Dr. Ayathan Gopalan Memorial English Medium High …ayathanschool.com/Ayathan School Magazine.pdf · Dr. Ayathan Gopalan Memorial English Medium High School ... Friend in my life

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Dr. Ayathan Gopalan MemorialEnglish Medium High School

KOZHIKODE - 673 004 PHONE: 0495-2723287KOZHIKODE - 673 004 PHONE: 0495-2723287KOZHIKODE - 673 004 PHONE: 0495-2723287KOZHIKODE - 673 004 PHONE: 0495-2723287KOZHIKODE - 673 004 PHONE: 0495-2723287

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Dr. AYATHAN GOPALAN M.E.M.H.S

22222

]mc-º-cy-[-\y-amb Hcp IpSpw_w

t__n-tb-́ ≥ F∂ kvt\l-k-º-∂≥

F.-_m-e-tKm-]m¬: -X-f-cmØ P\-tk-h-I≥

Rm≥ Adn-bp∂ t__n-tb-́ ≥

dmhq kmln_v tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥

Do you want to be Happy?

The way to Success

Role of Students for a better Society

The Lazy Lion

Value of Time

A spider in the web

Morning Comes up Again

The story of English

White Swan

Examination fever

The Omnipresent

Troubling of Nandu

War of Worlds

Friend in my life

Our Gardener

Flowers

Spring

Simple Psychology

\thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ \mb-I≥

Rm≥ I≠ Pmw_qcn

hyh-kmb \K-c-Øn-te-s°mcp bm{X

ssakq-cn-te°v Hcp bm{X

]c-ky-ß-fpsS temIw

Pew Hc-aq-ey-hkvXp

sNdp-t»-cn-KmY Hcp Bkzm-Z\w

{io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp

kv{Xo Hcp ]T\w

`‡n-Km-\-ßƒ

Aºnfn

IÆs‚ HmS-°p-g¬hnfn

]cn-ÿnXn aen\oI-cWw

DÆn-tb-́ s‚ hchv

\nim-K-‘n-bpsS A‘X

sXcp-hv]p{Xn

Aºn-fn-am-a≥ Xs∂ Hm¿°p-tºmƒ!

ag sIm≠p-h∂ _mcniv

Xøm¿: kvIuńw-Kv-̨ -km-[y-X-Iƒ

tIgp∂ ]£n

ImWmsX t]mb-hƒ

HsØm-cp-an-®m¬

AΩp

D]-t`mK kwkvIm-chpw ]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw

bYm¿∞ A-h-Imin

Hm¿ΩbpsS Agn-°q-ń¬

ag- h∂-t∏mƒ

IqSn-√mØÆm≥

B\-°mgvN

kz]v\w

Fs‚ PohnXw

am\h kap-Zm-bhpw temI kam-[m-\hpw

ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ

Ben-e-°-Æ≥

]qt¥m´w

\ΩpsS `mj

ae-bm-fn-I-fn¬ hmb-\m-ioew Ipd-bp∂p

D≈-S°w

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33333

\∑ \nd™ Ncn-{X-]m-c-º-cy-ßfpsS

hnf-\n-e-amb Ip∂Øe-t°ms‚

Ipe-\-K-cn-bnse cmP-ho-Yn-I-fn¬

ImemXn-h¿Øn-bmbn \ne-\n¬°p∂

Im¬]m-Sp-Iƒ ]Xn-®v \-S-∂p-t]mb

alm-a-\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmb

t__n-tb-´s‚

P∑-i-Xm-_vZn-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n®v

{]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂

Cu kvac-WnI

At±-l-Øns‚

Zo]vXkvac-W-bv°v -ap-∂n¬

km`n-am\w ka¿∏n-°p-∂p.

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44444

Our former ManagerOur former ManagerOur former ManagerOur former ManagerOur former Manager

ANANDALAKSHMI

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55555

KABIR DAS(President, Brahma Samaj, Calicut)

Our ManagerOur ManagerOur ManagerOur ManagerOur Manager

PRABHAKUMAR(Secretary, Brahma Samaj, Calicut)

A. SUJANAPAL

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66666

O. JAYANTHI(Headmistress)

The human mind is the seed ground whereideas germinates, ideas that can lead to a happyand prosperous world. In this context, the templeof learning has a vital role to play to nurture theyoung minds, nourish and cultivate them so thatthey stand on the there hold of adulthood andadopt the creative path.

A child’s creativity is latent, yearning to burstforth and to be recognized. The power of the mindis such that it trans for us ideas into reality, theabstract into concrete. God has blessed all thechildren with talents. School Magazine is aninstrument to develop artistic, literar y andimaginative qualities of the young minds.

The dreams and imaginations of the bubblingminds have taken the shape as poems, stories,essays, pictures etc.

We are all pleased to bring out this first printedschool magazine which gives young minds themedium to express their creativity. This is a longcherished dream of all of us for a long time.

We gratefully acknowledge all those who havedirectly or indirectly associated with us to makethis humble venture a reality.

It is most appropriate that the magazine isdedicated to the memory of the founder of ourschool Sri. A. Balagopal.

EDITORIAL DESK

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77777

-PohnXw Hcp ]m]-amWv F∂ [mcW XnI®pw sX‰m-Wv.

AXv ssZh-Z-Ø-amb Hc-\p-{K-l-am-Wv.

Znhy-\n-baw sX‰n-°p-∂-XmWv ]m]w.

Bflm¿∞-ambn ]›m-Ø-]n-®m¬

]m]-Øn\v ]cn-lmcw e`n-°pw.

cmPmdmw taml≥ tdmbv

Our PioneerOur PioneerOur PioneerOur PioneerOur Pioneer

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88888

Editorial BoardChief Editor:

O. Jayanthi(Headmistress)

Staff Editor :Jayanthi Kumari Teacher

Student Editor :Shyam kumar

Editorial Board members :Shajina. M.K,ShimnaJayanthi Kumari,Swapna. KVasantha. PSithara. M.KGoutham P. SathyapalAmruthasree

A. BALAGOPAL MEMORIAL BUILDINGA. BALAGOPAL MEMORIAL BUILDINGA. BALAGOPAL MEMORIAL BUILDINGA. BALAGOPAL MEMORIAL BUILDINGA. BALAGOPAL MEMORIAL BUILDINGINAUGURATED BY SRI. OOMMEN CHANDY (OPPOSITION LEADER), ON 27TH FEB. 2010

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Layout & Cover:Vikas KandothIT section AGMEMHS

Special Thanks :Chelavoor Venu

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99999

eLpPohNcn{Xw

tIc-f-Ønse {_“-k-am-P-ÿm-]-I-\mb tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e-

s‚bpw {ioaXn Iuk-ey-bp-sSbpw aI-\mbn F.- _m-e-tKm-]m¬ 1907 \hw-_¿

1˛mw XnøXn tImgn-t°mSv P\n-®p. tImgn-t°mSv sk‚ v tPmk^vkv sslkvIq-

fnse hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\v tijw a{Zm-kn¬\n∂v Hmt´m-tam-ss_¬ F©n-\o-b-

dnwKv tImgvkv ]m m-bn.

ae-_m-dn¬ kzmX-{¥y-k-acw sImSp-ºn-cn-s°m≠ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ _me-

tKm-]m¬ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw AXn¬ BIr-jvS-\m-bn. kzmX-{¥y-k-a-c-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏´v AdÃv hcn-°p-Ibpw. IÆq¿, sh√q¿ sk≥{S¬ Pbn-ep-I-fn¬ XS-

hp-Im-c-\m-bn. ap≥ cmjv{S-]-Xn-am-cmb hn.- hn. -Kn-cn, \oew kRvPohsd-UvVn,

IΩyq-WnÃv t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂ F. -sI. -tKm-]m-e≥ F∂n-h-cpsS kl-X-S-hp-Im-

c-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.

kzmX-{¥y-k-a-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-tXm-sSm∏w ae-_m-dn¬ tIm¨{K v

{]ÿm\w sIń-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw kmaqly kmwkvIm-cnI cwKØpw kvXpXy¿l-

amb tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®p. ae-_m-dnse {KŸ-imem {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ {]tW-Xmhv

_me-tKm-]m-em-bn-cp-∂p. tIcf sse{_dn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ sk{I-´-dn, ]d-b-

t©-cn-bnse sk≥Kp]vXm sse{_dn ÿm]I {]kn-U≠v F∂n-hbv°p ]pdta

ae-_m¿ saJe apgp-h≥ Dƒs]Sp∂ tem°¬ sse{_dn AtXm-dn‰n sNb¿am≥

]Z-hn-bn¬ \o≠ 25 h¿jw tkh\a\p-jvTn-°p-I-bpap≠m-bn.

C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨{K- nepw At±lw Ht´sd ÿm\-ßƒ hln-®n-

´p-≠v. apl-ΩZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln-_v, sambvXp-au-e-hn, kn. -sI. -tKm-hn-μ≥

\mb¿, tIf-∏-Pn, tImgn-∏p-dØv am[-h-ta-t\m≥, F.- hn. -Ip-́ n-amfp AΩ XpS-ßn-

b-h-tcm-sSm-∂n®v At±lw {]h¿Øn-®n-́ p-≠v. tImgn-t°mSv Xmeq°v tIm¨{K v

IΩn‰n {]kn-U-≠v, tImgn-t°m-Sv Pn√m tIm¨{Kkv IΩn‰n sshkv {]kn-U-≠v,

Un. -kn. -kn. sk{I-́ dn F∂o HutZym-KnI ÿm\-ßƒ hln-®n-cp∂ _me-tKm-

]m¬, kn. -sI. -tKm-hn-μ≥\m-b¿ {]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp∂ sI.- ]n. -kn. -kn-bnepw apl-

ΩZv A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln_v {]kn-U≠pw, C. Fw. -F-kv. -\-ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv sk{I-

-́dn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ sI.- ]n.- kn. -kn-bnepw FIvkn-Iyq-́ ohv IΩn‰n AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

ae-_m¿ Unkv{SnIvSv t_m¿Uv AwKw, tImgn-t°mSv ap\n-kn-∏¬

Iu¨kn¬ AwKw, {]Ya tIcf \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ tNhm-bq-cns\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-

cn®v \nb-a-k-̀ mwKw F∂n-hbpw At±-l-Øns‚ s]mXp{]h¿Ø\ taJ-e-bnse

AwKo-Im-c-am-Wv. tImgn-t°ms´ tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥ satΩm-dn-b¬

kvIqƒ ÿm]I\mb _me-tKm-]m-ens‚ kl-[¿ΩnWn B\-μ-e£van (Po-hn-

®n-cn-∏n-√)-bm-Wv. ap≥ tIcf ]-cn-ÿnXn˛h\w- hIp∏v a{¥nbpw F.- sF. -kn. -

kn. AwK-hp-am-b F. kpP-\-]m¬, _nkn-\-kp-Im-c-\mb {]`-Ip-am¿ F∂n-h¿

a°-fm-Wv. 1989 G{]n¬ 15˛\v _me-tKm-]m¬ \ncym-X-\m-bn.

F. _me-tKm-]m¬

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1 01 01 01 01 0

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1 11 11 11 11 1

]mc-º-cy-[-\y-ambHcp IpSpw_w

kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°mSv○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

]tcX-\mb {io. _me-tKm-]m-es\ Hm¿°p-∂-

h¿°v-̨ -Hm¿°p-∂-h-cp-s≠-¶n¬, Ah¿°v-̨ -A-t±-l-

Øns‚ Hm¿Ω ]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n-te°pw

Ccp-]-Xns‚ A¥y-`m-K-Ønte°pw Xßsf

BI¿jn-®p- sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xmbn A\p-`-h-s∏-

Sm-Xn-cn-°n-√. AXn-{]-i-kvX-\mb ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw

s]mXp-cw-KØv {]h¿Øn®v ]cs° Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂

]p{X-s‚bpw \Sp-hn¬ Hcp ]me-ambn At±-l-

Øns‚ PohnXw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. henb IpSpw-

_-]-cn-th-j-ap≈ Hcp Ncn-{X-amWv At±-l-Øn-

t‚-Xv.

At± -l-Øns‚ ]nXmhv tIc -f -Øn¬

kmwkvIm-cnI \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ bpKw krjvSn-

®-h-cn¬ ]pe¿Im-e-tØm¿t°≠ tUm. Aø-

Øm≥ tKm]m-e-\m-Wv.- \-Ωn¬\n∂v hfsc AI∂

Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn¬ ]nd∂ At±lw \tΩmSv hf-

sc-b-SpØ kzmX-{¥y-kn≤n F∂ bpK-kw-{I-a-Ww-

hsc Pohn® Zo¿Lm-bp- m-bn-cp-∂p-˛1861 apX¬

1948 hsc. F∂m¬, Cu kwh-’-c-kw-Jy-I-

fn¬\n∂v s]s´∂v H∂pw ASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ ]-‰n-√.

\man∂v kaq-l-]-cn-jvI¿Øm-°-fmbn Adn-bp∂

{]mXx-kva-c-Wo-b¿s°√mw apsº ]d-∂p-t]mb

]cn-h¿Ø-\-]-£n-bmbncp∂p At±-lw. hn. -Sn. -`-

´-Xn-cn-∏m-Sn\pw Ipam-c-\m-im\pw h≈-tØm-fn\pw

sI.- A-ø-∏\pw hmKv̀ Sm-\-μ\pw aptº tIc-f-Øn\v

\thm-∞m-\-Zo]w sXfn-bn-®vsIm-SpØ Bfm

bncp∂p. {io\m-cm-b-W\pw N´-ºn-kzm-an-Ifpw

{_“m-\-μ-kzman inh-tbm-Knbpw am{Xta Cu

cwKØv At±-l-Øn\v ]q¿Δ-Km-an-I-fm-bp-≈q.- Km-

‘nPn tUmIvS¿°v tij-amWv ]nd -∂Xv

Ft∂m¿°-Ww.

Bbp- ns‚ ssZ¿Lyw-t]mse tUm. tKm]m-

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1 21 21 21 21 2

es‚ hNp pw \o≠Xmbn-cp-∂p-˛-D-bcw IqSn-b-

Xm-bn-cp-∂p. -AøØm≥ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ _mly-

ap{Z Cu DS-ens‚ s\Sp-∏w- B-Wv. Aø-Øm≥

F∂ IpSpw-_-t∏cv Bb-X≥ F∂ kwkvIr-X-

hm-°n¬\n∂v h∂-XmtWm F∂v i¶n-®p-t]mIpw!

_me-tKm-]m-e-s‚bpw aI≥ kpP-\-]m-en-s‚bpw

Db-c-Ønepw IqSnb Dbcw k¶-ev]n-®m¬ AXm-

bn-cn°pw tUmIvS-dp-tS-Xv.

I≠n-s´-gp-Xp-I-bmWv! Ign™ \q‰m-≠ns‚

\Sp°v ]nd∂ thsdm-cmsf C{X-tbsd ASp-Øv-

\n∂v Rm≥ I≠n-ń-√. Rm≥ awK-em-]p-cØv ]Tn-

°p-tºmƒ AhnsS kμ¿i-\-Øn\p h∂ At±-

lsØ A—≥ hnZzm≥ ]n. -Zm-tam-Z-cs‚ IqsS

I≠n-cp-∂p. ]ns∂ tImgn-t°m-´v-sh®v Hcp XhW

ImWm≥ `mKy-ap-≠m-bn.

I≠-Xnepw F{Xtbm IqSp-X¬ tIń-´p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Bfl-hn-Zym-kwLw ÿm]-I-\mb hmKv̀ -

Sm-\-μ-Kp-cp-tZ-h≥ BZyImeØv {_“-k-am-P-Øn¬

{]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ {_“-k-am-P-

Øns‚ Hcp imJ BZy-ambn ÿm]n-®Xv tImgn-

t°m-´m-bn-cp -∂p. tUm. tKm]m-e-\m-bn-cp∂p

AXn\v t\XrXzw \¬In-b-Xv. inh-tbm-Kn°v

{_“m-\-μ≥ F∂ k\ym-k-\maw sImSp-ØXv

At±-ltØ-°mƒ kzev]w {]mbw Cfb tKm]m-

e≥ tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp-∂p. BflhnZym-kw-LØns‚

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v \s√mcp apt∂‰w \S-Øp-hm≥

cwK-sam-cp-°n-bXv {_“-k-am-P-am-bn-cp-∂p.

tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm-]m-e≥ BIr-Xn-bnepw

{]Ir-Xn-bnepw Akm-[m-c-W-amb {]uVn Ie¿∂

hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p. "a\p-jymWmw kl-t{kjp

I›n-ZrX' F∂v Ko-X-bn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-́ n-t√. AXp-

t]m-semcp ]pcpjtIk-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p At±lw.

C∂pw Rm≥ \ΩpsS ss]Xr-I-sØ-∏‰n

kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ At±-l-Øns‚ \maw \mhn-

t∑¬ Ibdnhcpw, ]e-X-h-W. {io. _me-tKm-]m-

es\ ]cn-N-b-∏-Sp-tºmƒ ]nXm-hmb tUmIvS¿

Xnc-»o-e-bv°-∏pdw t]mbn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw ]q¿Δ-

kvar-Xn-Iƒ FXn-tc-‰p-sIm-≠mWv ]p{Xs\ Rm≥

_‘-s∏-́ -Xv. At±lw im¥\pw kvt\l-io-e\pw

Bbn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ kl-[¿Ωn-Wn-sbbpw

Rm≥ Hm¿°p-∂p. hfsc kwkvIr-X-amb Hcp

kz`m-h-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cp-tS-Xv.

{io. _me-tKm-]m¬ A—s‚ ]mX-Iƒ shSn-

™n-s√-¶n-epw, cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]mX-

bnepw At±lw Im¬sh-®p. tIcf Akw-ªn-bn¬

AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-s\-°mƒ kvac-Wobw At±-

l-Øns‚ PohnXw If-¶-te-iw-t]mepw Ie-cm-Ø-

Xpw XnI®pw Km‘n-Pn-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-bpsS

khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Dƒs°m-≠Xpw Bbn-cp∂p

F∂-X-t{X.

At±lw F∂pw tkh-\-cw-K-Øm-bn-cp-∂p-̨ -B-

fl-tk-h-\-a-√, A\y-tk-h-\w. C∂v tkh\w

F∂m¬ kztk-h-\-am-Wv. {io. _me-tKm-]m¬

Pohn® Imehpw A∂v {]^p-√-am-bn-cp∂ kwkvIm-

chpw C\n Cu \mń¬ Xncn-®v-h-cptam? kwi-b-

am-Wv. AØ-c-°m¿°v A∂v thm´pw Inń-bn-cp-

∂p. C∂v Ah¿ X≈-s∏-Sp-sa∂v Dd-∏v.

At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp {][m-\- {]-h¿Ø-\-cw-K-

am-bn-cp∂p {KŸ-im-em-cw-Kw. ae-_m-dn¬ B

cwKØv At±lw kvXpXy¿l-amb t\´-ßƒ ]e

Xpw D≠m-°n. tImgn-t°ms´ {KŸ-imem {]ÿm-

\-Øn\v At±lw F∂pw c£-I¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

tem°¬ sse{_dn AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS {]h¿Ø\

ØnemWv {io. _me-tKm-]m¬ IqSp-X¬ {i≤n-®-

Xv. AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS Iogn-ep≈ sse{_-dn-Iƒ°v

{]tXyI hy‡nXzw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

A—s‚ cmjv{So-b-]m-c-ºcy-amWv {io. kpP-\-

]m¬ ]n¥p-S¿∂vh-cp-∂-Xv. Xs‚ al-Ømb

ss]Xr-IsØ At±lw kZm- kva-cn-®p-h-cp-∂p-≠m-

h-Ww. At±-l-Øns‚ cmjv{So-b-Øns‚ hyXy-

kvXX CXn¬\n∂v Dd-sh-Sp-°p-∂p. `mhn At±-

l-Øn\v tim`-\hpw cmjv{S-`mhn KpW-{]-Zhpw

Bbn-Øo-cs´ F∂v tImgn-t°m-´v-Im-tcm-sSm∏w

Rm\pw Biw-kn-°p-∂p.

Hcp hm°p-IqSn: IpSpw-_-a-lna Fs∂m∂v C∂v

\jvS-{]m-b-am-bn--Øo¿∂nt√? \ap-°n∂v AXns‚

kv̂ pc-W-ßƒ sXfn™v ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. {io.

kpP-\ -]m -ens‚ IpSpw -_-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw

Zo¿Lhpw al¬kn-≤n-Iƒ°v km£yw hln-

®Xpw BWv. IpSpw_ kwkvImcw hy‡n-bpsS

kz`m-h-Øn¬ lrZy-amb Hcp ]cn-a-fw-t]mse ]c-

∂v -In-S-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v F{Xtbm sXfn-hp-I-fp-

≠v. as‰m-∂n¬\n∂pw AXv e`y-am-hn-√. Cu [\y-

amb IpSpw-_-hy-‡nXzw ASpØ Xe-ap-dbpw Gs‰-

SpØv XpS-tc-≠-Xm-Wv. Imew A\p-Iq-e-a-s√-¶nepw!

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 31 31 31 31 3

t__n-tb-́ ≥ F∂kvt\l-k-º-∂≥

Xnt°m-Sn-b≥○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

F∂mWv t__n-tb-´s\ I≠-sX∂v Hm¿Øv

t\m°n. Imew Gsd BbXp-sIm≠v IrXy-amb

amk-tam Xnø-Xn-tbm sIm√tam ]d-bm≥ {]bm-

kw. cmjv{Sob kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-ß-

fn¬ \nd™v \n¬°p∂ t__n-tb-´s\ BZy-

ambn ImWp-∂Xv tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-Øn¬sh®p-

X-s∂. anTm-bn-sØ-cp-hn¬, Ct∏mƒ \mj-W¬

ÃpUntbm \n¬°p-∂-Xn\v ASpØv As∂mcp ae-

_m¿ {] p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m¿ shÃv tImÃv

kvs]IvtS-‰¿ {] v! AsX, AXp-Xs∂ t]cv. \nc-

Øn-eqsS IS-∂vt]m-Ip-tºmƒ AhnsS shfpØv

XSn®v a[p-c-\m-c-ß-bpsS \nd-ap≈ Hcp bphmhv

\n¬°p-∂p. JZ¿ap-≠v, Pp∫, ]pt≈m-h¿. ImgvN-

bn¬ Hcp DØ-tc-¥y≥ t\Xmhv Xs∂. CXm-cm-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Aº-c-°m≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ H∏-

ap≈ kplrØv ]d-™p:

""AXmWv t__n-tb-´≥!''

t\cn¬ ImWp-∂-Xn-s\-{Xtbm apºvXs∂ tI v́

]cn-N-bn® t]cm-bn-cp-∂p. t]cn-\p-S-asb t\cn¬

I≠-t∏mƒ BZ-c-shm-∂n-c-ń-®p. XnI™ buΔ-

\hpw sXfn™ kuμ-cy-hpw. A∂sØ sNdp-∏-

°m¿°v cmjv{Sob t\Xm-°-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v Nne

k¶¬]-ß-sf-√m-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B k¶¬]-

Øn\v tbmPn® cq]hpw thj-hp-am-bn-cp∂p

t__n-tb-´-\v.

ASpØv ]cn-N-bn-°m\pw At±-l-Øn\v Fs∂

CjvS-amIm-\p-ap≈ Imc-W-ßƒ ]ndsI hcp-∂p.

`mcXv tkhm kwL-Øns‚ B∏okv A∂v Bcy-

`-h≥ sIń-S-Øn\v kao-]-Øp≈ Hcp amfn-I-∏p-d-

Øm-bn-cp-∂p. tIcfw I≠ a\p-jy-kvt\-ln-I-fn¬

{]ap-J-\mb {io. hn.- B¿. -\m-b-\m-cpsS B∏o-

m-bn-cp∂p AXv. AhnsS ]yqWmbpw kzo∏-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 41 41 41 41 4

dmbpw Hmôkv Akn-Ã‚mbpw {]h¿Øn-°m≥

Htc Hcmƒ Rm\m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv GXm≠v 1943-

˛44 Ime-Øm-bn-cn-°-Ww. A∂v cmjv{Sob kmaq-

ln-I-˛-kmw-kvIm-cnI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-te¿s∏´

F√m-hcpwXs∂, {io. \mb-\m-cpsS B∏o- p-ambn

_‘-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. P\\∑-bv°m-bp≈ GXv {]N-c-

W-Øn\pw aSn-Iq-SmsX kl-I-cn°p∂ Bfm-bn-

cp∂p \mb-\m¿. Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcp hninjvS

hy‡n-bp-ambn t__n-tb-´≥ _‘-s∏-ń-cp∂p

F∂Xv FSpØv ]d-tb-≠-Xm-bn-ń-√. hnti-jn®v,

kvs]IvtS-‰¿ {] v, \mb-\m-cpsS B∏o-kn¬ \n∂v

Hcp hnf-∏m-S-Ise \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. Hgnhv In´p-

tºm-sgms° t__n-tb-´≥ \mb-\m-cp-ambn kwh-

Zn-°m≥ ]pXnb ]≤-Xn-I-fp-ambn hcpw. Fs‚

apºn¬IqSn \mb-\m -cpsS apdn -bn -te°v

IS∂vt]mIp-tºmƒ t__n-tb-´≥ F\n-s°mcp

Nncn kΩm-\n-°pw. {ItaW B Nncn, kulr-Z-

Øns‚ s]m≥shfn-®-am-bn hnI-kn-®p. Xs‚ Hcp

IpSw-_mw-K-sØ-t∏mse At±lw Fs∂ kzoI-c-

n®p. acWwhsc B kulrZw At±lw kq£n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. a\p-jy-sc-sb-∂-t]mse ka-

kvX -Po-h-Pm-e-ß-tfbpw kvt\ln-°m≥ Ign-hp≈

Hcp henb lrZ-b-Øn-\p-S-a-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.

Hcp sNdnb DZm-lWw ChnsS Ipdn-bv°-s´.

