DAFTAR ISIrepository.uinbanten.ac.id/1876/1/Adzikra Vol 03 No 02.pdf · 2018. 3. 5. · Fushshilat [41]: 33-36. Bahkan Thohir Luth menegaskan bahwa ayat-ayat tersebut, merupakan landasan

Vol. 03. No. 2 (Jull-Desember) 2012 ISSN: 2087-8605

^ Jum JunM KomunHiMl * Ptnylwm Warn D A F T A R I S I

R i n a D a r o j a t u n 1 - 1 6 D A K W A H DAN K O M U N I K A S I A N T A R B U D A Y A

S a f i i n M a n s u r 1 7 - 3 0 G E R A K A N D A K W A H M. N A T S I R L E W A T D E W AN D A K W A H I S L A M I Y A H INDONESIA (DDII)

M u h i b u d d i n 3 1 - 4 4 I K L I M K O M U N I K A S I D A L A M P E R S P E K T I F K O M U N I K A S I O R G A N I S A S I

K h o l i d S u h a c m i 4 5 - 6 0 K E P E M I M P I N A N P E R E M P U A N D A L A M I S L A M (Suatu Kajian Perempuan Muslimah dalam Kehidupan Modem)

H . R o d a n i 6 1 - 7 4 F O R U M K E R U K U N A N UMAT B E R A G A M A D I INDONESIA (Sebuah Implementasi Komunikasi Multikultural)

D e w i W i d o w a t i 7 5 - 8 8 K E B H I N E K A A N D A L A M PANDANGAN K A J I A N K O M U N I K A S I A N T A R B U D A Y A S E B A G A I P E N G I K A T K E U T U H A N BANGSA

M o h a m a d T o h a 8 9 - 1 0 1 L I B E R A L I S M E M E D I A M A S S A

Jurnal Adzlkra, Vol. 03, No. 2, (Jull-Desember) 2012 ISSN: 2087-8605

Jurnal Adzikra, Vol. 03, No. 2, (Juli-Desember) 2012 ISSN: 2087-8605

G E R A K A N D A K W A H M. N A T S I R L E W A T D E W AN D A K W A H I S L A M I Y A H INDONESIA |DDIII

O l e h : S a f i i n M a n s u r ( D o s e n F a k u l t a s U s h u l u d d i n d a n D a k w a h I A I N " S M H " B a n t e n )

Abstrak M. Natsir h i n g g a a k a h i r hanyatnya memimpin DDII. D D I I i n i l a h sebagai wadah gerakan dakwah yang dikembangkan oleh M. Natsir dengan prinsip musyawarah, ternyata gerakan dakwah yang d i l a k s a n a k a n n y a tidak h a n y a d i t u n j u k k a n kepada masyarakat kota, m e l a i n k a n j u g a masyarakat pedesaan. D a k w a h yang dikembangkan di D D I I a d a l a h model R a s u l u l l a h Saw. Vang berdasarkan A l - Q u r ' a n dan S u n n a h Rasul. D i samping i t u , D D I I j u g a mengembangkan gerakan dakwah lewat politik, pendidikan, pemerintah, maupun .sosial, dan termasuk j u g a lewat penerbitan b u k u - b u k u , m a j a l a h , dan sebagainya. K i n i D D I I masih tetap eksis sejak M. Natsir, A n w a r H a r y o n o , U m a r H u s a i n , dan A d i a n H u s a i n i

K a t a kunci: D a k w a h , M. Natsir, D D I I

A. Pendahuluan K c l a h i r a n I s l a m d i M e k k a h m e n d a p a t k a n t a n t a n g a n y a n g b e s a r

d a r i k a u m k a f i r Q u r a s y , t e t a p i d i M a d i n a h I s l a m m e n d a p a t k a n s a m b u t a n y a n g m c n g h a n g a t k a n a t a s k c h a d i r a n n y a , s e h i n g g a I s l a m y a n g t e l a h d i b a w a o l e h N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . I t u t e l a h m e m b a w a p e n i b a h a n b e s a r b a g i k e m a j u a n p e r a d a b a n m a n u s i a , k a r e n a I s l a m d a t a n g b u k a n u n t u k m e n g h a n e u r k a n t a t a n a n s o s i a l m e l a i n k a n u n t u k m e m p e r b a i k i d a n m e l u r u s k a n n y a . M a k a w a j a r , I s l a m c c p a t t e r s e b a r d i s e l u f u h d u n i a w a l a u p u n s e b a g a i a g a m a y a n g t e r a k h i r s e t e l a h a g a m a Y a h u d i , a g a m a K r i s t e n , a g a m a H i n d u , a g a m a B u d d h a , m a u p u n a g t u n a l a i n n y a .

T e r s e b a m y a I s l a m k a r e n a d a k w a h y a n g m e n y e j u k k a n h a t i d a n t i d a k m e m a k s a k a n d i r i k e p a d a o r a n g l a i n . T e t a p i d a k w a h I s l a m d i s e b a r K a n h a n y a d e n g a n h i k m a h , m a u i d h a h , d a n m u j a d a l a h d e n g a n

18 S a f i i n M a n s u r

b e n a r d a n p e n u h a r g u m e n t a s i y a n g j e l a s d a n r a s i o n a l . D a k w a h I s l a m b u k a n d e n g a n p e d a n g , b u k a n d e n g a n k e k e r a s a n , d a n b u k a n p u l a d e n g a n t e r o r , m e l a i n k a n d e n g a n j a l a n y a n g d a m a i , t o l c r a n , d a n t e r b u k a d e n g a n t e r a n g . D a l a m k a i t a n i n i , T h o m a s W . A r n o l d m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a s e j a k a w a l I s l a m s e b a g a i a g a m a d a k w a h , b a i k d a l a m t e o r i m a i l p u n d a l a m p r a k t e k n y a . S e m u a i t u , m e n g a c u k e p a d a k e h i d u p a n N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . S e l a l u p e m i m p i n d a k w a h I s l a m y a n g p e n u h k e d a m a i a n d a n l e m a h l e m b u t . ^ *

