III. Phng php truyn d liu qua giao thc ip v ng dng ca ip trong
mng internet
ti: Cch nh a ch ip trong mng internet v GSMGio vin: V Th QunhHc
sinh:Bi Vit DngNguyn Vn Minh Vn Hpo Vn Oanh1. Khi nim IPa ch
IP(Internet Protocol-giao thc internet): l mta ch n nht c chiu di
32 bit (IPv4) hoc 128 bit (IPv6)m nhng thit b in t hin nay ang s
dng nhn din v lin lc vi nhau trnmng my tnh bng cch s dnggiao thc
internet
Trn Internet th a ch IP ca mi ngi l duy nht v n s i din cho chnh
ngi , a ch IP c s dng bi cc my tnh khc nhau nhn bit cc my tnh kt ni
gia chng. 1. Khi nim IPa ch IP c th l a chnghoctnh.a ch IP ng c cp
tm cho my bn mi ln n cn truy cp mng.
a ch IP tnh c nh, khng thay i.
1. Khi nim IP 2. Cu trc a ch ip2.1, Thnh phn v hnh dng ca
ip.
Bt 1..32 Bt nh phn dng lp ( class bit) a ch ca mng ( Net ID) a
ch ca my ch ( Host ID)
Note: Tn a ch my ch nhng thc t khng ch my ch m tt c my
con(Workstaion), cc cng truy nhpu cn c a ch.2.1.1. a ch Internet
biu hin dng bit nh phn:
x y x y x y x y. x y x y x y x y. x y x y x y x y. x y x y x y x
yx, y = 0 hoc 1.
V d:0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0. 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1. 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0. 1 1 1 0 0
0 0 0bit nh phn Octet 1 Octet 2 Octet 3 Octet 4
2.1.2 a ch Internet biu hin dng thp phn: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxx l s
thp phn t 0 n 9V d: 146. 123. 110. 224Dng vit y ca a ch IP l 3 con
s trong tng Octet. V d: a ch IP thng thy trn thc t c th l
53.143.10.2 nhng dng y l 053.143.010.002.2.2 Cch phn lp a ch IP
Bit nhn dng l nhng bit u tin - ca lp A l 0, ca lp B l 10, ca lp
C l 110.Lp D c 4 bit u tin nhn dng l 1110, cn lp E c 5 bt u tin nhn
dng l 11110.a ch lp A: a ch mng t v a ch my ch trn tng mng nhiu.a
ch lp B: a ch mng va phi v a ch my ch trn tng mng va phi.a ch lp C:
a ch mng nhiu, a ch my ch trn tng mng t.2.2.1a ch lp ATng qut
chung:Bit th nht l bit nhn dng lp A = 0.7 bit cn li trong Octet th
nht dnh cho a ch mng.3 Octet cn li c 24 bit dnh cho a ch ca my
Ch.
- net id: 126 mng- host id:16.777.214 my ch trn mt mng2.2.1 a ch
lp A a, a ch mng (Net ID)1/ Kh nng phn a ch
Khi m s bit chng ta m t tri qua phi, nhng khi tnh gi tr thp phn
2n ca bit li tnh t phi qua tri, bt u t bit 0. Octet th nht dnh cho
a ch mng, bit 7 = 0 l bit nhn dng lp A. 7 bit cn li t bit 0 n bit 6
dnh cho a ch mng ( 2 7 ) = 128. Nhng trn thc t a ch khi tt c cc bit
bng 0 hoc bng 1 u khng phn cho mng. Khi gi tr cc bit u bng 0, gi tr
thp phn 0 l khng c ngha, cn a ch l 127 khi cc bit u bng 1 dng thng
bo ni b, nn trn thc t cn li 126 mng.
2.2.2 Cch tnh a ch mng lp A.
S th t Bit (n)- tnh t phi qua tri: 6 5 4 3 2 1 0Gi tr nh phn (0
hay 1) ca Bit: x x x x x x xGi tr thp phn tng ng khi gi tr bit = 1
s l 2 nGi tr thp phn tng ng khi gi tr bit = 0 khng tnh.Gi tr thp
phn ln nht khi gi tr ca 7 bit u bng 1 l 127Nh vy kh nng phn a ch ca
lp A cho 126 mng b, a ch ca cc my ch trn mt mng
a ch lp A- Kh nng phn a chBa Octet sau gm 24 bit c tnh t bit 0 n
bit 23 dnh cho a ch my ch trn tng mng
- Vi cch tnh nh trn, c tng s my ch trn mt mng ta c.
a ch khi cc bit u bng 0 hay bng 1 b ra. Trn thc t cn li 224-2 =
16 777 214Nh vy kh nng phn a ch cho 16 777 214 my ch.
