Đồ Án Điều Khiển Và Giám Sát Thiết Bị Từ Xa Bằng Sóng RF

B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT TP. HCM

KHOA IN - IN T

B MN IN T - VIN THNG

-------------------

N MN HC 1

NGNH: CNG NGH K THUT MY TNH

ti:

IU KHIN V GIM ST

THIT B IN T XA

DNG SNG RF

GVHD : NGUYN NG LM

SVTH : LNG VN GIANG

MSSV : 09119010

TP. H CH MINH 01/2013

ai Hoc S Pham Ky Thuat

TP.HCM

Khoa ien ien T

Bo Mon ien T Vien

Thong

CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHA VIET NAM

oc Lap T Do Hanh Phuc

Ngaythang nam 201

PHIEU CHAM O AN MON HOC..

(Danh cho ngi hng dan)

1. Ho ten sinh vien : MSSV:

2. Ten e tai

3. Ngi hng dan :

4. Nhng u iem cua o an :

.

.

5. Nhng thieu sot cua o an:

.

.

.

.

6. e ngh : c bao ve: Bo sung e c bao ve: Khong c bao ve:

7. Cac cau hoi sinh vien phai tra li trc to cham AMH:

a)

..

b)

c)

.

8. anh gia iem (So va ch):..

CH KY va HO TEN

Trang i

LI CM N

Ngi thc hin ti xin c gi li cm n chn thnh n qu Thy c

trong khoa in in T, v nht l qu Thy c thuc b mn in T Vin

Thng ging dy v truyn t kin thc chuyn ngnh cho ngi thc hin

n trong thi gian va qua.

c bit ngi thc hin xin gi li cm n su sc ti thy Nguyn Ng

Lm v s tn tnh hng dn cng nh to nhng iu kin thun li nht cho

ngi thc hin n c th thc hin v hon thnh tt ti ny.

Ngi thc hin n cng khng qun cm n cc bn trong lp trao

i, g p ngi thc hin hon thnh ti ny mt cch tt p v ng thi

gian.

Mc d c nhiu c gng v n lc thc hin, nhng do kin thc cng

nh kh nng bn thn cn nhiu hn ch nn trong qu trnh thc hin ti khng

th trnh khi nhng sai phm, thiu s tRt mong nhn c s g p , ch dn t

ni qu thy c v cc bn sinh vin.

Ngi

Lng Vn Giang

Trang ii

LI NI U

Xut pht t nhu cu thc t qua nhng ng dng tin ch v hiu qu m

cng ngh iu khin t xa mang li, ngi thc hin quyt nh chn ti

g xa d g g RF. ti tp trung nghin

cu v thit k mch c cc chc nng nh bt, tt thit b t xa thng qua cng

ngh s ng R , thao tc ng, ngt b ng tay qua nt nhn, ng thi hin th trng

thi thit b trn LCD 16x2,

Tuy c gng thc hin n trong s nghim tc v trch nhim nht,

nhng do kh nng nghin cu cng nh kin thc bn thn cn nhiu hn ch nn

khng th trnh khi nhng sai phm v thiu s t. Rt mong nhn c nhng

kin ng g p tch cc t qu thy c v cc bn.

Trang iii

MC LC

Trang

Trang ba ................................................................................................................

Trang chm AMH ca GVHD ..........................................................................

LI CM N ...................................................................................................... i

LI NI U .................................................................................................... ii

MC LC ......................................................................................................... iii

LIT K BNG ................................................................................................ iv

LIT K HNH ................................................................................................... v

Chng 1 GI I THIU ........................................................................................ 1

1.1 Mc tiu ti .......................................................................................... 1

1.2 Nhim v ti ......................................................................................... 1

1.3 Gii thiu tng quan ni dung cc chng ............................................... 1

Chng 2 C S L TH Y T .......................................................................... 3

2.1 S ng R .................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Cp IC PT2262/PT2272 ........................................................................... 7

2.3 Kho st vi iu khin AT89S52 ............................................................ 10

2.4 LCD 16x2 ............................................................................................... 14

Chng 3 TNH T N V THI T K H THNG ....................................... 17

3.1 S khi ............................................................................................... 17

3.2 Chc c khi ................................................................................ 17

3.3 Thit k cc khi ..................................................................................... 18

Trang iv

3.4 S nguyn l h thng ....................................................................... 19

3.5 S mch in ......................................................................................... 21

3.6 Linh kin s dng trong mch ................................................................ 23

3.7 Phn tch chng trnh cho vi iu khin ............................................... 23

Chng 4 K T QU V H NG PHT TRIN ........................................... 25

4.1 Kt qu thi cng ...................................................................................... 25

4.2 Kt qu t c ..................................................................................... 28

4.3 Hn ch v hng pht trin ................................................................... 28

PH LC .............................................................................................................. 29

TI LIU THAM KHO ..................................................................................... 35

LIT K BNG

Bng 2.1 Phn loi tn s ............................................................................................ 3

