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DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

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Page 1: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

� ��� � ����� �� � � ����� ���� ������� ���� �

!" #%$'&)(+*-,/.10325476'6'6 8�9;:<9>=@?BA5C DFEGIHKJ)LNMPO/QSRUT�VXWPYZH[R/J1\]O_^`HKWbadcS^`QSWNceQSfgTihjWNkK^`WNQSQeR/^`WNkl WN^nmKQSRof/^nOXp+qrYtstu`HKR/^`vw\xy\[^`WNQSfzm{^|u|u`Q[}dstu|H[R/^|vN\'~��[�P�[�e���P���[�WNQeJ1H��rce^|f/Q]��Md����QevNM

Page 2: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

� �y�����������'���i�i�{� � �7������� ���d  ¡t� ¢i£¤£¤��£¥� � ��¦ §�¨

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Page 3: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

µ ¶ ���·£¥  ��¸¹� �7������� �³�µ ¦ µ º �'«­�K�7�'�»��£¥®¼ *¾½�¿-2t?UÀ 2j0¤,Á*-À &¥DF*Â2Ã( ,ÁE3Ä)$ÆÅoÄ)?UÀ Ä�¿U9 =Ç$ÆEÉÈÃDF*ËÊ¥,o2j*ÌDª2Í?UÀ È<$ÆE+Å/( 2j0b?&¥*-,ÁE ! ,Î&;DFÅ_¿UÏ;C ½ 2j½¤DFÅeÅo( ¿Í½Ð¿Ì&¥, ! ,Ñ$ƽ�¿µ ¦ µ ¦ µ º ®�ÒÓ��°³�7���£¥ Ô 9Õ¿Ì?U*-,SD7Åe,/ÖU?UÀ4Ð97ÀÐ$ ! ½+C ?UE32t?UÀ× 9FD7*�Ê>,/2j*¾Dr2t$Æ*Ø0>D�¿Ø2t$y2ÙDFÅ�Ú1Eb$gA5ÅÎ?UÀ�.Æ?Û 9�$yÜÝ2t?UE C ½ ! 0 ?gD�¿j,Î?U*

µ ¦ µ ¦KÞ © �d ���®�ÒÓ��°³�7���£¥ Ô 9 ¼ *-½Ð¿�2àß4Ð9ÕáâÄ'DF,ÁÅSDyÊ>,eÅÁ,o2Ã(× 9'ã�?UÅeDä(Û 9'å­$y2-2jÅÑ?UEÐ? ! Úæ 9'ç ? ! *Ë? ! (

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Page 4: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

µ ¦�Þ º ®;é7¬�®­�d�Ð�»��£>®¼ 0¤,Á*-À &¥DF*Â2Ã( ! DFE Ä)?U*-,/ÜÝ( A50>Dr2Ø0>D�¿%0¤Dy&¤&»?UEb?UÀ DFE+À ÀÐ?B2t?U*¾C ,eEÐ?ê,/Ü$ÆEÐ?�$7Ü�2Ù0Ð?�&¥DF*Â2j,Ñ?ë¿ ! 0b?gDª2Í?UÀµ ¦[ì í�d¸wïB£¥°�¸Ã���'�b�P°��:�,o2j0b?U*�$ÆEb?�$yÜ12j0b?�&¥DF*Â2Ù,Î?ë¿ ! DFE¹ÀÐ?B2Í?U*-C ,ÁEb?�D7E¤Àð&>*Ë$gÄ)?ñ2j0>Dr2 ! 0b?gDr2�È,ÁE�. 0>D�¿Ç$ !ä! ½¤*-*Ë?UÀ ,_Ü�,o2�À+,eÀ�Ï¥DÕ¿Ø2j0b?ð&¥*Ë$y2t$ ! $ÆÅÓ&>*Ë$ ! ?ä?UÀп

ò

Page 5: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

Þ ó ���»� ��� ���ñ��ô ¸Ã���Ô 9'õNE+,/2j,eDFÅ�Dտ̿ͽ¤C &�2j,Ñ$ÆE�¿4Ð9'öð$ÆDFÅο�$7Ü�2j0b?ð&¥*Ë$y2t$ ! $ÆÅ× 9'÷â,eÀ+Àb?UE D�¿¾¿j½+C &Ð2j,Î$ÆEÐ¿Û 9 ¼ *-½Ð¿�2â*Ë?UÅeDr2j,Ñ$3EпÍ0¤,Î&+¿<È�A50b$ 2j*-½Ð¿�2Ì¿ØA50b$ÆC ÏbDFE+À ÜK$Æ*­A50>Dr2æ 9ªø ?gDFÚ1Eb?뿾¿t?ë¿·2t$ ÄFDF*-,Ñ$ƽ�¿�ÜK$3*¾C ¿Ç$7Ü�Dr2-2ÙD ! Ú

