Đề Tài Quy Trình Lắp Đặt Một Trạm BTS - Luận Văn, Đồ Án, Đề Tài Tốt Nghiệp

PHAN A. GIOI THIEU•

Truong D~iTh~ch

Sinh vien thuc hien:

N :=: TO" DAguyen len ong

TP. ne Chi Minh, ngay 10 thang 9 nam 2010

Ngay nay, voi nhu du ngay cang r~t cao vS thong tin cua con nguoi nen doi hoinhfrng nha cung cftp dich vu phai co nhfrng phuong tien hien dai d6 dap irng nhu ducua khach hang "moi luc, moi noi" rna ho dn. H~ thong vi~n thong ngay nay khongcon qua xa la voi nguoi dan Viet Nam, d~c biet la M thong thong tin di dong r~t ph6bien a moi noi, khong con gioi han cho nhfrng nguoi co thu nhap cao nhu truce kia rnangay cang tro thanh dich V\1 ph6 c~p cho moi d6i tuong.

Trong h~ thong vi~n thong, truyen din dong vai tro het sire quan trong, co th6n6i la nen mong cho ca h~ thong. Do vay, cac cong ty cac cong ty vi~n thong duocthanh I~p r~t nhieu va co nhieu hoat dong khac nhau, trong do co cong ty Thien TIl -mot cong ty cung cftp dich V\1 uy tin chat IUQ'ngduoc cac nha phat trien dich vu tinnrong va hop tac Iau dai. Em dfl thuc t~p a cong ty va co duoc nhieu kinh nghiem quybau cho cong viec trong nrong lai cua ban than.

Voi kien thirc va thai gian nghien ciru, thuc t~p con han ch6 nen khong th6 tranhkhoi nhirng thieu xot trong bai bao cao, kinh mong dan vi thuc t~p, thfty co giao trongkhoa g6p y, chi bao d6 bai hoan thien han. Em xin chan thanh cam an Cong Ty TNHHTM-DV Thien Tu va cac anh chi trong cong ty cung cac thay co b9 mon dfl true tiephuang din em tham gia thuc t~p d6 em co diSu kien tim hieu, tiep xuc thuc t€ voi cacthiet bi vi~n thong. Em xin chan thanh cam an.

Trong cuoc song h~ng ngay, thong tin lien lac dong mot vai tro r~t quan trongva khong th6 thi6u duoc. No quyet dinh nhieu mat hoat dong cua xfl hoi, giup connguoi mau chong nam b~t cac thong tin co gia tri vS van hoa, khoa hoc ki thuat, giaodue ....

LOIMODAu

Xin chan thanh cam on !

Nh6' sir phan cong cua nha tnrong va su giup dO' cua Ban lanh dao Cong TyTNHHTM & DV Vi~n Thong Thien Tu da tao dieu kien cho ngiroi thuc hien d~ taithirc t~p tai Cong Ty .

Nguoi thuc hien d~ tai xin chan thanh dun on Ban lanh dao Cong Ty TNHHTM& DV Vi~n Thong Thien Tu , Khoa dien - dien illTruong Dai HQc Sir Pham Ky ThuatTP H6 Chi Minh, thfty Nguyen Ngo Lam va cac anh/chi trong Cong Ty da t~n tinhgiup dO'.Qua d~ tai nay ngtroi thuc t~p co th€ hoan thanh t6t nhtmg n91 dung thuc t~pva nam duoc kien thirc chuyen men t6t hon.

Du da r~t c6 gang nhung khong th€ tranh khoi nhimg thieu sot trong qua trinh

thuc t~p. R~t mong nhan duoc nhirng 16'inhan xet cling nhu 1acac y ben dong gop.

Lal CAM O'N

Xac nh~n cua don v] th ...·ct~p

Danh gia ket qua thuc t~p : .

Loi nhan xet : .

Nh~n x« Ciia Cong Ty TNHH Thien Tn

Xac nh~n cua khoa

Danh gia ket qua thuc t~p : .

Loi nhan xet : .

Danh Gia Ciia Khoa Di~n Til' Vi~n Thong

2.1.3GlagL 42.2. Huang phat trien cua 3G dua tren mang co s~n 6

2.2.1. Huang phat trien len 3G sir dung e6ng nghe WCDMA 62.2.2. Huang phat trien len 3G suodung cong nghe CDMA 2000 7

2.3. T6ng quan mang WCDMA 9

CHCfONG2 :

GI(~nTHl¢U CONG NGHt M~NG 3G 4

CHCfONG1:

GiOiThi~u V~CONG TY TNHH TM&DV VIEN THONG THIEN TlJ.. l

1.1. Su thanh I~p 1

1.2. Linh vue kinh doanh 1

1.3. Cac hoat dong khac 2

1.4. Huang phat trien 2

Ph§n B : NQiDung

Li~t ke hinh .

Li~t ke bang .

M e l e .

Nh~n xet ella khoa di~n tll' vien thong .

Nh~n xet ella cong ty TNHH Thien Tu .

,Loi noi dau .

Ph§n A : GiOi Thien.MUCLUC• •

3.6.2.5. Be:>cang bao ngoai 29

3.6.2.6. Gia truyen dftn 29

3.7. L~p phan OUDOOR 44

3.6.2.4. Gia DDF va he:>pAlarm 29

3.6.2.1. Tu BTS 28

3.6.2.2. Tu Nguon 28

3.6.2.3. T6 hop Acquy 28

3.3. L~p INDOOR 18

3.3.1. Dung cu va d6 ngh€ l~p BTS 18

3.3.2. Co SO' ha tclng 18

3.4. L~p cclucap 18

3.5. Gioi thieu thi~t bi 19

3.6. Lap d~t thiet bi 27

3.6.l. Khoang each l~p d~t thiet bi chuan 27

3.6.2. Cach c6 dinh thi~t bi 28

3.1. Thu tuc nhan hang va mo kiem 17

3.2. KiSrn tra, l~p phuong an thi cong 17

CHUaNG 3:

QUY TRINH LAp D~T THIET BJ 16

2.3.1. Sa d6 kh6i mang WCDMA 102.3.2. Clurc nang rung khoi 10

2.4. Tuong lai bang thong rong ben vimg cho Viet Nam 122.5. Dich Vl,13G co nhirng tien loi gi.. 132.6. Thi~t bi su dung 3G 14

Tai lieu tham khao 56

Phu luc A: Tir viet t[t.. 52

CHUONG 4 :TONG KET 51

PHlJ LlJC vA TAl L$U TRAM KHAo 52

PHAN C: KET LuAN.

Hinh 3.12 : Cach br5tri Tit di¢n AC, chong set AC & b9 BTS Arena 24

Hinh 3.13:Cach br5tri tit di¢n AC, chong set, canh bao ngoai h9P alram va gia DDF24

Hinh 3.14: Cach br5tri Acqui, Tit nguon Loarain & 2 Tit BTS Horizon 25

Hinh 3.11 : 2 Tit BTS Horizon I & 1 tit BTS Horizon 11 23

Hinh 3.10: 2 Tit BTS In-Cell co High Power Duplexer 23

Hinh 3.7 : Dan Acqui Halogen 22

Hinh 3.8 : Tit ngudn VPRS 600 22

Hinh 3.9 : Cach br5tri thang cap va thi~t bi trong phong may 22

Hinh 3.1 : Tit di¢n ac 19

Hinh 3.2: Chong set AC Proline 20

Hinh 3.3 : Bang dien AC& Ben trong Tit nguon Siemens 20

Hinh 3.4 : Tit nguon Lorain & Tit BTS In-Cell 20

Hinh 3.5 .t» nguon VORTEX 21

Hinh 3.6 : Ben trong tit nguon VORTEX moi 21

Hinh 2-8 3G Router 15

Hinh 2-7 PCMCIA 3G 15

Hinh 2-6 USB 3G 14

Hinh 2.1. Cac th~ h¢ cua h? thong thong tin di d(mg 6

Hinh 2.2 Qua trinh phat trien len 3G thea nhanh su dung cong ngh¢ WCDMA 6

Hinh 2.3 Qua trinh phat tridn len 3G thea nhanh CDMA 2000 8

Hinh 2-5 C6u true tong thd h¢ thong UMTSIGSM 10

Liet ke hinh•

Hinh 3.34 : Cach b6 tri tit dien AC, chong set AC, H(Jp alarm & gia DDF. 36

Hinh. 3.35 : Cach x§p va nu day chudn - Thang cap & hdp alarm, gia DDF. 36

Hinh 3.36 : Cach ddu ddt Rack 19"(thanh d6ng) va gia DDF d6i 36

Hinh 3.33 : TitBTS Horizon [1. 35

Hinh 3.29: H(Jp alarm va gia DDF. 34

Hinh 3.30: Cach b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trong phong may 34

Hinh 3.31 : Cach b6 tri llip tit BTS Horizon danh chI; cho BTS duphong g6m tit chinh,tit phu va tit mo rong 34

Hinh 3.32 : Chan dd tit nguon Lorain 35

Hinh 3.27 : Cach di day tren thang cap 33

Hinh 3.28 : Cach slip xdp day tren thang cap 33

Hinh 3.26 : TitBTS va each di day tren thang cap 33

Hinh 3.15 : Cach b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trong phong may 2525

Hinh 3.16 : Cach b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trong phong may 25

