DISCRETE 2014 London, 4.12. 2014

Maria Krawczyk U. of Warsaw

Plan Higgs: LHC data SM-like scenarios at LHC Z2 symmetric 2HDM Higgs-portal to dark matter Inert Doublet Model (IDM) LHCDM ILC

Discoveries of elementary particles - ‚flood' in years 1950-60

Foton γ

Neutrino ν

hadrons

1964 !! Quark Model CP violation mass generation … Standard Model

Fundamental particles in SM

Masses: 0 - 175 GeV

spin 1/2 ħ

spin 0

1 ħ

Year 1964 LHC 4.07.2012 Higgs-like particle with mass125 -126 GeV observed by ATLAS+CMS (+Tevatron) 26.06.1964 27.07.1964

12.10.1964

Yoichiro Nambu NOBEL 2008 Za wprowadzenie spontanicznego łamania

symetrii do fizyki cząstek elementarnych

Nambu, Nobel 2008 For introducing SSB to elementary particle physics

Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism Spontaneous breaking of EW symmetry SU(2) x U(1) → U(1) QED

Standard Model Doublet of SU(2): Φ = ϕ+ v+h+iζ V = ½λ(Φ†Φ)²- ½m²(Φ†Φ), v2= m² /λ (vev)

Masses for W+/−, Z (tree ρ =1), no mass for the photon generation of mass of gauge boson: MW = g v Fermion masses via Yukawa int. (add. parameters) Higgs particle HSM - spin 0, neutral, CP even h couples prop. to masses to W/Z and fermions only unknown Higgs mass ↔ selfinteraction

Higgs particle-the missing particle of SM The discovered ~125 GeV scalar has properties very close to predicted by the SM. But how close? Loop couplings ggh, γγh, γZh sensitive to new physics (new, even very heavy particles nondecoupling effects) Beyond SM (BSM) - only SM-like scenarios: SM-like h and no other new particle seen

deRoeck, Corfu 2014, 13.09.2014

Production and decay of Higgs particle at LHC

main decays decay to γγ loop t,b,W…

deRoeck, 13.09.2014

deRoeck, 13.09.2014

SM-like Higgs

In addition: total width 4-5 x SM (in SM - 4.2 MeV) decay to invisible particles

BR (inv) < 0.37

old

Morsolli, Corfu 2014, Sept. 2014

Relic density - WMAP, Planck WMAP

PLANCK

3 sigma:

Higgs portal models SM-like h

DM DATA?

DM DM

N N

direct exp.

and …LUX

10-45 cm2

Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism Spontaneous breaking of EW symmetry SU(2) x U(1) → ?

Two Higgs Doublet Models Two doublets of SU(2) (Y=1; ρ =1) - Φ₁ , Φ₂ Masses for W+/−, Z ; mass for photon possible Fermion masses via Yukawa interaction – various models: Model I, II, III, IV,X,Y,...

5 scalars: H+ and H- and neutrals: - CP conservation: CP-even h, H & CP-odd A - CP violation: h1,h2,h3 with undefinite CP parity* Sum rules hold (for relative couplings to SM χ)

T.D. Lee 1973

2HDM's

Potential Yukawa

Vacuum

SYMMETRIES!!!

2HDM Lagrangian L= LSM+LHiggs+LY Potential (14 parameters)

V = ½λ1(Φ₁†Φ₁)²+½λ₂(Φ₂†Φ₂)²

+λ₃(Φ₁†Φ₁)(Φ₂†Φ₂)+λ₄(Φ₁†Φ₂)(Φ₂†Φ₁)+½[λ₅(Φ₁†Φ₂)²+h.c]

+ [(λ₆(Φ₁† Φ₁)+λ₇(Φ₂†Φ₂))(Φ₁†Φ₂)+h.c]

- ½m²₁₁(Φ₁†Φ₁)- ½m²₂₂(Φ†Φ₂)- ½[m²₁₂(Φ₁†Φ₂)+h.c.]

Reparametrization freedom: 11-2=9 parameters Ginzburg, MK’;Gunion,Haber’04) Z₂ symmetry transf.: Φ₁→Φ₁ Φ₂→ - Φ₂ (or vice versa) Hard Z₂ symmetry violation: λ₆, λ₇ terms Branco,Rebelo’85 Soft Z₂ symmetry violation: m²₁₂ term (Re m²₁₂=µ²) Explicit Z₂ symmetry in V: λ₆, λ₇, m²₁₂=0 (NO CP violation)

LHiggs=T-V

Various models of Yukawa inter. typically with some Z2 type symmetry to avoid FCNC Glashow-Weinberg,Paschos77

Model I - only one doublet interacts with fermions Model II – one doublet with down-type fermions d , l other with up-type fermions u Model III - both doublets interact with fermions Model IV (X) - leptons interacts with one doublet, quarks with the other Top 2HDM – top only with one doublet Fermiophobic 2HDM – no coupling of fermions to the lightest Higgs – ruled out by LHC and others

Inert Doublet Model a model with exact Z2 symmetry Higgs and Dark Matter in agreement with data

