Programme Districts

Mountain 6Hills 21Terai 12

Geographical Coverage

NEPAL–Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Programme

CDRMP Activities

NBC/RSLUPMainstreamingCRM/CBDRMREOCMEOCDEOCER

Far-Western

Mid-Western

Western

Central

Eastern

Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Programme (CDRMP)United Nations Development Programme

Empowered lives.Resilient nations.

Duration : January2011-December2015

Budget : USD16.55million

Fundedbudget : USD13.78million

Mainpartners : MinistryofHomeAffairs,MinistryofUrbanDevelopment,MinistryofFederalAffairsandLocalDevelopmentandNationalPlanningCommission

Otherpartners : SectoralMinistries,LocalGovernmentBodies,civilsociety,academicsandtheprivatesector

CurrentDonors : BCPR,DFID,ECHO,UNDP,WorldBank,andUNISDR

For more Information, Please contactComprehensiveDisasterRiskManagementProgramme(CDRMP)

UNDPAnnexIV,DEXProjectOffice,KamarichariSanchyakoshBuilding(4thfloor)Pulchowk,Lalitpur,Nepal.Tel+977-1-5010058/60/64

Fax:977-1-5010081Email:cdrmp.np@undp.orgwebsite:www.cdrmp.org.np

Disclaimers: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply o�cial endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

Photo: Nabin Baral

CDRMP has partnered with �ve of the municipalities in the Kathmandu Valley as well as with key government authorities such as the Kathmandu Valley Development Authority (KVDA) and Ministry of Federal A�airs and Local Development (MoFALD) to develop a valley-wide Risk Sensitive Land Use Plan. This is built on existing transport, housing, and infrastructure master plans as well as emergency response scenarios developed through the project. The aim is to ensure urban renewal is disaster resilient, and that this model can be easily replicated in the other rapidly urbanising areas of Nepal.

More than 40,000 people in eastern region of Nepal were badly a�ected by the September 2011 earthquake. A damage assessment report found that most of the buildings damaged in this earthquake did not adhere to the National Building Code. Many of these buildings followed inappropriate construction methods due to a lack of trained masons and engineers. The

programme is working closely with the Ministry of Urban

Development (MoUD) and Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC) to ‘build back better’ in the 12 a�ected districts. This

includes the reconstruction and retro�tting of 100

schools, community based disaster risk reduction activities

in 100 schools in 16 VDCs, training of more than 600 local masons and government engineers on earthquake resilient construction, and public awareness on earthquake safety. These activities are being implemented in collaboration of the

Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium (NRRC) Flagship 1 and the Ministry of

Education.

The programme has also partnered with Department of Hydrology and Meteorology

(DHM) to develop a road map for government systems to track climate information, monitor hydro-meter data, and to apply analysis to innovative early warning systems using appropriate and available technologies such as SMS, mobile, internet, and other technologies. It also looked to implement public private partnerships working with communities at the �eld-level, paying particular attention to women and members of excluded groups to design upstream-downstream early warning systems linked to community response at the VDC level and to DEOC and NEOC for better preparedness, response, and recovery.

The programme has also provided ‘last mile’ solutions for at risk-communities in 2011. In 2011, CRM pilot projects reduced �ood risk in 6 VDCs of Bara and Nawalparasi districts, saving around 900 hectares of agricultural land from inundation.

Photo: Edwin Koo

Prevention (DWIDP), District Development Committees (DDC) Village Development Committees (VDC) and local NGOs, who also contribute �nancial and technical support to the community level projects.

5. Emergency Preparedness and Response (EPR)It is not a question of if a major hazard event will strike Nepal, but when. As a result, the Government of Nepal must be prepared at both the national and district levels to e�ectively respond to disasters and bring communities back to normalcy as quickly as possible. This component helps the government to develop national and district disaster related plans, as well as establish and strengthen the network of Emergency Operation Centres across Nepal. Emergency Preparedness and Response also includes establishing and strengthening search and rescue teams from the Nepal Police, Armed Police Forces, Nepal Army, Red Cross volunteers and community volunteers. This component also aims to strengthen the capacity of emergency service providers including the Fire Services and urban search and rescue teams. The programme has a special emphasis on seismic hazard in the Kathmandu Valley and is working with �ve municipalities and a range of stakeholders to develop an earthquake emergency response plan for the Kathmandu Valley.