Hcp-\mƒ tdmUn¬\n∂v Btcm hnfn-°p∂p:

""tams\.... tams\.....''

XpS¿∂v tK‰ns‚ Xncn-°p‰n Id-ßp∂ i_vZw.

HmSn hcm-¥-bn-se-Øn-t\m-°p-tºmƒ tK‰n-\-∏pdw

t__n-tb-´≥ \n¬°p∂p; ]Xnhv thj-Øn¬.

Rm≥ _≤-s∏´v sN∂v tNmZn-®p. ""F¥m t__n-

tb´m?''

Fs∂ H´pw Ku\n-°msX DSs\ adp-]Sn

h∂p. ""Xs∂b√ hnfn-®-Xv. tams\-hn-sS. thKw

hnfn-®m-s´. Xnc-°p≠v ''. ]d™v Xocpw apºv tam≥

HmSn-sb-Øp-∂p. ap≥Im¬ c≠pw tK‰n¬ Db¿Øn-

sh-bv°p-∂p. XIr-Xn-bmbn hmem-´p-∂p. ]ns∂

Ah¿ XΩn¬ Ah¿°v am{Xw a\- n-em-Ip∂

`mjbn¬ Ipi-e-{]iv\w \S-Øp-∂p. F√mw

Ign™v kt¥m-j-`-cn-X-\mbn t__n-tb-´≥

Ft∂mSv tNmZn-°p-∂p.

""Chs\ Ipfn-∏n-bv°m-dn-t√?''

""CSbv°v Ipfn-∏n°pw?''

Fs‚ adp-]Sn tIƒ°pw aptº t__n-tb-́ s‚

Xm°o-Xv.

""t]mcm, AXv t]mcm, BgvN-bn¬ c≠v Xh-

W-sb-¶nepw Ipfn-∏n-°-Ww'.

Ct∏mƒ a\- n-em-bnt√ t__n-tb-´s‚ Poh-

Im-cpWy{]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ coXn. \o ]√v tXt®m,

Ipfnt®m, ̀ £Ww Ignt®m Fs∂m∂pw Ft∂mSv

tNmZn-®n√. At±-l-Øn-\-dnbmw F\n°v hni-°p-

tºmƒ ̀ £Ww tNmZn®v hmßm-\p≈ Ign-hp-s≠-

∂v. As√-¶n¬ FSpØv Ign-°mt\m th≠n-h-

∂m¬ ]mIw sNømt\m Ign-bp-sa-∂v. \mbv°-

fpsS Imcyw Aß-s\-b-√-t√m. Ahsc Adn-™v

ip{iq-jn-t°≠ Npa-Xe a\p-jy-cp-tS-Xm-sW∂v

t__n-tb-´≥ kz¥w {]hrØn-bn-eq-sSbpw D]-

tZ-i-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-ØpI ]Xn-hm-bn-

cp∂p.

X\n°v {]nb-s∏´ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ {i≤

]Xn-∏n-°m≥ A\m-tcmKyw aqew Akm-≤yamb

Ah-km\ Ime-L-´-ß-fn¬ Gsd t\chpw {_“-

k-am-P-a-μn-c-Øn-em-W-t±lw Ign®v Iqń-b-Xv. \mb,

]q®, ]ip-°pń XpS-ßnb an≠m-{]m-Wn-I-fm-bn-

cp∂p Iqń-\v Gsd-bpw. Nmcp-I-tk-c-bn¬ Ccn-°p-

tºmƒ t__n-tb-´s‚ amd-Øn-cn-°m≥ Hcp ]q®-

°pń Ft∏m-gp-ap-≠mIpw. AXv-t]mse AwK-̀ wKw

h∂-hcpw A\m-Y-cp-amb P¥p-°ƒ ]eXpw A∂v

t__n-tb-́ s‚ At¥-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. sshIo-

´m-hp-tºmƒ ]pd-Øn-dßn F√m-‰n\pw `£Ww

tiJ-cn®v sIm≠p-h∂v sImSp-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS

kwXr-]vXn-bn¬ B\μwsIm≈p-∂p. Nmcp-I-tk-

c-bn¬ ae¿∂v InS∂v amdnse ]q®-°p-ń-tbbpw

Xmtem-en-®v, -Xs‚ Np‰p-ap≈ {]P-I-fpsS t£am-

t\z-jWw \S-Øp∂ t__n-tb-´s‚ apºn¬

\n¬°p∂ \nß-fpsS a\ v Hcp \nanjw ]nd-

tIm´v k©-cn-°p-∂p.

Xnc-°n´ `c-W-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ apgp-Inb P\-{]-

Xn-\n[n, sse{_dn AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS t\XrXzw

Gs‰-SpØv hn{i-a-an-√msX HmSn \S-°p∂ {KŸ-

imem {]h¿Ø-I≥, kmaqly \oXn-°p-th≠n

\nc-¥cw s]mcp-Xp∂ kXy-{K-ln, ]d-b-t©-cn-

bnse Kh. sslkvIq-fns‚ ÿm]-\-Im-cy-ß-

fnepw {]h¿Ø-\-cw-K-ß-fnepw amdn-amdn {]Xy-£-

s∏ v́ hn{i-a-Po-hnXw ad∂pt]mb P\-t\-Xm-hv, ]d-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 51 51 51 51 5

b-t©-cn-bnse sk≥Kp]vX hmb-\-imebpsS

{]mW-hm -bp, Aßs\ Fs¥ms°, F{X-

sbms° cwK-ß-fn¬ t__n-tb-

´≥ XI¿Øm-Sn. {_“-k-amP

aμn-c-Ønse Nmcp-I-tk-c-bn¬,

Xs‚ an≠m- {]m -Wn -Iƒ°v

\Sphn¬ \n»-_vZ -\m -bn , -

{]m¿∞ \m\nc-X-\mbn Ign-

bp∂ t__n-tb-´≥, Im‰-I-∂v,

Ce-I-sfm-Xpßn A]m-c-X-bn¬

IÆ-b®v {]]©clkyw

tXSp∂ Ac-bm¬ hr£sØ,

ImWp-∂-h-cpsS a\- n-te°v

£Wn-®v-sIm-≠p-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

al-Ømb Hcp ]mc-º-cy-

Øn\v Ah-Im-in-bm-bn-cp∂p

t__n-tb-́ ≥. Gsd Xe-ap-d-Iƒ

]nd-tIm´v sN∂v At\z-jn-°m-

sX-Xs∂ \ap°v B kXyw a\-

n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. At±-l-

Øns‚ alm-\mb ]nXmhv

tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥,

tImgn-t°ms´ NnØ-tcm-Km-kv-]-

{Xn-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-bmbn BXp-

c-ip-{iqj \n¿Δ-ln-°p∂ Ime-

Øpw \mS-I-c-N\-bnepw kwKoX ]cn-io-e-\-

Ønepw apgp-In-bn-cp∂ IY A∂v Gsd Bcpw

a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, Adn-hp-≈-h¿ Adn-

™n-cp-∂p. AXn\v Ncn-{X-tc-J-I-fp-≠v. ae-_m¿

F∂ Npcp-ßnb tZi-]-cn-[n-°-∏p-dØpw Iem-Im-

c -\mb tUmIvSsd temIw Adn-™n-cp -∂p.

]sØm≥]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ A¥y-Z-i-I-ß-fn¬

tUm. tKm]m-es‚ c≠v {]i-kvX-amb \mS-I-ßƒ-

˛-km-c-RvP\o ]cn-W-b-hpw kpio-em-Zpx-J-hpw-˛-\m-

S-I-t{]-an-I-fmb klr-Z-b¿ c≠p Iøpw \oń kzoI-

cn-°p-Ibpw cwK-Ø-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpap≠m-bn.

CXn¬ kpio-em-ZpxJw 1903-˛¬ kvs]IvtS-‰¿

{] n¬ ap{ZWwsNbvXv hn¬]-\bv°v Xøm-dm-°n-

bn-cp-∂p.

Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Ah-km\wI≠v XpS-

ßnb Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ CXns‚ Bcw`Zi-

bn¬ ap{ZWwsNbvXXpw Ign™ \q‰m-≠ns‚

A¥naL -́ß-fn¬ ]e-bn-S-ß-fnepw hnP-b-]q¿Δw

{]Z¿in -∏n -® -Xp -amb kpio -em -Zpx -J-Øns‚

ta∑bv°v sXfn-hmb c≠v hm°v-

IqSn ChnsS Ipdn -b v°-s´.

tIcfh¿Ω henb tImbn-Ø-

ºp-cms‚ A\p-tam-Z\ t«mI-

anXm:

""tKm]m-e≥ Ipi≥ Na-

s®mcp

kpio-em-Zp-Jamw \mSIw

`q]m-e-{]-h-c≠v ̀ qcn-X-c-amw˛

`‡ym-Z-cm¿jXw

hym]m -cm -¥ -c -Xm -¥ -s\ -

¶nep˛

aew ]m¿Øo-Sn-\m≥ kΩ-

Zm˛

Iqhm-c-Øn-\-IØv t]¿Øp-

a-[p-\m˛

IqØm-dn-t\≥ In© Rm≥''

(Cu \mSIw ka¿∏n-®Xv Xncp-

hn-Xmw-Iq¿ alm-cm-Pm-hn-\m-Wv)

_lp-a-Xn -I-fn -\n -bp -ap≠v

F{X-sb-¶n-epw. F.- B¿. cmP-

cm-P-h¿Ω, ]p∂-t»cn \oe-I-

WvT-i¿Ω, IS-Ø-\mSv t]m¿fm-

Xn-cn, DZ-b-h¿Ω-cm-P XpS-ßnb {]K-¤-a-Xn-Iƒ

kpio-em-Zpx-JsØ {]iw-kn-®p. kmaq-Xncn cmP-

hw-i-Ønse A©mw Iqdv hmgvN-bmb hnZzm≥

am\-hn-{I-a-\-Sp-{Xm-∏mSv Xºp-cm-\mWv Cu \mS-I-

Øn\v apJ-hpc Fgp-Xn-b-sX∂pIqSn tcJ-s∏-Sp-

Ø-s´.

tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-es‚ BZ¿i-kp-c-

`n-e-amb PohnXw shfn®whnX-dnb hoYn-I-fn-eqsS

ASn-]-X-dmsX PohnXbm{X -Xp-S¿∂ t__n-tb-

´\v FÆ-a‰ kplr-Øp°fpw Bcm[I-cp-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ F∂pw Hfn-a-

ßmsX t__n-tb-´≥ Pohn-°pw. kpio-em-Zpx-J-

Ønse `c-X-hmIyw:

""F√m {]Im-c-hp-a-kqb \in-®n-Ss´

h√m-sX-bp≈ Krl-a-kvX-c-ta-dn-Ss´

sNm√m¿∂ `‡n PK-Zo-i-\n¬ h∂n-Ss´

Ieym-W-sam-Sp -P-\-sams° hkn-®n-Ss´-''.

Izn‰v C¥ym-k-a-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-Xn\vPbn-en-em-bn, 1944¬ Pbn¬ hnap-‡-\m-b-

tijw FSpØ t^mt´m

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 61 61 61 61 6

F.-_m-e-tKm-]m¬--X-f-cmØ P\-tk-h-I≥hn.- ]m-dp-°p-ń-AΩ

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

F. _me-tKm-]m¬-˛-tIm-gn-t°ms´ aq∂v \mev

Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v "t__n-tb´\m-bn-cp-∂p. C∂-tØ-

Xn¬\n∂pw hfsc hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp∂p 1920-˛

Ifpw 30-̨ I-fpw. ]Ww hmcn-sb-dn-™v-Imcyw km[n-

°p∂ coXn A∂v {]mtbm-Kn-I-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

k¿°m-dns‚ klmbw Akm≤ywXs∂. hmbv]-

Ifpw k_vkn-Un-Ifpw tI´ptIƒhn t]mep-an-

√mØ hkvXp-X-Iƒ. hmbv] thtWm, ]≠w

]Wbwsh®m¬ Inń-sb∂v hcpw. As√-¶n¬

]W-b-sa-Sp-°m≥ hkvXp-h-I-I-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

e£-ßƒ, hoSv ]Wn-bm-\pw s]mXp-ÿm-]-\-ß-

fpsS \S-Øn-∏n-\pw {]Z¿i-\-ßƒ°pw a‰pw e`n-

°p∂ Ime-ap-≠m-hp-sa∂v Ac \q‰m≠v ap≥]v

Bcpw {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂n-√. Npcp-ßnb iº-fw,

AXvXs∂ e`n-°p∂ `mKy-hm-∑m¿ Npcp-°w.

s]mXp{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Hcp]t£ C∂-sØ-°mƒ

`wKn-bmbpw kPo-h-ambpw A°m-eØv \S-∂p.

{KŸm-e-b-ß-fpw \mS-I-k-an-Xn-I-fpw kmwkvIm-

cnI kwL-S-\-I-fp-ap-≠m-bn. Ah Xf-cmsX

apt∂m´v t]mbn. Bflm¿∞-amb {]h¿Ø-\w,

XymK-a-\x-ÿn-Xn, s]mXpImcy-ß-fn-ep≈ Xm¬]-

cyw, efn-X-amb Pohn-X-co-Xn, -i-‡n-bp‰ kulr-

Zw, BZ¿i\njvT-bn¬ Dd® hnizm-kw, P\Pohn-

X-Øn\v apt∂-dm≥ C\n-sb¥v thWw. kqcy-\-

kvX-an -°mØ km{am -Py -i -‡n°v apºn¬,

\nh¿∂p-\n∂v Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bp-hm-\pw, km{am-

Pym-[n-]sc sh√p-hn-fn-°m-\p-ap≈ i‡n Cu \m´p-

Im¿°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Imew. cmPmdmw taml≥

tdmbn-bpsS ss]Xr-Iw. alm-fl-Pn-bpsS t\XrXzw.

tkh-\-Øns‚ al-Xz-am¿∂ IpSpw_ ]›mØ-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 71 71 71 71 7

e-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ _me-tKm-]m-e\v P\-lr-Z-b-ß-

fn¬ Xs‚ \nkzm¿∞ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eqsS

ÿm\w t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ A\p-Iq-e-amb kml-N-

cy-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

kvIqƒ hm¿jn-Im-tLm-j-Øns‚ Iem ]cn-

]m-Sn-Iƒ°v Acßv Hcp-ßp-I-bm-Wv. sshZypXn

_‘w D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂mWv Hm¿Ω. D®-`m-

jnWn {]Xy-£-s∏-ń-ń-√. ]q®-ń-Iƒ FSpØv

sh®pw tXmc-W-ßƒ Xq°nbpw Xnc-»o-e-Iƒ

H∏n®pw tÃPv Hcp-°p-I-bm-Wv. HmSn \S-°p∂

A≤ym-]-I¿°v t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂p "t__n-tb-

´≥'. Rm≥ _n.- C. -Fw. tKƒkv sslkvIq-fn¬

Xmgv∂ ¢m nse hnZym¿∞n-\n-bm-Wv. t__n-tb-

´≥ Fs¥m-s°tbm X{¥-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v Xobn-

√msXXs∂ tlmaIpfiw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂p. t__n-

tb-́ \v klm-bn-bmbn FØn-bn-cp∂ Nhn-́ m¿tΩm-

Wnbw hmbn-®n-cp∂ tkTvPnsb Hm¿°p-I-bm-Wv.

Fs¥-¶nepw hnj-a-ß-fp-s≠-¶n¬ slUvan-kv{Skv

an nkv N{μ≥ ]dbpw "t__n'sb hnfn-°s´

F∂v. s]mXpImcy-ß-fn¬ Xm¬]-cy-ap-≈-h-cpsS

"ka-b-ap-S°m'bn-cp∂p A∂sØ ap-X¬apS°v'

hnti-jn®v, ]Ws®e-shm-∂p-an-√msX Imcy-ßƒ

\S-∂p. _ pw ss_°pan√. \Kca≤y-Øn¬

\n∂v I√m-bn-°pw IpXn-c-h-́ -tØ-°pw IS-∏p-d-tØ-

°pw tNhm-bq-cpw hc-°-te°pw a‰pw FØ-W-sa-

¶n¬ \S-°p-I-Xs∂ KXn. tlm -́ep-Iƒ A]q¿Δw.

s]mXp {]h¿Ø-Icpw t\Xm-°-∑mcpw tlm´-ep-

I-fn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ ]Xn-hn-√. AXv A¥- n∂v

\nc-°m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

kplr-Øp-°-fpsS BXn-Yy-am-bn-cp∂p A`n-Im-

ayw. tImgn-∏p-dØv am[-h-ta-t\m-s‚bpw sI.- F.

Zm-tam-Zctat\m-s‚bpw a‰pw hoSp-I-fn¬ F∂pw

AXn-Yn-Iƒ kpe-̀ -am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-sSbpw t__n-

tb-´≥ klm-b-Øn-s\-Øpw. \nd™ Nncnbpw

kulr-Z-am¿∂ apJ-`m-h-hpw-˛-t_-_n-tb-´s‚

hy‡nXzw Dds° {]Jym-]n®p. "klm-b-Øn\v

Rm≥ Chn-sS-bp≠v. \nb-a-ew-L-\-ßƒ°pw

Pbn¬bm{X-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hgnhp

thf-Iƒ cN-\m-flI {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°mbn hn\n-

tbm-Kn-°-s∏-́ p. AJn-te¥ym {]i-kvXn-bm¿÷n®

hy‡n-Iƒ P\Pohn-X-Øns‚ F√m Xe-ß-fnepw

t\XrXzw \¬Ip-hm≥ A∂v tImgn-t°m-´p-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p-h-s{X. at©cn cma-ø¿, t__n-tb-´s‚

]nXm-hmb tUmIvS¿ F. tKm]m-e≥, bphm-hmb

hn. -sI. -Ir-jvW-ta-t\m≥, sI.- ]n. -tI-i-h-ta-t\m≥,

anX-hmZn IrjvW≥, bp.- tKm-]m-e-ta-t\m≥, A∏p

s\Sp-ßm-Sn XpS-ßn tImgn-t°m-Sns‚ P\-Po-hnXw

kº-∂-am-°p-hm≥ Gsd t]cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-

cpsS Iogn¬ {]h¿Øn® t__n-tb-́ \v e`n® ]cn-

N-b-hpw ]cn-io-e-\-hpw C∂m¿°pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-

Sm-\n-√.

kp{]-kn-≤- Km‘n-b-\m-bn-cp∂ Pn. cma-N-

{μ\pw ]n∂oSv At±-l-Øns‚ ]Xv\nbpw a[p-c-

bnse Km‘n{Kma-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-bp-am-bn-cp∂

tUmIvS¿ kuμcw cma-N-{μ\pw t__n-tb-´s‚

am¿§-Z¿i-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ tImgn-t°mSv

{]h¿Ø\cwK-am-bn-cp∂ Imehpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

IaemtZhn-N-tXm-]m-≤ymb, Ah-cpsS `¿Ømhv

lcn-{μ-\mY NtXm-]m-≤ymb (k-tcm-Pn\n \mbn-

Up-hns‚ Cfb ktlm-Z-c≥) F∂n-h-cpsS t\Xr-

Xz-Øn-ep≈ \mSIkanXn Su¨lm-fn¬ SmtKm-

dns‚ \mSIw Ac-tß-dn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-Xmbn tIń-

´p-≠v. \thm-∞m\Imew, `mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈

{]Xo-£-Iƒ \nd™p hgn-™n-cp∂ \mfp-Iƒ,

t__n-tb-´\pw HmSn\S∂v {]h¿Øn-®p. hmb-\-

im-e-bpw tIm¨{K v IΩn‰n Hmôkpw kz¥w

hoSv-t]mse Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂ Imew.

Zim-_vZ-ßƒ°v apºpw tImgn-t°mSv a≤y-th-

\¬°m-eØv {]Z¿i\w ]Xn-hm-Wv. ]e-t∏mgpw

{]Z¿i\w k÷o-I -cn -®n -cp∂Xv C∂sØ

Kh¨sa‚ v KW-]Xn sslkvIqƒ (BÏp-ń-

Iƒ) sIń-S-ß-fnepw ]cn-k-c-ß-fn-ep-am-Wv.

{]Z¿i\w \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂Xv Nne-t∏mƒ ap\n-kn-

∏¬ Iu¨knepw ]e-t∏mgpw KW-]Xn

sslkvIq-fp-I-fpsS amt\-P¿ k¿tΔm-Ø-a-∑m-cpam-

bn-cp-∂p. C∂-sØ-t∏mse k¿°m¿ DtZym-K-ÿ-

∑m-sc-bpw hml-\-ß-sf-bpw {]Z¿i\ ]cn-k-c-ß-

fn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√. XnI®pw ]uc-∑m-cpsS kl-I-

c-Whpw k∂-≤-tk-h-\-hp-am-bn-cp∂p {]Z¿i-\-

Øns‚ Poh-\m-Un-Iƒ. t__n-tb-´∂v Cu

{]Z¿i-\-ßsf k÷oI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hen-sbmcp

]¶p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. {]Z¿i\ hkvXp-°ƒ sXc-

s™-SpØv kwL-Sn -∏n -°p -hm\pw Ah

{]Z¿i\lmfp-Ifn¬ BI¿j-I-amb coXn-bn¬

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 81 81 81 81 8

kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-hm\pw t__n-tb-

´\pw kplr-Øp-°fpw AXy-¥m-t]-

£n-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.

cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø-\-am-bn-cp∂p

t__n -tb-´s\ G‰hptasd

BI¿jn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. sXc-s™-Sp∏v

{]Nm-c-th-e-Iƒ k∂≤tkh-I-cn-

eqsS \S-∂p. apI-fn¬\n∂v ]Ww

hcp∂ G¿∏m-Sp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

Xm≥Xs∂ HmSn -°p∂ hml-\-

Øn¬ Ccp-∂vsIm≠v t__n-tb-́ ≥

Xt‚Xv am{X-a-√, ASpØ \ntbm-

PI afi-e-ß-fpsS ta¬t\m-´hpw

hln-®n-cp-∂p. a\w aSp-∏n-°p∂

G¿∏m-Smbncp∂n√ t__n-tb-´\v

sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ. {]mtZ-inI IΩn-

‰n-Isf i‡-am-°p-I, {]Nm-cW

tbmK-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I. XpS-

ßn-b-h-sb-√mw AXmXv {]tZ-isØ

{]h¿Ø-I¿ \n¿Δ-ln-®p. t__n-

tb-´≥ aq∂v XhW tNhm-bq-cn¬

\n∂v \nb-a-k`m sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v

\n∂-Xmbn Hm¿°p-∂p. AXn¬

c≠v XhW At±-l-amWv hnP-bn-

®n-cp-∂Xv. Gsd-°mew At±lw

tem°¬ sse{_dn AtXm-dn-‰n -

bpsS sNb¿am-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Hscm-

∂m-¥cw sse{_-dn -bmbncp∂p

tI{μ-{K-Ÿm-e-bw. "]©v' XpS-ßnb

Cw•ojv ̀ mj-bn-ep≈ B\p-ImenI

{]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ t]mepw B

{KŸm-e-b-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- \n-ba

kwhn-[m-\-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ hyh-

ÿ-I-fnse XI-cm-dp-Iƒ t__n-tb-

´s‚ D’m-lsØt∏mepw aμo-`-hn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-

cp-∂p. F∂mepw At±lw Xf-cmsX apt∂m´v

t]mbn.

C∂v tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-Øn¬ N≠n kwkvI-

cWw XpSßn ]e {]iv\-ßfpw ]cn-lm-c-an-√msX

InS-°p-I-bm-Wv. F.- _m-e-tKm-]m¬, ]n. Ip-amc≥,

F.- ]n. -_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n≈ XpS-ßnbhcpsS

A`mhw C∂v tImgn-t°m-´p-Im¿°v A\p-`-h-s∏-

{io. sI.- ]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m≥ {]kn-U-≠m-bp≈ tImgn-t°mSv sa‚¬ tlmkv]n-‰¬Fan-\n-‰okv IΩn-‰n-bpsS ̀ mc-hm-ln-bmbn {]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ Imew. Ccn-°p-∂-h¿ CS-Øp-\n∂v: tUm. F≥. hnP-b≥, sI.-]n.-tI-i-h-ta-t\m≥. \n¬°p-∂-h¿ CS-Øp-\n∂v:F. _me-tKm-]m¬, tUm. F.-_n. Zmkv

Sp-I-bm-Wv. s]mXpXm¬]-cy-ap≈ {]iv\-ßsf

tXSn \S-∂n-cp∂, Ah-bpsS ]cn-lm-c-Øn\v F¥v

XymKhpw kln-°p-hm≥ k∂-≤-cmb {]h¿Ø-

I-cp-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p tImgn-t°m-Sns‚

{]tXy-IX. ]Ww Ah¿s°mcp {]iv\-am-bn-cp-∂n-

√. Bfl-Xym-K-Øn-eqsS kwXr-]vXnbpw a\x-im-

¥nbpw t\Sp-hm≥ ]Tn® hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p F.-

_m-e-tKm-]m¬.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


1 91 91 91 91 9

Rm≥ Adn-bp∂t__n-tb-´≥

Sn. cmL-h≥○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

k¿Δm-Z-c-Wo-b\mb t__n-tb-´≥, {]mbw 35

Ign-™n-cn-°p∂p. Rm≥ t__n-tb-´s\ ]cn-N-

b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ. tImgn-t°mSv s]m‰-Ω¬ tKm]m-

e-]pcw F∂ Ip∂n¬ im¥n- Km¿U≥kv F∂

hoń¬ Bƒ°m-cpsS Xnc-s°m-gn™ kabw

D≠m-Im-dn-√. cmjv{So-bw, -km-aq-ln-I-w, -kmwkvIm-

cnIw F∂v-th≠ t__n-tb-´s‚ Isø-ØmØ

Hcp taJ-e-bpap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. im¥n Km¿U≥kv

F∂ t]cns\ A\z¿∞-am-°p∂ ho´v]cn-k-cw,

hnim-e-amb ]m¿°ns\ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂

]qt¥m´hpw ]e-bn\w hr£-ßfpw F√mw

t__n-tb-́ ≥Xs∂ ]cn-]m-en®v t]mcp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

a\p-jysc kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xv-t]m-seØs∂ a‰p

P¥p-°-sfbpw {]Ir-Xn-tbbpw kvt\ln® alm-

\mbncp∂p t__n-tb-´≥.

t__n-tb-´s‚ hońs‚ Ab¬]-°-°m-cm-bn-

cp∂p Rßƒ. Cu henb IpSpw-_-Øns‚ klm-

b-ßƒXs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p Fs‚ IpSpw-_-Øns‚

at∂m-´p≈ PohnXw. Fs‚ sNdp-∏-Im-ew -ap-

X¬t° Rm≥ t__n-tb-́ s‚ hońse Hcp \nXy-

k-μ¿i-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. {ItaW t__n-tb-́ \pambn

\s∂ ASp-°p-Ibpw B alm-\mb a\p-jy-s\-

°p-dn®v Adn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXpXpS-ßn. ]n∂o-S-

tßm´v t__n-tb-´s‚ Hcp Iøm-fmbn Ft∏mgpw

Rm≥ IqsS D≠m-bncp-∂p.