Hinh 3.17: Cach b6 tri thang cap va thie: bi trong phong may 26

Hinh 3.17. Cach b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trong phong may 26

Hinh 3.18 : Tit nguon VPRS 600 va dan Acqui 24 binh 26

Hinh 3.19: Cach b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trong phong may 27

Hinh 3.20: Cach b6 tri llip tit BTS Horizon danh chI; cho BTS duphong 27

Hinh 3.21 : Cach b6 tri thang cap va slip xdp day tren thang cap 30

Hinh 3.22 : N6i day ddt 2 thang cap voi nhau 30

Hinh 3.23 : Phu kien moe J co chan dd va Phu kien n6i 2 thang cap 31

Hinh 3.24 : Cach flip thang cap sau lung tit Nguon ASCOM 31

Hinh 3.25 : Cach giii:ddufeeder bang moe chii:J va thanh d6ng 32

Hinh 3.25 : Cach b6 tri thang cap sau lung tit BTS M-Ce1l6 32

Hinh 3.37 : Binh Acqui GNB IJp d¢t dung 37

Hinh 3.38 : Dim Acqui GNB d¢t nan ngang. 37

Hinh 3.39 : Cach dciu de]tfeeder theo Idiu bang d6ng nam roi 37

Hinh 3.40 : Cach di day trong tu dien Ac. 38

Hinh 3.41 : Ben trong tu ngu6n ASCOM 39

Hinh 3.42 : CB di~u khiin br khung Rectifier cua tu nguon ASCOM 39

Hinh 3.43 : Cach d6u n6i day DC do Day Acqui ben trong tu nguon ASCOM 39

Hinh 3.44 : Cach d6u n6i day ddt & day AC 3pha trong tu nguon ASCOM 40

Hinh 3.45 : Cach d6u day DC den trong tu nguon ASCOM 40

Hinh 3.46: Vi tri ddu day canh baa va mau day canh bao cua tit nguon ASCOM 40

Hinh 3.47 : Cach d6u n6i binh Acqui GNB 41

Hinh 3.48 : Cach ddu day AC 3pha 4 89·itrong tu nguon Lorain. 41

Hinh 3.49 : M¢t trong phia tren cua tu nguon Lorain .41

Hinh 3.50 : Rectifier 1,2,3 (tic trai qua phai) cua Tu nguon Lorain 42

Hinh 3.51 : Ben trong hop alarm 42

Hinh 3.52 : Ben trong tu BTS Horizon 11 42

Hinh 3.53 : Miit tren cua tu BTS Horizon 1 43

Hinh 3.54 : N6i 2 tU BTS Horizon Ibang 89·iquang 43

Hinh 3.55 : Ben trong Tu M-Ce1l6 44

Hinh 3.56: Cach ddu n6i BTS Arena 44

Hinh 3.57 : C6n than khi lam d6u connector 46

Hinh 3.58 .Ban kinh cong va duang kinh feeder 47

Hinh 3.59 : Vi tri crt dnten va phong may 48

Hinh 3.60 : Hinh chiiu dtmgphong may 49

"'-. -.

PHAN B. NOI DUNG•

Chuong 1 : Gioi thieu Cong Ty TNHH Thien Ttl

Phat trien cac san pham phan mem trong Iinh Vl,I'C dien nr vi~n thong,

cong nghe thong tin ...

Kinh doanh cac dich vu buu chinh vi~n thong trong nuoc va quoc t~.

Cung dp dich vu cham soc va cac giai dap cac th~c m~c cho khach

hang qua t6ng dai cac mang dien thoai di dong nhu : Vinaphone, Mobiphone ...

1.2. Linh V(I'C kinh doanhCong Ty TNHH TM&DV Vi~n Thong Thien Ttl la cong ty chuyen thi

cong i~p d~t cac cong trinh vi~n thong, san xuat, l~p d~t, bao ducng cac tru cot

anten, cac san pham co khi vi~n thong.

Ngay dp GPKD : 01112/2000

Mil s6 doanh nghiep: 0302171851

WebSite: thientu.com.vn

Dien thoai : +84-83-9975966 Fax: +84-83-8479909

Dia chi: s6 8 duong Nguyen Thi Huynh, Phuong 8, Quan PM Nhuan, TPHCM

Loai hinh DN : Cong ty TNHH

1.1. S{f thanb l~pTen d6i ngoai : thientu co.,itd

" -x "CONG TY TNHH TM&DV VIEN THONG

THIEN TV

CHU'(JJVG 1:

GiOi tnu« vJ•

Trang 1Rio cao thuc t~p t6t nghiep

Chuang 1 : Gioi thieu Cong Ty TNHH Thien Tu

1.4. Hutrng phdt triinV6i muc tieu tro thanh nha cung dp dich V\I di dong hang d~u, cong ty luon

coi S\I' sang tao vii S\I' tien phong Iii nhirng muc tieu hang d~u, D6 khong chi Iii S\I'

tien phong v~ mat cong nghe rna con la Sl,I' sang tao trong kinh doanh, th§u hi~u va

thoa man nhu du cua khach hang, Cong ty luon phan d§u d~ :

Cong ty Thien Til tam niern rang viec giup dO'nguo'i ngheo, nguoi co

hoan canh d~c biet kh6 khan khong chi la trach nhiem cua doanh nghiep tnroc xa

hOi rna con la S\I' k~ thira va phat huy truyen thong nrong than tuong iii t6t dep cua

dan toc ta.

1.3. Cdc hoat t/png khticTham gia cac hoat dong xa hoi, nhan dao di doi voi san xu§t kinh

doanh Iii mot trong nhirng triet li kinh doanh can ban cua cong ty. B6i v~y trong

suet chang duong phat tri~n cua minh, cong ty luon c6 nhtmg hoat dong cu th~ d~

h6 tro cho nhung nguoi g~p kh6 khan,

len rnang.

Hoat dong dich vu lien quan d~n cuoc goi, Dich V\I cung dp thong tin

Dai Iy dich V\I buu chinh, Dai ly dich V\I vi€n thong, cho thue ha t~ng

vi€n thong: Nha tram, cot anten. , '"

Xay dung dan dung, cong nghiep, san I§p mat bang, thi cong, I~p d~t

cac cong trinh nganh dien lire, tin hoc.

Mua ban v~t tu, thi~t bi nganh vi€n thong : day, cap d6ng, cap quang,

thiet bi d~u cuoi, may dien thoai, linh kien dien thoai, may fax, t6ng dai di~n

thoai d~n 36 s6,

San xwh, l~p rap, kinh doanh cac thiet bi dien, dien nr, vi€n thong,

cong nghe thong tin va cac thiet bi vo tuyen dien


Chuang 1 : Gioi thieu Cong Ty TNHH Thien Ttl

• Di tien phong, d(>tpha trong linh V\TC cong nghe hien dai, sang tao dua

ra gia phap nham tao ra san pham, dich V1,l moi, chat IUQ'ngcao voi gia

cuoc phu hop nhfun dap irng nhu cftu va quyen lira chon cho khach

hang.

• Luon quan tam, lang nghe, chia se va dap ung nhanh nh~t moi nhu ducua khach hang.

• G~n k€t hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh voi hoat dong nhan dao va cac

hoat dong xa h9i khac.• S~n sang hop tac, chia se voi cac d6i tac kinh doanh d~ cung phat trien,

• K€t hop kinh t€ voi loi ich quoc gia v~ an ninh quoc phong,

• D~u nr va phat trien nhanh ha t~ng vi~n thong cua mroc tao

• Phat trien kinh doanh thea djnh huong cua thi truong va luon huong toi

IQ'iich chinh dang cua khach hang.

• L~y y€u t6 con nguoi lam chu dao va luon co chinh sach dao tao, phat

trien va thu hut nhan tai.


Trang 4Chuang 2 : Gioi thieu mang thong tin di dong 3G

La M thong thong tin di dong toan du cho cac loai hinh thong tin vo tuyen:

-Duong xuong: 2110-2200 MHz.

-Duong len: 1885-2025 MHz.

3G, hay 3-G, (viet titt cua third-generation technology) la cong nghe truyenthong th~ h~ thir ba, cho phep truyen cit dii' lieu thoai va dU' li~u ngoai thoai (Uti duolieu, gui email, tin nhan nhanh, hinh anh ...) voi t6c dO cao. Hien tai cac nha mangdang cung dp dich V1,l 3G voi hai rmrc t6c dO l§n IU9't la 3,6Mbps va 7,2Mbps. D~sir dung dich vu 3G nguoi dung dn trang bi Dien thoai di dong hoac Smart Phoneh6 tro phan cung k~t n6i tin hieu 3G, ngoai ra nguoi dung con co th~ dung cac thietbi k~t n6i 3G cho may tinh (May d~ ban hoac may xach tay ... ) nhu USB 3G, ThePCMCIA 3G ... Hoac thiet bi 3G Router d~ chia se k~t n6i 3G cho nhieu thi~t bikhac nhau cung suodung.

SUodung dai t§n guy dinh qudc t~ nhu sau:

21 3G [ ' '?. . a gl.

