Doko.vn 217963 Do an Tot Nghiep MAY NANG CHUYEN

Khoa c kh- B mn CNCTM n tt nghip

CHNG 1:TM HIU CHUNG V TI.

I/ Khi nim chung v my nng chuyn.1. Cng dng v phn loi.My nng chuyn l cc loi my cng tc dng thay i v tr ca i tng cng tc nh thit b mang vt trc tip nh mc treo hoc thit b mang vt gin tip nh gu ngom, nam chm in, bng, gu v.v..cn c vo chuyn ng chnh, my nng chuyn c chia ra lm hai nhm ln: my nng v my vn chuyn lin tc.My nng ch yu phc v cc qa trnh nng vt th khi, cn my vn chuyn lin tc phc v cc qu trnh chuyn vt liu vn, ri trong mt phm vi khng ln.c im lm vic cc c cu ca my nng l ngn hn, lp i lp li v c thi gian dng. Chuyn ng chnh ca my l nng h vt theo phng ng, ngoi ra cn mt s cc chuyn ng khc dch chuyn vt trong mt phng ngang nh chuyn ng quay quanh trc my, di chuyn my, chuyn ng lc quanh trc ngang. Bng s phi hp cc chuyn ng, my c th dch chuyn vt n bt c v tr no trong khng gian lm vic ca n.Cc my nng ch c mt chuyn ng nng h c gi l my v thit b nng n gin, v d nh kch, ti, palng, bn nng, sn thao tc v.v.. loi c t hai chuyn ng tr ln gi l cn trc. Ngoi hai loi k trn cn c mt s loi my nng chuyn dng khc c xp vo nhm ring nh thang my, ging ti( dng trong khai thc m), thit b xp d. Theo cu to v nguyn tc lm vic, chia cn trc ra cc loi sau: Cu trc; Cng trc; Cn trc thp; Cn trc quay di ng; Cn trc ct bum v cn trc ct quay; Cn trc chn v cn trc ni; Cn trc cp.My vn chuyn lin tc vn chuyn vt liu mt cch lin tc, theo tuyn nht nh. Khi lm vic, qu trnh vn chuyn, cht v d ti c tin hnh mt cch ng thi.My vn chuyn lin tc dng vn chuyn vt liu, sn phm, bn thnh phm v.v.. vi c ly khng ln trong phm vi mt nh my, dy truyn sn xut, cng trng, kho bi, nh ga, bn cng, bi khai thc.Cn c vo nguyn l lm vic, my vn chuyn lin tc c chia thnh hai loi: my vn chuyn lin tc bng c kh v my vn chuyn lin tc bng thu lc hay kh nn.2. Cc thng s c bn ca my nng. Sc nng Q( tn, KN) l trng lng ln nht ca vt nng m my c th nng c trng thi lm vic nht nh no ca my( tm vi cho trc, v tr phn quay ca my v.v..); Tm vi R(m) l khong cch theo phng ngang t tm thit b mang vt n trc quay ca my. tm vi ch c cc cn trc c tay cn; Momen ti MQ (tm, KNm) l tch s gia sc nng v tm vi. Momen ti c th l khng i hay thay i theo tm vi; Chiu cao nng H(m) l khong cch t mt bng bn my ng n tm thit b mang vt v tr cao nht. Vi cc cn trc c tay cn th chiu cao nng thay i ph thuc vo tm vi; Khu L(m) l khong cch theo phng ngang gia ng trc ca hai ng ray m trn my di chuyn; ng c tnh ti trng l th m t mi quan h gia sc nng, tm vi v chiu cao nng; Cc thng s ng hc bao gm cc tc ca cc chuyn ng ring r trn my: Tc chuyn ng tnh tin ln xung ca vt nng vn (nng vt), vh (h vt), m/s; Tc di chuyn ca my trn mt phng ngang vdc, m/s; Tc quay ca phn quay quanh trc thng ng ca my nq, vg/ph; Thi gian thay i tm vi T, s l khong thi gian thay i tm vi t tm vi nh nht Rmin n tm vi ln nht Rmax. i khi ngi ta cho tc thay i tm vi trung bnh.3. Mt s my v thit b nng chuyn thng dng.a. Cc my nng cng dng chung.- Cu trc. Cu trc- Cn trc quay.

QL = constQLLmaxQL T Cn trc ct quay Cn trc ct c nh

TL Q Cn trc vi vng quayb. Cc my vn chuyn lin tc.- Bng ti. bS0 S1S2 S3S4S5S6S7

- Xch ti.

- Gung ti. - Bng truyn con ln.

Dn ng bng xch

Dn ng bng bnh rng nn

Dn ng bng ai trn

My chuyn qun tnh.

- My chuyn kiu vt.

4. Pa lngL loi thit b nng c dy cun. Thng c treo trn cao nn cn kch thc nh.C th phn lm 2 loi: pa lng tay v pa lng in.Pa lng tay:c im chung loi ny l u dng xch lm dy nng v dn ng bnh ko. thu gn kch thc dng cc gii php:- Truyn cng sut thnh 2 hoc 3 dng- Trc b dn lp trn trc dn (lp lng khng)- S dng vt liu tt ch to.Xch koXch nngBnh koan ton

Pa lng in: thu gn kch thc cng s dng cc gii php nh palng tay. Dy nng l cp hoc xch. Cc b truyn l bnh rng thng hoc bnh rng hnh tinh. Phanh s dng l loi phanh ma st nhiu a, loi thng ng. C th kt hp thm phanh t ng nng cao an ton, khi phanh in t s c tc dng thng qun tnh cc chi tit. ng c intangkhp nihp sphanh aI IIIIIIV cppIIIIIIIVs rngz2/z1 = 50/14z4/z3 = 58/29z6/z5 = 42/15z8/z7 = 33/13Cc b phn cn c ch to chnh xc m bo kh nng lm vic ca palng l v hp ca v trc dn. V hp c cc l hp v thnh hp vi v tr tng quan xc inh cn c ch to m bo c th lp cc trc v cc chi tit khc ln n theo ng yu cu thit k. Trong qu trnh tm hiu v my nng chuyn em thy rt thch chi tit v hp ca palng. N l chi tit dng hp c phc tp tng i ln ph hp vi mc ca mt n tt nghip ca k s c kh ch to my, c s ng ca thy hng dn, em quyt nh chn v hp ca palng lm chi tit thit k cho n tt nghip ca mnh. Cc thng s c bn ca palng in c chn l: + Ti trng: 2 tn;+ Chiu cao nng: 6m.T bn v lp chung ca chi tit, sau khi tch ring phn v hp v xc nh cc c tnh k thut cng nh cc thng s cng ngh cho ton b v hp cng nh tng phn tch ring ca v hp, di s ch o ca thy hng dn v cho ph hp vi mc v thi gian lm n t nghip, em chn thit k cng ngh 3 phn cui ca v hp cho ti tt nghip ca mnh.

CHNGII: THIT K CNG NGH.

Ni dung vic thit k cng ngh bao gm:1- Phn tch chc nng lm vic ca chi tit;2- Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit;3- Xc nh dng sn xut;4- Chn phng php ch to phi;5- Lp th t cc nguyn cng, cc bc( v s g t, k hiu nh v,kp cht, chn my, chn dao, v k hiu chiu chuyn ng ca dao, ca chi tit); 6- Tnh lng d cho mt b mt v tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li;7-Tnh ch ct v tra theo s tay cng ngh ch to my cc nguyn cng;8-Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn cho tt c cc nguyn cng. S liu ny l c s xc nh cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca quy trnh cng ngh.I/. Phn tch chung:+ Phn tch chc nng, iu kin lm vic ca chi tit.Da vo bn v chi tit ta thy v hp palng l chi tit dng hp. Chc nng chnh ca v hp l dng lp cc b phn khc ca palng nh mt, h thng truyn ng bnh rng bao gm cc vng bi, cc trc v cc bnh rng, h thng phanh v cc c cu iu khin ni chung. Ngoi ra n cn c chc nng che chn v bo v cc b phn cng nh kt ni vi cc b phn khc trong c cu vn chuyn. V hp lm vic trong iu kin thng xuyn c ti trng rung v va p, lm vic khng theo mt chu k nh trc no c, do kt cu ca v hp cn m bo cng vng c th p ng c yu cu cng tc.Vi hnh dng v c im ca chi tit nh vy, ta chn vt liu ch to chi tit l gang xm: GX 15-32 vi cc thnh phn ho hc sau :C = 3 3,7; Si = 1,2 2,5; Mn = 0,25 1,00; S < 0,12; P =0,05 1,00; []bk = 190 MPa; []bu = 320 MPa.+ Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu chi tit.Nhn chung kt cu ca chi tit tng i hp l m bo c th ch to phi bng phng php c. Chi tit c cc gn tr lc m bo cng vng khi lm vic cng nh khi gia cng, chiu dy gn ln m bo khng b nt khi c. V hp c ghp t 6 phn nh li vi nhau, cc phn ny cn c lp ghp sao cho m bo ng tm ca cc l chnh. Nhn chung kt cu lp ghp ca cc phn l tng i hp l v c th d dng gia cng t c chnh xc yu cu. + Xc nh dng sn xut.Sau khi tnh ton s b khi lng ton chi tit khong 100 Kg, vi sn lng hng nm l 1000 chic, theo bng 2.6 TL4 ta tra c dng sn xut l hng lot ln.II. Thit k cng ngh cho tng phn ca v hp. 2.1. Thit k cng ngh cho chi tit s 4. 2.1.1. Bn v ch to chi tit.

2.1.2.Phn tch chc nng lm vic ca chi tit.Chi tit c chc nng chnh l trc chnh ca palng v kt ni vi cc phn khc ca v hp. Trn chi tit c mt l chnh dng lp bi trc v trn vnh c cc l nh v v l bt bu lng. l chnh phi c gia cng m bo vung gc gia ng tm l v b mt lp ghp theo yu cu. Cc b mt lp ghp cng cn c gia cng chnh xc sao cho qu trnh lp ghp c thun li v t cc yu cu k thut ra.2.1.3. Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit.Da vo bn v chi tit ta thy nhn chung kt cu ca chi tit l ph hp vi qu trnh to phi c, m bo chi tit cng vng trong qu trnh gia cng cng nh qu trnh lm vic, cc mt cn gia cng c phn cch vi cc mt khng gia cng. v tr ca cc b mt gia cng cng cho php a dng c vo khi gia cng mt cch d dng. Kt cu ca chi tit cho php qu trnh g t d dng.2.1.4. Chn phng php ch to phi. *Xc nh phng php ch to phiKt cu ca chi tit khng phc tp nhng vt liu ca chi tit l gang xm 15x32 nn ta dng phng php c, ng vi sn xut hng lot ln nn ta chn phng php c trong khun kim loi . Sau khi c cn c nguyn cng lm sch v ct ba via .* Bn v lng phi ca chi tit.

