DHARMA VIRTHAN.docx

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Dilwara Jain Temples



Location within Rajasthan

Location

Country: India

State/province: Rajasthan

Locale:Mount Abu

Architecture and culture

Important festivals:Mahavir Jayanti

Number of temples: 5

Date established:between the 11th and 13th

centuries AD
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Jain Prayers

Bhaktamara Stotra Micchami Dukkadam amkra mantra

Philosophy

Anekantavada Cosmology

Epistemology Ahimsa Karma Dharma Nirvana

Kevala Jnana Moksa Dravya Tattva Asteya

Aparigraha Gunasthana Samsara

Major figures

The 24

TirthankarasRishabhaMahaviraAcharyaGanadharaS

a Divakara
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TheJainDilwara temples ofIndia are located about 2 kilometres from

Mount Abu,Rajasthan'sonly hill station. Thesetemplesbuilt by

Chalukya[1][2]

between the 11th and 13th centuries AD are world famous for

their stunning use ofmarble. The five legendary marble temples of

Dilwara are a sacred pilgrimage place of the Jains. Some consider them

to be one of the most beautiful Jain pilgrimage sites in the world. The marble temples havean opulent entranceway, the simplicity in architecture reflecting Jain values like honesty

and frugality. The temples are in the midst of a range of forested hills. A high wall shrouds

the temple complex.

Although the Jains built some beautiful temples at other places in Rajasthan, some believe

that none come close to these in terms of architectural perfection. The ornamental detail

spreading over the minutely carved ceilings, doorways, pillars and panels is simply

marvellous.

For the people who come to performpujahere, there are facilities to bathe and get

ready,which is mandatory to perform puja to the idol. The facilities use passive solar powerto heat up the water for bathing and other things. Guided tour hours for tourists are posted

outside the temple.

Five unique temples of Dilwara:-

Contents

1 Five Unique Temples of Dilwarao 1.1 Vimal Vasahi Templeo 1.2 Luna Vasahio 1.3 Pittalhar Templeo 1.4 Parshvanatha Temple

Five Unique Temples of Dilwara
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Doorway detail

Domed ceiling detail

There are five temples in all, each with its own unique identity. Each is named after the

small village in which it is located. These are:

VIMAL VASAHI- dedicated to 1st jain tirthankara., LUNA VASAHI- dedicated to the 22nd jain tirthankara.,

PITALHAR- dedicated to the 1st

jain tirthankara.,

The most famous of these are the VimalVasahiand Luna Vasahi temples.

Vimal Vasahi Temple
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraCeiling.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LDDilwaraDoor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basadi


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This temple carved entirely out of white marble was built in 1021 byVimal Shah, a

minister ofBhimidev I, theChalukya[3]

King (SolankiMaharaja) ofGujarat. The temple is

dedicated to Lord Rishabha. The temple stands in an open courtyard surrounded by a

corridor, which has numerous cells containing smaller idols of the Tirthankaras. The richly

carved corridors, pillars, arches, and 'mandaps' or porticoes of the temple are simply

amazing. The ceilings feature engraved designs of lotus-buds, petals, flowers and scenesfrom Jain and Hindu mythology.

The Rang manda is a grand hall supported by 12 decorated pillars and nicely carved out

arches with a breathtaking central dome. On the pillars are carved female figurines playing

musical instruments and 16 Vidhyadevis, or the goddesses of knowledge, each one holding

her own symbol which is believed to be memorial of victoriousBrahma Kumarisfollower

from lastKalpa.

TheNavchowkiis a collection of nine rectangular ceilings, each one containing beautiful

carvings of different designs supported on ornate pillars. TheGudh mandapis a simple

hall once you step inside its heavily decorated doorway. Installed here is the idol of AdiNath or Lord Rishabdev, as he is also known. The mandap is meant forAartito thedeity.

The Hastishala (Elephant Cell) was constructed by Prithvipal, a descendant of Vimal Shah

in 1147-49 and features a row of elephants in sculpture.

Luna Vasahi

The Luna Vashi temple is dedicated to Lord Neminath. This magnificent temple was built

in 1230 by twoPorwadbrothers - Vastupal and Tejpal - both ministers of a Virdhaval, the

Vaghelaruler of Gujarat. The temple built in memory of their late brother Luna was

designed after the Vimal Vashi temple. The main hall or Rang mandap features a central

dome from which hangs a big ornamental pendent featuring elaborate carving. Arrangedin a circular band are 72 figures of Tirthankars in sitting posture and just below this band

are 360 small figures of Jain monks in another circular band. The Hathishala or elephant

cell features 10 beautiful marble elephants neatly polished and realistically modelled.

The Navchowki features some of the most magnificent and delicate marble stone cutting

work of the temple. Each of the nine ceilings here seems to exceed the others in beauty and

grace. The Gudh mandap features a black marble idol of the 22nd Jain Tirthankar

Neminatha. The Kirthi Stambha is a big black stone pillar that stands on the left side of the

temple. The pillar was constructed by Maharana Kumbha ofMewar. The remaining three

temples of Dilwara are smaller but just as elegant as the other two.

Pittalhar Temple

Tirthankara Rishabha Dev (Adinath), cast in five metals, is installed in the temple. The

main metal used in this statue is 'Pital' (brass), hence the name 'Pittalhar'. The Shrine

consists of a mainGarbhagriha, Gudh mandap andNavchowki. It seems that the

construction of Rangmandap and the corridor was left unfinished. The old mutilated idol
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was replaced and installed in 1468-69 AD weighing 108maunds(about 40 quintals or four

metric tons) according to the inscription on it. The image was cast by an artist 'Deta' which

is 8 ft (2.4 m). high, 5.5 ft (1.7 m). broad and the figure is 41 inches (1,000 mm) in height. In

Gudh Mandap on one side, a big marblePanch-Tirthisculpture of Adinath is installed.

Parshvanatha Temple [edit]

This temple, dedicated to Lord Parshvanath, was built by Mandlik and his family in 1458-

59 It consists of a three storied building, the tallest of all the shrines at Dilwara. On all the

four faces of the sanctum on the ground floor are four big mandaps. The outer walls of the

sanctum comprise beautiful sculptures in gray sandstone, depicting Dikpals, Vidhyadevis,

Yakshinis, Shalabhanjikas and other decorative sculptures comparable to the ones in

KhajurahoandKonark.

Mahavir Swami Temple [edit]

This is a small structure constructed in 1582 and dedicated to Lord Mahavira. There arepictures on the upper walls of the porch painted in 1764 by the artists ofsirohi
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DHARMA VIRTHAN.docx