M e m a n g b e n a r , b a h w a p e l e t a k d a s a r d a k w a h I s l a m a d a l a h N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . Y a n g b e r s u m b e r d a r i w a h y u A U a l i , y a i t u A l - Q u r ' a n s e b a g a i p e t u n j u k b a g i u m a t m a n u s i a , p e n j e l a s , d a n p e m b a d a a n t a r a y a n g h a k d a n y a n g b a t i l . B a h k a n N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . S e b a g a i J u r u d a k w a h I s l a m d a n y a n g d a p a t m e m b e r i k a n g a m b a r a n t e n t a n g h a k i k a t d a k w a h I s l a m . J i k a k e h i d u p a n N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . M e r u p a k a n s t a n d a r b a g i u m a t n y a , m a k a t e n t u n y a h a l i t u b e r l a k u d a l a m d a k w a h I s l a m k a r e n a d e n g a n s e m a n g a t d a k w a h y a n g d i e o n t o h k a n o l e h N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . T e n t x m y a a k a n m e n g i k u t i N a b i n y a d a l a m b e r d a k w a h d a l a m s e j a r a h I s l a m . ^ '

D a k w a h y a n g d i s a m p a i k a n s e j a k N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w , p a r a s a h a b a t N a b i , d a n p a r a t o k o h - t o k o h I s l a m m a s i h t e t a p m e n g i k u t i a j a r a n N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . H i n g g a k i n i . W a l a u p u n d a k w a h I s l a m s u d a h s a m p a i k e u j u n g d u n i a , b a i k d i T i m u r T e n g ^ , d i B a r a t , d i E r o p a , d i A s i a , m a u p u n d i I n d o n e s i a . D a l a m k a i t a n d a k w a h I s l a m d i I n d o n e s i a i n i , A l w i S h i h a b m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a I s l a m m a s u k k e I n d o n e s i a m e l a l u i c a r a - c a r a d a m a i d a n b e r h a s i l d i t e r i m a d e n g a n e a r a d a m a i , s e r t a d i p e l u k s e k i t a r 8 5 p e r s e n p e n d u d u k I n d o n e s i a l e w a t a j a r a n - a j a r a n p a r a s u f i k a r e n a t a s a w u f p a d a u m u m n y a d i a k u i s e b a g a i d i s i p l i n y a n g p a l i n g

Thomas W. Arnold, S e j a r a h D a k w a h I s l a m , {Jakarta: Widjaya, 1981}, cet. 2, him. 4

^'/X/ti him. 10

Jurnal Adzikra, Vol. 03, No. 2, (Jull-Desember) 2012 ISSN: 2087-8605

G e r a k a n D a k w a h M . N a t s i r l e w a t D D I I | 1 9

b e s a r p e r a n a n n y a d a l a m p e n y e b a r a n I s l a m . B e g i t u p u l a , H a s b u l l a h B a k r y m e n e g a s k a n b a h w a p e n y i a r a n I s l a m d i I n d o n e s i a m e l a l u i j a l a n d a m a i d a n s u k a r e l a p e r d a g a n g a n t a n p a k e k u a t a n a t a u p a k s a a n d a n p e r k e m b a n g a n n y a b e r s i f a t o t o m a t i f s a l i n g a j a k m e n g a j a k d e n g a n m u d a h . ^ ^

J a d i , k e h a d i r a n I s l a m d i I n d o n e s i a b u k a n d e n g a n j a l a n p e n j a j a h a n m e l a i n k a n d e n g a n c a r a d a m a i y a n g d i s e b a r k a n o l e h p a r a p e d a g a n g y a n g m u b a l i g h a t a u m u b a l i g h y a n g p e d a g a n g d a r i A r a b , P e r s i a , d a n I n d i a . S e b a g a i m a y a n g d i p a p a r k a n o l e h S y a m s u d d u h a b a h w a p e n y e b a r a n a g a m a I s l a m d i I n d o n e s i a s e c a r a i n t e n s i f t e r j a d i p a d a a b a d k e 1 3 M a s e h i , I s l a m t e r s e b a r d a r i p u l a u k e p u l a u s e c a r a t e r u s m e n e r u s m c n y e b a r a n i t u d i l a k u k a n o l e h p e d a g a n g m u b a l i g h a t a u m u b a l i g h p e d a g a n g , p e m u k a m a s y a r a k a t , o r a n g b i a s a a t a u p e n g u a s a s e t e m p a t , s e r t a o l e h o r a n g - o r a n g A r a b , P e r s i a , I n d i a , d a n j u g a o r a n g -o r a n g I n d o n e s i a s e n d i r i . ^ ^

D a k w a h I s l a m d i I n d o n e s i a s e j a k m a s a p e n j a j a h a n , m a s a k e m e r d e k a a n , d a n m a s a k i n i t e t a p d e n g a n j a l a n y a n g d a m a i y a n g d i s a m p a i k a n o l e h p a r a m u b a l i g h , t o k o h a g a m a , d a n c e n d i k i a n m u s l i m . D a l a m k a i t a n i n i , m e n a r i k u n t u k d i k a j i l e b i h m e n d a l a m t e n t a n g t o k o h y a n g s a n g a t k e m i t m e n d a l a m d a k w a h I s l a m i y a h d i I n d o n e s i a , y a i t u M . N a t s i r s e b a g a i s o s o k i n t e l e k t u a l d a n m u j t a h i d d a k w a h . B a h k a n T h o h i r L u t h m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a M . N a t s i r b u k a n h a n y a s e o r a n g p o l i t i s i d a n n e g a r w a n , m e l a i n k a n j u g a d i k e n a l s e b a g a i s e o r a n g m u j t a h i d d a k w a h . I a m e n g a m b i l p e r a n d a n a n d i l t e r h a d a p o r g a n i s a s i y a n g m e n g u r u s

Alwi Shibab, Membendung Arus Respon G e r a k a n M u h a m m a d i y a h T e r h a d a o Penelrasi M i s i Kristen di I n d o n e s i a , {Bandung: Mizan, 1998}, cet. I . bim. 25-26