CHlfONG2 :

GIro THIEU CONG NGHE MANG 3G• • •

Rio cao thuc t~p t6t nghiep

Trang 5Chuong 2 : Gioi thieu mang thong tin di doug 3G

Th~ h~ 3G g6m co cac ky thu~t : W-CDMA (Wide band CDMA) ki€u FDD

va TD-CDMA (Time Division CDMA) kieu TDD. Muc tieu ella 1MT- 2000 Ia giup

eho cac thue bao lien lac voi nhau va sir dung cac dich \'1,1 da truyen thong tren

pharn vi the gioi, voi luu IUQ'ngbit di h'r 144Kbitls trong vung rong va len den

2Mbps trong vung dia phuong. Dich vu b~t dc1uvao nam 2001- 2002.

-Vung 4: Toan du Rs= 9.6=kbps

-Vung 3: Ngoai 0, 0 macro Rb::;; 144kbps

-Vung 2: Thanh pho, 0 micro R> ~384kbps

-Vung 1: Trong nha, 0 pieo, Rb s 2Mbps

Moi tnrong hoat d(lng cua IMT -2000 duoc ehia thanh b6n vung:

-D~ dang h6 tro cac dich vu moi xuAt hien.

-Dam bao cac dich vu da phuong tien.

-Moi tnrong ao,

Co the h6 tro dich \'1,1 nhu:

-V~ tinh.

-Tren xe.

-Ngoai duong.

-Trong cong so.

SU dung cac moi tnrong khai thac khac nhau:

-Tuong tac voi moi loai dich \'1,1 vien thong,

-Tieh hop cac mang thong tin vo tuyen va hiru tuyen.


Trang 6Chuang 2 : Gioi thieu mang thong tin di doug 3G

Hinh 2.2 Qua trinh phat trdn len 3G thea nhanh suodung cong nghe WCDMA

- GPRS: GPRS eung dp cac k~t n6i s6 lieu chuyen mach goi voi t6e dQ

truyen len toi 171,2Kbps (t6e dQ s6 lieu dinh) va h6 tro giao thirc Internet TCP/lP

va X25, nho'vay tang cuong dang k~ cac dich vu s6 lieu cua GSM.

200220001999

2.1.1. Hutrngphat triin tenmflng3G dlfa trenmangsdn co2.1.1.1. Hurmg phat tri~1llell 3G sU'dung cong Ilgh~ WCDMA

WCDMA la mot tieu chuan thong tin di dong 3G ella IMT-2000 duoc phat

trien chu y~u 6 Chan Au voi rnuc dich eho phep cac rnang eung dp kha nang

chuyen vung toan du va d~ h6 tro nhieu dich vu thoai, dich vu da phuong tien. Cac

mang WCDMA duoc xay dung dua tren co so mang GSM, t~n dung co s6 ha t§ng

s~n co ella cac nha khai thac rnang GSM. Qua trinh phat tri~n nr GSM len WCDMA

qua cac giai doan trung gian, co th~ duoc tom tiit trong sa d6 sau day:

Ba Thoi dai bang Thoi dai ThClid~ibang

truy~n tftn hep bang t§n rQng t5n rnd rQng

thong )0 20 3G 40

AnalogDigital

Loa iphucvu

Bamthoai 2.4Kbps 64Kbps 2Mbps 20 Mbps

1980 1990 2000 20)0

Hinh 2.1. Cdc thd h? cua h? thong thong tin di a9ng


Trang 7Chuang 2 : Giai thi~u m~ng thong tin di dQng 3G

H~ thong CDMA 2000 g6m mot s6 nhanh hoac giai dean phat tri~n khac

nhau d~ h6 tro cac dich V\! phu duoc tang cuong. Noi chung CDMA 2000 la mot

each ti€p c~n da song mang eho cac song co dQ rQng n l§n 1,25MHz ho~t dQng ach€ dQ FDD. Nhung cong vi~c chufrn hoa t~p trung vao giai phap mQt song mang

dan I,25MHz (Ix) vai t6e dQ chip g§n gi6ng IS-95. CDMA 2000 dUQ'epMt tri@ntll'

cae m~ng IS-95 cua h~ th6ng thOng tin di dQng 2G, co th~ rno tit qua trlnh pMt tri~n

trong hinh ve sau:

2.2.2. Hurmg phat tri~n len 3G sU'dung cong nghe CDMA 2000.

- WCDMA: WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) la mot

cong nghe truy nhap vo tuyen duoc phat tri~n manh o' CMu Au. H~ thong nay hoat

dQng a eh€ dQ FDD & TDD va dua tren ky thuat trai ph6 chu6i true ti€p (DSSS

Direct Sequence Spectrum) str dung t6c dQ chip 3,84Meps ben trong bang tfrn

5MHz. WCDMA h6 tro tron ven ca dich V\1 chuyen mach kenh va chuyen mach

goi t6c dQ cao va dam bao su hoat dong d6ng thai cac dich vu h6n hop vo'i ch€ dQ

goi hoat dong a rmrc hieu qua cao nh~t. Han ntra WCDMA co th~ h6 tro cac t6c dQ

s6 lieu khac nhau, dua tren thu t\1Cdi~u chinh t6c dQ.

- EDGE: H~ thong 2,5G tiep thea d6i voi GSM la EDGE. EDGE ap dung

phuong phap di~u ch€ 8PSK, di~u nay lam tang t6c dQ cua GSM len 3 I§n. EDGE la

ly nrong d6i voi phat trien GSM, no chi dn nang dp phan mem a tram g6c. N€u

EDGE duoc k€t hop cung voi GPRS thi khi do duoc goi la EGPRS. T6c dQ t6i da

d6i voi EGPRS khi sir dung ca 8 khe thai gian Ii384kbps.

Cong viec tich hop GPRS V110 mang GSM hien tai la mot qua trinh dan gian,

MQt phan cac khe tren giao dien vo tuyen danh cho GPRS, cho phep ghep kenh s6

lieu goi duoc I~p lich trinh truce d6i voi mot s6 tram di dong, Con mang 15i GSM

duoc tao thanh til' cac k€t n6i chuyen mach kenh duoc rna rong bang each them vao

cac nut chuyen mach s6 lieu Gateway moi, duoc goi la GGSN va SGSN. GPRS la

mot giai phap da duoc ehufrn hoa hoan toan voi cac giao dien rno rong va co th~

chuyen thang len 3G v~ du true mang 16i.


Trang 8Chuang 2 : Gi6i thi~u m~ng thong tin di d(lng 3G

- IS-95B: IS-9SB hay CDMA One duoc coi la cong nghe thong tin di dong

2,SG thuoc nhanh phat trien CDMA 2000, la mot tieu chuan kha linh hoat cho phep

cung dp dich vu s6 lieu t6c d(l len d~n IISKbps

- CDMA 2000 lxRTT: Giai doan diu cua CDMA2000 duoc goi la lxRTThay chi la lxEV -DO, duoc thiet k~ nham cai thien dung hrong thoai cua IS-9SB va

de h6 tro kha nang truyen s6 lieu a t6c d(l dinh len toi 307,2Kbps. Tuy nhien, cac

thiet bi diu cU6i thuong mai cua Ix moi chi cho phep t6c d(l s6 li~u dinh len toi

IS3,6kbps.

-CDMA 2000 lxEV-DO: lxEV-DO duoc hinh thanh til' cong nghe HDR

(High Data Rate) cua Qualcomm va duoc chap nhan voi ten nay nhu la mot tieu

chu~n thong tin di dong 3G vao thang 8 nam 2001 va bao hieu cho su phat trien cua

giai phap dan s6ng mang d6i voi truyen s6 lieu g6i rieng biet.

Nguyen Iy co ban cua he thong nay la chia cac dich vu thoai va dich vu s6

lieu t6c d(l cao vao cac s6ng mang khac nhau. lxEV-DO c6 the duoc xem nhu mot

rnang s6 lieu "xep chong ", yeu cftu rndt s6ng mang rieng. Be ti~n hanh cac cuoc goi

vira c6 thoai, vira c6 s6 lieu tren du true "xep chong" nay cftn c6 cac thiet bi hoat

d(lng a 2 che d(l Ix va lxEV-DO.

- CDMA 2000 lxEV-DV: Trong cong nghe lxEV-DO co su' du thira v~ tai

nguyen do S\1'phan biet c6 dinh tai nguyen danh cho thoai va tai nguyen danh chos6 lieu. Do do CDG (nh6m phat trien CDMA) khoi diu pha tlnr ba cua CDMA

2000 bang cac dua cac dich 'vu thoai va s6 li~u quay v~ chi dung mot s6ng mang

1,2SMHz va tiep tuc duy tri S\1'tuong thich nguoc voi lxRTT. T6c d(l s6 lieu Cl)'C

dai cua nguoi suodung len toi 3,IMbps tuong ung voi kich thuoc g6i dll' lieu 3.940

bit trong khoang thoi gian 1,2Sms.

- CDMA2000 3x(MC- CDMA): CDMA 2000 3x hay 3xRTT d~ cap d~n sulira chon da s6ng mang ban diu trong cftu hinh vo tuyen CDMA 2000 va duoc goi

la MC-CDMA (Multi carrier) thuoc IMT -MC trong IMT -2000. Cong nghe nay lien

quan d~n viec s1:1'dung 3 song mang lx d~ tang t6c d(l s6 li~u va du<;ycthi~t k~ cho

dai tin SMHz (g6m 3 kenh I,2SMhz). S\1'Iva chQn da s6ng mang nay chi ap dl)l1g

Hinh 2.3 Qua trinh phat trdn len 3G thea nhanh CDMA 2000.