112.2.3 a ch lp BTng qut chung:2 bit u tin nhn dng lp B l 1 v
0.14 bit cn li trong 2 Octet u tin dnh cho a ch mng.2 Octet cn li
gm 16 bit dnh cho a ch my Ch.
- net id: 16.382 mng- host id: 65.534 my ch trn mt mnga, a ch
mng1/ Kh nng phn a cha ch lp B
Hai Octet u tin c 16 bit phn cho a ch mng, 2 bit ( bit 1 v bit 2
) k t tri sang c gi tr ln lt l 1 v 0 dng nhn dng a ch lp B. Nh vy
cn li 14 bit cho Net ID - a ch mng.
Tng t nh a ch Lp A, cc bit u bng 0 v cc bit u bng 1 c b ra, nn
thc t gi tr thp phn ch t 1 n 16 382 c ngha phn c cho 16 382 mnga ch
lp BB,a ch cc my ch trn mt mng1 / Kh nng phn a chOctet 3 v 4 gm 16
bit dnh cho a ch ca cc my ch trn tng mng
a ch ca cc bit bng 0 v bng 1 b ra, Kh nng thc t cn li 65534 a ch
( 216 - 2) phn cho cc my ch trn mt mng.2.2.4 a ch lp C Tng qut
chung: 3 bit u tin nhn dng lp C l 1,1,0. 21 bit cn li trong 3 Octet
u dnh cho a ch mng. Octet cui cng c 8 bit dnh cho a ch my ch.
- net id: 2.097.150 mng- host id: 254 mych/1 mnga ch lp C A,a ch
mng1/ Kh nng phn a ch21 bit cn li ca 3 Octet u dnh cho a ch mngCc
bit u bng 0 hay bng 1 khng phn, nn kh nng phn a ch cho mng lp C l 2
097 150 hoc bng 221 - 2.a ch lp C B, a ch my ch trn tng mng1/ Kh
nng phn a chOctet 4 c 8 bit phn a ch cho cc my ch trn mt mng.
Nh vy kh nng cho my ch trn tng mng ca a ch lp C l 2.2.5 a ch mng
con ca Internet (IP subnetting):Phng php phn chia a ch mng con:Gm 2
phng php: - Default Mask - Subnet Mask
Default Mask:(Gi tr trn a ch mng) c nh ngha trc cho tng lp a ch
A,B,C. Thc cht l gi tr thp phn cao nht (khi tt c 8 bit u bng 1)
trong cc Octet dnh cho a ch mng - Net ID.
Default Mask:
Lp A 255.0.0.0
Lp B 255.255.0.0
Lp C 255.255.255.0
Subnet Mask:( gi tr trn ca tng mng con)
- Subnet Mask l kt hp ca Default Mask vi gi tr thp phn cao nht
ca cc bit ly t cc Octet ca a ch my ch sang phn a ch mng to a ch mng
con.
- Subnet Mask bao gi cng i km vi a ch mng tiu chun cho ngi c bit
a ch mng tiu chun ny dng c cho 254 my ch hay chia ra thnh cc mng
con. Mt khc n cn gip Router trong vic nh tuyn cuc gi.