* Chn mt phn khun. 2.1.5. Trnh t cng ngh gia cng chi tit. NC1: Tin th v bn tinh mt A, B, C, mt l 122. NC2: Tin th v bn tinh mt D v E, tin rnh thot phoi. NC3: Khoan v khot ming 6 l bt bu lng mt pha. NC4: Khoan v khot ming 6 l bt bu lng pha cn li. NC5: Tin tinh mt B v C. NC6: Tin tinh mt D v E.2.1.6. S nh v v kp cht, chn my v dao cho tng nguyn cng.2.1.6.1. Chn chun.Chn chun v s dng chun l mt vn rt quan trng v n nh hng trc tip n qu trnh cng ngh, nh hng n vic ch to v s dng g. Chnh v vy chn v s dng chun hp l trong qa trnh gia cng c mt ngha rt ln, gp phn vo vic nng cao chnh xc gia cng cng nh nng sut gia cng. V vy vic chn chun phi da theo kt cu c th ca chi tit, bin php cng ngh trn c s tun theo cc nguyn tc sau:- Chn chun phi xut pht t nguyn tc 6 im sao cho khng ch ht 6 bc t do cn thit ca mi s nguyn cng, tuyt i trnh hin tng thiu v sai nh v;- Chn chun sao cho chi tit gia cng t b bin dng di tc dng ca lc ct v lc kp v phi gim nh c sc lao ng ca cng nhn;- Chn chun sao cho kt cu g n gin, d ch to v thun tin khi s dng, to diu kin nng cao nng xut h gi thnh sn phm;Trn c s ny ta c th chn chun tinh thng nht cho c qa trnh gia cng, t m ta la chn phng n chun th hp l nht da trn h chun tinh ny i n gia cng chun tinh.a. Chn chun tinh.Chun tinh l b mt dng lm chun qua gia cng, khi chn chun tinh cn tun theo nhng li khuyn sau:- Nn chn chun tinh l chun tinh chnh nh vy th chi tit sau khi gia cng s c v tr tng t lc lm vic;- Nn ch chun tinh sao cho c tnh trng chun cao;- Nu iu kin g t v qa trnh cng ngh cho php th nn chn chun tinh l chun tinh thng nht;Khi chn chun phi m bo hai yu cu sau:+ Chn chun tinh phi m bo c chnh xc v v tr tng quan gia cc b mt gia cng vi nhau;+ Phi m bo phn b lng d cho cc b mt s gia cng.Nguyn cng 1: Tin th v bn tinh cc mt A, B, C, tin v vt mp l 122.- S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do bng cc chu kp ca my tin nh hnh v. Vic kp cht c thc hin nh iu chnh cc chu kp to ra p lc ln thnh trong ca chi tit. Vic chn chun th l mt trong ca chi tit khng gia cng s m bo phn b lng d cho cc b mt, ng thi m bo chnh xc cn thit ca b mt khng gia cng ny vi cc b mt khc ca chi tit.

- Chn my v dao.+ Chn my.Vi kch thc ng knh ln nht ca chi tit phi gia cng l 450 mm, ng thi ph hp vi iu kin sn xut ca nc ta hin nay, chn my gia cng l my tin vn nng 1K625. Cc thng s k thut ch yu ca my nh sau: ng knh gia cng ln nht: 500 mm; Khong cch hai u tm: 1000-1400-2000 mm; ng knh ln nht ca chi tit gia cng c trn bn dao: 260 mm; Chiu di ln nht tin c trn hai u tm: 930-1330-1930; ng knh ln nht ca vt lun qua trc chnh: 50mm; ng knh l trc chnh: 52 mm; cn trc chnh, mooc : N06; S cp tc : 23; Gii hn vng quay: 12,52000 vng/pht; S cp tc chy dao : 12 cp; Gii hn chy dao : dc 0,074,16 mm/v; ngang 0,0352,08 mm/v; Cng sut ng c: 10 kW; Kch thc my 2812x1216x1349 mm; phc tp sa cha R: 29.+ Chn dao. .Tin mt u: dng dao tin ngoi thn cong gn mnh hp kim cng BK8 vi cc kch thc H=25, B =16( Bng 4.4-TL1).. Tin l: dng dao tin l gn mnh hp kim cng BK8 vi cc kch thc h =20, b =20, gc nghing chnh = 600( Bng 4.13-TL1).Nguyn cng 2: Tin th v bn tinh mt D, E, tin rnh thot phoi v vt mp l 122. - S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do: phin t nh v vo mt B gia cng khng ch 3 bc, cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc. K t nguyn cng ny ta s dng mt l chnh 122 lm chun tinh thng nht thc hin cc nguyn cng cn li. Vic kp cht c thc hin nh n kp lin ng kp cht vo mt bch ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Vic chn my v dao nh nguyn cng trn.Ngun cng 3: Khoan v khot ming 6 l bt bu lng pha mt D.- S nh v v kp cht.Trong nguyn cng ny ta s dng phin dn c lp cc bc dn, phin dn c nh v trc tip vo chi tit theo 5 bc t do thng qua cc cht t t vo mt trn D gia cng ca chi tit khng ch 3 bc v cht tr nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc. Do chi tit l dng i xng nn khng cn khng ch bc t do xoay quanh tm ca chi tit. C cm chi tit c lp phin dn v bc dn c nh v vo thn g thng qua phin t t vo mt B khng ch 3 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit, phin dn c thc hin nh bu lng ai c bt cht vo thn g. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

Vi phng n ny s cho ta ng tm gia cc l bt bu lng vi l chnh l tt hn c, ng thi m bo c vung gc gia tm cc l bt bu lng vi mt bch lp ghp D.- Chn my v dng c ct..Chn my:Vi kch thc chi tit nh vy ta c th gia cng trn my khoan cn 2H52. Cc thng s c bn ca my khoan cn 2H53 nh sau: ng knh gia cng ln nht : 35 mm; Khong cch t tm trc chnh ti trc my: 3201250 mm; Khong cch t trc chnh ti bn my: 4001400 mm; cn trc chnh : moc N04; S cp tc : 12; Gii hn vng quay: 252500 vng/pht; S cp tc cp tc chy dao : 12 cp; Gii hn chy dao : 0,0561,22 mm/vng; Dch chuyn ngang ln nht ca u khoan: 900mm; Gc quay ln nht ca cn xung quanh trc thng ng: 3600; Dch chuyn thng ng ln nht ca cn: 700 mm; Dch chuyn thng ng ln nht ca trc chnh: 300mm; Cng sut ng c chnh: 2,8 kW; Kch thc my 2240x870x3035 mm; phc tp sa cha R: 29..Chn dao:Chn mi khoan rut g tra bng 4.41 TL1 bng thp gi P18 ui tr loi ngn vi ng knh d = 12mm, chiu di L = 102mm, chiu di phn lm vic l = 51mm.Nguyn cng 4: Khoan v khot ming 6 l bt bu lng pha mt B.- S nh v v kp cht.Trong nguyn cng ny ta s dng phin dn c lp cc bc dn, phin dn c nh v trc tip vo chi tit theo 5 bc t do thng qua cc cht t t vo mt trn B gia cng ca chi tit khng ch 3 bc v cht tr nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc. Do chi tit l dng i xng nn khng cn khng ch bc t do xoay quanh tm ca chi tit. C cm chi tit c lp phin dn v bc dn c nh v vo thn g thng qua phin t t vo mt D khng ch 3 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit, phin dn c thc hin nh bu lng ai c bt cht vo thn g. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

Chn my v dao: nh nguyn cng trn.Nguyn cng 5: Tin tinh 2 mt lp ghp B v C.- S nh v v kp cht. nguyn cng ny, sau khi c cc b mt qua gia cng, ta s dng b mt lp ghp D v mt l chnh 122 lm cc mt nh v. Phin t t vo mt D khng ch 3 bc t do, cht cn t la nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit c thc hin bng n kp lin ng t vo mt bch lp ghp ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht c thc hin nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Chn my v dao nh nguyn cng 1 v 2.Nguyn cng 6: Tin tinh 2 b mt lp ghp cn li D v E.- S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do: phin t t vo mt B khng ch 3 bc t do, cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l 122 khng ch 2 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit vo thn g cng c thc hin bng n kp lin ng p vo mt bch lp ghp ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao: Vic chn my v dao nh nguyn cng trn.2.1.7. Tnh lng d cho mt b mt v tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li.Lng d gia cng c xc nh hp l v tr s v dung sai s gp phn bo m hiu qu kinh t ca qu trnh cng ngh v:Lng d qu ln s tn nguyn vt liu, tiu hao lao ng gia cng nhiu ng thi tn nng lng in, dng c ct, vn chuyn nng . . . dn n gi thnh tng.Ngc li, lng d qu nh s khng ht i cc sai lch ca phi bin phi thnh chi tit hon chnh.Trong cng ngh ch to my, ngi ta s dng hai phng php sau y xc nh lng d gia cng:Phng php thng k kinh nghim.Phng php tnh ton phn tch.Phng php thng k kinh nghim xcnh lng d gia cng bng kinh nghim. Nhc im ca phng php ny l khng xt n nhng iu kin gia cng c th nn gi tr lng d thng ln hn gi tr cn thit.Ngc li, phng php tnh ton phn tch da trn c s phn tch cc yu t to ra lp kim loi cn phi ct gt to ra chi tit hon chnh.Trong n ny ch tnh lng d theo phng php phn tch cho b mt B, cn li l thng k kinh nghim.2.1.7.1. Tnh lng d gia cng khi gia cng b mt B.Cc bc cng ngh thc hin khi gia cng b mt B: Tin th; Tin bn tinh; Tin tinh.a) Tnh lng d gia cng ti thiu Zmin.Lng d gia cng ti thiu theo phng php gia cng ny c xc nh theo cng thc sau:Zmin = Rzi-1+ Tai-1 + i-1+ i.Trong : Rzi-1: Chiu cao nhp nh t vi do bc cng ngh st trc li. Tai-1: Chiu su lp kim loi b mt b h hng do bc cng ngh st trc li. i-1: Sai lch v v tr tng quan v sai s khng gian tng cng do bc cng ngh st trc li. i: Sai s g t chi tit bc cng ngh ang thc hin. Bc tin th:Trc bc tin th, b mt gia cng l b mt sau c. Theo bng 3.2 TL4 ta c cc thng s b mt ca chi tit nh sau:Rz= 200(m); Ta =300 (m).Sai lch khng gian tng cng c xc nh theo cng thc sau: phi = CV ( cong vnh).Theo bng 3.7 TL4, ta c cong vnh n v ca phi c dng hp k = 0,7 1 m/ 1 mm chiu di chn k = 1.Suy ra : phi = 1x450 = 450 (m.).- Bc tin bn tinh:Sau bc tin th i lng Ta khng cn na, ch cn Rz v .Theo bng 3.4 TL4 ta c: Rz = 50 m. cong vnh n v sau bc nguyn cng u tin ca phi c tra theo bng 3.7 TL4 ta c: k = 0,04. = 0.04x450= 18 (m).- Bc tin tinh.Sau bc tin bn tinh th cng vnh khng cn na, ch cn Rz. vi cp chnh xc t c l 9 Rz = 20 (m).- Sai s g t c tnh theo cng thc sau: g2 = c2 + k2 +g2Sai s g thng khng lin quan n qu trnh g t, do chng thng c tnh c lp, v th c th tnh gn ng: g2 = c2 + k2.Trong : - c l sai s do chn chun( nh v ); - k l sai s do kp cht.Sai s k xut hin do bin dng n hi v bin dng tip xc ca cc b mt ca phi v phin t ca g, sai s kp cht s lm thay i v tr yu cu ca b mt gia cng. sai s kp cht c gi tr ng bng khong dao ng v tr ca mt t so vi gc kch thc theo phng ca kch thc gia cng.Sai s do kp cht c xc nh theo cng thc sau: k = C.Qn. cosTrong : C: h s c trng cho iu kin tip xc, vt liu v cng ca mt chun ca phi. Q: lc kp cht. : gc gia phng ca lc kp v phng ca kch thc gia cng.Do bc tin th v bn tinh phng ca lc kp v phng ca kch thc gia cng vung gc vi nhau nn k = 0. bc tin tinh, do cha d liu tnh ton nn ta c th xc nh k da vo bng 3.14 TL4, vi b mt qua gia cng s b ta c: k = 140 (m).- Sai s do chn chun: bc tin th v bn tinh, do chun nh v khng trng vi chun kch thc nn c sai s chun. Sai s chun c ga tr bng dung sai ca kch thc tnh t chun o ti chun nh v theo phng ca kch thc gia cng.