200220001999


Trang 9Chuong 2 : Gioi thieu mang thong tin di doug 3G

Hinh 2.4 M6 hinh cau true h¢ thong UMTS

WCDMA la mot giao dien vo tuyen phirc tap va tien ti€n trong linh V1,l"C thong

tin di dong, no se la cong nghe xay dung co so ha t§ng va ki€n true mang t€ bao cua

h§u h€t mang 3G tren th€ gioi, hinh thanh k€t n6i gitta thiet bi di dong cua nguoi str

dung cung voi mang loi.

duoc thiet k€ dua tren cong nghe vo tuyen WCDMA, trai lai mang loi duoc dinhnghia hoan toan dua tren GSM. Di~u nay cho phep M thong WCDMA phat trienmang tinh toan C&U tren co so cong nghe GSM

moiTtl" quan di~m chuan hoa, ca UE va UTRAN d~u bao g6m nhtrng giao thirc

H~ thong WCDMA duoc xay dung tren CO" so mang GPRS. v~ mat chircnang co th~ chia du true rnang WCDMA ra lam hai phan : rnang loi (CN) va mang

truy c~p vo tuyen (UTRAN), trong do mang loi sir dung toan bO du true phan cirng

cua mang GPRS, con mang truy c~p vo tuyen la phan nang clip cua WCDMA.

Ngoai ra d~ hoan thien M thong, trong WCDMA con co thiet bi nguoi str dung

(UE) thuc hien giao dien nguoi sir dung voi M thong.

duoc trong truyen d~n duong xuong, Duong len trai ph6 true tiep, giong nhu

WCDMA voi t6c dO chip hoi th§p hon mot it 3,6864Mcps (3 l§n 1,2288Mcps).

2.2. Tang quan mang WCDMA


Trang 10Chuang 2 : Gioi thieu mang thong tin di dong 3G

- Node B: Thuc hien chuyen d6i dong s6 lieu gifra cac giao dien Tub va Uu. N6

Mang truy c~p vo tuyen c6 nhiern V\I thuc bien cac chirc nang lien quan d€n

truy cap vo tuyen. UTRAN g6m hai phan nr :

./ UTRAN (UMTS Terestrial Radio Access Network).

- Thi€t bi nhan dang thue bao UMTS (USIM): La mot the thong minh chua

thong tin nhan dang cua thue bao, n6 thuc bien cac thuat toan nhan thuc, 11mgiu' cac

kh6a nhan thuc va mot s6 thong tin thue bao cAn thi€t cho d~u cu6i .

- Thi€t bi di dong (ME: Mobile Equipment): La d~u cu6i vo tuyen duoc SlT

dung cho thong tin vo tuyen tren giao dien Uu.

Thi€t bi nguoi su dung thirc hien chuc nang giao ti€p nguoi sir dung voi h~

thong. UE g6m hai phan:

Hinh 2-5 Cau true t6ng th~ h~ thong UMTS/GSM

2.3.2 Chirc nang timg kh6i

./ UE (User Equipment).

Not all interfaces

Note:·

~.'! .•

~.'!1. ''-J:B;:::T::::J'Sw.=L_j :--';";';'-1J-._~'\··

:Networks

.~"""""''"''

ExternaleNANUE

2.3.1 SO'dB kh6i mang WCDMAUMTS/GSM Network



- Giao dien Cu: La giao dien gitta the thong minh USIM va ME. Giao dien nay

./ Cac giao di~n vo tuy~n.

f)~ k~t n6i MSC voi mang ngoai cfrn co them phan tu· lam chirc nang tuong

tac mang (IWF). Ngoai mang 10i con chua cac CO" so dUolieu cfrn thi~t cho cac mang

di dong nhu: HLR, AuC va EIR.

- SGSN (Servicing GPRS Support Node): Node h6 tro GPRS (dich vu vo tuyen

goi chung) dang phuc vu, co chirc nang nhir MSCIVLR nhung duoc su dung cho

cac dich VI,! chuyen mach goi (PS).

- GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node): Node h6 tro GPRS cong, co chirc

nang nhu GMSC nhung chi phuc V1,l cho cac dich VI,! chuyen mach goi.

- GMSC (Gateway MSC): Trung Him chuyen mach cac dich VI,! di dong cong

k~t n6i voi rnang ngoai. *-

- MSCIVLR (Mobile Services Switching Center/Visitor Location Register): La

t6ng dai (MSC) va CO" so dft lieu (VLR) d~ cung cfrp cac dich VI,! chuyen mach kenh

cho UE tai vi tri cua no. MSC co chirc nang suodung cac giao dich chuyen mach

kenh, VLR co chirc nang luu gitt ban sao v~ 1)'-lich nguoi sir dung ciing nhu vi tri

chinh xac cua UE trong h~ thong dang phuc VI,!.

Cac phAu til' chinh ciia mang loi nhir sau:- HLR (Home Location Register): La thanh ghi dinh vi thuong tru luu gill

thong tin chinh v~ 1)'-lich dich vu cua nguoi sir dung. Cac thong tin nay bao g6m:

Thong tin v~ cac dich VI,! duoc phep, cac vung khong duoc chuyen mang va cac

thong tin v~ dich VI,1 b6 sung (nhu trang thai chuyen huang cuoc goi, s6 Ifrn chuyen

hU011gcuoc goi),

./ CN (Core Network).

- B(>di~u khien mang vo tuyen RNC: Co clnrc nang so hiru va di~u khien cac

tai nguyen vo tuyen 0- trong vung (cac nut B duoc k~t n6i voi no). RNC con la diem

truy cap t~t ca cac dich vu do UTRAN cung cfrp cho mang loi CN .

ciing tham gia quan 1)'- tai nguyen vo tuyen.


Trang 12Chuang 2 : Oioi thi~u m~ng thong tin di dQng 30

Cong nghe 30 dft va dang duoc trien khai tai Viet Nam dang rna ra co hQi phattrien manh me cho n~n cong nghiep nQi dung s6, lura hen mang den nhtmg dich vutien IQ"ihieu qua VUQttrQi so voi cac dich vu 20. Tuy nhien 30 se tro thanh "earnb§y chet nguoi" neu cac nha mang khong eung cfrp duoc nhtrng giai phap dich vunQi dung phong phu voi gia woe re t6i da, t~n dung t6i da IQ'ithe cua ket n6i bangrong di dong,

Sl,I'phat tri6n manh me cua Vi€n thong Viet Nam trong thai gian qua dft rut ngankhoang each hang chuc narn so voi cac mroc phat trien, g6p phan quang trong vaotang tnrong kinh te, cai thien doi song nguoi dan. Narn 2008, mac du g~p nhi~u kh6khan do tac dong cua suy thoai kinh t€ toan cau, nhung vi€n thong va Internet V i~tNam v~n phat tri~n rnanh me, mo rong vung phuc vu khong chi a do thj rna con 0-nong then, vung sau, vung xa. TM' tnroug BQ TT&TT Trfrn Dire Lai dft khang dinh"Chinh phu Viet Nam luon danh uu tien cho phat trien vi€n thong d6 phuc vu phattrien kinh te xft hQi va tao moi truong dfru nr thuan loi", "CO' hQi d~ trien khai 30 taiViet Nam dft chin mu6i, d\ra tren nhu'ng di~u ki~n cfrn va du nhu: B~ day nhli'ng thll'nghi~m, trai nghi~m va .kinh nghi~m clla cong ngh~ 30 tren th€ gioi, gia ca thiSt bih~ tfrng va TBDC dft giam 0- ch~ng duo'ng cu6i d€ tuang d6i phu hQ'pvoi di~u ki~ns6ng cua nguo'j dan Vi~t Nam, thi truang di dQng va Internet Vi~t Nam dft phat tri~nmQt muc nh~t dinh" ...

Nhli'ng s6 li~u th6ng ke moi nh~t v~ "dan s6" vi€n thong va Internet dft dUQ"ceong b6 dV tinh den het nam 2008, ca nuoe c6 tren 82,2 tri~u thue bao di~n tho~i,g6rn 16,2 tri~u thue bao e6 dinh va 66 tri~u tl1Uebao di dQng, s6 IUQ'ngnguaj slrd\lng Internet d~t 20,6 tri~u nguoi. M~t dQ di~n tho~i d~t 97,5 may 1100dan, tang

2.3. Tuong lai di il~ng bang r~ng b~n vieng cho Vift Nam

- Giao dien IUb: Giao dien eho phep ket n6i mot nut B voi mdt RNC. IUb duoc

tieu chuan hoa nhu la mot giao dien rna hoan toan.

- Giao dien Iu.: Cho phep chuyen giao rnem gitra cac RNC nr cac nha san xuat

khac nhau.

- Giao dien Iu: Giao dien nay n6i UTRAN voi CN, n6 eung cfrp eho cac nha

khai thac kha nang trang bi UTRAN va CN nr cac nha san xu~t khac nhau.

- Giao dien Uu: La giao dien rna qua d6 UE truy e~p cac phan nr e6 dinh cua

M thong va vi the rna n6 la giao dien rna quan trong nhat cua UMTS.

tuan thea mot khuon dang chuan eho cac the thong minh.


Trang 13Chuang 2 : Gi6i thi~u m~ng thong tin di dong 3G

Thanh toan di~n ill (Mobile Paymet): Cho phep nguai dung co th~ k€t n6i tu' xatren DTDD v6i cac thi€t bi di~11ttl' t~i van phong hay (}nha.

