Convertidores de Corriente Alterna a Corriente Directa con Voltaje Promedio de Salida VariableIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

a=30a=120a=0SEMICONVERTIDOR MONOFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

SEMICONVERTIDOR MONOFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

a=0a=60a=120CONVERTIDOR COMPLETO MONOFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

CONVERTIDOR COMPLETO MONOFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

a=0a=45a=75SEMICONVERTIDOR TRIFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

a=0a=45a=75SEMICONVERTIDOR TRIFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

SEM ICONVERTIDOR TRIFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

a=75a=105a=45CONVERTIDOR COMPLETO TRIFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

CONVERTIDOR COMPLETO TRIFASICOIng. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

A continuacin se analizara el comportamiento de los convertidores monofsicos desde el punto de vista del factor de potencia y contenido de armnicas que agregan la red de corriente alterna.Recordatorio de Factor de potencia y distorsin total de armnicas:Ing. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

Ing. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyDeterminacin de la serie de Fourier de un pulso en forma generalizada

DETERMINACION DE LA SERIE DE FOURIER DE UN PULSO EN FORMA GENERALIZADA NEGATIVO Y DEFASADO RADIANES. USANDO EL DESARROLLO ANTERIOR CAMBIANDO LA AMPLITUD DE 1 A -1 Y r POR +rLos coeficientes an y bn en el trmino coseno y seno tienen un defasamiento n, que para n impar equivale a un cambio de signo y para n par equivale a un defasamiento multiplo de 2 o sea 0 Ing. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

SUMANDO LOS DOS PULSOS ANTERIORES SE OBTIENE LA FIGURA 3, Y SU SERIE DE FOURIER ES Al sumar los dos pulsos la formA de onda tiene simetra de media onda: f(t)=-F(t+T/2)y por esta razn desaparecen todas las armonicas pares, por lo tanto para esta ltima curva la serie de Fourier sera Ing. Javier Rodrguez Bailey

Se analizara el convertidor completo monofsico de la figura con una carga formada por una resistencia (R), una inductancia muy grande (L) y una fuente de directa (E). Esto podra representar la armadura de un motor de C. D.Debido a la inductancia grande la corriente por la carga ser continua y constante. Los tiristores al dispararse con un atraso de ngulo a controlaran el voltaje promedio aplicado a la carga.Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyConvertidor completo monofsico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez Bailey Ondas de convertidor completo

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyVcd y f. p. en convertidor completo

Para el convertidor monofsico se tendrn los siguientes valores:Fdist = =.9003Fdesp = Cos aF. P. = 0.9003 Cos aI1 = 90.03%I7=12.86%I3= 30.01%I9=10.0%I5= 18%THD= 48.34%Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyArmnicas de convertidor completo

En el semiconvertidor mostrado en la figura la carga ser una resistencia (R), una inductancia muy grande (L) y una fuente de directa (E), que podra representar la armadura de un motor de C. D.Por ser un semiconvertidor el voltaje en la carga no puede ser negativo, y debido a la inductancia grande la corriente por la carga ser continua y constante. El voltaje promedio aplicado a la carga se controla con el atraso a en la seal de disparo a los tiristores.Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileySemiconvertidor monofsico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyOndas de semiconvertidor monofsico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyVcd y f. p. de semiconvertidor monofsico

Chart2

10.9003163162

0.99384417030.9180188794

0.97552825810.9257926323

0.94550326210.9233124454

0.90450849720.9104640001

0.85355339060.8873504644

0.79389262610.8542950086

0.72699524990.8118391965

0.65450849720.7607374295

0.57821723250.7019477831

0.50.6366197724

0.42178276750.5660798498

0.34549150280.4918158215

0.27300475010.415461995

0.20610737390.3387880032

0.14644660940.2636965438

0.09549150280.192240484

0.05449673790.1266834838

0.02447174190.0696722769

0.00615582970.0247854447

00

Vcdnormalizado

F.P.

Alfa

Semiconvertidor monofsico

Sheet1

Convertidor completoSemiconvertidor

alfa(radianes)alfa(grados)VCDnormalizadoF.P.13579IsTHDVcdnormalizadoF.P.FdespFdist13579IsTHD

0010.900310.900316316210.90031631620.90031631620.30010543870.18006326320.12861661660.100035146210.4834258476

0.157079632790.98768834060.8892158130.99384417030.91801887940.99691733370.9208575760.89754094140.29181350160.16635676350.10966369310.0760673220.97467943450.4234087131

0.3141592654180.95105651630.85623618160.97552825810.92579263230.98768834060.93733275390.88923192830.26739590380.12732395450.0583907220.01564894460.94868329810.3717308652

0.471238898270.89100652420.80217317370.94550326210.92331244540.97236992040.94954854740.87544050470.22820196590.06890722760.01009114340.05226822030.92195444570.3302833578

0.6283185307360.80901699440.7283580.90450849720.91046400010.95105651630.95731850260.85625169920.17639755100.07559895040.09513907770.8944271910.3019215563