LHC: strong constraints on DM from Higgs data

Strong enough first-order phase transition needed for baryogenesis (G. Gil Msc'2011, G.Gil, P.Chankowski, MK PL.B 2012

Various type of evolution from EWs to Inert phase possible in one, two or three steps, with 1st or 2nd order phase transitions (T2 evolution, Ginzburg et al..PRD 2010)

Types of extrema (vacuua) Ma78,Velhinho,Santos,Barroso.94

The most general extremum state vS, vD, u - real vS, u ≥ 0

v2 =vS2 +vD

2 +u2

----------------- u=0 --------------------------------------

EWs EWs vD =vS = 0 Inert I1 vD = 0 Inert-like I2 vS = 0 Mixed (Normal, MSSM like) M vD ,vS ≠0 ---------------- u≠0 --------------------------------------- Charge Breaking CB vD =0

for real V with Z2 symmetry Φ₁→Φ₁, Φ₂→ - Φ₂ notation: Φ1→ΦS & Φ2→ ΦD (D symmetry)

D-symmetric potential – vacua Stable vacuum (positivity)

Neutral vacua Mixed M [vS and vD ≠ 0] Inert I1 (I2) [vS or vD ≠ 0] Charged breaking vacuum CB

Y = MH+2 2/v2| Inert

λ4 ± λ5 >- X, X=√λ1λ2+λ3>0

Phase diagrams for D-sym. V

Inert (I1) vacuum for Mh=125 GeV fixed 1

coexistence of I1 and I2 minima

Inert phase for TODAY

Inert Doublet Model Exact Z2 (D) symmetry under transf. ΦS → ΦS ΦD→- ΦD in L (V and Yukawa interaction = Model I only ΦS) and in the vacuum:

Ma,…'78 Barbieri..'06

6 parameters , eg 4 masses + 2 couplings

Higgs boson h (SM-like)

ϕ+

V+h+i ζ ΦS =

(no Higgses!) 4 scalars H+,H-,H, Α no interaction with fermions

Η+

H+i A ΦD =

ΦS as in SM (BEH)

ΦD – no vev

D symmetry ΦS → ΦS ΦD→- ΦD exact → D parity only ΦD has odd D-parity the lightest scalar stable - DM candidate (H) (ΦD dark doublet with dark scalars) IDM: An Archetype for Dark Matter, Lopez Honorez,..Tytgat..07 LHC phenomenology (Barbieri., Ma.. 2006,…)

√2

Inert Doublet Model

Testing Inert Doublet Model Detailed study of - the SM-like h M2

h= m112 = λ1 v2

Study of dark scalars D - masses depend on - the dark scalars D interact always in pairs!

D couple to V = W/Z (eg. AZH, H⁻ W⁺H), not DVV! Quartic selfcouplings D4 proportional to λ2

hopeless to be measured at colliders! Couplings with Higgs: hHH ~ λ345 h H+H- ~ λ3

λ345

Ma'2006,.Barbieri 2006, Dolle,Su, Gorczyca(Świeżewska), MSc T2011, 1112.4356, ...5086, ..1305. Posch 2011, Arhrib..2012, Chang, Stal ..2013

Constraints vacuum stability, perturbative unitarity eg. (full scattering matrix (25x25) for scalars) < 8.38 Kanemura et al. 93; 2001 Akeroyd,Arhrib,Naimi,2000…, Swaczyna 2013

*condition for Inert vacuum* < 9 x104GeV2 Data: EWPT (S and T) LEP, LHC (Higgs), WMAP data New analyses 2013, 2014

LEP exclusion

IDM DM=H

mass of H+ > 70 GeV (model independent) masses H vs A

Lundstrom...

hep-ph/0810.3924

IDM – scan (B. Świeżewska 2012)

H = dark matter 0 > λ45=λ4 + λ5

narrow (wide) range condition for Inert

Inert Doublet Model with Mh=125 GeV

m222 =0

m222= - 106

GeV2

valid up to |m222|= 104GeV2

heavy H/H+

narrow width approx.

Swiezewska

signal strength μ

λ3

Rγγ as a function of mass H and H + Invisible decays makes enhancement impossible

Light H+ with proper sign of hH+H- coupling (λ3 <0) makes enhancement possible

narrow m222 range

Rγγ(2sigma)

Very heavy DM

Rγγ(2sigma)

Invisible decay in IDM constraining coupling hHH

Relic density constraints on masses and couplings of DM

Coannihilation possible for small (AH) splitting

WMAP window for light H (DM)

Relict density for DM with mass 62,64,…,80 GeV

D. Sokołowska, 2013

HA coannihilation ∆ [50,8]

above 76 GeV asymmetry due to annihilation to gauge bosons

70 GeV

Relict DM density

LHC data

hep-ph/ 1305.6266 JHEP 2013

Rγγ > 1 possible DM mass only above 62.5 GeV allowed

DM mass below 62.5 GeV allowed only if Rγγ < 1

Low mass H – excluded by LHC!