'̂ l labullab Bakry, Studi Perbandingan M e n g e n a i P e n y i a r a n Kristen dan I s l a m , {Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1979), cet. I, bim. 52

*̂ Syamsudduba, Penyebaran dan Perbandingan I s l a m , K a t o l i k , dan Protestan di I n d o n e s i a , {Surabaya: Usaba Nasional, 1987}, cet. 2, bim. 23



k e p e n t i n g a n d a k w a h I s l a m , b a i k d a l a m s k a l a n a s i o n a l m a u p u n i n t e m a s i o n a l . ^ '

B. Pemikiran Dalcwah M. Natsir B e r a n g k a t d a r i p e m i k i r a n M . N a t s i r y a n g m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a

I s l a m a d a l a h a g a m a risalah d a n d a k w a h , k a r e n a t u g a s R a s u l u l l a h S a w . A d a l a h m e n y a m p a i k a n k h a b a r g e m b i r a d a n p e r i n g a t a n u n t u k s e l u r u h u m a t m a n u s i a . ^ B e r a r t i d a k w a h R a s u l u l l a h S a w . A d a l a h m e n g a j a k k e p a d a m a n u s i a u n t u k m e n g i k u t i risalah " d i n u l I s l a m " u n t u k k e s e l a m a t a n d a n k e b a h a g i a n h i d u p d i d u n i a m a u p u n d i a k h i r a t . M a k a u n t u k l e b i h j e l a s n y a t e n t a n g k o n s e p M . N a t s i r y a n g b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n d a k w a h i n i , a k a n d i p a p a r k a n s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

1 . M a k n a D a k w a h D a k w a h m e n u r u t M . N a t s i r a d a l a h s u a t u k e w a j i b a n y a n g h a r u s d i p i k u l o l e h t i a p - t i a p m u s l i m d a n m u s l i m a h , t i d a k b o l e h m e n g h i n d a r d i r i d a r i p a d a n y a . K a r e n a d a k w a h a d a l a h a m a r m a ' r u f n a h i m u n g k a r a d a l a h s y a r a t m u t l a k b a g i k e s e m p u m a a n d a n k e s e l a m a t a n h i d u p m a s y a r a k a t . ^ ^ D e n g a n k a t a l a i n , d a k w a h a d a l a h s u a t u k e w a j i b a n p e n u h a t a s u m a t I s l a m s e n d i r i y a n g t i d a k m u n g k i n d a n t i d a k b o l e h d i u p a h k a n k e p a d a o r a n g l a i n , d a n t i d a k b i s a d i t o m p a n g - t o m p a n g k a n k e p a d a d a k w a h o r a n g l a i n . K a r e n a s a t u k e w a j i b a n y a n g t i d a k s e o r a n g m u s l i m a t a u m u s l i m a h p u n y a n g b c r l e p a s d i r i d a r i p a d a n y a . ^ *

2 . L a n d a s a n D a k w a h L a n d a s a n d a k w a h b a g i M . N a t s i r a d a l a h b e r s u m b e r d a r i w a h y u A l l a h d a n s u n n a h R a s u l u l l a h S a w . K a r e n a M . N a t s i r m e n g a c u

'' T'hohir Luth, M. Natsir D a k w a h dan P e m i k i r a n n y a , {Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 1999), cet. I , him. 63

M. Natsir, F i g h u d D a k w a h , {Jakarta: Media Dakwah, 2008}, cet. 13, him. I

" Ihid, him. 121 ™/A/t/, him. 132-133


G e r a k a n D a k w a h M . N a t s i r l e w a t D D I I 21

k e p a d a f i r m a n A l l a h d a l a m s u r a t A l i I m r a n [ 3 ] : 1 0 4 , 1 1 0 , d a n F u s h s h i l a t [ 4 1 ] : 3 3 - 3 6 . B a h k a n T h o h i r L u t h m e n e g a s k a n b a h w a a y a t - a y a t t e r s e b u t , m e r u p a k a n l a n d a s a n k o n s e p t u a l t e r h a d a p p e r m a s a l a h a n d a k w a h I s l a m . ^ ' A l - Q u r ' a n m a u p u n a l - H a d i t s m e r u p a k a n r i s a l a h R a s u l u l l a h S a w . S e b a g a i p e t u n j u k , p e d o m a n , b i m b i n g a n b a g i m a n u s i a u n t u k m e n j a g a n i l a i d a n m a r t a b a t m a n u s i a , s u p a y a j a n g a n s a m p a i m e l u n c u r d a n s u p a y a b a k a t p o t e n s i n y a d a p a t b e r k e m b a n g , m u t u n y a m e n i n g k a t m c n c a p e i i t i n g k a t y a n g l e b i h t i n g g i . ^ *

3 . T u j u a n D a k w a h D a k w a h t a n p a t u j u a n y a n g J e l a s m a k a a k a n s i a - s i a , s e h i n g g a M. N a t s i r m e m b e r i k a n t i g a p o i n p c n t i n g t e n t a n g t u j u a n d a k w a h , y a i t u [ 1 ] M c m a n g g i l k i t a k e p a d a s y a r i a t , u n t u k m e m e c u l i k u n p e r s o a l a n h i d u p , b a i k p e r s o a l a n h i d u p p e r s e o r a n g a n , p e r s o a l a n r u m a h t a n g g a , b c r m a s y a r a k a t , b e r b a n g s a , b e m e g a r a , d a n b e r a n t a m c g a r a , [ 2 ] M c m a n g g i l k i t a k e p a d a f u n g s i h i d u p k i t a s e b a g a i h a m b a A l l a h d i a t a s d u n i a y a n g t e r b c n t a n g l u a s i n i , b e r i s i k a n m a n u s i a b e r b a g a i j e n i s , b c r m a c a m p o l a p c n d i r i a n d a n k e p c r c a y a a n n y a , y a k n i f u n g s i s e b a g a i syuhada ' a l a an-nas, m e n j a d i p e l o p o r d a n p c n g a w a s b a g i u m a t m a n u s i a , [ 3 ] M e m a n g g i l k i t a k e p a d a t u j u a n h i d u p k i t a y a n g h a k i k i , y a k n i m e n y e m b a h A l l a h . D e m i k i a n l a h , k i t a h i d u p m e m p u n y a i f u n g s i t u j u a n y a n g t e r t e n t u . ^ '

