Communication Research Center National …dsa.comm-center.ntu.edu.tw/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Y2...國立臺灣大學電信研究中心 Communication Research Center National Taiwan

國立臺灣大學電信研究中心Communication Research Center

National Taiwan University國立臺灣大學電信研究中心Communication Research Center

National Taiwan University

LTE服務透過授權來分享接取頻譜之促成技術與運作模式研究 (08/’15 ~05/’16)

Enabling Technologies and Operation Models for Licensed Shared Access by LTE Services (08/’15~05/’16)

張時中(Shi-Chung Chang)、蔡志宏(Zsehong Tsai)、魏學文(Shyue-Win Wei )、林風(Phone Lin)

周俊廷(Chun-Ting Chou)、林守德(Shou-De Lin)

王奕翔(I-Hsiang Wang)、林丁丙(Ding-Bing Lin)、蘇炫榮(Hsuan-Jung Su)

06/23/2016

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Licensed Shared Access (LSA)

• LSA: Emerging spectrum sharing approach for incumbents to share underutilized frequency band to LSA licensees through the authorization of regulator

2

Incumbent LSA Licensee

Information for LSA-based spectrum sharing

Repository

RegulatorLicense of spectrum

access right

Controller1. Sharing negotiation2. Sharing agreements



O1) to investigate DSS operation models, analyze sharing strategies of spectrum and radio access network, and develop decision tools for LSA by LTE services;

O2) to develop advanced spectrum sensing techniques and dynamically update spectrum map as an informational cornerstone of efficient control and management of next-generation sharing-based spectrum access;

O3) to design enabling dynamic spectrum sensing-based transmission and access technologies for LSA by LTE services; and

O4) to implement and test the technologies and designs above by exploiting self-developed USRP platform, and LTE small cell and EPC experiment platforms developed by III and/or ITRI.

Objectives (3 Years)3



O1) to investigate DSS operation models, analyze sharing strategies of spectrum and radio access network, and develop decision tools for LSA by LTE services;

O2) to develop advanced spectrum sensing techniques and dynamically update spectrum map as an informational cornerstone of efficient control and management of next-generation sharing-based spectrum access;

O3) to design enabling dynamic spectrum sensing-based transmission and access technologies for LSA by LTE services; and

O4) to implement and test the technologies and designs above by exploiting self-developed USRP platform, and LTE small cell and EPC experiment platforms developed by III and/or ITRI.

Y2 Status of the 3-Year Objectives4



Main Project: Enabling Technologies and Operation Models for Licensed Shared Access by LTE Services

Project and Team Organization

Subproject 1 : Operation Model Analysis and Mechanism Design for

Licensed Shared Access

1-1 : Operation Modeling and Incentive Mechanism Design for LSA(張時中)

1-2 : Business model and Operation Design for the LSA Repository(蔡志宏)

1-3: Evaluation of Co-RAN Technology for LSA networks (魏學文)

1-4: Multi-Strategy Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks (林風)

Subproject 2: Integrated Spectrum Sensing and

Identification of White Space for Spectrum Sensing

2-1: Sensing and Identification of White Space for Spectrum Sensing (周俊廷)

2-2: Crowd Sourcing for Augmented Spectrum Map (林守德)

Subproject 3:Dynamic Spectrum Sensing-based Transmission and

Access Technologies for Licensed Shared Access

3-1 Sensing Delay and Inaccuracy Resilient Spectrum Sharing (王奕翔)

3.2 Transmission Technology of Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) and Carrier Aggregation for LSA(林丁丙)

3.3. Flexible and Autonomous Spectrum Sharing (蘇炫榮)

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第二年度計畫執行情形：展示系統 EXPOLSA V2.0建立與未來應用

NTU LSASpectrum Repository/GLDB

Incumbent

Internet

LSA Controller

Network Manager

Short Interval Secondary Auction Platform

Co-RAN Sharing Coordination

OFDM-sensing

Multi-Channel MAC (Hybrid/LSA)

USRP

III 5G DSS SDR PlatformUSRP-RIO

Delay-Sensing Resilient Spectrum Sharing

USRP

GFDM +Fair Spectrum Sharing

USRP

HTTPHTTPHTTP

SAPI

SAPI

III GeolocationDatabase

NTU Two-Tiered GeolocationDatabase

Experiment platform for LSA

research on

• Sensing- & crowdsourcing-

based spectrum database &

repository update

• Feature analysis and extraction

of sensor data from

heterogeneous networks

• Multi-level privacy and security

schema design

• Dynamic/short-interval

spectrum sharing under

LSA/LAA/License-exempt

modes, including spectrum and

radio resource allocation &

interference management in

network, MAC & PHY layers

Legend:

Main ProjectSubproject 1Subproject 2Subproject 3Co-work with SNSI,III

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第二年度重大成果與法人合作情形

1.實驗展示平台

2. 論文產出與人才培育

3. 與法人合作及產學合作

4. 產業效益

建構展示平台 EXPOLSA V2.0，整合各子計畫之資料庫、頻譜分配方法以及頻譜共享無線電，並界接資策會智通所開發之動態頻譜軟硬體平台。本展示平台可做為未來動態頻譜相關研究與發展之重要基礎。

於國際產業活動實機展示：104.11 「加速無線寬頻網路基礎建設國際研討會」、105.03「5G高峰會與下世代行動網路論壇」。本展示平台亦作為與國內3家網通設備公司洽談產學合作、與國際洽談歐盟H2020合作計畫等之具體基礎。

一篇期刊論文、三篇會議論文人才培育：碩士21人、博士3人

向資策會智通所採購「5G動態頻譜共享軟體無線電驗證平台」，並與其緊密合作，設計系統、開發界接介面，使該平台與頻譜資料庫得以與EXPOLSA V2.0相接。

派遣3名碩士生至資策會智通所實習，協助資策會深入掌握 NI LabView 軟體中LTE模組技術、深入探討Qualcomm與Nokia之LAA專利，以及探討RAN-Sharing與網路虛擬化的系統趨勢。

與台灣大哥大產學合作，將相關議題納入「後LTE-A世代之通訊技術研究」討論中。

參與「動態頻譜分享先導試驗群」，於105年3月30日拜會蔡玉玲政務委員，訴請政府推動前瞻通信技術創新所需之管理政策，以利建構頻譜分享研究實驗之友善環境，並促進相關科技研究與產業創新發展。

「5G高峰會與下世代行動網路論壇」後3案洽談中，以推廣動態頻譜管理與應用之概念，吸引網通設備公司參與5G先期研究。



附件一Progress Report: Main Project

LTE服務透過授權來分享接取頻譜之促成技術與運作模式研究

Enabling Technologies and Operation Models for Licensed Shared Access by LTE Services

9



Main Project: EXPOLSA v2.0

NTU LSASpectrum Repository/GLDB

Incumbent

Internet

LSA Controller

Network Manager

Short Interval Secondary Auction Platform

Co-RAN Sharing Coordination

OFDM-sensing

Multi-Channel MAC System

USRP

III 5G DSS SDR PlatformUSRP-RIO

Delay-Sensing Resilient Spectrum Sharing

USRP

GFDM +Fair Spectrum Sharing

USRP

HTTPHTTPHTTP

SAPI

SAPI

III GeolocationDatabase

NTU Two-Tiered GeolocationDatabase

Experiment platform for LSA

research on

• Feature analysis and extraction

of sensor data from

heterogeneous networks

• Sensing- & crowdsourcing-

based spectrum database &

repository update

• Multi-level privacy and security

schema design

• Dynamic/short-interval

spectrum sharing under

LSA/LAA/License-exempt

modes, including spectrum and

radio resource allocation &

interference management in

network, MAC & PHY layers

Legend:

Main ProjectSubproject 1Subproject 2Subproject 3Co-work with SNSI,III

10



DSA-PG.TW Pilot Trials over 4x6 MHz in 6oo-698 MHz UHF bands

Assessed of LSA/High Priority Channels over the UHF Bands

Demonstrated a real-time relay of meter readings through floors over the UHF Bands

Deployed a security/alarming system adopting DSA devices over UHF Bands in Li-Shan Elementary School, Neihu, Taipei

Collaboration via DSA-PG.TW

Smart Power Meter

802.11af TVWS Transceiver Prototype

Real-time Power Readings Display

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8/12/’15頻譜活化創新應用論壇

10/15/’15 加速無線寬頻基礎網路建設國際研討會:頻譜活化與實務專題

Joint Workshops12

http://www.iii.org.tw/m/News-more.aspx?id=1587

http://www.iii.org.tw/m/News-more.aspx?id=1587



03/15/’16 5G Summit Taipei

Joint Workshops

Media exposure

03/16/’16~03/17/’16 Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) Forum

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National Taiwan UniversityEfforts on International Collaboration