0.7853981634450.70710678120.63660823510.85355339060.88735046440.92387953250.96046122160.83178381730.11484537940.06890722760.11882625960.09242042410.86602540380.2898751034

0.9424777961540.58778525230.52918306260.79389262610.85429500860.89100652420.95879770290.80218771150.04694683380.12732395450.12703313260.0454150060.83666002650.2962978656

1.0995574288630.45399049970.40872764690.72699524990.81183919650.85264016440.95214749480.76764585180.02354600130.16635676350.09780084250.02335274110.80622577480.3209995504

1.2566370614720.30901699440.2782080.65450849720.76073742950.80901699440.94032317590.72837120010.09273768070.18006326320.03974472030.08093013330.77459666920.3618784709

1.4137166941810.1564344650.14083794890.57821723250.70194778310.76040596560.92312240420.68460589770.1568046610.16635676350.03002495290.09972677130.74161984870.4165278733

1.570796326890000.50.63661977240.70710678120.90031631620.63661977240.21220659080.12732395450.09094568180.07073553030.70710678120.4834258476

1.727875959599-0.156434465-0.14083794890.42178276750.56607984980.64944804830.87163222870.58470867440.25588195060.06890722760.12506292920.00784866710.67082039320.5623477711

1.8849555922108-0.3090169944-0.2782080.34549150280.49181582150.58778525230.83672705230.5291926530.285417233100.12232167130.05879918370.6324555320.6544788516

2.0420352248117-0.4539904997-0.40872764690.27300475010.4154619950.52249856470.79514475840.4704139830.29918031380.06890722760.08352981060.09727116720.59160797830.7626531662

2.1991148575126-0.5877852523-0.52918306260.20610737390.33878800320.45399049970.74624469760.40873505430.29641064280.12732395450.02012007160.08913196790.54772255750.8920287561

2.3561944902135-0.7071067812-0.63660823510.14644660940.26369654380.38268343240.68907227620.34453613810.27726127240.16635676350.04921944830.03828179310.51.0516931944

2.5132741229144-0.8090169944-0.7283580.09549150280.1922404840.30901699440.62210327420.2782130420.24279040.18006326320.10405302860.03091256020.44721359551.2585292916

2.6703537556153-0.8910065242-0.80217317370.05449673790.12668348380.23344536390.54266866450.210174670.19490289150.16635676350.12822013450.08529398350.38729833461.5478079181

2.8274333882162-0.9510565163-0.85623618160.02447174190.06967227690.1564344650.44537677090.14084050130.13624501810.12732395450.11459824450.09880354760.3162277662.0103052218

2.9845130209171-0.9876883406-0.8892158130.00615582970.02478544470.07845909570.31590275760.0706380040.07005822330.06890722760.06720199760.06496763050.22360679773.003429218

3.1415926536180-1-0.90030000000000

Sheet1

VCDnormalizado

F.P.

Alfa

Convertidor completo monofsico

Sheet2

Vcdnormalizado

F.P.

Alfa

Semiconvertidor monofsico

Sheet3

1

3

5

7

9

Is

THD

Alfa

Armnicas en semiconvertidor monofsico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyFdist, fdesp y f. P. de semiconvertidor monofsico

Chart1

0.900316316210.9003163162

0.91801887940.99691733370.920857576

0.92579263230.98768834060.9373327539

0.92331244540.97236992040.9495485474

0.91046400010.95105651630.9573185026

0.88735046440.92387953250.9604612216

0.85429500860.89100652420.9587977029

0.81183919650.85264016440.9521474948

0.76073742950.80901699440.9403231759

0.70194778310.76040596560.9231224042

0.63661977240.70710678120.9003163162

0.56607984980.64944804830.8716322287

0.49181582150.58778525230.8367270523

0.4154619950.52249856470.7951447584

0.33878800320.45399049970.7462446976

0.26369654380.38268343240.6890722762

0.1922404840.30901699440.6221032742

0.12668348380.23344536390.5426686645

0.06967227690.1564344650.4453767709

0.02478544470.07845909570.3159027576

00180

F.P.

Fdesp

Fdist

Alfa

Semiconvertidor monofsico

Sheet1

Convertidor completoSemiconvertidor

alfa(radianes)alfa(grados)VCDnormalizadoF.P.13579IsTHDVcdnormalizadoF.P.FdespFdist13579IsTHD

0010.900310.900316316210.90031631620.90031631620.30010543870.18006326320.12861661660.100035146210.4834258476

0.157079632790.98768834060.8892158130.99384417030.91801887940.99691733370.9208575760.89754094140.29181350160.16635676350.10966369310.0760673220.97467943450.4234087131

0.3141592654180.95105651630.85623618160.97552825810.92579263230.98768834060.93733275390.88923192830.26739590380.12732395450.0583907220.01564894460.94868329810.3717308652

0.471238898270.89100652420.80217317370.94550326210.92331244540.97236992040.94954854740.87544050470.22820196590.06890722760.01009114340.05226822030.92195444570.3302833578