ù

Page 6: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

ì º �Õ�7���Æôñ ìñ¦]ú�¦ µ û °���£¥�'� £¥���F����°ìñ¦]ú�¦KÞ ü ��®i��ýþ�b�;�F����°Ô 9'ç)2j*ÌD7,_.10'2�C $ À¤,oÿ ! Dª2Ù,Î$ÆE4Ð9'#<½É2�� ��DÕ¿-2t?ìñ¦]ú�¦]ì ���Ó«i�3�{�b�;�F����°ìñ¦]ú�¦ § � £¥�i�d�b�Ô 9'çÐ,eC &¥ÅÎ?�*Ë?ä&¥ÅeDä(4Ð9'8<?��¤? ! 2j,Ñ$ÆE× 9'ã�?UÅeDä(��7ÀÐ?IÜK?U*-*Ë?UÀ Àb?UÅÁ,/ÄÆ?U*Ã(

ìñ¦]ú�¦ ü ��°�ïä�d°�ïà�F��£Ðïäü �{®i®­��£ ¡�� ¬��Æô�£+� � �'������®�£�¨

Page 7: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

Network-based Attacks

Passive - no alteration - interception only

Active - may include interception

- Interruption

- Modification

- Fabrication

����������� ´�������� �! #"$�&%('*)��,+.-*%/% � 0+ �

1

Page 8: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

A BX A BX

A BXA BX

Protocol Attacks

Bucket-Brigade (Man-in-the-Middle) Replay

M

M

Cut&Paste Padding

M1 = abc

M2 = def

M = aec

M1 = abc

M = abcd

�2�����3�,� è4�65 �,)7%,)4 &)�89-*%�% � 0+ �

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Page 9: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

Reflection AttackX B

A, Rb

Kab(Rb)

Rb,Kab(Rx)

A, Rx

R’b,Kab(Rb)

Session I

Session II

Session Icompletes!

�2�����3�,� ò3�6; �=<��> &%���)�?@-*%/% � 0+

A

Page 10: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

§ ¶ �î�³�{ §±¦ µ © ���³�K�7���ê 7���³°��»�F¬��y£¥ Ô 9Õ¿Ì$ƽ+* ! ?4Ð9FDÕ¿Ì¿Ì$ ! ,eDr2j,Ñ$3E× 9FD7½ 2j0b?UE32j, ! ,/2Â(Û 97,ÁE32t?I.1*-,o2Ã(

B

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§±¦�Þ C °��Ð�y�����F����°Ô 9Õ¿Ì? ! *Ë? ! (4Ð9FDÕ¿Ì¿Ì$ ! ,eDr2j,Ñ$3E× 97,ÁE32t?I.1*-,o2Ã(

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Page 12: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

§±¦[ì E �³°���£> Ô 9�&>*Ë?BÄ)?UE32@*�?ä&>ÅSDä(4Ð97C ½�¿-2<Ê»?�*¾DFE+Àb$ÆC× 97C ½�¿-2<Ê»?�½�¿t?UÀ $3E¤Åo( $3E ! ?Û 97C Dä( DFÅ_¿t$ D ! 2�D�¿ ! $ÆE ÜK$ƽ+E¤ÀÐ?U*æ 97C Dä( Ê»? DFÅo2t?U*�?UÀ ,ÁE *�?ä&>Å/( ,/Ü ¿-(bC C ?B2j*-, ! Ú7?B( ½�¿t?UÀ

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Page 13: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

§±¦�§ ¶ �P¯ £¥ ª�7��¯ �i Ô 9�&>*Ë?BÄ)?UE32@*�?ä&>ÅSDä(4Ð97C ½�¿-2<&>*�$�2Í? ! 2Ø2j,eC ?ê¿Ì?U*ÂÄ+, ! ?× 9 ! ÅÎ$ ! Ú ¿ÍÚ7?BA ,_¿¾¿j½Ð?ë¿Û 97C ½�¿-2Ç*Ë?UC ?UC Ê»?U*·*�? ! ?UE'2Ç&¥D�¿-2

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Page 14: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