BZy-sams° sk≥Kp]vX sse{_-dn-bn¬

t__n-tb-´\v hcp∂ IØp-Iƒ hmßn-s°m-≠v-

h-cpI-bpw sse{_-dn-°p-th≠ ]{X-ßƒ hmßn-

s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw Bbn-cp∂p Fs∂ G¬]n-®n-

cp∂ tPmen-Iƒ. sse{_-dn- {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ At±-

l-Øns‚ knc-I-fn¬ Aen™ptN¿∂ H∂m-bn-

cp-∂p. Adnhv t\Sp-Ibpw t\Sp-∂h ]I¿∂v-sIm-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 02 02 02 02 0

Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ t__n-tb-´≥ ImWn®

Xm¬]-cyw-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p ]n¬°m-eØv At±-

l-Øns‚ hμy ]nXm-hns‚ kvac-Wbv°mbn

tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥ kvIqƒ ÿm]n-

°m≥ Imc-W-am-b-Xpw.

tIc-f-Øn¬ kzmX-{¥y-k-ac {]t£m-`-ßƒ

sImSp-ºn-cn-s°m-≠v-\n¬°-ptºmƒ ]e {]t£m-

`-ßƒ°pw s\Sp-\m-b-IXzw Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw

{]h¿Ø-\ß-fn¬ kPo-hamIp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-

≠n-cp-∂p. CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ apgp-InbXn\m¬

Bbn-cn°mw kz¥-ambn Hcp IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn-

t®m¿°m≥ sshIn-t∏m-b-Xv. 1946 Unkw-_¿

26˛\mbn-cp∂p t__n-tb-´s‚ hnhmlw. h[p

tUm. Ip™n-°-Æs‚ aI-fmb B\-μ-e-£van-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv kmaq-Xncn tImfPv lmfn¬

sh®m-bn-cp∂p hnhm-lw. {_“-k-am-P-Øns‚ N´-

°q-Sn-\p-≈n¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ efnXamb

coXn-bnembn-cp∂p NS-ßp-Iƒ. NS-ßn¬ ]s¶-Sp-

°m-s\-Øn-b-h¿s°√mw Hcp \mc-ßbpw ]qs®-

≠p-am-bn-cp∂p \¬In-bn-cp-∂-Xv. hnhm-l-tijw

t__n-tb-´s‚ kl-[¿Ωn-Wn-IqSn hfsc kPo-

h-ambn {]h¿Ø-\-cw-KØv {]Xy-£-s∏-´vXp-Sßn

CXn¬ A¤p-X-s∏-Sm-s\m-∂p-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p, t__n-

tb-´s‚ km∂n≤yw A\p-`-hn-®-dn™ GsXmcp

hy‡n°pw adns®m∂v Nn¥n-°m≥ km[n-°n-√.

hnim-e-amb hmb-\-bpw Nn¥-I-fpw ]pkvX-I-

ß-fp-am-bp≈ AKm[amb ASp-∏-hpw-X-s∂-bmWv

t__n-tb-´s\ {KŸ-im-em {]-ÿm-\-Øns‚

kmc-Yn-bm-°n-Øo¿Ø-Xv. Fs‚ {]mY-anI hnZym-

`ym-k-Øn-\p-tijw Fs∂ Kh. s{Sbv\nwKv kvIq-

fn¬ tN¿Øv ]pkvX-I-ßƒ hmßn-®v-XcpIbpw

Bh-iy-amb \n¿t±-i-ßfpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw \¬In

klm-bn® Kpcp-\m-Y≥IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p F\n°v

t__n-tb-´≥. CXn\v-tijw 1952˛¬ Imen-°‰v

Fwt]m-dn-b-Øn¬ F\n°v tPmen icn-bm-°n-

ØcpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu Ime-Øv-Xs∂ sse{_dn

{]ÿm-\-Øn¬ kPo-h-am-bn-cp∂ t__n-tb-´≥

Fs∂ sk≥Kp]vX sse{_-dn-bnse sset{_dn-

b≥ F∂ tPmen-bn¬ FØn®p. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈

tPmen-Iƒ°n-S-bn-eq-sSbpw In´p∂ ka-b-sØ√mw

t__n-tb-´s‚ {KŸ-imem {]ÿm-\-Øns‚

{]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ IqsS-\n¬°m≥ km[n-®-Xn¬

Rm≥ C∂pw Atß-b‰w kt¥m-jn-°p-∂p. Cu

{]h¿Ø-\-Øn-s‚-sb√mw ]cn-WX ê-sa-

t∂mWw C∂pw Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Rm≥ Hcp

sse{_dnbs‚ thj-Øn¬ Pohn -°p -∂p.

sse{_dn {]ÿm-\-Øn\v tIc-f-Øn¬ C{X-b-

[nIw thtcm´w e`n-®-Xn¬ {][m-\ -]¶vh-ln-®Xv

t__n-tb-´≥Xs∂sb∂v Xo¿Øv -] -d -bmw.

sk≥Kp]vX sse{_-dn-bpsS {]mcw-`-Im-eØv

sse{_-dn-bnse Hcp km[m-cW AwKwt]mep-a-

√m -bn -cp∂ t__n-tb-´≥ sse{_-dn -bpsS

hf¿®°v -th≠n Fs¥√mw sNbvXpthm

AsX√mw B alms‚ e£y-t_m[wXs∂-bm-

bn-cps∂∂v Xo¿®.

1933 sk]vXw-_¿ 15 sk≥Kp]vX sse{_dn

{]h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n -®p. ]d-b-t©-cn -bnse

sse{_dn {]h¿Ø-I¿ Cßs\ Hcp t]cv

sse{_-dn°v kzoI-cn-°m≥ ImcWambXv CtX

h¿jw sabvamk-Øn¬ hS-I-c-bn¬sh®v \S∂

tIcf kwÿm\ tIm¨{K- ns‚ A≤y-£-\mbn

FØn-bXv _lp -am -\y -\mb sP. -Fw.

sk≥Kp]vXbmbn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Ønse tIm¨{K-

ns‚ kzmX-{¥y-k-ac {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ IqSp-X¬

kPo-h-am-°m≥ DX-Inb Cu ktΩ-f-\-Øn-\p-

tijw Pqembv 23˛\v Cu al-Xvhy-‡n-bpsS

tkh\w tIm¨{K- n\v F∂-t∂-°p-ambn \jvS-

s∏-´p. Ct±-l-tØm-Sp≈ BZckq-N-I-am-bn, B

kva-c-W \n-e-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn sse{_-dn°v Cu

t]cv \¬Im≥ Xoc-am\n°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

]g-b-Ime ae-_m-dnse sse{_dn{]ÿm-\-

Øn\v XpS°wIpdn®Xv Cu sse{_dn-bn¬\n-∂v-

X-s∂-bmWv F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ sX‰p-≠m-hn-√.

t__n-tb-´s‚ {]h¿Ø\taJe hfsc hnim-

e -am -b -Xn -\m¬ kmaq -ln -I -˛ -kmw -kvIm -cnI

cwKØpw anI-th-dnb H´pan° {]h¿Ø-\-

ßƒ°pw t\XrXzw sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v. t__n-tb-

´≥ Hcp Iem-Im-ct\m {]mkw-Kn-It\m A√m-Xn-

cp-∂n´pw GsXmcp thZn-bnepw \nd-™p-\n∂

hy‡n-Xz-am-bn-cp∂p. Iem-Im-c-∑msc AWn-bn-s®m-

cp-°p-∂-Xn¬ {]tXyI Ic-hn-cpXvXs∂ t__n-

tb-́ ≥ ImWn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu {]hr-Øn-bn¬ t__n-

tb-́ s\ Kpcp-ÿm-\o-b-\m°n hnZy-Iƒ A`y-kn®v

AsXmcp sXmgn-em°n am‰n-b-hcpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

kwL-S\m {]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ `mKsa -

t∂mWw, 1954˛¬ tIm´qfn Hcp ]-©m-bØv

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 12 12 12 12 1

{]tZiw t]mepw A√m-bn-cp∂ ImeØv F√m

Rmb-dm-gvNbpw IpXn-c-h´w apX¬ ]pXn-bd ]mew

hsc t__n-tb-´\pw a‰v kwL-S\m {]h¿Ø-

Icpw tN¿∂v ASn-®v-hmcn hrØn-bm-°pI ]Xn-

hm-bn-cp-∂p.

sse{_dn {]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw

AwK-ß-fpsS h¿≤-\hpw 1956˛¬ sk≥Kp]vX

sse{_-dn°v ]pXnb sIńSw D≠m-Im≥ CS-bm-

°n. CXn\v-th≠ F√m t\Xr-Xzhpw \¬In-bXv

t__n-tb-´≥Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-\p-tijw

sse{_-dn°mbn Hcp Iem-k-anXn, _me-kw-Lw,

alnfmhn`mKw, lnμn ¢mkv apX-em-bh \S-Øn-

bXv t__n-tb-´s‚ {ia-^-e-am-bnØ-s∂-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. CXn¬ aln-fm-hn-`m-K-Øns‚ {]kn-U-≠m-

bn-cp-∂Xv B\-tμ-´Øn F∂v Rm≥ hnfn-®n-cp∂

t__n-tb-´s‚ kl-[¿ΩnWnXs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

sse{_-dn-°mbn Znh-khpw H≥]-tXmfw ]{X-ßƒ

t__n-tb-´≥ FØn-®v-sIm-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. Cu

ImesØ ae-_m-dnse G‰hpw anI® sse{_-dn-

X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p sk≥Kp]vX F∂v Dd-∏n®v- ]d-

bmw. AwK-_-ew-sIm≠pw Iem˛kmwkvImcnI

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒsIm≠pw anI-hp‰ Cu {KŸm-e-

b-Øn¬ Hcp h≥ ]pkvX-I-ti-J-chpw a‰v B\p-

Im-enI {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßfpw F∂pw ImWp-am-

bn-cp-∂p. t__n-tb-´s‚ Xm¬]-cy-{]-ImcamWv

F√m-h¿jhpw sse{_dn Iem-k-anXn kzmX-{¥y-

Zn-\-w, dn∏-ªn-IvZn\w, Km‘nPb-¥n, inip-Zn\w

F∂nh hn]p-e-ambnØs∂ \S-Ønbn-cp-∂Xv.

sse{_dn {]h¿Ø\w F∂Xv Xs‚ c‡-

Øn¬ Aen-™p-tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂v sXfn-bn-

°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv t__n-tb-´-\n¬\n∂v-

tImgn -t°m -Sn\pw ae-_m¿ taJ-e -b v°v -

samØambpw e`n-®n-cp-∂Xv. CXn\v sXfn-hmWv

1959˛¬ ae-_m¿ tem°¬ sse{_dn AtXm-dn-‰n-

bpsS sNb¿am-\mbn At±-lw sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-

´-Xv. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ sse{_-dn-bn¬ \m¬]-

tXmfw Zn\-]{X-ßfpw 200-Hmfw amkn-I-Ifpw

FØn-°p-∂-Xn¬ t__n-tb-´≥ {]tXyIw {i≤n-

®n-cp-∂p. CXn-s\√mw H∏w ae-_m-dnse Dƒ\m-

S≥ {Kma-{]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw sse{_-dn-Ifpw hmb-\-

im-e-Ifpw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw AXns‚ F√mw

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ icn-bm-b -hn-[-Øn¬ \S-Øp-∂-

Xn\pw At±lw t\cn´v sN∂v th≠ \n¿t±-i-

ßƒ \¬Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. \Ωƒ C∂v ImWp∂

tImgn -t°mSv sk≥{S¬ sse{_dn ÿm]n-

°p∂Xn\v-th≠n ÿe-sa-Sp-ØXv t__n-tb-́ -\m-

sW-¶nepw AXn¬ Hcp sIńSw \n¿Ωn-°m≥

At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n-√.

sse{_dn {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ F∂√ F√m

kwL-S\m {]h¿Ø-\-Ønepw Pohn-X-Øn¬

Xs∂bpw hfsc I¿°-i -kz`mh°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂p

t__n-tb-´≥. A\ym-b-Øn-s\-Xnsc apJw

t\m°msX {]Xn-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p, AXv kz¥w kl-

{]-h¿Ø-I-tcmSpw ImWn-®n-cp-∂p. Dd® Xocp-am-\-

ßƒ FSp-°p-∂-Xn¬ H´pw aSn-Im-Wn-®n-cp-∂pan√.

Hcp kw`hw Hm¿°p∂p; 1952˛¬ sk≥Kp]vX

sse{_-dn-bpsS P\-d¬t_mUn -tbm-K-Øn¬

N¶mfn cm-a≥Ip-́ n-\m-b¿ tNmtZym-Øc ka-b-Øn-

\p-tijw Hcp tNmZyw -D-∂-bn-®Xv t__n-tb-´\v

CjvS-s∏-ń-√. CXn-\p≈ t__n-tb-´‚ adp-]Sn

Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p: "ao‰nwKv Ae-t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bm¬ ]pd-Øv-t]m-tI-≠n-hcpw'. CXv cma≥Ip-́ n-\m-

bsc sNmSn-∏n-°p-Ibpw At±lw 100 cq] am\-\-

jvS-Øn\v tIkv sImSp -°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

F∂m¬, tIkv hn[n-]-d-bp-∂-Xn-s\√mw aptº

t__n-tb-´≥ cma≥Ipń\mbsc ImWp-tºmƒ

Nmb-Ip-Sn-°m≥ £Wn-°mdp-≠v. kz¥w kwL-

S\m {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p-≈n¬\n-∂v--Xs∂ CØcw

thZ-\n-∏n-°p∂ A\p-̀ -hßƒ B henb a\p-jy\v

t\cn-tS≠nh∂n-´p-≠v.

t__n-tb-´≥ hy‡n-ap{Z ]Xn-∏n® as‰mcp

{]h¿Ø\taJ-e-bm-bn-cp∂p {_“-k-amP {]ÿm-

\w. tIc-f-Øn¬ Cu {]ÿm-\-Øn\v cq]w \¬In-

bXv At±-l-Øns‚ hμy- ]n-Xm-hmb dmhp-km-

tl_v tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥ Bbn-cp-∂p.

1948˛¬ ]nXm -hns‚ th¿]m -Sn -\p -tijw

t__ntb -́≥ {_“-k-am-P-Øns‚ sk{I-́ -dn-bmbn

ÿm\-ta-‰p. C∂v tImgn-t°m´v tUm. Aø-Øm≥

kvamcI kvIqƒ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ sIńSw Xs∂-

bm-bn-cp∂p A∂sØ {_“-k-am-P-Øns‚bpw

Hmôkv. ChsS Rmb-dm-gvN-tXmdpw k¿Δ-aX

{]m¿∞\ \S-Øn-t∏m-∂p. F√m Znh-khpw Xpd∂v-

{]h¿Øn-°p∂ Hcp doUnwKv dqapw ChnsS

{]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. PmXn, aX, Abn-Ø, A\m-

Nmc, A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒs°-Xnsc t__n-tb-

´\pw i‡-ambn t]mcm-Sp-Ibpw CXn-s\-Xnsc

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 22 22 22 22 2

i‡-amb {]N-c-W-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-

°pbpap≠m-bn. CXv kmaq-lnIambn hfsc ê-

h-Øm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.

an{i-hn-hmlw Ign-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ kzPm-Xn-

bn¬\n∂v- {`jvSv I¬]n-°-s∏-´-Xns‚ t]cn¬

IjvSX-b-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-hsc klm-bn®psIm≠v

At±lw kaq-l-Øn\v amXr-I-bm-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

t__n-tb-´≥ Hcp XnI™ Km‘n-b≥IqSn

Bbn-cp-∂p. JZ¿hkv{Xw -am-{X-am-bn-cp∂p [cn-®n-

cp-∂-Xv. Km‘n-P-b¥n Zn\-Øn¬ AJ-fi-kq-{X-

b-⁄w, \q¬\q¬]v, k¿Δ-a-X -{]m¿∞\, Km‘n-

km-lnXy {]kwKw F∂nh \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. kmaq-

lnI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ FÆn-bm¬ XocmØ

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øn-bn-cp∂p. t__n-tb-´≥

Ah-bn¬ FSpØv ]d-bm-hp∂ Nne-Xn¬ H∂mWv

]d-b-t©cn tKƒkv kvIqƒ sslkvIq-fmbn XpS-

ßm≥ A\p-hmZw Inń-b-t∏mƒ ÿe-an-√msX- h-

∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿°mbv sk≥Kp]vX sse{_-dn-

bpsS apIƒ\ne kvIqfn\v \¬In. ]n∂oSv kvIqfn-

\mbn Hcp lmƒ \n¿Ωn-®v sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. cmjv{Sob ]m¿ń-Isf Hcn°epw Xcw-

Xn-cn®v ImWmsX Ah-cpsS aqey-ßsf F∂pw

BZ-cn-®n-cp∂ Hcp hy‡n-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-

lw. Hcn-°¬ 1954˛¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń°v ktΩ-

f\w \S-Øp-hm≥th≠n teUn N{μ-h¿°¿

kvIqƒ ]d-ºnse hoSv tNmZn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. Hcp

FXn¿∏pw IqSmsX kt¥m-j-tØmsSØs∂

t__n-tb-´≥ kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

kzmX-{¥y-k-ac tk\m-\n, ae-_m¿˛Im-

k¿tKmUv {KŸ-imem sk{I-´-dn, sI.- ]n. -kn.

kn saº¿, tNhm-bq¿ ]n.- kn. -kn. skmssk‰n

sk{I-´-dn, sk≥Kp]vX sse{_dn {]kn-U-≠v,

tIm´qfn {Kma-tk-hm-kwLw sk{I-´-dn, ae-_m¿

tem°¬ sse{_-dn AtXm-dn‰n saº¿, tIc-fm -

\n-b-a-k-̀ mKw, SmPv sSIvssÃ¬ {]kn-U-≠v, {_“-

k-amPw sk{I-´-dn, AJn-te¥ym £b-tcmK

\n¿Ωm¿÷\ Atkm-kn -tb -j≥ saº¿,

sse{_dn D]-tZ-iI kanXn saº¿ XpS-ßnb

H´-\-h[n \ne-I-fn¬ {]h¿Øn® At±lw \sΩ

hn´v]ncn-™n´v ]Xn-s\´v h¿jw Ign-™p-t]m-sb-

¶nepw B i_vZhpw cq]hpw C∂pw Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-

bn¬ Pohn-°p-∂p.

cmPm-Pn-K-h¨sa‚n¬ a{¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ tImßm-́ n¬ cma≥ta-t\m≥ tImgn-t°m v́ h∂-t∏mƒ FSpØ t^mt´m: Ccn-°p-∂h¿CS-Øp-\n∂v: bp. tKm]m-e-ta-t\m≥, F.hn. Ipń-am-fp-A-Ω, tImßm-́ n¬ cma≥ta-t\m≥, ankn-kv tKm-]m-e-ta-t\m≥ (\m-cm-b-Wn-A-Ω), anknkv cmapÆn tat\m≥ (kz¿Æ-Ip-amcn tat\m≥). \n¬°p-∂-h¿ CS-Øp-\n∂v: sI.-]n. cmapÆn tat\m≥, tImgn-∏p-dØv am[-h-ta-t\m≥, F. _me-tKm-]m¬, ]n.- Ip-am-c≥, Ip™n-i-¶-c-ta-t\m≥

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 32 32 32 32 3

dmhq kmln_vtUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥

kzmX-{¥y-k-ac tk\m-\nbpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw amXr-`qan ]{X-Øns‚ ]{Xm-

[n-]-\p-am-bn-cp∂ ]tc-X-\mb sI. ]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m≥ Fgp-Xnb "ka-

Im-eo-\-amb Nne tIc-fo-b¿' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ tUm. Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e-

s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xnb teJ\w. {KŸw 1974˛¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv.

Ac \q‰m-≠v-Imew A\m-

Nm-c-ß-tfmSpw A‘-hn-izm-

k-ß-tfmSpw a√n-´p-sIm≠v

BXpctkh-\-Ønepw kap-

Zmb ]cn-jvI-c-W-Ønepw

\na-·-\m-bn-cp∂ tUmIvS¿

Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-e≥ ae-_m-

dnse ]e {]ÿm-\-ßƒ°pw

t\XrXzwsImSp -°p -Ibpw ]e

ÿm]-\-ßƒ Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-

cp-∂p. ae-_m-dn\v ]pd-Øp-≈-h¿IqSn tUmIvS¿

Aø-Øm≥ tKm]m-es‚ kap-Zmb ]cn-jvIm-c-ß-

sf-∏‰n tI´v At±-l-Øns‚ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ tXSp-

hm-\mbn h∂n-cp-∂p. tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-es‚

Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ hfsc hnim-e-am-bn-cp∂XpsIm-≠v

At±lØns‚ kplr-Zvh-e-bhpw hnim-e-am-bn-cp-

∂p. s]mXp-cw-KØv {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-h¿ Xmc-X-

tay\ Ipd-hmb B Ime-Øv, _‘p-°-fp-sSbpw

bmYm-ÿnXnI-cp-sSbpw FXn¿∏p-Iƒ Ah-K-Wn®v

kz¥w BZ¿i-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-

Xn\v \√ [oc-Xbpw a\-°-cpØpw Bh-iy-am-bn-

cp-∂p. tUmIvS¿ tKm]me\v AXv th≠p-thmfw

D≠m-bn-cp-∂pXm-\pw. Xe-t»-cn-°-Sp-Øp≈ A©-

c -°-≠n -bn¬ {]kn -≤n -

bm¿÷n® Hcp Xd-hm-SmWv

I√m-´v. AXnse Imc-W-h-

cmb cmapÆn Hcp hyh-km-

bn-bm-Wv. amWn°w F∂mWv

At±-l-Øns‚ ]Xv\n-bpsS

t]cv. Aø-Øm≥ N¥-s‚bpw

I√m´v Nncp-X-Ωm-fp-sSbpw c≠m-

asØ aI-\mbn 1861 am¿®v 3˛mw

XnøXn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ tKm]m-e≥ P\n-

®p. A©v hb- p-ap-X¬ ]{¥≠v hb- v-hsc Ahn-

SsØ sNdnb Hcp kvIqfn-em-bn-cp∂p tKm]m-e≥

]Tn-®-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw Xe-t»-cn-bnse {_Æ≥

kvIqfnepw anj≥ sslkvIq-fnepw hnZym-`ymkw

XpS¿∂p. B ImeØv IpSpa km[m-c-W-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. IpSpa C√m-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm sIń-shbv-°m-Xn-

cn -°p -Itbm sNøp-∂Xv henb t]mcm-bva -

bmbn´mWv Icp-Xn-h-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. sslkvIq-fn¬

]Tn-®n-cp∂ ImeØv Imc-W-h-cpsS kΩXw

IqSmsX IpSpa apdn-®Xv henb [n°m-c-ambn

At±lw Icp-Xn. IqSmsX Xs‚ kl-]m-Tnbpw

kplr-Øp-amb Hcp ap°p-hs‚ hoń¬ Ieym-W-

Øn\v t]mb-Xv Imc-W-hsc t£m`n -∏n -®p.

sI. ]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m≥

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 42 42 42 42 4

Aßs\ sXΩm-SnØw ImWn-°p∂ acp-a-Is\

Xd-hm-ń¬ ]m¿°p-hm≥ At±lw A\p-h-Zn-®n-√.

AhnsS\n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-Im≥ At±lw B⁄m-

]n-®p. B Imc-W-Øm¬ tKm]m-e≥ Ahn-Sw-hn´v

A©c°≠nbn¬ A—s‚ H∂n®v ]m¿°p-hm≥

XpS-ßn. A—≥ A∂v Hcp shf-f-°m-cs‚ Idp-∏p-

tXm-´-Øn¬ Hcp Kpa-kvX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]ns∂, aZn-

cm-in-bn¬ t]mbn saUn-°¬kvIq-fn¬ tN¿∂p.

AhnsS \n∂p sshZy-]-co£ ]m m-bn. 1888˛¬

Kh-s◊‚ v k¿Δo-kn¬ tN¿∂p. At±-l-Øn\v

Ccp-]-Øn-tb-gv -h-b v {]mb-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 1888

apX¬ 1924 hsc At±lw Kh-s◊‚ v k¿Δo-kn-

em-bn-cp-∂p. B ImeØv ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw

tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e≥ Bkv]-{Xn-I-fpsS Nm¿Pv

Gs‰-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. At±lw Be-Øq¿ Bkv-]-{Xn-

bn¬ Hcp Akn-Ã‚mbn tPmen-sN-bvXn-cp∂ Ime-

ØmWv Rm≥ tKm]m-es\ BZy-ambn I≠-Xv.

ss{]adn ]co£ ]m m-bm¬ saUn-°¬ k¿ń-

^n-°‰v hmßpI A∂sØ ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

Rm≥ AXn-∂mbn At±-lsØ kao-]n-®n-cp-∂p.