a ch mng con ca Internet (IP subnetting):2.2.6 Nguyn tc phn chia
a ch mng con Ly bt mt s bit ca phn a ch my ch to a ch mng con.Ly i
bao nhiu bit ph thuc vo s mng con cn thit (Subnet mask) m nh khai
thc mng quyt nh s to ra. NOTE : V a ch lp A v B u ht, hn na hin ti
mng Internet ca Tng cng ty do VDC qun l ang c phn 8 a ch mng lp C
nn chng ta s nghin cu k phn chia a ch mng con lp C.1, a ch mng con
ca a ch lp CClass c:
a ch lp C c 3 octet cho a ch mng v 1 octet cui cho a ch my ch v
vy ch c 8 bit l thuyt to mng con, thc t nu dng 1 bit m mng con v 7
bit cho a ch my ch th vn ch l mt mng v ngc li 7 bit cho mng v 1 bit
cho a ch my ch th mt mng ch c mt my, nh vy khng logic, t nht phi
dng 2 bit m rng a ch v 2 bit cho a ch my ch trn tng mng2, a ch mng
con t a ch lp B
Class B:
Default Mask ca lp B l 255.255.0.0 Net ID - Khi phn a ch mng con
s dng Octet 3a ch lp B c 2 Octet th 3 v th 4 dnh cho a ch my ch nn
v nguyn l c th ly c c 16 bit to a ch mng . Nu t mt a ch mng c NIC
phn chng ta nh m rng ln 254 mng v mi mng s c 254 my ch. Trng hp ny
s ly ht 8 bit ca octet th 3 b sung vo a ch mng v ch cn li 8 bit thc
t cho a ch my ch, theo cch tnh s thp phn 2n gi tr ca 8 bit nh nu
phn lp C3. Phng php truyn d liu qua giao thc ip v ng dng ca ip
trong mng internetHot ng tng mng ca m hnh OSI hay l tng internet ca
m hnh TCP/IP
3.1. Giao thc ipDatagrampacketGiao thc IP cung cp mt dch v gi d
liu khng m bo (cn gi l c gng cao nht), ngha l n hu nh khng m bo g v
gi d liu3.1. Giao thc ipl giao thc hng d liu c s dng bi cc my ch
ngun v ch truyn d liu trong mt lin mng chuyn mch gi
Ni chuyn gi, hay n gin hn chuyn gi, (Anh ng: packet switching),
c ni cn gi l ni chuyn khung hay chuyn khung, l mt loi k thut gi d
liu t my tnh ngun ti ni nhn (my tnh ch) qua mng dng mt loi giao thc
tho mn 3 iu kin sau:3.2. Chuyn mch giD liu cn vn chuyn c chia nh ra
thnh cc gi (hay khung) c kch thc (size) v nh dng (format) xc nh.Mi
gi nh vy s c chuyn ring r v c th n ni nhn bng cc ng truyn (route)
khc nhau. Nh vy, chng c th dch chuyn trong cng thi im.Khi ton b cc
gi d liu n ni nhn th chng s c hp li thnh d liu ban u.3.2. Chuyn mch
gi3.2. Chuyn mch gi
Mi gi d liu c kch thc c nh ngha t trc (i vi giao thc TCP/IP th
kch thc ti a ca n l 1500 bytes) v thng bao gm 3 phn:Phn mo u
(header): cha a ch my gi, a ch my nhn v cc thng tin v loi giao thc
s dng v s th t ca gi.Phn ti d liu (data hay payload): l mt trong
nhng on d liu gc c ct nh.Phn ui (trailer): bao gm tn hiu kt thc gi
v thng tin sa li d liu (data correction).
3.2. Chuyn mch gic im:-Khng cn phi hon tt mt mch lin tc ni t my
gi n my nhn-Trong trng hp tc nghn hay s c, cc gi d liu c th trung
chuyn bng con ng thng qua cc my tnh trung gian khc-K thut ny cho
php ni gn nh vi s lng bt k cc my tnh3.2. Chuyn mch gic im:-D liu vn
chuyn bng cc gi s tit kim thi gian hn l vic gi trn vn mt d liu c
ln-Trong mng phc tp th vic vn chuyn s khng cn (v cng khng th) bit
trc c cc gi d liu s c chuyn theo ng no3.2. Chuyn mch ging dng d thy
nht ca ip trong internet chnh l lm a ch cho tng thit b truy cp mng
internet.Mi thit thit b truy cp internet s c mt a ch ip gi l ip
public v n l duy nht.Nh a ch ip ny m cc my tnh trong mng c th tm v
kt ni c vi nhau.3.3. ng dngCc tn min hay my ch cng s dng ip gip cc
my tnh khc c th truy cp internetV d: Trang ch ca google c a ch ip l
http://113.171.18.93/Trang ch ca facebook c a ch ip l
http://173.252.100.26/
3.3. ng dngPhn 4: a ch IP trong mng GSM1) Tng quan.Ngy nay vi s
pht trin ca x hi, vic gi thng tin bng thit b di ng ngy cng tng.
