # "+& V<% &% "%& #&.5,#, %&/#& /#(%#&T V<% #

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$#".+&+ /.%)'+ V<% '(%9%(.(S#, -%-.=#( # &<& 9<,=.+,%& '(.,=.'#"%&Q Y#(# K#=%( 9(%,/% # "#&

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%&/S)<"+&I %& ,%=%&#(.+ '(+'+(=.+,#("%& <,# 9+()#=.>, %&'%=S9.=# %, "#& K#0.".-#-%&

!"#$%&'()" (*+ ,-.''(& /.*0(12* !"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %, "#& %)'(%&#& 1 2:

/W=,.=#& C &+=.#"%& ,%=%&#(.#& '#(# (%#".O#( %&/# #=/.$.-#-Q

cQ E" ).%-+ # (%#".O#( $#"+(#=.+,%& ,%5#/.$#&Q R+& -.(%=/.$+& (%K6C%, "+& =+,9".=/+& =+, "#&

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-% =#(U=/%( K+)+5W,%+I V<% =#(%=%, -% </.".-#-Q

JQ R# =%,/(#".O#=.>, %Z=%&.$# -% "#& '+"S/.=#& -% (%=<(&+& K<)#,+&T C# V<% "# #=/<#=.>, -%

)#,-+& .,/%()%-.+& + (%&'+,&#0"%& -% '%(&+,#& K#=% )<C -.9S=." "# /+)# -% -%=.&.+,%&

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=<#,/./#/.$#Q

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'(U=/.=# %&/# %$#"<#=.>, %" (%,-.).%,/+Q

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'<%-%, .,/%($%,.( %, %&/# %$#"<#=.>, &+,T

a E" 5%(%,/%T %, "# )#C+( '#(/% -% "#& +(5#,.O#=.+,%&I %" 5%(%,/% %& (%&'+,&#0"% -%"

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.,-.$.-<+ V<.%, (%&'+,-# '+( &< -%&%)'%F+ C (%#".=% &< #</+ %$#"<#=.>,; &.%)'(% C

=<#,-+ W&/# &% #*<&/% # "# (%#".-#- C ,+ %&/W -%&$.(/<#-#Q

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"#& )%-.-#& ,%=%&#(.#& '#(# )%*+(#("+ =#-# $%O )U&Q

a E" -%'#(/#)%,/+ -% bbQddQT %, %&/% =#&+I %" U(%# -% (%=<(&+& K<)#,+& + -% '%(&+,#"I

(%&'+,-% '+( "# %$#"<#=.>, -%" -%&%)'%F+ -% /+-+& "+& ).%)0(+& -% "# +(5#,.O#=.>,Q

!"#$%&'()" (*+ ,-.''(& /.*0(12* !"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %, "#& %)'(%&#& 1 22

Y#(# %""+I &% 0#&#, %, #&'%=/+& 5%,W(.=+&I -%0.-+ # V<% %& .)'+&.0"% V<% %,/(%, %, )U&

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=+((%&'+,-% # <, =+)./W + =+).&.>, ,+)0(#-+ '#(# %&/% 9.,I C =+,&/./<.-+ '+(

