DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

DAFTAR ISI i

DAFTAR GAMBAR iii

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN

1.1. Latar Belakang........................................................................ 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................. 2

1.3. Tujuan Penulisan .................................................................... 3

1.4. Manfaat Penulisan .................................................................. 3

BAB II ANATOMI TRACTUS URINARIUS

2.1. Anatomi Tractus Urinarius..................................................... 3

a. ginjal ................................................................................ 3

b. urether............................................................................... 6

c. vesika urinaria .................................................................. 9

d.urethra ............................................................................... 10

BAB III PEMERIKSAAN BNO-IVP

3.1. definisi ................................................................................... 13

3.2. fungsi ..................................................................................... 13

3.3. indikasi ................................................................................... 13

3.4. bahan kontras ......................................................................... 13

3.5. syarat bahan kontras ............................................................... 14

3.6. efek samping .......................................................................... 14

3.7. pencegahan alergi bahan kontras ........................................... 15

3.8. persiapan pemeriksaan IVP ................................................... 15

3.9. Tujuan Dari Pemeriksaan Ureum Dan Kreatitin..................... 17

3.10. Peralatan Dan Bahan Pada Pemeriksaan IVP....................... 18

3.11. Prosedur Pemeriksaan IVP .................................................. 19

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3.12. Tujuan Dari Pembuatan Plain Photo BNO .......................... 19

3.13. Teknik Pemeriksaan IVP ..................................................... 20

3.14. Alur Perjalanan Bahan Kontras Pada Pemeriksaan IVP ...... 25

3.15. Kelebihan Dan Kekurangan Pemeriksaan IVP .................... 26

3.16. Hal Yang Perlu Diperhatikan Dalam Pembuatan IVP ......... 26

3.17. Perawatan Pasien Setelah Pemeriksaan IVP ........................ 27

BAB IV GAMBARAN PATOLOGIS PEMERIKSAAN BNO-IVP

4.1. nefrolithiasis ........................................................................... 28

4.2. uretherolithiasis ...................................................................... 30

4.3. vesikolithisis .......................................................................... 31

4.4. BPH ........................................................................................ 32

BAB V KESIMPULAN

5.1. Kesimpulan ............................................................................ 34

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................... 35

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar Halaman

1 Anatomi ginjal ................................................................... 3

2 letak ginjal tampak posterior ............................................. 4

3 vaskularisasi ginjal ............................................................ 6

4 System calyx, pelvis renali, dan ureter.............................. 8

5 urether ............................................................................... 8

6 vesika urinaria ................................................................... 10

7 Urethra .............................................................................. 11

8 Anatomi tractus urinarius .................................................. 12

9 Foto BNO dengan persiapan pasien yang baik ................. 16

10 Foto BNO dengan persiapan pasien yang kurang baik...... 17

11 Fase nefrogram .................................................................. 21

12 Fase ureter ......................................................................... 22

13 Fase vesika urinaria ........................................................... 23

14 gambaran post miksi ......................................................... 24

15 Alur perjalanan bahan kontras pemeriksaan IVP .............. 25

16 batu staghorn ..................................................................... 29

17 batu ginjal .......................................................................... 29

18 uretherolithiasis ................................................................. 30

19 Hydroureter dan hydronefrosis.......................................... 31

20 Vesikolithiasis ................................................................... 32

21 Hyperplasia prostat............................................................ 33

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