Nh~n tin da phuong tien (MMS): Cho phep chuyen tai d6ng thai hinh anh va amthanh, cac doan vidio Clip (du' lieu dong) va text cung hie tren ban tin voi t6c dOnhanh va dung luong 10·n.

Xem phim true tuy€n (Video Streaming): Xem phim tren DTDD vai chfrt hJQ'nghinh anh, am thanh t6t, khong bj gi~t hinh hay tr~ ti€ng, truy c~p internet.

Tai phim tIl,l'Ctuy€n (Video Downloading): Nguai dung djch Vl,l 3G co th~ taitn,l'c ti€p cac bo phim ro' ngay DTDD cua minh vai t6c dO nhanh nha vao duangtruy~n bang rOng.

Voi 65% dan s6 tre duoi 30 tuci, hra tu6i phu hop voi d~c thu dich vu 3G, vi v~y3G chac chan se thanh cong tai Viet Nam. Co hQi d~ trien khai 3G tai Viet Nam dachin muci, dua tren nhtrng di~u kien cftn va du nhu: b~ day nhirng thir nghiern, trainghiern va kinh nghiem cua cong nghe nay tren th€ gioi, gia ca thiet bi ha ting vaTBDC da giam o' chang duong cuoi d~ nrong d6i phil hop voi di~u kien song cuanguoi dan Viet Nam, thi tnrong di dong va Internet Vi~t Nam da va dang phattrien ...Chinh vi v~y trien khai h~ thong mang 3G la xay dung mN tuong lai di dongbang rong ben virng cho Viet Nam.

Hi~u mot each dan gian, cong nghe 3G (third generation technology) la tieuchuAn truyen thong di dong bang rong th€ h~ thir 3. Chuan 3G nay cho phep truyenkhong day cac dtrlieu thoai (giong noi) va phi thoai (email, hinh anh, video ...). Nhirvay, nhfrng dich vu 3G la nhimg dich vu tren nen nhtrng ti~n ich bao g6m:

Dien thoai truyen hinh (Video call): Cho phep nguoi goi va nguoi nghe co th~nhin th§y hinh anh cua nhau tren DTDD, giong nhu 2 nguoi noi chuyen true ti€pvoi nhau.

Dich vu bang rong tren dien thoai di dong th€ M moi (3G) s~p thanh hien thucva se d€n tay nguoi dung sam nhfrt la diu nam 2010, voi thi tnrong di dong phattrien nhanh nhir hien nay chung ta dang ky vong vao M thong rnang 3G tai VietNam.

2.4. Dich V(l 3G co nhiing tifn ['Ii gi?

gin 27 lin so voi nam 2000. Trong nam 2008, cac doanh nghiep vi~n thong datdoanh thu 92.445 tY d6ng, tang gin 38% so voi nam 2007, cao gin gfrp doi so voik€ hoach d~ ra nam 2010 (55 ngan ty dong).


Trang 14Chuang 2 : Gioi thieu mang thong tin di d911g3G

Hinh 2-6. USB:

USB 3G

I

USB 3G

» Thi~t bi 3G k~t n6i cho may tinh:

2.5. Thih hi sil' dung 3G» Dien thoai di dong hoac Smart Phone:

Download nhac, game, e-mail, va cac tien ich khac cua Internet bang thong rongd~u co th€ trien khai tren nen tang cong nghe 3G.

Hi€u met each dan gian, cong nghe 3G chinh la k~t n6i bang rong di dong.



Cong nghe 3G dft va dang duoc trien khai tai Vi~t Nam dang rna ra CO" hOiphat tri~n manh me cho nSn cong nghiep n<)idung s6, hua hen mang d~n nhtrngdich VI,1ti~n loi hieu qua vuot troi so voi cac dich VI,12G.

Hinh 2-8.: 3G Router

II

30 Router

Hinh 2-7.: PCMCIA 3G

PCMCIA 30


Trang 16Chuang 3 : Quy trinh Hlpd~t thiet hi

Hinh 3.: Quy trinh flip a(lt m6t tram BTS

CHUONG3

QUY TRINH LAp D~T THIET BI


Trang 17Chuang 3 : Quy trinh l~p d~t thi€t hi

.:. Cac di~u kien thi cong dft duoc th~ hien trong cac bao cao khao sat tuy nhienvi ly do nao d6 c6 th€ cac bao c6 sai s6t chinh vi vay viec khao sat nhanh laicac di~u kien truce khi thi cong la h€t sire celn thiet dam bao viec thi congduoc ti€n hanh mot each tot nhk C6 may diem chinh celn chu y nhu sau:

)io> Ki~m tra dQ an toan cua cQt, cftu true cua phong may.)io> Cac di~u kien moi truong xung quanh khu Vl,I'C lam viec tren cao d~ dam bao

an toan khi thi cong tren dQ caotvung dan cu.nha may ... ))io> Kiem tra nguon dien dung d~ thi cong va uguon dien dung d~ cung cftp cho

thiet bi suodung sau nay.)io> Kiern tra h~ thong ti~p dia, celu cap.)io> Kiem tra cac thiet bi cu (neu c6) dang sir dung trong phong.Tuyet d6i tranh

lam hir hong va t~t nguon cua cac thi~t bi dang hoat dQng.•:. Sau khi kiem tra t:1t ca cac diem tren ti~n hanh l~p phuong an thi cong

t6i uu nh:1t phil hQ'p v6'i thi~t bi va S\1" cho phep cua co quan ho~c nguaichu dia di~m cong trinh .

•:. Sau khi khao sat, bang ve thi~t k~ cong trinh se duQ'c hoan thanh, tnr6'ckhi I~p d~t BTS nh:1t thi~t phai c6 bang ve thi~t k~ duO·cchil delu tn pheduy~t, d~ dam bao 1111hth6ng nh:1t giu·aben thi cong va bQ pMn thi~t k~cung nhu giu·a nha thclu va chu delu tu tranh truang hQ'pbi dung thi congkhi bang thi~t k~ chua phil hO·p.

3.2. KIEM TRA, LJ_PPHUONG AN THI eONG

.:. Cac du an khac nhau co thu tuc nhan hang khac nhau nhung co th~ chia lam3 loai nhu sau:

)io> Nhan hang tai site(chu y~u cac du an hien tai d~u dung thu tuc nay)./ Ph6i hop cung giam sat d~ thuc hien viec mo kiem hang hoa va kY

nhan hang. Lien M truce cac thu D,IC ra vao ../ Trong tnrong hop khong co giam sat van phai thuc hien cac buoc mo

kiem d~ chac chan thiet bi dft dcly du d~ I~p d~t.N~u thieu lam bienban liet ke v~t tu thiet bi thieu bao v~ kho d~ tranh viec cham tr€ quatrinh l~p d~t.

)io> Nhan hang tai kho cua d6i taco./ Ki~m tra nhan bang dclYdu thea bang ke cua cong trinh, ky nhan cung

thu kho cua d6i tac.Chu y cac nQi guy cua kho bai,)io> Nhan hang tai kho cua cong ty Thien Ttl .

./ Ki~m tra nhan hang dcly du thea bang ke cua cong trinh, kY nhan cungthu kho.

3.1. THU TVC NH~N HANG vA MO KIEM


Trang 18Chuong 3 : Quy trinh l~p d~t thiet hi

- Cach I~p:

C:1ucap ngang: la du cap d~t ngang ngay tren dinh til thiet bi ( Tu nguon, tuBTS, t6 hop Acqui) va l~p duoi va gitra 16 feeder 10cm.

csu« cao chuJn cua Call cap ngang la 2m5 tinh til' mgt tlat

a. cAu cap ngang:

3.4. LAP ciu cAp

Can cu vao ban ve so d6 vi tri l~p d~t BTS co s~n.Ki@mtra mat bang: san nha, tran, phong, cua ra vao, cira s6 va 16 feeder xemdat tieu chufm vi~n thong 4 T6t chua.Ki@mtra Di~n AC - Chong set AC:

- Do dien tro dl1t tai bang d6ng trong.

- Do nrng pha +N- Do dl1t+N

- Dao dien cho qua chong set va do kj~m tung pha.

N~u tAtca d~u dat theo tieu chuan tram Vi~n thong 4 T6t chung ta se ti~n hanh l~pd~t du cap va b6 tri thi~t bi.

Ki~m tra I~i co' so' h~ tAng.

3.1.2. COSO'H4 TANG

Dung cu & d6 ngh~ I~p d~t mot tram BTS bao g6m:

1. BQ d6 ngh~ l~p d~t indoor2. BQ d6 nghe l~p d~t outdoor.Icot cao)3. BQ d6 nghe truyen d~n4. BQ d6 nghe bao duong.

.:. Truce khi tien hanh l~p d~t phai dam bao d~y du cac y~u t6 sau:

- Dung cu l~p d~t va trang bi bao hQ lao dQng.

- Ki~m tra thi~t bi, v~t tir do nha san xm1t cung dp.

Ki~m tra plnrong tien, van di chuyen, v~n chuyen diroc Slrdung.

- Ki~m tra tinh trang sire khoe cua cac thanh vien trong nhom,

- Ki~m tra thong tin v~ tram va dieu kien vao tram d~ ti~n hanhl~p d~t.