Bng 2.2 Thng s k thut module thu RF ............................................................... 5

Bng 2.3 Thng s k thut module pht R ............................................................. 6

Bng 2.4 Chc nng cc chn ca Port 3 .................................................................. 13

Bng 2.5 Chc nng chn LCD 16x2 ....................................................................... 15

Bng 2.6 Tp lnh LCD 16x2 ................................................................................... 16

Bng 3.1 Danh sch linh kin s dng trong mch .................................................. 23

Trang v

LIT K HNH

Hnh 2.1 Cch to v xc nh tn s s ng R ........................................................... 4

Hnh 2.2 Module thu R ............................................................................................. 5

Hnh 2.3 Mch thu R dng IC PT2272 gii m ........................................................ 6

Hnh 2.4 Module pht R ............................................................................................ 6

Hnh 2.5 Mch pht R dng IC PT2262 m h a ...................................................... 7

Hnh 2.6 S chn IC PT2262 ................................................................................. 8

Hnh 2.7 S chn IC PT2272 ................................................................................. 9

Hnh 2.8 S khi T89S52 .................................................................................. 11

Hnh 2.9 S cc chn T89S52 ............................................................................ 12

Hnh 2.10 Mch Reset vi iu khin ......................................................................... 14

Hnh 2.11 Mch kt ni thch anh cho vi iu khin ............................................... 14

Hnh 2.12 Hnh dng v s chn LCD 16x2 ........................................................ 15

Hnh 3.1 S khi .................................................................................................. 17

Hnh 3.2 S nguyn l khi chnh. ...................................................................... 19

Hnh 3.3 S nguyn l khi chp hnh ................................................................ 20

Hnh 3.4 S mch in khi chnh .......................................................................... 21

Hnh 3.5 S mch in khi chp hnh ................................................................... 22

Hnh 3.6 Lu gii thut chng trnh chnh......................................................... 24

Hnh 4.1 Mch khi chnh thc t khi hon thnh .................................................... 25

Hnh 4.2 Mch Relay thc t .................................................................................... 26

Hnh 4.3 Sn phm ti thc t khi hot ng ...................................................... 27

iu khin v gim st thit b in t xa dng s ng R Trang 1

Chng 1 Gii thiu

Chng 1

GI I THI

1.1 M tiu ti

ng trc nhng thch thc ln trong vic tit kim nng lng in,

vn mang ngh a quc gia, ng thi nng cao s tin li trong l nh vc iu

khin - mt trong nhng nhn t quyt nh s pht trin ca t nc, ngi

thc hin ti iu khin v gim st thit b in t xa dng s ng R vi

mc ch thc hnh mt trong nhng ng dng quan trng ca ngnh cng

nghip iu khin thit b. thc hin c iu , ngi thc hin a ra

mt s mc tiu :

- Nghin cu nguyn l hot ng ca module thu pht R .

- Nghin cu hot ng m h a v gii m ca cp IC PT2262/PT2272.

- ng dng thc t chip vi iu khin AT89S52 v phn mm Keil C.

- y dng thut ton iu khin v gim st thit b in.

- Vit chng trnh iu khin v gim st thit b in.

- Tnh ton, thit k v thi cng mch iu khin v gim st thit b in.

1.2 Nhi ti

Thit k v thi cng mch thc hin cc chc nng:

- iu khin t xa: Bt tt thit b t xa thng qua module thu pht R .

- iu khin th cng: Bt tt thit b b ng tay thng qua nt nhn c gn

trn board.

- Mn hnh LCD trn board mch hin th trng thi hot ng ca thit b.

1.3 Gi i thi u tng quan ni dung hng

Ni dung ti c chia thnh 4 chng v c sp xp nh sau:

Chng 1 Gii thiu: trnh by tng quan ni dung chnh trong ti nhng vn

s c cp n trong ton b bi vit.

Chng 2 C s l thuyt: chng ny s i su v l thuyt thu, pht s ng v

tuyn, c ch m h a v gii m ca cp IC PT2262/PT2272, l thuyt LCD 16x2,

ng thi trnh by s lc v vi iu khin T89S52.


Chng 1 Gii thiu

Chng 3 Tnh ton v thit k h thng: cp n nhng tnh ton c th thit

k phn cng cho h thng bao gm cc thng tin v s khi, chc nng, hot

ng cc khi, ng thi tp trung nghin cu lu gii thut v vit code phn

mm cho chng trnh vi iu khin.