Vi phi c trong khun kim loi t cp chnh xc 12 n 14, kch thc tnh t chun o n chun nh v l 95mm, ta c dung sai ca kch thc ny l 890 (m), vy c = 870(m). bc tin tinh, do chun nh v trng vi chun o nn khng c sai s chun, tc l c = 0.Vy sai s g t cc bc nh sau: Bc tin th: gd = 0 = 870(m);Bc tin bn tinh: gd = 0 = 870(m);Bc tin tinh: gd = k = 140(m).Nh vy lng d gia cng ti thiu cho cc bc khi gia cng b mt B nh sau:Bc tin th: Zmin = 200+ 300+ 450+ 870 = 1820(m);Bc tin bn tinh: Zmin = 50+ 18+ 870 = 938(m);Bc tin tinh: Zmin = 20+ 140 = 160(m).Theo phng php tnh lng d gia cng v cc kch thc gii hn theo cc bc cng ngh cho mt ngoi, ta c bng kt qu sau:Trong :- Ct kch thc tnh ton c xc nh nh sau:Ghi kch thc ca chi tit( kch thc nh nht theo bn v) vo cui cng. Cc kch thc khc hnh thnh bng cch ly kch thc tnh ton ca cc bc ngay sau n cng vi lng d tnh ton nh nht.- Dung sai ca cc nguyn cng tm bng cch tra bng trong TL1.- Xc nh kch thc gii hn nh nht bng cch lm trn kch thc tnh ton theo hng s c ngha ca dung sai theo chiu tng.- Xc nh kch thc gii hn ln nht bng cch cng kch thc gii hn nh nht vi dung sai tng ng. Bc cng nghCc thnh phn ca lng dLng d tnh ton Zminkch thc tnh tonH,mmDung sai , mkch thc gii hn, mmLng d gii hn, mm

RaTaaiHminHmaxZbminZbmax

Phi200300450109.258870109.26110.13

Tin th500188701820107.438500107.44107.9418202190

Bn tinh2000870938106.587106.5106.5879401353

Tng cng27603543

Kim tra kt qu tnh ton :Z0max- Z0min =3543 - 2760 = 783(m).ph- ct = 870 - 87 = 783 (m).Ta thy kt qu tnh ton l chnh xc.2.1.7.2. Tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li.Vi phng php c trong khun kim loi, phi c cp chnh xc II, kch thc ln nht ca chi tit l 450, tra bng 3.95 TL1 ta c lng d ca cc b mt khc ca chi tit nh sau:

B mtkch thcLng dDung sai

A1152,50,5

C3452x3+1

D1002,50,5

E4402x3+1

1222x3+0,5

2.1.8. Tnh ch ct cho mt nguyn cng. Tra ch ct cho cc nguyn cng cn li.2.1.8.1. Tnh ch ct cho nguyn cng V.y l nguyn cng tin tinh 2 b mt lp ghp B v C.a) Chiu su ct t = 0,6mm.b) Lng chy dao S = 0,23 mm/vng tra bng 5.14 TL2.

c) Tc ct V: Trong :- CV v cc s m tra bng 5.17 TL2. CV =292; m =0,2; x = 0,15; y = 0,2.- Chu k bn T khi gia cng mt dao theo TL2; T = 50 (Pht).- H s iu chnh chung cho tc ct tnh n cc iu kin ct thc t:kV = knv.kMV.kuv.+kMV : H s ph thuc vo vt liu gia cng, tra bng 5.1 TL2 ta c:

Kmv = +kuv: H s ph thuc vo vt liu dng c ct, tra bng 5.6 TL2 ta c: Kuv = 1.+knv: h s ph thuc trng thi b mt ca phi, Tra bng 5.5 TL2 ta c: knv = 0,82. Vy kV = 1.0,82.1 = 0,82.

Tc ct: = 158,6 160 m/pht.Tc quay ca trc chnh:

N = (v/p).Theo dy tiu chun ca my chn N = 150 (v/p).d, Lc ct P. Lc ct P c chia thnh 3 thnh phn theo to ca my, bao gm: lc ct theo hng tip tuyn PZ; lc ct theo hng knh PY v lc ct theo hng trc PX c xc nh theo cng thc sau: P X,Y,Z = 10.CP.tx.Sy.Vn.kp.Thnh phn PX: + Cp v cc s m tra bng 5.23 TL2 ta c: Cp = 46; x = 1; y = 0,4; n = 0. + KP: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo cc iu kin gia cng c th KP = KMp.Kp.Kp.Kp.Krp, tra bng 5.9, 5.10 v 5.22 TL2 ta c: KMV = 1; Kp = 1; Kp = 1,4; Kp = 0,85; Krp = 1. KP = 1x1x1,4x0,85x1 = 1,19. vy Px = 10x46x0,61x0,230,4x158,60x1,19 = 182,442(N).Thnh phn PY: + Cp v cc s m tra bng 5.23 TL2 ta c: Cp = 54; x = 0,9; y = 0,75; n = 0. + KP: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo cc iu kin gia cng c th KP = KMp.Kp.Kp.Kp.Krp, tra bng 5.9, 5.10 v 5.22 TL2 ta c: KMV = 1; Kp = 1; Kp = 1,4; Kp = 1,25; Krp = 1. KP = 1x1x1,4x1,25x1 = 1,75. vy Px = 10x54x0,60,9x0,230,75x158,60x1,75 = 198,18(N).Thnh phn PZ: + Cp v cc s m tra bng 5.23 TL2 ta c: Cp = 92; x = 1; y = 0,75; n = 0. + KP: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo cc iu kin gia cng c th KP = KMp.Kp.Kp.Kp.Krp, tra bng 5.9, 5.10 v 5.22 TL2 ta c: KMV = 1; Kp = 1; Kp = 1,1; Kp = 1; Krp = 1. KP = 1x1x1,1x1x1 = 1,1. vy Px = 10x92x0,61x0,230,75x158,60x1,1 = 201,66(N).e) Cng sut ct.

Ne = kW.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin tinh160 1500,60,2334,5

Bc CNV(m/pht)n(v/pht)t(mm)S(mm/vg)S(mm/ph)

2.1.8. 2. Tnh ch ct cho cc nguyn cng cn li.a) Nguyn cng I: Bc 1: Tin th l 122.- Chiu su ct: t =1,5 mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.61-TL2 ta c: S = 0,4mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1).- Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.122) = 135,74 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 150 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.122.150/1000 = 57,5 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,4x150 = 60 mm/pht.Bc 2: Tin bn tinh v vt mp l 122.- Chiu su ct: t =1mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0,3mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1).- Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 124.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 124.0,72.0,83.1.1 =74,1m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.74,1/(3,14.122) = 193,4 vng/pht.Chn tc my: n = 190 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.122.190/1000 = 72,78 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,3.190 = 57 mm/pht.Bc 3: Tin th mt B v C.- Chiu su ct: t =1.5mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 1 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1).- Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.345) = 48 vng/pht.Chn tc my: n = 47,5 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.345.47,5/1000 = 51,45 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 1x47,5 = 47,5 mm/pht.Bc 4: Tin bn tinh mt B v C.- Chiu su ct: t =1mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0,7mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 124.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 124.0,72.0,83.1.1 =74,1m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.74,1/(3,14.345) = 68,4vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 75 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.345.75/1000 = 81,25 m/pht. Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,7x75 = 52,5 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin bn tinh74,17510,752,5

Tin th mt B, C5247,51,5147,5

Tin bn tinh74,119010,357

Tin th l 122521501,50,460


b) Nguyn cng II: Tin th v bn tinh mt D,C.Chn ch ct tng t nh khi gia cng mt B v C.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin bn tinh74,17510,752,5

Tin th mt D, E5247,51,5147,5


c) Nguyn cng III: Khoan, khot ming 6 l 12 pha mt D.Bc1: Khoan.Mi khoan rut g thp gi 12.- Chiu su ct: t = 6 mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.89-TL2 ta c: S = 0,45 mm/vng.- Tc ct tra bng 5.90 -TL2 ta c: Vb = 33 m/pht.- Tc tnh ton: Vt = Vb.k1.k2+ H s iu chnh k1 ph thuc chu k bn ca mi khoan, k1=1,0.+ H s iu chnh k2 ph thuc chiu su khoan(bng 5.87-TL2), k2=1,0. Vt = 33.1.1 = 33 m/pht.- Tc quay ca trc chnh: N = 1000Vt/.D = 1000.33/(3,14.12) = 875,8 vng/pht.Chn tc my: n = 850 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.12.850/1000 = 32,03 m/pht. Bc 2: Khot ming l.Dng mi khot ng knh 24 mm. Chiu su ct t = 6 mm. Lng chy dao S = 0,9 mm/vng. Tc ct tra theo bng 5.106 TL2, Vb = 20 m/ph. Tc quay ca trc chnh: n = 1000.20/(3,14.24) = 256,4 v/ph.Chn n = 250 v/ph.- Tc ct tnh ton li:

V= m/ph- Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 0,9.250 = 225 mm/ph.- Bng thng k ch ct:Khot 2025060,9225

Khoan 3385060,45382,5


d) Nguyn cng IV: Khoan, khot ming 6 l 12 pha mt B.Chn ch ct nh khi gia cng 6 l trn mt D.- Bng thng k ch ct:Khot 2025060,9225

Khoan 3385060,45382,5


e) Nguyn cng VI: Tin tinh mt D v E.Chn ch ct nh nguyn cng V.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin tinh160 1500,60,2334,5