� �y������� �³�{  ¦ µ E ���7�»�F���³°Ô 9GFIHKJ�LNM ,οOH ! $ÆE ! Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P�$7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC ,/ÖU?D7E $y2j0b?U*ÂA5,_¿t?ð¿jC D7ÅeÅ¿Ì?B2@$7ܳ&$F¿¾¿Í,ÑÊ>ÅÑ?QHSR ¿UT

4Ð9WV X ,ο�C ?ë¿Ì¿jDÕ.Æ?YV ?UE ! *Â(Ð&Ð2t?UÀ A5,o2j0 Úy?B( X× 9�Z[V \]X ,_¿�C ?ë¿Ì¿jDÕ.Æ?YV ¿j,/.1Eb?UÀ A5,o2j0 Ú7?B( X¼ 0b?�Ü[$ÆÅÁÅÑ$gA5,ÁE�.@2ÂA�$%ÜK$Æ*-C ¿�DF*Ë?�½�¿t?UÀ�A50b?UEêA<?±EÐ?ä?UÀê2t$�Ê?±?]^b&¥ÅÁ, ! ,o2DyÊ»$ƽ 2Ç?UE ! *Â(Ð&�2j,eE . DFE+À Àb? ! *Â(Ð&�2j,eE .Ô 9W_ ` a PbV c�X Ti,_¿�DFÅ_¿t$ C ?뿾¿ÙDÕ.3?dV ?UE ! *Â(Ð&�2Í?UÀ A5,o2j0 Ú7?B( X4Ð9WV ef` g Pb_ c�X Tê,ο ! ,Ñ&>0b?U*Â2t?]^�2 _ Àb? ! *Â(Ð&�2Í?UÀ ½Ð¿Í,eE . Ú7?B( X

PN=@$�2Í?Ç2j0>Dr2�,/Üh_ ,_¿<Eb$y2ÇD C ?뿾¿ÙDÕ.3?�?UE ! *Ã(�&Ð2t?UÀ ½Ð¿Í,eE . Ú7?B( X Ï2j0Ð?UE V eÓ,ο<.1DF*ËÊ;DÕ.Æ?'9=T

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Page 15: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

¦�Þ í��d¯ �i��£ º ¬��F�±£;°��F�d�Ð�»�F���³° ¦�Þî¦ µ í ��¯ ¯ £+�7�3�{� i £b�j k AâD7E32Ì¿�2t$ DF½É2j0b?UE32j, ! Dr2t? 0b?U* ¿Ì?UÅ_Ü�2t$ l Ï k DFE¤À l ¿Í0>D7*�? D! $3C C $ÆE ¿t? ! *Ë?B2mX 9

j öð?UEÐ?U*¾DFÅN��*Ë$y2t$ ! $ÆÅÔ 9nl ¿t?UE+Àп k D ! 0¤DFÅeÅÎ?UE�.3?oP�¿Ì$ÆC ?·*¾DFE+Àb$ÆC E ½¤C Ê»?U*�EÐ$y2�½Ð¿Ì?UÀÊ»?IÜK$Æ*Ë?pT

4Ð9 k ! $ÆC Ê¥,ÁEb?ë¿þ2j0>Dr2·A5,o2Ù0 X 2t$ &>*�$ À¤½ ! ?�D *Ë?ä&>Å/()Ï1A50+, ! 0 l! DFE Ä)?U*-,/ÜÝ(rq

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Page 16: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

j ø ,/2j0 0>D�¿Í0b?ë¿Ô 9 k s l q>õ$R�C k4Ð9nl s k q��±*�$gÄÆ?�,o2@Ê)( ¿Í,/.1E¤,ÁE�. t u× 9 k s l qwv PbtxuyJ&X T

j ø ,/2j0 ?UE ! *Â(Ð&�2j,Ñ$ÆEÔ 9 k s l q>õ$R�C k4Ð9nl s k q��±*�$gÄÆ?�,o2@Ê)( ?UE ! *Â(Ð&Ð2j,ÁE�. t u× 9 k s l qwa P2t u cyX T

