Cluster Cluster 技术实现关键技术技术实现关键技术应用应用

陈硕陈硕shuoc@microsoft.comshuoc@microsoft.com软件开发及测试工程师软件开发及测试工程师Server ManagementServer ManagementMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation

讲座提要：讲座提要： Cluster Cluster 技术纵览技术纵览 Microsoft Application Center 2000Microsoft Application Center 2000 Load Balancing(Load Balancing( 负载平衡负载平衡 ): ): 演示演示 DeploymentDeployment （部署及复制）（部署及复制） : : 演示演示 Health MonitoringHealth Monitoring （健康监测）（健康监测） : : 演示演示

ClusterCluster

Cluster: 多个服务器的统一组合

目的： 达到高性能 (performance) ，高稳定度 (reliability) ， 伸缩性强（ scalability) ， 高输出 (availability) 的程序运行及管理• 软件基础上的 cluster

• 硬件基础上的 cluster

Internet Internet 伸展性伸展性两种互补的方式两种互补的方式

单一，单一，容量更大的容量更大的

服务器服务器

纵向伸展：•硬件出发•昂贵的硬件•投资与应用规模成比例•单一致命点•服务器稳定运行•一个系统编程•管理一个系统

多个中小服务器的聚集多个中小服务器的聚集

++ ++ + …+ …

横向伸展：•软件出发•多个硬件 •线性增长的投资 •无单一致命点•应用程序稳定输出 •多系统编程•管理多个系统

Cluster Software

MemoryMemory

CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU

Operating System

MemoryMemory

CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU

Operating System

Cluster Cluster 的不用种类：的不用种类：

公用硬盘方式：公用硬盘方式： 多用于数据层多用于数据层 MS Cluster Service MS Cluster Service

(Wolfpack)(Wolfpack)

Cluster Software

MemoryMemory

CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU

Operating System

MemoryMemory

CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU CPUCPU

Operating System无公用方式：无公用方式： 更具伸缩更具伸缩（（ scalable)scalable) Application Application CenterCenter

.NET Enterprise Servers.NET Enterprise Servers 防火墙防火墙缓存区缓存区

WebWeb 商业逻辑区商业逻辑区 数据存储区数据存储区

Internet Security &

Acceleration Server

SQL Server

BizTalk Server, Commerce Server Host Integration Server

Management ProductsManagement Products

DesktopsDesktops

LaptopsLaptops

PDAsPDAs

Web ServersWeb Servers

Web ServicesWeb Services

ApplicationApplicationServersServers

DatabaseDatabaseServersServers

MailMailServersServers

OtherOtherServersServers

Topology And TerminologyTopology And Terminology

Cluster Cluster ControlleControlle

rr

AC AC ClusteCluste

rr

Cluster Cluster MembersMembers

ClientsClients

NLBNLBLB DevicesLB DevicesCLBCLB

设计框架设计框架 // 拓补拓补

WebWeb

WebWeb

XBox XBox 电子商务电子商务AC2000 ClusterAC2000 Cluster

CommerceCommerce

IISIIS

Big IPBig IP用户用户

Web Services Web Services AC2000 ClusterAC2000 Cluster

ASP.NetASP.Net

信息传输 信息传输 & & 编排编排

AC2000 ClusterAC2000 ClusterBizTalkBizTalk

生产厂家（旧数生产厂家（旧数据模式据模式 ))

SQL SQL ServerServer

Application Center 2000 – Application Center 2000 – 可用性可用性

保证关键工程的运行保证关键工程的运行保证关键工程的运行保证关键工程的运行 无单一致名点无单一致名点 健康及性能监测健康及性能监测 事件的观测及反应事件的观测及反应

服务程序管理服务程序管理服务程序管理服务程序管理 统一服务程序界面统一服务程序界面 部署及复制简单化部署及复制简单化

软件伸缩性 软件伸缩性 软件伸缩性 软件伸缩性 随时调整容量需求随时调整容量需求 Load-BalancingLoad-Balancing 会话可用性 会话可用性 (Session (Session

Availability)Availability)

简单的控制台简单的控制台简单的控制台简单的控制台 统一的管理界面统一的管理界面 远距离管理远距离管理

Application ManagementApplication Management

Single Application ImageSingle Application ImageSimplified DeploymentSimplified Deployment

Load BalancingLoad Balancing

Web Load BalancingWeb Load Balancing

Not just for the first tierNot just for the first tier IP/HTTP load balancingIP/HTTP load balancing SOAP load balancing for web servicesSOAP load balancing for web services

Integration with Windows Network Integration with Windows Network Load Balancing (NLB)Load Balancing (NLB)

Support for leading 3Support for leading 3rdrd party load party load balancing devicesbalancing devices

网络负载平衡网络负载平衡 (NLB)(NLB)