Sokołowska/Świeżewska

Rγγ >0.7

New (Planck)

Direct detection – comparison with LHC, Xenon 100 and LUX

… stronger than the dedicated DM experiments

IDM

Heavy DM (Rγγ and Planck)

IDM- for f_N = 0.326

DM production at LHC LHC at 8 TeV P. Swaczyna MSc, May 2013

SM background WW,ZZ, tt Pythia, 2HDMC

above 2

M_H+M_A< 145 GeV M_A>100 GeV

work in progress

Evolution of the Universe in 2HDM– through different vacua in the past

We consider 2HDM with an explicit D symmetry assuming that today the Inert Doublet Model describes reality. In the simplest approximation only mass terms in V vary with temperature like T2, while 𝜆’s are fixed

Various evolution from EWs to Inert phase possible in one, two or three steps, with 1st or 2nd order phase transitions...

Ginzburg, Ivanov, Kanishev 2009 Ginzburg, Kanishev,MK, Sokołowska PRD 2010, Sokołowska 2011

Evolution of vacua on phase diagram (μ1,μ2) μi=mii

2/√λi

stability condition T2 corrections → rays from EWs phase to Inert phase one, two or three stages of Universe (II order phase transitions, one I order)

three regions of R

Nonrestoration of EW symmetry: R <0

c1 or c2 < 0

Only one ray with EW restoration in the past (in one step and Rγγ >1!)

Charged breaking phase

Conclusions Intert Doublet Model in agreement with data Inert phase today - what was in the Past ? Various evolution scenarios : - Ch breaking in the past?-excluded if DM neutral - DM matter may appear later - Inert phase today: Rγγ >1 M_DM>62.5 GeV, and EW symmetry breaking in one step (if Rγγ >1.2 M_H+< 160 GeV) - Strong 1st order PT H+ and A: mass 275-380 GeV

Are we approaching a new era?

Spring 2015 at LHC… Higgs data Dark Matter Dedicated DM analysis at LHC What about ILC ?

International Linear Collider ILC

2007

ILC - options

K. Monig

PLC

9 good reasons to build PLC

1. Precision measurements of the light Higgs boson production

(->bb) and distinguishing SM-like scenarios 2. Testing Higgs selfinteraction 3. Higher mass reach and covering LHC wedge 4. Establishing CP property of Higgs bosons 5. Search for SUSY particles 6. Complementarity to ILC and LHC 7. Photon structure and QCD tests 8. Anomalous W and t couplings 9. New physics in γ γ γ γ

SM Higgs-resonance decaying in bb extracting Γγ γ Studies (simulations) for Mh=120 GeV:

Ohgaki, Takahashi, Watanabe 1997 Jikia, Soldner-Rembold 1999 Asner, Gronberg, Gunion 2001 Niezurawski, Zarnecki, MK 2002 Moenig, Rosca 2003 Cross section x Br ~ 2 % (+Br to bb from e+e- ) → 3 % accuracy for Γγγ

Γγ γ sensitive to SUSY particles, charged Higgs bosons, charged new particles (new generations..).

Distinguishing SM-like scenarios possible Note that hγγ vertex has a phase !!

h

γ

γ

125 GeV H at PLC ? Г (h → γ γ) ~ 3 %

Niezurawski et al.,

Monig, Rosca

MSSM Higgs searches/overall discovery potential (300 fb-1) at LHC

• in some parts >1 Higgs bosons observable • but large area in which only one Higgs boson h (SM-like) observable

LHC wedge

heavy A and H degenerate

Basic question: Could we distinguish SM and MSSM Higgs sector - e.g via rate measurements?

Covering the LHC wedge at PLC

Spira et al Niezurawski et al.,- simulation

Using lin.polarisation -> A,H separation

Zarnecki, Niezurawski, MK

γγ→HH at PLC.

Superior? Comparable? Complement?

Comparing with ILC,

seem-to-be advantage 2 body final state Polarization (JZ=0)

seem-to-be disadvantage Large contribution from box diagrams Luminosity

And we try to answer a question: λHHH

λHHH

Measurement of Higgs self-coupling E. Asakawa D. Harada S. Kanemura,Y. Okada , K. Tsumura LEI 2007 Dec2007,Hiroshima

For 2HDM - Cornet, Hollik 0808.0719[hep-ph] Asakawa at al. 0809.0094[hep-ph]

From the sensitivity to the anomalous selfcoupling of Higgs, the optimum γγ collision energy was found ~ 270 GeV for a Higgs mass of 120 GeV

Large backgrounds γγ→WW,ZZ , bb can be suppressed if correct assignment of tracks to parent partons is achieved and Higgs pair events can be observed with a statistical significance of ∼5σ by operating PLC for 5 y

Earlier study Jikia, Beluscovic, Asakawa at al., Cornet et al..

May 2012

Stat.sensitivity

e+e- 44 % integrated lum. of 2 ab-1 at 500 GeV

M.Peskin (SLAC) in 2010

Final conclusion

Near future 2015-16 looks very interesting