4 . T u g a s D a k w a h S e m u a N a b i d a n R a s u l y a n g d i u t u s o l e h A l l a h a d a l a h m e m b a w a t u g a s u n t u k m e n y a m p a i k a n a j a r a n A l l a h , s e j a k N a b i A d a m A s . h i n g g a N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . B a h k a n M . N a t s i r m e n y a t a k a n b a l i w a t u g a s r i s a l a h R a s u l d a n t u g a s d a k w a h p a r a m u b a l i g h a d a l a h m e m p c r t e m u k a n fitrah m a n u s i a d e n g a n w a h y u I l a h i . ' ^ D e n g a n

" I hohir Lulh, op.cii. hlin. 44 M. Natsir, op.cii, him. 3

" Thohir Luth, op.cii, him.70 " M. Natsir, op.cii, him. 4



k a t a l a i n , t u g a s n y a a d a l a h m e n y a m p a i k a n r i s a l a h d e n g a n k e t e r a n g a n y a n g j e l a s d a n n y a t a , s e r t a s e p e n u h t e n a g a . B a h k a n M . N a t s i r m e n g g a m b a r k a n m u b a l i g h a t a u p e n d a k w a h s e p e r t i s e o r a n g p e t a n i , m a k a b i d a n g n y a a d a l a h m e n a b u r b i b i t , m e n g e l o l a h t a n a h , m e m b e r p u p u k , a i r , m e n j a g a s u p a y a b i b i t i t u c u k u p m e n d a p a t u d a r a d a n s i n a r m a t a h a r i , m e l i n d u n g i d a r i b a m a d a n I a i n - l a i n . A d a p u n m e n u m b u b k a n b i b i t m e n j a d i b e n i b y a n g h i d u p a d a l a b s a t u p e n c i p t a a n y a n g t e r l e t a k d a l a m k e k u a s a a n A l l a b s e m a t a - m a t a , d i l u a r k e m a m p u a n d a n u s a b a s e o r a n g p e t a n i . ' ' ^ B e r a r t i s e m u a i t u ^ b a n y a b i d a y a b d a r i A l l a b , k i t a b a n y a m e n y a m p a i k a n d e n g a n b e n a r d a n b a i k , t i d a k m e m a k s a k a a n k a r e n a s e m u a n y a s e m a t a - m a t a k a r u n i a l a n g s u n g d a r i A l l a b . M a k a p a r a p e n d a k w a h a t a u m u b a l i g h h a r u s m e m p e r s i a p k a n d i r i d e n g a n k e k u a t a n b u j j a b n y a y a n g d a p a t d i t e r i m a d e n g a n a k a l y a n g s e b a t d a n d a y a p a n g g i l a n n y a y a n g d a p a t m e n y i n a r i j i w a d a n r a s a . S e m u a n y a i t u , t e r g a n t u n g k e p a d a p e r s i a p a n m e n t a n t a l p e n d a k w a h , p e r s i a p a n i l m i a b , c a r a d a n a d a b d a k w a h n y a . M a k a k e b e r h a s i l a n s e o r a n g p e n d a k w a h a d a l a b u s a b a y a n g k o n t i n y u , p e r h a t i a n n y a y a n g t i d a k p u t u s - p u t u s d a l a m m e m b a n g u n u m a t y a n g s e d a n g d i b a n g u i m y a , h a r u s m a m p u m e m e l i b a r a k e t e n g a n d a n k e s e i m b a n g a n j i w a , s e r t a s a n g g u p m e m u l i b k a n k e s e i m b a n g a n b i l a t e r g a n g g u d i t e n g a h - t e n g a h u m a t . * ' *

S . I s i d a n S a s a r a n D a k w a h I s i k a n d i m g a n d a k w a h M . N a t s i r m e n u r u t T h o h i r L u t h t e r n y a t a m e n y a n g k u t s e l u r u h a s p e k k e h i d u p a n m a n u s i a , b a i k y a n g m e n c a k u p a s p e k b u b u n g a n m a n u s i a d e n g a n T u h a n , m a u p u n b u b u n g a n m a n u s i a d e n g a n s e s a m a m a n u s i a . D i s a m p i n g m e n y a n g k u t p e r s o a l a n p o l i t i k , e k o n o m i , p e n d i d i k a n , p e m e r i n t a h , s e k u l a r i s a s i , d a n k r i s t e n i s a s i . ^ ^ E n a m p e r s o a l a n i t u , y a n g