Goal: Research Exchange and Collaborations on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS)

• 9/29~10/2/’15 DySPAN 2015, Stockholm, Sweden

• NTU Attendees: Profs. Shi-Chung Chang, Dr. Wei-Shun Liao

• Special Topics: Dynamic Sepctrum Access: Technology and Policy

• 12/3~4/’15 Princeton University, Cisco, New Jersey, IBM Research, New York, USA

• NTU Visitors: Profs. Chun-Ting Chou and Phone Lin

• Special Topics: DSS for Next Generation Mobile Network

• 12/7/’15 Qualcomm, San Diego, USA

• NTU Visitors: Prof. Hsuan-Jun Su, Phone Lin

• Special Topics: LAA Sharing and LTE-U Sharing

• 04/08~22/’16 Microsoft research, Seattle, USA

• NTU Visitor: Prof. Shou-De Lin

• Special topics: Spectrum usage prediction with sensing techniques

• Expected: 07/18~07/21/’16 TNO, Den Haag, Netherland; TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany

• NTU Visitor: Profs. Shih-Chung Chang, Chun-Ting Chou, I-Hsiang Wang

• Seeking possible opportunities of international cooperation

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附件二Progress Report: Subproject 1

Operation Model Analysis and Mechanism Design for Licensed Shared Access

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Comparison of Existing Double Auctions

1.1 Double Auction Design for Short-interval and Heterogeneous Spectrum Sharing (TDAMH)

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Multiple Primary License Holders and Multiple Wireless Service Providers

spectrum heterogeneity in space,

frequency and bandwidth



• Two innovations

- Virtual bidding group (VBG) formation: spatially-separated WSPs bidding on one PLH’s spectrum unit excluding the lowest bidding WSP

- Problem decomposition to a few virtual blind auctions: one for each PLH

as a seller and the PLH’s bidding VBGs as buyers

P.17

Fig. 2. Flowchart of TDAMH

Flow Chart of TDAMH



Performance Evaluation of TDAMH

Achieves economic properties: Individual rationality, budget balance and truthfulness

Provides computation efficiency needed by short interval auction: Computation time less than 5 Seconds in test cases of up to 10 PLHs and 30 per case

Generates incentives of PLH participation: In average 28% higher revenue than reserve prices specified by PLHs

Increases spectrum reusability

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Year 3 Task Plan

Inclusion of substitutes and complement into TDAMH

Integrate with

- Risk valuation of interference

- Independent Service Sharing Coordinator for Spectrum and

RAN sharing

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Architecture Design

1.2 Business model and Operation Design for the LSA Repository

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The Coverage Database Demo System



• Problem: Attackers can obtain coverage map usage information by sending plenty of requests to database.

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Repository Security Issue Research : Inference Attack & Its Defense

Attacker 𝑅𝑒𝑠 = (Availabilityi)

𝑄𝑢𝑒 = (𝑆𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙𝐼𝐷𝑖 , 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦𝑖,𝐿𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑖)

Database

• Proposed solution: K-anonymitya method which generates k-1 fake datasets in the database

1.2 Business model and Operation Design for the LSA Repository



• The MNOs cooperate to share their small cell resources.

• The wireless network controller of each MNO controllersthe resource allocation on their small cells

221.3 Optimization algorithms for integrated spectrum and RAN sharing

Architecture of Resource Allocation by MNO Controllers

A Framework of Inter-operator Small Cell (ISSC) Sharing

ISSC provides:(1) Information collection and distribution among the MNOs(2) Coordinate the small cell resource usage between MNOs(3) Determine the price of the shared resource



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1.4 Unlicensed Spectrum Allocation for the Coexistence of LTE and Wi-Fi

LTE macrocell/LTE-U Small Cell Network Architecture

LTE-U/WiFiQueuing Model andState Transition Diagram

Theoretic Analysis and Simulation on Blocking Probabilities



附件三Progress Report: Subproject 2

Integrated Spectrum Sensing and Identification of White Space for Spectrum

Sensing

24

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System architecture for synchronization with the primary user

2.1 OFDM-based Smart Overlay Transmission for Spectrum Sharing

Key Achievement:• Secondary user continuously transmits data in cyclic prefix (CP) of primary users’ OFDM symbols

once synchronization is achieved by R(n) – the autocorrelation of received primary signals

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Timing Diagram for Synchronization