Nhng mang GSM thit ch yu ch truyn tn hiu thoi. nhu cu mi mng di ng
cn p ng nh cc dch v d liu (gi nhn E-mails, WWW) hay truy cp WAP trn
nn mng IP (nh mng Internet).v tc d liu qu chm, thi gian kt ni lu v
phc tp. Hn na chi ph th t v GSM da trn chuyn mch knh GSM khng th p
ng c. V giao din v tuyn, mt knh lu lng ch cp c cho mt user trong
ton b thi gian cuc gi, nn vic s dng ti nguyn v tuyn khng hiu qu.Dch
v v tuyn gi a nng (GPRS - General Packet Radio Service) ra i.
6/4/201536NI DUNG1: GPRS-Gii php s liu gi cho mng GSM2: Gii php
cho mng ng trc GPRS3: Chuyn vng trong GPRS4: Giao thc Mobile IP5:
Trin khai Mobile IP trn mng GPRSKt lun6/4/201537Chuyn mch giThi
gian thit lp kt ni nhanhTc ti a: 171,2kb/s (8TS)S dng hiu qu ti
nguyn v tuynS dng giao thc InternetCho php kt ni vi nhiu h thng
khcTnh cc theo dung lng d liu truyn dnC TRNG CA H THNG GPRS37(IP l
giao thc c s dng ph bin nht hin nay; hin h tr giao thc IP l xu hng
tt yu kt ni cc mng).6/4/201538KIN TRC MNG GPRS
MTMS
ng trc GPRSMng s liu gi PDN(Internet, Intranet)Bo hiuBo hiu v s
liu Nng cp phn mm cho GPRSNng cp phn cng v phn mm cho
GPRSUmAbisAGbGsGnGrMAP
BTSBSCPCUGMSCMSC/VLRSGSNHLR,AUCGGSNGcTEPCU : Packet Control
UnitSGSN : Servicing GPRS Support NodeGGSN : Gateway GPRS Support
Node38Vi mc tiu trin khai nhanh dch v s liu gi trn mng GSM vi chi
ph u vo thp, cc phn t hin hin hu ca mng GSM ch cn nng cp v phn mm.
Ch c khi BSC phi nng cp v phn cng, l khi iu khin gi PCU.Hai nt mi c
b xung l: nt h tr GPRS dch v (SGSN) v nt h tr GPRS cng
(GGSN).6/4/201539CC PHN T MI C B XUNG Qun l di ng Qun l phin lm vic
Bo mt ng truyn v tuyn Chc nng VLR a ra thng tin v ccSGSN Phn b cc
knh v tuyn PDCH vchia x knh v tuyn gia GSM/GPRSPCU L cng kt ni vi
mng s liu Qun l phin lm vic nh x a ch a ra thng tin v ccGGSN
Firewall v BorderGateway39SGSN thc hin gim st mi thu bao trong vng
phc v ca n (ging nh MSC trong GSM).(Bo mt ng truyn v tuyn bng cc th
tc nhn thc v m ho)SGSN cn c chc nng tng tc dch v vi MSC/VLR (mode
I): Cp nht RA/LA kt hp,Cng tc trong vic tm gi,SMS qua SGSN,(GGSN c
bng nh x a ch (IP addr. IMSI) cho tt c cc thu bao kt ni vi mng s
liu - tm ra SGSN no ang phc v MS, bng cch truy xut ti HLR(IMSI); s
dng trong trng hp truyn s liu kt cui MS).6/4/201540NGN XP GIAO THC
TRONG GPRSng dngIP / X.25SNDCPLLCGSM RFRLC
MACGSM RFRLC
MACFrame RelayBSSGPRelaySNDCPLLCFrame RelayBSSGPGTPUDP / TCPL 1L