I b i d . him. 145 ^* I b i d . him. 146-147 " Thohir Luth, op.cit, him. 83-84



d i k e m u k a k a n o l e h T h o h i r L u t h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : [ 1 ] B i d a n g p o l i t i k , k e d u d u k a n M . N a t s i r s e b a g a i P e r d a n a M e n t r i R I d a n K e t u a u m u m P a r t a i M a s y u m i , t e l a h m e n g g u n a k a n k e k u a t a n p o l i t i k u n t u k b e r d a k w a h a m a r m a ' r u f n a h i m i m g k a r . S e t e l a h t i d a k m e n j a d i p e m i m p i n i a t e t a p b e r d a k w a h , p o l i t i k d a n d a k w a h h a r u s b e r i m b a n g d a l a m u p a y a d a k w a h I s l a m , [ 2 ] B i d a n g e k o n o m i , M . N a t s i r m e m a n g b u k a n a h l i e k o n o m i , n a m u n d a k w a h n y a s e l a l u a d a m u a t a n e k o n o m i n y a , b a h k a n i a b e r p e n d i r i a n b a h w a k e g a i a t a n e k o n o m i b u k a n s e m a t a - m a t a u s a h a m e m p e r b a n y a k k e k a y a a n m a t c r i t e t a p i k e k a y a a n i t u h a r u s d i d i s t r i b u s i k a n k e p a d a m a s y a r a k a t y a n g m e m b u t u h k a n . . M e n u m p u k k e k a y a a n j u s t r u a k a n m e n i m b u l k a n d a m p a k n e g a t i v e , [ 3 ] B i d a n g p e n d i d i k a n , M . N a t s i r m e m a n g s e o r a n g p e n d i d i k d a n b e t a p a p e n t i n g n y a p e n d i d i k a n b a g i s u a t u k e m a j u a n b a n g s a . K a r e n a m a j u a t a u m u n d u m y a s a l a h s a t u k a u m t e r g a n t u n g s e b a g i a n b e s a r k e p a d a p e i a j a r a n d a n p e n d i d i k a n y a n g b e r l a k u d a l a m k a l a n g a n m e r e k a , [ 4 ] B i d a n g p e m e r i n t a h , M . N a t s i r s e b a g a i n e g a r a w a n y a n g b e r p i h a k k e p a d a m a s y a r a k a t y a n g d i k e n a l s e b a g a i t o k o h I s l a m y a n g p a l i n g v o c a l t e r h a d a p k c b i j a k a n p e m e r i n t a h . H a l i t u , d i l a k u k a n d a l a m r a n g k a d a k w a h I s l a m a m a r m a ' r u f n a b i m u n g k a r , s e j a k o r d e l a m a [ S o e k a m o ] d a n o r d c b a r u [ S o e h a r t o ] h i n g g a a k h i r h a n y a t n y a , [ 5 ] B i d a n g s e k u l a r i s a s i , M . N a t s i r m e n o l a k f a h a m t e r s e b u t , y a n g d a t a n g n y a d a r i B a r a t y a n g m e m i s a h k a n a n t a r a k e h i d u p a n d u n i a w i d a n u k b r a w i , k a r e n a f a h a m i t u p e r t e n t a n g a n d e n g a n a j a r a n a g a m a I s l a m , d a n | 6 ] B i d a n g K r i s t e n , M . N a t s i r m e n a r u b p e r h a t i a n k h u s u s t e r h a d a p k r i s t e n i s a s i d i I n d o n e s i a y a n g m e n g g u n a k a n p e n d i d i k a n , k e s e h a t a n , d a n s o s i a l u n t u k k r i s t e n i s a s i , s e h i n g g a M . N a t s i r m e l a k u k a n t i g a h a l , y a i t u [ 1 ] M c n g i r i m k a n t e n a g a d a i o l e h D e w a n D a k w a h I s l a m i y a h k e p o l o k d a e r a h , [ 2 ] M e n u l i s d u a k a r y a i l m i a h t e n t a n g I s l a m d a n K r i s t e n d i I n d o n e s i a , d a n M e n c a r i M o d u s V i v e n d i a n t a r u m a t B e r a g a m a d i

Jurnal Adzikra, Vol. 03, No. 2, (Jull-Desember) 2012 ISSN: 2087 8605


I n d o n e s i a , d a n [ 3 ] M e n g i r i m s u r a t k e p a d a P a u s Y o h a n e s I I d i V a t i k a n . ^ *

C . Gerakan Dakwah M. Natsir M. N a t i s s e b a g a i s e o r a n g m u j a h i d d a k w a h k a r e n a g e r a k a n

d a k w a h n y a u n i v e r s a l , b u k a n s a j a b e r d a k w a h k e p a d a m a s y a r e i k a t m e l a i n k a n j u g a b e r d a k w a h d i k a l a n g a n p e m e r i n t a h . D i s a m p i n g i t u , d a k w a h n y a m e n c a k u p d i b i d a n g p o l i t i k , p e n d i d i k a n , e k o n o m i , p e m e r i n t a h , a g a m a , m a u p u n f a h a m - f a h a m l a i n n y a . B a h k a n A m r u l l a h A h m a d m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a M . N a t s i r s e b a g a i t o k o h d a k w a h y a n g s a n g a t p r o d u k t i f , b e f i k i r , b e r s i k a p d a n b e r t i n d a k u n t u k k e p e n t i n g a n r e a l i s a s i I s l a m d a l a m t a n t a t a n k e h i d u p a n b e r m a s y a r a k a t , b e r b a n g s a d a n b e m e g a r a . D a n d i a n t a r a g e r a k a n d a k w a h M . N a t s i r a d a l a h : [ I I D a k w a h d e n g a n t a b l i g h , m e n y a m p a i k a n I s l a m k e p a d a m a s y a r a k a t m e n g e n a i p a n d a n g a n d i m i a t a u h i d d a n k e s e m p u m a a n I s l a m s e b a g a i s o l u s i b e r b a g a i m a s a l a h k e h i d u p a n b e r m a s y a r a k a t , [ 2 ] D a k w a h t a ' d i b , p e n d i d i k a n d a n m e n y a m p a i k a n b e r b a g a i p e m i k i r a n m e n g e n a i p e n d i d i k a n , [ 3 ] D a k w a h d i m e d a n a m a r m a ' r u f n a h i m u n g k a r p a d a p e m e r i n t a h a n , [ 4 ] D a k w a h h i j r a h w a l j i h a d , [ S ] D a k w a h d e n g a n m e m b i n a m a s y a r a k a t u n t u k m e n i n g k a t k a n k u a l i t a s d a k w a h d i I n d o n e s i a m e l a l u i D D I I , [ 6 ] D a k w a h d e n g a n k e p e m i m p i n a n u n t u k t r a n s f o m m a s i I s l a m m e n j a d i r e a l i t a s d a l a m k e h i d u p a n p r i b a d i , k e l u a r g a , k e l o m p o k , m a s y a r a k a t , n e g a r a , d a n d u n i a i n t e m a s i o n a l . ^ ^

