Dasar Luar Malaysia-China Era Najib

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    Discuss the Relationship between Malaysia and China in the Era of

    Datuk Seri Najib

    Introduction

    Malaysia- a multicultural country that attained their independence in 1957- is a

    small country when compared to China; which is a ‘super’ country with its

    vigorous economic growth in such a sudden and short term. Malaysia shared

    relations with China or a!out "5 years. #rom 197$ until now% the relations o

    Malaysia and China is always in the position o multilateral relations &'!dul (a)a*

    +aginda% , 1 /. 0his relation !rings !ene t toward !oth China and Malaysia.

    Malaysia-China relationship is prosperous in many elds- such aseducation% !usiness% tourism% economic% and security. Malaysia and China have

    done much to sustain each other and orm protection to sta!ili)e the relationship

    !etween these two countries. 0hese two countries sta!ili)e the relationship

    !etween them through launching agreements.

    China% today% is seen as an ascending power. 0his is proven not only

    through the country’s rapid economic development% !ut also through its

    enhanced regional and glo!al roles% coupled with its military potential. Malaysiatoo* the regional lead; this caused policy de!ates !etween Malaysia and most o

    '23'4 mem!ers over the issue o China encroachment and also the uestion o

    regional security. 'lthough there is a rich and deep relationship !etween

    Malaysia and China% this paper will only ocus on 4a6i!’s era- which is Malaysia’s

    5 th prime minister. 0his paper will also shed some light on elements that had

    in uenced oreign policy decisions- such as internal and e8ternal actors.

    uring the th :rime Minister atu* 2eri 4a6i! era% he had done a lot tore ect the pro8imity !etween Malaysia and China. atu* 2eri 4a6i! had also done

    many re orms that show sta!ility and peace !etween the two nations. +y doing

    all these activities% our prime minister !rings a lot o !ene t towards our country-

    especially economically% politically and also socially. +esides that% in some

    incident or cases% this can re ect the strong relationship !etween Malaysia and

    China.

    1

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    2. Najib!s "olicy towards China

    2.# Malaysia$China "olitical Cooperation

    Malaysia- the rst '23'4 mem!er country to esta!lished diplomatic relations

    with China since 197$- is maintaining a positive relation in terms o politics%

    economy and society or as long as $, years .

    ' ter ato’ 2eri 4a6i! too* over as the prime minister in , 9% diplomatic

    ties and economic involvement !etween China-Malaysia have deepened even

    more; ato’ 2eri 4a6i! pointed out that much has !een achieved in the Malaysia-

    China relationship since his rst visit as :rime Minister to China in , 9 and the

    relationship has !een !olstered !y re uent e8changes o visit !y top leaders and

    senior o cials o the two countries. 0his is despite other nations assume that the

    relationship might rupture !y 2outh China 2ea territorial disputes and missing

    accident o M

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    economy and that the !iggest trade partner o Malaysia is China. 0his means

    that Malaysia needs to continue political diplomatic relations with China !ecause

    the a!ility to ac uire national wealth.

    Malaysia is geopolitically strategic that gives China the pivot it needs toe8pand their political economic in uence into 2outh 3ast 'sia. Malaysia is in

    main line o de ences to stop intrusion o Chinese power or the >nited 2tates.

    0his means that Malaysia is an important nation or China and >nited 2tates to

    solve con ict li*e territorial disputes. 0hus% ato’ 2eri 4a6i! avoids the

    implementation o a unilateral oreign policy; he tries to maintain or improve

    intimate simultaneous relations with >nited 2tates and China. An particular% :rime

    Minister ato’ 2eri 4a6i! continues to communicate with China !y using

    Anternational Brgani)ation li*e '23'4 or meetings and summits li*e Malaysia-

    China 2ummit or economic growth discussions and Malaysian government

    carries out active oreign policies such as accepting investment rom Chinese

    companies.

    2.2 Malaysia$China Econo%ic Cooperation

    , 1 mar*s the $, nd 'nniversary o Malaysia-China iplomatic relations.

    3conomic cooperation !etween !oth countries e8hi!ited strong growth over o last our decade. An a nutshell% while 0un '!dul (a)a* was responsi!le or the

    normali)ation o the relation !etween !oth countries. 3conomic relations evolved

    immensely under Malaysia’s ourth :rime Minister- Mahathir Mohammad- who

    had e8panded trade and tourism.