2IPRelayIP / X.25GTPUDP / TCPL 1L 2IPIP / X.25L 2
L 1
ng dngIP / X.25L 2
L 1
UmGbGnGiMS (my trm)BSSSGSNGGSNPDN(My ch)SNDCP: SubNetwork
Dependent RLC: Radio Link ControlBSSGP: BSS GPRS Protocol
Convergence ProtocolMAC: Media Access ControlGTP: GPRS Tunneling
ProtocolLLC: Logical Link ControlGSM RF: GSM Radio FrequencyL1, L2:
Lp 1 v lp 2 ca m hnh OSI
40GPRS nh ngha thm mt s giao thc mi cho vic truyn dn cc gi d
liu. C th: FrameRelay c s dng trn giao din Gb, IP c s dng trn mng
ng trc (Gn)6/4/201541QUN L DI NGLin kt GPRSMng GPRSQun l v tr thu
bao GPRSCp nht cellCp nht RACp nht RA/LA kt hp
MT
TE41Qun l phin lm vic bao gm: lin kt MS vi h thng GPRS v cp nht
v tr cho cc thu bao GPRS.Sau khi lin kt vi h thng GPRS, MS c th gi
v nhn cc bn tin nhn SMS.(c thc hin ti SGSN)(Cp nht v tr): MS l i
tng quyt nh vic chuyn knh (chuyn , chuyn giao, chuyn vng).[TE khng
nhn bit c s di chuyn (micro-mobility) ca MT-trong cng mt mng; Nu di
chuyn gia cc mng, TE s nhn bit c s dch chuyn (macro-mobility), th
hin l TE phi thay i a ch IP. Nu h tr Mobile IP, cc ng dng vn hot ng
ging nh khi TE khng di chuyn]
6/4/201542QUN L PHIN LM VICKch hot giao thc s liu gi (PDP)Mng
GPRSSa i PDP Context: Thay i QoSTo 1 PDP Context (cha a ch IP ca
MS, QoS,), c lu ti MS, SGSN v GGSNTo lin kt logic gia MS vi PDNPDN
1PDN 2
MT
TE42Sau khi lin kt vi h thng GPRS, c th trao i d liu vi mng s
liu (PDN, xc nh bi APN), MS phi thc hin th tc kch hot giao thc s
liu gi (PDP): Kt qu ca th tc ny s to ra mt PDP context (cha cc thng
tin nh: a ch IP ca MS, QoS,), c lu ti MS, SGSN v GGSN; v to mt lin
kt logic gia MS v PDN. Xt t gc ngi dng, vic kch hot giao thc s liu
gi tng ng vi vic ng nhp (login) vo mng s liu.Th tc sa i giao thc s
liu gi (thay i QoS) thng c yu cu bi mng.6/4/201543KT NI VI CC MNG
IPGbGpBSC
BTS
Radius DHCP DNS
BSC
BTS
Firewall
FirewallInternetMS chuyn vngBSSMng truy nhpMng dch vPLMN BPLMN
ARadius DHCP DNS
MT
TEng trc GPRSSGSNGGSNBGng trc GPRSSGSNGGSNBGRRRMng IP
Mng IP
RRR
43Nhn t mng ngoi, mng GPRS chng ging nh bt k mng IP
khc6/4/2015441: GPRS-Gii php s liu gi cho mng GSM2: Gii php cho mng
ng trc GPRS3: Chuyn vng trong GPRS4: Giao thc Mobile IP5: Trin khai
Mobile IP trn mng GPRSKt lunTIP THEO
6/4/201545MNG NG TRC GPRS (1/2)
ng trc IP a dch vng trc IP a dch vng trc
FRSGSNGGSNSGSNGGSNBSCPCU
BTS
SS7MSC/VLRHLRHLRMng GPRS khcMng LAN qun lGbGbGnGnGiGpGiGs Gr
GdA
BTS
BTS
BTSBSCPCUDNSNTPCGwPXMPDN 1( ISP )PDN 2( LAN )456/4/201546MNG NG