Chng 4 Kt qu v hng pht trin: bao gm kt qu thi cng h thng, nhng

u, nhc im v hng pht trin ca n.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Chng 2

C S L TH T

2.1 Sng RF

2.1.1 Khi nim sng RF

Nhng dao ng in t c tn s hng chc v hng trm Hz bc x rt yu.

S ng in t ca chng khng c kh nng truyn i xa. Trong thng tin v tuyn,

ngi ta s dng nhng s ng c tn s t hng nghn Hz tr ln, gi l s ng v

tuyn. S ng R (tn s v tuyn) l s ng in t c di tn s n m trong khong

3 KHz ti 300 GHz.

Bng 2.1 Phn loi tn s

Tn s B sng Tn gi Tn gi Cng d ng

30 300 Hz 10^4 km-

10^3 km

Tn s cc k thp

ELF Cha tn s in mng xoay chiu, cc tn hiu o lng t xa tn thp.

300 3000 Hz 10^3 km-

100 km

Tn s thoi VF Cha cc tn s knh thoi tiu chun.

3 30 kHz 100 km-

10 km

Tn s rt thp VLF Cha phn trn ca di nghe c ca ting n i. Dng cho h thng an ninh, qun s, chuyn dng, thng tin di nc (tu ngm).

30 300 kHz 10 km-1 km Tn s thp LF Dng cho dn ng hng hi v

hng khng.

300 kHz - 3 MHz 1 km-100m Tn s trung bnh MF Dng cho pht thanh thng mi

s ng trung (535 1605 kHz). Cng c dng cho dn ng hng hi v hng khng.

3 - 30 MHz 100m-10m Tn s cao HF Dng trong thng tin v tuyn 2

chiu vi mc ch thng tin c ly xa xuyn lc a, lin lc hng hi, hng khng, nghip d, pht thanh qung b...

30 - 300 MHz 10m-1m Tn s rt cao VHF Dng cho v tuyn di ng, thng

tin hng hi v hng khng, pht thanh M thng mi (88 n 108 MHz), truyn hnh thng mi (knh 2 n 12 tn s t 54 - 216 MHz).

300 MHz - 3 GHz 1m-10 cm Tn s cc cao UHF Dng cho cc knh truyn hnh

thng mi t knh 14 n knh 83, cc dch v thng tin di ng mt t, di ng t bo, mt s h


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

thng radar v dn ng, h thng vi ba v v tinh.

3 30 GHz 10 cm-1 cm Tn s siu cao SHF Dng cho cc knh truyn hnh

thng mi t knh 14 n knh 83, cc dch v thng tin di ng mt t, di ng t bo, mt s h thng radar v dn ng, h thng vi ba v v tinh.

30 300 GHz 1 cm-1mm Tn s cc k cao EHF t s dng trong thng tin v tuyn.

2.1.2 Cch to ra sng RF

c s ng R dng trong iu khin v tuyn, kh i u ngi ta dng mch

dao ng cng h ng LC c kt ni b i mt cun dy v mt t in. Khi mch

LC b kch thch, trong cun dy s xut hin t trng v trong t in s xut hin

in trng. Khi vo trng thi cng h ng, t trng trong cun dy L v in

trng trong t C s kt hp to ra dng s ng in t trng. Dng dy anten ph

hp cho pht s ng trong mch LC vo khng gian, n y s ng R dng cho cng

vic iu khin v tuyn c to ra.

Hnh 2.1 Cch to v xc nh tn s s ng RF

Dng mch cng h ng LC to s ng mang c tn s ln, sau to ra cc

m lnh iu khin, gn cc m lnh iu khin ny vo s ng mang b ng cc

phng php iu ch ri pht chng vo khng gian.

2.1.3 S lc v mt vi module v mch thu pht RF

Trn th thng c rt nhiu dng module thu pht c IC gii m khc nhau.

ti ny trnh by v cp IC thu pht gii m thng dng l IC PT2262/PT2272.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

2.1.3.1 Module ch thu RF

Hnh 2.2 Module thu RF

Bng 2.2 Thng s k thut module thu RF

in p hot ng DC 3 ~ 8V

Dng lm vic 3 m (DC 5V)

Tn s hot ng 315/433MHz

Ch iu ch ASK / OOK

nhy -105 dBm (50 )

Tc


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Hnh 2.3 Mch thu R dng IC PT2272 gii m

2.1.3.2 Module h pht RF

Hnh 2.4 Module pht R

Bng 2.3 Thng s k thut module pht R

in p hot ng DC12V (23A/12V pin)

Tn s 315MHz

Khong cch truyn 150 mt (m )

M h a M c nh hn ghp ni

Kch thc 63mm'39mm'11 0,5 mm

Dao ng khng 4.7 M


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Hnh 2.5 Mch pht R dng IC PT2262 m h a

2.2 Cp IC PT2262/PT2272

PT2262 v PT2272 l sn phm ca Princeton Technology c pht trin

v ra i sau dng m h a 12E/D ca hng Holtek.