G e r a k a n d a k w a h M . N a t s i r d i f o k u s k a n p a d a D e w a n D a k i v a h I s l a m i y a h I n d o n e s i a [ D D I I ] s e t e l a h i a b e r h e n t i d a r i P e r d a n a M e n t r i R I d a n K e t u a P i u l a i M a s y u m i . W a l a u p u n a d a y a n g y a n g m e n g a s u m s i k a n b a h w a m u n c u l n y a g e r a k a n D D I I a d a l a h k e p a n j a n g a n d a r i M a s y u m i , k a r e n a t o k o h - t o k o h D D I I a d a l a h d a r i t o k o h - t o k o h M a s y i u n i . D i

him. 83-128 " Ammllah Ahmad, "Mohammad Natsir Muslim Teolog-Intelektual Ideo-

Praxis dalam Dakwah Islam" dalam Lukman Hakiem, 1 0 0 T a h u n M o h a m m a d Natsir B e r d a m a i dengan N e g a r a , {Jakarta: Rebublika, 2008}, cet. 1, him. 397-407


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s a m p i n g i t u , D D I I b e r t e m p a t d i k o n t o r M a s y u m i j u g a , b a h k a n T h o h i r L u t h m e n e g a s k a n b a h w a a s u m s i o r a n g t e n t a n g h u b u n g a n M a s y u m i d e n g a n D D I I i t u t i d a k s e p e n u h n y a s a l a h , k a r e n a p e r j u a n g a n I s l a m m e l a l u i D D I I m a s i h b e r a k a r p a d a s e m a n g a t M a s y u m i , s u n g g u h p u n t e h n i k o p c r a s i o n a l n y a b e r b e d a . * * D a l a m k a i t a n D D I I i n i , a k a n d i j e l a s k a n l e b i h r i n c i n y a s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

I . D D I I S e b a g a i W a d a h D a k w a h M . N a t s i r D e w a n D a k w a h I s l a m i y a h I n d o n e s i a d i d i r i k a n p a d a t a n g g a l 2 6 F e b r u a r i 1 9 6 7 . L e m b a g a i n i l a h i r d a r i s e b u a h k e s e p a k a n y a n g j d i h a s i l k a n o l e h b e b e r a p a a l i m u l a m a d i J a k a r t a p a d a p c r t e m u a n h a l a l b i h a l a l p a d a t a h t m t e r s e b u t . B a h k a n y a n g t e r p i l i h s e b a g a i k e t u a n y a a d a l a h M . N a t s i r h i n g g a a k a h i r h z m y a t n y a s e b a g a i m e m i m p i n D D I I . D a n D D I I i n i l a h s e b a g a i w a d a h g e r a k a n d r i k w a h y a n g d i k e m b a n g k a n o l e h M . N a t s i r d e n g a n p r i n s i p m u s y a w a r a h , t e r n y a t a g e r a k a n d a k w a h y a n g d i l a k s a n a k a i m y a t i d a k h a n y a d i t u n j u k k a n k e p a d a m a s y a r a k a t k o t a , m e l a i n k a n j u g a m a s y a r a k a t p e d e s a a n . A d a p u n u s a h a y a n g d i g a r a p n y a a d a l a h [ I ] M c m p e r l u a s p e n g c r t i a n d a k w a h d a n p e n g e r t i a n h a n y a s e b a g a i t a b l i g h k e p a d a p e n g e r t i a n y a n g m e n c a k u p s e l u r u h a s p e k k e h i d u p a n m a s y a r a k a t s e b a g a i k e l a n j u t a n r i s a l a h N a b i M u h a m m a d S a w . [ 2 ] M e n g e m b a l i k a n f u n g s i m a s j i d s e b a g a i p u s a t p e m b i n a a n m a s y a r a k a t s e p e r t i z a m a n R a s u l u l l a h , [ 3 ] D e w a n D a k w a h I s l a m i y a h m e m b e r p e n g e r t i a n k e p a d a j a m a a h b a h w a t u g a s d a k w a h m e r u p a k a n f a r d h u a i n k e w a j i b a n i n d i v i d u b a g i s e t i a p m u s l i m , | 4 | M e n g g i a t k a n d a n m e n i n g k a t k a n m u t u d a k w a h , [ 5 ] M e n i n g k a t k a n u s a h a p c m b e n t e n g a n a t a u p e m b e l a a n a q i d a h u m a t , d a n | 6 ] M e m b a n g k i t k a n u k h u w a h I s l a m i y a h a l - a l a m i y a h p e r s a u d a r a a n I s l a m i n t e m a s i o n a l . S e d a n g k a n p e d o m a n D D I I d a l a m s e g a l a h a l , t e r m a s u k h u b u n g a n a n t a r u m a t b e r a g a m a , a n t a r a l a i n : [ 1 ] I s l a m s e b a g a i a g a m a d i s i s i A l l a h , n a m u n I s l a m m e l a r a n g p e m a k s a a n d a l a m a g a m a [ A l i I m r a n [ 3 ] : l 9 d a n A l - B a q a r a h [ 2 | : 2 5 6 ] , [ 2 ]