F\n-°∂v ]Øv-h-b v {]mb-am-bn-cp-∂p. tUmIvS¿

tKm]m-es‚ Zo¿L-Im-bhpw {]k-∂-h-Z\hpw

kt¥m-j-ap-f-hm-°p∂ kwkm-chpw BI¿j-I-

amb s]cp-am‰hpw Rm\n-t∏mgpw Hm¿°p-∂p-≠v.

tcmKn-Isf t\m°p-∂-Xn-∂mbn ASp-Øp≈ {]tZ-

i-ß-fn-te°v Imf-h-≠n-bn¬ t]mIp-∂Xv At±-

l-Øns‚ ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. hgn-bn¬ {]mhp-I-

sfbpw apb-ep-I-sfbpw ImWp-tºmƒ At±lw

ssIbn-ep-≠mbncp∂ tXm°v-sIm≠v shSn-sh-

bv°pw. ]n∂oSv At±lw \s√mcp \mbm-´p-Im-c-

\mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. s]mXpsh B {]tZ-i-Øp-

Im-sc√mw CjvS-s∏-́ n-cp∂ Hcp tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp∂p

tKm]m-e≥. DtZym-K-Im-eØv ]e ÿe-ß-fnencn-

°p-Ibpw ]e Bfp-I-fp-ambn CS-]-g-Ip-Ibpw

sNbvX tKm]m-e\v temI-]-cn-Nbw [mcmfw kºm-

Zn-°p-∂-Xn\v Ign-™p.

1897 emWv, AXp-hsc aZn-cmin kwÿm-\-

Ønse ]e Pn√-I-fnepw tPmen-t\m-°n-b-tijw

tImgn-t°ms´ NnØ-tcm-Kmkv]-{Xn-bn¬ tUmIvS-

dmbn \nb-an-X-\m-b-Xv. At±lw Be-Øq-cm-kv]-

{Xn-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ ImeØv Xe-c-t»-cn-bn¬

h°o-embn {]mIvSokvsNbvXn-cp∂ cma-im-kv{Xn-

Iƒ AhnsS ap≥kn^v Bbn-cp-∂p. kXy-k-‘-

Xbpw IrXy-\n-jvS-bp-ap≈ Hcp ap≥kn^v am{X-am-

bn-cp-∂n√ At±lw; Hcp Cuiz-c-hn-izm-knbpw

sshZn-I-\pam-bn-cp-∂p. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬sh®v ]cn-N-

b-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ At±-lsØ tKm]m-e≥ ]e-

t∏mgpw sN∂v I≠n-cp-∂p. B kº¿°-amWv aX-

Im-cy-ß-fn¬ At±-l-Øn\v Xm¬]-cy-ap-f-hm-Ip-∂-

Xn\v Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-°n-b-Xv. {_“-k-am-P-sØ-°p-

dn®v At±lw BZy-am-b-dn-™Xpw cma-im-kv{Xn-

I-fn¬\n∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

AXn-\vap≥]v 1894 Unkw-_¿ 30-˛mw XnøXn

Xs‚ AΩm-h≥ cmap-Æn-bpsS aI-fmb Iuk-

eysb hnhmlwsNbvXp. aZn-cm-in-bn¬sh®v

{_“-k-am-Pm-Nm-c-ß-f-\p-k-cn-®mWv hnhm-l-

I¿Ωw \S-∂-Xv. {]kn-≤-\mb kwkvIr-X-]-WvUn-

X≥ tUmIvS¿ cma-Ir-jvW`WvU¿°¿ Bbn-

cp∂p ]ptcm-ln-X≥. C¥ybnse ]e-`m-K-Øv-

\n∂pw {][m-\n-I-fmb Nne {_“-k-amPw AwK-

ßƒ B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

{_“-k-am-Pm-Nm-c-ß-f-\p-k-cn®p≈ aZn-cmin

kwÿm-\-Ønse BZysØ hnhm-l-am-Wn-sX∂v

]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

tImgn-t°m´ ÿnc-Xm-akw XpS-ßn-b-Xn-\v-ti-

j-amWv tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-es‚ s]mXp-tk-h\w

icn-bmbn Bcw-`n-®-Xv. {_“-k-am-Pm-Z¿i-ß-

tfbpw XØz-ß-tfbpw AXns‚ ÿm]-I-\mb

cmPmdmw tam-l≥ tdmbn-bpsS Poh-N-cn-{X-tØbpw

KmV-ambn ]Tn®v AX-\p-k-cn®v kzbw PohnXw

cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ \n›-bn® tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e\v

P\-k-Ω-X-\mb Hcp kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI¿Øm-hns‚

\ne-bn¬ t]sc-Sp-°p-∂-Xn∂v A[nIw Xmakw

th≠n-h-∂n-√. 1898 P\p-hcn 14-̨ mw XnøXn At±lw

{_“-k-am-P-Øns‚ Hcp imJ tImgn-t°m´v

ÿm]n -®p. A∂v tIcf hnZym -im -e -bnse

(C∂sØ Kpcp-hm-bq-c-∏≥ tImfPv) Hcp {][m\

A≤ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Pn. kp∫-dm-hphpw {_“-

k-am-P-Øn¬ tN¿∂v tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e-t\m-

sSm∏w kam-PsØ A`nhr≤n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn∂v

{ian-®p-h-∂p. 1900˛¬ tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-es‚ ]cn-

{i-a-^-e-ambn Hcp {_“-k-am-P-a-μncw ]Wn-sN-

øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ÿew cmcn-®≥ aq∏-cn¬\n∂v

Nm¿Ønhmßn. B sIń-S-Øns‚ DZvLm-S\w

\n¿Δ-ln-®Xv hnZzm≥ am\-hn-{I-a≥ G´≥ Xºp-

cm-\m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw ]n∂oSv kmaq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sp-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 52 52 52 52 5

ambn. kam-Pmw-K-ß-fpsS Bh-iyØn∂mbn

tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e≥ Xs∂ ]e {]m¿∞-\m-Km-

\-ßfpw cNn-®n-cp-∂p. Ah ]n∂oSv ]pkvX-I-ambn

{]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B ]pkvX-I-

Øns‚ Hcp tIm∏n A∂v hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cp∂

Cu teJ-I\v tUm. tKm]m-e≥ kΩm-\n-®Xv A`n-

am-\-]q¿Δw A\p-kva-cn-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p. tUm.

tKm]m-es‚ ]cn-{i-a-Øns‚ ê-ambn tImgn-

t°m´pw ASpØ {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw ]e an{i-hn-hm-

l-ßfpw \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. tKm]m-es‚ aqØ-a-

I\pw GI- ]p-{Xnbpw hnhm-lw-I-gn-®Xpw PmXn°p

]pd-Øp-\n-∂m-Wv. Xm≥ sNøp∂ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ°-

\p-k-cn®v tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e≥ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp∂p-̨ an-{i-hn-hml Imcy-Øn-em-h-s´, a‰p

Imcy-ß-fn-em-h-s´, hnhm-l-Øn-\v -apºv hnhm-l-

_-‘-Øn-te¿s∏-Sm≥ t]mIp∂ h[q-h-c-∑m-cpsS

kz`m-h-tØbpw Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ÿnXn-

tbbpw ]‰n kq£va-ambn At\z-jWw \S-Øn-b-

Xn-\v -tijta tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e≥ B hnhm-l-

Øn\v {_“-k-am-P-Øns‚ {]kn-U≠v F∂ \ne-

bn¬ A\p-hmZw sImSp-Øn-cp-∂p-≈q. BgvN-

tXmdpw \S-∂n-cp∂ -{]¿∞-\m-tbm-K-ß-fn¬

At±lw k∂n-ln-X-\m-IpI am{X-a√, {]kw-Kn-

°p-Ibpw kam-Pmw-K-ßƒ H∂n®v {]m¿∞\mKm\-

ßƒ ]mSp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

{_“-k-amPw tI{μ-am-°n-s°m-≠mWv Abn-

tØm-—m-S\w, A[-xIrX-hnZym`ymkw, an{it`mP-

\w, an{i-hn-hmlw apX-emb {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

tUmIvS¿ XpS¿∂v \S-Øn-b-Xv. PmXn-hy-Xym-khpw

a‰v A\m-Nm-c-ßfpw \mń¬ \S-am-Sn-s°m-≠n-cp∂

Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. cmjv{Sob kzmX-{¥y-Øn-

∂mbn tIm¨{K v kwL-Sn -X-amb i_vZw

Db¿Øp-hm≥ XpS-ßnb Imew, F∂m¬, cmjv{So-

b-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ Kh-s◊‚p-tZym-K-ÿ-\m-bn-

cp∂ tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e\v kuI-cyap≠mbn-cp-

∂n-√. CjvS-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v thWw ]d-

bp-hm≥. kap-Zm-b-]-cn-jvIm-c-cw-KØv ]Wn-sb-Sp-

°p∂ Hcmƒ°v A∂v cjv{So-b-cw-KØp {]h¿Øn-

°p-∂-h-tc-°mƒ ss[cyhpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw

Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p. tKm]-e∂v AXv th≠p-thm-

f-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-Xm-\pw.

tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e≥ {_“-k-am-P-{]-h¿Ø-

I\pw tkh-\-X¬]-c-\mb Zo\-_-‘phpw am{X-

am-bn-cp-∂n-√. \s√mcp kmln-Xy-Im-c\pw Iem-t{]-

anbpwIqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Io¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p ]pdsa

{_“-k-am-P-sØ-∏‰n ]e teJ-\-ßfpw sNdp-]p-

kvX-I-ßfpw At±lw {]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

kmc-RvPn\o ]cn-Wbw F∂ kwKoX \mS-I-

Øns‚ I¿Øm-hp-am-Wv At±-lw. kpio-em-ZpxJw

F∂ as‰mcp \mS-Ihpw At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-́ p≠v.

kmc-RvPn\o ]cn-Wbw tIm´-bv°¬ ]n.- F-kv.

hmcy-cpsS \mS-I-kwLw ]e {]mhiyhpw Ifn-

°p-I-bp-≠m-bn -´p -≠v. CXv IqSmsX tcmKw

GXm≠v amdnb NnØ-tcm-Kmkv]-{Xn-bnse At¥-

hm-kn-I-tfbpw kpKp-W-h¿≤n\n kwL-S-\-bpsS

AwK-ß-tfbpw tN¿Øv s_Uv B‚-Wn,

ssl{Zmen F∂o \mS-I-ßfpw Bt±lw Ac-tß-

dp-I-bp-≠m-bn. \mS-I-sa-gp-Xp-∂-Xn-se-∂-t]mse

kwhn-[m\w sNøp-∂-Xnepw At±lw Xs‚ Iem-

]m-Shw {]I-S -am -°n-bn -cp -∂p. tImgn -t°mSv

Su¨lm-fn¬ Hcp \nd™ kZ- n\p ap≥]n¬

B \mSIw Ac-tß-dn-b-t∏mƒ AXv ImWp-hm-

\mbn Rm\pw AhnsS t]mbn-cp-∂p.

tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-es‚ {]h¿Ø-\-cwKw hnim-

e-am-bn-cp-∂p. {_“-k-am-P-X-Xz-ßfpw BZ¿i-

ßfpw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-∂mbn tIc-f-Øn¬ ]te-

SØpw At±lw k©-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Nne ÿe-ß-

fn¬ kam-P-Øns‚ imJ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-∂mbn

At±lw ap≥ssI-sbSpØv {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v.

Ct∏mƒ Be∏pg-bn¬ \√- \n-e-bn¬ \S-∂p-h-

cp-∂Xpw 1924˛¬ ÿm]n-®-Xp-amb Be-∏pg {_“-

k-am-P-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ tUmIvS¿°v \nkvXp-

e-amb Hcp ÿm\-ap-≠v. am{X-a√, \mev -sIm√w

Ign-™-Xn-\v-tijw 1928˛¬ AhnsS {_“-k-am-

P-a-μn-c-Øns‚ Bh-iy-Øn-\mbn Hcp sIńSw

\n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXpw tUmIvS¿

tKm]m-es‚ {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-am-Wv.

tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-es‚ BZ¿i-\n-jvTbpw

kw`m-jW NmXp-cyhpw s]cp-am-‰-Øns‚ BI¿j-

I-XbpwsIm≠v At±-lØns‚ GsXmcp kwcw-

`-Øn\pw klm-bn-Isf e`n-°p-hm≥ {]bm-k-ap-

≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. s]mXp-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ At±-

lsØ klm-bn-®-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ {io. hn.

Ip™n-°-Æ≥ Kpcp-°ƒ, {_“-hmZn ]n. Ip™n-

cm-a≥, km[p inh-{]-km-Zv, sI. ]fl-\m-`-∏-Wn-

°¿ F∂n-h-cpsS t]cv FSp-Øv-]-d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


2 62 62 62 62 6

tImgn-t°mSv NnØ-tcm-Kmkv]{Xn tUmIvS-

dmbn \nb-an-X-\mbn FØnb DSs\ AXns‚

hnI-k-\-Øn-\mbn At±lw {i≤ apgp-h≥ tI{μo-

I-cn-®p. tcmKn-I-fpsS FÆw F{Xtbm A[nIw

h¿≤n-®n-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ \ne-hn-ep≈ sIń-S-ßƒ

Ahsc ]m¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw aXn-bm-bn-√-Xm\pw.

am{X-a√, tcmKw Iptd-sb√mw t`Z-s∏´ At¥-

hm-kn-Iƒ°v ]‰nb tPmen I≠v]n-Sn-°p∂Xn\pw

Ah-cpsS sXmgn¬sIm≠v Bkv]-{Xn-bpsS sNe-

hn-\p≈ ]Ww Iptdsb-¶nepw D≠m-°p-∂-Xn\pw

At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p. 18 sIm√w Ign™v

s]≥j≥ hmßn ]ncn-bp-tºm-tg°pw Bkv]-{Xn-

bpsS ÿnXn hf-sc-sb√mw sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v

At±-l-Øn\v km[n-®p. Bkv]-{Xn-bpsS A`n-hr-

≤n-°mbn At±lwsNbvX tkh-\sØ ]cn-K-Wn-

®mWv A∂sØ Kh¨sa‚ v At±-l-Øn\v dmhp-

km-ln_v F∂ _lp-aXn \¬In-b-Xv.

NnØ-tcm-Kmkv]{Xn kq{]-≠ns‚ \ne-bn¬

tcmKn-I-fpsS kuI-cy-ßƒ Hm¿Øv {]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-Xnepw Bkv]{Xn amt\-Pvsa‚ v Xr]vXn-I-c-ambn

\S-Øp-∂-Xnepw tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e≥ {]I-S-am-

°nb ]mShw s]mXp-P-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Iogp-tZym-K-

ÿ-∑m-cpsSbpw {]iwk t\Sn. B Bkv]-{Xn-

bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Hcp {][m\ ÿm\-amWv

At±lw t\Sn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. F∂n-cn-°nepw, Aø-

Øm≥ tKm]m-es\ C∂pw P\-ßƒ Hm¿°p-∂Xv

At±-l-Øns‚ \m\m-ap -J-amb s]mXp-tk-

h\wsIm≠m-Wv. A°m-cy-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚

{]h¿Ø-\-k-{º-Zm -bhpw kwL-S -\m - km -

a¿∞yhpw {]Xn-_-‘-ßsf t\cn-ń-cp-∂ a´pw

s]mXp-cw-KØv {]h¿Øn-°p∂ B¿°pw amXr-I-

bmbnØotc-≠-Xm-Wv. PmXn-kv]¿≤-sIm≠v

`n∂n®v ]e Zzo]p-Iƒ t]mse hn´v-hn-´v-\n¬°p∂

kap-Zm-b-ßsf ASp-∏n-°m-hm-\p≈ At±-l-Øns‚

{iaw F{X {]iw-kn-®mepw A[n-I-am-hn-√.

PXnbpw sXmgnepw F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw

\msa-√m-hcpw Hcp ssZh-Øns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fm-

sW∂pw HsØm-cp-an®v Pohn-t°-≠-h-cm-sW∂pw

At\ym\yw klm-bn -t°-≠-h -cm -sW∂pw

At±lw P\-ßsf hnSmsX DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®p. A\m-

Nm-c-ß-tfmSv \nc-¥-c-k-a-c-amWv \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-sX-

¶nepw At±-l-Øn\v i{Xp-°ƒ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

At±-l-Øns‚ Nne ]cn-jvIm-c-ßsf I¿i-\-ambn

FXn¿Øn-cp-∂-h¿t]mepw tKm]m-es\ hy‡n-

]-c-ambn CjvS-s∏-ń-cp-∂p.

Kh¨sa‚ vtPmen-bn¬\n∂v hnc-an-®-Xn\v

tijw ]pXn-b-d-bnse kzh-k-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p

At±lw ]m¿Øncp-∂-Xv. hm¿≤-Iy-k-l-P-amb

A\m-tcmKyw _m[n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ ]pd-

tØ°v t]mIp∂Xpw A[zm-\n®p {]h¿Øn-°p-

∂Xpw \n¿Øn, hoń-en-cp-∂p-sIm≠v D]-tZiw

\¬Ip-Ibpw \n¿t±i-ßƒ sImSp-°p-I-bp-amWv

sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. kz¥w IpSpw-_sØ t\m°n

c£n-t°-≠Xv GsXm-cm-fp-sSbpw IS-a-bm-sW-∂-

Xp-t]mse kz¥w kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ D∂-a-\-Øn\pw

\∑bv°pw th≠Xv sNtø-≠Xv Hcp ]ucs‚ Hgn-

®p-Iq-SmØ [¿Ω-am-sW∂v At±lw hniz-kn-®p.

Xs‚ kabØns‚ Hcp `mKhpw hcp-am-\-Øns‚

Hcwihpw AXn-\mbn \o°n-sh-t°-≠Xv ]uc-

[¿Ω-am-sW∂v At±lw Icp-Xn. kplr-Øp-°-

tfbpw kl-{]-h¿Ø-I-tcbpw A{]-Imcw sNøm≥

DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

tUmIvS¿ tcmK-i-ø-bn¬ InS-°p∂ Ime-Øm-

Wv, 1946˛¬, Rm≥ At±-lsØ Ah-km-\-ambn

I≠-Xv. £oWn®v Ah-i-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw

Iptd t\cw Rßƒ ]gb Ime-sØ-∏-‰nbpw

kplr-Øp-°-sf-∏-‰nbpw kwkm-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

A∂pw apJ-Øns‚ {]k-∂-Xbvt°m kwkm-c-

Øns‚ coXnt°m henb am‰-sam∂pw I≠n-√.

]ns∂ At±lw tcmK-i-ø-bn¬\n∂v Fgp -

t∂¬°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-ń-√. 1948 sabv 2˛mw XobXn

At±lw A¥-cn-®p. acn-°p-tºmƒ At±-l-Øn\v

87 hb v {]mb-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ ]cn-{i-a-Øn‚

ê-ßƒ kmaq-ly-a-fi-e-Øn¬ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p-∂Xv I≠p-sIm≠v acn-°p-hm-\p≈ ̀ mKyw At±-

l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn. tUmIvS¿ tKm]m-e\v \mev

Bä-°fpw Hcp aI-fp-am-Wv. tUmIvS¿ N{μ-tam-

l≥, tUmIvS¿ F. _n. Zmkv, {io. F. _me-tKm-

]m¬, tZh-Z-Ø≥ F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ch¿. GI-

]p-{Xn-bpsS t]cv {ioaXn ktcm-P-`mbv \nhmkv

F∂m-Wv. ""tKm]m-es‚ t]cn¬ Hcp sslkvIq(-

\-gvkdn apX¬)fpw Ct∏mƒ \S-Øn-h-cp-∂p-≠v.

kmaq-ly-]-cn-jvI-c-W-Øn\pw A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ

\o°w sNøp-∂-Xn\pw hgn shń-Øp-d∂ Hcp

t\Xm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ tUmIvS¿ Aø-Øm≥

tKm]m-es‚ kvacW Zo¿L-Imew \ne-\n¬°m-

Xn-cn-°-bn-√.

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P∑-i-Xm_vZn BtLm-j-Øn-s‚bpw kvIqƒ tUbp-sSbpw DZvLm-S\w

_lp. tI{μ {]hm-kn-Im-cy-a{¥n {io. hb-em¿ chn \n¿Δln-°p-∂p.

F. _me-tKm-]m¬ P∑-i-Xm_vZn BtLmj ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS kam]\ NSßv DZvLm-S\w

apJym-Xn-Yn-bmb tUm. kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°mSv \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂p.

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F. _me-tKm-]m¬ P∑-i-Xm_vZn BtLmj ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬\n∂v

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A. BalagopalBirth Centenary

Celebration & School Day

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F. _me-tKm-]m¬ P∑-i-Xm_vZn BtLmj ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬\n∂v

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F. _me-tKm]m¬ kvamc sIń-tSm-XvLm-S\w {]Xn-]£ t\Xmhv{io. DΩ≥Nm≠n \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂p.

F. _me-tKm]m¬ kvamc sIńSØns‚ inem-ÿm-]\w \n¿Δ-ln® tijw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒs°m∏w.

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'What a silly question', you may think, 'who doesn’t?Yes, it is true that almost all of us want to be happy.then why aren't we happy? who is stopping us? Sur-prisingly the answer is we ourselves!

A famous philosopher has stated, 'Happiness doesn'tdepend on outward conditions. It depend on inner con-ditions. It isn’t what you have or what you are or whereyou are or what you are doing that makes you happy, orunhappy. It is what you think about it'.

Why is it that the only person who seems to be soimportant to us, is the big "I"? However much we maycare for others, and want their welfare, we often cannotgo beyond the purely selfish interest of what, makes us

Do you want to beHappy?

happy or unhappy. Many of us may not be veryenamoured about material things. We may say that weare willing to make sacrifices for the sake of others,particularly those who we love. Yet when it comes tosacrificing or emotions for the sake of others, we findit difficult to look beyond our own heart. If I am un-happy with something, I refuse to consider the joy orsadness of others. It is such a strong inbuilt mechanism,with in each one of us that forces us like a drowning

person to struggle towards the fresh air of satisfac-tion and happiness; we fail to even understand whatcauses distress or disharmony to others, leave aloneactually trying to fulfill their needs.

One cannot always do what one likes, but onecan certainly like what one does. It is difficult butcertainly not impossible. And because it is diffi-cult, it is challenging. When you overcome this chal-lenge, you will be proud of yourself and that itselfwill be a source of happiness.

We have seen people enjoying their life whenit flows like a song as though the melody is immor-tal. And when something goes wrong, they breakinto pieces and can't face reality the people to beadmired are those who smile through difficult timesand it is the smile of such people that is truly ameaningful smile. Keep smiling and the world willbecome a place, worth smiling at. Remember thattrue happiness is like a butterfly try to chase it andit will fly off; grow flowers for it and it will comeand sit on your shoulders!

Akhil Gobind

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Birmingham is a small village situated at the northof Britain. It was one of the most beautiful village inall of Britain. The wheat fields in Birminghamlooked like Gold fields, river Telis flowing from theAndes all gave a freshness to our eyes and minds.Because of this lots of people come to Birminghamevery year to see this beauty. In this village lived a 22year old boy named Alex. He was an orphan. He wastaken care of by the priest in the church. He was veryskillful in making fine arts. The people in the villageknew the talents of Alex and admired him. In thesame village stayed 40 year Old Ben. He also was afine artist. But no body liked him, because of hisharsh personality. Ben started to become jealous,

because Alex was gaining morefame and fortune than him.

One day he decided tocreate a bad image about Alexin people's mind and in steadhimself make a good one. Atthat time Alex was doing awork for the village chief'sdaughter Elezabeth. Afterfinishing the work he decidedto have a break and left for tea.At that time Ben went intoAlex's shop and look thepainting done by Alex andwent straight to the chief'shouse. He had an anotherpicture with him painted byhimself. It was an ugly lady's.

Sarath Babu. K

The way toSuccess He greeted the chief and said "Sir, This is a picture of

your daughter that I had drawn please accept it". Thechief was very delighted and impressed in his drawingand his behaviour.

He decided to give him hundred pounds, and justthen Alex came there with his friend Richard and said:"Sir don't give it to him, that's my picture, he stole itfrom me. " The chief didn't understand-Ben said: "nosir, his picture is this". Then the chief asked. "How didyou know".Ben had nothing to say, The chief gave thehundred pounds to Alex for his work and honesty anddecided to give hundred whip Lashes to Ben. But Alexrefused. He said: “no sir, ‘don't give him any punish-ment. I forgive him" and turned to Ben and said" Sir,you don't have to steal others stuff to achieve fame. Toachieve success you need to be honest and truthful inyour life and must improvise on your work. That's howI do it. you can do it to. If you be just truthful toothers. These words made great changes in Ben's life.He became a better person and nice artist after that.

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Role ofStudentsfor abetterSocietyToday's children are the futurecitizens and hence their role is in-evitable in making up a better so-ciety. It is undutiful that the fam-ily is the base of social life. How-ever in a broad sense there is nodoubt in saying that school playsa major role in preparing the childto face the challenges of the fu-ture and to accept the triumphsand tragedies of life.

When we stress on the devel-opment of society, we mean thedevelopment of individuals, fami-lies and society as a whole. Actu-ally it is a slow process of trans-forming man in to superman andcivilization into superior civiliza-tion. Students community has

their process. They are wellequipped to take this challenge,because they have the advices,guidance and help of their teach-ers and parents. Students belongto the young age category of thesociety and hence they are ener-getic and have novel ideas. Forexample, we can take up the caseof literacy mission. ThoughKerala has a high rate in literacy,there are many thousands who arestill illiterate. A few years ago thestudent community participatedin a big way in the literacy mis-sion.

They have conducted classesfor many weeks during holidaysto impart literacy to illiteratepeople. Now the second stage ofthis campaign is being held. Stu-dent can participate in thisprogramme and improve thegrade of new literates. This surely

is a social development progra-mme. This along with many otherexamples clearly show us howstudents can play an active rolein building up a better society.