在组合在组合 AC clusterAC cluster 时配置时配置 NLBNLB

需两个网卡需两个网卡 NLB NLB 设置被复制到整个设置被复制到整个 clustercluster 用用 UI, UI, 命令行及脚本控制联机（命令行及脚本控制联机（ online), online),

脱机脱机 (offline), and draining state(offline), and draining state

ac.exe loadbalance /onlineac.exe loadbalance /online UI and ac.exe UI and ac.exe 状况查测状况查测

ac.exe loadbalance /statusac.exe loadbalance /status

组件组件 ((ComponentComponent)) 负载平衡负载平衡 Load balances to a COM+ tier at object creation Load balances to a COM+ tier at object creation

time (object lives on that server for life)time (object lives on that server for life) Transparent to clients and existing applications Transparent to clients and existing applications

will load-balance without modificationwill load-balance without modification ““Serviced components” (managed code classes Serviced components” (managed code classes

hosted in COM+)hosted in COM+) No single-point of No single-point of

failure (all clients failure (all clients are routers)are routers)

AC ApplicationsAC Applications ContentContent

HTML, XML, Active Server Pages, HTML, XML, Active Server Pages, Graphics, etc.Graphics, etc.

ComponentsComponents COM+ ApplicationsCOM+ Applications

Configuration SettingsConfiguration Settings IIS ConfigurationIIS Configuration Network SettingsNetwork Settings COM+ ConfigurationCOM+ Configuration Registry EntriesRegistry Entries Security Configuration (ACL’s,Security Configuration (ACL’s,

Server Certificates, etc…)Server Certificates, etc…)

Cluster ManagementCluster Management

demodemo

AC Benefits with .NET AppsAC Benefits with .NET Apps Application Center: manages all the resources Application Center: manages all the resources

that make a .Net solutionthat make a .Net solution More than XCOPY deployment:More than XCOPY deployment:

Web sites/VDirsWeb sites/VDirs DSNsDSNs Files/DirsFiles/Dirs CAPI certificatesCAPI certificates

ASP.Net & .Net Framework private assemblies ASP.Net & .Net Framework private assemblies are covered by Web and File drivers.are covered by Web and File drivers.

We support customer apps written today & We support customer apps written today & tomorrow!tomorrow!

New!New! BizTalk driver scales out BizTalk servers BizTalk driver scales out BizTalk servers (SP1)(SP1)

New!New! Global Assemblies (GAC) driver Global Assemblies (GAC) driver automatically registers assemblies in (SP2)automatically registers assemblies in (SP2)

COM+ ApplicationsCOM+ Applications ISAPI filtersISAPI filters Registry keysRegistry keys .Net Apps.Net Apps

Application DeploymentApplication Deployment

Deployment - copy application image Deployment - copy application image from one server to anotherfrom one server to another

Deployment can be used for:Deployment can be used for: FILL IN FILL IN Deploys content, components, & Deploys content, components, &

configurationconfiguration Streamlines application deploymentStreamlines application deployment

Development Test ProductionStaging

Multi-Cluster DeploymentMulti-Cluster Deployment

Stager (Cluster of 1)Stager (Cluster of 1) Farms of clustersFarms of clusters Deploy applications Deploy applications

from stager to one or from stager to one or more cluster more cluster controllerscontrollers

Useful for Test/QA Useful for Test/QA clustersclusters

Stager

Web Cluster 1

Web Cluster 2

Software ScalingSoftware Scaling

Capacity On-DemandCapacity On-DemandLoad BalancingLoad BalancingSession AvailabilitySession Availability

AC Cluster ManagementAC Cluster Management

Creating a clusterCreating a cluster Start with a single machineStart with a single machine That cluster becomes the controllerThat cluster becomes the controller ““Wizard” to create a Cluster in a few clicksWizard” to create a Cluster in a few clicks Mask underlying complexity by applying Mask underlying complexity by applying

appropriate defaults appropriate defaults

Adding MembersAdding Members Members can be added to the cluster using a Members can be added to the cluster using a

wizard that automates:wizard that automates: Deploying the applicationsDeploying the applications Configuring network or NLB settingsConfiguring network or NLB settings Configuring IISConfiguring IIS Configuring the clusterConfiguring the cluster

Application Load BalancingApplication Load Balancing Web clusters: HTTP Load BalancingWeb clusters: HTTP Load Balancing

Windows 2000 NLB (Third Party Load Balancing also)Windows 2000 NLB (Third Party Load Balancing also) ““Single-IP” solutionSingle-IP” solution Transparent to clientsTransparent to clients Request Forwarding provides “session” supportRequest Forwarding provides “session” support