3.3. LAP INDOOR3.1.1. DljNG co& DO NGHE LAP DJT BTS


Trang 19Chuang 3 : Quy trinh Hlpd?t thiet bi

Hinh 3.1 : Tit di?n ac

Mot s6 hinh anh v~ each b6 tri thi~t bi trong tram BTS

3.5. GI01 THI$U THIETH!

Thang cap phai duoc dftu mass xuong bang d~t indoor, t~t eft cac thang cap d~u phaid~u mass n6i 2 thang cap n6i voi nhau.

chan d~) giu' vao canhthang cap va dung t~c ke s~t van chan d~ vao tuong,

Ghi chu: Ndu ddu thang cap d(lt chua ddn tuong kd ben banphai dung thanh I vadung ke n6i vuong goc bit ddu cap.

C&ucap dan: Dung thanh V mat 2 16 d?t vao nrong va dung chir J d@moegiu' thang cap.Neu thang cap chuan khong du dung thanh Rbi d~ n6i 2 thangcap.nhung phai dung EKE 0' gitra d€ dO'cau cap.

C&ucap ngang l~p vuong goc voi nhau: Dung ke n6i vuong goc l~p canh bencua 2 thang cap ngang ngay goc vuong.

b. cAu cap dung:

-Cau cap dung: la cAu cap dung phia sau lung til thiet bi (Tu nguon, ttl BTS,t6 hop Acqui)

-Cach I~p dung dan: Dung tbanh V mat 2 16to d?t xuong d~t va dung chfr Jmoe vao canh thang cap d~ moe gifr thang cap. (ho~c moe j co chan d~_ moe chit Jmoe vao thang cap chan d~ khong xuong d~t). D§u phia tren dung khoan, khoancanh thang cap ngang va dung moe chir J d~ giit thang cap dung. (N~u thang capchuan khong du dung thanh nbi d~ n6i 2 thang cap).

-Cach I~p dung 6p tuong: Dung kep thang cap (hoac moe J co


Trang 20

Hinh 3.4 : t» ngu6n Lorain & Ttl BTS In-Cell

Chuang 3 : Quy trinh Hlpd~t thiet hi

Hinh 3.3 : Bang tli?nAC& Ben trong Tu nguon Siemens

Hinh 3.2: Chong set AC Proline

_ bt

J



Hinh 3.6: Ben trong hi nguon VORTEXmoi

Hinh 3.5 .t» nguon VORTEX


Trang 22

Hinh 3.9 : each b6 trl thang cap va thijt bi trongphong may


Hinh 3.8 : Tit ngu6n VPRS 600

Hinh 3.7: Dan Acqui Halogen



Hinh 3.11 : 2 t» BTS Horizon 1& 1 tti BTS Horizon II

Hinh 3.10 : 2 Ttl BTS In-Cell co High Power Duplexer



Hinh 3.i3:Cach b6 tri til ai?n AC, chong set, canh bao ngoai h9p alram va giaDDF

Hinh 3.12 : Cdch b6 tri TLiai?n AC, chong set AC & b<)BTS Arena



Hinh 3.16: each b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trong phong may

Hinh 3.15 : each b6 tri thang cap va thidt bi trongphong may

Hinh 3.14: each b6 tri Acqui, Ttl nguon Loarain & 2 Ttl BTS Horizon



Hinh 3.18: t» nguon VPRS 600 va dan Acqui 24 binh

Hinh 3.17. Cach br5tri thang cap va thih bi trong phong may

Hinh 3.17: Cach br5tri thang cap va thiit bi trong phong may


Trang 27Chuang 3 : Quy trinh l~p d~t thiet hi

+ Tit M-Ce112, M-Ce116, Til Horizon I & Horizon II each tuong 50cmva eachthang cap dung IOcm. Rieng ttl In-Cell khong l~p thang cap sal! lung tu.

T§t ca.b~ mat thiet bi phai bang nhauT§t ca cac day cap di tren thang cap va khong chong cheo

3.6.1. Khoiingeach liip aiit thih hi chuan:

Can cu vao ban ve sa d6 vi tri l~p d~t BTS co s~n.

3.6. LApD4TTHIETB!

Hinh 3.20: Cach b6 trl IJp lu BTS Horizon danh ch6 cho BTS du phong

Hinh 3.19 : Cach b6 tri thang cap va thi~t bi trong phong may


Trang 28Chuang 3 : Quy trinh lip d~t thiet bi

Ttl nguon ASCOM (DELTA): co 4 chan, chi dn di doi d€n vi tridu dinh lip d~t kh6ng dn thiet phai khoan xuong san.

3.6.2.3. TiJhfJpAcqui:Acqui Halogen, Acqui 24 binh: Lip ghep chan d~ binh tnroc sau

do x€p tung binh Acqui len gia theo thir tu (-) ->(+) cho day 1 va nguoc laicho day 2 va dung n6i Acqui n6i cac binh lai voi nhau.

Truong hop chong 2 til phai dung khung n6i 2 ttl va siet 4 6c khung n6i vao tuBTS duoi sau do d§y ttl BTS vao chan d€ tren.

3.6.2.2. Tii nguimTu nguon Lorain, Tu Siemens (dung hoac treo) va tu nguon co nip

sau: c6 dinh vi tri giong nhu each lip d~t Tu BTS M-Ce1l2, M-Ce1l6 va InCell.

3.6.2. each c6 tlinh thiit hi3.6.2.1. ra BTS.:. Ttl M-CeI12, M-Ce1l6 va Tn-Cell: Di chuyen ttl BTS vao vi tri du

dinh lip d~t va danh d§.u. Sau do di doi tu BTS fa khoi vi tri danh d§.u vadung miii khoan co duong kinh 120mm2 khoan sau 4 16 O,7cmva d~t tit kesit xuong d§.t sau do dua ttl BTS vao vi tri va dung 6c co long_den si€t thatchat xuong san .

•:. Ttl Horizon 1 & Horizon II: Loai tu nay co chan d€ ban chi candem chan d€ vao vi tri du dinh lip d~t va danh d§.u. Sau do di doi chan d€ ttlBTS ra khoi vi tri danh d§.u va dung miii khoan co duong kinh 120mm2khoan sau 4 16 O,7cmva d~t tit ke sit xuong d§.t sau do dua chan d€ tu BTSvao vi tri va dung 6c co long_den si€t that chat xuong san. Ti~p theo d~y ttlBTS vao vira sat chan d€ va si~t 2 6c (y hai ben chan ttl BTS voi chan d~.

Tli BTS thuong duoc a(it gdn 16feeder va chua vi tri BTS ma rong tLl"tutrnglofeeder adn BTS khoang 80cmTruong hop nhiing til nguon mo ndp sau nen a(it each tuang 50cm va chua16i di ra phia sau til nguon 30cm.

Rieng tu In-Cell & ttt M-Ce1l6 ndu co High Power Duplexer thi phai a(it

High Power Duplexer tren cdu cap ngang va ngay giiia tu BTS.

Ghi chu:

+Tu nguon ASCOM (DELTA) each nrong 40cm va sat thang cap dung.

+T6 hop Acqui thuong duoc d~t ngay goc phong may.

+Tu nguon Lorain each tuong 50cm( va thuong bang m~t voi tu BTS)


Trang 29Chuang 3 : Quy trinh l~p d~t thiet bi

3.6.2.4. Giti DDF & Hpp alarm

B6 tri h9P alarm o' tren va gia DDF 6 duoi each nhau 10cmchi~u cao khoang 1m6 tinh ttl' d§t.

Dung thuoc nuoc d~t tren hop a1rm va danh dau sau do khoan 16b~t chat vao tuong sau do g~n gia Krone vao

Dung thuoc mroc d~t tren gia DDF va danh dau sau do khoan 16b~t chat vao nrong.

B~t hop nhua 30x40 d~n cftu cap dung hoac ngang.3.6.2.5. Bp ciinh bdo ngoai

B6 tri b9 canh bao ngoai sao cho tham my kh6ng qui dinh b~tbU9C phai g~n 0 vi tri nao.

Dung thucc mroc d~t tren b9 canh bao va danh d§u sau do khoan16b~t chat vao tuong.

B~t hop nhua 20x 30 d~n cftu cap dung hoac ngang d~ di day.3.6.2.6. cu truyJn dan

Di chuyen Rack Truyen din 19' vao vi tri du dinh I~p d~t vadanh dau. Sau do di doi Rack Truyen din 19" ra ra khoi vi tri danh d§u vadung miii khoan co duong kinh 120mm2 khoan sau 4 16 0,7cmva d~t t~t kes~t xuong dAt sau do dua til BTS vao vi tri va dung 6c co long_den si~t thatchat xuong san.

Acqui GNB (4 binh): chi cftn danh d§u va khoan 16 binh thir 1 vathir 4 sau do dung 6c siet cac binh lai voi nhau. Va si~t cac thanh n6i 4 binhvoi nhau thea thir tu (-) ->(+) thanh hinh (+ V -) phia day - + n6i vao tunguon nen cho vao trong.

Ghi chu: KiJm tra tung t6 h9P va t6ng tat ca cac binh truce khi ttau n6i VaG tilnguiin.



