Do Now: Write down everything you ate yesterday, dividing it into Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids (fats)9/4/2015

Pre-fixes (write on the back of your chart)Mono = 1

Di = 2

Poly = many, more than one

Hydro = water

Phobic = afraid

Philic = love

Nucleo = nucleus

Macromolecule- A molecule containing a large amount of atoms◦4 Types:◦Carbohydrates◦Lipids◦Proteins◦Nucleic Acids

CarbohydratesFunction: ◦ Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy

◦ Energy for cellular respiration

◦ Structural purposes

Structure:- Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

Monosaccharide

-Simple sugar. Building blocks of more complex sugars: glucose

Disaccharide

-Sugar produced by 2 monosaccharide molecules as a result of dehydration synthesis

Polysaccharide

-More than 2 monosaccharides combined through dehydration synthesis

CarbohydrateMonomer:◦ -Monosaccharides: glucose, fructose

Polymer:- Polysaccharides: glycogen (animal starch)

- Plants store excess sugar in starch

- Chitin: hard exterior shells of crabs and lobsters

- Cellulose: provides structure and durability in plants

Lipids (fats)Function

-Long term energy storage

-Chemical messengers

-Insulation

-Protects soft organs

Lipid Structure-Mostly carbon and hydrogen

-Many lipids form when a glycerol molecule combines with compounds called fatty acids

Monomer:

Triglyceride (glycerol + 3 fatty acids)

Examples: Fat, Oil, Wax, Hormones

ProteinsFunction: essential part of all organisms, participate in every process in cells

-Enzymes

- Structural support

-Transport molecules

-Contractile proteins in muscles

-Body defense

-Signaling and storage

ProteinMonomer:◦ Amino acid (20)

Polymer:◦ Amino acid chain

◦ Form DNA

Examples:

-Enzymes

-Hemoglobin

-Insulin

ProteinStructure: 4 levels of organization

-Primary: Amino acid molecule

-Secondary: Protein molecule is pleated

or twisted to form a coil

-Tertiary: Pleated/coiled chain folds into

3-dimensional structure

-Quaternary: 2+ polypeptide chains

connect to form a single protein molecule

Nucleic Acid-Carries genetic info

-Instructions for making proteins

Nucleic AcidMonomer Structure: consists of 3 parts:◦ - 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base

Examples: DNA, RNA

DNA lab http://www.manmadediy.com/users/chris/posts/1710-how-to-extract-

your-own-dna

Journal EntryOn L side of journal answer the following questions:

-Why did the lab require gargling with salt?

-What did the soap do to the cheek cells?

-What was the purpose of the dye?

-What does end result look like?

Exit TicketNo talking

Raise your hand if you have a question

Flip paper over and put pencil down when finished

You have 10min