/(#0#*#-+(%& '%(/%,%=.%,/%& # -.$%(&#& U(%#& + -%'#(/#)%,/+& -% "# =+)'#FS#Q E, %&/%

=#&+ "# %$#"<#=.>, %& =+"%=/.$# C "# (%#".O# <, 5(<'+ -% '%(&+,#&Q

Y#(# ""%$#( # =#0+ <,# 0<%,# %$#"<#=.>, -% (%,-.).%,/+ %& .)'+(/#,/% =+,+=%( '<,/+&

-W0."%& C 9<%(/%& -%" '%(&+,#"I =+,+=%( "# =#".-#- -% =#-# <,+ -% "+& %)'"%#-+& C "#

'(%=.&# -%9.,.=.>, -% &<& 9<,=.+,%& C /#(%#&Q

Gestión del rendimiento vs evaluación del rendimiento

E, "+& 6"/.)+& #F+&I "#& /%,-%,=.#& %&/U, )U& +(.%,/#-#& K#=.# "# 5%&/.>, -%" (%,-.).%,/+

V<% K#=.# "# %$#"<#=.>, -%" (%,-.).%,/+Q R# '(.,=.'#" =#(#=/%(S&/.=# -% "# 5%&/.>, =+,&.&/%

%, %$+"<=.+,#( K#=.# <, %,9+V<% V<% #,#".=% C -W .)'+(/#,=.# #" (%,-.).%,/+ -% "#&

'%(&+,#& C ,+ # "# 9+()# -% )%-.("+I %, =+,/(#'+&.=.>, =+, "# %$#"<#=.>,Q

R# 5%&/.>, -%" (%,-.).%,/+ '<%-% &%( $.&/# =+)+ <, '(+=%&+ -% #(/.=<"#=.>, -% "+&

+0*%/.$+& +(5#,.O#/.$+& % .,-.$.-<#"%& '<%&/+ #" &%($.=.+ -% "# %&/(#/%5.# -% "# +(5#,.O#=.>,Q

A&S '<%&I %" (%,-.).%,/+ .,-.$.-<#" -%0% %,/%,-%(&% =+)+ =+,/(.0<=.>, #" (%,-.).%,/+

+(5#,.O#/.$+ 5"+0#" -% "# %)'(%&#Q

R# )%/# V<% &% '(%/%,-% =+,&%5<.( %& (%9"%*#( V<% "+& +0*%/.$+& '%(&+,#"%& + (%,-.).%,/+

-%" .,-.$.-<+ %&/U, S,/.)#)%,/% (%"#=.+,#-+& =+, "+& -% +/(+& -%'#(/#)%,/+& C =+, "+&

5%,%(#"%& -% "# %)'(%&#Q _% %&/% )+-+I "+& %)'"%#-+& %,/.%,-%, V<% %&/U, #" &%($.=.+

-% <, '(+C%=/+ )U& 5(#,-% C V<% &< %&9<%(O+ %&/U (%"#=.+,#-+ =+, "# %&/(#/%5.# 5"+0#" -%

"# =+)'#FS#Q

!"#$%&'()" (*+ ,-.''(& /.*0(12* !"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %, "#& %)'(%&#& 1 23

4. Sistema y métodos de

evaluación del rendimiento

E& .)'+(/#,/% &%F#"#( V<% "# %$#"<#=.>, -%" -%&%)'%F+ + -%" (%,-.).%,/+ %& <, '(+=%&+

&.&/%)U/.=+ C '%(.>-.=+ V<% (%V<.%(% V<%I -% 9+()# '(%$.#I &% -%/%().,%, %, =#-# =#&+ "+&

#&'%=/+& # %$#"<#( C %" )+-+ -% K#=%("+I &<&=(.0.%,-+ -.=K#& #==.+,%& # <, '%(.+-+ -%

/.%)'+ ".)./#-+ V<% ,+()#")%,/% %& #,<#" + &%)%&/(#"Q R# %$#"<#=.>, -%" (%,-.).%,/+

'<%-% ""%$#(&% # =#0+ )%-.#,/% -+& )W/+-+&T %" +0*%/.$+ C %" &<0*%/.$+Q

Método objetivo de evaluación del rendimiento

r#)0.W, =+,+=.-+ =+)+ &.&/%)# =<#,/./#/.$+I %& %" %"%5.-+ =<#,-+ %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#"