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Page 17: DFE - cise.ufl.edunemo/crypto/network-crypto.pdfy ³ { ¦ µ E 7 » F ³° Ô 9 GFIHKJ LNM,ο OH! $ÆE Dr2t?UE¤Dr2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 L P $7Ü 2Í?UE ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ 2t$ *¾DFE+Àb$ÆC

j { ½É2Ù½¤DFÅ�DF½É2Ù0Ð?UE32j, ! Dª2Ù,Î$ÆEÔ 9F8ǽ¤E 2j0b? ¿ÙD7C ? &¥*Ë$y2t$ ! $ÆÅ;2ÂA5, ! ?4Ð9 k R ¿ ! 0¤DFÅeÅÎ?UE�.3?�ÜK$3*|l Dy&+&?UE+Àb?UÀ 2t$ 0b?U*Ø*�?ä&>Å/(× 9Fõ�Ü%?UE ! *Â(Ð&�2j,Ñ$ÆE ,_¿ ½Ð¿Ì?UÀ�Ï�2j0b?UE tx} C Dä( Ê»? ,ÁE ! ÅÁ½¤ÀÐ?UÀ A5,o2j0

t u ,ÁE 2Ù0Ð?�?UE ! *Â(Ð&Ð2t?UÀ *Ë?ä&¥Åo()9j #�D7*�? C ½Ð¿�25Ê? 2àD7Ú7?UE 2Ù0¤Dr2�2j0+,ο¹Àb$1?ë¿�Eb$y2ê&¥*Ë$gÄ+,ÁÀb? D C ?gDFEпÜ[$Æ*�~ 2Í$ $'Ê�2ÙDF,eE ! 0b$7¿t?UE &>ÅSD7,eE32t?]^ 2

jo� ½+ÅeEÐ?U*ÌD�Ê¥ÅÎ? 2t$ *�?��¤? ! 2j,Î$ÆE Dr2-2àD ! ÚÔ 9n�Ç¿Ì?�À+,z�?U*Ë?UE32�Ú7?B(�¿<Ü[$Æ*Ø?gD ! 0 À¤,Á*�? ! 2j,Î$ÆE�Ï4Ð9Fç�?ä&¥DF*¾Dr2t? ! 0¤DFÅeÅÎ?UE�.3?�¿Ì&;D ! ?

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¦[ì i £b� © �d ª�7�3�{«­¬��F���³° ¦[ì�¦ µ í ��¯ ¯ £+�7�3�{� i £b� CQ�±�)����°±��£ � �¥� íî£>�yÒ�£>�j õ�Ü k DFE+À l ¿j0¤DF*Ë?ÇÚ7?B( X Ï�2Ù0Ð?UE ,/2­C Dä( Ê»?ǽ�¿t?UÀ D�¿�DðC DÕ¿-2t?U*Úy?B( PPDÐ9�Ú¥9zDÐ9 Ú7?B( À+,ο�2j*-,ÑÊ>½ 2j,Ñ$3E Úy?B( $Æ* Úy?B( ?UE ! *Â(Ð&�2j,Ñ$ÆE Úy?B()Ï� : � T

j ç ?ë¿Ì¿Í,Î$ÆE Úy?B(�¿�$Æ*�C ?뿾¿jDÕ.Æ?%?UE ! *Â(Ð&�2Ù,Î$ÆE Ú7?B(�¿�P { : � ¿]Tî$Æ*³2t?UC È&»$Æ*¾DF*Â( Ú7?B(�¿³DF*Ë?�?]^ ! 0¤DFE�.Æ?UÀ5Ê)(5?UE ! *Â(�&Ð2j,eE .<2j0b?UC A5,/2j0 � : � 9

j ¼ 0Ð? � : � ,_¿�*ÌD7*�?UÅo( ½�¿t?UÀ�Ï;D7E¤À ÜK$Æ*ÇÅÁ,o2¾2jÅÎ?¹2Í?]^ 2gÏ»DFE+À Ü[$Æ*·2t?]^�22j0¤Dr2 ,ο À¤,>� ! ½¤Åo2¹2t$ *Ë? ! $7.1E+,_ÖU? Pd½�¿j½¤DFÅeÅo(�TàÏ�¿t$ Ê>*Ë?gDFÚÉ,ÁE�. X ,_¿0¤DF*-Àb?U*I9

j � $F¿Ì¿ $7Ü D ¿Ì?뿾¿j,Î$ÆE Úy?B( $ÆE+Å/( ?]^+&»$F¿t?ë¿ 2j0b$F¿Ì? C ?뿾¿jDÕ.Æ?ë¿ ?UEÉÈ! *Â(�&Ð2t?UÀ A5,o2Ù0 ,o2gÏ�DFE¤À $ÆE+Å/( D7ÅeÅÎ$gAâ¿5Ü{D7ÅοÌ? D7½ 2j0b?UE32j, ! Dr2j,Ñ$3E Ü[$Æ*2j0Ð?¹À+½¤*¾Dr2j,Î$ÆE $7Ü�2j0b?¹Ú7?B(�R ¿âÅe,/Ü[?B2Ù,ÁC ?'9

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