As mentioned earlier social development of individuals,families and society as whole,each one of us should try to de-velop moral values, develop sym-pathy for our fellow beings, dedi-cate a few minutes for the wel-fare of others and have a positiveand generous attitude towards thesociety. When we have such a vi-sion, we will automatically de-velop ourselves and hence therewill be no difference between ourpersonal interest and social re-quirements. As students it is ourduty to work whole heartedly to-gether to build up a better soci-ety.

Athira. D

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The Lazy Lion

Value of TimeAkhil Gobind

C. Afrin Rahim

Once upon a time there lived alion in a forest. The lion wasvery lazy and he was alwayssleeping. One day when the lionwas sleeping under a tree an antwalked up his tail. The lion wasdisturbed, but he was too lazy toget up and see what was on histail. So the lion called a monkeyand sai: "There's something onmy tail. Please pick it up for me".The monkey found the ant andpicked it. He threw it far away.Then the monkey turned to thelion expecting a reward. But thelion was fast asleep. The mon-key became angry. He quietlytied the lion's tail around a nearbytree. He waited behind a bushwhen the lion wake up. The lionpulled, but it didn't untie. Meanwhile all the monkeys gatheredaround watching the lion. Aftera lot of struggle the lion untiedhis tail. By now the lion become

angry. He went home and told hischildren to tell all the animals thathe was dead. "Every one mustcome" the lion told. All the animalsincluding the monkeys came to seethe lion. The lion lied still as if hewas dead. The monkey came close

to the dead lion. Suddenly hejumped on the monkey. But themonkey was quick and heclimbed the nearest tree andescaped. Since then the lion isalways trying to catch the mon-keys.

To know the value of a yearask a student who has failed-in his examinationto know the value of a monthask a mother who is supposedto give birth to a babyto know the value of a weekask a business man who had lost-the contractto know the value of a dayask a labourer who has small kidsto know the value of a an hourask a prson who had met an accidentto know the value of minuteask a traveller who had missd the train.

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A SPIDERIN THE

WEBBecause all ITs have social dimensions they musthave an interface that allows data to interact with atleast one of the 6 human senses.Because all sensory modalities must receive dataeither in time (eg: audio) or space (eg. : visual).Became changes in the organization of matter canbe understood in terms of information. IT revolu-tions are often revelutions in the control of physicalprocesses as well.Revolutions in information processing technologies,such as computers, may be difficult to understand interms of either a human interface or a materialinterface, but they too have social dimensions.

What is Internet?It seems like everyone's talking about the interest

these day's. But what is it really? How does it work?How do you access it? And most important, what canit do for you at work or at home?

How does the internet work?The Internet is a worldwide collection of com-

puter networks, co-operating with each other to change

The computer has become a part of our day today life,and help us in data processing and changing informa-tion. Connecting computer in 1969 and today internetis a common phenomenon.

What is personal computer? Let's define personalcomputer as a computer having the following attributes.

It must be digital computer.It must be largely automatic.It must be programmable by the end user.It must be accessible, either in a commercially

manufactured product, as a commercially available kit.It must be small enough to be transportable by an

average person.It must be impressive and enough to be affordable

by the average professional.It must be simple enough to use that it requires no

special training beyond an instruction manual.

What is IT?Information is neither matter nor energy. It can beconveyed by (a) Changing the organization ofmatter. (b) Changing the organization of energy.It is any system designed to gather, process ordistribute information.Since all IT can be examined in terms of the threecategories (data gathering, data processing datadistribution), all three categories have social dimen-sions as well.

Mrs. Elizabeth Shine

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data using a common software standard. Through tele-phone wires and satellite links, Internet users can shareinformation in a variety of forms. The size, scope anddesign of the internet allows users to:

Connect easily through ordinary personal computersand local phone number;Exchange electronic mail (E-mail) with friends andcolleagues with accounts on the internet.Post information for others to access, and update itfrequently.

Access multimedia information that includes sound,photographic images and even video.Access diverse perspectives from around the world.

You know?In February 1996, president Clinton signed into law

the communications Decency Act, which provides crimi-nal penalties for those who post or transmit "indecent"material via the Internet.

As the morning comes up againA whole and new day beginBirds animals from their nestsSaying 'Bye' to their young ones.Sets off into the sky or into the waterSearching food all day long.We, human the same wayAfter our long midnight-slumberDrinking a nice cup of tea.Starting the day with a smileWe the children taking our bagsSets for school to learn new thingsMeeting new friends and soaring on imaginations.This all happens because of one giant ball.A bright giant ball of fire.Who's come up in the skySpreading the universe full of light.Young ones who open their eyesFor the first time, looks amazed.Their eyes are filled with anxietyCurious about this beautiful world.To give each and every living beinga hopeful gay and aspiring dayagain bright morning comes every day.

Morning Comes up AgainNikhil. N

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We all know that after the World war II Britain losttheir place as one of the most powerful nations in theworld. Scientifically, economically and financially.Britain is lagging behind compared to other countries.But still one thing which was born at Britain and broughtup by Britain is sill ruling this world. You may haveguessed at it now-what is it? You all are familiar withit. Yes it's the language calledEnglish. It was a gift we gotfrom the British. Experts inlanguages says that language,which was formed by the mix-ing up of different civilizationsand other languages. They gaveit a special name. "Roman-Saxon- Danish-NormanEnglish.'' The Christian mission-aries. The Dutches French lan-guage and Tribes like Germani,Angles, Saxons, Gutes etc. con-tributed a lot in forming a farefather of the modern English that we see today. It's saidthat English was Born on thousands of years ago beforethe Birth of Geofrey Chaucer, The father of Englishpoetry. The modern English we speak now was formedfrom a language called the old English. Many of thewords we use in our modern English came from oldEnglish. Old English was the language of the AngloSaxons who came to Britain in 449 (Christian Era). Wecan’t write a sentence in English without using old En-glish words. The words The, is, you, laughter, Earth,

field etc. originated from old English. TheChristians gave almost 400 words to the old EnglishLanguage. Most of them are still used in our modernEnglish.

When some of the English people sailed to the Newfound land (America) there emerged a newlanguage called American English. British English and

the native languages of thepeople in America led to formAmerican English.

There are differences in thespeaking of American and Brit-ish English, also their spellingsfor words are also different.There is one more typeof English that is used by theAfricans or Neogros. TheEnglish people call it lazyEnglish. It's also called ungram-matical English as well. Theprogress in science made new

arrivals of words to the English vocabulary. Words likeATM, E-mail, Helpline, Menu, Monitor, Mouse, Ac-cess, Assembly, etc are included in this.

The ability of the English people to find new thingsand to accept them made English a language which haslots of words and a language which is globallyaccepted by every one. The famous American poetEmerson said "language is a city, for building it eachand every human is bringing a stone...''

THESTORY

OFENGLISH

Shyam Kumar. K

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Once there lived a young man Nemo, with his parentsin Kshmir. One day he was jogging. He suddenly saw aswan with a thorn pierced in it's wing. "Poor thing".He told and took out the thorn. The swan happily flewaway. Nemo reached home and told about his help tothe swan to his mother. Some one knocked at the door."Nemo..., open the door", his mother ordered. It was abeautiful lady searching for a job. Nemo's mother told,"Yep! Young lady.... you sure are very hard working.Tell me what all jobs can you do?'' Any thing that amaid can do", She replied. Then OK! You are now apart of my home. But as salary you'll only get food,clothes and shelter". "No problem", She agreed. Later,they became poor. They were in a severe condition."What can I do now?'' His father was very upset. "CanI help you" The young lady asked?'' Why not?" Shetold, "But I have some conditions. I'll be in one room,

you can place a carrot and saucer fill with tomato soup.But never try to open the door.

And in the night the members id as she instructedthem. In the morning she gave them a nice blanket.And they sold it for Rs. 25000/- This continued for twomonths. One night when Nemo was placing the food.He thought, "How hard she works? I must help her?''And he opened the door. He was astonished to find aswan In the place of beautiful lady. "Oh, No" Nemosaid "what had I done"? "I think so you have recog-nized me. The swan whom you have once helped. Icame here to help your family. I know you love mevery much and I too. But now you did this great mis-take and I'll be swan for ever. Now I have to leave. Byeforever" and she flew out giving a feather to him.

And he cried for his incomplete love. But with theblankets they lead their life without much difficulty.

WHITE SWANWHITE SWANWHITE SWAN

Hafsa Naaz

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{_m©v t^m¨Fe-Øq¿ (sa-bn≥) 2460093 Hmlcn aqe-[\w 1.60 (tIm-Sn)

Xe°pf-Øq¿ 2852209 {]h¿Ø\ aqe-[\w 59.32 '']pXn-b-ßmSn 2390222 \nt£]w 55.55 ''Fc-™n-°¬ 2462822 hmbv] 46.57 ''shÃv ln¬ (Np¶w) 2380700 C≥sh-Ãvsa‚ v 12.92 '']pXn-bm∏ 2461254]pXn-b-ßmSn (Cu-h-\n-ßv) 3208222

{]knU≠v

Fw.-hn. _me≥sk{I-́ dnv

]n. e£van

tkh-\-Øn-eqsS

hf¿®-bn-te°v

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


4 14 14 14 14 1

EXAMINATION FEVER

Even the saints say "God! do notput me to test" A test saps theenergies of a person and generatesmental agony makes him incapableof thinking in a proper and logicalmanner. Evil dreams huant thestudents and the 'dose' of admoni-tion given to them regularlydisturb them. Before the examina-tion, students cancel pleasurere oriented activities. They do notgo to playgrounds and they alsocancel their picnic schedules andforget about going for the latesmovies. They go on reading thebook. They read while drinking acup of tea or lying on their beds.

The examination fever touchesthe highest point on the night be-fore the examination. One gets dis-

Anand J. Nair

turbed sleep. Students get up earlyin the morning and even the athe-ists pray while hearing "This isa sure question" or somecountraries from friends, we getdisturbed and we turn the pageof notes and book in a hastymanner, as soon as we take theseat in the examination hall, wepray to god and revises thequestions. If the question pa-per is difficult, glasses of wa-ter came out. An easy questionpaper may make the choice ofquestions difficult. As we settledown to answer the questions,we might feel that most of whatwe had learned has gone outfrom our brain.

Even after the examination, thefever still haunts the student. He

tells his friend "I was a bit confused"or "I could not do justice to someof the questions". He counts hismarks daily and thinks that hewould get a better rank. He remainsin this type of suspense till the judg-ment day arrives. He tries to findhis roll number in the newspaper.

This moment is very trouble-some because failure wouldinvite remarks of the friends,neighbours and relatives even if hegets through he would be heardsaying. "There is something wrongwith the examiner. Perhaps myanswer sheets were replaced withthose of a weak student." Exami-nation fever is in fact, a painfulexperience for most of the studentsincluding me.

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4 24 24 24 24 2

Nandu was the son of Mr. Narayan aworkshoper. Nandu was very mischievous.

One day:In the evening; Nandu was about to

play cricket. His father became angry. "Play,play, play. Every time playing. Don't youhave any other work. Go and study. All thisis because of that you grow without know-ing what is trouble".

Nandu: "No, who told you this, In theclass I am who was more troubling."

Father: Started telling leis, can't you seeother children working hard.

Nanud: Yes, May be, but I am whotrouble a lot in the class. I am standing onthe bench while Others are sitting.

Father: What?Nandu: Yes, Every day I have, to stand

on the bench, because of not doing theEnglish home work.

Nandu told with a small laughFather: My God!Mr. Narayan was surprised on the trou-

bling of Nandu.

Troublingof NanduTroublingof Nandu

The Omnipresent

Aswathi. P

As I walked alone in the darknessI heard an echo,It was telling me:"My boy don't fret, I am behind".When I got into the crowd,Without room to stand or breathe,I heard again telling:"You aren't alone, "I am with you"When thunder and storm splashed over me,I heard again a soothing sound:"Relax, I am always at you"Then I felt a heavenly pleasure.Though heart fails, and life departsYou will live forever in my heart.Because you have an 'ocean of love',a 'mind full of forgiveness and a'heart of gold'

A. Alok Chand

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4 34 34 34 34 3

Herbert George Wells was a famousEnglish Writer. His most of theworks were Science fiction. ‘The warof the Worlds’ was one of his bestscience fiction. The inspiration forthe war of the worlds came one daywhen Wells and his brother Frankwere strolling through the peacefulcountryside in surrey, south of Lon-don. They were discussing the inva-sion of the Australian island of Tas-mania in early 1800's by Europeansettlers, who hunted down and killedmost of primitive people who livedthere to emphasize the reaction ofthese people. Frank said, "Supposesome beings from another planet wereto drop out of the sky suddenly and

War of Worlds

begin taking over surrey and than allof England!"

Well was inspired by thatsuppose and went on to study the sur-rey country side, it's towns and itspeople. From this, came theMartian invasion of surrey in the warof the worlds.

When Mr. Wells looked towardsmars in a telescope in the observa-tory of his friend oglivy. He saw abright light from Mars. He saw thesimilar bright explosion 10 times. Buton one knows what it really is. Theexplosion really was the launching ofspaceship of Martians who were theinhabitants in Mars. Who wants toescape from their dying planet. They

targeted the earth. After some days acylinder like huge structure fell onMaybury hill. It was a huge cylinder.It has made a huge pit around whereit had fallen. The people came closeto it but it was extremely hot. Aftersome time the to of the cylindermoved like a screw. Then it opened.Suddenly a strange ugly creature hav-ing tentacles jumped from it. Thenthe others also landed. People cameclose to these aliens, suddenly ithappened. A bright light came frominside the machine and burned all thepeople, even green trees were burnt.Lots of people died and others ranand saved their lives. The Martainsdestroyed the Mayburry hill and

Gautham P. Sathyapal

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4 44 44 44 44 4

killed the humans and animals intheir way using their machines.They killed human and animalsusing black smoke and light rays.The government authorities failedin controlling the Martian. Mean-while the other

cylinders were also landingall people fled to other places.There was panic in railway sta-tions etc. The Martian continuedthese destruction. Wells droppedhis wife in Lether land and cameback in a horse cart. But he wasattacked by a fighting machine.But he lucky escaped. He gotcompany with an artillery man.They hid in empty houses. Then

the Martians changed their routeto London. They destroyed therailway track, electric lines etc.The soldiers and fighting shipstried their best to stop them butthey don't Succeed. Theydestroyed the whole London.They killed the people and theydestroyed the streets of Londonand houses and mansions etc. Theintelligent Martians planned tomake a flying machine.

The man stood helpless. Itseems like human race beingextincted in the hands of Martian.The Martian injected humanblood into their veins. So theycaught all the human they saw.

But some thing marvellous hap-pened. No Martian was moving.Everyone has been dead. Thecrows were fighting against deadMartians. At last the scientistsfound out that it was the earthsbacteria who has killed theMartains. The Martians had noimmunity because, there were nobacteria in mars.

So Wells and his wife re-joined. The railway lines were re-paired. Every thing back to nor-mal. This novel tells that ourweapons are not as powerful asnature's. It is the nature, whosaved us.

PH: 0495 2298568, 2298588FAX : 0495 2294445E-MAIL: [email protected]

Best compliments....

The Karassery ServiceThe Karassery ServiceThe Karassery ServiceThe Karassery ServiceThe Karassery ServiceCo-Operative Bank LtdCo-Operative Bank LtdCo-Operative Bank LtdCo-Operative Bank LtdCo-Operative Bank Ltd

No. D. 2628

Head office : Mukkam(ISO 9001-2000 Certified Bank)

PresidentN.K. Abdurahiman

SecretaryAbdul Mujeeb. C

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4 54 54 54 54 5

Friends! They are theBlooming blossomsWhich spread fragranceOf love in our lifeSome of them areBeautiful throughoutOthers fall down QuicklyIt's a good boonTo have a friend like youYou are like the shining moonYou are shining like the moonAnd spread brightness in my lifeOur friendship isLike a riverThat never dries upMy life is nothing without youPlease be my friend,In my life throughout.

Friend in my life

We have a gardenerWho loves makings bouquets,He loves the day SundayAnd he is happy with the money we payHis name is Bob.He loves his evening wateringHe loves wearing pantsBut will never make mistake on caring plantsHe loves to plant blossomsWhich makes the mind blossomsThis is about our gardener BobWho loves his evening Gardening.

Our Gardener

Saleena Fathima

Aswathi. P

Flowers are the colourful giftof natureflowers are the symbol ofpeace and happinessWhen I go in front of my housein the morningThey look at me and smilewhen I go to bedThey will wish me good nightWhen I laughThey will also laughWhen I cryThey will also cry.

Flowers C. H. Sreeram

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4 64 64 64 64 6

The gentle breeze whispered to the skyAnd scattered miles of heavenlinessThe lovely blossoms spread their fragranceIn rhythm of seasons of sunThis is the feeling of springThat makes you smile all dayThe valley of tinkering blue bellsWarmed up under the suns glowingThe swifts dived into the bushesLazing around in earth's warmth.

All though the pleasant spring time.It is such a gay timeThe spring brought all birds to singAs the tree swayed along sideThe little modes dug into their homesDeep down the world so warm.The bushes with shiny dewdropsQuenched all the thirst of life.What a feeling of spring timeThat takes you into the valleyOf fun and warm thoughtsNever such a seasonThat can take your breath away.

Spring

Famous Psychologist Siegmund Freud Went forstroll in the garden with his wife and child. Onthe way back they found the child missing.His wife became nervous but Freud was un-moved as if nothing had happened."Why are you not serious?" She asked in frus-tration and anger."Cool it. Don't nervous. We shall find the child."Freud consoled the Lamenting mother."Without searching for him?" She asked withannoyance."Yes" Said Freud. "Did you ask the child notto go anywhere?"She thought for a while and said "Ah! I had

forbidden the child from going near thefountain"."Then", predicted Freud, "I am 95% sure thatthe child should be near the fountain".And the child was found sitting near thefountian enjoying the cascading.His wife asked Freud of this deduction that thechild should be near the fountain.The dozen of psycho-analysis explained thus,"A child will invariably go to a play which hasbeen prohibited. In the same manner he wouldsurely do a thing which he is asked not to do.Then he added, this simple rule is applicable toadults as well".

Athira. D

Simple Psychology

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4 74 74 74 74 7

\thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ \mb-I≥

iio-{μ≥ N°m-e-°≠n

]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠ns‚

Bcw`w apX-emWv \ho-I-cW

{]ÿm-\-ßƒ ̀ mc-X-Øn¬ cq]w

sIm≈m≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xv. Ch-bn¬

{][m-\-s∏´ H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. {_“-

k-am-Pw. {]K-¤\pw {]Xn-`m-im-

en-bp-amb cmPmdmw taml≥ dmbv

BWv {_“-k-am -P -Øns‚

ÿm]-I≥. `mc-X-Øn¬ \ho-I-

cW {]ÿm-\-Øn\v t\XrXzw

\¬In-bXv At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]ptcm-K-a-\-]-c-amb Bi-b-ß-

fpsS h‡mhpw Du¿÷-kz-e-

\mb ]cn-jvIcW-hm-Znbpam-bn-

cp∂ dmPdmw taml≥ dmbv 1772

sabv amkw 22-̨ mw XobXn _wKm-

fnse cm[m-\-K¿ F∂ {Kma-

Øn¬ P\n-®p. ]nXmhv cmwIm-

¥-dm-bnbpw amXmhv ^p¬XmI

dmWnbpw Bbn-cp-∂p. Hcp bmYm-

ÿn-XnI {_m“W IpSpw-_-am-

bn-cp∂p CXv. {Kma hnZym-e-b-

Ønse {]mY-anI hnZym-`ym-k-

Øn\v tijw Cw•o -jv ,

t]¿jy≥, Ad-_n-Iv, em‰n≥,

{^©v, ln{_p F∂o `mj-I-

fnepw {]mhn-Wy-\m-bn. lnμp-a-X-

Ønse hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sbbpw

a‰pw A]-e-]n-®p-sIm≠v Xøm-dm-

°nb {]_‘w bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-

\mb ]nXm-hns\ t£m`n-∏n-®p.

At±lw aI-t\mSv hoSvhn´p-t]m-

Im≥ B⁄m-]n-®p. hoSv-hn-ń-d-

ßnb At±lw ]e cmPy-ßƒ

Np‰n k©-cn®Xn\v tijw hmc-

Wm-kn -bn¬ FØn-t®¿∂p.

AhnsS lnμp-aX XXz-ßfpw

Z¿i-\-ßfpw a‰pw ]Tn-°m≥

Iptd sIm√-ßƒ Ign-®p-Iq-ń.

bp‡n-Nn-¥-bv°mWv At±lw

G‰hpw A[nIw {]m[m\yw

\¬In-b-Xv. GI-ssZh hnizm-k-

Øn¬ A[n-jvTn -X-amb Hcp

km¿heuIn-I-a-XsØ At±lw

kz]v\w I≠p.

CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n -bpsS

dh\yq hIp-∏n¬ cw_-]p-cØv

tPmensNbvXn-cp -∂ ImeØv

Xm{¥nI {KŸ-ßƒ ]Tn-°m≥

Ah-kcw e`n -®p . 1803˛¬

A—s‚ ac-W-tijw aq¿jnZm

_mZn-te°v Xmakw am‰n. 1815¬

At±lw "Bflobk`' Fs∂m

cp kwL-S\ cq]o -I -cn -®p .

F∂m¬ B k` FXn¿∏v-aqew

1819˛¬ \n¿Ø¬ sNtø-≠n-h-

∂p. {InkvXp-a-X-Ønse kv{Xo

XzsØ i‡n-bmbn hna¿in®

At±-lsØ C¥y-bnse anj-W-

dn-am¿ ITn-\-ambn FXn¿Øp-sh-

¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ teJ-\-

ßƒ°v bqtdm-∏nepw Ata-cn-°-

bnepw \√ {]Xn-I-cWw krjvSn-

°m≥ Ign-™p. km¿h-eu-In-I-

amb Hcp aXsØ Bcm-™p-sIm-

≠n-cp∂ At±lw lnμp-a-Xw,

Ckvemw aXw, _p≤-a -Xw,

{InkvXp-aXw F∂o aX-ßsf

Xmc-X-ay-s∏-SpØn Ah XΩn-

ep≈ ASn -ÿm-\ -] -c -amb

sFIyw Is≠-Øm≥ {ian®

BZysØ alm\m-bn-cp-∂p. 1829

Pq¨ 5˛mw XnøXn lnμp-°fpw

apkvenßfpw H∏n´ Hcp At]£

]m¿esa‚ n\v ka¿∏n-®p. Hcp

anI® ]{X- {] -h¿Ø-I-\mb

At±lw hnZym -`ymk ˛

cmjv{Sob kmaqly kmº-ØnI

cwK-ß-fnepw aX-cw-K-ß-fnepw

]pXnb DW¿hv D≠m-°n -

Øo¿Øp. _wKm-fnbn¬ BZy-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


4 84 84 84 84 8

ambn {[p]-ZvKo-X-ßƒ cNn® At±lw {_“-k-

`m-tbm-K-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn 32 {[p]-

ZvKm-\-ßƒ cNn-®p.

1828 BKÃv 20-˛mw XnøXn {_“-k` ÿm]n-

X-am-bn. B k`sb dmw taml≥ ]pXn-sbmcp

aXhn`m-K-ambn IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√. F√m aX-

hn-`m-K-°mcpw HØp-tN-cp∂ Hcp ÿm]-\-am-bn-

´mWv AXns\ hn`m-h\w sNbvX-Xv. {_“-k-`-

bpsS ]n¬°me cq]-amb "{_“-k-amPw'

AXns‚ Nn¥m-K-Xn-bnepw I¿Ω-]-cn-]m-Sn-bnepw

dmw tamls‚ Ime-Sn-I-sf-b√ ]n¥p-S¿∂v t]m∂-

Xv. dmw taml≥ C¥y hn´-Xn\v tijw {_“-k-

` -bpsS Npa -Xe hln-®n -cp -∂-h¿ AXns\

"{_lvk-amPw' F∂v hnfn-®v-t]m-∂p.

hnZym-̀ ymk taJ-e-bn¬ dmw taml≥ ]e \ho-

I-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. 1822˛¬ Hcp

Bwt•m C¥y≥ kvIqƒ ÿm]n-®-XvXs∂ `mc-

Xo-b-cpsS k¿h-tXmap-J-amb A`n-hr-≤n-°p-th-≠n-

bm-Wv. ]m›m-Xy-amXr-I-bn-ep≈ tImf-Pp-Iƒ

ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw kwkvIrX hnZym-]-T-\-

tI-{μ-ßƒ ]pXp-Xmbn Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSv

At±lw XnI®pw FXn-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu \ne-]mSv

At±lw kzoI-cn-®Xv B[p-\nI hn⁄m-\-tØm-

Sp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ Xo{h-amb A`n-\n-thiw

sIm≠m-Wv. adn®v kwkvIr-X-tØm-Sp≈ FXn¿∏v

sIm≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬, \n¿`m-Ky-sa∂v ]d-

bs´ At±lw hn`m-h\wsNbvX hnZym-`ymk

k{º-Zmbw {]mtbm-KnIXe-Øn¬ h∂v ImWm≥

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Øn\v tijw am{X-amWv Cw•ojv hnZym-`ym-k-

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sa°msf {]`p -hns‚ \n¿t±im -\p -k-cWw

]m m°n FSp-Ø-Xv.

kmaq-ly-cw-KØv dmw taml≥ ssIh-cn®

G‰hpw henb t\´w kXn-k-{º-Zmbw \n¿Ø¬

sNø-em-Wv. `bm-\-Ihpw _o`-’-hp-amb Cu

k{º-Zmbw `mc-Xob kmwkvIm-cnI ss]Xr-I-

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∂n-cp-∂p. ktΩm-l-\-amb kv{XoXz-Øns‚ Hc-h-

tl-f\w IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p AXv. eLp-te-J-Iƒ

aptJ-\bpw s]mXp-P-\m-`n-{]mbw krjvSn®pw Cu

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Xs∂ \S-Øn. kvarXn{KŸ-ß-fnepw a‰pw hn[h

kXn A\p-jvTn-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂n-√. kwip-

≤hpw [m¿Ωn-I-hp-amb Hcp Pohn-X-Ncy ]n¥p-S-

cWw F∂v am{Xta A\p-im-kn-°p-∂p-≈q.

dmwtamls‚ ]cn-{i-a-^-e-ambn 1829˛¬ hneyw

s_≥{SnIv {]`p kXn \nbahncp-≤-ambn {]Jym-

]n-®p. an{i-hn-hm-lw, hn[hm ]p\¿hn-hmlw

F∂n-hsb t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw PmXn-hy-h-

ÿbv°v FXn-cmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

lnμp-a-X-Ønse ]e BNm-c-ß-tfmSpw k{º-

Zm-b-ß-tfmSpw dmw taml\v tbmPn®v-t]m-Im≥ Ign-

™n-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw At±lw Ah-km\w hsc

Hcp lnμp-hmbnØs∂ \nesIm≠p.