6. Early Recovery (ER)Immediately after a major disaster, the primary focus is on saving lives and providing immediate relief to those a�ected by the disaster. However, support to help communities recover as quickly as possible is also essential. This component also supports the government in developing a national strategy for Early Recovery and Kathmandu Valley Early Recovery plan. Under this component, systems will be established and capacities enhanced within the UN and the Government of Nepal for Early Recovery. It also aims to increase early recovery capacity through introducing tools and mechanisms

that will include early recovery into the humanitarian and development agenda. These approaches are being tested at the �eld level through pilot interventions to complement the Government’s early recovery e�orts in the wake of the September 2011 earthquake. CDRMP, in close partnership with MoUD/DUDBC and municipalities, is providing earthquake resistant building construction techniques to engineers and masons.

CROSS CUTTING THEMES

Each of these components compliments each other and serve to strengthen the overall capacity of the Government of Nepal in e�ectively managing, preparing, and responding to natural disasters. The following themes cut across each of the above components of CDRMP: Gender and Social Inclusion: Women and

excluded groups are most vulnerable during disasters; in developing countries the death ratio can reach 4 women to every man when disaster strikes. The programme aims

to integrate gender and social inclusion issues in all of the programme components, promoting women and excluded groups, not only as bene�ciaries but as change agents and leaders of the communities.

Monitoring and Evaluation: To ensure that the programme is being implemented to achieve the desirable goals, results based monitoring and evaluation is an on-going process to identify the gaps, challenges, and ways forward to ensure quality control of the programme.

Knowledge Management: The programme aims to actively pursue knowledge management to augment the information-sharing and awareness-raising functions of key sectors as well as to promote cross-sectoral interactions. The programme will establish the National Disaster Risk Management Portal as well a Community of Practice (CoP) in Nepal.

KEY PROGRESSES

To date, the programme has developed roadmaps with government partners in key areas including mainstreaming, capacity development, and National Building Code implementation. It has completed a comprehensive needs and capacities assessment for key ministries and established partnerships with a number of key government institutions including, the Nepal Administrative Sta� College, Local Development

Training Academy and Tribhuban University. These partnerships

will be crucial to ensuring the sustainability of

programme inputs and to ensuring

a quality pool of development experts in Nepal.

In the �rst year, the programme

worked with MoHA to operationalize the

National Emergency Operation Center

(NEOC) and to establish 16 district EOCs. This has been backed up by simulation exercises and a training package covering standard operating procedures and information management. An additional 10 District EOCs, 5 Regional EOCs, and 5 Municipal EOCs have been planned for 2012. In districts, where DEOCs have been established, simulation exercises linking local communities through a district EOC to the national response system have been undertaken to test and further improve the emergency operation centers.

The programme is also developing a pool of 1000 urban community volunteers, focusing especially on youths and female volunteers, who have been trained in disaster management and search and rescue in 5 wards of highly earthquake vulnerable areas in Kathmandu Municipality.

The Government of Nepal has also been supported by the programme to develop guidelines for mainstreaming district disaster risk management plan (DDRMP). The guidelines have been piloted successfully in �ve districts, and formal endorsement by the Government is in process. The programme also supported the government to develop a mainstreaming training package which has been tested in 3 disaster prone districts and as a result D/CRM issues have been integrated in the district development plan.