" Thohir Luth, op.cit, him. 57



I s l a m m e m p e r i n g a t k a n b a h w a g o l o n g a n Y t i h u d i d a n N a s r a n i t i d a k a k a n s e n a n g k e p a d a u m a t I s l a m m e n g i k u t i a g a m a m e r e k a [ A l -B a q a a h [ 2 ] : 1 2 0 ] , d a n [ 3 ] M e n d a p & t o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g p a l i n g k e r a s p e r m u s u h a n n y a k e p a d a o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r i m a n , y a k n i o r a n g Y a h u d i d a n m e r e k a y a n g m e n y e k u t u k a n A l l a h . D a n d i d a p a t i o r a n g y a n g p a l i n g a k r a b k e c i n t a a r m y a k e p a d a o r a n g y a n g b e r i m a n a d a l a h o r a n g N a s r a n i [ A l - M a i d a h [ 5 ] : 8 2 ] . * ' A t a s d a s a r i t u , D D I I m e l a k u k a n k e g i a t a n y a n g s a n g a t e s e n s i a l b a g i k e m a j u a n g e r a k a n d a k w a h d e n g a n m e l a l u i p e m b a n g i m a n m a s j i d , p e n g i r i m a n d a i , d a n p e n e r b i t a n . [ 1 ] P e m b a n g i m M a s j i d , M . N a t s i r m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a m a s j i d m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u p i l a r k e p e m i m p i n a n u m a t . M a s j i d d i p a n d a n g s e b a g a i l e m b a g a p e m b i n a a n p r i b a d i d a n j i w a m a s y a r a k a t . B a h k a n g a i r a h r e m a j a m a s j i d d a l a m b e r b a g a i k e g i a t a n k e a g a m a a n d a n s o s i a l k e m a s y a r a k a t a n . M a k a h a l i n i p e n t i n g , m e m b e r i p e r h a t i a n k h u s u s t e r h a d a p p e m b a n g i m a n m a s j i d d a n p e m b i n a a i m y a , b a i k d i k o t a m a u p u n d i d e s a , d i p e s a n t r e n a t a u d i k a m p u s . [ 2 ] P e n g i r i m t m D a i , u n t u k m e m b e n t e n g i u m a t I s l a m d a r i b e r b a g a i p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p p e n d a n g k a l a n a q i d a h , p e m u r t a d a n , d a n s e b a g a i n y a , m a k a D D I I m e n g i r i m k a n d a i k e d a e r a h p e d e s a a n , p e n d a l a m a n , d a n t r a n s m i g r a s i . P a r a d a i u m u m n y a d i r e k r u t d a r i m a s y a r a k a t d e s a s e n d i r i , m e r e k a d i d i d i k d a n d i l a t i h , d i b e k a l i d e n g a n b e r b a g a i i l m u d a n k e t e r a m p i l a n y a n g d i p e r l u k a n d a l a m m e l a k s a n a k a n t u g a s d i l a p a n g a n . [ 3 ] P e n e r b i t a n , M . N a t s i r m e r i u i e a n g d a k w a h h i a l - k i t a b a h , y a i t u m e l a l u i t u l i s a n - t u l i s a n y a n g d i o r g a n i s i o l e h D D I I m u l a i d a r i p r o s u s , m a j a l s t h , h i n g g a b u k u - b u k u d a n t u j u a n n y a a d a l a h m e m b e r i k a n i n f o r m a s i k e a g a m a n d a n s o s i a l k e m a s y a r a k a t a n k e p a d a m a s y a r a k a t s e c a r a l u a s , s u p a y a m e r e k a d a p a t m e m a h a m i a g a m a d a n p e r s o a l a n s o s i a l s e c a r a t e p a t . P e n e r b i t a n n y a d i k e r j a k a n d i k o m p l e k s e c r e t a r i a t D D I I , j a l a n K r a m a t R a y a N o . 4 5 J a k a r t a

" Thohir Luth, op.cit, him. 57-58


G e r a k a n D a k w a h M . N a t s i r l e w a t D D I ! 27

P u s a t , y a n g b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n e n a m h a l , y a i t u [ 1 ] M a j a l a h s e r i a l M e d i a D a k w a h y a n g d i t e r b i t k a n s e b a g a i k o s u m s i g o l o n g a n t e t p e l a j a r d a n m e n e n g a h , [ 2 ] M a j a l a h s u a r a m a s j i d y a n g i s i n y a l e b i h d i f o k u s k a n u n t u k k o n s u m s i m a y a r a k a t a w a m y a n g b e r k e n a a n t e n t a n g t a f s i r , h a d i t s , d a n I a i n - l a i n , [ 3 ] S e r i a l K h u t b a h j u m ' a t m e m u a t b a h a n - b a h a n k h u t b a h j u m ' a t u n t u k p a r a d a i d a n m a s y a r a k a t l u a s , [ 4 ] M a j a l a h s a h a b a t , b a c a a n a g a m a d a n b i m b i n g a n u n t u k a n a k - a n a k d a l a m m e m b e n t u k a n a k s h a l e h , [ 5 ] B u l e t i n D a k w a h , t e r b i t s e t i a p h a r i j u m ' a t , d a n [ 6 ] T a b l o i d A s -S a l a m y a n g i s i n y a m e n y a n g k u t p e r s o a l a n k e a g a m a a n d a n l a p o r s m k e g i a t a n s o s i a l k e a g a m a a n . '

P e r a n M . N a t s i r s a n g a t b e s a r d a n k o n s e n d i D D I I h i n g g a w a f a t . B a h k a n l e w a t d i D D I I i n i l a h M . N a t s i r m e n j a d i t e r k e n a l , b a i k d i k a n c a h N a s i o n a l m a u p u n d i k a n e a I n t e m a s i o z i l . K a r e n a m e n u r u t H e r r y M o h a m m a d b a h w a D D I I t e m p a t m e d e m j u a n g n y a d a n l e w a t D D I I i n i l a h M . N a t s i r m e n d u d u k i j a b a t a n d i b e r b a g a i o r g a n i s a s i I s l a m d u n i a , s e p e r t i W o r l d M u s l i m C o n g r e s s , R a b i t a h A l a m I s l a m y , a n g g o t a D e w a n M a s j i d S e d u n i a , m e n d i d i k c a l o n - c a l o n j u r u d a k w a h , d a n m e n g i r i m k a n n y a k e s e l u r u h p e l o s o k I n d o n e s i a , s e r t a l a h i m y a b e r b a g a i k a r y a M . N a t s i r t a k t e r h i n g g a b i l a n g a n n y a , r a t u s a n m a s j i d d a n r i b u a n u s t a d t e l a h d i k a d e m y a . D a n s e m a n g a t n y a h a n y a s a t u , a p i I s l a m t a k b o l e h p a d a m . " * '

2 . D D I I S e p e n i n g g a l a n M . N a t s i r S e j a k t a h u n 1 9 6 7 h i n g g a 1 9 9 3 , M . N a t s i r b e r k i p r a h d i D e w a i i D a k w a h I s l a m i y a h . B e r a r t i M . N a t s i r s e l a m a 2 6 t a h u n m e m i m p i n D D I I d a n s e p e n i n g g a n y a M . N a t s i r [ 1 9 0 8 - 1 9 9 3 1 , D D I ! t e t a p b e r k e m b a n g h i n g g a k i n i . K e m u d i a n k e t u a D D I I Pa . s ca M . N a t s i r