Hinh 3.22 : N6i day adt 2 thong cap voi nhau

Hinh 3.21 : each b6 tri thong cap va sap x~p day tren thong cap


Trang 31Chuang 3 : Quy trinh I~p d~t thiet b]

Hinh 3.24 .'Cach lap thang cap sau lung til Ngu6n ASCOM

Hinh 3.23 .'Phu kien moe J co chdn t1~va Phu kien nbi 2 thang cap

Bao cao thuc t~p t6t nghiep


Hinh 3.25 : Cach b6 tri thang cap sau lung ttl BTS M-Ce1l6

Hinh 3.25 : Cach giii d6u feeder bfmg moe chii J va thanh d6ng


Trang 33

Hinh 3.28 : Cach sap xdp day tren thang cap


Hinh 3.27: Cach di day tren thang cap

Hinh 3.26: Tit BTS va each di day tren thang cap



Hinh 3.31 : Cacn b6 tri ltip hi BTS Horizon danh ch6 cho BTS duphong g6m titchinh, tit phu va tit mo r6ng

Hinh 3.30 : Cach b6 tri thang cap va thid! bi trong phong may

Hinh 3.29: H<}palarm wl gia DDF



Hinh 3.33 : TitBTS Horizon II

Hinh 3.32 : Chan di tu nguon Lorain



Hinh 3.36 : Cach dau dat Rack 19"(thanh d6ng) va gia DDF doi

Hinh 3.35 : Cach xdp va rut day chudn - Thang cap & hop alarm, gia DDF

~I',

~,rI

II,~101 '/

,j r-:~

it " II

Hinh 3.34 : Cach b6 tri hi dien AC, chong set AC, H(Jp alarm & gia DDF



Hinh 3.39: each d6U datfeeder thea kidu bang d6ng ndm roi

Hinh 3.38 : Dim Acqui GNB dij,t ndn ngang

Hinh 3.37 : Binh Acqui GNB flip dij,t dung



Hinh 3.40: Cach di day trong til di¢11 AC

+BQ canh bao ngoai,

(co So' d6 huong dfrn l~p canh bao ngoai.)

- Dung cap DC dc1uvao thiet bi truyen d&nva dc1Uvao CB tu cung dp nguon.

- Dung cap 3002 dc1uvao thiet bi truyen dfrn va keo c~p day luong d~n giaDDF.

19"

- Gan thiet bi truyen d&nvao

- Dung day dc1t16mm2 d:1Unr thi~t bi truyen dfrn xuong thanh d6ng cua Rack

- Dung day d:1t 16mm2 d:1u vao thanh dong cua Rack 19" sau d6 dc1uvaobang d6ng trong.

- Lam dfru conector va g~n vao 16 DDF ( 2 dfru nr phia BTS va 2 dfru tu phiatruyen d&n (neu cap quang phai dung phci h9'P tro khang chuyen d6i til" 120 Ohmsang 75 Ohm) sau d6 dung dfru loop Moto d:1u tung c~p dfru lai voi nhau.

+Truyen dfrn:

dinh.- Dc1ucanh bao nguon, canh bao ngoai phia mat duoi phim Krone theo qui

- Dc1utc1tca cac chan canh bao vao Krone tlnr l o m~t phia tren phim Kronetheo sa d6 chuan.



Hinh 3.43 : Cach ddu n6i day DC do Day Acqui ben trong tu ngu6n ASCOM

Hinh 3.42: CB di~u khidn b{Jkhung Rectifier cua tu nguon ASCOM

Hinh 3.41 : Ben trong tu nguon ASCOM



Hinh 3.46: Vi tri eMu day canh baa va mau day canh baa cua ttl nguon ASCOM

Hinh 3.45: Cach ddu day DC den trong til ngu6n ASCOM

Hinh 3.44: Cdch ddu n6i day ddt & day AC 3pha trong til nguon ASCOM



Hinh 3.49 : Mij.ttrongphia tren cua tti nguon Lorain

Hinh 3.48 : Cach tt6u day AC 3pha 4 S9'i trong tti ngu6n Lorain.

Hinh 3.47 : Cach iJ6un6i binh Acqui GNB


Trang 42

Hinh 3.52 .'Ben trong hi BTS Horizon lJ


Hinh 3.51 .'Ben trong hop alarm

Hinh 3.50.' Rectifier 1,2,3 (tit·trai quaphai) cua Ttl nguon Lorain



Hinh 3.54 : Nih 2 lu BTS Horizon I bang S9·i quang

Hinh 3.53 : Mdt tren cua ILlBTS Horizon I



Hinh 3.56: Cach ddu n6i BTS Arena

3.7. LAp DJT PHAN OUTDOOR

Ltip oat ph6n Outdoor co cae ph6n chinh sau:

- Lap dat M thong Feeder

Hinh 3.55: Ben trong Tit M-Ce1l6



cAc CHU Y KHI LAp D! T FEEDER

a. LAp D! T ANTENNACae bU'uecO'ban:

./ DO' bo Antenna khoi vo hop.

./ Xac dinh huang thea thiet k~ mang .

./ Neu bo ga antenna chua co thl phai keo ga antenna va I~p ga truce .

./ Keo Antenna len cQt (dung Puli va thung) .

./ C6 dinh antenna thea cac huang da dinh s~n.Cae ehu Vkhi ltip dlit Antenna:

./ Tuyet d6i an toan khi leo len cQt (bat buoc phai dung day lung antoan)

./ D6i voi nguoi keo antenna 0 6" phia duoi phai co mii bao hiern,khoang vung khu vue nguy hiem xung quanh chan cot.

./ Antenna phai duoc l~p trong goc phil la 45° cua kim chong set dinhcQt

./ L~p antenna va ga antenna phai chu y sao cho antenna khong binghieng thea phuong thing dung, Tranh Hip nguoc cac phu kien cuaanten gay kho khan cho qua trinh t6i uu hoa rnang.

b. LAp D! T FEEDERCae bu'uc co'ban ltip dlit he thimg Feeder:

./ DO' bo Feeder ra khoi 10cuon va chia thanh cac soi nhu thea thiet k~

./ Danh diu 2 delu cua tung soi feeder d~ tranh nham I§.nkhi ket n6ifeeder voi BTS .

./ Ti~n hanh lam delu connector(phia k~t n6i vao antenna)cho tung soifeeder that cAn than. Quan bang dinh vao 2 delu feeder d~ bao v~ khikeo len cot.

./ Keo feeder len cot, c6 dinh cac sci feeder doc thea cot va celU capngoai troi thea cac thir t1,1'da dinh s~n .

./ K~t n6i feeder va antenna thong qua day jumper/day nhay) .

./ Ti~n hanh lam tiep dia cho feeder, dua feeder vao trong phong maythea thu t1,1'tung huang antenna .

./ K~t n6i feeder voi BTS cling thong qua cac day jumper .

./ Danh diu lai cho cac soi feeder bang nhan cirng.

- Lap d~t h~ thong khu~ch dai dinh cQt (TTA) n~u co

- Lap dat he thong tiep dia cho feeder

- K~t n6i h~ thong anten va feeder qua cac connector.

- L~p d~t h~ thong Anten



Khi au'a feeder qua fa feeder VtlO phong chu y :

./ Thir nr cac soi feeder phai dung tranh cheo nhau, nham l~n ,

./ Phai u6n cong tao bung tranh mroc cho cac soi feeder di vao phong,

./ Ban kinh cong > hoac bang 20 l~n duong kinh, cac SQ' feeder phaisong song va cung ban kinh cong,

Hinh 3.57 : cs« thdn khi lam d6u connector

Outdoor waterproot insutatton for cormector nave to used 3 layer PVCinsul.:lting tape, 3 toyer semi-conductive tape (3M). 3 layer PVC insu/.:ltingtape .:lndshould be tie in two position. \lVhentie the insul.:lting waterprootconnector. remain tne tie (outdoor requirement) to onttctpat» bloombecaue«of he.:ltingfrom the sun

Remaill the tie especially fO.5cmto allticipate heatilllJ om the SUIIalHI

e black c.11J1eties tOI outdo I.

Can th?11khi lam dauconnector, dCmg clOngh6 do di~nkiern tra I~isau khi lam xong.



4. Kiern tra phan k~t n6i trong tu BTS, cac connector phai duoc v~n chat bangcle va to vit.Ki~m tra cac Juong truyen d~n n~u co. Ki~tn tra cac day nguonva day tin hieu sao cho khong dt nhau.khong bo bU9Cvao nhau, t6t nhfrt laeach nhau it nh§.t JOcm.CM y danh nhan cho toan b9 phftn tin hieu cling nhuphftn nguon.

5. Sau khi kiern tra toan b9 phan l~p d~t cling nhu phan nguon tien hanh bat thirthiet bi voi nguon DC cua Battery co s~n. Khi thi~t bi da chay thu' ok, t~tth i~t bi

3. Ki~m tra phan nguon DC n6i ttl" Ac quy vao til nguon, nr hi nguon ra cacthi~t bi, dung d6ng h6 do dien xac dinh chinh xac cac k~t n6i. Ki~m tra cacdftu c6t va m6i k~t n6i.