TRC GPRS (2/2)Gb: FrameRelayKt ni trc tip im-im Mng chuyn tip khung
Gn, Gi, Gp: IP/PPP, IP/FR, IP/ATM, hoc IP/EthernetIP trn tt c cc
giao din
46Mng ng trc GPRS c bn giao din c bn l Gb, Gn, Gi v Gp. Gii php
khuyn gh v c la chn cho giao din Gb l da trn h thng chuyn tip
khung, c th thc hin bng cc kt ni im-im hoc thng qua mt mng chuyn
tip khung. Cc giao din cn li u s dng kt ni IP trn c s h tng mng
Ethernet, Frame Relay hay ATM. Gii php s dng IP trn tt c cc giao
din c a ra bi mt s hng (e.g: Ericsson), tuy nhin ch c th s dng c
trong tng laiDo thi gian c hn nn cc m hnh kt ni s khng c trnh
by.6/4/2015471: GPRS-Gii php s liu gi cho mng GSM2: Gii php cho mng
ng trc GPRS3: Chuyn vng trong GPRS4: Giao thc Mobile IP5: Trin khai
Mobile IP trn mng GPRSKt lunTIP THEO
6/4/201548Kt ni qua VSGSN v HGGSNTng tc SGSN HLRKt ni vi ng trc
lin mng (Inter-PLMN) v qun l a chCng truy nhp bin (BG-Border
Gateway)Trao i d liu DNS gia cc PLMNs v vi my ch DNS gc .gprsKt ni
qua VSSN v VGGSNTng tc SGSN HLRPhn b a ch IP ng cho thu baoCh s dng
mng ng trc GPRS ni b (Intra-PLMN)Khng yu cu BG v qun l a ch
CC TRNG HP CHUYN VNG GPRS
48Mt mng GPRS phi c kh nng h tr hai trng hp chuyn vng sau: Cn lu
rng, trong mi trng roaming, kiu giao thc s liu gi bt buc phi l IP
(khng th l X.25). 6/4/201549Kt ni trc tipTunnel qua mng IP cng
cngCc ng thu ring trc tipMng ring o (VPN)
Mng chuyn vng GPRS Ch cn mt kt ni logic vi GRX cc b l c th l c
th cung cp dch v chuyn vng vi bt k nh khai thc no khcKt ni n gin,
phm vi chuyn vng rng
Qun l a ch IP KT NI TRONG MNG NG TRC INTER-PLMN
49ng trc lin mng cho php thu bao chuyn vng c th s dng cc dch v
trn mng gc hoc thng qua mng gc.ng trc lin mng c th c to bi cc kt ni
trc tip gia hai nh khai thc hoc thng qua mng chuyn vng GPRS. Kt ni
trc tip gia cc nh khai thc ch kh thi khi s lng cc thnh vin tham gia
l nh. Do vy, gii php ny ch mng tnh tm thi v thng c s dng trong giai
on u khi trin khai mng GPRS.Xu hng l mi nh khai thc c th kt ni vi
bt k nh khai thc no khc tham gia vo h thng chuyn vng quc t, chnh l
mng chuyn vng GPRS.Chng ny cng cp n vn qun l v v phn b a ch IP: cc
phn t trn mng ng trc tham gia vo tin trnh roaming yu cu phi c gn a
ch IP cng cng. Cc thit b di ng ca ngi dng, nu s dng cc dch v thng
qua mng khch, yu cu phi c gn a ch IP ng. Tu theo loi hnh dch v yu
cu, cc thit b ny c th c cp a ch IP cng cng hoc a ch IP dng ring.