COM+ clusters: Component Load BalancingCOM+ clusters: Component Load Balancing Web servers send COM+ activations to component serversWeb servers send COM+ activations to component servers Traffic dynamically-balanced according to serverTraffic dynamically-balanced according to server

response timeresponse time Common featuresCommon features

Distributed solution, no bottleneck, no single pointDistributed solution, no bottleneck, no single pointof failureof failure

Load is adjusted dynamically if servers added/removed/failLoad is adjusted dynamically if servers added/removed/fail Setup is easySetup is easy

Mission Critical AvailabilityMission Critical Availability

No Single Point of FailureNo Single Point of FailureHealth and Performance MonitoringHealth and Performance MonitoringEvent Detection and ResponseEvent Detection and Response

Health MonitorHealth Monitor

Useful for custom application monitors and to Useful for custom application monitors and to automate Application Center tasksautomate Application Center tasks

Data CollectorsData Collectors What you’re monitoringWhat you’re monitoring Performance counters, event log, service, process, Performance counters, event log, service, process,

COM+ application, HTTP request, ping, port, WMI COM+ application, HTTP request, ping, port, WMI instances and eventsinstances and events

ThresholdsThresholds Evaluate single property returnedEvaluate single property returned Change state if threshold crossedChange state if threshold crossed

ActionsActions Fired when threshold state changesFired when threshold state changes E-mail, command line, script, text log,E-mail, command line, script, text log,

Windows event log, WMI eventWindows event log, WMI event

Sample for Health MonitorSample for Health Monitor

Create new WMI Event ProviderCreate new WMI Event Provider NamespaceNamespace

Root\CIMv2\MicrosoftHealthMonitorRoot\CIMv2\MicrosoftHealthMonitor

QueryQuery Select * from MicrosoftHM_DataCollectorSelect * from MicrosoftHM_DataCollector

PerInstanceStatusEvent Where PerInstanceStatusEvent Where GUID= “guid”GUID= “guid”

Can also query on NameCan also query on Name

Health MonitoringHealth Monitoring

demodemo

Single ConsoleSingle Console

Manage Many as OneManage Many as OneSimple, IntegratedSimple, IntegratedRemote ManagementRemote Management

Management ConsolesManagement Consoles MMC snap-inMMC snap-in

Cluster managementCluster management Status & perf viewStatus & perf view ConfigurationConfiguration Events and monitorsEvents and monitors Links to other snap-insLinks to other snap-ins

IISIIS COM+COM+ Health MonitorHealth Monitor

Command line toolsCommand line tools Remoteable, secure Remoteable, secure

command-line based command-line based administrationadministration

Web shellWeb shell Operators viewOperators view View status, View status,

performance, eventsperformance, events Restart servers, reset Restart servers, reset

monitors, take servers monitors, take servers online/offlineonline/offline

Start synchronizationStart synchronization Does notDoes not

Create clusterCreate cluster Add/remove membersAdd/remove members Configure cluster Configure cluster

settingssettings

Application Center 2000 – Application Center 2000 – 可用性可用性

保证关键工程的运行保证关键工程的运行保证关键工程的运行保证关键工程的运行 无单一致名点无单一致名点 健康及性能监测健康及性能监测 事件的观测及反应事件的观测及反应

服务程序管理服务程序管理服务程序管理服务程序管理 统一服务程序界面统一服务程序界面 部署及复制简单部署及复制简单

软件伸缩性 软件伸缩性 软件伸缩性 软件伸缩性 随时调整容量需求随时调整容量需求 Load-BalancingLoad-Balancing 会话可用性 会话可用性 (Session (Session

Availability)Availability)

简单的控制台简单的控制台简单的控制台简单的控制台 统一的管理界面统一的管理界面 远距离管理远距离管理

More ResourcesMore Resources

www.microsoft.com/applicationcenterwww.microsoft.com/applicationcenter www.microsoft.com/serverswww.microsoft.com/servers Application Center Resource Kit Application Center Resource Kit

(Microsoft Press(Microsoft Press®® Book) Book) Also available as an eBookAlso available as an eBook

Professional Application Center (Wrox) Professional Application Center (Wrox) By Alex Homer, Matt Odhner, David SussmanBy Alex Homer, Matt Odhner, David Sussman

Application Center 2000 Admin (Sams)Application Center 2000 Admin (Sams) By Venkata RanganBy Venkata Rangan

Application Center 2000 Configuration and Application Center 2000 Configuration and Administration (Hungry Minds)Administration (Hungry Minds) By Don JonesBy Don Jones

Questions?Questions?

Please fill out evaluationsPlease fill out evaluations

如果您有任何问题，请加入如果您有任何问题，请加入微软中文新闻组微软中文新闻组

继续讨论继续讨论

加入微软中文新闻组加入微软中文新闻组http://www.microsoft.com/china/communityhttp://www.microsoft.com/china/community

© 2002 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.© 2002 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.