+ "+& (%&<"/#-+& +0/%,.-+& -%(.$#-+& -%" -%&%)'%F+ &+, '%(9%=/#)%,/% )%-.0"%& '+( "#

+(5#,.O#=.>,Q E*%)'"+ -% %""+ &%(S# %$#"<#( %, 0#&% # -#/+& /#, =+,=(%/+& C 9U=.")%,/%

=<#,/.9.=#0"%& =+)+ %" ,6)%(+ -% ""#)#-#& (%#".O#-#&I '#V<%/%& %,/(%5#-+&I =+,/(#/+&

=%((#-+&I $.&./#& (%#".O#-#&I '.%O#& )+,/#-#&I '#"#0(#& %&=(./#& %, <, #(/S=<"+ %/=Q R#

$%,/#*# -% %&/% )W/+-+ %& V<% "+& -#/+& (%=+5.-+& &+, #=%'/#-+& '+( #)0#& '#(/%&I V<%

#&<)%, &< +0*%/.$.-#- C /(#,&'#(%,=.#Q A"5<,#& -% "#& /W=,.=#& )U& <&#-#& '#(# '+,%(

%, '(U=/.=# %&/% )W/+-+ &+,T

t X,.-#-%& -% )%-.-#T &% </.".O# '(.,=.'#")%,/% %, 9U0(.=#&I =#-%,#& -% )+,/#*% C

%, 5%,%(#" %, =<#"V<.%( /(#0#*+ V<% '<%-# &%( )%-.-+ '+( <,.-#-%& + =#,/.-#-%&Q

E& .)'+(/#,/% &%( *<&/+& %, "# %$#"<#=.>, &.%,-+ ,%=%&#(.+ /%,%( %, =<%,/# C

=+((%5.( "#& -.9%(%,=.#& %, %" #)0.%,/% -% /(#0#*+ C "# -.9.=<"/#- -% "# /#(%# V<%

'<-.%(#, .,=.-.( %, %" (%&<"/#-+ 9.,#"Q Y+( %*%)'"+I ,+ %& "+ ).&)+ %&=(.0.( <, /%Z/+

&.)'"% V<% %&=(.0.( <,+ ""%,+ -% /%=,.=.&)+& C '#"#0(#& )U& .,<&<#"%& C

=+)'".=#-#&Q

t 4.&/%)#& .,9+()U/.=+&T %&/# /W=,.=# &% =%,/(# %, #V<%""#& '%(&+,#& V<% /(#0#*#,

K#0./<#")%,/% =+, <, +(-%,#-+(Q 4+, <, =+,*<,/+ -% #'".=#=.+,%& /%=,+">5.=#& V<%

#,#".O#, "# #=/.$.-#- V<% "+& %)'"%#-+& ""%$#, # =#0+ =+, %" +(-%,#-+(Q R#& )U&

K#0./<#"%& &+,T /.%)'+ -% .,.=.+ C 9., -% #=/.$.-#-I /.%)'+ -%-.=#-+ # "#&

#'".=#=.+,%&I )+,./+(.O#=.>, -% 'U5.,#& u%0&I (./)+ -% /(#0#*+I -%&=#,&+&

/+)#-+&I %/=Q

!"#$%&'()" (*+ ,-.''(& /.*0(12* !"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %, "#& %)'(%&#& 1 2[

t _#/+& (%"#=.+,#-+& =+, %" /(#0#*+T %&/% )W/+-+ '%()./% %$#"<#( -#/+& =+)+ ,.$%"

-% #0&%,/.&)+I ,6)%(+ -% 0#*#& *<&/.9.=#-#&I #==.-%,/%& "#0+(#"%&I &<%"-+& C +/(#&

$#(.#0"%&I %/=QQ E&/+& -#/+& '<%-%, #'+(/#( '+=# .,9+()#=.>, #=%(=# -% "#

=+)'%/%,=.# -%" /(#0#*#-+( #" K#=%( &< /#(%#I #<,V<% K#=%, '+&.0"% -.&/.,5<.( # "+&

%)'"%#-+& )U& (%&'+,&#0"%& -% "+& -%)U&Q

Método subjetivo de evaluación del rendimiento

r#)0.W, ""#)#-+ &.&/%)# =<#"./#/.$+I %& %" #'".=#0"% # /+-+& %&+& /(#0#*+& %, "+& V<% "+&

%)'"%#-+& ,+ '(+-<=%, #"5+ V<% '<%-# =+,/#(&% C )%-.(&% +0*%/.$#)%,/%I '+( "+ V<% K#,

-% &%( %$#"<#-+& )%-.#,/% /W=,.=#& #"5+ )U& &<0*%/.$#&Q R+& (%&'+,&#0"%& ,%=%&./#,

%$#"<#( # %&/+& /(#0#*#-+(%&I ,+ %, 9<,=.>, -% "# =#,/.-#-I &.,+ )%-.#,/% "# +0&%($#=.>,

-%" =+)'+(/#).%,/+ "#0+(#" -<(#,/% <, -%/%().,#-+ '%(.+-+ -% /.%)'+I %)./.%,-+

-%&'<W& <, *<.=.+ #=%(=# -% &< =#".-#-Q A"5<,#& -% "#& /W=,.=#& )U& <&#-#& '#(# '+,%(

%, '(U=/.=# %&/% )W/+-+ &+,T

t 8,9+()%& -% (%,-.).%,/+T =+,&.&/%, %, 0(%$%& .,9+()%& V<% (%"#/#, %" (%,-.).%,/+