6/4/2015501: GPRS-Gii php s liu gi cho mng GSM2: Gii php cho mng ng
trc GPRS3: Chuyn vng trong GPRS4: Giao thc Mobile IP5: Trin khai
Mobile IP trn mng GPRSKt lunTIP THEO
6/4/201551Mi a ch IP xc nh duy nht mt im lin kt vi Internet nhn
c cc gi tin, trm di ng (MN) phi nm trn mng xc nh trong a ch IP ca
nNu MN chuyn n mng khch, cc gi tin gi cho MN vn c chuyn n mng gc; c
th trao i thng tin, MN phi c cu hnh a ch mi.GII THIU
Thay i a ch IPCc kt ni bn trn lp IP s b hu bTrm khc khng bit a
ch mi ca MNMng BMng CRRouterMng AInternet
MNRA1 (Home Address)A2 (Care-Of Address)a ch A1
RR51(Enter) Gii php m Mobile IP a ra l cp cho MN mt a ch ph, gi
l a ch care-of (COA) mi khi chuyn n mt mng mi khng phi mng gc; V MN
phi ng k a ch ny vi mt i l trn mng gc, gi l i l gc
(HA).6/4/201552MN vn gi nguyn a ch IP (Home Address) d thay i im
lin kt vi Internet. MN lun c nhn dng bi a ch ny.MN c cp thm mt a ch
ph (COA: Care-Of Address) mi khi chuyn n mng mi khng phi l mng gc
ca n.S di ng ca MN hon ton trong sut i vi cc lp trn lp IP; Ngha l
cc ng dng hot ng nh khi MN khng di chuyn.L giao thc da trn IP,
Mobile IP c th c trin khai trn bt k mng truy nhp no, bao gm c mng
hu tuyn v mng v tuyn.Cc phin bn Mobile IPPhin bn 4 (RFC 2002)Phin
bn 6 (tip tc c chun ho)C TRNG CA MOBILE IP
6/4/201553Pht hin i lMN nhn cc bn tin qung co i l theo nh k hoc
trc tip gi i yu cu tm kim i lMN pht hin s dch chuyn v nhn COAng k
vi i l gc (HA)MN ng k COA vi HANhn thc v cp nht lin kt ti
HATunneling (IP-in-IP, MHE, GRE)nh tuyn tam gicTi u ho ng i (b xung
vo giao thc IPv4)MOBILE IPv4 [RFC 2002]
533 k thut c bn c s dng trong Mobile IPv4, l: Ngoi ra, giao thc
Mobile IPv6 cng c gii thiu vi mc ch tm hiu v so snh vi giao thc
Mobile IPv6 (Khi m IPv6 cn cha c trin khai v Mobile IPv6 cn cha c
hon thin ang c tip tc chun ho).
6/4/201554MN pht hin s dch chuyn v nhn COAMN ng k COA vi HANH
TUYN TRONG MOBILE IPv4Mng A
Mng BMng CMNCNMN: Mobile NodeCOA: Care-Of AddressHA: Home
AgentCN: Correspondent NodeFA : Foreign AgentR1HAInternet
R2R3 Gi tin gi cho MN c chuyn n mng gc A. HA nhn gi tin, ng gi v
chuyn ti COA ca MN. T MN, cc gi tin c chuyn trc tip ti CN.
6/4/2015551: GPRS-Gii php s liu gi cho mng GSM2: Gii php cho mng
ng trc GPRS3: Chuyn vng trong GPRS4: Giao thc Mobile IP5: Trin khai
Mobile IP trn mng GPRSKt lunTIP THEO
55Chng ny s gii thiu v cch trin khai Mobile IPv4 trn mng GPRS.