    +ilateral ties !etween Malaysia-China were urther consolidated when

    Malaysia’s si8th :rime Minister% ato’ 2eri 4a6i! signed 1 Mo>s &Memorandum

    o >nderstandings/ agreement with China in ?une , 9. itnessed !y ato’ 2eri

    4a6i! and Chinese :rime Minister en ?ia!ao% the agreement was considered as

    the rst agreement !etween Malaysia-China- called the DMalaysia-China ?oint

    'ction :lan on 2trategies CooperationE and the second is D'!olition o =isa

    'greementE. 0he nal Mo> was the DMalaysia-China :ostal 'greementE including

    the D'voidance o ou!le 0a8ation 'greementE% DMaritime 0ransport 'greementE%

    D+ilateral 0rade 'greementE% DAnvestment Fuarantee 'greementE and DCo-

    operations in 2cience and 0echnologyE which have !een implemented since

    , ,. &Gam :eng 3r% Hin Ia ing J Iang Mu% , 1"K ,$,-,$"/ 0he main motive is toenhance cooperation in production% !ilateral trade% economic% investment and

    "

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    actively encourage and support !ilateral investments. At also promotes the

    involvement within the private sectors and support cooperation !etween small-

    medium enterprises and service institutions.

    +esides that% '23'4-China ‘e8changes and linages o good opportunity ordevelopment’ has mar*ed the si8th year anniversary o the China-'23'4 #ree

    0rade 'greement '/- which has a huge positive impact to Malaysia. 0he

    purpose is to trans orm '23'4 into a competitive region with e uita!le economic

    development. &Lul a*ar% , 15K ,,/ China is Malaysia’s largest trading partner; all

    the while Malaysia is China’s !iggest trading partner in '23'4% third in 'sia and

    si8th in the world. 0his means that the esta!lishment o #0' or the region o the

    )ero tari status was accorded to the activities import and e8port. &Ioung Chan

    Nim% , 1 K $ -$"/. 0rans-:aci c :artnership 'greement &0::'/ !etween !oth

    countries is a good opportunity to increase economic capa!ility&ies/. &=ivienne

    +ath J Gu*e 4ottage% , 1"K " / Malaysia 38ternal 0rade evelopment

    Corporation &Matrade/ targets the total trade !etween Malaysia and China to

    increase to >2O11 +illion &>2O1P rm$.17/- which is >2O7 +illion more than last

    year. Matrade Chie 38ecutive B cer atu* )ul*i i Mahmud stated that the

    increase would !e driven !y a commitment made !y !oth nations to increase

    two way trade to >2O1 !illion !y , 17.

    2.& Malaysia$China Social Cooperation

    ato’ 2eri 4a6i! said China today is vastly di erent rom the one that his

    ather saw in 197$. (e erring to !ilateral relations !etween China and

    Malaysia% he said they had much in common in that they shared similar

    aspirations and o!6ectives to ensure lasting peace and sta!ility in the region.

    0he :rime Minister said people-to-people contacts had also grown andMalaysia today is a ma6or tourist destination or Chinese. Gast year% more than

    9$9%Q Chinese visitors came to Malaysia% the th largest num!er a ter

    2ingapore% Andonesia% 0hailand and +runei and the largest rom outside '23'4.

    ato’ 2eri 4a6i! also opined that the uture prosperity o any nation depended on

    the per ormance o its people.

    ato’ 2eri 4a6i! mentioned the esta!lishment o the twin industrial par*s

    in Hin)hou% China% and Nuantan% Malaysia.

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    a testimony to the sincere riendship o the two countries as well as a shining

    model o sustaina!le cooperation in sharing o economic development and

    prosperity.

    ato’ 2eri 4a6i! said the growing trade and investment ties would alsogenerate more opportunities in tourism% educational and cultural cooperation

    !etween Malaysia and China% thus serve to !ring our already close and strong

    riendship to a great height.

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    >niversity. 0he esta!lishment o these institutions intends to promote the

    development and study o Chinese and Malay languages in !oth countries to

    allow the e8istence o a mutual understanding o culture in !oth countries & en

    ?ia!ao% , 11/. An addition% the student e8change program !etween the two

    countries has continued and has !een urther enhanced.

    Cooperation in education !etween the two countries is urther esta!lished

    when Riamen >niversity- a university in China- has chosen Malaysia as the site to

    set up !ranches or its international universities. ato’ 2eri 4a6i! said that this is

    a historic moment !ecause this is the rst time China had esta!lish an overseas

    university- and the act that Malaysia was chosen highlights the strong !ilateral

    ties !etween the countries &>tusan Bnline% , 1"/. 0hese !ranches are covering

    .7, hectares. At was esta!lished in 2ala* 0inggi% and has started its rst !atch

    o this year &, 1 /. At o ers Q" undergraduate programs% ,7 graduate

    programs% and 1Q7 :h. programs in total. 0he university now has a total

    enrolment o over $ % ull-time students on campus% including 19%57

    undergraduates% 17%$9 master’s degree students% and ,%9, doctoral students.

    0here are over ,%Q international students &Rinmeng >niversity Malaysia% , 15/.