2.1.9. Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn cho tt c cc nguyn cng. - Thi gian nguyn cng c xc nh theo cng thc: Tct = To + Tp + Tpv + Ttn. Trong : Tct : thi gian tng chic (thi gian nguyn cng ). To : thi gian c bn(thi gian cn thit bin i trc tip hnh dng, kch thc, tnh cht c l ca chi tit). Tp : thi gian ph(thi gian cn thit ngi cng nhn g, tho chi tit, m my, mi dao, iu chnh my. . .), Tp = 0,1To. Tpv : thi gian phc v ch lm vic gm: thi gian phc v k thut, mi dao, iu chnh my . . ., Tpv = 0,11To. Ttn : thi gian ngh ngi t nhin ca cng nhn, Ttn = 0,05To. Tct = To + 0,1To + 0,11To + 0,05To = 1,26To.- Thi gian c bn c xc nh theo cng thc: To = (L1 + L2 + L)/(S.n).(pht) Trong : L: Chiu di b mt gia cng (mm). L1: Chiu di n dao (mm). L2: Chiu di thot dao (mm). S: Lng chy dao vng / hnh trnh kp. n: S vng quay hay hnh trnh kp/pht. Nguyn cng I: Bc1: Tin th v bn tinh mt l 122.Tin th.Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,4mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 150 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 43 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Tin bn tinh:Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,3mm/vng. t = 1 mm. n = 190 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 43 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1 n 2,5 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (0,8+0,85) = 2,08 pht.Bc 2: Tin th v bn tinh mt B, C. Tin th: Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 47,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 52,5 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Tin bn tinh:Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,7mm/vng. t = 1 mm. n = 75 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 52,5 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1 n 2,5 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (1,22+1,105) = 2,93 pht.Nguyn cng II: Tin th v bn tinh mt D, E.Do kch thc mt D v E gn ging kch thc mt B v C, nguyn cng ny li c cng ch gia cng nn ta c th ly thi gian gia cng cho nguyn cng ny bng thi gian gia cng cho bc gia cng th v bn tinh mt B v C, tc l:Tct = 1,26.To = 2,93 pht.Nguyn cng III: Khoan v khot ming 6 l 12 mt D.Bc 1: khoan. S = 0,45 mm/vng. t = 6 mm. n = 850 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.6 TL[3] ta c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n)Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 15 mm . L1 = 0,5d.cotg + (0,5 n 2). L2 = 3 mm.L1 = 0,5.12.cotg 59 +(0,5 n 2), chn L1 = 5 mm. To = (5 + 15 + 3)/(0,45.850) = 0,06 pht. Tct = 1,26.To = 0,08 pht, 6 l nn Tct = 0,48 pht.Bc 2: khot tr mt u.. S = 0,9 mm/vng. t = 6 mm. n = 250 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.4 TL3 ta c:

Lcb = ph. Vi D= 24; d= 12; = 25o ta c: L1 = 0,5 n 2 mm chn L1 = 2 mm. L = 3 mm.

To = pht.6 l To =6x 0,022 = 0,133 pht. TCT = 1,26x0,133 =0,168 pht.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 0,48+ 0,168 = 0,648 pht.Nguyn cng IV: khoan, khot tr 6 l 12 mt B.Thi gian nguyn cng ging nh khi gia cng m D.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 0,48+ 0,168 = 0,648 pht.Nguyn cng V:Tin tinh mt B, C.Ch ct nguyn cng ny l: S = 0,23 mm/vng. t = 0,6 mm. n = 150 vng/pht.Gia cng mt B.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 52,5 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 = 0,6.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) = 0,8 n 2,3 mm. Chn L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Gia cng mt C. L = 6 mm. L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 1,26x(1,666+ 0,32) = 2,502 pht.Nguyn cng VI: Tin tinh mt B v C. Thi gian nguyn cng nh nguyn cng V.T = 2,502 pht.

2.2. Thit k cng ngh cho chi tit s 5.2.2.1. Bn v ch to chi tit.

2.2.2.Phn tch chc nng lm vic ca chi tit.Chi tit c chc nng chnh l trc chnh ca palng v kt ni vi cc phn khc ca v hp. Trn chi tit c 4 l chnh dng lp bi trc v trn vnh c cc l nh v v l bt bu lng. Cc l chnh phi c gia cng m bo vung gc gia ng tm l v b mt lp ghp theo yu cu. Cc b mt lp ghp cng cn c gia cng chnh xc sao cho qu trnh lp ghp c thun li v t cc yu cu k thut ra.2.2.3. Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit.Da vo bn v chi tit ta thy nhn chung kt cu ca chi tit l ph hp vi qu trnh to phi c, m bo chi tit cng vng trong qu trnh gia cng cng nh qu trnh lm vic, cc mt cn gia cng c phn cch vi cc mt khng gia cng. v tr ca cc b mt gia cng cng cho php a dng c vo khi gia cng mt cch d dng. Kt cu ca chi tit cho php qu trnh g t d dng.2.2.4. Chn phng php ch to phi. *Xc nh phng php ch to phiKt cu ca chi tit khng phc tp nhng vt liu ca chi tit l gang xm 15x32 nn ta dng phng php c, ng vi sn xut hng lot ln nn ta chn phng php c trong khun kim loi . Sau khi c cn c nguyn cng lm sch v ct ba via .* Bn v lng phi ca chi tit.

* Chn mt phn khun. 2.2.5. Trnh t cng ngh gia cng chi tit. NC1: Tin th v bn tinh mt A, B, mt v vt mp l 100. NC2: Tin th v bn tinh mtC v D, vt mp l 100. NC3: Khoan 6 l bt bu lng 12. NC4: Tin th v bn tinh mt E, tin tinh mt B. NC5: Tin tinh mt D v E. NC6: Tin tinh mt D v E.2.2.6. S nh v v kp cht, chn my v dao cho tng nguyn cng.Nguyn cng 1: Tin th v bn tinh cc mt A, B, tin v vt mp l 100.- S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do bng cc chu kp ca my tin nh hnh v. Vic kp cht c thc hin nh iu chnh cc chu kp to ra p lc ln mt bn ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.+ Chn my.Vi kch thc ng knh ln nht ca chi tit phi gia cng l 440 mm, ng thi ph hp vi iu kin sn xut ca nc ta hin nay, chn my gia cng l my tin vn nng 1K625. Cc thng s k thut ch yu ca my nh sau: ng knh gia cng ln nht : 500 mm; Khong cch hai u tm: 1000-1400-2000 mm; ng knh ln nht ca chi tit gia cng c trn bn dao: 260 mm; Chiu di ln nht tin c trn hai u tm: 930-1330-1930; ng knh ln nht ca vt lun qua trc chnh: 50mm; ng knh l trc chnh: 52 mm; cn trc chnh, mooc : N06; S cp tc : 23; Gii hn vng quay: 12,52000 vng/pht; S cp tc chy dao : 12 cp; Gii hn chy dao : dc 0,074,16 mm/v; ngang 0,0352,08 mm/v; Cng sut ng c: 10 kW; Kch thc my 2812x1216x1349 mm; phc tp sa cha R: 29.+ Chn dao. .Tin mt u: dng dao tin ngoi thn cong gn mnh hp kim cng BK8 vi cc kch thc H=25, B =16( Bng 4.4-TL1).. Tin l: dng dao tin l gn mnh hp kim cng BK8 vi cc kch thc h=20; b =20( Bng 4.13-TL1).Nguyn cng 2: Tin th v bn tinh mt C, D, vt mp l 100. - S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do bng cc chu kp ca my tin nh hnh v. Vic kp cht c thc hin nh iu chnh cc chu kp to ra p lc ln mt bn ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Vic chn my v dao nh nguyn cng trn.Ngun cng 3: Khoan 6 l bt bu lng 12 .- S nh v v kp cht.Trong nguyn cng ny ta s dng phin dn c lp cc bc dn, phin dn c nh v trc tip vo chi tit theo 5 bc t do thng qua cc cht t t vo mt trn A gia cng ca chi tit khng ch 3 bc v cht tr nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc. C cm chi tit c lp phin dn v bc dn c nh v vo thn g thng qua phin t t vo mt C khng ch 3 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit, phin dn c thc hin nh bu lng ai c bt cht vo thn g. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dng c ct..Chn my:Vi kch thc chi tit nh vy ta c th gia cng trn my khoan cn 2H52. Cc thng s c bn ca my khoan cn 2H53 nh sau: ng knh gia cng ln nht : 35 mm; Khong cch t tm trc chnh ti trc my: 3201250 mm; Khong cch t trc chnh ti bn my: 4001400 mm; cn trc chnh : moc N04; S cp tc : 12; Gii hn vng quay: 252500 vng/pht; S cp tc cp tc chy dao : 12 cp; Gii hn chy dao : 0,0561,22 mm/vng; Dch chuyn ngang ln nht ca u khoan: 900mm; Gc quay ln nht ca cn xung quanh trc thng ng: 3600; Dch chuyn thng ng ln nht ca cn: 700 mm; Dch chuyn thng ng ln nht ca trc chnh: 300mm; Cng sut ng c chnh: 2,8 kW; Kch thc my 2240x870x3035 mm; phc tp sa cha R: 29..Chn dao: Chn mi khoan rut g tra bng 4.41 TL1 bng thp gi P18 ui tr loi ngn vi ng knh d = 12mm, chiu di L = 102mm , chiu di phn lm vic l = 51mm.Nguyn cng 4: Tin th v bn tinh mt ngoi E, tin tinh mt B.- S nh v v kp cht. nguyn cng ny, sau khi c cc b mt qua gia cng, ta s dng b mt lp ghp D v mt l chnh 100 lm cc mt nh v. Phin t t vo mt D khng ch 3 bc t do, cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit c thc hin bng bu lng lun qua l chnh ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht c thc hin nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Chn my v dao nh nguyn cng 1 v 2.Nguyn cng 5: Tin tinh 2 b mt lp ghp cn li D v E.- S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do: phin t t vo mt B khng ch 3 bc t do, cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l 100 khng ch 2 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit vo thn g cng c thc hin bng bu lng lun qua l chnh ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Chn my v dao nh nguyn cng trn.2.2.7. Tra lng d cho cc b mt ca chi tit.Da vo phng php ch to phi, vt liu ca chi tit v cc kch thc ca chi tit, theo TL1 ta tra c lng d cn thit cho cc b mt ca chi tit nh sau:B mtkch thcLng dDung sai

A,C432x2,50,5

B,D162x2,5+0,3

1001002x3+0,5

50502x2,5+0,5

60602x2,5+0,5

70702x2,5+0,5

2.2.8. Tra ch ct cho cc nguyn cng.a) Nguyn cng I: Bc 1: Tin th l 100.- Chiu su ct: t =1,5 mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.61-TL2 ta c: S = 0,4 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1).- Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.100) = 165,6 vng/pht.Chn tc my: n = 190 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.100.190/1000 = 59,66m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,4x190 = 76 mm/pht.Bc 2: Tin bn tinh v vt mp l 100.- Chiu su ct: t =1mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0,3 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1).- Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 124.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 124.0,72.0,83.1.1 =74,1m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.74,1/(3,14.100) = 235,98 vng/pht.Chn tc my: n = 250 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.100.250/1000 = 78,5 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,3x250 = 75 mm/pht.Bc 3: Tin th mt B v C.- Chiu su ct: t =1,5mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 1 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.440) = 37,6 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 37,5 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.440.37,5/1000 = 51,81 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 1x37,5 = 37,5 mm/pht.Bc 4: Tin bn tinh mt B v C. - Chiu su ct: t =1mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0,7mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 124.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 124.0,72.0,83.1.1 =74,1m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.74,1/(3,14.440) = 53,6 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 60 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.440.60/1000 = 82,9 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,7x60 = 42 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin bn tinh74,16010,742