"#0+(#" -%" %)'"%#-+Q 4< '(.,=.'#" -%&$%,/#*# %& V<% '<%-%, &%( )<C #)0.5<+& #

"# K+(# -% -%&=(.0.( %" =+)'+(/#).%,/+ -%" %)'"%#-+ % .,="<&+ '<%-%, %&/#(

#"%*#-+& -% "# (%#".-#-I =<#,-+ V<.%, (%-#=/# %" .,9+()% &% -%*# 5<.#( '+( &<&

'(%9%(%,=.#& C (%"#=.+,%& '%(&+,#"%&Q

t f+-%"+ -% $#"+(#=.>, -%" )W(./+T %&/# /W=,.=# 9<% =+,=%0.-# '#(# .,/%,/#( ).,.).O#(

"# #)0.5v%-#- C #"=#,O#( <,# )#C+( +0*%/.$.-#-Q Y(+'+,%)+& =<#/(+ &.&/%)#&T

2Q E&=#"#& -% $#"+(#=.>,T &% /(#/# -% K#=%( <,# ".&/# =+, "+& #&'%=/+&

)U& .)'+(/#,/%& '#(# "# (%#".O#=.>, -% %&% /(#0#*+ L/(#0#*+ %, %V<.'+I

(#'.-%OI =+)<,.=#=.>, %/=QN C $#"+(#("+& %, <,# %&=#"# -%" 2 #" JI '+(

%*%)'"+Q E, #"5<,+& =#&+&I '<%-% .,="<&+ '%()./.(&% V<% %" '(+'.+

%)'"%#-+ .,="<C# =+)%,/#(.+& %, &< $#"+(#=.>,Q

3Q A"/%(,#,=.# %, "# ="#&.9.=#=.>,T &% +(-%,# # "+& %)'"%#-+&

&<=%&.$#)%,/% -%&-% %" )%*+( #" '%+( %, /+(,+ # <,# =#(#=/%(S&/.=# %,

'#(/.=<"#( V<% &%# =+)6, '#(# %" 5(<'+Q _%0.-+ # &< &.)'".=.-#-I

'(+'+(=.+,# )%,+& .,9+()#=.>, V<% +/(#& /W=,.=#&Q

[Q E"%==.>, 9+(O#-#T "+& (%&'+,&#0"%& /.%,%, V<% %"%5.( %,/(% -+& 9(#&%&

'+&./.$#& + -+& ,%5#/.$#&I "# V<% )%*+( -%&=(.0# #" %)'"%#-+ + "# V<%

'%+( "+ -%&=(.0#Q Y+( %*%)'"+T

!"#$%&'()" (*+ ,-.''(& /.*0(12* !"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %, "#& %)'(%&#& 1 2c

!<U" -%&=(.0% )%*+( #" /(#0#*#-+(

E& #,/.'U/.=+ B E& #5(#-#0"%

!<U" -%&=(.0% '%+( #" /(#0#*#-+(

E& #((+5#,/% B \+ /(#0#*# %, %V<.'+

cQ E$#"<#=.>, [G:pT %&/% )W/+-+ =+,&.&/% %, =<)'".)%,/#( <, 9+()<"#(.+

'+( '#(/% -% "#& '%(&+,#& (%"#=.+,#-#& =+, %" /(#0#*#-+( # %$#"<#(Q R#

%$#"<#=.>, -% [G: 5(#-+& '(%/%,-% -#( # "+& %)'"%#-+& <,# '%(&'%=/.$#

-% &< -%&%)'%F+ "+ )U& #-%=<#-# C =%(=#,# '+&.0"% # "# (%#".-#- C#

V<% +0/.%,% .,9+()#=.>, -%&-% /+-+& "+& U,5<"+& C *%(#(V<S#& -% "#

=+)'#FS#T *%9%&I =+)'#F%(+&I &<0+(-.,#-+&I -.(%=/.$+&I %/=Q

t s%&/.>, -% +0*%/.$+&T '(%$.+ #=<%(-+ %,/(% )#,#5%(& C %)'"%#-+&I &% %&/#0"%=%,

<,+& +0*%/.$+& L(%#".&/#&I ="#(+& C =+,=(%/+&N V<% %" /(#0#*#-+( -%0% =<)'".( %, <,

'"#O+ -% /.%)'+ -%/%().,#-+Q r(#& %" '%(.+-+ &% %$#"6# %" )+-+ %, V<% "+&

/(#0#*#-+(%& K#, =<)'".-+ %&+& +0*%/.$+&Q E&/# /W=,.=# #'+(/# -#/+& -% %9.=.%,=.# C

%9.=#=.# -%" %)'"%#-+ (%&'%=/+ # &< '<%&/+ -% /(#0#*+Q

Q

!"#$%&'()" (*+ ,-.''(& /.*0(12* !"#$%& '#(# )%*+(#( %" (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %, "#& %)'(%&#& 1 2J