The programme has also strengthened the enforcement of the National Building Code implementation and is promoting safer construction by working with municipalities to standardise building inspection systems. It is working with Kathmandu Municipal Council (KMC) to initiate computerised building planning approvals to increase transparency and accountability as well as developed a community awareness and outreach programme. In parallel, it has also begun to scale up masons’ trainings with an aim of creating a pool of at least 3000 trained and certi�ed masons, enabling municipalities to then require that skilled labour be used in all construction sites. The plan is to extend digitised building code approval and mason certi�cation across the Kathmandu Valley by 2015.

national ministries and local bodies to manage disasters. It also aims to reduce new risk by promoting proper enforcement and compliance of Nepal’s National Building Codes (NBC) and Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning (RSLUP) and supports the government in e�ective implementation of urban and rural disaster risk reduction planning. Supporting Government policy and guideline development, as well as planning is a key component of this work.

2. Strategic Linkages with other Sectors and DRM mainstreamingCurrent development e�orts are at risk of severe setback due to natural disasters. There is a critical need to ensure that all development plans, policies, and implementations take the possibility of disasters into account. This component supports the National Planning Commission (NPC), key ministries and local bodies in mainstreaming Disaster/Climate Risk Management (D/CRM) into development plans and develops national, regional and local level training courses on D/CRM for national academic and training institutions as well as other professional courses.

3. Climate Risk Management (CRM)The frequency and intensity of natural disasters, particularly �oods, is increasing partly due to climate change and climate variability. This component addresses the risks posed by climate change by developing and piloting sector-speci�c climate risk assessment methodological tools. It also supports communities to adapt and reduce the impact of hydro meteorological induced disasters through community based initiatives that partner local e�orts with the government and private sector inputs. To integrate climate risk management in the local development planning, it supports climate risk sensitive integrated watershed management

planning, coordination and linkages with local and national government agencies. It also aims to strengthen local level early warning systems for climate induced disasters that will link the communities to the District Emergency Operation Centers (DEOC) and the National Emergency Operation Centers (NEOC) for better preparedness, response and recovery.

4. Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM)Communities are the �rst to su�er from natural disasters, and community members are the �rst responders to most disasters. This component supports the NRRC target to establish community CBDRM projects in 1000 Village Development Committees (VDC) or municipalities. Activities support guideline development as well as local level community preparedness and mitigation measures in vulnerable areas. To enhance sustainability, this approach actively facilitates linkages and partnerships with government line agencies such as Department of Soil conservation and Watershed Management (MSCWM), Department of Water Induced Disaster

Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Programme (CDRMP), United Nations Development Programme

Photo: Edwin

Koo

Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Programme (CDRMP), United Nations Development Programme

emergency service providers including the Fire

Land Use Planning (RSLUP) and supports the government in e�ective implementation of urban and rural disaster risk reduction planning. Supporting

Training Academy and Tribhuban University. These partnerships

will be crucial to ensuring the sustainability of

programme inputs and to ensuring

a quality pool of

worked with MoHA to operationalize the

National Emergency Operation Center

BACKGROUND

Nepal is one of the 20 most disaster-prone countries in the world. The entire country is located in a high-hazard earthquake zone (GAR 2009). More than 80% of Nepali people are at high risk from additional hazards including �oods, landslides, windstorms, hailstorms, �res, and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs). Globally, Nepal ranks 4th and 11th in terms of its relative vulnerability to climate change (Maplecroft 2011) and earthquakes (BCPR 2004). Climate change and variability in weather patterns has exacerbated the vulnerability of at risk populations, especially among already poor and marginalised groups.

UNDP’s Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Programme (CDRMP), approved by the Government of Nepal in 2011, aims to support implementation of Nepal’s National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management (NSDRM) through an integrated package of technical and material support, in line with the Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium’s (NRRC) Flagship Programme targets.

PROGRAMME GOALS

The programme aims to strengthen the institutional and legislative sector of Disaster Risk Management (DRM) in Nepal by building the capacity of key Government ministries and local institutions. It also aims to enhance resilience in Nepal by strengthening partnerships with national institutions, the private sector, civil society organisations, and other development actors for disaster risk management including climate change adaptation.

KEY PROGRAMME ACTIVITY AREAS

1. Institutional & Legislative Systems (ILS) for DRM, National Building Code (NBC) and Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning (RSLUP) This component aims to minimise the creation of new risk by enhancing the capacity of key

Photo: Kiran Pan

day

Photo: Dhruba Ale