C Tng Nhp MnTc gi: Quch Anh T, L Thin V Chuyn thnh ebook: Xun Nguyn Vi li ni u: Cc tc gi sch Quch Anh T, L Thin V va l nhng k th rt ni ting, va l cc hun luyn vin v ngi nghin cu c lu nm.y l mt trong nhng quyn sch rt c gi tr ca h nhng khng hiu sao by gi khng cn ti bn Trc tnh hnh ebook v c tng rt khan him, nu c cng ch lo to vi cun bng ting anh hay ting trung nn Xun Nguyn linh ng chuyn cun sch ny thnh ebook mi ngi c ti liu tham kho v cng khi ph hoi mt cun sch c gi tr. Trong ebook Xun Nguyn ct b 2 chng 5 v 6 v 2 chng ny thc ra l lc t mt s sch khc ca cng nhm tc gi nn ct b cho khi trng lp.

Cuc i ti l mt gic m- Xun Nguyn Email: 09080102@yahoo.com C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 1 - Bn c, qun c v lut chi (1) Chng 1 Bn c, qun c v lut chi C Tng l cuc chi gia hai u th iu khin hai o qun i nghch giao tranh nhau. Cuc giao tranh ny din ra trn mt bi chin trng l bn c v qun s ca hai o qun ny bng nhau, tng loi binh chng ging y nhau, l qun c. Hai u th chi phi tun theo nhng quy c v lut l chnh xc, r rng c mi k th tn trng chp hnh, l nhng lut chi. Chng ny s gii thiu n cc bn cc khi nim, kin thc chung v bn c, qun c v lut chi c Tng. Bn c Bn c Tng c hnh ch nht, c 9 ng dc v 10 ng ngang giao ct nhau, to thnh 90 giao im. Gia bn c thng c mt hng ngang trng (khng c ng k

ng) dng lm ranh gii phn chia hai bn v c gi l sng (hoc "h"). y l ranh gii chia hai bn thnh hai trn a i nghch nhau, mt bn ca qun , mt bn ca qun xanh. Mi bn c 9 giao im nm trn bn vung phn bit vi cc khc bng cc ng k cho gi l "cung Tng".

(Hin nay theo Lut c ca Lin on c Vit Nam, d mu sc qun c nh th no cng phi qui v hai mu: trng v en. Hnh bn c in trong sch, bo c qui c pha di thuc bn trng, pha trn thuc bn en.) Cch gi tn cc v tr ch r v tr to trn bn c cng nh ghi c s di chuyn ca cc qun ngi ta qui c t tn cc ng dc v cc ng ngang nh hnh v. Chn ng dc c nh s t 1 n 9 v khi u t bn phi sang bn tri ca mi u th. Nh vy cng mt ng dc, u th ny gi l l 1 th u th kia gi l l 9, u th ny gi l l 2 th u th kia gi l l 8. C nh th ta thy tng ng cc l 3, 4 vi 7, 6. Ch c l 5 (cn gi l trung l) l ging nhau. Cn 10 ng ngang th mi bn li ly ng ngang di cng ca mnh lm chun gi tn: Tuyn y, Tuyn p y, Hng tuyn Pho, Hng tuyn Tt, Tuyn h (gi tt l h). Tuy nhin cc tn ny t khi c s dng, tr mt s nh nghin cu, bnh lun c. Tn cc ng dc c s dng thng xuyn, v cc qun c ng trn ng dc no th mang tn ng dc cho d nhn v d phn bit.

Thi xa, ngi ta t tn cho mi giao im mt tn ring. Bn c c 90 giao im th c 90 tn. Chng hn, quyn Mai Hoa ph, bn c xa t tn cc giao im ng ngang di cng t bn phi sang bn tri l: Tng - Cc - Gian - Thin Honh - V - Phng - Tin - Mang (i vi bn trng). Cn tn cc giao im tuyn y ca bn en li l: Nhn - Ton - Thi - Tn - S - Doanh - Hoang - Khuyn Trng. t tn nh vy khi qun c di chuyn t v tr no n v tr no s nu tn c th ra, khng s nhm ln. Ngi i sau thy t nhiu tn qu kh nh nn ci bin li cho d nh hn. Kiu ci bin nu trn cha tht khoa hc nhng tr thnh thi quen, ngi ta khng chu thay i na. Do , hin nay, mt s nh nghin cu ngh t tn cc ng dc theo s th t t 1 n 9, ly bn trng lm chun v nh s th t t tri sang phi. Cn cc ng ngang th cng thng nht ghi t di ln trn cc ng mang tn a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i v j. T mi giao im hay mi to s mang mt tn khc nhau, chng s nhm ln, ging kiu lm ca Mai Hoa ph c xa. Kiu ny khoa hc nhng do khng quen nn chng my ai chu theo. Quyn Lut C Tng do Lin on C Vit nam ban hnh vn s dng qui c to nh c nn chng ta chp hnh gi nguyn nh vy. Hi Lin Hip C Tng Th Gii cng khng c ch trng thay i nhng qui c ny th khng c l do g chng ta li i khc i. Nu i khc th kh khn cho cc k th ta tham d cc cuc thi u quc t. V li, i khc i tng d, ho ra cng phc tp hn, c bit sch bo vit v c ghi theo li c, cc em thanh thiu nin hc theo kiu mi s khng c c cc sch ny. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 1 - Bn c, qun c v lut chi (2)

Qun c Qun c c phn chia thnh hai bn i nghch nhau. Khi bt u vn c, mi bn c 16 qun cng mu, bao gm cc loi binh chng nh sau: 1 Tng, 2 S, 2 Tng, 2 M, 2 Xe, 2 Pho v 5 Tt. Do C Tng bt ngun t Trung Quc nn cc qun c c vit bng ch Hn phn bit nhau. Hnh cc qun c nh di.( Ch l qun hai bn tuy cng loi nhng hnh li hi khc nhau, ch c Xe v M l ging m thi).

V tr cc qun c khi bt u vn c Trc ht cn ni r: mi qun c ch t trn mt giao im hay mt giao im ch c t mt qun c m thi. Khi bt u vn c, cc qun c b tr theo mt th c ban u nh hnh di. Chng ta thy, hai Tng ng chnh gia ngay trn ng dc s 5. ng dc ny ngi ta gi l trung l hay trung tuyn. Th b tr qun ban u hon ton i xng nhau gia qun hai bn v gia cnh phi v cnh tri.

Qui c ch vit tt v cch gi tn v tr cc qun Ngi ta thng dng cc ch vit tt ch cc qun, nht l khi vit sch c hay ti

liu v c, c bit l dng dng ghi chp bin bn. Qui c nh sau: Qun c Qun c Tng S Tng Xe Pho M Tt (Binh) Vit tt Tg S T X P M B

Cch gi tn v tr cc qun Do cc qun c mi bn (tr Tng) thng c t hai tr ln (Tt c 5 qun) nn phn bit cc qun c vi nhau ngoi tn ca n cn phi thm v tr ng ca n, ch yu l tn cc ng dc xc nh chnh xc l qun c no. V d, Xe 7 l ni v qun Xe ang ng trn l 7. Do khng s nhm Tng vi qun khc nn khng cn phi thm tn ct cho n. Nu cc qun cng loi li ng trn cng mt l (ct) th phn bit chng vi nhau cn phi dng cc t trc, gia, sau phn bit. Lc ny li c th b tn ct i c. V d Pho sau ch rng hin ang c hai qun Pho ang ng trn cng mt l v qun cn quan tm l qun Pho ng sau. Ch gia ch dng trong trng hp c ba qun Tt cng trn mt l v Tt ch ra y l Tt ga (trng hp c 4 hoc 5 Tt mt l c th coi nh khng xy ra trong cc vn c bnh thng). Khi ghi chp bin bn c th dng cc ch vit tt nh sau: Trc Ga Sau t g s

Cc qun c tuy i theo nhng lut khc nhau nhng chung qui ch c 3 dng: Tin, Thoi (i li), Bnh (i ngang) v k hiu nh sau: Tin Bnh Thoi . (du chm) - (du ngang) / (gch cho)

Quch Anh T, L Thin V

C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 1 - Bn c, qun c v lut chi (3) Cch i v n qun ca cc qun c Khi tin hnh vn c, mi u th ch c thc hin mt nc i khi n lt mnh. Mt nc i l mt s di chuyn ca mt qun c t mt giao im ny n giao im khc. Vn c din ra l s lin tc cc nc i, thay phin nhau gia hai bn. Mi mt qun phi i hoc n qun theo mt lut nht nh ng vi n. Cch i qun Tng Tng ch c i tng bc mt (t mt giao im chuyn sang mt giao im ngay bn cnh) theo ng ngang v ng dc trong cung Tng v khng c i ra khi cung.

Nhng nc i ca Tng S S cng ch c i tng bc mt nhng i trn ng cho trong cung v cng khng c i ra khi cung.

Nhng nc i ca S Tng Tng i cho gc theo hnh "ch in" (l mt hnh c 4 vung). Nu giao im chnh gia ch in (cn gi l Tng nhn - mt Tng) c bt c mt qun no ng (qun ta hoc i phng) th Tng b cn, khng i c. Tng ch c hot ng bn trn a ca mnh ch khng vt qua sng sang t i phng c.

Nhng mi tn mu xm trong hnh ch nhng nc i b cn (khng i c) Xe Xe i theo ng thng (dc hoc ngang u c) v khng hn ch bc i (vt qua my giao im u c). Nh vy nu khng b qun no cn ng, Xe c th n bt c v tr no trn cc ng thng t ch n ng.

Xe c th i n bt c v tr no m n nhn thy Pho Pho cng i ht nh Xe. S khc bit gia Pho v Xe l cch n qun m phn di s ni r.

M M i theo ng cho hnh ch nht (gm 2 vung lin nhau) hoc ni chnh xc hn l M i trn cnh di ri r sang cnh ngang ca hnh ch nht. Nu ngay gia cnh di c bt k qun no ng cn th M ny b cn, khng thc hin nc i c.