Tin th mt B, C5237,51,5137,5

Tin bn tinh74,125010,7175

Tin th l 122521901,51190


b) Nguyn cng II: Tin th v bn tinh mt D,C.Chn ch ct tng t nh khi gia cng mt A v B.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin bn tinh74,16010,742

Tin th mt D, C5237,51,5137,5


c) Nguyn cng III: Khoan 6 l 12.Mi khoan rut g thp gi 12.- Chiu su ct: t = 6 mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.89-TL2 ta c: S = 0,45 mm/vng.- Tc ct tra bng 5.90 -TL2 ta c: Vb = 33 m/pht.- Tc tnh ton: Vt = Vb.k1.k2+ H s iu chnh k1 ph thuc chu k bn ca mi khoan, k1=1,0.+ H s iu chnh k2 ph thuc chiu su khoan(bng 5.87-TL2), k2=1,0. Vt = 33.1.1 = 33 m/pht. - Tc quay ca trc chnh: N = 1000Vt/.D = 1000.33/(3,14.12) = 875,8 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 850 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.12.850/1000 = 32,03 m/pht. Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,45x850 = 382,5 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Khoan 32,0385060,45382,5


d) Nguyn cng IV:Tin th mt ngoi E, tin tinh mt bn B.Bc 1: Tin th mt E. - Chiu su ct: t =1.5mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 1 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.440) = 37,6 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 37,5 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.440.37,5/1000 = 51,81 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 1x37,5 = 37,5 mm/pht.Bc 2: Tin tinh mt B:- Chiu su ct: t = 0,5mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0.23 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 250.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 250.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 149,4 m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.149,4/(3,14.440) = 108,13 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 118 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.440.118/1000 = 163 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,23x118= 27,14 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin tinh mt B1631180,50,2327,14

Tin th mt E5237,51,5137,5


e) Nguyn cng V: Tin tinh mt ngoi E v mt bn cn li D.Chn ch ct tng t khi gia cng mt B.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin tinh mt E,D1631180,50,2327,14


2.2.9. Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn cho tng nguyn cng.Nguyn cng I: Bc1: Tin th v bn tinh mt l 100.Tin th.Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,4 mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 190 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 34 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Tin bn tinh:Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,3 mm/vng. t = 1 mm. n = 250 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 34 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1 n 2,5 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (0,52+0,56) = 1,36 pht.Bc 2: Tin th v bn tinh mt A,B. - Mt A:*Tin th:Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 37,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 196 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.*Tin bn tinh:Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,7mm/vng. t = 1 mm. n = 60 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 196 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1 n 2,5 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (5,37+4,8) = 12,8 pht.- Mt B:*Tin th:Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 37,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 24 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.


T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (0,78+0,7) = 1,865 pht.Vy tng thi gian cho nguyn cng ny l: T = 12,8 +1,865 = 14,665 pht.2. Nguyn cng II: Tin th v bn tinh mt C, D.Do kch thc mt C v D gn ging kch thc mt A v B, nguyn cng ny li c cng ch gia cng nn ta c th ly thi gian gia cng cho nguyn cng ny bng thi gian gia cng cho bc gia cng th v bn tinh mt A vB, tc l:Tct = 12,665 pht.Nguyn cng III: Khoan 6 l 12.Ch ct nguyn cng ny l: S = 0,45 mm/vng. t = 6 mm. n = 850 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.6 TL[3] ta c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n)Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 16 mm . L1 = 0,5d.cotg + (0,5 n 2). L2 = 3 mm.L1 = 0,5.12.cotg 59 +(0,5 n 2), chn L1 = 5 mm. To = (5 + 16 + 3)/(0,45.850) = 0,06 pht. Tct = 1,26.To = 0,08 pht, 6 l nn Tct = 0,48 pht.Nguyn cng IV: Tin th v bn tinh mt E, tin tinh mt B.Bc 1: Tin th v bn tinh mt E.*Tin th:Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 37,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 24 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.


T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (0,78+0,7) = 1,865 pht.Bc 2: Tin tinh mt B.Ch ct nguyn cng ny l: S = 0,23 mm/vng. t = 0,5 mm. n = 118 vng/pht.Gia cng mt B.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 26 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 = 0,6.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) = 0,8 n 2,3 mm. Chn L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26x1,142 = 1,44 pht.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 1,865+ 1,44 = 3,305 pht.Nguyn cng V: Tin tinh mt E v D.Ch ct nguyn cng ny l: S = 0,23 mm/vng. t = 0,5 mm. n = 118 vng/pht.Gia cng mt E.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 16 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 = 0,6.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) = 0,8 n 2,3 mm. Chn L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Gia cng mt D. L = 26 mm. L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 1,26x(0,774+ 1,142) = 2,41 pht.

2.3. Thit k cng ngh cho chi tit s 6.2.3.1. Bn v ch to chi tit.

2.3.2.Phn tch chc nng lm vic ca chi tit.Chi tit c chc nng chnh l trc chnh ca palng v kt ni vi cc phn khc ca v hp. Trn chi tit c 4 l chnh dng lp bi trc v trn vnh c cc l nh v v l bt bu lng. Cc l chnh phi c gia cng m bo vung gc gia ng tm l v b mt lp ghp theo yu cu. Cc b mt lp ghp cng cn c gia cng chnh xc sao cho qu trnh lp ghp c thun li v t cc yu cu k thut ra.2.3.3. Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit.Da vo bn v chi tit ta thy nhn chung kt cu ca chi tit l ph hp vi qu trnh to phi c, m bo chi tit cng vng trong qu trnh gia cng cng nh qu trnh lm vic, cc mt cn gia cng c phn cch vi cc mt khng gia cng. v tr ca cc b mt gia cng cng cho php a dng c vo khi gia cng mt cch d dng. Kt cu ca chi tit cho php qu trnh g t d dng.2.3.4. Chn phng php ch to phi. *Xc nh phng php ch to phiKt cu ca chi tit khng phc tp nhng vt liu ca chi tit l gang xm 15x32 nn ta dng phng php c, ng vi sn xut hng lot ln nn ta chn phng php c trong khun kim loi . Sau khi c cn c nguyn cng lm sch v ct ba via .* Bn v lng phi ca chi tit.

* Chn mt phn khun. 2.3.5. Trnh t cng ngh gia cng chi tit. NC1: Tin th v bn tinh mt A, B, mt v vt mp l 72. NC2: Tin th v bn tinh mtC v D. NC3: Khoan, doa v taro ren 6 l M10x1,5. NC4: Phay tinh mt A,B. NC5: Tin tinh mt C v D. NC6: Khoan v kho mt E. NC7: Khoan v kho mt F. NC8: Taro ren M15x1.5 mt E. NC9: Taro ren M15x1.5 mt F.2.3.6. S nh v v kp cht, chn my v dao cho tng nguyn cng.Nguyn cng 1: Tin th v bn tinh cc mt A, B, tin v vt mp l 72.- S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do bng cc chu kp ca my tin nh hnh v. Vic kp cht c thc hin nh iu chnh cc chu kp to ra p lc ln mt bn ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.+ Chn my.Vi kch thc ng knh ln nht ca chi tit phi gia cng l 450 mm, ng thi ph hp vi iu kin sn xut ca nc ta hin nay, chn my gia cng l my tin vn nng 1K625. Cc thng s k thut ch yu ca my nh sau: ng knh gia cng ln nht : 500 mm; Khong cch hai u tm: 1000-1400-2000 mm; ng knh ln nht ca chi tit gia cng c trn bn dao: 260 mm; Chiu di ln nht tin c trn hai u tm: 930-1330-1930; ng knh ln nht ca vt lun qua trc chnh: 50mm; ng knh l trc chnh: 52 mm; cn trc chnh, mooc : N06; S cp tc : 23; Gii hn vng quay: 12,52000 vng/pht; S cp tc chy dao : 12 cp; Gii hn chy dao : dc 0,074,16 mm/v; ngang 0,0352,08 mm/v; Cng sut ng c: 10 kW; Kch thc my 2812x1216x1349 mm; phc tp sa cha R: 29.+ Chn dao. .Tin mt u: dng dao tin ngoi thn cong gn mnh hp kim cng BK8 vi cc kch thc H=25, B =16( Bng 4.4-TL1).. Tin l: dng dao tin l gn mnh hp kim cng BK8 vi cc kch thc h=20; b =20( Bng 4.13-TL1)Nguyn cng 2: Tin th v bn tinh mt C, D. - S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do nh phin t t vo mt A v cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l 72 nh hnh v. Vic kp cht c thc hin bng bu lng- ai c thng qua 2 l chnh nh hnh v. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Vic chn my v dao nh nguyn cng trn.Ngun cng 3: Khoan, doa, taro ren 6 l ren M10x1.5 .- S nh v v kp cht.Trong nguyn cng ny ta s dng phin dn c lp cc bc dn, phin dn c nh v trc tip vo chi tit theo 5 bc t do thng qua cc cht t t vo mt trn C gia cng ca chi tit khng ch 3 bc v cht tr nh v vo mt l chnh khng ch 2 bc. C cm chi tit c lp phin dn v bc dn c nh v vo thn g thng qua phin t t vo mt A khng ch 3 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit, phin dn c thc hin nh bu lng ai c bt cht vo thn g. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao..Chn my:Vi kch thc chi tit nh vy ta c th gia cng trn my khoan cn 2H53. Cc thng s c bn ca my khoan cn 2H53 nh sau: ng knh gia cng ln nht : 35 mm; Khong cch t tm trc chnh ti trc my: 3201250 mm; Khong cch t trc chnh ti bn my: 4001400 mm; cn trc chnh : moc N04; S cp tc : 12; Gii hn vng quay: 252500 vng/pht; S cp tc cp tc chy dao : 12 cp; Gii hn chy dao : 0,0561,22 mm/vng; Dch chuyn ngang ln nht ca u khoan: 900mm; Gc quay ln nht ca cn xung quanh trc thng ng: 3600; Dch chuyn thng ng ln nht ca cn: 700 mm; Dch chuyn thng ng ln nht ca trc chnh: 300mm; Cng sut ng c chnh: 2,8 kW; Kch thc my 2240x870x3035 mm; phc tp sa cha R: 29..Chn dao: Chn dng c gia cng l mi khoan doa t hp dn hng pha sau tra bng 4.54 TL1 bng thp gi P18, dng c taro ren bng thp gi P18.Nguyn cng 4: Phay tinh mt lp ghp A, B.- S nh v v kp cht:Chi tit c nh v 6 bc t do: phin t t vo mt C khng ch 3 bc t do; hai khi V t vo mt tr ngoi khng ch 3 bc t do cn li. Vic kp cht c thc hin nh vic quay tay quay thng qua khi Vdi ng. S nh v v kp cht chi tit nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.. Chn my:Chn my phay ng vn nng 6H13:Cc thng s k thut ca my nh sau: kch thc ca my: di x rng x cao = 2370 x 3140 x 2245; S cp tc trc chnh: 18; Phm vi tc trc chnh: 63 1500; Cng sut ng c chnh: 10 Kw; Cng sut ng c chy dao: 2,8 kw; kch thc b mt lm vic ca bn my: rng x di = 400 x 1600; S rnh ch T: 3; Chiu rng rnh ch T : 18 mm; dch chuyn nhanh ca bn my: dc, ngang; thng; ng = 2300; 2300;770 mm; s cp bc tin ca bn my: 18; Bc tin bn my: + dc: 23,5 n 1180 mm/ph; + ngang: 8 n 390 mm/ph.. Chn dao:Chn dao phay mt u thp gi theo bng 4.92 TL1 vi cc thng s k thut ch yu sau: D(js) = 100 mm; d = 32mm; L = 50mm; s rng Z = 18.Nguyn cng 5: Tin tinh 2 b mt lp ghp C v D.- S nh v v kp cht.Chi tit c nh v 5 bc t do: phin t t vo mt A khng ch 3 bc t do, cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l 72 khng ch 2 bc t do. Vic kp cht chi tit vo thn g cng c thc hin bng 2 bu lng lun qua l chnh ca chi tit. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.Vic chn my v dao nh nguyn cng 2.Nguyn cng 6: Khoan, kho mt E.- S nh v v kp cht:Chi tit c nh v 6 bc t do: phin t t vo mt B khng ch 3 bc t do; cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l 72 khng ch 2 bc t do; vic chng xoay ca chi tit c thc hin nh cht t t vo mt ngoi ca gn tr lc. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao:. Chn my:Nguyn cng c thc hin trn my phay ngang 6H82, cc thng s k thut chnh ca my nh sau: kch thc ca my: di x rng x cao = 2440 x 2440 x 2350; S cp tc trc chnh: 18; Phm vi tc trc chnh: 30 1500; Cng sut ng c chnh: 7 KW; Cng sut ng c chy dao: 1,7 kw; kch thc b mt lm vic ca bn my: rng x di = 320 x 250; S rnh ch T: 3; Chiu rng rnh ch T : 18 mm; dch chuyn nhanh ca bn my: dc, ngang; thng; ng = 2300; 2300;770 mm; s cp bc tin ca bn my: 18; Bc tin bn my: + dc: 23,5 n 1180 mm/ph; + ngang: 23,5 n 1180 mm/ph.. Chn dao: Chn dng c gia cng t hp khoan v kho mt u.Nguyn cng 7: Khoan v kho mt F.S nh v, g t v kp cht ging nh nguyn cng 6.Vic chn my v dao cng ging nh nguyn cng 6.Nguyn cng 8: Taro ren M15x1.5 pha mt E.- S nh v v kp cht.Nguyn cng ny thc hin trn my khoan cn, do yu cu v tr mt gia cng v my l c nh nn chi tit c nh v c 6 bc t do: phin t t vo mt B khng ch 3 bc t do; cht tr ngn nh v vo mt l 72 khng ch 2 bc t do; vic chng xoay ca chi tit c thc hin bng cht t t vo mt bn ca gn tr lc. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dao.. Chn my:Chn my khoan cn 2H53 nh s dng cc nguyncng trc.. Chn dao: dng c ta r ren c ng knh danh ngha 15mm v bc ren 1,5 mm.Nguyn cng 9: Taro ren M15x1.5 pha mt F.- S nhv v kp cht. Vic nh v v kp cht chi tit c thc hin ging nh nguyn cng 8, ch khc l chi tit c xoay i 1800 hng mt F ln trc dng c. S nh v v kp cht nh sau:

- Chn my v dng c.Vic chn my v dng c ct ging nh nguyn cng 8.2.3.7. Tra lng d cho cc b mt ca chi tit.Da vo phng php ch to phi, vt liu ca chi tit v cc kch thc ca chi tit, theo TL1 ta tra c lng d cn thit cho cc b mt ca chi tit nh sau:B mtkch thcLng dDung sai

A,B,C1652x3,50,5

D4402x3,5+0,3

E,F3642x3,5+0,5

90902x3+0,5

50502x2,5+0,5

60602x2,5+0,5

70722x2,5+0,5

2.3.8. Tra ch ct cho tt tng nguyn cng.a) Nguyn cng I: Bc 1: Tin th l 72. - Chiu su ct: t =1,5 mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.61-TL2 ta c: S = 0,4mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.72) = 230 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 235 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.72.235/1000 = 53,13/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,4x235 = 94 mm/pht.Bc 2: Tin bn tinh v vt mp l 72. - Chiu su ct: t = 1mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0,3mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 124.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 124.0,72.0,83.1.1 =74,1m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.74,1/(3,14.72) = 327,76 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 300 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.72.300/1000 = 67,8 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,3x300 = 90 mm/pht.Bc 3: Tin th mt A v B.- Chiu su ct: t =1.5mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 1 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 87.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 87.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 52 m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.52/(3,14.450) = 36,8 vng/pht.Chn tc my: n = 37,5 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.450.37,5/1000 = 53 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 1x37,5= 37,5 mm/pht.Bc 4: Tin bn tinh mt A v B. - Chiu su ct: t =1mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0,7mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 124.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 124.0,72.0,83.1.1 =74,1m/pht. - Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.74,1/(3,14.450) = 52,44 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 60 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.450.60/1000 = 84,7m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,7x60 = 42 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin bn tinh84,76010,742

Tin th mt A, B5337,51,5137,5

Tin bn tinh67,830010,390

Tin th l 7253,132351,50,494


b) Nguyn cng II: Tin th v bn tinh mt D, C.Chn ch ct tng t nh khi gia cng mt A v B.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin bn tinh83,46010,742

Tin th mt D, C5337,51,5137,5


c) Nguyn cng III: Khoan, doa, taro ren 6 l M10x1,5.Bc 1: Khoan v doa.V nguyn cng ny ta dng dng c t hp khoan v doa ng thi, do bc khoan c lc ct ln hn v chnh xc l gia cng khng i hi cao nn ta tnh ch ct nh khi khoan.- Chiu su ct: t = 5 mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.89-TL2 ta c: S = 0,45 mm/vng.- Tc ct tra bng 5.90 -TL2 ta c: Vb = 33 m/pht.- Tc tnh ton: Vt = Vb.k1.k2+ H s iu chnh k1 ph thuc chu k bn ca mi khoan, k1=1,0.+ H s iu chnh k2 ph thuc chiu su khoan(bng 5.87-TL2), k2=1,0. Vt = 33.1.1 = 33 m/pht. - Tc quay ca trc chnh: N = 1000Vt/.D = 1000.33/(3,14.10) = 1051 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 1180 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.10.1180/1000 = 37 m/pht. Bc2: Taro ren.Vi kch thc danh ngha ca ren M10, bc ren 1.5, ren ct yu cu cp chnh xc thng thng, ren kp cht v vt liu gia cng l gang xm, tra bng 5.188 TL2 ta c vn tc ct ren: V = 12x1,1 = 13,2 m/pht. - Bng thng k ch ct:Taro ren13,242011,5630

Khoan doa37118050,45531


d) Nguyn cng IV: Phay tinh mt lp ghp A,B.- Chiu su ct: t = 0,5 mm.- Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,1 mm/rng. Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 180,1 = 1,8 mm/vng.-Tc ct tra bng 5.127 TL2 ta c: Vb = 228.1.1,13.1,1.1 =283,4 283 mm/pht.-Tc tnh ton: Vt = Vb.kmv.knv.kuv Trong : kmv: H s ph thuc vo cht lng ca vt liu gia cng, Tra bng 5.1[2] c: k1 = 1. knv: H s ph thuc vo tnh trng ca b mt phi, Tra bng 5.5[2] c k2 = 0,82. kuv: H s ph thuc vo cht lng ca vt liu dng c ct, Tra bng 5.6[2] c k3 = 1. Vt = 283,4.0,82.1,0.1,0 = 232,4 232 m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000Vt/.D = 1000.232/3,14.100 = 740 vng/pht.Chn tc my: nm= 750 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. nm/1000 = 3,14.100.750/1000 = 235,5 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 750.1,8 = 1350 mm/pht. - Bng thng k ch ct:Phay tinh 2327500,51,81350


e) Nguyn cng V: Tin tinh 2 mt C, D. - Chiu su ct: t = 0,5mm. - Lng chy dao tra bng 5.62-TL2 ta c: S = 0.23 mm/vng( dao tin kiu 1 bng 4.14 TL1). - Tc ct tra bng 5.65 TL2: V = 250.K1.K2.K3.K4 (mm/pht). Trong : + k1: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo chu k bn ca dao, k1 = 1. + k2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo gc nghing chnh, k2 = 0,72. + k3: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi b mt phi, k3 = 1. + k4: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo mc hp kim cng ca dao, k4 = 0,83. V = 250.0,72.0,83.1.1 = 149,4 m/pht.- Tc trc chnh: n = 1000V/.D = 1000.149,4/(3,14.440) = 108,13 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n = 118 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.440.118/1000 = 163 m/pht.- Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,23x118= 27,14 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Tin tinh mt C, D1631180,50,2327,14


f) Nguyn cng VI: Khoan l 15 v kho mt E. nguyn cng ny ta dng dng c t hp khoan v kho mt, do chiu di khoan ln hn nhiu so vi chiu di kho mt nn ta c th tnh ch ct cho bc khoan v dng lm ch ct chung cho c nguyn cng.- Chiu su ct: t = 7,5 mm.- Lng chy dao tra bng 5.89-TL2 ta c: S = 0,45 mm/vng.- Tc ct tra bng 5.90 -TL2 ta c: Vb = 33 m/pht.- Tc tnh ton: Vt = Vb.k1.k2+ H s iu chnh k1 ph thuc chu k bn ca mi khoan, k1=1,0.+ H s iu chnh k2 ph thuc chiu su khoan(bng 5.87-TL2), k2=1,0. Vt = 33.1.1 = 33 m/pht.- Tc quay ca trc chnh: N = 1000Vt/.D = 1000.33/(3,14.15) = 700,6 vng/pht. Chn tc my: n =750 vng/pht. Tc ct thc t: Vt = .D. n/1000 = 3,14.15.750/1000 = 35,32m/pht. Lng chy dao pht: S = 0,45x750 = 337,5 mm/pht.- Bng thng k ch ct:Khoan 35,327507,50,45337,5


g) Nguyn cng VII: Khoan l 15 v kho mt F.Ch ct nguyn cng ny ging nh nguyn cng VI.- Bng thng k ch ct:Khoan 35,327507,50,45337,5


h) Nguyn cng VIII: Taro ren M15x1.5 pha mt E.Vi kch thc danh ngha ca ren M15, bc ren 1.5, ren ct yu cu cp chnh xc thng thng, vt liu gia cng l gang xm, tra bng 5.188 TL2 ta c vn tc ct ren: V = 12x1,1 = 13,2 m/pht. - Bng thng k ch ct:Taro ren13,228011,5420


i) Nguyn cng IX: Taro ren M15x1.5 pha mt F.Vi kch thc danh ngha ca ren M15, bc ren 1.5, ren ct yu cu cp chnh xc thng thng, vt liu gia cng l gang xm, tra bng 5.188 TL2 ta c vn tc ct ren: V = 12x1,1 = 13,2 m/pht. - Bng thng k ch ct:Taro ren13,228011,5420