F√m aX-ß-fn-sebpw A\p-I-c-Wobamb hi-

ßsf Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-sIm≠v Hcp ]pXnb aXw

ÿm]n-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v Xm¬]cyw D≠m-bn-

cp-∂n√. F√m aX-ßƒ°pw s]mXp-hmb Bflo-

bhpw [m¿Ωn-I-hp-amb Hcp hiw Ds≠∂v

ka¿∞n-°m≥ am{X-amWv At±lw {ian-®v-t]m-

∂-Xv. "km¿Δ-eu-In-I-a-Xw' F∂ Xs‚ sNdp-{K-

Ÿ-Øn¬ C°mcyw hfsc hy‡-ambn ]d-

bp∂p≠v. ssZh-Xz-Øns‚ GI-Xbpw a\p-jy-Xz-

Øns‚ ktlm-Z-c-`m-hhpw BWv At±-lsØ

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw ]c-a-{]-[m-\w. dmw taml≥

dmbv alm-\mb Hcp cmPy-X-{¥-⁄\pw a\p-jy-

kvt\-lnbpw Bbn-cp-∂p. `mc-X-Øns‚ am{X-a√,

a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ tamN-\-Øn\pw

th≠n At±lw \ne-sIm-≠p. hnhn[ aX-ß-fnepw

h¿§-ß-fnepws]´ a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ IqSp-X¬

[mcW hf¿Øm≥ DX-Ip∂ BZ¿i-ßƒ°p-th-

≠n-bmWv At±lw \ne-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xv.

1830 \hw-_¿ 15-̨ mw XobXn At±lw Cw•≠n-

te°v ]pd-s∏-´p. Cw•-≠n¬ Xnc-°n´ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-

fm-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. {]ikvX hy‡n-Isf

kμ¿in-°p-Ibpw Ah-cp-ambn cmjv{So-b -N¿®-Iƒ

\S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. apKƒ N{I-h¿Øn "cmPm'

F∂ _lp-aXn \¬In BZ-cn-®p. {^m≥knse

_p≤n-Po-hn-Iƒ°n-S-bnepw At±-l-Øn‚ \maw

kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1833 sk]vXw-_¿ 27-˛mw

XnøXn {_nÃ-fn¬ t]mbn hn{i-an-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-

bn¬ At±lw \ncym-X-\m-bn.

C¥y≥ \thm-∞m\ {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]nXm-

hmbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ cmPmdmw taml≥ dmbv

C¥y≥ Ncn-{X-Øm-fp-I-fn¬ F∂pw Xnf-ßp∂

Hcp \£-{X-am-bn-cn-°pw.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


4 94 94 94 94 9

A`n-PnØv sI.-Fw.bm{Xm-hn-h-cWw

kv-Iu-́ n-s‚ 100-̨ mw hm-¿-jn-I-tØm-

S-\p-_-‘n-®v `m-c-Xv kv-Iu-Sv-kv &

ssK-Uv-kn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-¬ \-S-∂

kv-s]jy-¬ sk-‚n-\-dn \m-j-W-¬

Pmw-_q-cn 2007 P-\p-h-cn 2 ap-X-¬ 7

h-sc ]-›n-a _w-Km-fn-se sIm-¬-°-

Ø-bn-¬sh-®v \-S-∂p. tI-c-f kw-

ÿm-\-sØ {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®v

tIm-gn-t°m-Sv Pn-√-bn¬\n-∂v

Rm-\pw (F-s‚ kv-Iq-fn-¬\n-∂v

F-\n-°vam-{X-am-Wv C-Xn-\p-≈

`m-Kyw e-̀ n-®-Xv) a-‰v 5 kv-Iu-́ p-

I-fpw 6 ssK-Up-I-fpw F-s‚

kv-Iu-´v am-Ã-dpw Pn-√m Hm-¿-

ss\-knw-Kv I-Ωo-j-W-dp-am-b i-

io-{μ-≥ am-Ã-dpw a-‰v A-Zym-]-

I-cp-am-bn Un-kw-_-¿ 28-̨ mw Xo-

b-Xn ssh-Ip-t∂-cw 4.30 \v tIm-

gn-t°m-Sv\n-∂v sN-ss∂ sa-bn-en-

em-Wv bm-{X-bm-b-Xv. sIm-¬-°-Øbv-

°v t\-cn-´v s{S-bn-≥ C-√m-Ø-Xn-\m-

¬ ]m-e-°m-Sv C-d-tß-≠n-h-∂p. h-f-

sc \-√ X-øm-sd-Sp-∏p-I-ƒ R-ß-ƒ

bm-{Xbv°v th-≠n-bpw ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-ƒ-

°v th-≠n-bpw F-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. ]m-{X-

ß-ƒ, I-ºp-Iƒ, ̀ -£-W-km-[-\-ß-

ƒ F-∂n-h A-S-°-ap-≈ e-tK-Pp-I-

ƒ R-ß-fp-sS ssI-h-iw D-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. ]m-e-°m-t -́°p-≈ bm-{X-bn-¬

Xm-a-c-t»-cn-bn-¬\n-∂p-≈ kv-Iu-́ v &

ssK-Uv-kn-t\-bpw ]-cn-N-b-s∏-́ p. ]m-

e-°m-Sv\n-∂v cm-{Xn `-£-W-Øn-\v

ti-jw I-W-Iv-j-≥ h-≠n-bn-¬ bm-

{X-Xn-cn-®p. dn-k-¿-th-j-≥ In-́ mXncp-

∂Xn\m-¬ B-Zy-cm-{Xn X-d-bn-¬ In-

S-∂pw a-‰pw I-gn-®p-Iq-́ n. F-∂m-¬, kv-

Iu-́ n-ßn-se A-\p-̀ -hw R-ß-ƒ-°v

H-cp _p-≤n-ap-́ pw tXm-∂n-®n-√. Xp-S-¿-

bm-{X c-k-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-e Im-gv-

N-I-ƒ I-≠pw ]-e X-c-Øn-ep-≈ B-

fp-I-ƒ I-b-dn-bpw C-d-ßn-bpw t]m-

bv-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. 30-˛mw Xo-b-Xn D-

®-tbm-sS sIm-¬-°-Øbnse N-cn-{X-

{]m-[m-\y-ap-≈ lu-d tÃ-j-\n-¬ R-

ß-ƒ F-Øn-t®-¿-∂p. "lu-d tÃ-j-

≥' A-Xv Im-tW-≠ H-cp A-¤p-X-

am-bn-cp-∂p. G-I-tZ-iw 20˛¬ Iq-Sp-

X-¬ πm-‰v-t^m-ap-≈ H-cp h-en-b tÃ-

j-\m-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. R-ß-sf kzo-

I-cn-°m-≥ Pmw-_q-cn ssk-‰n-ep-≈-h-

cpw Iq-Sm-sX a-e-bm-fn-I-fpw F-Øn-

bn-cp-∂p.

A-∂v cm-{Xn sIm-¬-°-Ø-bn-¬

Xm-a-kn-®p. ]n-t‰ Zn-h-kw R-ß-ƒ

A-hn-Sp-sØ a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-sS k-lm-

b-Øm-¬ Im-gv-N-I-ƒ Im-Wm-\n-d-ßn.

A-t∏m-gm-Wv tdm-Un-¬Iq-Sn s{S-bn-≥

t]m-hp-∂-Xv I-≠-Xv. A-Xv s{S-bn-≥

A-s√-∂pw "{Smw' F-∂m-Wv ]-d-bp-

I F-∂pw a-\- n-em-bn. A-Xn-¬ R-

ß-ƒ Ip-d-®v-Zq-cw I-b-dn k-©-cn-®p.

]n-∂o-Sv A-hn-sS\n-∂v H-cp _-kv A-

td-©vsN-bv-Xv A-Xn-¬ sIm-¬-°-

Øm \-K-cw Np-‰n-°-d-ßn. sIm-¬-°-

Ø-bp-sS lr-Z-b-`m-K-Øm-bn A-Xn-

hn-im-e-am-b H-cp ssa-Xm-\-Øn-¬ F-

Øn. tam-l-≥ _-Km-s‚-bpw Cu-Ãv

_w-Km-fn-s‚-bpw {Ku-≠p-I-ƒ k-μ-

¿-in-®p. A-I-se ta-L-ß-ƒ-°n-S-bn-

¬ B-Im-iw ap-´p-am-dv D-b-c-Øn-¬

[m-cm-fw sI-́ n-S-ß-ƒ Im-Wm-≥ I-gn-

™p. F-∂m-¬, C-sX-√mw ap-

≥-Im-e-ß-fn-¬ D-≠m-°n-b-Xm-

sW-∂v H-‰ t\m-´-Øn-¬ X-

s∂ a-\- n-em-bn. C-Xn-sem-

∂m-bn-cp-∂p C-¥y-bn-se G-

‰-hpw h-en-b I-º-\n-I-fn-sem-

∂m-b "Sm-‰m' I-º-\n. "sIm-

´m-c-ß-fp-sS \m-Sv' F-∂v ]-d-

bp-∂-Xv hm-kv-X-h-am-sW-∂v

R-ß-ƒ-°v t\-cn-´v I-≠v a-\-

n-em-bn. C-Xn-sem-∂m-b "hn-

Iv-tSm-dn-b ]m-e-kv'te-°m-bn-

cp-∂p ]n-∂o-Sv R-ß-ƒ t]m-b-Xv. A-

Xn-kp-μ-c-am-b sh-Æ-°-√p-sIm-Øn-

an-\p-°n-b H-cp sIm-´m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p

A-Xv. kq-cy-In-c-W-ß-ƒ X-ń sIm-

´m-cw H-cp ssh-c-°-√p-t]m-se a-t\m-

l-c-am-bn tim-̀ n-®p. sIm-́ m-c-Øn-s‚

D-≈n-¬ I-b-dn-b-t∏m-ƒ R-ß-fp-sS

I-Æp-I-ƒ-°v hn-iz-kn-°m-\m-bn-√. hn-

Iv-tSm-dn-b cm-P-Ip-am-cn-bp-sS H-cp h-

en-b {]-Xn-a. sh-Æ-°-√p-sIm-≠v \n-

¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p. sIm-́ m-c-Øn-s‚ ap-

I-ƒ\n-e-bn-¬ \n-∂v t\m-°n-bm-¬ a-

t\m-l-c-am-b ]-®∏p-¬X-In-Spw D-Zym-

\-hpw A-hn-sS ]mdn-∏-d-°p∂ ]d-h-

I-sfbpw I≠p. XpS¿∂v k-am-[m-

\-Øn-s‚ A-Ω-bm-b a-Z-¿ sX-tc-k-

bp-sS `-h-\-hpw {]-i-kv-X-am-b πm-

\t‰m-dn-b-hpw a-‰p ]-e ÿ-e-ß-fpw

I-≠p. F-∂m-¬, F-√m k-t¥m-j-

Rm≥I≠

Pmw_qcn

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 05 05 05 05 0

ß-fpw H-scm-‰ \n-an-j-Øn-¬ am-™p-t]m-Ip∂ I-c-f-en-

bn-∏n-°p-∂ Im-gv-N-bm-bn-cp-∂p dn-£mh-≠n h-en-®v \o-

ßp-∂ B-fp-I-sf I-≠-Xv. C-¥ym a-lm-cm-PyØv a-s‰-

hn-sS-bpw Im-Wm-Ø Im-gv-N-bm-Wv C-Xv F-∂v R-ß-ƒ-

°v a-\- n-em-bn. hn-π-h-Øn-s‚ \m-́ n-¬ X-s∂-bp-≈ Cu

Im-gv-N sIm-¬-°-Ø-bv-°v (]-›n-a _w-Km-fn-¬) H-cp A-

]-am-\wX-s∂-bm-Wv. A-Xp-t]m-se hr-Øn-lo-\-am-bn-cp-

∂p. sX-cp-hp-I-fpw a-‰pw. D-ƒ-\m-Sp-I-fn-¬ P-\-ß-fp-sS

Po-hn-X-co-Xn h-f-sc I-jv-]-∏m-Sv \n-d-™-Xm-Wv. Ip-Sn-

sh-≈wt]m-epw In-́ m-Ø A-h-ÿ-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]-e-¿-°pw,

]-e-cpw R-ß-tfm-Sv k-¶-S-ß-ƒ ]-d-™p. sN-fn-sh-≈w

sI-ń-\n-¬-°p-∂ ÿ-e-ß-fn-em-Wv Ip-fn-°p-∂-Xv C-Xv

R-ß-ƒ t\-cn-́ v I-≠-Xm-Wv.

ti-jw R-ß-ƒ Pmw-_q-cn sk-‰n-te-°v bm-{X Xn-cn-

®p. a-Wn-°q-dp-I-fp-sS bm-{X-bv-°v ti-jw \yq-Su-̈ -jn-

∏v sIm-¬-°-Ø (c-P-¿-l-́ v) F-∂ ÿ-e-Øv F-Øn-t®-

¿-∂p. h-f-sc hn-im-e-am-b ÿ-e-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. ]p-

Xn-b Su-¨-jn-∏n-\v th-≠n hn-im-e-am-°n-sh-® ÿ-e-

Øm-Wv Pmw-_q-cn \-S-°p-∂-Xv. sIm-¬-°-Ø-bp-sS Xn-

c-°n-¬\n-∂v am-dn hn-P-\-am-b H-cp A-hn-I-kn-X {]-tZ-

i-am-bn-cp-∂p C-Xv. A-XnI-Tn-\-am-b X-Wp-∏m-bn-cp-∂p

Cu k-a-bw A-hn-sS. skz-‰-hpw a-‰pw sIm-≠v ]-c-am-h-

[n X-Wp-∏n-s\ A-I-‰m-≥ {i-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. F-∂m-

¬, X-Wp-∏v ]-c-am-h-[n R-ß-sf B-™v-]n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠n-

cp-∂p. Xp-S-¿-∂v tI-c-f-Øn-\v A-\p-h-Zn-® ÿ-e-Øv a-‰v

Pn-√-I-fn-¬\n-∂p-≈-h-cpw R-ß-fpw sS-‚Sn-®p. Xp-S-¿-∂v

-̀£-Ww ]m-IwsN-ø-epw a-‰p-am-bn Iymºv Po-hn-X-Øn-

te-°v I-S-∂p. ]n-t‰ Zn-h-kw Pmw-_q-cn B-cw-̀ n-®p. kw-

ÿm-\-ß-sf Iq-Sm-sX Cw-•-≠v, _-¿-Ω, _w-•m-tZ-iv,

`q-́ m-≥ Xp-S-ßn-b ]-e cm-Py-ß-fn-¬\n-∂p-ap-≈-h-cpw D-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]›n-a-_w-Kmƒ Kh¿Æ-dm-bn-cp∂p DZvLm-

S\w \n¿Δln-®-Xv. R-ß-ƒ H-cn-°-epw a-d-°m-Ø H-cp

Zn-h-kw Iq-Sn h-∂p. \yq C-b-¿ A-Sn-s]m-fn-bm-bn \-S-

Øn. F-∂pw Hm-¿-Ω-bn-¬ kq-£n-°m-≥ I-gn-bp-∂ H-

cpZnh-kambn-cp-∂p A-Xv.

]-›n-a-_w-Km-ƒ K-h-¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂p D-Zv-Lm-S-\w \n-

¿-h-ln-®-Xv. bq-\n-t^m-an-ep-≈ B H-Øp-tN-c-¬ A-Xn-i-

b-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ap-∏-Xn-\m-bn-c-tØm-fw h-cp-∂ kv-Iu-

´p-I-fpw ssK-Up-I-fpw Xn-ßn-\n-d-™ Xm-¬-°m-en-I-am-b

Km-e-dn Xn-f-ßn-\n∂p. Xp-S-¿-∂v A-Uv-h-©-¿ B-Iv-‰n-hn-‰n-

I-ƒ XpSßn. A-Uv-h-©-¿ B-Iv-Sn-hn-‰n Iq-Sm-sX C-‚n-

t{K-j-≥, Um-≥-kv, am-¿-®n-ßv, s]-P-‚ v tjm, ^p-Uv-πm-

k, kv-In-¬ ̨ H ̨ c-a Un-kv-tπ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bn-epw k-Po-

h-am-bn ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. a-’-c C-\-ß-fn-se-√mw A-Xn-i-bn-

∏n-°p-∂ {]-I-S-\-am-Wv ]-e kw-ÿm-\-ßfpw Ah-Xcn -

∏n-®-Xv. Hm-tcm kw-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚-bpw tK-‰v th-bpw H-cp

t{]m-P-Iv-Spw D-≠m-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. \-Ω-ƒ D-≠m-°n-b

t{]m-P-Iv-Sv 'lu-d' {_n-Uv-Pv B-bn-cp-∂p. \-√ t{K-Uv hm-

ßm-≥ \-ap-°v km-[n-®p. "]m-cm-sk-bn-enßv' (]-c-jq-́ v D-]-

tbm-Kn-®v hm-bp-hn-eq-sS ]-d-°-¬) sN-øm-\p-≈ ̀ m-Kyw R-

ß-ƒ-°p-≠m-bn-√. A-Xv h-en-sbm-cp hn-j-a-am-bn- am-dn.

Cu k-a-b-sØ-√mw X-Wp-∏v R-ß-sf I-b-dn∏n-Sn-

®-Xn-\m-¬ R-ß-fn-¬ ]-e-cpw Iym-ºv ssk-‰n-se B-kv-

]-{Xn I-≠v a-S-tß-≠-Xm-bn-h-∂p. F-∂m-epw R-ß-ƒ

]n-t∂m-́ v t]m-bn-√. (]-d-™v tI-́ -X-√m-sX t\-cn-́ -t∏m-

gm-Wv X-Wp-∏n-s‚ Im-Tn-\yw a-\- n-em-b-Xv.)

s]-P-‚ v tjm-bn-¬ tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ X-\-Xm-b I-e-I-

fm-b I-Y-I-fn, sX-øw, tam-ln-\n-bm-́ w, ]-S-b-Wn, am-¿-§w-

I-fn, Z-̂ v-ap-́ v F-∂n-h-sb-√mw A-Wn-\n-c-∂n-cp-∂p. sX-øw

I-≠-t∏m-ƒ a-‰v kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-¿-°v A-¤p-X-hpw

{]nb-ap-≈-Xp-am-bn-amdn. A-Xn-\v t\-Xr-Xzw \-¬-In-b I-

Æq-¿ Pn-√-bn-¬ \n-∂p-≈-h-¿-°v \-√ {]-iw-k-bpw e-̀ n-

®p. ]-e kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-¬\n-∂pw cm-a-\pw ko-X-bpw A-

S-ßn-b h-≥ B-tLm-j-kw-L-ß-ƒ h-¿-Æ-a-t\m-l-c-am-

bn-cp-∂p. R-ß-fp-sS {]-h-¿-Ø-\-ß-ƒ Hm- p-≈-Xm-°m-

≥ Iym-ºn-¬ F-√m-bv-t]m-gpw Pmw-_q-cn tkm-ßv tI-ƒ-

]n-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. B h-cn-I-ƒ Hm-¿-Ω-bn-¬\n-∂v am-

bp-∂n-√.

"Pmw-_q-cn, Pmw-_q-cn, Pmw-_q-cn

sIm-¬-°-Ø Pmw-_q-cn

D-¬-s° Zq-¿ ̨ Zq-¿ ̨ tZ-°v

ta-cm k-_v-P-kv-°n Pn P-°v-lm-≥''

F-∂n-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Iym-ºn\n-S-bn-se R-ß-fp-sS tlm-_n a-‰p cm-Py-

°m-sc-bpw a-‰v kw-ÿm-\-Øp-\n-∂v h-∂-h-sc-bpw ]-cn-

N-b-s∏-S-epw A-h-cp-sS ̀ m-j-bpw kw-kv-Im-c-hpw th-j-

hn-[m-\-ß-fpw a-‰v A-dn-bp-I-bpw sN-øp-I F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-

∂p. C-Xv R-ß-fp-sS ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-¬ ]-d-™ H-cp sF-‰-

hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-Uv-h-©-¿ B-Iv-‰n-hn-‰n-I-ƒ F-√mw R-

ß-ƒ hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn ]q-¿-Øn-bm-°n-b-Xn-\m-¬ R-ß-

ƒ-°v A-hm-¿-Up-I-fpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 6 Zn-h-k-sØ Iym-

ºn-\v ti-jw R-ß-ƒ sIm-¬-°-Øbv°v X-s∂ a-S-ßn.

F-∂m-¬ P-\p-h-cn 7˛\v \-μn-{Kmw {]-iv-\w s]m-ń-∏p-d-

s∏-Sp-I-bpw H-cm-ƒ a-cn-°m-≥ C-S-bm-hp-I-bpw sN-bv-X-

Xn-\m-¬ A-∂v l-¿-Øm-¬ B-bn-cp-∂p. F-¶n-epw R-

ß-ƒ H-cp h-≠n hn-fn-®v ssh-Io-́ v sd-bn-¬-th tÃ-j-\n-

¬ F-Øn-t®-¿-∂p.

Cu Imºnßv Rßƒ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw a\- n¬

h¿Æ-∏-´p-SpØ Hm¿Ω-I-fmbn Po-hn-°p-∂p. Xp-S-¿-∂v

A-∂v cm-{Xn sIm-¬-°-Ø-tbm-Sv hn-S-]-d-™p. Cu k-a-

b-Øpw lq-•n \-Zn H-∂pw A-dn-bm-sX H-gp-Ip-∂p-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 15 15 15 15 1

Ac-hnμv sI.-]n.bm{Xm-hn-h-cWw

hyh-kmb\K-c-Øn-te-s°mcp bm{X

h-f-sc A-{]-Xo-£n-X-am-bm-Wv

Rm-≥ Cu bm-{X ]p-d-s∏-́ -Xv. bm-

{X sN-bv-X-Xn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p A-

{]-Xo-£n-X-Xzw. Rm-≥ bm-{XsN-

bv-X-Xv Ip-t_-c-s‚ ]p-jv-]-Ihn-

am\Øn-s\-t∏m-se-bp-≈ ]-d-°p-

∂ a-s‰m-cp hm-l-\-Øn-¬. a-s‰m-

cp F-∂v ]-d-™m-¬ A-Xn-s‚ t]-

cv a-e-bm-f-Øn-¬ "hn-am-\w'. C-Xv

F-s‚ B-Zy-sØ ]-d-°p∂ bm-

{Xm-\p-̀ -h-am-bn-cp-∂p. B A-h-ÿ-

bp-am-bn s]-s´∂vX-s∂ Rm-≥

s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-´p. cm-am-b-W-Øn-¬

B bm-{Xm-\p-̀ -hw hn-h-cn-®-Xn-se

Hu-Nn-Xyw Rm-\-t∏m-gm-Wv Xn-cn-

®-dn-bp-∂-Xv. A-°m-e-Øv Po-hn-®-

h-¿ Nn-e-t∏m-ƒ C-sX-√mw ap-≥-Iq-

ń I-≠n-cn-°mw. Rm-≥ F-s∂Ø-

s∂ B Nn-¥-bn-¬ \n-∂v _-e-

am-bn th-¿s]Sp-Øn. ]p-d-Øv \-S-

°p-∂ Im-gv-N-I-ƒ B-kz-Zn-°m-≥

Xp-S-ßn. ]-™n-°-´-I-ƒ t]m-se-

bp-≈ ta-L-ß-ƒ X-ß-fp-sS i-

co-cw H-cp X-ń-¬ D-c-kn-s°m-≠v

t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se tXm-∂n. \-

K-c-ß-fn-se Iq-Sm-c-ß-ƒ a-g-s]-bv-

Xp-≠m-Ip-∂ Ip-™p- a -̈Iq-\-I-

ƒ t]m-se C-S-hn-´v CS-hn-´v Im-

Wm-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-S hn-´m-sW-¶n-

epw hn-kv-Xm-c-Øn-¬, a-\p-jy-s‚

kr-jv-Sn-I-fm-W-h! Ah≥ X-s‚

sIm-®p -I-c-ß-ƒ sIm-≠v F-√vap-

dn-sb ]-Wn-sb-Sp-Øp-≠m-°n-b-h.

F-¥n-t\-bpw Io-gv-s]-Sp-Ømw F-

∂p-≈ D-d-® hn-izm-kw A-Xm-W-

h-s\ F-∂pw ap-t∂m´v \-bn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZ-hw ]-£n-

I-ƒ-°v sIm-Sp-Ø I-gn-hm-Wv A-

\-¥-am-b \o-em-Im-i-Øn-¬ ]-d-

°p-I F-∂-Xv. B I-gn-hpw a-\p-

jy-≥ kzm-b-Ø-am-°n. H-cp a-\p-

jy-\m-b-Xn-¬ B \n-an-jw Rm-

≥ A-`n-am-\wsIm-≠p. sa-s√

F∂m¬, sa-s√ _-em¬Im-c-am-

bn D-d-°-sa-s∂ Io-gv-s]Sp-Øn.