2.2.1 IC PT2262

PT2262 l mt IC m h a s dng trong iu khin t xa kt hp vi IC gii m PT2272. Hai IC ny c sn xut trn cng ngh CM S. N m h a d liu v a ch dng song song thnh tn hiu ni tip ph hp cho iu khin t xa dng tia hng ngoi hoc s ng v tuyn da trn cc phng php iu ch. IC PT2262 c ti a 12 chn a ch nn s c 531441 (3^12) m a ch, do gim ng k kh nng trng lp m v gii m tri php.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Hnh 2.6 S chn IC PT2262

Chc nng cc chn IC PT2262

- Trn chn SC1(15) v SC2(16) dng gn in tr R nh tn cho xung nhp, dng to ra cc dy xung m lnh. Tn s xung nhp phi ly tng thch gia bn pht v bn nhn.

- Cc chn 0 - 5(1-6) dng nhp m a ch, trn mi chn c th c 3 trng thi, cho ni masse l bit 0 , cho ni vo ngun dng l bit 1 v b trng l bit .

- Chn 6/D5 - A11/D0 c th dng nh cc chn a ch t 6 n 11, nhng khi dng nh chn nhp d liu th ch xc lp theo mc 0 v mc 1, ch c 2 trng thi 0 hoc 1 .

- Chn TE (14) dng cho xut nh m xung m lnh, n c tc dng mc p thp. Ngh a l khi chn ny mc p thp, n s cho xut ra xung m lnh trn chn Dout.

- Chn Dout(17), l chn ng ra ca nh m tn hiu m lnh, cc tn hiu m lnh u dng xung, ngh a l lc mc p thp, lc mc p cao.

- Chn VCC(18) ni vi ngun. - Chn Vss(9) ni mass. Nh cp, thng th cc chn t 0 n 7 c s dng nh l cc chn

m h a. Nu cc chn ny mch PT2262 c dng nh th no th mch PT2272 cng c dng nh vy. Khi th cc mch pht v mch thu s hiu nhau, cn cc mch pht khc s khng nhn ra.

Cc chn 10 n 13 l cc chn data khi truyn. Nh vy IC ny c th truyn song song 4 bit. Chn 15 v 16 dng gn in tr to thnh tn s truyn nh mong mun.Gi tr in tr chn 15 v 16 IC PT 2272 nh hn 10 ln so vi PT2262.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

2.2.2 IC PT2272

PT2272 l IC gii m iu khin t xa kt hp vi IC m h a PT2262. S chn a ch cng ging nh PT2262 l c ti 12 chn a ch v 531411 m a ch. PT 2272 c sn nhiu la chn ph hp vi nhu cu ng dng: thay i s lng cc chn d liu u ra, cht (L) ng ra hoc tm thi (M) u ra.

Hnh 2.7 S chn IC PT2272

Chc nng ca cc chn:

- Cc chn 0 A7 (1-8) dng nhp m a ch, trn mi chn c th c 3 trng thi, cho ni masse l bit 0 , cho ni vo ngun dng l bit 1 v b trng l bit .

- Chn Vss (9) ni mass. - Chn D3 D0 (10-13) c th dng nh cc chn a ch, nhng khi dng

nh chn nhp d liu th ch xc lp theo mc 0 v mc 1. - Chn DIN (14): Tn hiu nhn c sau khi loi b s ng mang thnh tn hiu

iu khin s c a vo chn ny. - Chn SC1 (15) v SC2 (16) dng gn in tr nh tn cho xung nhp,

xung nhp ny cn thit cho hot ng ca IC. - Chn VT (17): khi chn ny mc cao th tn hiu nhn c l hp l. - Chn VCC (18) ni vi ngun. Nh vy chn 17 PT 2272 s ln mc 1 khi nhn c d liu ng. Cc chn

10 n 13 s nhn data v th hin mc logic tng ng khi nhn.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Nhng c tnh ca IC: - in nng tiu th thp. - Kh nng chng nhiu cao. - C 12 chn a ch v mi chn c ti 3 trng thi: (0) ,(1),( ) - Chn d liu: Ti a 6 chn - Phm vi in p hot ng rng: 4V-15V - S dng in tr dao ng n - Cht hoc x a u ra tc thi.