5. Factores que afectan al

rendimiento

Y#(# "+5(#( <, 0<%, ,.$%" -% (%,-.).%,/+ "#0+(#" %& .)'+(/#,/% V<% "+& %)'"%#-+&

=+,+O=#, ="#(#)%,/%T

B !<U"%& &+, &<& 9<,=.+,%& + /#(%#& %&'%=S9.=#& -%,/(+ -% "# +(5#,.O#=.>,Q

B !<U"%& &+, "+& '(+=%-.).%,/+& V<% -%0%, &%5<.(Q

B q<W '+"S/.=#& -%0%, (%&'%/#(Q

B !<U"%& &+, "+& +0*%/.$+& V<% -%0%, =<)'".(Q

Factores internos y externos que influyen en el rendimiento

Y%(+I #-%)U& -% /+-+ "+& #,/%(.+()%,/% )%,=.+,#-+&I # "# K+(# -% %$#"<#( %" (%,-.).%,/+

"#0+(#" K#C V<% /%,%( %, =<%,/# -.9%(%,/%& 9#=/+(%& .,/%(,+& C %Z/%(,+&Q R+& )U&

.)'+(/#,/%& # =+,&.-%(#( &+, "+& &.5<.%,/%&T

B ;#=/+(%& .,/%(,+&T

a R.-%(#O5+ -% "# -.(%==.>,Q

a E&/(<=/<(# +(5#,.O#/.$#Q

a !<"/<(# -% "# %)'(%&#Q

B ;#=/+(%& %Z/%(,+&T

a ;#=/+(%& 9#).".#(%& C '%(&+,#"%& -%" %)'"%#-+Q

a ;#=/+(%& #)0.%,/#"%& + K.5.W,.=+&I =+)+T %" .,&+),.+ L+ %" -%&=#,&+ -% )#"#

=#".-#-NI %" =".)# L9(S+ + =#"+( %Z=%&.$+& #9%=/#, ,%5#/.$#)%,/%NI %" (<.-+I "# ."<).,#=.>,I "#

=#".-#- -%" #.(%I "# )#"# =+)<,.=#=.>, %,/(% %)'"%#-+&I "# #".)%,/#=.>,I %/=Q E&/+&

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Motivación, bienestar y rendimiento

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7. Clima organizacional y pautas

para la motivación laboral

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Pautas para la motivación laboral

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8. Gestión por competencias.

Obligaciones de las empresas

para mejorar el rendimiento

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Premisas básicas del modelo por competencias

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Las etapas de implantación del modelo

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Las ventajas del modelo

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10. Sistemas de recompensa,

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Los costes del despido

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12. Conclusiones

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MOTIVACIÓN

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B X, #"/+ (%,-.).%,/+Q

B f#C+( '(+-<=/.$.-#- %=+,>).=#Q

B f%*+( .)#5%, '#(# "# +(5#,.O#=.>,Q

EVALUACIÓN

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V<%-# 9<%(# -% /+-# -<-# '%(+ %& ,%=%&#(.+ %,/%,-%( V<%T

B !(%#( 0<%,+& &.&/%)#& -% %$#"<#=.>, -%" (%,-.).%,/+ ,+ %& <,# /#(%# 9U=."Q

B !#-# %)'(%&# -%0% %,=+,/(#( %" )+-%"+ + /W=,.=# V<% )%*+( &% #-#'/% # &<&

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'(+'>&./+Q

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GESTIÓN POR COMPETENCIAS

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B \+ =%,/(U,-+&% %, "# )%-.=.>,Q

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B A"=#,O#,-+ <, '(+=%&+ -% )%*+(# =+,/.,<#I V<% -%0% &<0C#=%( %, "# =<"/<(# -%

%)'(%&#Q

B 8-%,/.9.=#,-+ "#& +'+(/<,.-#-%&I )%-.#,/% "# -%/%==.>, '(%)#/<(#Q

B _%9.,.%,-+ <, '"#, -% #==.>,Q

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