    0hrough the esta!lishment o the campus has !ecome a sym!ol o the close

    cooperation in the eld o education !etween Malaysia and China.

    2.( Malaysia$China Security and Defense Cooperation

    2ecurity and de ence is very important or Malaysia !ecause MalaysiaSs

    geographical position causes variety o threats. (egion is considered important

    !y Malaysia covering 2outheast 'sia% including the 'ndaman and 2outh China

    2ea also led Malaysia to see any growth in the region will also a ect the security

    and development. 'ny disruption to the regionSs security% whether in the orm o

    internal or e8ternal con ict% will impact national security &Ministry o e ense%, 1 /.

    0he Malaysia-China relationship is not only su!6ected to economic and

    social relations% !ut it also involves security and de ence. Currently under 4a6i!

    era% many agreements and cooperation involving de ence have !een e8ecuted-

    which catalyses the development o Malaysia-China military alliance &4a6i!

    (a)a*% , 15/. 0his is re ected through the many meetings !etween the two

    countries. iscussions and e8change o views on issues such as strategicimportance or the countries% as well as current issues and trends arising in the

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    glo!al security landscape% are held. 0hese include security and de ence

    elements% which has long !een the least developed aspect o the !ilateral ties.

    An Bcto!er , 1$% Malaysian e ense Minister

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    caused tension with China as China protested heavily against the map &, 15/.

    0hroughout the years% Malaysia made a rm stance on their claims over the

    2pratly islands- or e8ample in 1977% Malaysia stationed Malay troops on some o

    the territories.

    Currently% under 4a6i!’s rule% Malaysia is seen as more vocal against

    China. 0his is highly due to China !uilding arti cial islands and light-houses in

    , 15. Malaysia’s 'rmed #orces chie Lul*e i Mohd Lin condemned the act !y

    calling it ‘unwarranted provocation’ &Mchugh% , 15/. An 15 th March , 1 %

    Malaysia sent e ence Minister

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    resource activities- as well as the territorial integrity o the nation% given that the

    waterway divides peninsular Malaysia rom 3ast Malaysia &:rasanth

    :arameswaran% , 15/. 0he increase in the appearance o Chinese assets was not

    new within '23'4 region% as it had !een occurring around the 2pratly Aslands

    since , Q.

    An response with the incident% Malaysia too* the :laying-it-sa e approach in

    order to secure its interests in 2outh China 2ea and without su!verting its

    relationship with China. 0here ore% over the past ew years% Malaysia has !ecome

    alarmed and read6usted its policies; and Malaysia had lodged a diplomatic

    protest directly to +ei6ing. 3ven though% Malaysia handled matters regarding

    2outh China 2ea- in the past privately- !ut Malaysia used to !e rmer and more

    pu!lic when responding with this *ind o incidents. ' press held !y 2hahidan

    Nassim% Minister o 4ational 2ecurity% announced that Malaysia sent its navy and

    coast guard to monitor the area or ensuring the sovereignty o nation.

    Malaysia :rime Minister 4a6i! too* a urther diplomatic action !y raising

    the issues directly to Chinese :resident Ri ?inping. >sing the ‘playing it sa e’

    approach% Malaysia did not pu!licly condemn +ei6ing’s action to a level that

    would lead to an escalatory Chinese response% which shows that 4a6i!’s

    administration is unwilling to let this issue damage the Malaysian relationshipwith its largest trading partner% China &:rasanth :arameswaran% , 15/.

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    !etween Malaysia and China% there will !e a D!ac*-slideE or a much harder time

    in which% !oth sides will have to overcome and this includes the issue o M

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    hen all the actors are e8amined% it can concluded that% rom re6ection to

    acceptance% rom controversy to cooperation% the two powers- Malaysia and

    China had their share o tur!ulence in their long inter-connected history.

    'lthough% politically% economically and socially issues had plagued relations

    !etween the two countries% !ut the relations is ever !looming.

    'lthough leaders% time and policies changed !ut the Malaysia-China

    relationship remains the same- rich and ever growing. 0his !ilateral relationship

    had aced and will ace a lot o trials% !ut the ties will not !e easily !ro*en.

    Malaysia% a politically dwar country when compared to China% has held a

    signi cant value to China a trade partner% which is less li*ely when compared to

    some o the '23'4 countries.

    0he reason or the intense economic growth !etween China and Malaysia-

    ever since diplomatic esta!lishment- lies in mutual political trust and social

    understanding. 3conomic cooperation is the !lood that’s ows through the

    !ilateral !rotherhood !etween Malaysia and China. China-Malaysia relations will

    enter a new phase o development characteri)ed !y an unprecedented level o

    economic interdependence. Malaysia-China relations will continue to develop and

    this hope o development will !ring a!out peace and integrity !etween the two

    nations.

    11

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