Nu khng ng gn cc cnh hoc b cn, mt con M c th khng ch n tm im. Nhng mi tn mu xm trong hnh ch nhng nc i b cn (khng i c). Tt Tt i tng bc mt, ch c tin ch khng c li. Khi qua sng th Tt cn c quyn i sang ngang (phi, tri tu ).

Loi binh chng dng cm nht: ch tin m khng li Cch n qun Tt c cc qun (c tr Pho) i th no th n qun th . C ngha l trn ng di chuyn n mt v tr m n c quyn n theo cch i ca mi loi qun m c mt qun ca i phng th n c quyn tiu dit (n) qun . Nhng nu l qun ca phe n ng th n khng n c v cng khng tiu dit c. Ring i vi qun Pho th n di chuyn nh Xe nhng khng n qun nh Xe. Gia

n v qun i phng n c phi c mt qun bt k lm ngi.

Pho n cn c ngi Bn hy chi vi chng trnh, chn qun v i. Nu nc no bn i sai lut th chong trnh s khng chp nhn v yu cu i li. My iu qui nh c bn Tng hai bn tuyt i khng c nhn mt nhau trn cng mt ng dc. Khi hai Tng cng ng trn mt ng dc th phi c t nht mt qun bt k (bn no cng c) ng xen gia (tt nhin qun c ny ch c tc dng ngn khng cho hai Tng thy mt nhau ch cng khng chiu Tng i phng). Nu bn no b "l mt" Tng trc th b coi l vi phm lut, phi thay i nc i, nu khng cn nc i khc th b x thua theo lut ht nc i. Tt c cc qun u c quyn hi sinh, tc l t t cho i phng n. Th nhng ring qun Tng th hon ton khng c quyn nh vy. D v tnh hay c i Tng vo vng do i phng kim sot, tc l vng m qun i phng c th n c th coi nh i phm lut v phi i li. Khi mt qun no ca i phng thc hin nc bt Tng, tc l t Tng bn kia trong tm st hi ca n, hay ni gn l qun i phng "chiu Tng", th bn b chiu buc phi chng . C th chng bng nhng cch: Tng chy chn, tiu dit qun chiu Tng hoc lm cn tr nc chiu bng mt qun c khc. Nu thc hin c ba cch trn khng hiu qu hoc khng thc hin c mt cch no th bn b chiu thua vn c. Nc chiu Tng dn n thua gi l nc "chiu b". Nu mt bn, tuy Tng khng b chiu nhng tt c cc qun ca phe n khng th i mt nc no ng lut (ht nc i) th cng b x thua. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 1 - Bn c, qun c v lut chi (4)

Cch ghi bin bn Khi tin hnh vn c, mi u th phi t ghi bin bn. Xa kia ngi ta giao cho trng ti bn lm iu ny, nhng t hn 10 nm qua, c Tng cng hc tp bn c Vua buc u th phi trc tip ghi ly. Nu khng ghi s b loi khi gii. Do vic o to k th c Tng ngay t khi mi hc cch chi phi quan tm dy cch ghi bin bn. Mun ghi c bin bn cn nm cc qui c sau y: 1. Qui c v cch gi cc nc di chuyn qun Phn trc c nu: tu mi loi qun c cch i khc nhau nhng tu trung c ba dng. a. Tn Tn (hay tin) l di chuyn qun ra pha trc. Mi qun c u thc hin c nc tn theo kiu ring ca mnh. Nh qun Xe tn 5 c ngha l n tn ln 5 giao im trc mt, khng tnh v tr n ang ng. Ni r hn, qun Xe l 2, ti v tr tuyn y ca n, nu Xe tn 4 tc l tn ln h, nu Xe tn 6 tc l ln ngay hng tuyn Tt ca i phng, cn tn 5 tc l n ng bn h ca i phng. Trong thut ng c, nu Xe ng bn h ca n th gi l "Xe tun h", cn sang h ca i phng th gi l "Xe k h", nu xung ngang hng tuyn Tt th gi l "Xe qu h". Trng hp qun Pho tn ln th cng ging nh Xe, c m s giao im trc mt n (khng k v tr n ang ng) n v tr mi, c my giao im l n tn ln my bc. Nhng qun S, Tng v M th c cch i khc Xe, Pho nn khng m s giao im c m phi cn c s th t ca ng dc m n mi n bit n tn ln u. Chng hn qun M trng v tr ban u trn l 2, nu tn ln, bt buc n phi nhy sang l 1 hoc l 2 hoc 4 (nu khng c Tng 3 cn). Cn qun Tng 3 cng vy, nu tn ln, n c th ln l 1 hay cn gi l ln bin, hoc l n ln l 5 hay cng gi l ln u. S l 4 hoc l 6 nu tn ln th ch ln l 5 tc l ln gia cung. b. Thoi Thoi hay tht lui l a qun tr li, hng v phi trn a ca mnh. Tt c mi loi qun u c th tht li tr cc qun Tt. Cch thoi nh th no, v tr ra sao, hon ton ging nh lc tn. c. Bnh Bnh l i ngang. C th i ngang qua cnh phi hoc cnh tri. C bn loi qun l Tng, Xe, Pho v Tt c th thc hin nc bnh, cn M, Tng v S c cch i c bit nn khng c nc i ngang. Khi i ngang th cc qun Tng, Xe, Pho v Tt thay i ch ng t ng dc ny sang ng dc khc nn ngi ta khng th m giao im m ghi s th t ca ng dc l xc nh c. Chng hn Xe l 2 ang v tr tun h di chuyn sang l

7, tc Xe 2 bnh 7 th n vn tun h nhng di chuyn sang trc l 7. Qun Tng v Tt ch i tng bc mt nn nu c bnh th ch i sang trc l k cn thi, nht l Tng khng c ra khi cung nn nc i ngang cng hn ch. 2. Khi ghi bin bn th dng k hiu ghi cho nhanh Tt nhin u th no mun ghi y , khng dng k hiu cng c v lut chi khng cm vic ny. Phn trc chng ta bit nhng ch vit tt ch tn cc qun c, hc k hiu di chuyn qun, gm tn, thoi v bnh. V xc nh qun c, chng ta bit gi tn theo v tr ng ca n. nm c nhng iu trn th c th ghi c nhng nc i ca c hai bn, l ghi bin bn vn u. Khi ghi nh cn mi nc phi c th hin bng bn k hiu: trc tin l k hiu qun c, nh X (Xe), B (Binh), M (M)..., th hai l v tr n ng (tn ng dc), th ba l k hiu di chuyn: (.) tn, (/) thoi, (-) bnh, th t l v tr qun c mi n. Th d trn u gia hai u th, nc th nht trng i Pho 2 bnh 5; en i M 8 tn 7; nc th hai trng i M 2 tn 3, en i tip Xe 9 bnh 8; nc th ba trng i Xe 1 bnh 2, en p li Tt 7 tn 1... Ta ghi bin bn vi cc k hiu ngn gn nh sau: 1) P2-5 M8.7 2) M2.3 X9-8 3)X1-2 B7.1 Trng hp c cc qun c cng loi cng ng chung mt ng dc th ta ghi phn bit bng ch vit tt: trc (t), sau (s) hoc gia (g) v nu ghi thm chi tit ny th khng cn ghi v tr ng ban u cng c. 3. Cch ch nh v tr cc qun trong mt th c khng cn v hnh bn c Khi thi u, vn c hon u, nht thit phi ghi bin bn ch nh v tr cc qun lc hon u. Ngi ta qui c cch ghi nh sau. V d xem th c di:

Trc ht ghi v tr Tng, S, Tng, ri n Xe, Pho, M v Tt ca bn trng hng trn, ca bn en hng di. Theo th t nh vy nhng th c khng c qun no th b qua qun . Sau cng cn ghi r tng s qun c ca mi bn. Nh th c trn ta ghi: Bn trng: Tg5, S5, T5, T7, P5+6, M7+4, B4+6 (8 con) Bn en: Tg5, S5, T5, T7, P4+2 (5 con) Nh vy hng tuyn y lm chun khng ghi g, bt u tuyn p y +1, tuyn Pho +2, hng tuyn Tt +3, c nh th m ln ch r hng ngang no. Cch ghi ny c th dng cho dy hc, khi cho hc sinh cc th c v nh gii, ch cn cho to nh vy cng c, khi phi v hnh bn c thm cho mt th gi. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 1 - Bi tp Tt c cc bi tp di y Trng i trc v thng Bi tp 1: Vn c:

Bi tp 2: Vn c:

Bi tp 3: Vn c:

Bi tp 4: Vn c:

Bi tp 5: Vn c:

Bi tp 6: Vn c:

Bi tp 7: Vn c:

Bi tp 8: Vn c:

Bi tp 9: Vn c:

Bi tp 10: Vn c:

Bi tp 11: Vn c:

Bi tp 12: Vn c:

Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 2 - I. Nhng th php thng dng, my thut ng, gi tr ca cc qun Chng 2 I. Nhng th php thng dng, my thut ng, gi tr ca cc qun

Trong c Tng c rt nhiu n chin thut. C nhng n phc tp kh nhn thy nhng cng c lm n rt n gin d nhn ra ngay. Ngi chi c gii l ngi am hiu tt c nhng n chin thut. Trong tng tnh hung thi u c th, h bit chn n no chi c li nht, ng thi h i c khng s h b i phng nh n chin thut. Trong thut ng C Tng, ngi ta t dng "n chin thut" m hay dng "th php" cng l mt khi nim ch nhng c nh kho lo gy tn thng, bt li cho i phng. Trong chng ny chng ta s bc u tp lm quen vi nhng th php thng dng, n gin nhng y l nhng yu t c bn trong chi c. Chng ta cng th tm hiu ni dung mt s thut ng v bn v gi tr ca cc qun. 1. Nc chiu Tng Mt bn i c uy hip Tng i phng, chun b nc sau n Tng th nc i c gi l "nc Tng" hay "chiu Tng" v bt buc i phng phi chng . V sao li chi nc c ny? V chiu Tng c th ginh thng li nu i phng khng c. Nhng cng c khi chiu Tng qun Tng ca i phng phi di chuyn n mt v tr xu m sau ny ta c iu kin bt b Tng d dng hn. Hnh di l cc nc chiu i phng nu l lt i. Bn Trng c ba cch chiu i phng v bn en cng c ba cch.