ng dng: Cp IC PT2262/PT2272 c ng dng iu khin t xa kh ph bin v rng ri trong cng nghip v dn dng:

- H thng bo v t xa: chng trm, bo ng, - iu khin thit b in t xa: n, qut, relay, - Cng nghip chi iu khin t xa,

2.3 Kho st vi iu khin AT89S52

2.3.1 Gii thiu i i u Khi n AT89S52

T89S52 l h IC vi iu khin do hng tmel sn xut. Cc sn phm T89S52 thch hp cho nhng ng dng iu khin. Vic x l trn byte v cc ton s hc cu trc d liu nh c thc hin b ng nhiu ch truy xut d liu nhanh trn R M ni. Tp lnh cung cp mt bng tin dng ca nhng lnh s hc 8 bit gm c lnh nhn v lnh chia. N cung cp nhng h tr m rng trn chip dng cho nhng bin mt bit nh l kiu d liu ring bit cho php qun l v kim tra bit trc tip trong h thng iu khin.

AT89S52 cung cp nhng c tnh chun nh: 8 KByte b nh ch c c th x a v lp trnh nhanh (EPR M), 128 Byte R M, 32 ng I/O, 3TIMER/C NTER 16 Bit, 5 vect ngt c cu trc 2 mc ngt, mt Port ni tip bn song cng, 1 mch dao ng to xung Clock v b dao ng ON-CHIP.

Cc c im ca chip T89S52 c t m tt nh sau:

8 KByte b nh c th lp trnh nhanh, c kh nng ti 1000 chu k ghi/xo

Tn s hot ng t: 0Hz n 24 MHz

3 mc kh a b nh lp trnh

3 b Timer/counter 16 Bit

128 Byte RAM ni.

4 Port xut /nhp I/O 8 bit.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Giao tip ni tip.

64 KB vng nh m ngoi

64 KB vng nh d liu ngoi.

4s cho hot ng nhn hoc chia

2.1.2

Hnh 2.8 S khi T89S52

2.3.2 M t AT89S52

2. .2.1 S h n AT89S52


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Mc d cc thnh vin ca h 8051 (v d 8751, 89S52, 89C51, DS5000) u c cc kiu ng v khc nhau, ch ng hn nh hai hng chn DIP (Dual In-Line Pakage), dng v dt vung P ( uad lat Pakage) v dng chip khng c chn LLC (Leadless Chip Carrier) th chng u c 40 chn cho cc chc nng khc nhau nh vo ra I/ , c RD , ghi R , a ch, d liu v ngt. Cn phi lu mt s hng cung cp mt phin bn 8051 c 20 chn vi s cng vo ra t hn cho cc ng dng yu cu thp hn. Tuy nhin v hu ht cc nh pht trin s dng chip ng v 40 chn vi hai hng chn DIP nn ngi thc hin ti ch tp trung m t phin bn ny.

Hnh 2.9 S cc chn T89S52

2.3.2.2 Chc nng ca cc chn AT89S52

Port 0: T chn 32 n chn 39 (P0.0_P0.7). Port 0 c 2 chc nng: trong cc thit k c nh khng dng b nh m rng n c chc nng nh cc ng I , i vi thit k ln c b nh m rng n c kt hp gia bus a ch v bus d liu.

Port 1: T chn 1 n chn 9 (P1.0 _ P1.7). Port 1 l port I dng cho giao tip vi thit b bn ngoi nu cn.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Port 2: T chn 21 n chn 28 (P2.0 _P2.7). Port 2 l mt port c tc dng kp dng nh cc ng xut/nhp hoc l byte cao ca bus a ch i vi cc thit b dng b nh m rng.

Port 3: T chn 10 n chn 17 (P3.0 _ P3.7). Port 3 l port c tc dng kp.Cc chn ca port ny c nhiu chc nng, c cng dng chuyn i c lin h n cc c tnh c bit ca 89S52 nh bng 3.1:

Bng 2.4 Chc nng cc chn ca Port 3

Chn Tn Chc nng

P3.0 RxD Ng vo Port ni tip

P3.1 TxD Ng ra Port ni tip

P3.2 INT0 Ng vo ngt ngoi 0

P3.3 INT1 Ng vo ngt ngoi 1

P3.4 T0 Ng vo bn ngoi ca b nh thi 1

P3.5 T1 Ng vo bn ngoi ca b nh thi 0

P3.6 WR iu khin ghi b nh d liu ngoi

P3.7 RD iu khin c b nh d liu ngoi

PSEN (Program store enable): PSEN l tn hiu ng ra c tc dng cho php c b nh chng trnh m rng v thng c ni n chn E ca Eprom cho php c cc byte m lnh.PSEN mc thp trong thi gian 89S52 ly lnh. Cc m lnh ca chng trnh c c t Eprom qua bus d liu, c cht vo thanh ghi lnh bn trong 89S52 gii m lnh. Khi 89S52 thi hnh chng trnh trong ROM ni, PSEN mc cao.