2.3.9. Tnh ton thi gian gia cng cho tng nguyn cng. - Thi gian nguyn cng c xc nh theo cng thc: Tct = To + Tp + Tpv + Ttn. Trong : Tct : thi gian tng chic (thi gian nguyn cng ); To : thi gian c bn(thi gian cn thit bin i trc tip hnh dng, kch thc, tnh cht c l ca chi tit); Tp : thi gian ph(thi gian cn thit ngi cng nhn g, tho chi tit, m my, mi dao, iu chnh my. . .), Tp = 0,1To; Tpv : thi gian phc v ch lm vic gm: thi gian phc v k thut, mi dao, iu chnh my . . ., Tpv = 0,11To; Ttn : thi gian ngh ngi t nhin ca cng nhn, Ttn = 0,05To; Tct = To + 0,1To + 0,11To + 0,05To = 1,26To. - Thi gian c bn c xc nh theo cng thc: To = (L1 + L2 + L)/(S.n) (pht). Trong : L: Chiu di b mt gia cng (mm); L1: Chiu di n dao (mm); L2: Chiu di thot dao (mm); S: Lng chy dao vng / hnh trnh kp; n: S vng quay hay hnh trnh kp/pht.Nguyn cng I: Bc1: Tin th v bn tinh mt l 72.Tin th.Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,4 mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 235 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 30 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Tin bn tinh:Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,3 mm/vng; t = 1 mm; n = 300 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1; L = 30 mm; L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1 n 2,5 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (0,377+0,39) = 0,966 pht.Bc 2: Tin th v bn tinh mt A, B. Tin th: Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 37,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 225 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Tin bn tinh:Ch ct ca bc cng ngh ny l: S = 0,7mm/vng. t = 1 mm. n = 60 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 225 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1 n 2,5 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (6,15+5,49) = 14,66 pht.Nguyn cng II: Tin th v bn tinh mt C, D.- Mt C:*Tin th:Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 37,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 35 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.


T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (1,08+0,96) = 2,57 pht.- Mt D:*Tin th:Cc thng s ch ct: S = 1mm/vng. t = 1,5 mm. n = 37,5 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 7 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 =1,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) =1,4 n 2,8 mm. Chn L1 = 2,5 mm. L2 = 3 mm.


T02 = pht.Tct = 1,26.To = 1,26 (0,333+0,3) = 0,797 pht.Vy tng thi gian cho nguyn cng ny l: T = 2,57 +0,797 = 3,367 pht.Nguyn cng III: Khoan doa v taro ren 6 l M10x1,5 mt C.Bc 1: Khoan doa. S = 0,45 mm/vng. t = 5 mm. n =1180 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.6 TL[3] ta c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n)Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 15 mm . L1 = 0,5d.cotg + (0,5 n 2). L2 = 3 mm.L1 = 0,5.12.cotg 59 +(0,5 n 2), chn L1 = 5 mm. To = (5 + 15 + 3)/(0,45.1180) = 0,043 pht. Tct = 1,26.To = 0,0542 pht, 6 l nn Tct = 0,325 pht.V dng dng c t hp nn c th coi thi gian thc hin nguyn cng ny bng 1,5 ln thi gian khoan. T = 0,325.1,5 = 0,4875 pht.Bc 2: Taro ren.Theo bng 5.6 TL3 ta c:

Lcb = Trong : + n: s vng quay thun, n = 420(v/ph). + n1: s vng quay ca dao khi quay ngc, n1= 800(v/ph). + i: s lng taro, i=1. + L1 = 1 n 3 bc ren chn L1 = 3 mm. + L2 = 2 n 3 bc ren chn L2 = 3 mm. + S: bc ren, S = 1,5mm.

Tcb = pht.6 l To =6x 0,05 = 0,3 pht. TCT = 1,26x0,3 =0,378 pht.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 0,4875+ 0,378 = 0,8655 pht.Nguyn cng IV: Phay tinh mt A, B.Theo bng 5.7 TL[3] ta c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n) Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 350 mm. L1 = {t(D-d)}+ ( 0,5 n 30). L2 = 5 mm. S = 1,8 mm/vng. t = 0,5 mm. n = 750 vng/pht. L1 = {0,5(100-80)}+ ( 0,5 n 30), chn L1 = 6 mm. To = (350 + 6 + 5).1/(1,8.850) = 0,236 pht. Tct = 1,26.To = 0,297 pht.Nguyn cng V: Tin tinh mt C v D.Ch ct nguyn cng ny l: S = 0,23 mm/vng. t = 0,5 mm. n = 118 vng/pht.Gia cng mt C.Theo bng 5.7TL[3] c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n).Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 35 mm . L1 = t.cotg + (0,5 n 2) mm. L1 = 0,5.cotg60 + (0,5 n 2) = 0,8 n 2,3 mm. Chn L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T01 = pht.Gia cng mt D. L = 7 mm. L1 = 2 mm. L2 = 3 mm.

T02 = pht.Tng thi gian nguyn cng ny l: T = 1,26x(1,474+ 0,442) = 2,414 pht.Nguyn cng VI: Khoan v kho mt E.Nguyn cng ny dng dng c t hp khoan v kho mt nn vic tnh thi gian gia cng c th tnh nh khi khoan nhng ta c th thm chiu di gia cng mt lng bng ng chiu dy cn kho mt. S = 0,45 mm/vng. t = 7,5 mm. n = 750 vng/pht.Theo bng 5.6 TL[3] ta c: To = (L1 + L + L2).i/(S.n)Trong : S ln gia cng i = 1. L = 30 mm . L1 = 0,5d.cotg + (0,5 n 2). L2 = 3 mm.L1 = 0,5.15.cotg 59 +(0,5 n 2), chn L1 = 5 mm To = (5 + 30 + 3)/(0,45.750) = 0,113 pht. T = 1,26.T0 = 1,26.0,113 = 0,142 pht.Nguyn cng 7: Khoan v kho mt F.Thi gian gia cng ging nh nguyn cng 6.T = 1,26.T0 = 1,26.0,113 = 0,142 pht.Nguyn cng 8: Taro ren M15x1,5 pha mt E.Theo bng 5.6 TL3 ta c:

Lcb = Trong : + n: s vng quay thun, n = 420(v/ph). + n1: s vng quay ca dao khi quay ngc, n1= 800(v/ph). + i: s lng taro, i=1. + L1 = 1 n 3 bc ren chn L1 = 3 mm. + L2 = 2 n 3 bc ren chn L2 = 3 mm. + S: bc ren, S = 1,5mm.

Tcb = pht. TCT = 1,26x0,103 =0,13pht.Nguyn cng IX: Taro ren M15x1,5 pha mt F.Thi gian gia cng ging nh nguyn cng 8. TCT = 1,26x0,103 =0,13pht.

III/ Thit k g cho mt s nguyn cng.Yu cu chung vi cc g my:Cht lng v nng sut ca qu trnh gia cng ph thuc rt nhiu vo trang thit b cng ngh ca nguyn cng, trong g cc loi c tm quan trng c bit. Trong sn xut hng lot ln v hng khi, nng cao nng sut v cht lng ca qa trnh gia cng, ngi ta s dng g g t phi ln my. V vy c th tng tng phi v g l mt chi tit tng hp cho php g t nhanh v chnh xc khi gia cng. g trong ch to my c gi l cc c cu ph, s dng khi thc hin cc nguyn cng gia cng c, lp rp v kim tra. Tu thuc vo chc nng, g c phn chia thnh nhiu loi nh g my, g kp cht dng c ct, g lp rp, g kim tra v g khc. do vy g c thit k phi t c cc tiu ch c bn nh s dng thun tin, tc ng nhanh, bo m chnh xc yu cu ca nguyn cng, c an ton cao, kt cu n gin, r tin, d sa cha thay th v iu chnh.Cc phn t c bn ca g: Thn g; Cc phn t nh v; C cu kp cht; C cu dn hng; C cu so dao; Cc c cu ph khc.2.3.1. Thit k g cho nguyn cng 5 ca chi tit s 4.y l nguyn cng tin tinh mt lp ghp C, D.a, S nh v v kp cht nguyn cng ny nh sau:

b, Tnh lc kp cn thit.S t lc ln chi tit nh sau:

Cc thnh phn lc tc dng ln chi tit:Lc ct P c phn tch thnh cc thnh phn: Px; Py; Pz.Lc kp cht W.Cc thnh phn lc c tnh nh sau: P X,Y,Z = 10.CP.tx.Sy.Vn.kp.Thnh phn PX: + Cp v cc s m tra bng 5.23 TL2 ta c: Cp = 46; x = 1; y = 0,4; n = 0. + KP: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo cc iu kin gia cng c th KP = KMp.Kp.Kp.Kp.Krp, tra bng 5.9, 5.10 v 5.22 TL2 ta c: KMV = 1; Kp = 1; Kp = 1,4; Kp = 0,85; Krp = 1. KP = 1x1x1,4x0,85x1 = 1,19. vy Px = 10x46x0,61x0,230,4x158,60x1,19 = 182,442(N).Thnh phn PY: + Cp v cc s m tra bng 5.23 TL2 ta c: Cp = 54; x = 0,9; y = 0,75; n = 0. + KP: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo cc iu kin gia cng c th KP = KMp.Kp.Kp.Kp.Krp, tra bng 5.9, 5.10 v 5.22 TL2 ta c: KMV = 1; Kp = 1; Kp = 1,4; Kp = 1,25; Krp = 1. KP = 1x1x1,4x1,25x1 = 1,75. vy Py = 10x54x0,60,9x0,230,75x158,60x1,75 = 198,18(N).Thnh phn PZ: + Cp v cc s m tra bng 5.23 TL2 ta c: Cp = 92; x = 1; y = 0,75; n = 0. + KP: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo cc iu kin gia cng c th KP = KMp.Kp.Kp.Kp.Krp, tra bng 5.9, 5.10 v 5.22 TL2 ta c: KMV = 1; Kp = 1; Kp = 1,1; Kp = 1; Krp = 1. KP = 1x1x1,1x1x1 = 1,1. vy Pz = 10x92x0,61x0,230,75x158,60x1,1 = 201,66(N).Momen ma st do lc kp gy ra nh sau: Mms = 210.2W.f (N.mm).T s lc ta thy rng kh nng lc ct c kh nng gy ra xoay chi tit quanh trc l nguy him nht. V vy ta s tnh lc kp ca chi tit theo kh nng chng xoay ny.Phng trnh cn bng lc nh sau:225.Pz = Mms = 210.2W.f.Vi f l h s ma st gia chi tit v phin t, gi tr ca f c th tra theo bng 7.7 TL4, f = 0,16. W = 225.Pz/(210.2.0,16) = 225.201,66/(420.0,16) = 675,2 N. m bo an ton ta thm h s an ton K, h s ny c th c tnh ton da vo cc bng tra nh sau:

K= K0: h s an ton nh mc K0=1,5 K1: h s lm tng lc ct nh hng ca cc nhp nh b mt phi th khi gia cng K1= 1. K2: h s tnh n trng hp lm tng lc ct do dao mn K2=1,6. K3: h s tng lc ct khi gia cng gin on K3 = 1. K4: h s tnh n sai s ca c cu kp bng tay K4 = 1,2. K5: h s tnh n mc thun li ca c cu kp bng tay K5 = 1. K6: h s tnh n m men lm quay chi tit K6= 1,5.