1. Kiem tra phan Indoor bao g6m cac phftn ehinh nhu ttl BTS, til nguon, ducap.truyen d~n, canh bao ...

2. Kiem tra phan Outdoor bao gorn cac phan nhu antenna, feeder, jumper, ti~pdia, connector. ..

• Cac buo·c kidm tra l!i.pdat nhu sau:

KIEM TRA, HoAN THI:E:NLAp J)~ T

.:. Chu y : Co b6n diem dn lam nhan danh dfru soi feeder:(iF Diem gftn k~t n6i antenna(iF Diem tnroc khi vao phong may(iF Diem sau khi vao phong may(iF Diem truce khi k~t n6i vao ttl BTS

Hinh 3.58 .Ban kinh cong va duong kinh feeder

Ban kinh cong ;;;:20 I&n the dU'o'ng kinh, cae s9' feederphai ch~y song song va cung bank.inhcong,


Trang 48Chuang 3 : Quy trinh lip d~t thiet bi

(if> Hinh chieu dung phong may: [Xac dinh dung vi tri cira phong may,vi tri 16 feeder, Xac dinh dung vi tri cac ttl Ghi r5 khoang each gittacac ttl v6'i nhau, gitra cac ttl v6'i tuong]

Hinh 3.59 : Vi tri cot dnten vaphong may

Ghi khoimg eachgiO"a tLF<Yng g~nnh~tva 16feeder

xac dlnh dung vi tn cuapll0ng

Ghi ee da.icau capOutdoor

Ghiro, pllongn~mtrentang m~y

Ghi fa kichtmro-c phOng

may

(if> Vi tri cua Cot anten va phong may

7. Ve lai so d6 b6 tri thiet bi trong phong may, cot cua tram thea thirc t~.Ban ve bao gom:+ Ban ve chi~u dung cua cac thiet bi b6 tri trong phong may bao g6m tuBTS, ttl nguon, Acquy, Metro, DDF, hop canh bao, hop AC (Xem vi du benduoi).+ Ban ve chi~u duong vi tri cua cot va phong may, du cap outdoor (Xem VIdu ben duoi).

6. Don v~ sinh phong may, ki~m tra lai v~t nr thira sau lip d~t, lam bien ban tunghiem thu(bao gem ca ghi serial cua toan bo thiet bi) va lam bao cao nlnrngvfin d~ con t6n tai,


Trang 49Chuang 3 : Quy trinh Hlp d~t thiet hi

8. Chup anh I~pd~t theo form mfruyeu ciu cua du an

Hinh 3.60 : Hinh chi~udung phong may

rI

II

II

II

II

II

L


Trang 50Chuang 4 : Tong K~t

, ~.-. .-. .-.

PHAN C. KET LUAN•


Trang 51Chuang 4 : T6ng K~t

Qua thai gian thuc tap bang viec tiep xuc voi thuc t~ cung voi su giupdo cua Thfty Co va su chi d§.n t~n tinh cua cac Anh Chi 0 Cong Ty Vi~nThong Thien Tu cong voi n6 luc phin diu h9C hoi cua minh d[ thu duocnhieu ki~n thirc thuc t~. Nhung do thai gian thuc t~p co han va can thieunhieu kinh nghiem nen bai bao cao can nhtrng thieu sot. Vi v~y chung em ritmong nhan duoc su giup do, chi bao cua cac Thfty Co giao dS chung em cothS hoan thien t6t han.

Qua day chung em xin chan thanh cam an Ban giam hieu, cac Thay Cotrong Khoa Di~n Tir Vi~n Thong Truang D~i H9C Su Ph~m Ky va d~c bi~t Iacac Anh Chi trong Cong Ty Vi~n Thong Thien Ttl d[ t~o 1TI9idi~u ki~n va t~ntlnh giup do chi bao cho chung em. Chtmg em xin gui lo·icam an chan thanhd~n quy Cong Ty d[ gitlp do va t~o di~u ki~n thu~n lqi dS chtmg em hoanthanh qua trlnh thvc t~p m<)tcach t6t nhit.

Trong thai gian thuc t~p tai cong ty d[ giup chung em co cai nhin thuct~ v~ viec tri~n khai va Hipd~t tram 3G, tiep can duoc voi cac thi~t bi tram 3Gbi~t duoc chirc nang va nhiem vu cua tung thi~t bi va phan tich duoc cac kh6ichirc nang cua thiet bi. V6i nhfrng gi rna chung em d[ h9Cduoc va nghien ciruthem chung em nghi co th~ b6 tri I~p d~t duoc tram thu phat song IBS d~ duavao hoat dong.

Voi dien tich han hep va nha cira day d~c nhu a Thanh Ph6 thi viec I~pthem nhieu tram phat song d~ trien khai cho dich vu 3G la dt kho khan, dShan ch~ nhimg kho khan do d6ng thai ti~t kiern duoc chi phi chung ta nen xaydung tram thu phat song tren nhung toa nha cao tftng hoac chung ta g~n thietbi 3G chung voi thiet bi 2G. Do viec cftu hinh tram la anh huang true ti~p d~nchit hrong cuoc goi nen chung ta dn chu y d~n cac phuong an khir nhi~uchong nhi~u d6ng kenh.

Trong thuc t~ vin can t6n tai nhirng vin d~ anh huang true tiep d~nchit hrong dich vu do cong suit phat anh huang toi dich phu 2G nen dnphuong an t6i uu dS giam bot anh huang la co thS su dung loai Anten thongminh.

CHlfONG4:

TONGKET


Trang 52

Phuong thuc song cong phdn chia

Mang loi

Truy nhdp phdn ehia thea rna

Tram g6e

Khoa dich pha nhi phdn.

Ma nhdn dang tram g6e

T6e a6 tJi bit.

T6e a6 tJi Block

H¢ th6ng ai¢n thoai di a6ng tientidn (My)

86 ai~u khidn tang ieh t'ifa6ng

B6 rna hod va giai rna da t6e a6thieh nghi

Phu luc va tai lieu tham khao

Frequency Division Duplex

Core Network

Code Division Multiple Access

Base Tranceiver Station

Base station identity code

Binary Phase Shift Keying

Block Error Rate

Bit Error Rate

Advanced Mobile Phone System

Adaptive Multi-Rate codec

Automatic Gain Control

Third Generation Global PartnershipProject 2

Third Generation Global Partnership Du an h9i nhdp toan cau thd h¢ 3Project

1x Evolution - Data Optimized Pha 1- T6i U'U dii:lieu

Third Generation Thd h¢ 3

PHV LVC A: TUVrET TAT

F.

FDD

BSTC

BTS

C.

CDMA

CN

BPSK

BLER

B.

BER

AMPS

AMR

A.

AGC

3GPP2

lxEVDO

3G

3GPP


Trang 53Phu luc va tai lieu tham khao

Giao dien giiea RNC va nut B

lTU

Lien h9P viln thong quoc tiInternational TelecommunicationUnionIP

Giao thuc InternetInternet ProtocolIMT

Me

IMT da song mang.IMT-Multicarrier

2000 Telecommunication 2000Thong tin di d9ng toan cau 2000International MobileIMT-

I.

HO HandoverChuyen giao

Truy nhdp g6i len xuong t6e d9eaoHSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access

HLR Home Location Registor B9 dang IcY thuong tru

HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access Truy nhdp g6i duong xuong t6c d9cao

H.

H? th{mg viln thong di dong toanCatt

Global System for MobileTelecommunication

GSM

H? th{mg dinli vi loan cau,Global Positioning SystemGPS

Gain ProcesserGP

General Packet Radio ServiceGPRS

Nut h6 Ir9' c6ng GPRS

Dich v~ vo tuyen g6i chung.

Gateway GPRS Support NodeGGSN

G.

Frame Error Rateso

Frequency Division Multiple Access Da truy nhdp phdn chia theo tanFDMA

theo tan s6


Trang 54

Mang truy nhdp va tuyen mdt ddt

Modul nhdn dang thue baa UMTS

Duong xuong

H¢ thdng viin thong di d(jng toancdu.

Thidt bi nguoi su' dung

Da truy nhdp phdn chia theo thaigian

Di~u khiin cong sudt phat

Trung tam chuyen tidp cuoc g9i

Phuong thiec song cong phdn chiatheo thai gian

B(j di~u khiin mang va tuyen.

Phdn h¢ nu;mg va tuyen

Giao thuc di~u khidn tai nguyen vatuyen

Tam nhin thAng

Giao dien giiia 2 RNC.


UMTS Terrestrial Radio AccessNetwork

UMTS Subscriber Identify Module

Universal MobileTelecommunication System

Uplink

User Equipment

UTRAN

USIM

UMTS

UL

UE

TSC Trantsit/Gateway Center

u.

Transmission Power Control

Time Division Multiple Access

Time Division Duplex

Radio Resoure Control protocol

Radio Network subsystem

Radio Network Controller

Line of sight

TPC

TDMA

TDD

T.

RRC

RNS

RNC

R.

LOS

L.

Jur

Jub


Trang 55

Da truy nhdp phdn chia thea mdbang rong

B{j dang kY tam tru

Truy~n thoai qua giao thucInternet.

UMTS


WCDMA Wideband Code Division MultipleAccess

w.

Voice Over Internet ProtocolVOIP

Visitor Location RegistorVLR

v.


Trang 56Phu luc va tai lieu tham khao

2. 3rd Generation Partnership Project;Technical Specification Group RadioAccess Network;User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception(FDD)

3. Bai bao cao thuc tdp cua cdc anh chi Tal Cong Ty TNHH va DV Thien Tu

1. 1. Harri Holma and Antti Toskala;WCDMA for UMTS - HSPA Evolution

and LTE; John Wiley&Sons, Ltd; 2007..

TAl L~U THAM KHAo


Documents

Đề Tài Quy Trình Lắp Đặt Một Trạm BTS - Luận Văn, Đồ Án, Đề Tài Tốt Nghiệp