ALE (Address Latch Enable): Khi 89S52 truy xut b nh bn ngoi, Port 0 c chc nng l bus a ch vd liu do phi tch cc ng d liu v a ch. Tn hiu ra ALE chn th 30 dng lm tn hiu iu khin gii a hp cc ng a ch v d liu khi kt ni chng vi IC cht. Tn hiu chn LE l mt xung trong khong thi gian port 0 ng vai tr l a ch thp nn cht a ch hon ton t ng.

EA (External Access): Tn hiu vo E (chn 31) thng c mc ln mc 1 hoc mc 0. Nu mc 1, 89S52 thi hnh chng trnh t ROM ni. Nu mc 0, 89S52 thi hnh chng trnh t b nh m rng. Chn E c ly lm chn cp ngun 21V khi lp trnh cho Eprom trong 89S52.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

RST (Reset): Khi ng vo tn hiu ny a lnmc cao t nht 2 chu k my, cc thanh ghi bn trong c np nhng gi tr thch hp kh i ng h thng. Khi cp in mch phi t ng reset.

Hnh 2.10 Mch Reset vi iu khin

C g o dao ng X1, X2: B to dao ng c tch hp bn trong 89S52. Khi s dng 89S52, ngi ta ch cn ni thm thch anh v cc t. Tn s thch anh ty thuc vo mc ch ca ngi s dng, gi tr t thng c chn l 33p.

Hnh 2.11 Mch kt ni thch anh cho vi iu khin

2.4 LCD 16x2

LCD l t vit tt ca Liquid Crystal Display (mn hnh tinh th lng). C

nhiu loi mn hnh LCD vi cc kch c khc nhau, v d nh LCD 16x1 (16 ct

v 1 hng), LCD 16x2 (16 ct v 2 hng), LCD 20x2 (20 ct v 2 hng) Trong

n ny s dng loi LCD 16x2- loi bn ph bin trn th trng.


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Hnh 2.12 Hnh dng v s chn LCD 16x2

Bng 2.5 Chc nng chn LCD 16x2

Ch n K hi u I/O Ch nng

1 VSS - Ngun (GND)

2 VCC - Ngun (+5V)

3 VEE - Chnh tng phn

4 RS I 0=nhp lnh

1= nhp d liu

5 RW I 0=ghi d liu

1= c d liu

6 E I/O Tn hiu cho php

7 D0 I/O Bus d liu 0








15 A - Ngun n LCD (GND)

16 K - Ngun n LCD (+5V)


Chng 2 C s l thuyt

Bng 2.6 Tp lnh LCD 16x2

M (HEX) L nh thanh ghi LCD 16x2

1 a mn hnh hin th

2 Tr v u dng

4 Gim con tr (dch con tr sang tri)

6 Tng con tr (dch con tr sang phi)

5 Dch hin th sang phi

7 Dch hin th sang tri

8 Tt con tr, tt hin th

A Tt hin th, bt con tr

C Bt hin th, tt con tr

E Bt hin th, nhp nhy con tr

F Tt con tr, nhp nhy con tr

10 Dch v tr con tr sang tri

14 Dch v tr con tr sang phi

18 Dch ton b hin th sang tri

1C Dch ton b hin th sang phi

80 p con tr v u dng th nht

C0 p con tr v u dng th hai

38 Hai dng v ma trn 5x7


Chng 2 C s l thuyt


Chng 3Tnh ton v thit k h thng

Chng

TNH TON V THIT K H THNG

3.1 S k i

Hnh .1 S khi

3.2 Ch i

* Khi pht R v m h a: Module pht R pht s ng km d liu m h a t

IC PT2262 thng qua h thng cc nt nhn.



* Khi thu R v gii m: Module thu RF nhn tn hiu s ng mang v gii

m thng qua IC PT2272, sau xut mc tn hiu tng ng n khi iu khin.

Khi chp hnh: nhn tn hiu iu khin, thc hin ng m cc thit b

in thng qua Relay.

* Khi iu khin:

L thnh phn chnh trong h thng, nhn tn hiu t khi thu RF.

ut tn hiu hin th trng thi thit b n khi hin th.

ut tn hiu iu khin n khi chp hnh iu khin ng ngt

cc relay.

* Khi hin th: nhn tn hiu t khi iu khin v hin th cc thng tin

trng thi thit b.

* Khi ngun: cp in p ph hp cho tng linh kin trong mch h

thng hot ng n nh v lin tc.