6/4/201556CC BC TRIN KHAIBc 1: H tr dch v Mobile IPTch hp chc nng
FA vo chc nng GGSN (GFA)B sung nt thc hin chc nng HAB sung my ch
AAA (RADIUS)S dng chui APN = MIPv4FAMN s dng COA v FABc 2: Ti u ho
ng iCi t mt b nh thi ti GGSN/FA m cc gi tin v duy tr kt ni trong mt
khong thi gian nht nh
6/4/201557KIN TRC MNG GPRS H TR MOBILE IP
ng trc GPRSMng
IPBGSGSNfirewallGGSNHAInternetSGSNGGSNAAAGpHLR,EIRBSSBSSBG : Border
GatewayR : RouterHA : Home AgentFA : Foreign
AgentHABTS/BSCMAPBTS/BSCGbGGSNFA
SGSNBTS/BSCRAAAHAMng GPRS khc
MT
TE6/4/201558TH TC NG K MOBILE IP TRONG GPRS
1. Lnh AT (APN) TEMTSGSNGGSN/FAHA3. Yu cu kt ni(APN=MIPv4FA)2.
Yu cu kch hotgiao thc s liu gi(APN=MIPv4FA)4. Tr li kt ni(a ch
IP=)5. ng kch hotgiao thc s liu gi(a ch IP=)6. Qung co i l7. Yu cu
ng k vi HA8. Yu cu ng k9. Tr li ng k10. Tr li ng k
Chn GGSN thch hpLy a ch gc ca TE6/4/201559TIP THEO1: GPRS-Gii
php s liu gi cho mng GSM2: Gii php cho mng ng trc GPRS3: Chuyn vng
trong GPRS4: Giao thc Mobile IP5: Trin khai Mobile IP trn mng
GPRSKt lun6/4/201560u im ca h thngDch v s liu gi tc cao v dch v
InternetTrin khai nhanh vi phm vi ph sng rngS dng hiu qu ti nguyn v
tuynMobile IP cung cp kh nng chuyn vng vi chi ph thpVic trin khai
Mobile IP n gin, khng nh hng n kin trc h thng GPRSKT LUN
(1/5)6/4/201561u im ca h thng (tip)Cng vi cc kh nng dng IP hin c,
vic trin khai Mobile IP s cung cp gii php kt ni IP ton din cho h
thng GPRS
Cho php cc thit b Internet c th s dng c thng qua nhiu mng truy
nhp khc nhau, bao gm c hu tuyn v v tuyn.KT LUN (2/5)ng trc GPRSMng
IPGGSNSGSNng trc GPRSMng IPInternetBGGGSNFAPLMN APLMN
BRAAA(1)(2)HLR
ng trc Inter-PLMNSS7BGBG
MT
TEAAARSGSNHA6/4/201562KT LUN (3/5)Hn ch ca h thngDung lng cell
hn ch cho mi thu baoTc thc t thp hn nhiuGiao thc GPRS phc tpnh hng
ca mi trng v tuyn (li, tr, bo mt)Da trn IPv4 nn kh c th m bo QoS
theo yu cunh tuyn Mobile IPv4 cha ti uGiao thc IPv4 gii hn khng
gian a ch6/4/201563KT LUN (5/5)Hn ch ca lun vnCha c nh gi cht lng
dch v (QoS) ca h thng khi trin khai MobileIPng trc lin mng mi ch
xut cc gii php kt ni tng qutVn bo mt mng cha c cp chi titCh a ra
cch trin khai Mobile IPv4 trn mt mng t bo GPRSHng pht trin tip
theop dng trn cc mng GSM c th Vit Namnh gi QoS ca h thng khi trin
khai Mobile IPTrin khai Mobile IP trn cc h thng khc nh WLAN, UMTS,
v xy dng kin trc mng ti u, thng nht; tin ti cho php trin khai trn
bt k h thng no khcBo mt IP trn mi trng v tuyn63Kin trc mng Ti u:
-> what?:- Kin trc mng n gin, d trin khai- Hiu sut (e.g: tr) Gim
cc bn tin (thng tin) trn d tha -> gim ti trn mng (c bit y l mi
trng v tuyn), gim cc cho KH- Bo mt, phm vi ph sng (e.g: Mt FA qun l
bao nhiu thu bao hay phm vi no th ti u),- Cht lng dch v (QoS) : kin
trc mng, cch kt ni thit b nh hng n QoS (tr,). R dng khi b xung thm
cch chc nng (e.g Mobile IP hay Security) th QoS s b nh hng, vn l lm
th lm mc nh hng l t nhtng dngTruy cp internetKt ni vi thit b GPRS
khcGi Fax, emailNgoi ra cn c dng trong qun l v vn hnh trung tm iu
khin n chiu sng th.
S dng cng ngh truyn thng qua mng khng dy GSM/GPRS qun l v vn hnh
trung tm iu khin n chiu sng th.
u im: linh hot cao, c tnh cht tng tc cao, thun li cho vic hnh
thnh h thng m, gi thnh h.M hnh ca h thng
Mi t iu khin c mt a ch IP trong mng khng dy GSM/GPRS.Mi im sng c
mt a ch IP trong mng PLC t ng nhn a ch.y l cng ngh khng dy: D liu t
trung tm n cc t chiu sng trn mng theo chun TCP/IP6/4/201568NHM EM
XIN CHN THNH CM N THY C !
VSGSN
HGGSN
ng trc
Inter-PLMN
MS chuyn vng
BG
BG
PDN
( Internet,
Intranet )
VSGSN
VGGSN
ng trc
Intra-PLMN
MS chuyn vng
PDN
( Internet,
Intranet )
MUISTIO1 (1)
Matkapuhelinpalvelut17.11.2002
Markku Lamminluoto
Luottamuksellinen
Mng chuyn vng GPRS
Operator C
GRX
GRX
GRX
DNS
DNS
DNS
Operator A
Operator B
Operator D
Operator F
Operator E
Operator G