2. Nc chiu Lut c qui nh: khi Tng b chiu th bt buc phi nc chiu . Khng c th b x thua. Bn en trong hnh di ang b chiu Tng v n c tng cng nm nc

chiu:

Tng chy trn (sang tri). Ln S che cho Tng. Chy Tng lm Pho mt ngi (tin hoc thoi). Dng M n (tiu dit) qun ang chiu Tng (qun Pho Trng).

3. Nc nh b Khi mt bn dng cc qun chiu lin tc i phng khng chng c hoc dng mt qun e do trc sau chiu b Tng th cc nc ny u gi l "nc nh b" hay nc hm b. y cng l mt th on tn cng, thng ginh thng li, nu khng th cng chim u th. Nu bn Trng i trc th c th ko Pho v hm nc chiu b tip theo (nt t on). Nu bn en i th ch cn tin Tt mt nc do nc sau xung Tt chiu ht.

4. Nc bt Mt bn iu qun n uy hip mt qun ca i phng, chun b nc sau s n qun b uy hip . Nc iu qun trn c gi l "nc bt". Nc bt thng dng tn cng n hn qun, ginh u th hoc ginh tin th. Trong hnh v, nu Trng i th nh nc tin Xe do bt Pho en. Thc cht ca nc ny l thc hin a Xe n v tr tt ch u d g n c Pho. Nu en i th tin Xe bt M. Nc ny s gip n M li qun, cng l mt kiu ginh u th.

5. Nc chiu rt v nc nh cha

Nc chiu rt l li dng vic chiu rt qun c ra to nn tnh trng chiu Tng ri n qun i phng. Xe, Pho thng phi hp nhau chi th on ny, hoc cng c th dng Xe, M phi hp chi chiu rt c. Ring qun M c nc nh cha i rt li hi. Khi n nhy chiu cng c th bt qun i phng. Nhng n tn cng ny va li qun va ginh u th rt d. Hnh v cho thy nu en i c th thc hin nc chiu rt, ko Xe v bt M Trng trong khi Pho ang hm chiu Tng. Trng buc phi lo nc chiu ny th s b n mt M. Nu Trng i th c th dng M nh cha rt c, nhy chiu buc i phng chy Tng ri n Xe.

6. Nc chiu m y cng l dng khc ca "chiu rt" nhng n t nguy him hn chiu rt. l do sau khi mt qun trung gian chy i, cho qun pha sau hm chiu Tng th qun trung gian ny c th li dng i phng phi i ph s tip tc di chuyn n mt ch khc c li hn. Trn hnh v, nu khng c nc "chiu m" th qun Pho Trng kh lng chy thot. Nh nc chiu m ny n mi chy c v lui v phng th vng chc. i vi bn en, cng nh nc chiu m m en c th i Tt ngang sang cnh tri m khng s i ngay vo chn Tng giy v ng ngay trc mi gio Tt 3 ca i phng m khng h hn g do Trng phi lo n Tng. Nc tip theo en s i Tt ny tip sang cnh phi uy hip M Trng, buc M Trng phi lui v ch khng th qua sng tn cng c.

7. Nc i qun Nc "i qun" l mt bn cho i phng n mt mt qun, ri sau n li mt qun khc ca i phng m gi tr ca qun ny cng tng ng vi qun b mt. Nh vy hai bn trao i qun cng gi tr vi nhau. Nu i phng cha thc hin nc n qun th coi nh nc mi ch l " ngh i qun" hay khiu khch i qun. Thng thng nu ch ng i c qun s dn n c li hoc ci thin tnh hnh. Cn nu b ng buc phi i qun th c khi phi chu l cht hoc km phn. Nc i qun thng nhm lm gim p lc i phng, hoc lm suy yu th phng th, hoc c khi ch ct lm n gin ho th c cho d tnh ton.

8. Nc eo bm

Nc eo bn s dng mt qun eo bm theo mt qun khc ca i phng. Thng thng qun b eo bm ny c bo v nn khng th gi l n b bt. Tuy nhin do qun i phng b eo bm mi kin n khng hot ng c v c qun bo v n cng khng b i u c nn rt kh chu. Th on "eo bm" l mt dng khng ch khin i phng rt kh chi. Trn hnh v, nu Trng i s dng Xe eo bm Tt ct 8 ca en khin qun Xe bo v Tt ny khng th lui v c v do khng th a Tt en p li gn cung Tng Trng. Nu en i th cng c th dng Xe eo bm Pho Trng ct 9 qun Pho ny khng th ko v e do ui Xe n Tt ca en c.

9. Nc cn Nc cn l mt bn dng qun ngn cn mt qun khc ca i phng, ch yu khng cho qun i phng tn cng. Nc cn l mt th php dng phng th i khi rt hiu qu. Hnh v, nu Trng i c th dng Tt cn khng cho Xe thc xung chiu ht. Nu en i c th dng Pho cn khng cho Xe Trng thc xung chiu.

Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 2 - I. Nhng th php thng dng, my thut ng, gi tr ca cc qun (2) 10. Nc th qun Mt bn mun thc hin mt m mu no , cn phi hi sinh mt qun li ko qun i phng i ch khc. Khi i phng chp nhn n qun th b ny s b uy hip. Nh vy nc th qun l mt qun do ch ng t cho i phng n, ch khng phi l do "ng ngn" hay "mt qung g" t cho i phng n m chng thu c li lc g. Th qun l mt th on thng chi tn cng v phng th. Trn hnh khi ko Pho v cnh Xe l t t Pho ny cho Xe en n. Nu en chp nhn n th bnh Pho kia ra uy hip i phng mnh.

11. Nc phong to Nc phong to l mt bn dng qun phong to hoc hn ch tm hot ng ca i phng. Mc ch ca vic phong to cn nhm pht huy sc mnh ca cc qun ta, kim sot c vng khng gian rng ln, d dng cho cc cuc tn cng. Hnh v, nu Trng i th ch mt nc bnh Xe s ngn cn Xe en khng hot ng c. Cn nu en i th nh nc tin Pho s phong to Xe Trng, lm n ngt ngt, mun tin ln m khng i c.

12. Nc ym hay nc Cng tng t nh nc phong to, nhng cn t hi hn do qun ca i phng b ym hay ngt ngt, kh b xoay tr hn nhiu. Qun b mun thot ln phi mt nhiu thi gian, tc l phi mt nhiu nc i m ng cho n. Hnh v, nc i ca Xe Trng khin M en b khng nhy ln c phi hp

tn cng. Cn nu en i c th sang Pho M Trng, khin Trng mun i M ny phi di chuyn hai con Tng rt vt v mi to c ch cho M nhy ln.

13. Nc i qun Nc "i qun" l mt bn cho i phng n mt mt qun, ri sau n li mt qun khc ca i phng m gi tr ca qun ny cng tng ng vi qun b mt. Nh vy hai bn trao i qun cng gi tr vi nhau. Nu i phng cha thc hin nc n qun th coi nh nc mi ch l " ngh i qun" hay khiu khch i qun. Thng thng nu ch ng i c qun s dn n c li hoc ci thin tnh hnh. Cn nu b ng buc phi i qun th c khi phi chu l cht hoc km phn. Nc i qun thng nhm lm gim p lc i phng, hoc lm suy yu th phng th, hoc c khi ch ct lm n gin ho th c cho d tnh ton.

14. Nc ghim qun Trng hp s dng qun Pho khng ch Xe, M hoc Xe, Pho ca i phng th c gi l gim qun. Th on ny trc ht cng hn ch cc qun i phng hot ng, tip s n li qun. Hnh v l cch dng Pho ghim qun i phng, khin Xe i phng khng th i c v s mt qun.

15. Nc hi sinh Mt bn ch ng s dng mt qun c gi tr cao hn i ly mt qun ca i phng c gi tr thp hn, tc l i l cht, th gi l "nc hi sinh". Nc ny khc vi nc th qun nu phn trn ch mt ng i l cht cn mt ng b cho n khng, nhng mc ch th ging nhau. V sau khi hi sinh n s tn cng quyt lit ginh thng li hoc ginh u th. Trong th c ny, nu nc 2 m n n qun M ca bn en th ch l mt nc i qun. Nhng khi dng qun M Trng n Tng en, tc l em mt qun c c gi tr cao i ly mt qun c gi tr thp. Nhng nc i tip theo cho n nc th 5 th bn Trng hi sinh c hai M m t tn cng quyt lit. Nc tip theo th 6 Trng s chuyn Xe sanh cnh phi v n M en. n y en kh chng .

16. Nc ct qun Mt bn dng qun ngn chn s lin lc bo v gia hai qun ca i phng, nhm gip cho mt qun khc ca phe n uy hip mt trong hai qun b ngn chn. l nc nh ngn ct, hay nc ct qun. Nc ny thng dng ngn ct cp Tng hoc cp M ng lin hon. Hnh di, bn Trng c th dng Xe lm tc "Tng nhn", gip Pho 7 hm nh b. Bn en cng c th tin M ngn chn Tng gip Xe en uy hip Pho u ca Trng.

17. Nc bao vy y l nc nhm ngn ct ng rt lui ca qun i phng, nht l i vi qun M. Bao vy hay l nht qun chng khng cn t do hot ng, sau s tm cch tiu dit chng. Th c di qun M qua sng ca bn Trng lt vo t a. Bn en s dng Pho

chn ng v ca M v dng Tng chn tip khng cho M Trng ny hot ng.

18. Nc i ch Trong c c nhng lc cn i mt nc khng thuc tn cng cng khng thuc phng th, nhng khng phi l khng c mc ch. Nhng nc ny c gi l "nc i ch" thuc loi th php cao cng m nhng ngi trnh km kh thc hin. Hnh di l mt trng hp n gin, d hiu nc i ch. Bn Trng ang tm cch di chuyn qun Pho sang cnh tri v b Xe en ngn cn. Th nhng ch cn i ngang mt l mt nc i ch nhng cho en quyn i qun th Xe en buc phi m ng cho Phao bnh sang tri v chiu Tng thng c (nu bn en chng bng nc n Xe vo Pho th bn Trng c mt Pho, mt S vn sc thng bn en cn hai S).

Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 2 - II. My thut ng trong c Tng II. My thut ng trong c Tng C Tng c rt nhiu thut ng. Phn trn va nu nhng th php ng thi cng nu nhiu thut ng gi tn tng loi nc i. Gi y chng ta cn bit thm mt s khi nhim xung quanh vic nh gi th c v y cng l mt s thut ng chuyn mn. 1. Nc tin v nc hu Khi hai u th to nn mt th c m mt bn ch ng tn cng cn mt bn b ng i ph nhng khng yu km v qun s hoc v th bao nhiu, th ngi ta gi l mt bn c tin, hay tin th, hay ch ng, cn mt bn mt tin, hay hu th, hay b ng. Cng c khi ni ngn gn l mt bn nc tin, mt bn nc hu. Thut ng ny thng dng nh gi mt th c m hai bn khng hn km nhau bao nhiu v tnh trng ny d thay i qua li. V ta thng thy mt bn chi cc nc chiu Tng, hm b, bt qun, buc bn kia phi b ng i ph.

Nh th c trn Trng i: 1. P1.4 T3.5 Trng dng Pho n Tt hm b li bt M khin en phi b ng ln Tng i ph. Ta ni Trng tin th, cn en hu th. 2. u th v km th Cn c vo tnh th trn u din ra mt giai on no m nh gi th thy mt bn r rng d i hoc cc qun b tr nhng v tr tt hay th c ang uy hip i

phng, nm quyn ch ng rt r. Ngi ta gi l "u th" hay "chim u". Ngc li bn kia c th l qun, m S, Tng v b ng chng , l phng ng hay ang "km th". Trng hp ny khc vi trng hp trn l y th c km r rng v tnh trng ny khng d dng thay i, nu bn u khng sai st v bn km khng c nhng nc cao siu sc ho gii. Nh hnh di bn Trng u th r.

3. Th thng v th thua l th c m mt bn cc qun ng hn hoc cc qun ng khng ch ton b cc din vn c, ang c c hi tn cng ginh thng li cui cng. Bn u th ny ang trong "th thng", cn pha bn kia ang trong "th thua". Nh vy, y tnh hnh din ra cng r hn trng hp trn: t u th tin n thng th v t km th tr thnh bi th. Nh hnh di, en mt S, mt Tng v M v tr xu, trong khi cc Tt c th b dit thm. Vi th c ny cn nh gi: Trng ang trong th thng, cn en ang trong th thua.

4. Th cn bng l th c hai bn ngang nhau, khng th phn bit ai hn, ai km. Cng c th l th c rt phc tp v hai bn u c c may ginh thng li nh nhau. Chng hn hnh di cho thy: hai bn b tr trn hnh nghim mt, khng mt ch no s h. Lc lng qun s bng nhau. V vy nn nh gi y l mt th cn bng.

5. Phn tin Khi nim ny ch khi bn hu th hay bn b ng i ph chi mt nc c cao ginh li c quyn ch ng. Th nhng nh nu trn, nc tin nc hu ch mi l quyn ch ng hay b ng ch cha phi l u th, km th. Do trn u cn gay go, cha r rng. Nh th c di. T khai cuc n y Trng i trc vn ch ng, nhng va ri en i: p2-3 hm nh b, Trng b phn tin buc i: 1. X4-7 M3/1 en lui M v i M1.2 bt cht Xe Trng li l mt nc hay tip tc buc Trng b ng i ph: 2.M9/7 B1.1 3.P5.4 X1-2. n y en phn tin r.

6. Lt vo th Trong c c nhng tnh hung cc quan lin kt phi hp nh n ch t, dit Tng i phng. Ngi Trung Quc gi l "nhp cuc", cn ta gi l "lt vo th" hoc "trng n phi hp". Nh th c di, en ch quan khng nhn thy n phi hp hai Xe v mt Tt ca Trng:

1.X3.5 S5/6 2.X3-4 Tg-6 3.X3.9 Tg.1 4.B4.1 Tg-5 5.X2/1 Tg/1 6.B3.1 S4.5 7.X2.1 S5/6 8.X2-4 Trng thng 7. Ht nc Khi mt bn chi mt nc c nhm vo chiu b Tng i phng m i phng khng cn cch no cu, th gi l lm vo th "ht nc " hay cng gi l th "tuyt st". Hnh di cho thy: nu Trng i: 1.M3.2 a vo th "ht nc " i vi en. V nu Trng i tip s l 2.M2 /4 Tg-6 3.P5-4 chiu b.

Cn nu en i: 1...M1.3 cng l th ht nc vi Trng. 8. c bo v v khng c bo v Khi mt qun c no c mt qun c khc ca phe n bo v, khin n khng s mt qun ca i phng c gi tr tng ng hoc cao hn n uy hip (v nu qun i phng n n, s b qun bn n n li). Ngi ta gi qun c c bo v l qun c "c cn". Tri li, mt qun c khng c bo v l "v cn" nhng cng c th mt qun c tuy c bo v y vn coi nh "v cn" v qun uy hip n c gi tr thp hn n (chng hn M b Tt ui). Hay trn danh ngha th c bo v nhng thc cht chng bo v c (do qun bn khng n li c v b ghim) th gi l "cn gi". Cn gi cng nh v cn, chng bo v c qun no.

Xem hnh trn ta thy: Pho Trng trung l c Tt u bo v nn gi n l Pho c cn v l cn tht. N khng s con Xe en trung l n n. Cn qun Pho 6 ng tai S khng c ai bo v nn n l qun Pho v cn. Xe en c th n n c. Qun M 3 Trng c con Tng ca phe n bo v, nhng con Tt en bt n khin n phi chy nn coi nh M v cn. Tri li qun Pho trng l 3 ang b Xe 7 ca Trng bt, mc d n c Xe ca phe n bo v nhng con Xe ny b Pho ghim, khng di chuyn ngang c, nn thc cht Pho en c cn gi, coi nh v

cn. Xe Trng s n n nu n khng chy. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 2 - III. Gi tr ca cc qun III. Gi tr ca cc qun Chi c l cuc chin u gia hai o qun. Cuc chin ny lun din ra bn ny hoc bn kia tiu dit qun i phng, hoc c hai bn cng tiu dit qun ln nhau. Ngi ta ni, l hai bn trao i qun vi nhau. Nhng chng ta hc, mi qun c c li i khc nhau th hin sc mnh khc nhau, tc gi tr ca chng khng ng nht. Vy cn c vo u trao i qun? Nhng ngi chi c trc kia bo rng: "Xe 10, Pho 7, M 3" nh th c ng khng? Trc ht phi ni l cu nh gi sc mnh ca Xe, Pho, M nh th l khng cng bng, khng chnh xc nhng cng khng hon ton sai. Khng hon ton sai v nh gi cao qun Xe l ng, cho Xe gi tr 10 cng ng v sc mnh ca Xe bng sc mnh ca Pho v M hp li cng ng nt. Nhng nh gi qun Pho qu cao, cho rng hai qun Pho cng li hn mt Xe l khng chnh xc. nh gi qu thp M, cho rng hai M cng li khng bng mt Pho l khng cng bng v hon ton khng chnh xc. Nhng nh nghin cu, l lun v c thng nht nh gi li cc qun theo bng gi tr sau. Nu ly mt con Tt cha qua h lm chun xc nh gi tr th n ch bng 1. V khi cha qua h Tt l qun km nng lc nht, n ch kim sot c mi mt im trc mt. Th nhng khi n qua h th tr nn linh hot hn. N c th r nhnh qua phi, hoc qua tri v c th uy hip bt c qun no ca i phng v n c gi tr qu thp, sn sng "i mng" vi qun i phng. By gi khng th ch coi n c gi tr 1 nu i phng cng ng tnh b ra mt S hoc mt Tng i ly Tt. Nh vy gi tr ca Tt qua h phi l 2. T ly Tt lm chun, ngi ta so snh gi tr ca cc qun c nh sau: Tt (cha qua h) Tt ( qua h) S Tng M Pho Xe 1 2 2 2.5 4,5 5 10

Vi bng gi tr , ngi ta lit Xe, Pho v M vo loi nhng "qun mnh". Cc

qun S, Tng, Tt vo nhng "qun yu". Trong bn ny khng ni gi tr ca Tng v n khng phi l mt qun chin u, d i khi n cng gip cc qun ca phe n ginh chin thng, nhng khng th nh i n vi bt c gi no nn khng cn thit ra gi tr ca n. H mt Tng th thua c, l qui c c bn khi by ra tr chi ny. Tr li bng gi tr, ta so snh thy gi tr mt Xe tng ng mt M v mt Pho, hoc hai Pho hay hai M cng mt Tt. Cn gi tr mt M ngang vi mt Pho hay c km t ti, cn hai M thm mt Tt cha qua h bng hai Pho. Xe Pho M l b ba ngang vi Xe hai M hoc Xe hai Pho. Nu so snh vi S, Tng th thy mt M hoc mt Pho tng ng vi hai S hoc hai Tng. Nu so snh vi Tt th mt M bng hai Tt qua h v mt Tt qua h bng mt Tng hoc mt S. Chnh nh gi tr cc qun nh th m cc i th cn c vo trao i qun, tnh ton trao i th no l ngang bng, trao i th no l li cht hay l cht... Th nhng y ch l gi tr ca cc qun mang tnh cht tuyt i, ngha l ch cn c vo sc mnh so snh gia chng trn mt bn c trng trn, khng t trong mt th c phc tp no. Ngi ta cng gi y l gi tr vn c ca tng qun c. Cn trong khi giao u, tng giai on c th, vi nhng v tr ng khc nhau, gi tr ca tng qun c thay i. N c th tng cao hn, nu n ng v tr tt, hoc cng c th gim i nu ng v tr xu. Ngi ta gi gi tr ny l gi tr bin ng ca cc qun. Do ngi chi c cao khng phi ch cn c vo gi tr vn c m cn phi cn c vo gi tr bin ng ca cc qun quyt nh nn i qun hay khng. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 3 - Nhng qui tc c bn khi u c (1) Chng 3 Nhng qui tc c bn khi u c I. Nhng qui tc c bn khi u c Trc kia, khi chi c c coi l mt sinh hot vn ho, th khng cn thit c nhng qui nh qu kht khe trong giao u. V du sao cng l nhng giy pht gii tr thanh cao. Nhng t khi c c coi l mt loi hnh thi u th thao cn xc nh r k thng ngi thua, th ny sinh ra nhiu iu m nu khng qui nh r rng dt khot d xy ra nhng v tranh ci. Do , lut chi tng bc c sa i b sung, trong c nhng qui tc v vn u c nh r. Mt khc u c th phi bit n qun, bt qun, nhng khng phi n ht qun i phng mi l thng. Phn trc nu: khi i phng chiu Tng m bn b chiu, chng bng mi cch khng kt qu th thua vn c. Phn ny ni r hn v mc ch ti hu ca vn u, k c nhng trng hp thng, thua v ho c. 1. Bc thm i trc, i sau Khi bt u chi vn c, ngi cm qun Trng (Trng) i trc, ngi cm qun en (en) i sau. Mun c cm qun Trng th phi bc thm. Nu u mt vn th bc