3.3 Thit k khi

* Module thu pht RF: Dng b module thu pht R 4 nt nhn vi tn s

315 MHz. y l b module kh thng dng, d mua, ng thi phm vi hot ng

kh tt, ph hp vi quy m v yu cu ti.

IC m h a v gii m: Dng cp IC PT2262/PT2272. y l linh kin c

nhiu ngi dng b i tnh chuyn dng, gi thnh r, ng thi d dng s dng b i

n c cp n trong nhiu ngun ti liu.

* Khi iu khin: Cc loi vi iu khin PIC hay VR c nhiu u im

hn so vi 8051 nh h tr kt ni ngoi vi tt hn, tc x l nhanh hn, lp

trnh n gin hn. Tuy nhin ngi thc hin n s dng vi iu khin

AT89S52-chp lp trnh chuyn dng, ph thng, ph hp vi yu cu ti. ng

thi gip ngi thc hin ti ng dng mt cch thit thc kin thc c hc

vo thc t.

* Khi chp hnh: Trong phm vi n mn hc ny, ngi thc hin ti

s dng 3 relay m nhn chc nng ng ngt 3 thit b in. Relay loi

6VDC vi u im: d s dng, thng dng trn th trng, ph hp vi mc in

p khi ngun v c th chu c dng lm vic ln.

* Khi hin th: chn LCD hin th c nhiu thng tin, d kt ni vi vi

iu khin. Trong h thng ny s dng LCD 16x2.



* Khi ngun: s dng IC n p 7805 to in p 5VDC n nh cp cho vi

iu khin AT89S52, LCD, Relay, hot ng.

3.4 S nguyn l h thng

T s khi v cc linh kin chn, ngi thc hin ti tin hnh thit

k s nguyn l .

Hnh 3.2 S nguyn l khi chnh.



Hnh . S nguyn l khi chp hnh



3.5 S mch in

T s nguyn l thit k, ngi thc hin ti tin hnh v s

mch in

Hnh 3.4 S mch in khi chnh



Hnh 3.5 S mch in khi chp hnh



3.6 Linh ki n s d ng trong mch

Bng 3.1 Danh sch linh kin s dng trong mch

S th t

Tn linh ki n S

lng

1 Vi iu khin AT89S52 1

2 Module pht R 4 nt nhn c IC m h a 1

3 Module thu RF 1

4 IC PT 2272M4 1

5 LCD 16x2 1

6 Relay 3

7 Transistor C1815 6

8 Led n 3

9 Thch anh 11.059MHz 1

10 T in 10u 1

11 Diode 1N4007 3

12 T in 33p 2

13 Nt nhn 2 chn 5

14 Bin tr tinh chnh 5K 1

15 in tr 3K9 6

16 in tr 10K 1

17 in tr 330 3

18 in tr 470K 1

3.7 Ph n t h chng trnh ho i iu khin

* u u hng trnh i v i i iu khin:

Nhn tn hiu iu khin t khi thu RF v cc nt nhn.

Xut tn hiu iu khin thit b tng ng thng qua mch Relay

Cp nht v hin th trng thi thit b trn LCD.

* Gii quyt (lu ):



Hnh 3.6 Lu gii thut chng trnh chnh


Chng 4 Kt qu v hng pht trin

Chng 4

KT QU V H NG PHT TRIN

4.1 Kt qu t i

Hnh 4.1 Mch khi chnh thc t khi hon thnh



Hnh 4.2 Mch Relay thc t



Hnh 4. Sn phm ti thc t khi hot ng



4.2 Kt qu t c

u trnh tm hiu v nghin cu hon thnh n gip ngi thc

hin cng c li kin thc c hc v m rng thm nhiu kin thc mi, ng

thi c dp c st vi thc t v rt ra c nhiu kinh nghim b ch. Di s

hng dn ca Thy Nguyn Ng Lm gip ngi thc hin hon thin ti

iu khin v gim st thit b in t xa dng s ng R mt cch hon chnh.

Sau nhiu tun tch cc tm hiu v n lc thc hin, ngi thc hin ti

hon thnh n ng theo yu cu v thi gian quy nh. Di y l nhng

kt qu t c cng nh u im ca mch n:

iu khin ng, ngt thit b in t xa thng qua s ng R

LCD gn trn board hin th trng thi thit b mt cch trc quan.

C ch iu khin trc tip b ng tay trn board rt tin li v d dng s

dng.

Board mch c thit k gn v sp xp hp l, d dng s dng v mang

tnh thm m kh cao.

4.3 Hn ch v p t trin

* Hn ch:

Mt s hn ch cn tn ti trong mch:

- Cha c bin php chng nhiu c th.