SU Pulses misalign with CPs

SU Pulses partially overlaps with CPs

SU Pulses fall within the time span of CPs



The manufacturer

of chipsetSiano SMS1140

Distancesynchronization

phase

data transmission

phase0M O O5M O O

10M O O15M O O20M O O25M O O

Experiment set up Experiment results(“O” deontes no perceivable interference)

26

Implementation and Performance Evaluation

PTS received signal power spectrum

PTS broadcast DVB-T signals at 545 MHz (6MHz)

2.1 OFDM-based Smart Overlay Transmission for Spectrum Sharing



附件四Progress Report: Subproject 3

Dynamic Spectrum Sensing-based Transmission and Access Technologies for

Licensed Shared Access

27

27



3.1 Sensing-Delay Resilient Spectrum Sharing Overview of Results

• Spectrum sharing among secondary users with different priorities• Our focus: Secondary users with dynamic access and short blocklength

• Key challenges: • Low-priority users (SU) cannot avoid high-priority users (ProU) in time

• Sensing delay and ProU blocklength are comparable: significant interference

• Highlights:• New schemes based on interference cancellation (extend to multi-user systems)

• Characterization of the fundamental limit at finite blocklength

• USRP architecture for ProU/SU to verify proposed schemes over-the-air

• Main Features of the Proposed Schemes: • ProU can achieve interference-free capacity (slight loss at finite blocklength)

• SU can utilize spectrum as if there is no sensing delay

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Baseline schemes Mechanisms

SnS SU stops and skips when ProU is sensed

SnC SU stops and compensates when ProU is sensed

Parameters Value

SU 𝑆𝑁𝑅𝑠 20𝑑𝐵

ProU𝑆𝑁𝑅𝑝 26𝑑𝐵

Error rate 10−6

Ratio of delay and block length

7%

AWGN Channel ProU/SU throughput of varying sensing delay and blocklenght, 𝐷

𝑁= 7%, 𝜖 = 10−6

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3.1 Sensing-Delay Resilient Spectrum Sharing Performance illustrations



ProU TX SU TXSU RX

ProU RX

Implementation:• Hardware: NI USRP 2932• Software: LabVIEW

System block diagram: Experiment setup:

Features:

• Simple ProU transmission scheme

• SU have no knowledge of ProU

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3.1 Sensing-Delay Resilient Spectrum Sharing Implementations (1/2)



System Parameters

Carrier frequency 2.4GHz

Sampling rate 1M

Modulation ProU: M-QAMSU: M-QAM

SUSUSU interferedInterfered

ProUProU TX

SU TXProU RX

Timesubtract interference

pilot payload

DQPSK QAM modulation

Packet structure (ProU, SU):3. SU Retransmission

Recovered ProU

2. ProU RX received interfered signals

1. TX send packet to RX

4. Interference subtraction

Experiment result: Interference free

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3.1 Sensing-Delay Resilient Spectrum Sharing Implementations (2/2)



323.2 An Implementation of GFDM System for Higher Spectral Efficiency

Transmitter Block Diagram

Receiver Block Diagram

GFDM Over-The-AirTransmission with USRP

Power Spectrum

Received Signal Constellation (BPSK)

Before Equalization After Equalization

Cyclic Shifted Subcarrier Permutation matrices



Wavelet Packet Division for Cognitive Radio: System Structure in GNU Radio

3.3 Flexible and Autonomous Spectrum Sharing

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Legacy Users(Incumbents)

Tx Side of CR Users(WSD/LSA Users) Rx Side of CR Users

(WSD/LSA Users)

Real-time Transmission of Asynchronous Signature Waveforms

MMSE UpdateAlgorithm

Freq-TimeTiling Algorithm

RxTx

TransmittedWaveforms

ReceivedWaveforms



Wavelet Packet Division for Cognitive Radio: System Structure in GNU Radio

3.3 Flexible and Autonomous Spectrum Sharing

34

Legacy Users(Incumbents)

Tx Side of CR Users(WSD/LSA Users) Rx Side of CR Users

(WSD/LSA Users)

Real-time Transmission of Asynchronous Signature Waveforms

MMSE UpdateAlgorithm

Freq-TimeTiling Algorithm

RxTx

TransmittedWaveforms

ReceivedWaveforms

Documents

Communication Research Center National …dsa.comm-center.ntu.edu.tw/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Y2...國立臺灣大學電信研究中心 Communication Research Center National Taiwan