thm mt vn, cn u hai vn hoc nhiu vn th ch bc thm vn u, cc vn sau c thay phin nhau i trc i sau cho cng bng. Th nhng cn bit r: Thi u vng trn th c mt bn qui nh sn c cng b trc khi bc thm chn s th t, ch cn c vo thc hin. Cn u theo h Thu S th mi vng u u phi bc thm nhng do cn c vo tng nhm im nn c khi bc thm cho hp l ch theo nhm im th cc cp u gn nh qui nh sn. 2. Chm qun no phi i qun y Khi tay u th chm vo qun c th c coi l chm qun, khng cn bit qun c thuc bn no. By gi c bn trng hp xy ra v c nh thnh qui tc nh sau: a. Trng hp chm vo qun ca mnh Chng ta xem hnh di hiu r vn .

Khi tay u th chm vo qun ca chnh mnh, h chm vo qun no th phi i qun . Chng hn bn Trng chm vo qun Tng, th d b mt Xe cng phi i. Nhng ri phi chm vo qun S th sao? V S khng th di ng c. Nu chm S trong trng hp ny th cho php i qun khc v b ghi phm li k thut. Nu ri chm vo hai qun ca mnh th sao? Chng hn th c trn, bn Trng chm vo M ri chm vo Xe? Trng hp ny buc phi i qun no b chm trc, tc l phi i M ch khng c i Xe d i M th b mt Xe. b. Trng hp chm vo qun i phng Nu chm qun c no ca i phng th phi n qun . Trng hp khng c qun c no ca mnh n c qun th mi c i nc khc v b ghi phm li

k thut. Xem hnh di. Nu Trng chm vo qun Tng gia ca en th bt buc phi dng Xe n qun Tng ny, d n nh vy s mt Xe cng phi chu. Cn nu chm vo S ca i phng? V Trng khng c qun no n S c nn cho php i qun ca mnh.

Nu chm vo 2 qun ca i phng th sao? Th phi n qun no chm trc. Nh hnh trn, Trng chm M en ri chm vo Xe en th buc phi dng Pho n M en, d i nh vy th Xe en s chiu Tng v chy thot cng phi chu. c. Trng hp chm vo qun mnh trc ri chm vo qun i phng sau

u tin buc phi dng qun ca mnh chm n qun ca i phng b chm. Nu qun mnh chm khng n c qun i phng b chm theo ng lut th phi i qun mnh chm. Nu qun mnh chm khng i c theo lut th phi n qun b chm ca i phng bng mt qun khc ca mnh. Trng hp khng c qun no ca mnh n c qun b chm ca i phng th mi c i qun khc nhng b ghi phm li k thut.

Xem th c di. Nu bn Trng chm vo M ca mnh ri chm vo Tng gia ca en th bt buc M phi n Tng. Nhng nu Trng chm vo M ca mnh ri chm vo S gia ca i phng th r rng M khng n S c nn cho i M v ghi li k thut. Nu Trng chm vo Tng ca mnh ri chm vo Xe en th r rng i Tng khng c, n Xe cng khng c th phi cho i qun khc v ghi li k thut.

d. Trng hp chm qun i phng trc ri chm qun mnh sau

Qun mnh chm phi n qun i phng b chm. Qun mnh chm khng n c qun i phng b chm, th phi n bng mt qun khc. Nu khng c qun no n c th phi i qun mnh chm. Nu qun mnh chm khng i c th mi cho i qun khc nhng b ghi li k thut.

r hn ta xem hnh di. Nu by gi Trng chm Tt 5 ca en ri chm qun M ca mnh th bt buc M Trng phi n Tt u. Cn nu Trng chm Tt bin en ri mi chm M Trng th M Trng khng n Tt bin c, bt buc Xe Trng phi n Tt, d s b M en n li. Nu nh Trng chm M ca mnh ri chm M i phng th r l M Trng khng n c M en v cng khng c qun Trng no n c M en th bt buc Trng phi i con M ca mnh. Trng hp cui cng l bn Trng chm Tng en ri chm vo Pho ca mnh, th r l Pho Trng khng n c Tng m cng chng c qun Trng no n c Tng. th, Pho Trng khng di ng c, nh vy phi cho Trng i qun khc ri ghi li k thut.

3. Qun i, khng c i li v tr

Qun t xung, chm bn c th d cha bung tay ra cng khng c thay i v tr khc. r l t xung cha, ngi ta buc khi i qun phi nhc qun c ln cao, khng c ko r trn bn c. Ta xem hnh di.

Trng cm Xe tn 4, t Xe chm v tr mi nhng cha bung tay ra. Cht thy Xe b M n nn ko li li mt nc. Nh vy l vi phm, buc Trng phi t Xe v tr nn M n. (Nhiu ngi t qui nh l bung tay ra mi hon thnh nc i. iu ny hon ton tri vi quy tc chi c, cn bc b). 4. Nhng iu c thc hin v nhng iu phm lut a. Bt k tnh hung no, chiu mi s b x thua b. Cc trng hp: Do chiu b mi; mt chiu mt hm b; mt chiu mt bt qun; mt chiu mt dng; mt chiu mt i rt n qun; mt bt mt hm chiu rt qun; nu hai bn khng thay i nc i th x ho. c. Mt qun ui bt mi mt qun th b x thua (nhng c quyn ui bt mi Tt cha qua h). Hai qun hoc nhiu qun ui mi mt qun th cng b x thua (nhng Tng v Tt th c quyn ui bt mi 1 qun). d. Mt qun ln lt ui mi hai hoc nhiu qun th x ho; hai qun thay nhau ui bt hai hoc nhiu qun cng x ho. e. Mt bn hai ln bt mt qun, mt bn chy nhng c 1 ln bt li, th bn hai ln bt phi thay i nc (v coi nh ui bt mi) nu khng s b x thua. f. ui bt mi qun c cn tht th x ho, ui mi qun c cn gi th b x thua. Nhng M hoc Pho nu ui mi Xe c cn cng khng c (v gi tr nh hn nhiu). Nu khng thay i nc cng b x thua. g. ui bt mi qun cng loi th x ho (coi nh i) nhng nu qun b ui bt b ghim khng th di chuyn c i th coi nh ui bt mi, nu khng i nc s x thua. Tuy nhin con M linh hot ui bt mi con M b cn th coi l ui bt mi, nu khng i nc, x thua. h. ui bt hai ln nhng nu trong c mt ln thc cht l i i qun m i phng khng chu th vn coi l ui bt mi. Bn ui bt mi phi i nc, nu khng s x thua. i. Cc nc cn mi, th qun mi (t cho i phng n) i i mi, do mi nc chiu rt n qun u cho php. Hai bn khng thay i nc i u x ho. Quch Anh T, L Thin V

C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 3 - Nhng th c minh ho (2) Nhng th c minh ho Vn 1

1.X2.1 Tg.1 2.X2/2 Tg/1 3.X2.1 Tg.1 4.X2/1 Tg/1 Trng phi thay i nc i d b cht Xe. Vn 2

1.X4.1 Tg.1 2.X5-6 Tg-5 3.X6-5 Tg-4 4.X4/1 Tg/1 5.X4.1 ...

Trng khng thay i nc i b x thua, v khng th chiu mi cu ho. Vn 3

1.P3-1 X9-8 2.P1-2 X8-7 3.P2-3 X7-9 4.P3-1 X9-8 Xe en hm chiu b mi, cn Pho Trng cn mi. Hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Vn 4

1.X6-4 Tg-5 2.X4-2 Tg-6 3.X2-4 Tg-5 4.X4-6 Tg-6 5.X6-4 Tg-5 6.X4-3 ...