K = 1,5.1.1,6.1.1,2.1.1,5 = 4,32. W = 4,32.675,2 = 2916,8 N.c.Thit k c cu ca g : * C cu kp cht: ta s dng c cu kp cht bng n kp. Chn chiu di cnh tay n hai pha l nh nhau v bng l.

llWWQ T s lc ta c th tnh c lc kp Q cn thit nh sau:

- Tnh lc kp Q do ren to ra: Q= Q = 2.W = 2.2916,8 = 5833,6 (N).

- ng knh bu lng d= (mm). Tra bng 8.50 TL2v 8.51 TL2 ta c ng knh bu lng d = 16 mm.Cc c cu khc ca g chn theo cc bng tra trong TL4 v c ly sao cho ph hp vi kch thc ca bn my v chi tit gia cng.d.Xc nh sai s ch to cho php ca g : Sai s ch to cho php ca g c tnh bng cng thc :

Trong :

: sai s g t c ly bng /3 vi l dung sai nguyn cng = 200 .

= 200/3 = 66,6.

: sai s chun, = 0 do nguyn cng ny chun nh v v chun kch thc trng nhau.

: sai s kp cht c tra theo bng 3.14TL4, vi b mt qua gia cng th = 40 .

: sai s do mn g :

: l h s ph thuc kt cu nh v = 0,3. N: s lng chi tit oc gia cng trn g N= 1000.

.

: sai s iu chnh = 30theo bng 7.9 TL4.

= 66,62- (402+9,52+302) = 432 .e. iu kin k thut ca g:iu kin k thut ca g bao gm nhm b mt lm vic ca g, sai s v song song v vung gc gia cc phn t lp ghp ca g, cng ca cc b mt lm vic v mt s yu cu ch to c bit khc. c th xc nh c song song v vung gc ca cc phn t lp ghp ca g ta phi da vo sai s ch to ca g tnh ton trn thng qua quan h nh sau:

= ss2+vg2.Da vo quan h ny ta c th nh ra cc yu cu k thut ca g nh sau:

khng song song gia mt phin t vi mt y g 0,03/100mm; nhm ca cc b mt lp rp v nh v Ra= 0,63; cng ca phin t v cht nh v: HRC 4045.2.3.2. Thit k g cho nguyn cng 3 ca chi tit s 5.y l nguyn cng khoan 6 l 12.a, S nh v v kp cht nguyn cng ny nh sau:

Chi tit c nh v bng mt l v mt u.b. Cc thnh phn lc tc dng ln chi tit:Khi gia cng l bng phng php khoan th phi chu tc ng ca momen xon v lc dc trc P0. Vi phng n nh v v kp cht nh trn, lc chy dao v lc kp cht tc ng cng phng v u c xu hng p phi vo mt t, v vy phng n ny khng cn lc kp ln. Lc kp ln nht gi cho chi tit khng b xoay xy ra thi im bt u v kt thc qu trnh khoan. Momen ct M c xu hng lm cho chi tit xoay quanh ng tm. mun cho chi tit khng b xoay th momen ma st do lc hng trc P0 v lc kp Q gy ra phi thng momen ct. phng trnh cn bng lc c dng:

Trong : M: momen xon trn mi khoan do lc ct gy ra; d: ng knh mi khoan; K: h s an ton; R: khong cch t tm mi khoan n tm chi tit; P0: lc ct dc trc; f: h s ma st; R1: khong cch t tm phin t ti tm chi tit.Cc thnh phn lc ct c tnh nh sau:Mx = 10.CM.Dq.Sy.Kp.P0 = 10.Cp. Dq.Sy.Kp.Tr s Kp c xc nh theo bng 5.9 TL2, Kp = 1.Tr s ca CM, Cp v cc s m tra theo bng 5.32 TL2, ta c:Momen xon Mx: CM = 0,021; q = 2; y = 0,8.Lc hng trc Po: Cp = 42,7; q = 1; y = 0,8. Mx= 10.0,021.122.0,450,8.1 = 15,96 Nm. Po = 10.42,7.121.0,450,8.1 = 2705 N.H s an ton K c tnh nh sau:

K= K0: h s an ton nh mc K0=1,5 K1: h s lm tng lc ct nh hng ca cc nhp nh b mt phi th khi gia cng K1= 1. K2: h s tnh n trng hp lm tng lc ct do dao mn K2=1,6. K3: h s tng lc ct khi gia cng gin on K3 = 1. K4: h s tnh n sai s ca c cu kp bng tay K4 = 1,2. K5: h s tnh n mc thun li ca c cu kp bng tay K5 = 1. K6: h s tnh n m men lm quay chi tit K6= 1,5.

K = 1,5.1.1,6.1.1,2.1.1,5 = 4,32.Vi f l h s ma st gia chi tit v phin t, gi tr ca f c th tra theo bng 7.7 TL4, f = 0,3.c.Thit k c cu ca g :Lc kp Q cn thit do bu lng to ra l:

.

Q = 35599 N.

- ng knh bu lng d = (mm). Tra bng 8.51 TL2 ta c ng knh bu lng d = 10 mm.Cc c cu khc ca g chn theo cc bng tra trong TL4 v c ly sao cho ph hp vi kch thc ca bn my v chi tit gia cng.d.Xc nh sai s ch to cho php ca g : Sai s ch to cho php ca g c tnh bng cng thc :

Trong :

: sai s g t c ly bng /3 vi l dung sai nguyn cng = 250

= 250/3 = 83,3; : sai s chun, nguyn cng ny do chun kch thc trng vi chun nh v l tm l chnh ca chi tit nn sai s chun bng 0;

: sai s kp cht c tra theo bng 3.14TL4, vi b mt qua gia cng th = 40 ;

: sai s do mn g :

: l h s ph thuc kt cu nh v = 0,3. N: s lng chi tit c gia cng trn g N= 1000.

.




khng song song gia mt phin t vi mt y g 0,03/100mm; nhm ca cc b mt lp rp v nh v Ra= 0,63; cng ca phin t v cht nh v: HRC 4045.2.3.3. Thit k g cho nguyn cng 6 ca chi tit s 6.y l nguyn cng khoan v kho mt bch l du M15x1,5. .a, S nh v v kp cht nguyn cng ny nh sau:

Chi tit c nh v 6 bc t do bng mt y, mt l chnh v mt bn ca gn tr lc. Nguyn cng c thc hin trn my phay ngang 6H82.b. Cc thnh phn lc tc dng ln chi tit:Khi gia cng l bng phng php khoan th phi chu tc ng ca momen xon v lc dc trc P0. Lc kp ln nht gi cho chi tit khng b xoay xy ra thi im bt u v kt thc qu trnh khoan. Momen ct M c xu hng lm cho chi tit lt quanh ng bin ngoi ca chi tit, cn lc dc trc c xu hng lm x dch chi tit ra khi v tr nh v. y ta thy rng kh nng chi tit b x dch v tr l ln hn, v vy ta s tnh lc kp cho kh nng chng trt chi tit. Mun cho chi tit khng b trt th lc ma st do lc kp Q gy ra phi thng lc ct dc trc P0, phng trnh cn bng lc c dng: Q.f = P0. m bo an ton ta thm h s an ton K. Q.f. = P0.K.

Trong : Q: lc kp do bu lng kp to ra; P0: lc ct dc trc; f: h s ma st;Thnh phn lc ct dc trc c tnh nh sau:P0 = 10.Cp. Dq.Sy.Kp.Tr s Kp c xc nh theo bng 5.9 TL2, Kp = 1.Tr s ca Cp v cc s m tra theo bng 5.32 TL2, ta c: Cp = 42,7; q = 1; y = 0,8. Po = 10.42,7.151.0,450,8.1 = 3381 N.H s an ton K c tnh nh sau:

K=. K0: h s an ton nh mc K0=1,5 K1: h s lm tng lc ct nh hng ca cc nhp nh b mt phi th khi gia cng K1= 1. K2: h s tnh n trng hp lm tng lc ct do dao mn K2=1,6. K3: h s tng lc ct khi gia cng gin on K3 = 1. K4: h s tnh n sai s ca c cu kp bng tay K4 = 1,2. K5: h s tnh n mc thun li ca c cu kp bng tay K5 = 1. K6: h s tnh n m men lm quay chi tit K6= 1,5.

K = 1,5.1.1,6.1.1,2.1.1,5 = 4,32.Vi f l h s ma st gia chi tit v phin t, gi tr ca f c th tra theo bng 7.7 TL4, f = 0,2.c.Thit k c cu ca g : nguyn cng ny ta dng 2 bulong c cng ng knh kp cht, v vy lc kp Q c chia u cho 2 bu lng. Nh vy mi bu lng s chu tc dng ca mt lc l Q/2.Lc kp Q c tnh nh sau:Q = P0.K/f = 3381.4,32/0,2 = 73030 N.

Lc kp do mt bu lng to ra l: Q1 = 36515 N.

- ng knh bu lng d = (mm).Tra bng 8.50 TL2v 8.51 TL2 ta c ng knh bu lng d = 10 mm.Cc c cu khc ca g chn theo cc bng tra trong TL4 v c ly sao cho ph hp vi kch thc ca bn my v chi tit gia cng.d.Xc nh sai s ch to cho php ca g : Sai s ch to cho php ca g c tnh bng cng thc :

Trong :

: sai s g t c ly bng /3 vi l dung sai nguyn cng = 500 ( dung sai khong cch t tm l ti mt nh v).

= 500/3 = 166,6; : sai s chun, nguyn cng ny do chun kch thc trng vi chun nh v nn sai s chun bng 0;

: sai s kp cht c tra theo bng 3.14TL4, vi b mt qua gia cng th = 40 ;

: sai s do mn g :

: l h s ph thuc kt cu nh v = 0,3. N: s lng chi tit c gia cng trn g N= 1000.

.




khng song song gia mt phin t vi mt y g 0,08/100mm; nhm ca cc b mt lp rp v nh v Ra= 0,63; cng ca phin t v cht nh v: HRC 4045.

Sinh vin: L Bch Dip - 1 - Lp CTM5- K47

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