*" Thohir l.uth, op.cii, htm. .58-61, lihat juga, Moch. I.ukinan I atahullah Rais, M o h a m m a d Natsir Pemamdu /ywu/, {Jakarta; Bulan Bintang, 19891. cet. 1. him. 16-17

Herry Mohammad, Tokoh-tokoh I s l a m Y a n g Berpengaruh A had 2 0 , {Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2008}, cet. 2, him. 52



d i t e r u s k a n o l e h A n w a r H a r y o n o . B a h k a n i a m e n y a t a k a n b a h w a s e g i p e m b i n a a n i n t e r n u m a t , D D I I t e l a h m e m b u k t i k a n a m a l n y a t a a t a u d a k w a h h i a l - h a l b e r u p a p e n d i r i n a n t e m p a t - t e m p a t i b a d a h [ m a s j i d a t a u m u s h a l a ] , b a i k d i t e m p a t - t e m p a t u m u m , k a m p u s , p e m u k i m a n t r a n s m i g r a s i , k o m p l e k s r u m a h - r u m a h s a k i t , d a e r a h s u k u t e r a s i n g , k o m p l e k s l e m b a g a p e m a s y a r a k a t a n , m a u p u n d i t e m p a t - t e m p a t I a n . D D I I j u g a m e m b a n t u p e n g a d a a n r u m a h s a k i t I s l a m , I s l a m i c C e n t r e , l o e a l - l o k a l p e l a j a r , p o n d o k p e s a n t r e n , a s r a m a r u m a h a n a k y a t i m , d a n I a i n - l a i n y a n g t e r s e b a r d i b e r b a g a i d a e r a h d i s e l u r u h t a n a h a i r . ^ ^

D. Penulup D a l a m b a g i a n p e n u t u p i n i , d a p a t d i s i m p u l k a n b a h w a M . N a t s i r

s e b a g a i s o s o k m u j a h i d d a k w a h y a n g t a k p e m a h l e l a h d a l a m b e r d a k w a h , b a i k s e g a l i m e n j a d i P e r d a n a M e n t r i R I , K e t u a P a r t a i M a s y u m i , m a u p u n K e t u a D D I I h i n g g a f a w a t n y a . L e w a t D D I I i n i M . N a t s i r m e n g e m b a n g k a n s a y a p n y a u n t u k m e n g e m b a n g k a n k e m a j u a n u m a t I s l a m , b a i k d i b i d a n g p o l i t i k , e k o n o m i , p e n d i d i k a n , m a u p i m d a k w a h .

D a k w a h y a n g d i k e m b a n g k a n d i D D I I a d a l a h m o d e l R a s u l u l l a h S a w . Y a n g b e r d a s a r k a n A l - Q u r ' a n d a n S u n n a h R a s u l . D i s a m p i n g i t u , D D I I j u g a m e n g e m b a n g k a n g e r a k a n d a k w a h l e w a t p o l i t i k , p e n d i d i k a n , p e m e r i n t a h , m a u p i m s o s i a l , d a n t e r m a s u k j u g a l e w a t p e n e r b i t a n b u k u -b u k u , m a j a l a h , d a n s e b a g a i n y a . K i n i D D I I m a s i h t e t a p e k s i s s e j a k M . N a t s i r , A n w a r H e i r y o n o , U m a r H u s a i n , d a n A d i a n H u s a i n i .

*̂ Thohir Luth, o p . c i t , him. 59



D A F T A R P U S T A K A A l w i S h i h a b , Membendung Arus Respon G e r a k a n M u h a m m a d i y a h

T e r h a d a p Pnenetrasi M i s i Kristen di I n d o n e s i a , { B a n d u n g : M i z a n . 1 9 9 8 } , c e t . 1

L u k m a n H a k i e m , 1 0 0 T a h u n M o h a m m a d Natsir B e r d a m a i D e n g a n S e j a r a h , { J a k a r t a : R e p u b l i k a , 2 0 0 8 } , c e t . 1

H a s b u l l a h N a k r y , Suatu Perbandingan M e n g e n a i P e n y i a r a n Kristen dan I s l a m , { J a k a r t a : B u l a n B i n t a n g , 1 9 7 9 } , c e t . 1

H e r r y M o h a m m a d , Tokoh-tokoh I s l a m Y a n g Berpengaruh Abd 2 0 , { J a k a r t a : G e m a I n s a n i P r e s s , 2 0 0 8 } , c e t . 2

M . N a t s i r , F i q h u d D a ' w a h , { J a k a r t a : M e d i a D a k w a h , 2 0 0 8 } , c e t . 1 3 M o c h . L u k m a n F a t a h u l l a h R a i s , e t . a l , M o h a m m a d Natsir Pemandu

U m a t , { J a k a r t a : B u l a n B i n t a n g , 1 9 8 9 } , c e t . 1 S y a m s u d d u h a , Penyebaran dan Perkembangan I s l a m , K a t o l i k , dan

Protestan di I n d o n e s i a , { S u r a b a y a : U s a h a N a s i o n a l , 1 9 8 7 } , c e t . 2

T h o h i r L u t h , M. Natsir D a k w a h dan P e m i k i r a n n y a , { J a k a r t a : G e m a I n s a n i P r e s s , 1 9 9 9 } , c e t . 1

T h o m a s W . A r n o l d , S e j a r a h D a k w a h I s l a m , { J a k a r t a : W i d j a y a , 1 9 8 1 } , c e t . 2


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DAFTAR ISIrepository.uinbanten.ac.id/1876/1/Adzikra Vol 03 No 02.pdf · 2018. 3. 5. · Fushshilat [41]: 33-36. Bahkan Thohir Luth menegaskan bahwa ayat-ayat tersebut, merupakan landasan