]q-s\-sb-∂ ÿ-e-Øm-Wv R-

ß-ƒ-°v F-Øn-t®-tc-≠n-bn-cp-∂-

Xv. A-hn-sS-sb-Øm-≥ t_mw-s_

F-b-¿-t]m-¿-ń-¬\n-∂v ]n-s∂-bpw

300 In. ao. k-©-cn-t°-≠nbn-cn-

°p-∂p. h-ln-®p-sIm-≠v Im-¿ \o-

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 25 25 25 25 2

ßn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. R-ß-sf h-ln-®p-sIm-≠v Im-¿

\o-ßn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. c-≠v ̀ m-K-Øpw Im-Wm-≥ Im-

gv-N-I-tf-sd. c-≠v `m-K-Øpw ]-Sp-Iq-‰-≥ Ip-∂p-I-ƒ,

A-Xn-\n-S-bn-eq-sS Ip-kr-Xn-tbm-sS R-ß-fp-sS Iq-

sS Hm-Sp-∂ kq-cy-≥, R-ß-sf tXm-¬-]n-®v No-dn∏m-

bp-∂ a-‰p Im-dp-I-ƒ. C-S-bv-°n-S-bv-°v bm-{X Rm-

\m-kz-Zn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºm-ƒ B H-gp-°n\v X-S-

anSms\∂hÆw Nn-e Xp-c-¶-ß-ƒ. C-ß-s\-sb-

√mw bm-{X ap-≥-t]m´v \o-ßn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. A-

t∏m-gm-Wv Rm-s\m-cp Im-cyw {i-≤n-®-Xv. P-\-kw-

Jy h-¿-≤n-®ph-cp-∂ Cu cm-Py-Øv s]m-∂v hn-f-bp-

∂-Xpt]m-ep-≈ ̀ q-an-bn-¬ Xm-a-kn-°m-\m-fn-√-tbm?

Cu B-tem-N-\ I-gn-™v, \n-an-j-ß-ƒ I-gn-™n-√.

F-s‚ {i-≤ B Ip-∂n-¬ sN-cp-hp-I-fn-¬ ]-Xn-™p.

]-®-∏p-√p-t]m-se tXm-∂n-b B ]-®-∏n-¬ a-√n-bn-

e-bp-sS-bpw ti-∏p-hn-s‚-bpw am-Z-I-am-b kp-K-‘w

Iq-Sn H-fn-™n-cn-∏p-≠v F-∂-dn-™-t∏m-ƒ F-\n-°v

A-¤p-Xw tXm-∂n. A-Xn-te-sd k-t¥m-j-hpw, a-

\p-jy-≥ X\n°v Xma-k-tbm-Ky-amb H-cp X-cn-a-Æv-

t]m-epw H-gn-®n-Sp-∂n-√-t√m F-t∂m-¿-Øv. Cu I-¿-

j-I-¿ hn-f-bv-°p-∂ s]m-∂v, _p-≤n-am-≥-am-cm-b I-

®-h-S-°m-¿ Xp-— hn-e-bv-°m-W-t{X hm-ßp-∂-Xv!

tem-Im-Wv-Uv hm-e F-Øm-\m-bn Im-em-h-ÿ-

bv-°v am-‰w h-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Rm-≥ Du-cn-bn-

´ j-¿-s´-Sp-Øn-´p. B Im-‰n-\v H-cp Xm-fwt]m-se,

B Xm-f-Øn-¬ Rm-≥ e-bn-®p sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. B e-b-\w F-t¥m F-s‚ a-\- v C-jv-S-s∏-Sp-

∂n-√. F-∂m-¬, ssIbq°p-≈-h-\m-W-t√m Im-cy-

°m-c-≥. D-d-°w F-s∂ A-Xn-s‚ Nn-e-¥nh-e-bn-

te-°v h-en-®n-g-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-bn. Rm-≥ B Nn-e-

¥nh-e-bn-¬ \n-∂q-¿-∂v ho-gp-tºm-ƒ F-s‚ C-f-b-

Ω-bp-sS ho-ń-em-Wv. ]n-∂o-Sv aq-∂v Zn-h-kw a-s‰m-

∂p-a-dn-bm-sX I-fn-®v-Nn-cn-®v k-a-bw sN-e-h-gn-®p.

\m-emw Zn-h-kw R-ß-ƒ ar-K-im-e k-μ-¿-in-®p.

F-∂m-¬, A-Xv F-\n-°v k-t¥m-j-tØ-°m-fp-]-cn

k-¶-S-am-Wv X-∂-Xv. H-∂p ssI-Im-¬ \n-h-¿-Øm-

\m-hm-sX ]-cn-{`-an-°p-∂ ar-K-ß-ƒ, A-h-¿ B A-

gn-I-fn-eq-sS \n- -lm-b ̀ m-h-Øn-¬ ]p-d-tØ-°v t\m-

°p-∂p. ar-K-cm-P-s‚ ÿn-Xn-bpw hy-Xy-kv-X-a-√. X-

s‚ Kmw-ò-cy-sØ ssI-sh-Sn-™v A-t±-lw im-¥-

\m-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. ar-K-im-e-bn-¬\n-∂v Xn-cn-®v

t]mhp-tºm-ƒ F-s∂-boHm-¿-Ω-I-ƒ h-√m-sX A-

e-ń-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. ]n-∂o-Sv Rm-≥ t]m-b-Xv ]q-s\

cm-P-hw-i-Øn-s‚ A-h-in-jv-S-ß-fm-b H-cp tIm-´-

bn-te-°m-Wv. A-Xpw I-gn-™v R-ß-ƒ a-S-°-bm-

{Xbv°v H-cp-°-am-bn. F-∂m-¬, h-∂ t]m-se-bm-

bn-cp-∂n-√. a-S-°-bm-{X. a-‰p ÿ-e-ß-ƒIq-Sn I-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p B bm-{X. ']q-s\ H-cp hy-h-km-bn-I Iq-

ºm-cw' F-∂ ssi-en-bp-sS Hu-Nn-Xy-a-t∏m-gm-Wv a-

\- n-em-b-Xv. h-en-b h-en-b hy-mh-km-b im-e-I-

ƒ. A-Xn-\n-Sbn-eq-sS I-fn-h-≠n-I-ƒ t]m-se ]m-

bp-∂ tem-dn-I-ƒ, A-Xn-¬ \n-d-sb \m-fn-tI-cw Nn-

c-hn-b-Xp-t]m-se C-cp-ºv Iq-ºm-c-ß-ƒ. kq-cy-{]-Im-

iw A-h-bn-¬ X-ń Nn-∂n-®n-X-dp-∂-Xv I-≠-t∏m-ƒ

H-cp P-em-i-bw Im-Wp-∂ {]-Xo-Xn-bp-≠m-bn. A-

XpI-gn-™v R-ß-ƒ F-b-¿-t]m-¿-ń-te-°v Xn-cn-®p

bm-{XsN-bv-Xp. F-∂m-¬, h-cp-tºm-ƒ Rm-≥ bm-

{XsNbvXv A-{X Pm-K-cq-I-am-bn-´-√m-bn-cp-∂p. H-cp

A-‘-s\t∏m-se Rm-≥ I-Æpw ]q-ń Im-‰n-s‚ ar-

Zp-e-am-b kw-Ko-Xw B-kz-Zn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]p-d-

sØ Im-gv-N-I-sft∏m-se B Im-‰pw F-s¥-√m-tam

]-d-bp-∂-Xm-bn tXm-∂n!

PARKAR AGENCYESTED : 1912ESTED : 1912ESTED : 1912ESTED : 1912ESTED : 1912

TRAVEL AGENTS(Recognised by Govt. of India Ministry of Labour) Regd. No. 001582 Bom/Part/1000+3/3022/91MANAMA BLDG., IST FLOOR, OPP. K.S.R.T.C BUS STAND, MAVOOR ROAD, CALICUT - 673001

TEL : 0495 2723157, 2723827, FAX: 0495 2723827. H.O. MUMBAI H.O. MUMBAI H.O. MUMBAI H.O. MUMBAI H.O. MUMBAI

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 35 35 35 35 3

bm{Xm-hn-h-cWw

F-\n-°v h-f-sc k-t¥m-jw tXm-

∂n. R-ß-ƒ ssa-kq-cn-te-°v H-

cp bm-{X t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv. Hm-W-

tØm-S-\p-_-‘n-®v A-—-\v H-∂n-

®v aq-∂v Zn-h-kw A-h-[n e-`n-®-

t∏m-gm-Wv Cu Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-Ø-

Xv. R-ß-ƒ Im-dn-¬ I-b-dn ]p-d-

s∏-´p. X-Wp-Ø a-e-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-

bn-cp-∂p bm-{X. bm-{X sN-øp-tºm-

ƒ X-Wp-Ø Im-‰v ho-ip-∂p. ssa-

kq-¿ F-Øn-b D-S-s\ R-ß-ƒ-°m-

h-iy-am-b-Xv H-cp tem-Uv-Pm-Wv. H-

cp tem-Uv-Pv In-́ n-bn-t´ ]n-s∂ th-

sd ]-Wn-bp-≈q. A-Sp-Ø Zn-h-k-

am-Wv R-ß-¬ k-μ-¿-i-\-Øn-\v

ssakq-cn-te°vHcp bm{X

t]m-b-Xv. ssa-kq-cn-se h-f-sc {]-

[m-\-s∏-́ H-∂m-Wv Sn-∏p-kp-¬-Øm-

s‚ tIm-́ . A-Xv I-≠p-]n-Sn-°m-≥

th-≠n A-—-\v ]-e-tcm-Spw ]-e tNm-

Zy-ß-fpw tNm-Zn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. A-

hn-sS-sb-Øn-b-t∏m-ƒ Rm-≥ A-

¤p-X-s∏-́ p-t]m-bn. F-{X h-en-b

sI-́ n-Sw. F-\n-°m-Zy-am-bn-́ m-Wv C-

ß-s\sbmc\p -̀hw. Rm-≥ B-Zy-

am-bn-́ m-Wv H-cp tIm-́ -Im-Wp-∂-

Xv. Rm-≥ A-I-Øv I-b-dn t\m-°n.

h-f-sc hn-im-e-am-b H-cp ÿ-ew.

X-d-bn-epw Xq-Wp-I-fn-epw a-Xn-ep-

I-fn-epw h-f-sc `w-Kn-bm-bn sIm-

Øp-]-Wn-I-ƒ sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.

tIm-́ -bn-se Hm-tcm A-d-bpw h-f-

sc hn-im-e-am-b-Xm-Wv. cm-Pm-°-∑m-

cp-sS tIm-́ X-s∂ C-{X B-Uw-_-

c-hpw `w-Kn-bp-≈-Xp-am-sW-¶n-¬ cm-

P-sIm-́ m-cw F-ß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°pw

F-∂ I-W-°vIqém-bn-cp-∂p F-

s‚ a-\- n-¬. tIm-́ -bp-sS ]n-∂n-¬

I-_-dv F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂ [m-cm-fw

ssk-\n-I-cp-sS i-h-Ip-So-c-ß-ƒ D-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Sn-∏p-hn-s‚ tIm-́ I-≠p-sh-¶n-

epw A-hn-sS kp-¬-Øm-≥ D-]-tbm-

Kn-® h-kv-Xp-°-ƒ H-∂pw Im-Wm-

≥ km-[n-®n-√. A-Xn-\pw ssa-kq-

cn-¬ h-gn-sbm-cp-°n-X-∂n-cp-∂p. H-

cp ayq-kn-b-Øn-¬ kp-¬-Øm-≥ D-

]-tbm-Kn-® h-kv-Xp-°-ƒ A-Sp-°n-

sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hm-fp-I-ƒ, In-co-

Sw, h-kv-{X-ß-ƒ Xp-S-ßn hn-hn-[

h-kv-Xp-°-ƒ {]-Z-¿-in-∏n-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. A-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn R-ß-ƒ t]m-

b-Xv H-cp \-Zn I-Wm-\m-Wv. Rm-

≥ B-›-cy-s∏-´p. H-cp \-Zn -I-≠n-

´v F-¥m-Wv In-´p-∂-Xv. sh-dp-sX

k-a-bw I-f-bp-∂p. A-t∏m-gm-Wv F-

\n-°v a-\- n-em-b-Xv, aq-∂v \-Zn-I-

ƒ H-∂n-®vtN-cp-∂ H-cp ÿ-e-am-

Wv C-sX-∂v. A-Xn-s‚ t]-cv kw-

K-aw F-∂m-Wv. aq-∂v \-Zn-I-ƒ kw-

K-an-°p-∂-XvsIm-≠m-bn-cn-°mw

A-Xn-\v kw-K-aw F-∂ t]-cv e-`n-

®-Xv. A-hn-sS F-¥psIm-t≠m a-

S-™p-≠m-°n-b \m-e-©v tXm-Wn-

I-ƒ k-©m-cn-I-ƒ-°v bm-{XsN-øp-

∂-Xn-\m-bn sh-®n-cp-∂p. A-Xn-¬

R-ß-sf-√m-h-cpw bm-{XsN-bv-Xp.

Xn-cn-®v h-cp-tºm-ƒ Rm-≥ H-cp ]-

gw I-≠p. Nn-{X-ß-fn-¬ am-{Xw I-

≠n-́ p-≈, \-£-{X-Øn-s‚ B-Ir-

apl-ΩZv Ceymkv

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 45 45 45 45 4

Xn-bn-ep-≈ H-cp ]-g-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. Rm-≥ B-Zy-

am-bn-´m-Wv B ]-g-bw t\-cn-¬ Im-Wp-∂-Xv. A-Xn-

s‚ hn-e tI-´-t∏m-ƒ kv-Xw-`n-®p-t]m-bn. R-ß-ƒ

A-sXm-∂pw hm-ßn-bn-√. C-\n H-cp ÿ-ew am-{Xw

_m-°n. ar-K-im-e. A-hn-sS I-b-dp-tºm-ƒ \-ap-°v

H-cp I-S-em-kv In-´pw. AsXmcp `q-]-S-am-Wv. ar-K-

im-e-bp-sS `q-]-Sw. A-Xn-¬ t]m-tI-≠ h-gn, Im-

Wp-∂ ar-K-ß-ƒ, ]-£n-I-ƒ F-∂n-h Im-Wm-≥ km-

[n-°p-∂p. Iq-́ n-en-́ h-\yar-K-ß-sf I≠t∏mƒ F-

\n-°v h-f-sc ZpxJw tXm-∂n. H-∂v A-\-ßm-≥ t]m-

epw I-jv-S-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv Ah. ar-K-ß-ƒ Im-ń-¬

th-́ -bm-Sn kzm-X-{¥y-tØm-sS Po-hn-t°-≠ ar-K-ß-

sf C-Ø-cw Iq-Sp-I-fn-¬ A-Sbv-°p-∂-Xv a-\p-jy-¿

ar-K-ß-tfm-Sv Im-́ p-∂ {Iq-c-X-I-fn-¬s]-́ -h-bm-Wv F-

∂v A-t∏m-gm-Wv F-\n-°v a-\- n-em-b-Xv.

C-\n Zn-h-k-ß-ƒ _m-°n-bn-√. Xn-cn®v-t]m-tI-

≠ k-a-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]n-s∂ Im-dn-¬ I-b-dn Xn-

cn-sI ho-ń-te-°v....

]c-ky-ß-fpsS temIw]c-ky-ß-fpsS {]m[m\yw h¿≤n-

®p-h-cp∂ Hcp Imam-Wn-Xv. ]c-ky-

ß-fpsS Hcp {]tXy-I-X-sb-s¥-

∂m¬ Ahbv°v KpW hpw AtX-

t]m-seØs∂ tZmj hpw Ds≠-

∂-Xm-Wv. \Ωƒ ]pd-Øn-dßn Np‰p-

]m-Sp-sam∂v ho£n-®m¬ Cu

bmYm¿∞yw \ap°v t_m[y-

amIpw. Bscbpw BI ¿jn-°p∂

Xc-Øn-ep≈ CØcw ]c-ky-ß-

fn¬ C∂ sØ kaq lw hgpXn

hoWp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

D∏v-sXm´v I¿∏qcw hsc-bp≈

\ntXym-]-tbmK km[-\-ßƒ

t]mepw ]c-ky-ßsf BI¿jn-

®mWv \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xv. Hcp

km[\w IS-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xn-\v

-aptº \ap°v AXns‚ KpWhpw

D]-tbm-Khpw hnebpw a\- n-em-

°nØcp-I-bmWv ]c-ky-Øns‚

Hcp {][m\ KpW-h-iw. F∂m¬

AXp-t]mseØs∂ AXns‚

tZmj-h-i-ßƒ \Ωƒ {i≤n-°p-

∂n-√.

]c-ky-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-X-\p-

k-cn®v km[\w hmßn D]-tbm-

Kn®p XpS-ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv AXns‚

tZmjsØ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv. ]c-

ky-ß-fn-eqsS D]-t`m-‡m-°sf

kzm[o-\n-°m-\mWv Ah¿ {ian-°p-

∂-Xv C∂v \mw Pohn-°p∂Xv ]c-

ky-Øns‚ temI-ØnemsW∂v

]d-bp-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw icn. Aß-

s\-bp≈ \Ωƒ ]c-ky-Øns‚

ARvPen APnXv

NXn-°p-gn-bn¬ hogmsX {i≤n-t°-

≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]c-ky-Øn¬

ImWp-∂-sX√mw hmßn-sh-t°-≠-

X-√. F∂mepw hmßp-∂Xv a‰p-

≈-h-tcmSpwIqSn-sbm-∂-t\z-jn-®m-

sW-¶n¬ \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. ]c-ky-

ßsf kq£va-ambn a\- n-em-

°m≥ {ian-°-Ww. Aß-s\-bm-

sW-¶n¬ bmsXmcp _p≤n-ap´pw

IqSmsX PhnXw apt∂m v́- sIm-

≠p -t]mImw. ]c-ky -Øns‚

klmbw \ap-°m-h-iy-ans√∂√

]d-bp-∂Xv. DXv]-∂-ß-sf-°p-dn-

®p≈ hnh-c-ßƒ D]-t`m-‡m-°-

fn -se -Ø-W-sa -¶n¬ ]c-ky -

Øns‚ klmbw AXym-h-iy-am-

Wv.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 55 55 55 55 5

PewHc-aq-ey-hkvXp

P-ew H-c-aq-ey-h-kv-Xp-hm-sW-∂v \-

ap-s°-√m-h-¿-°p-a-dn-bm-at√m. sh-≈-

Øn-\v th-≠n bp-≤-ap-≠m-°p-∂ \q-

‰m-≠v F-∂m-W-t√m ]p-Xn-b Im-e-

L-́ -sØ hn-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ip-Sn-

°m-\pw Ip-fn-°m-\pw sh-≈-an-√m-sX

I-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂ \m-fp-I-fm-Wv C-\n h-

cm-≥ t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. h-c-ƒ-®-bpw P-e-

£m-a-hpw sIm-≠v _p-≤n-ap-´p-∂ a-

\p-jy-≥ F-ß-s\sb∂v ]p-Xp-Xm-bn

]-Tn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \mw A-{i-

≤-am-bn H-gp-°n-°-f-bp-∂ en-‰-¿ I-

W-°n-\v sh-≈w h-c-ƒ®bv-°pw P-

e-£m-a-Øn-\pw Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.

Ip-Sn-°m-\pw Ip-fn-°m-\pw am-{X-

a-√ k-¿-h B-h-iy-ß-ƒ-°pw P-ew

A-Xy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv. tem-I-Øp-

≈ P-e-Øn-¬ aq-∂v i-X-am-\w am-

{X-ta ip-≤-P-e-ap-≈q. ]n-∂o-Sp-≈ 97

i-X-am-\-hpw Po-h-Pm-e-ß-ƒ-°v D-]-

tbm-Kn-°m-≥ I-gn-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv.

\q-dp-tIm-Sn C-¥y-°m-¿-°v D-]-

tbm-Kn-°m-\p-≈ ip-≤-P-e-Øn-s‚

A-f-hv 1086 _n-ey-≥ Iyq-_n-Iv ao-‰-

dm-Wv. ]p-g-I-fn-epw ip-≤-P-e X-Sm-

I-ß-fn-e-pam-bn 690 _n-ey-≥ Iyq-_n-

Iv ao-‰-dpw D-d-h-bp-≈ ̀ q-K-¿-` P-ew

390 an-ey-≥ Iyq-_n-Iv ao-‰-dp-am-Wv.

C-{X-bpw sh-≈w P-e-]-≤-Xn-I-ƒ,

Km-¿-ln-Im-h-iy-ß-ƒ, hy-h-km-bw,

ssh-Zyp-Xn \n-e-b-ß-ƒ F-∂n-h-bv-°v

th-≠n D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. C-Xn-

¬ 85 i-X-am-\-hpw Im-¿-jn-I B-h-

iy-ß-ƒ-°m-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.

{Km-a-ß-ƒ \-K-c-h-Xv-I-cn-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-tXm-sS Im-¿-jn-I B-

h-iy-ß-ƒ-°v D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂ P-e-Øn-s‚ A-f-hv Ip-

d-bp-∂p-≠v. ̀ q-an-bn-¬ P-e-

Øn-s‚ A-f-hv h-¿-≤n-∏n-

°m-≥ a-g-sh-≈ kw-̀ -c-W-

hpw, ]p-g-I-fn-se X-S-b-W

\n¿Ωm-W-hpw sh-≈-Øn-

s‚ do-ssk-¢n-ßpw sN-tø-≠-

Xp-≠v. ̀ q-an-bn-se P-e-Øn-s‚ A-f-

hv D-b-¿-Øm-\p-≈ \-S-]-SnIƒ kzo-

I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ho-Sn-s‚-bpw sI-

ń-S-ß-fp-sS-bpw ap-I-fn-¬ \n-∂pw ho-

gp-∂ sh-≈w Ip-Øn-sbm-en-®v t]m-

Im-≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°m-sX ̀ q-an-bn-¬ X-

S-™p-\n-¿-Øn a-g-sh-≈w kw-̀ -cn-°-

Ww. Cd-b-Øv\n∂pw Hen-®n-d-

ßp∂ sh≈w InW-dp-I-fn-tet°m

aÏp-g-nIfntet°m FØn-®mWv

sh≈w tiJ-cn-t°-≠-Xv.

a-g-bm-bn s]-øp-∂ sh-≈-Øn-¬

`q-cn-̀ m-K-hpw Ip-Øn-sbm-en-®p ]p-g-I-

fn-eq-sS I-S-en-¬ F-Øn-t®-c-em-Wv

]-Xn-hv. C-\n A-ß-s\ kw-`-hn-°m-

≥ A-\p-h-Zn-®p-Iq-Sm. sh-≈w H-en-®n-

d-ßm-sX a-Æn-te-°n-d-ßn-bm-¬ am-

{X-ta `q-K-¿-`-P-e-Øn-s‚ tXm-Xv h-

¿-≤n-°p-I-bp-≈q. Xp-Wn -A-e-°m-\pw

Ip-fn-°m-\p-sam-s° sh-≈w kq-£n-

®v D-]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. tNm-¿-®-

bp-≈ Sm-∏p-I-ƒ am-‰p-I, j-h-dpw Sm-

∏pw sN-dp-Xm-bn Xp-d-°p-I Xp-S-ßn-

b co-Xn-I-ƒ A-h-ew-_n-®m-¬ sh-

≈w em-`n-°m-≥ I-gn-bpw. C-t∏m-g-

sØ ÿn-Xn Xp-S-¿-∂m-¬ 2020 B-

Ip-tºm-tg-°pw tem-I-Øn-¬ Ip-Sn-

sh-≈w In-́ m-Ø A-h-ÿ-h-cp-sa-∂v

]-e im-kv-{X-⁄-∑m-cpw sX-fn-bn-®p-

I-gn-™p.

Al-\. F

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 65 65 65 65 6

kqcPv \mbIv

DZ-b-h¿Ω-cm-Pm-hns‚ kZ- nse alm-]-fin-

X-\mb sNdp-t»cn \ap-t°-h¿°pw kΩm-\n®

IrXn-bmWv IrjvW-Km-Y.

""]mem-gn-am-Xp-Xm≥ ]men®p t]mcp-∂

tImem[n\mY-\p-Z-b-h¿Ω≥

B⁄sb sNbvI-bm-em-⁄-\m-bp-≈-

Rm≥

{]m⁄-s\-∂n-ßs\ `mhn-®-

t∏mƒ''

F∂ Imhym-cw`wsIm≠pw

""B⁄-bm- tIm-e-̀ q-]ky

{]m⁄-tkym-Zb h¿ΩWx

IrXmbmw IrjvW-Km-Ymbmw.''

F∂ Imhym-h-km\w sIm≠pw Ihn hy‡-

ambn ImńbXn¬\n∂v DZ-b-h¿Ω-cm-Pm-hns‚

B⁄{]Im-c-amWv IrjvW-Km-Y-bpsS D¤hw

F∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°mw.

15-˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ tImeØp\mńse sNdp-

t»cn C√-ØmWv At±-l-Øns‚ P\-\w. At±-

l-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ -\maw ]p\w i¶-c≥

\ºnSn F∂pw ag-aw-Kew \ºq-Xncn F∂pw

a‰pw kwi-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. KmYm-I¿Øm-hn\v

sNdp-»cn \ºq-Xncn F∂pw t]cp-≠v. 21-˛mw

\q‰m-≠nse Hcp km[m-c-W-°m-c\v sNdp-t»cn

Ihn-X-I-fpsS A¿∞w Ffp∏w Dƒs°m-≈p-

hm≥ Ign-bp∂Xn¬\n∂v \ap°v Ihn-X-bpsS

emfnXyw a\- n-em-°mw. {ioIr-jvWs‚ P\\w

apX¬ kz¿§m-tcm-lWw hsc-bp≈ `mKw

IrjvW-Km-Y-bn¬ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-≠v. AXnse

""t\cmbnXo¿∂ In\m-hp-Iƒ'' F∂ `mKw

\ap°v {i≤n-°mw. {ioIr-j-W≥ Aºm-Sn-bn¬

\n∂pw ]T-\-Øn-\mbpw a‰pw hnS-]-d-bp-∂p.