0.6283185307360.80901699440.7283580.90450849720.91046400010.95105651630.95731850260.85625169920.17639755100.07559895040.09513907770.8944271910.3019215563

0.7853981634450.70710678120.63660823510.85355339060.88735046440.92387953250.96046122160.83178381730.11484537940.06890722760.11882625960.09242042410.86602540380.2898751034

0.9424777961540.58778525230.52918306260.79389262610.85429500860.89100652420.95879770290.80218771150.04694683380.12732395450.12703313260.0454150060.83666002650.2962978656

1.0995574288630.45399049970.40872764690.72699524990.81183919650.85264016440.95214749480.76764585180.02354600130.16635676350.09780084250.02335274110.80622577480.3209995504

1.2566370614720.30901699440.2782080.65450849720.76073742950.80901699440.94032317590.72837120010.09273768070.18006326320.03974472030.08093013330.77459666920.3618784709

1.4137166941810.1564344650.14083794890.57821723250.70194778310.76040596560.92312240420.68460589770.1568046610.16635676350.03002495290.09972677130.74161984870.4165278733

1.570796326890000.50.63661977240.70710678120.90031631620.63661977240.21220659080.12732395450.09094568180.07073553030.70710678120.4834258476

1.727875959599-0.156434465-0.14083794890.42178276750.56607984980.64944804830.87163222870.58470867440.25588195060.06890722760.12506292920.00784866710.67082039320.5623477711

1.8849555922108-0.3090169944-0.2782080.34549150280.49181582150.58778525230.83672705230.5291926530.285417233100.12232167130.05879918370.6324555320.6544788516

2.0420352248117-0.4539904997-0.40872764690.27300475010.4154619950.52249856470.79514475840.4704139830.29918031380.06890722760.08352981060.09727116720.59160797830.7626531662

2.1991148575126-0.5877852523-0.52918306260.20610737390.33878800320.45399049970.74624469760.40873505430.29641064280.12732395450.02012007160.08913196790.54772255750.8920287561

2.3561944902135-0.7071067812-0.63660823510.14644660940.26369654380.38268343240.68907227620.34453613810.27726127240.16635676350.04921944830.03828179310.51.0516931944

2.5132741229144-0.8090169944-0.7283580.09549150280.1922404840.30901699440.62210327420.2782130420.24279040.18006326320.10405302860.03091256020.44721359551.2585292916

2.6703537556153-0.8910065242-0.80217317370.05449673790.12668348380.23344536390.54266866450.210174670.19490289150.16635676350.12822013450.08529398350.38729833461.5478079181

2.8274333882162-0.9510565163-0.85623618160.02447174190.06967227690.1564344650.44537677090.14084050130.13624501810.12732395450.11459824450.09880354760.3162277662.0103052218

2.9845130209171-0.9876883406-0.8892158130.00615582970.02478544470.07845909570.31590275760.0706380040.07005822330.06890722760.06720199760.06496763050.22360679773.003429218

3.1415926536180-1-0.90030000000000

Sheet1

VCDnormalizado

F.P.

Alfa

Convertidor completo monofsico

Sheet2

F.P.

Fdesp

Fdist

Alfa

Semiconvertidor monofsico

Sheet3

1

3

5

7

9

Is

THD

Alfa

Armnicas en semiconvertidor monofsico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyArmnicas en semiconvertidor monofsico

Para poder mejorar el factor de potencia se usara un semiconvertidor con tiristores con capacidad para encenderse y apagarse (se puede usar GTO) y se necesita agregar un diodo (DM) para permitir que la corriente de la carga pueda seguir circulando cuando se apaguen los tiristores.Para mejorar el factor de potencia se tienen varias opciones que se describirn a continuacin manteniendo la posibilidad de control del voltaje promedio aplicado a la cargaIng. Javier Rodrguez BaileyComo mejorar el factor de potencia en convertidores de C. A. a C. D

Para mejorar el factor de potencia existen las siguientes opciones:a) Control del ngulo de extincinb) Control de ngulo simtricoc) Modulacin de ancho de pulso uniformed) Modulacin de ancho de pulso senoidalIng. Javier Rodrguez BaileyOpciones para mejorar f. P. en convertidores.

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyOndas de control de ngulo de extincin

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyOndas de control de ngulo simtrico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyVcd y f.p de control de ngulo simtrico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyArmnicas de control de ngulo simtrico

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyOndas de modulacin de ancho de pulso uniforme

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyVcd y f.p. de modulacin de ancho de pulso uniforme.

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyArmnicas de modulacin de ancho de pulso uniforme.

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyTHD de modulacin de ancho de pulso uniforme

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyOndas de modulacin de ancho de pulso senoidal.

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyVcd y f. P. de modulacin de ancho de pulso senoidal

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyArmnicas de modulacin de ancho de pulso senoidal.

Ing. Javier Rodrguez BaileyTHD de modulacin de ancho de pulso senoidal.