- S lng thit b iu khin cn hn ch.

- Cha c tnh nng bo ng khi c s c thit b iu khin.

- Mch hot ng cha thc s n nh do nhiu.

Hng pht trin

- C th pht trin iu khin nhiu thit b hn .

- ng dng iu khin thit b t ng h a trong cng nghip .

- y dng sn phm hon thin hn c v phn cng v phm mm.

- Pht trin ln quy m iu khin ln hn, ng dng ngi nh thng minh.


Ph lc

PH LC

M ngu n hng trnh

Code ho i iu khin:

// Code file lcd 16x2.c

#define RS P3_5 //RW=0 => ghi //RW=1 => doc

#define RW P3_6 //RS=0 => code //RS=1 => data

#define EN P3_7

#define LCD_PORT P1

//==========================

void delay_time(unsigned int time) // Thoi gian time ms

{

while (time--) //trong khi (time=time-1) ng (!=0)

{

TH1=0xFC;

TL1=0x17;

TF1=0;//Xoa co tran

TR1=1;// Starting count

while(!TF1);

TR1=0;//Ngung timer 1

}

}

//================================

void delay_5ms()

{

int i,j;

for(i=0;i


Ph lc

for(j=0;j


Ph lc

void LCD_DATA(unsigned char c)

{

RS=1;//data

RW=0;//ghi

LCD_PORT=c;

EN=1;

EN=0;

delay_5ms();

}

//=============================== IN CHUOI KY TU

void LCD_STRING(unsigned char *s)

{

while(*s) //den NULL thi thoi

{

LCD_DATA(*s);

s++;

}

}

//Code file main.c

#include

#include "LCD 16x2.c"

#define on 0

#define off 1

sbit sign1=P2^0;

sbit sign2=P2^1;

sbit sign3=P2^2;

sbit sign4=P2^3;


Ph lc

sbit lamp1=P2^4;

sbit lamp2=P2^5;

sbit lamp3=P2^6;

int count1=0,count2=0,count3=0;

void main(void)

{

sign1=0;sign2=0;sign3=0;sign4=0;

lamp1=off;

lamp2=off;

lamp3=off;

TMOD=0x10;//Timer 1 che do 1

LCD_INIT();

LCD_CODE(0x80);

LCD_STRING(" DESIGN 1");

LCD_CODE(0xC0);

LCD_STRING(" DEVICE CONTROL");

LCD_CODE(0x80);

delay_time(2000);

LCD_CODE(0X01);

LCD_STRING(" DEVICE STATUS");

LCD_CODE(0xC0);

LCD_STRING("1:OF 2:OF 3:OF");

while(1)

{

while(sign1==0&&sign2==0&&sign3==0&&sign4==0);

if(sign1==1)

{

if(count1==0)

{

lamp1=on;count1=count1+1;


Ph lc

LCD_CODE(0xc0);LCD_STRING("1:ON");delay_time(350);

}

else

{

lamp1=off;count1=count1-1;

LCD_CODE(0xc0);LCD_STRING("1:OF");delay_time(350);

}

while(sign1==1);

}

if(sign2==1)

{

if(count2==0)

{


LCD_CODE(0xC6);LCD_STRING("2:ON");delay_time(350);

}

else

{


LCD_CODE(0xC6);LCD_STRING("2:OF");delay_time(350);

}

while(sign2==1);

}

if(sign3==1)

{

if(count3==0)

{


LCD_CODE(0xCC);LCD_STRING("3:ON");delay_time(350);

}

else


Ph lc

{


LCD_CODE(0xCC);LCD_STRING("3:OF");delay_time(350);

}

while(sign3==1);

}

if(sign4==1)

{

lamp1=off;lamp2=off;lamp3=off;

count1=0;count2=0;count3=0;

LCD_CODE(0xC0);LCD_STRING("1:OF 2:OF 3:OF");

while(sign4==1);

}

}

}


Ti liu tham kho

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1]. Datasheet PT2262

[2]. Datasheet PT2272

[3]. Datasheet module thu pht R 315 MHz

[4]. Datasheet LCD 16x2

[5]. Tng Vn On, H Vi iu Khin 8051,N B Lao ng hi, 2005

[6]. Nguy n Tng C ng - Phan u Th ng, Cu trc v lp trnh h vi iu

khin 8051, N B Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni, 2004.

[7]. Ti liu tham kho t Internet:

http://www.chonhattao.com

http://www.phuclanshop.com

http://www.dientu4u.com

Cng mt s t kh a v ti liu tham kho khc qua cng c tm kim Google.

Documents

Đồ Án Điều Khiển Và Giám Sát Thiết Bị Từ Xa Bằng Sóng RF