Trng i mt chiu, mt hm b, en ch cn mt cch phi chy Tng. Nu hai bn khng thay i nc i, x ho. Vn 5

1.X2.9 Tg.1 2.X2/2 P9.1 3.X2.1 Tg/1 4.X2/2 P9/1 5.X2.3 Tg.1 6.X2/2 P9.1 Xe Trng mt chiu, mt bt Pho. Nu hai bn khng thay i nc, x ho. Vn 6

1.X7.1 S5/4 2.X7/1 S4.5 3.X7.1 S5/4

4.X7/1 S4.5 5.X7.1 ... Trng i mt chiu, mt dng l hp l. Hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Vn 7

1.X2.9 Tg.1 2.X2/3 Tg/1 3.X2.3 Tg.1 4.X2/5 Tg/1 5.X2.5 Tg.1 6.X2/6 Tg/1 Xe Trng 1 chiu 1 hm chiu rt n qun. Hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Vn 8

1.X8-7 M3.1 2.X7-2 P7-8 3.X2-9 M1/3

4.X9-3 P8-7 5.X3-7 ... Xe Trng mt bt, mt hm chiu rt n qun, hp l. Nu hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Vn 9

1.B2-1 P9-8 2.B1-2 P8-9 3.B2-1 P9-8 4.B1-2 ... Tt Trng bt mi Pho en khng phm lut. Hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Vn 10

1.P2-1 X9-8 2.P1-9 X1-2 3.P9-2 X8-9

4.P2-8 X2-1 5.P8-1 ... Pho Trng c quyn lun phin ui bt hai Xe. Nu khng i nc, x ho. Vn 11

1.P4.1 X2/3 2.P2/1 X4/4 3.P4.2 X4.2 4.P2.2 X4.2 5.P5.3 X2.3 6.P4/4 X4/4 7.P2/3 X2/3 8.P4.4 X4.4 9.P2.3 ... Hai Pho Trng c quyn ui bt hai Xe en. Nu khng i nc, x ho. Vn 12

1.X7.2 M1.2 2.X7/1 M2/1 3.X7.1 M1.2

4.X7/1 M2/1 5.X7.1 M1.2 Xe Trng mt ln bt M en mt ln khng bt, cn M en c hai ln u bt xe. Nu en khng i nc b x thua. Vn 13

1.X2.2 P9.2 2.X2/2 P9.1 3.X2/1 P9/1 4.X2.1 P9/2 5.X2.2 ... Hai Xe Trng cng bt Pho en c cn tht. (Xe en bo v) l hp l. Nu hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Vn 14

1.X3/1 P6/2

2.X3.2 P6.2 3.X3/2 P6.2 4.X3/2 P6/2 5.X3.2 ... Xe Trng ui bt Pho en c cn gi l phm lut. Nu khng i nc, x Trng thua. Vn 15

1.P4.1 X3.2 2.P4/2 X3/1 3.P4.1 X3/1 4.P4.1 X3.2 5.P4.2 ... Mc d Xe en c cn tht nhng Pho Trng khng c trng trc cu ho. Nu Trng khng i nc, x thua. Vn 16

1.X8.2 X5.1 2.X2.5 X5.2 3.X8/3 X5/1 4.X8.1 X5/2 5.X2.1 ... Hai Xe Trng thay nhau ui bt Xe en b ghim l phm lut. Nu khng i nc, x Trng thua. Vn 17

1.X8-9 X1-2 2.X9-8 X2-3 3.X5-7 X3-1 4.X8-9 X1-2 5.X7-8 X2-3 Xe Trng bt mi Xe en (cng loi qun) thc cht l i i Xe, hp l. Hai bn khng i nc, x ho. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 3 - Chiu b l mc ch ti hu ca vn u (3)

II - Chiu b l mc ch ti hu ca vn u Vn u l cuc chin gia hai u th iu khin hai o qun trn bn c giao tranh nhau vi mc ch ti hu l phi chiu b Tng i phng. Mun t c mc ch ny khng n gin, v hai bn c lc lng ngang nhau. Do vic trc tin l phi tiu dit v tiu hao lc lng i phng, ri sau mi c kh nng tn cng chiu b Tng i phng. hiu r th no l Tng b chiu ht, chng ta xem xt mt trng hp c th sau y. Th nhng trc ht cn thng nht khi nim v thut ng "chiu b" hay "chiu ht". 1. Khi nim v "chiu b" y l mt thut ng hon ton do lng c Vit Nam t ra trn c s tham kho thut ng ca Trung Quc. Thut ng "chiu b" dng ch tnh trng khi mt bn "chiu Tng" cn mt bn "b chiu" m Tng khng c ch no n np, cng khng c qun no cu vin. l Tng b "chiu b". Ngi Trung Quc th gi l "Tng b st hi" hay ngn gn hn l "Tng cht". Ta xem hnh:

Nu Trng i trc: 1.X4-5 (chiu b). Nu en i trc: 1...B5.1 hoc 1...B5-4 hay 1...M3.2 c my cch u chiu b. 2. Vn c thua Vn c kt thc lun din ra hai tnh hung: thng - thua v ho. H bn ny thng th bn kia thua, cn hai bn khng ai thng, thua l vn c ho. Phn trn va nu v khi nim "chiu b" v qui c: bn no Tng b chiu b th bn thua cuc. Th nhng vn c thua khng phi ch do b chiu b. Sau y chng ta ni r hn v vn c thua, minh ho li nhng qui nh c bn chng mt. a. Vn c thua do b chiu b

Th c trn minh ho r trng hp ny: Trng hoc en i trc s chiu b Tng i phng. Chng sau chng ta s hc nhng kiu chiu b in hnh do s hp lc gia cc qun tn cng vo Tng i phng. b. Vn c thua v Tng b l mt Cn c vo lut i qun th hai Tng khng c nhn thy mt nhau (khng c l mt Tng). Nh vy khi bn b chiu m Tng vi phm th b x thua. Hnh bn cho thy: Nu Trng i 1.X5-6 th Tng en chy vo l gia nhn thy Tng Trng. Do bn en b x thua ngay.

c. Vn c thua v "kt nc" hay b nc Trng hp ny Tng khng b chiu nhng tt c cc qun u khng c qun no thc hin c nc i ng lut. Tnh trng ny thut ng Trung Quc gi l "khn b" hay l cht nght. Nh hnh: Sau khi Trng i 1.Tg.1 th cc qun en nght cng khng i c. en b x thua.

d. Vn c thua do bn yu km t nguyn C nhiu vn c khi cha kt thc nhng mt bn ch ng tuyn b chu thua. C th nu cc trng hp sau y: Khi i phng ng qun hn cn bn mnh yu km khng th chng c na. Nh th c hnh di: en chng na cng v ch. Trng hn mt Pho khng ch trung l, nhy M qua phi hp lm thua d thi. en u hng.

Khi i phng nhiu Tt hn m bn mnh khng c kh nng phn n, chng ch l tuyt vng thi. Nh th c di, Trng hn 3 Tt m bo s trn sang c 3. en chu thua sm cho ko di thi gian.

Khi i phng thng th qu ln m bo s lm thua trong 2 - 3 nc.

Nh th c di: Trng chi M3.2 ri phi hp vi Pho chiu b trong 2 nc. en lm vo th tuyt st, khng cn i phng phi ra tay, bung c nhn thua l lch s.

Khi i phng a n mt tnh th m ai cng cng nhn l thng. Chng hn th c di: Trng cn 1 Xe 1 Tt phi thng i phng 1 Xe 1 S. iu ny coi nh ai cng cng nhn, en chu thua ngay.

Ngoi ra cc vn c thua do phm lut, do li k thut hoc li tc phong hay i qu tr... u b trng ti x l theo iu l gii. 3. Vn c ho y l trng hp vn c kt thc m khng c ngi thng, k thua ging nh trn u bng , hai bn gi c t s 0-0. Thc ra vn c ho din ra cng nhiu dng. a. Ho c v khng bn no sc chin thng Tnh trng ny lc lng hai bn u c hn, khng qun chin thng i phng. Tt nht l nn ngng vn c v ng ho. Nh vn c di: Trng hn mt Pho nhng khng c qun no khc lm ngi chiu Tng, v vy Trng phi ng ho.

b. Ho c v hai bn a n th c ho in hnh:

Tnh trng ny hai bn to thnh th c m trong lng c ai cng tha nhn l ho. Do nn chp nhn ho l hp l. Chng hn th c di:

Trng i trc. 1.X5-2 Tg/1 2.X2.4 Tg.1 3.Tg.1 M3.1 4.X2/1 M1/3 Th c ny tuy Trng u th, nhng en c n 4 con hp thnh mt h thng phng ng hon chnh khin Trng khng uy hip c. Th c ny lng c u nhn nhn Trng khng thng c, v vy hai bn ng ho. c. Ho c do mt bn ngh mt bn ng Trng hp ny hai bn to ra mt th cn bng, nu chi gii vn c th thng, thua. Th nhng th trn hai bn u vng chc, khng c s h g khai thc. Nu mt bn ngh ho vi i phng ng th vn c c x ho. Nh th c di, hai bn ch s h ca i phng tn cng, nhng chng bn no c c hi tn cng. Nu nh en hoc Trng ngh ho v i phng ng th xem l ho c. d. Ho c l do hai bn cng phm k l hoc cc nc c lp i lp li Nu nh hai bn cng phm mt iu trong k l hoc c hai lp i lp li cc nc hp l nhng khng chu thay i nc i khc th trng ti c quyn x ho, chng cn hi kin ca u th no. Quch Anh T, L Thin V

C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng 3 - Bi tp Bi tp chng 3 Hy cho bit bn Trng s thng, ho hay thua c? Bn Trng phi i nh th no t c nh vy? Bi tp 1: Vn c:

Bi tp 2: Vn c:

Bi tp 3: Vn c:

Bi tp 4: Vn c:

Bi tp 5: Vn c:

Bi tp 6: Vn c:

Bi tp 7: Vn c:

Bi tp 8: Vn c:

Bi tp 9: Vn c:

Bi tp 10: Vn c:

Bi tp 11: Vn c:

Bi tp 12: Vn c:

Quch Anh T, L Thin V

C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - Tng Chng ta bit mc ch ti hu ca vn c l chiu b Tng i phng. Mun lm c vic trc ht phi bit r c im, thc lc v cch s dng tng loi qun trn bn c. V c hiu r v bit cch s dng chng th mi pht huy y tc

dng ca chng khi giao u. i vi nhng ngi mi hc cn phi hiu r c im, tnh nng v tc dng ca 7 loi binh chng khc nhau trn bn c. Chi c th ai cng bit i qun, nhng ngi cao c vi thp c khc nhau s hiu bit tnh nng, tc dng v cch s dng cc loi binh chng. V vy ngi mi hc cn thm nhun ni dung cc c im, thc lc v cch s dng ny th mi c th tin xa c. Chng ta ln lt tm hiu. I. c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun Tng c im Tng hoc soi l qun c ch cht nht, l tiu ch quyt nh thng thua. Tng hoc soi khng c quyn ri khi "cung tng", khng c quyn nhn thy mt nhau trn mt trc l. Tt c cc qun khc trn bn c u c th cho qun i phng n mt, hoc ch ng t cho qun i phng n (hy sinh). Nhng i vi Tng th khng th c. Tt c cc qun khc, hai bn ua nhau tiu dit, l cng c hay bin php ginh u th, nhng i vi Tng th l mc tiu ginh thng li cui cng. Thc lc Cn c vo ton cc vn u m ni th Tng (Soi) l qun quan trng nht khng th i phng n mt. Nh vy Thc lc ca n rt ln, v mt n th thua vn c. Th nhng trong thc t th nng lc chin u ca Tng khng ng k, n ng trong "cung Tng" l ni chu nhiu "ng tn, mi n", n hnh ng chm chp v ti a ch khng ch c 4 im. Do khi giai on khai, trung cuc, Thc lc ca Tng khng bng mt con Tt qua sng. Ch khi vo giai on tn cuc th Tng c th khng ch mt trc l, Thc lc tc chin ca n tng cao, c khi bng c mt Xe. Cch s dng Trong ton b vn u, qua cc giai on Tng phi gi nguyn tc l "ng yn v" hay gi l tnh, tr khi bt buc phi ng th mi di chuyn. Th nhng thng thng trong giai on khai cuc th ngi ta Tng tnh, cn khi qua giai on trung, tn, tu tnh hnh v yu cu c th m Tng phi di ng h tr tn cng hay phi hp cng cc binh chng khc tn cng. Chng hn th c di, Tng khng ch mt trc l Vn c:

1. Tg5-4! Tg5-4 Tng Trng ch ng xut ra chim l 4 khin Tng en khng cn di chuyn ra l ny c na. Tng Trng hn ch hot ng ca Tng en l mt yu t quyt nh thng li. 2. B7.1 S5.6 4. M7/5 S6/5 6. M3.1 T3/5 8. M2.1 S5.6 10. B6-5 3. B7-6 Tg4-5 5. M5/3 T5.7 7. M1.2 T5.3 9. M1/3 Tg5-6

Binh Trng nh s gip ca Tng mnh nghim nhin chim ly trung cung ri dng M chiu b d dng. Ta xem tip th c di: dng Tng ghim qun! Vn c:

1. Tg5-6 Tg4.1 3. M7/9 Tg4/1 5. M9/7 B6-5 thng.

2.B5.1 B6-5 4.B5.1 B5-6 6.M7.8

Vn c cui cng cho thy Trng m S, Tng km hai Binh. Th m nh vai tr tch cc ca Tng cu Trng thot khi mt bn thua trng thy. Vn c:

1. Tg4.1 P4.1 3. Tg4-5 P4/1 5. Tg5/1 Ho.

2. Tg4/1 B9.1 4. Tg5.1 P4.1

Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - Xe Xe c im Xe l qun ch lc s mt. Sc c ng ca n rt ln, di ng rt nhanh, khng ch phm vi hot ng rt rng, c th cng, th. Nhn ton cc th chnh Xe l qun t chc cng th nhanh chng nht, nhng vai tr chnh ca Xe l lc lng trung kin dng chin u.

Thc lc Ni Xe l qun ch lc s mt v uy lc ca n mnh nht. Trong cc giai on khai cuc v trung cuc, cc Xe lun lun l qun ch lc tc chin. Cn giai on tn cuc, hai bn tn tht nhiu qun, chin trng trng vng khin Xe cng d pht huy nng lc. Do Thc lc ca Xe cng ni r. Ngi ta nh gi Thc lc bng cu: "Nht xa st vn". Cch s dng Trong giai on khai cuc nn ra Xe tht sm chim ly l thng. Lng c c cu "ba nc khng ra Xe, nht quyt phi thua c" khng nh ra Xe sm l iu trng yu. Lc m t tn cng Xe nn tin xung hng tuyn Tt hoc 2 trc l cho d phi hp vi cc qun khc tin ln. Khi phng th th Xe nn t trn h hoc hng tuyn Tt ngn cn cc qun i phng vt qua tip cn trung Tng. Nu i phng khuyt S th ch d dng chp nhn i Xe, ng thi phi hp Xe, M, Tt tn cng. Nh i phng khuyt Tng th Xe phi hp cng Pho, Tt tc chin. Cn i phng bn S Tng th Xe phi hp Pho, M, Tt uy hip rt hiu qu. C tn, ti k Xe nhng ch kt, nn nhng ch thng thong d i ph 4 phng 8 hng. Chng ta xem cc th c sau. Th c mt Xe ph i phng cn bn S, Tng. y l trng hp "xe cng kin ph ch". Vn c:

1.S4.5 Tg5-6

2.S5.6 Tg6.1

Bt buc. Nu 2...Tg6-5 th 3.Tg5-4 khin en phi i Tng bin v Xe n Tng h. 3.X5-4 S5.6 4. Tg5-4 S4.5 5.X4-2 S5.4 6. X2.2 S4/5 7.X2.1 Tg6/1 8. X2-5

Trng thng r. Th c tip theo, Xe chiu Tng n qun. Vn c:

1.X3.5 Tg5.1 2.X3/1 Tg5/1 3.X3-8 n Xe thng. Cng th c ny, nu en i trc th: Vn c:

1. ... X2.8 2. Tg5.1 X2/1 3. Tg5/1 X2-1 n M, cui cng en cng thng. Th th 3, Xe ym tr iu qun di chuyn. Vn c:

1. M4.6 X1/5 2. M6.8 X1-2 3. X6.6 X6-5 4. Tg5-6 Trng thng th. Sau qua Tt phi hp d chin thng. Th th 4, Xe phng th y li qun ch. Hin ti M en ngo to rt nguy him, nu Xe en tn 3 th Trng b ng kh . Th nhng Trng c th phng th bng cch: Vn c:

1. X7-3 M7/8 2. X3/1 M8/7 3. X3.1 hai bn cn bng. l nh Xe Trng nh ui M d en phi thoi lui. Quch Anh T, L Thin V

C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - Pho Pho c im Pho hnh ng rt nhanh, gii cng ln th. Do bt qun phi c ngi nn cng v c tn, kh nng tn cng ca Pho gim dn. Thc lc Trn bn c, Pho khng ch ti a l 15 im. V n qun phi c ngi nn sc mnh ca Pho km hn Xe. So vi M th ngang nhau v u ln khuyt im. Khi khai cuc, Pho hot ng mau l, cn M hnh ng chm chp li hn ch mt khu vc nht nh. Trong khi Pho c th di chuyn khp chin trng. Vi gic ny th Pho r rng u th hn M. n giai on c tn, cc qun gim bt, M xng xo di chuyn thun li, cn Pho b thiu mt nhiu ngi. n lc ny th r rng M mnh hn Pho. Cch s dng Pho nn nh tm xa nhng khng nn tn cng vi. Ni chung khng nn dng Pho i M. Lc giai on khai cuc v trung cuc, Pho c th uy hip S, Tng

i phng, ym tr cho cc qun khc tn cng. Nu i phng khuyt Tng cng thun li cho Pho tn cng v lc ny ch nn i Pho. Trong giai on c tn, Pho nn mau chng lui v trn a ca mnh dng S, Tng lm ngi, cng th lng li. Tc ng c cu: "C tn, Pho v lng" l mun khuyn ta thc hin kiu chi trn. By gi chng ta xem 4 th c sau. Th 1, dng Pho khng ch S, Tng. Vn c:

1.P9-5! Pho Trng vo u, khng ch S, Tng en trung , to iu kin Xe, M Trng tn cng. Cng th c ny, nu en i trc th: Vn c:

1... P2.5! en nh Pho gic, khng ch S, Tng Trng, khin Tng Trng u Xe b uy hip. Th 2, bt Xe hn qun. Vn c:

1. B7.1 B3.1? 2. M6.7 X1-3? 3. P5-7! Trng dng Pho bt cht Xe en. y l n tn cng xuyn to rt li hi ca Pho, tc l Pho tn cng Xe. Tng hm chiu b, buc en phi mt Xe khi thua ngay. Th 3, Pho phi hp vi Tt v S bt cht Xe. Vn c:

1. B5.1 Tg5/1 2. B5.1 Tg5.1 3. P8-5 Tg5-4 4. P5-6 X4/2 5. Tg4.1 Tg4/1 6. P6.7 Trng n Xe en. Th 4, dng Pho th vng, ho. Vn c:

1. P7-5 Tg6.1 2. Tg6.1 B7-6 3. S5.4 B6.1 4. P5-8 Tg6-5 5. P8.2 ho. Trng dng S v Tng lm ngi ngn cn cc Tt sp li gn tn cng, nh vn c ho.

Quch Anh T, L Thin V

C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - M M c im M c li i khc hn cc qun, nhy theo ng cho ca hnh ch nht. Cng ra gn cc ng bin, M cng b hn ch hot ng, cn nhy vo vng trung tm bn c, M cng khng ch nhiu im. V di chuyn gn v b cn nn M l binh chng nh tm ngn, tnh c ng khng bng Pho, c xp l qun ch lc th ba ng sau Xe v Pho. Thc lc Nh nu trn, M ng vng trung tm bn c c th khng ch ti a c 8 im, do vy c cu: "M nhy 8 hng". Nu n cng ra bin th im khng ch ca n gim dn, t 6 im xung 4 dim, 3 im ri 2 im. Nhn chung, sc mnh ca M hi km hn Pho, nhng giai on c tn M thng mnh hn Pho. Cch s dng Do v tr ng vng bin v vng trung tm m M c sc khng ch khc nhau nn khi i M nn a n vo vng trung tm v hn ch nhy ra bin. Lc giai on khai cuc v trung cuc, M i li chm chp v b cn tr nn mun tn cng th dng Xe i tin phong, Pho i ym tr, cn M nn lin hon bo v nhau v phng i phng nh tr. Trong giai on c tn, cc qun cn tr gim i khin M thm linh hot. Chng ta xem cc th c sau. Th 1, M ngo to, chiu Tng bt Xe. Vn c:

1. B5.1 B7.1 2. X4-3 M8.6 3. X3.2 M6.4 4. S6.5 M4.3 5. Tg5-6 Mt.1 Bn en sau khi b Pho, s dng M thin l nhy xung tn cng, chiu Tng n li Xe Trng. Th 2, M nhy lin thnh dit gic. Vn c:

1. M2/4 P2/5 2. M4.6 P2-4 3. M6/8 P4.1 en lun tm c hi a Tng u thot khi M nhng v ch. 4. M8.7 P4/1 5. M7/6 P4.1 6. M6.4 , thng.

y tuy l mt vn c th nhng th hin r vic chuyn M sang hai cnh, oai trn 8 hng. T y c th rt bi hc dng M rt tuyt. Th 3, M nht Tng trong th ch in. Vn c:

1.B6.1! Tg5-4 2. M6.4 Trng thng r. Th c ny Trng t qun, khng th chin u lu di. Nhn thi c cho php Trng dng Tt i S, M nhy vo th ch in nht Tng ch ri dng Binh chiu b. Th 4, n k M cu cha. Vn c:

1. M7.8! P3.1 2. M8/7! P3/1 3. M7.8 ho. Th ny Trng lm nguy, nhng nh M khng ch c cc im t Pho nh b nn cui cng en phi chu ho. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - Tt Tt (binh) c im Tt l qun xung kch ch c tin ch khng c li, chim s lng ng nht trn bn c. Nng lc r l yu km nhng tinh thn hy sinh liu cht th cao hn tt c, ht con ny n con khc nho qua t i phng. Do nng lc hn ch nn gi tr ca chng cng thp nhng vi tinh thn hy sinh cao nn kh nng ph hoi ca n cng cao, nh nhiu vn c thng bi u c s gp phn tch cc ca n. Thc lc Khi Tt cha qua h, n ch khng ch c 1 im trc mt, khi Tt qua h th c th khng ch 3 im. Nh vy Thc lc ca Tt qua h c s thay i gi tr v tu v tr bin ho ra sao m thc lc ca n cng thay i theo. Thng thng Tt qua h c gi tr ngang 1 S hoc 1 Tng. Cch s dng Mi bn c 5 Tt (Binh) c v tr ng khng ging nhau nn ng gi vai tr cng khc nhau. Trong giai on khai cuc, cc Tt 3, 7 nn sm tin ln cho M linh hot, khng ch M i phng, cn Tt 1, 9 th ch nn tin ln khi i phng nhy M ln bin. Tt u rt quan trng, nu phi hp vi Pho u th mi nn tin ln, bng khng th c nguyn v nn bo v k n phi hp cng S, Tng hnh thnh h thng phng th rt mnh. Sang giai on trung cuc v tn cuc, nu lc lng cc qun mnh bng nhau th bn no c nhiu Tt hn s c nhiu c may chin thng. Tt qua h nn tng cng bo v, nu mun tin xung su th cng phi thn trng v c th i phng s quyt tm vy bt cht. V nu xung su th nn nhanh chng a Tt "cp c" l 4 hoc 6. Cng c th a Tt n trung l e do Tng u ca i phng. Nu c Xe, Pho phi hp th Tt i Tng u, nu c Xe, M phi hp th Tt nn nh m S. Sau y chng ta xem xt mt s bi hc v cch s dng Tt. Th 1: Mt Tt xung bt Tng. Vn c:

1. B5.1 S5/4 2. B5-4 Tg5-6 3. Tg5-4 S4.5 4. B4.1 Tg6-5 5. Tg4-5 S5.6 6. Tg5-6 S6/5 Trng a Tng chim l 6, Tt chim l 4 khin Tng en b kt l gia. 7. S5.4 S5/6 8.Tg6.1 S6.5 9. Tg6-5 Tg5-4 10. B4-5 thng. Th 2: Ph Tng th thng. Vn c:

1. B5.1! T3.5 2. P9.7 T5/3 3. X3-7 Trng ph Tng u th thng.

Th 3: Ph S nhp cuc. Vn c:

1. B4-5! S6.4 Trng dng Tt ph S lm suy yu th phng th Xe, M pht huy th uy hip. 2. X2.5 S5/6 3. Tg5-4! Tg5-4

Nu 3...P1-6 th 4. M5.3 hm b, en xut Tng mt Pho. 4. M5.7 P1-3 5. X2-4 Tg4.1 6. X4-7 thng. Th 4: Lin Binh th ho. Vn c:

1. X2.2 B6-5! 3. Tg5-6 Bt-4! Ho.

2. Tg4-5 Tg5-4

Tu v tr Tng en ng cnh no m Tt tin di chuyn hp l, khng Xe chiu Tng n Tt. Th c bt buc ho. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - S S c im S cng l mt binh chng phng th, phi hp cng Tng v Tt u che chn cho Tng. S khng c ra khi cung Tng nn phm vi hot ng ca n rt hn hp. Tuy nhin nhim v chnh ca n l che chn bo v tch cc cho Tng nn s tn vong ca S lin quan trc tip n s an nguy ca Tng. Thc lc Khi S gia cung n khng ch c 4 im 4 gc cung, cn n bt c gc no th ch khng ch 1 im m thi. So vi Tng th S khng c tm hot ng xa, th nhng khuyt Tng khng s song Xe, ch khuyt S th rt ng s, v tc ng c cu: "khuyt S k song Xe". Nhn chung thc lc ca S cng tng ng vi Tng. Cch s dng Cng ging nh Tng trong qu trnh chin u, S nn tnh, khng nn ng. ng dng vi Tng, S che chn cho Tng lc lm nguy, cn ng M ch, lm ngi

Pho mnh. Khi phng th, phi hp cng Tng chng Xe ch hoc phng Pho tn cng, hnh thnh "hoa S, Tng" hoc thnh "thun S, Tng", phng M tn cng th nn "ging S gic". Sau y chng ta xem mt s th c: Th 1: Chn M l Tng tranh thng. Vn c:

1. S5.4 X7-4 2. X5.5 Tg4.1 3. B7.1 Tg4.1 4. X5/2 thng. Th 2: Che ch bo v Tng mnh. Vn c:

1.P1-5 S6.5

S, Tng bo v Tng en ln u cng bn nh vy gi l "thun S, Tng". Nu i thun S, Tng s v hiu ho Pho i phng khng cn chin u c na. By gi cng th c ny, nu en i. Vn c:

1... X1.3 2. S5/6 X1/3 3. S4.5 Ln Tng v S 2 cnh khc nhau nh vy gi l "nghch S, Tng" hay cng gi l "hoa S, Tng". Chi kiu ny ngn chn mi nc chiu ca Xe. Th 3: Dng S che di chuyn Tng. Vn c:

1. S4.5! B9.1 2. Tg4/1 B9-8 3. Tg4-5 B8-7 4. Tg5-6

thng. Nh S ln mt che Tng Trng t cnh mt chuyn sang cnh tri, h tr Tt chiu b, khng c S th vn c ho. Th 4: Lm ngi cho Pho tn cng xa. Vn c:

1. P9-6 S4/5 2. S5.6! S5.4 3. X5-6 thng. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV c im, thc lc v cch s dng cc qun, s phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - Tng Tng c im Tng thuc binh chng phng th, khng c quyn qua h. Tng c nhim v phi bo v cho Tng l ch yu. Lng c c cu: "Mt xe hoc Pho hoc M ch lm yu th c, cn mt Tng coi nh lm nguy". Nh vy Tng rt c vai tr quyt nh trong phng th. Thc lc Trn bn c, nu ng gia, Tng khng ch c ti a 4 im, nu khng b "che mt". Nh vy thc lc ca Tng rt hn ch, c th ch bng phn na sc

mnh ca M. Cch s dng V khng qua h c nn Tng khng th trc tip tham gia tn cng, tuy nhin n c th gip Pho lm ngi tn cng. Trng hp M i phng qua h, Tng c th gp phn ngn chn hoc hn ch tm hot ng, thm ch c th gp phn vy bt con M ny. Khi khai cuc, nu khng b bt buc th ng bao gi ln Tng bin (tin 1 hoc 9). Hai Tng lun lin hon, ch ng ng i ca Tng b cn, c bit phi cnh gic Pho i phng tn cng bt ng. Chng ta xem 4 vn c sau. Th 1: s dng Tng che mt Tng ginh thng li. Vn c:

1. T1/3 T1.3 3. Tg4-5 T1.3 5. B6.1 thng.

2. T3.5 T3/1 4. Tg5-6 T3/1

Th 2: Tng h tr Xe tranh tin. Vn c:

1. M9.8 X7-3 Trng u th r.

2. T5.7! S5.6

3. M8.7 Tg.1

Th 3: Tng tr cng khi i phng sai lm. Vn c:

1. B7.1 X7-3? 2. T5.7! X3-5 3. B5.1 X5-1 4. P7.7 Trng hn qun, d chin thng. Th 4: Ngn cn M i phng. Vn c:

1. X4-2 M2.3 2. T5.7! P6-7 Trng bay Tng cn M khin M en khng th tin xung dn cung Tng. Nu nh i li 2.X2/4 th B7.1 3.X2-3 X2.9 4.S5/6 M3.2, en c th phn cng. 3. T3.5 P7.4 4. B9.1 Th c cn bng. Quch Anh T, L Thin V C Tng Nhp Mn: Chng IV S phi hp tc chin gia cc qun - Song Xe phi hp II. S phi hp tc chin gia cc qun Hiu r c im, tnh nng v tc dng ca tng loi binh chng s dng pht huy tt vai tr ca chng. Th nhng trong vn c, cc qun thng lin kt phi hp tc chin nn cn hc tp nhng kiu phi hp ny. 1. Song Xe phi hp Song Xe phi hp uy lc mnh v cng. Nu i phng khuyt S th song Xe cng l r uy lc. Ta xem cc th c sau: Th 1: H khu hin Xe Vn c:

1. X3.4 Tg6/1 3. X4.1 X5-6 5. X4-6 Trng hn qun thng. Th 2: Tng Xa gii st Vn c:

2. X3-5 X5/1 4. X4.1 Tg6-5

1. Xt-6 Tg4-5 2. X7-5! X9.5 Trng i 2. X7-5 tng vng v nhng l mt nc c, quyt nh thng li. 3. T5/3 phn chiu, Trng thng.

Quch Anh T, L Thin V