F∂n´v ]ns∂ Xs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°sf ho≠pw

ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ hn[-am-Ip-∂p. Aßs\

Iwk-h[w Ign-™p. {ioIr-jvW≥ cmPm-hmbn

hmgp-∂p. ho≠pw Xs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°sf ImWp-

hm≥ IÆ≥ Hcp-]mSv sImXn-®n-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv

kqcy-{K-lWw D≠m-Im≥ t]mIp∂ hm¿Ø

]S¿∂-Xv. {KlWw Ign -™p≈ Xo¿∞-

kv\m\w Hcp-’-h-ambn F√m-hcpw HØp-Iq-Sn.

H∏w btim-Zbpw \μ-tKm-]pcw IÆs\ I≠p.

Hcp-]mSv Ime-Øn-\v-ti-j-ap≈ HØp-Iq-S¬

btim-Zsb hm’-ey-`-cn-X-bm-°n.

""]mcn-®p-\n-∂p≈ ]mga sNbvI-bm¬

]mi-sØ-s°m≠v ]nSn-®p-sIń

XnÆw hen-®p-ap-dp°n Rm≥ \n¬°-

bm¬

DÆn-∏q-ta-\n-bn¬ ]pÆn-√√o?''

F∂ hcn-Iƒ \√-Xp-t]mse ]p{X-hm-’eyw

ImWn-°p∂ hcn-I-fm-Wv. ImcWw, Xs‚

IÆ≥ Hcp cmPm-hmWv F∂ Hcp Kuc-hhpw

ImWn-°msX Xm≥ Ipń-°m-eØv I≠ IÆ-

\mbn kvt\lwsIm≠v Ipfn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv

Cu AΩ ChnsS sNøp-∂-Xv.

Bh-iy-Øn\v-th≠ Ae-¶m-c-{]-tbm-K-

ßƒsIm≠v Hcp Ihn-Xsb `wKn-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂ sNdp-t»cn Cu `mKØv {]tXy-I-

amb Hcp Be-¶m-cnI -{]-tbm-Khpw D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-√. aRvPcn hrØ-Øn¬ cNn®

Cu Ihn-X-bpsS {]tXy-IX AXv \qdv-i-

X-am\w Ie-bmWv F∂-Xm-Wv. \ºym-sc-

t∏m-seØs∂ At±-lhpw In´p∂kμ¿ -̀

ß-fn¬ ae-bm-fn-I-sfbpw ae-bm-f-\m-Sn-

s\bpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.

at\m-[¿Ω {]tbm-K-ßƒsIm≠pw

Ae-¶mc {]tbm-K-ßƒsIm≠pw kpe-fn-

X -tIm-af ]Z-ß-fpsS taf-\w-sIm≠pw

{]IrXnh¿Æ-\-IƒsIm≠pw a‰pw klr-

Z-b-cpsS ap‡-I-WvT-amb {]iw-kbv°v

]m{Xn`qX-amb IrjvW-Km-Ybpw AXns‚

I¿Øm-hmb sNdp-t»-cn-bpw ae-bm-fn-Ifpw

ae-bmf`mjbpw D≈n-S-tØmfw Imew

hnkva-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√.

sNdp-t»-cn-KmYHcp Bkzm-Z\w

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 75 75 75 75 7

tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ N-cn-{X-Øn-¬ G-

‰-hpw C-cp-f-S-™ Im-e-L-´-am-bn-

cp-∂p ]-Xn-s\-´mw \q-‰m-≠v. ln-

μp-°fn-¬ H-cp h-en-b hn-̀ m-K-sØ

A-h-¿-Æ-sc-∂pw Xm-W-Pm-Xn-sb-

∂pw ap-{Z-Ip-Øn A-h-¿-°v -hn-Zym-

`ym-k-hpw kzm-X-{¥y-hpw \n-tj-

[n-°-s∏-´ Im-ew. A-h-i-X A-

\p-`-hn-® P-\-ß-sf ssI-]n-Sn-®p-

b-¿-Øn kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚ h-gn-

Øm-c-bn-te-°v \-bn-® k-\ym-kn-

bm-bn-cp-∂p {io-\m-cm-b-W Kp-cp-

tZ-h-≥. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw Pn-√-bn-

¬ sN-º-g-¥n {Km-a-Øn-¬ 1030 Nn-

ß-am-k-Øn-¬ N-X-bw \m-fn-em-

Wv {io-\m-cm-b-W Kp-cp P-\n-®-Xv.

1032˛se F-∂pw H-cp A-`n-{]m-b-

ap-≠v. A-—-≥ am-S-\m-im-≥ kw-kv-

Ir-X ]-fin-X-\m-bn-cp-∂p. A-Ω

Ip-ń-b-Ω a-lm-`-‡-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

A-—-\-Ω-am-cpw _-‘p-°-fpw Ip-

ń-sb \m-Wp F-∂v hn-fn-®p. A-

©mw h-b- n-¬ sN-º-g-¥n-∏n-≈

B-im-≥ \n-e-sØ-gp-Øv ]-Tn-∏n-®p.

a-e-bm-fw F-gp-Xm-\pw hm-bn-°m-

\pw ]-Tn®ti-jw I-W-¶-c ap-Øp-

∏n-≈ B-im-s‚ Io-gn-¬ kw-kv-

Ir-Xw ]-Tn-®p. Ip-Ω-≥-]n-≈n B-

im-s‚ Io-gn-¬ D-]-cn-]-T-\w \-S-

Øn. \m-Wp th-Z-im-kv-{XmZn-I-fn-

¬ Xn-I-™ ]m-fin-Xyw t\-Sn.

]n-∂o-Sv ssX-°m-´v A-øm-hp-hn-¬-

\n-∂v tbm-K-hn-Zy-bpw A-̀ y-kn-®p.

\m-Wp-hn-s\ H-cp Kr-l-ÿ-\m-

°m-≥ th-≠n _-‘p-°-ƒ \n-¿-

∫‘n-®v hn-hm-lw I-gn-∏n-s®-¶n-

epw A-t±-lw A-Xv kzo-I-cn-®n-√.

ho-Svhn-ń-d-ßn-b A-t±-lw ]-e Zn-

°n-epw Np-‰n k-©-cn-®p. P-\-ß-

ƒ A-t±-l-sØ \m-Wp`-‡-s\-

∂v hn-fn-®p. ]n-∂o-Sv A-t±-lw a-

cp-Xzma-e-bn-¬ sN-∂v X-]- v-sN-

bv-Xp. X-] n-eq-sS B-flm-\p-̀ q-Xn

e-`n-® Kp-cp Ah-[q-X-\m-bn \-S-

∂p. \m-́ n-se A-[x-ÿn-X-cp-sS A-

h-i-X-I-sf-√mw Kp-cp -t\-cn-¬ I-

≠p. A-Xn-\p-≈ ]-cn-lm-c-sØ-∏-

‰n Nn-¥n-®p. A-cp-hn-∏p-d-sØ Kp-

l-bn-¬ Xm-a-kn-°p-∂ Im-e-Øv

-̀‡-∑m-¿ kzm-an-sb sN∂v I-≠p.

A-h-cp-sS Zp:J-ß-ƒ-°v A-dp-Xn-h-

c-pØm-≥ th-≠ ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-ƒ kzm-

an-I-ƒ B-cw-`n-®p.

t£-{X{]-th-i-\w \n-tj-[n-

°-s∏-´ H-cp h-en-b hn-`m-Kw ln-

μp-°-ƒ-°p-th-≠n H-cp t£-{Xw

ÿm-]n-°p-hm-≥ Kp-cp Xo-cp-am-\n-

®p. 1888 in-h-cm-{Xn \m-fn-¬ A-cp-

hn-∏p-d-Øv B-Zy-sØ in-h-{]-Xn-

jv-T \-S-Øn. ssl-μ-h kw-kv-Im-

c-Øn-s‚ hn-im-em-i-bw hn-fw-_-

cwsN-øp-∂ H-cp kq-‡w A-hn-

sS F-gp-Xn-h-∏n-®p. ""Pm-Xnt`-Zw,

a-X-tZz-jw G-Xp-an-√m-sX k-¿-h-

cpw tkm-Z-c-tXz-\ hm-gp∂ am-Xr-

Imÿm-\am-Wn-Xv.''

P-\-ß-ƒ-°v h-f-sc B-izm-k-

hpw B-th-i-hp-am-bn. A-h-cp-sS

B-h-iy-{]-Im-cw \n-c-h-[n t£-{X-

ß-ƒ Kp-cp- ÿm-]n-®p. A-‘-hn-

izm-k-ß-fpw A-\m-Nm-c-ß-fpw H-

gn-hm-°m-\pw hn-Zy A-`y-kn-°m-

\pw Kp-cp P-\-ß-sf D-]-tZ-in-®p.

Kp-cp-hn-s‚ Io-gn-¬ P-\-ß-ƒ H-∂n-

®v {]-h-¿-Øn-®p. Pm-Xn-t°m-´-I-ƒ

X-I-¿-∂p. A-bn-Øw am-dn. P-\-ß-

ƒ kz-X-{¥-cm-bn.

kw-kv-Ir-X-Øn-epw a-e-bm-f-

Øn-epw X-an-gn-epw Kp-cp-hn-\v \-√

]m-fin-Xy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \n-c-h-

[n kv-tXm-{X-Ir-Xn-I-fpw th-Zm-¥-

Ir-Xn-I-fpw Kp-cp c-Nn-®n-´p-≠v.

1928 sk-]v-Xw-_-¿ am-kw 20˛-

\m-Wv Kp-cp k-am-[n-b-S-™-Xv. B-

≠vtXm-dpw h-¿-°-e-bn-se k-am-

[n-a-μn-c-Øn-te-°v Kp-cp-̀ -‡-¿ Xo-

¿-∞m-S-\w sN-bv-Xp-h-cp-∂p-≠v.

A\p{io cmPohv

{io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


5 85 85 85 85 8

kv- {Xo A-Ω-bm-Wv, P-K≥amXm-hm-Wv F-s∂-√mw hn-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂ \-Ω-ƒ C-t∏m-ƒ kv-{Xo-I-sf_-lp-am-\n-°p-∂p-t≠m kw-c-£n-°p-∂p-t≠m F-s∂m-cp kw-i-bw.F-¶n-epw kv-{Xo, ]p-cp-j-t\°m-¬ H-´pw Xm-sg-b-√ F-∂v Im-Wn-°p-∂ F-{Xsb{X kw-`-h-ß-ƒ\-Ωp-sS-bn-S-bn-¬ \-S-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-epw I-em-Im-bn-I-tem-I-Øpw iq-\ym-Im-i-bm-{X-bn-epw F-¥n-∂v F-h-d-Ãv sIm-Sp-ap-Sn Io-g-S-°m-≥ h-sc kv-{XoIƒ ap-

≥-ssIsbSp-Øn-́ p-≠v. A-Xn-\m-¬F-¥p-sIm-≠pw kv-{Xo-I-ƒ ]p-cp-j-∑m-¿-s°m-∏wX-s∂ F-∂v Rm-≥ I-cp-Xp-∂p. F-¶n-epw kv-{Xo-I-ƒ-s°Xn-sc-bp-≈ Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-ƒ,]o-U-\-ß-ƒ h-¿-≤n-°p-∂-Xm-bnIm-Wmw. C-t∏m-ƒX-s∂ H-cp ]-{Xw F-Sp-Øvt\m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-¬ kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS B-fl-l-Xy-I-fpwkv-{Xo-I-ƒ A-\p-̀ -hn-® ]o-U-\-ß-fp-sS hm-¿-Ø-I-fpw F-{X-am-{X-am-Wp-≈-Xv. sN-dp-∏w-ap-Xte kv-{Xo-I-sf B-Z-cn-°m-\pw kw-c-£n-°m-

\pw kv-t\-ln-°m-\p-ap-≈ io-ewh-f-¿-Ønsb-Sp-Øm-¬ kv-{Xo-I-ƒ-°v k-aq-l-Øn-¬ Iq-Sp-X-¬ kp-c-£n-X-Xz-ap-≈ ÿm-\w ssI-h-cn-°mw. AXv H-cp amXm-hns‚ IS-abm-Wv. am-Xm-hv A-h-cp-sS I-S-ah-f-sc \-∂m-bn sN-bv-Xm-¬ A-h-cp-sS a-°-ƒ kv-{Xo kv-t\-ln-I-fpwkv-{Xo-I-sf B-Z-cn-°p-∂-h-cpw B-bn-Øo-cpw. A-Ω, k-tlm-Z-cn, `m-cy F-∂n-ß-s\ kv-{Xo-°v k-aq-l-Øn-¬ ]-e ÿm-\-ß-fp-≠v. A-h-sb-√mw i-cn-bm-b co-Xn-bn-¬ D-]-tbm-Kn-®m-¬ A-hn-sS kv-{Xo]o-U-\-ß-fpw kv-{Xo-I-ƒ-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ B-{I-a-W-ß-fpw D-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. _m-ey-Øn-¬ ]n-Xm-hpw Iu-am-c-Øn-¬ `-¿-Øm-hpw hm-¿-≤-Iy-Øn-¬ a-I-\pw kv-{Xo-sb kw-c-£n-°-W-sa-∂v a-\p-kv-ar-Xn-bn-¬ ]-d-bp-∂p. ]p-cm-W-ß-fn-¬ kv-{Xo-I-sf tZ-h-X-sbt∏m-se ]q-Pn-°-Wsa∂pw DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. C-t∏m-ƒ \-Ωp-sS `-c-W-L-S-\-bn-¬t]m-epw kv-{Xo-I-sf kw-c-£n-°m-\p-≈ F-{X-tbm \n-b-a-ß-fp-≠v. C-sX-√mw kzo-I-cn-®v kv-{Xo-I-ƒ Iq-Sp-X-¬ I-cp-Ø-cm-hp-I-bm-Wv th-≠-Xv. s]-¨-Ip-ń-I-ƒ-°vkz-¥w Im-en-¬ \n-¬-°m-\p-≈B-fl-hn-izm-kw \-¬-Im-≥ A-Ω-am-¿-°vIgnb-Ww. A-ß-s\ H-cpkv-{Xo am-Xm-hn-s‚, km-tlm-Z-cn-bp-sS, `m-cy-bp-sS, I-S-a \-∂m-bnsN-bv-Xm-¬ \-Ωp-sS k-aq-lw F-{X kp-μ-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.

With best compliments fromWith best compliments fromWith best compliments fromWith best compliments fromWith best compliments from

M.P. TM.P. TM.P. TM.P. TM.P. TexexexexexK.V. ComplexCalicut-2

kv{XoHcp]T\w

kpan-X. Fw.

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5 95 95 95 95 9

sXmgp-Xmepw sXmgp-Xmepw Xocp-In√

\ns‚ Xncp-hp-S¬]qhns‚ a[p-c-K-‘w (2)

I≠mepw I≠mepw aXn-h-cn-√- \ns‚

amteb Xne-I-Øn¬ aXn-a-[pcw (2)

IrjvW-ltc (3)

Pb IrjvW-ltc

]mgvapfw X≠ns\ apc-fn-bmbv am‰p-∂

]h-t\-iz-cm- \ns‚ cmK-Pmew (2)

Hcp aWn-b-hn¬t]mepw \o Xtem-Sp-tºmƒ

[\[m\y-tI-Zm-c-am-bn-Sp∂p (2)

IpS-a-Wn-bm-Sp∂ ss]°ƒ°v t]mepw \o

]p\-c]n ZpxJßƒ Xo¿Øn-Sp-∂p.

P]-a-Wn-sb-Æp∂ aRvPp-fm¬ Nn√bv°pw

EXpkpJ- \n¿hrXn Nm¿Øp∂p \o (2)

s\m¥p hnfn-°p-tºmƒ hnfn tIƒ°p-a-Ω \o

ImSm-ºp-g-hmgpw PK-Zo-izcn

]nc-Xn¬ `‡sc ]me\w sNbvXv \o

IcpWmISm-£-ßƒ sNmcn™p \n¬°pw

Bbn-c-am-bncw a{¥-ß-fp-cp-hn´v

\ns‚ Xr-∏m-Z-Øn¬ hWßoSp-tºmƒ

t¢i-ß-sf-{Xtbm Ipd-bv°p-s∂m-co-izco

s]m≥{]` XqIn \o a\- n¬ \n¬°pw

apń-d-°oSp-hm≥ tIc-ap-S-®p \n≥

ap∂n¬ hs∂-{Xtbm \n∂nSptºmƒ

hn\-I-sf√mw am‰n- h-c-ta-Ip-ao-izco

s]m≥hn-f-°mb \o sXfn™v \n¬°pw.

`‡n-Km-\-ßƒ

BXnc {]Im-i≥

cmhn≥ amem-J-sb-t∏m¬

H‰bv°v \o Xnf-ßp∂p am\-Øv,

Poh-Pm-e-ßƒs°√mw

Ccp-ń¬ shfn-®-ta-Im≥

Nne-t∏mƒ ap°p-hs‚ tXmWn-t]m¬,

Nne-t∏mƒ cmas‚ hn√p-t]m¬,

Nne-t∏mƒ h´-°-Æm-Sn-t]m¬,

DZn-°p∂p \o ]q¿ÆN-{μ-\m-bv.

]£n-Iƒ°v cm∏m¿°m≥

arK-ßƒ°v Cc-tX-Sm≥

Ip™p-ßƒ°v Ifn∏mám-Im≥

F∂pw \o h∂n-tSWw am\-Øv.

taL-ß-fm¬ aqS-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

tXm∂p∂p \o aßp-∂-Xp-t]m¬

iq\y-am-boSp∂p BImiw

\obn-√mØ cm{Xn-I-fn¬.

Aºn-f-b-Ωmhm!

F∂pw \o h∂oSp am\Øv

Poh-Pmeßƒ°v shfn-®-ta-Im≥.

Aºnfn

BXn-c hn.

IÆs‚HmS-°p-g¬hnfnhrμm-h-\-Øn¬ Ccn°pw IÆ≥,

HmS-°p-g¬ hmbn°pw IÆ≥,

IÆs‚ HmS-°p-g¬hnfn-bn¬,

tabp∂p AºmSnX≥ I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ

HmS-°p-g¬hnfn tI´ N{μ≥,

taL-ßƒ°nS-bn-eq-sSm-fn-™p -t\m-°n,

]m´ßp tI´-t∏mƒ Ncm-N-c-ßƒ

\n›-e-am-bt√m \n∂p-t]mbo

]m´p tIs´m-gp-Io-Sp-∂nXm

bap\m \Znbpw sas√ sas√.

C. Fkv. A\ojv

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6 06 06 06 06 0

\ap-°-dn-bm-a-t√m, \-Ωp-sS \m-Sv C-

∂v a-en-\-am-°-s∏-´ H-cp \m-Sm-sW-

∂v. "a-en-\o-I-c-Ww' F-√m Po-h-Pm-

e-ß-fpw t\-cn-Sp- ∂ H-cp Zp-cn-X-am-

Wv. Cu {]-Ir-Xn-a-en-\o-I-c-W-Øn\v

Im-c-Ww ̀ q-an-bp-sS a-°-fm-b \mw Hm-

tcm-cp-Ø-cp-am-Wv. G-sX-√mw h-gn-I-

fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv \-Ωp-sS {]-Ir-Xn a-en-

\-am-Ip-∂-Xv. P-e-Øn-eq-sS-bpw hm-bp-

hn-eq-sS-bpw ]-cnÿnXnbneq-sS-bpw

\-Ω-ƒ B-h-iy-an-√m-Ø F-√m ]m-gv-

h-kv-Xp-°-fpw tdm-U-cn-In-epw h-gn-

tbm-c-ß-fn-epw ho-́ vap-‰-Øpw F-√mw

sIm-≠n-Sp-∂p. \-Ωp-sS tI-c-fo-b-cp-

sS ÿn-cw ]-Xn-hm-Wv, ]mgvh-kvXp-

°ƒ A-h-\-h-s‚ ]-d-ºn-en-Sm-sX

B-cm-s‚ ]-d-ºn-en-Sp-I. A-Xp-sIm-

≠pw A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv \-Ω-ƒ Hm-

tcm-cp-Ø-cp-am-Wv. C-ß-s\ sIm-≠n-

Sp-∂ N-∏vN-h-dp-I-ƒ Ip-∂pIq-Sn-In-S-

°pw. A-Xn-¬ ]-e-X-cw Cu-®-I-fpw

sIm-Xp-Ip-I-I-fpw {]m-Wn-I-fpw \n-

d-bp-∂p. C-Xv a-\p-jy-\n-¬ [m-cm-fw

tcm-K-ß-ƒ D-S-se-Sp-°m-≥ Im-c-W-am-

Ip-∂p.

\maßfn¬ Nn-°p-≥-Kp-\n-b, sU-

¶n-∏-\n, a-e-º-\n Xp-S-ßn-b tcm-K-ß-

ƒ D-≠mIp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p. C-\n N-

∏p-N-h-dp-I-ƒ A-ß-s\Øs∂ C-́ m-

tem? A-Xv a-Æn-¬ e-bn-°m-sX In-

S-°pw. C-Xvaq-ew {]-Ir-Xn-°p-≠m-Ip-

∂ \-jv-Sw h-f-sc h-ep-Xm-Wv. C-ß-

s\ πm-Ãn-°p-I-ƒ In-S-°p-∂ ÿ-e-

Øv H-cp sN-Snt]m-epw h-f-cp-I-bn-√.

πm-Ãn-Iv I-h-dp-I-ƒ I-Øn-°p-∂-Xv

]cnkcw aen\am°p-∂ a-s‰m-cp L-

S-I-am-Wv. A-Xv Iq-Sm-sX C-Xv \-ap-

°v tcm-Kw ]-c-Øp-I-bpw sN-øpw.

\ma-ß-fn¬ Im≥k¿ F∂n-ßs\

CXvaq-ew. {]-Ir-Xn-bn-¬ ip-≤-hm-bp

X-s∂ C-√m-Xm-Ip-∂p.

]n-s∂ \-ap-°v F-Sp-Øv]-d-bm-≥

a-s‰m-c-h-ÿIq-Sn-bp-≠v. "h-\-\-io-I-

c-Ww'. h-\-\-io-I-c-W-Øn-\v Im-c-

W°mcpw \-ΩƒX-s∂-bm-Wv. {]-Ir-

XnX-s∂ ac-ß-fn√ a-g e-̀ n-°m-\pw

a-sÆm-en-∏v X-S-bm-\pw k-lm-bn-°p-

∂p. F-∂m-¬, C-∂v \-Ω-ƒ AXv \-

in-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. Cu

Im-e-Øv a-g e-`n-°p-I h-f-sc A-

¤p-X-am-Wv. \-ap-°v a-cw ap-dn-°mw,

]-t£, B ÿm-\-Øv c-≠v a-

cssØIƒ \Sm≥. h-cpw X-e-ap-dbv-

°v A-Xv D-]-tbm-K-am-Ipw. B ]-c-

º-c A-ßs-\ \o-≠p-t]m-Ipw. ]-

t£ \-Ω-ƒ a-\p-jy-∑m-¿ A-Xp-sN-

øn-√. a-c-ß-ƒ kw-c-£n-°m-≥ th-

≠n Ip-td B-fp-Iƒ Np-a-X-e G-s‰-

Sp-Ø-Xm-sW-¶n-epw A-hcpw cl-ky-

ambn C∂v ac-ßƒ shń \in-∏n-

°p-∂p.

A-Xn-\m-¬, C-\n-sb-¶n-epw h-cpw

X-e-ap-d C-ß-s\ {]-Ir-Xn-sb \-in-

∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°-s´ F-∂v \-ap-°v

{]Xym-in-°mw.

]cn-ÿnXn aen\oI-cWw

keo\ ̂ mØna

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6 16 16 16 16 1

Aßs\ th\-e-h-[n-°mew

FØn. DÆn-bpsS kvIqƒ ]qń.

Ah≥ hońte-°v -t]m-Ip-hm-

\p≈ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏n-em-Wv. DÆn-

bpsS hoSv Hcp {Kma-Øn-em-Wv.

{Kma-Øn¬ ]Tn -°p -hm -\p≈

kuI-cy-an-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v DÆn

{Kma-Øn¬\n∂v Zqsc-bp≈ ]´-

W-Øn¬ h∂mWv ]Tn-°p-∂-Xv.

DÆn {Kma-Øn-te°v bm{X-Xn-cn-

®p. Hcp Znh-k-Øns‚ ]Ip-Xn-

tbmfw _ n¬ bm{XsNø-Ww.

bm{X-bn¬ Ah≥ ]eXpw

Hm¿Øp. hoń¬ Xs∂ ImØn-

cn-°p∂ AΩbpw Ip™p-s]-ß-

fmb Dabpw IqSmsX Xs‚ {]nb-

s∏´ Sn°p∏q®-bpw. AΩ the

sNbvXmWv ho´v-Imcyw t\m°p-

∂-Xv. DÆn-bpsS ]T-\-sN-ehv ] -́

W-Øn-ep≈ AΩm-h≥ t\m°n-

s°m-≈pw.

hoń¬ AΩbpw Dabpw

kt¥m-j-Øn-em-Wv. IØn-eqsS

DÆn -h-cp∂ Imcyw Adn-bn-®n-cp-

∂p. Da Xs‚ Iq´p-Im-cn-I-tfm-

sS√mw G´≥ hcp-sa-∂pw ]´-W-

Øn¬\n∂v X\n°v kΩm-\-ßƒ

sIm≠p-h-cp-sa∂pw ]d-™p.

icnbmWv. Xs‚ apjn™

hkv{X-ßfpw ]pkvX-I-ßfpw

am‰n-sh-®m¬ \ndsb Da-bv°p≈

kΩm-\-ßfpw AΩ-bv°p≈ Hcp

sNdnb s]mXn-bp-amWv DÆn-

bpsS s]ń-bn¬. kvIqfn¬\n∂v

kΩm-\-ambn Inńb ]W-sa√mw

Ah≥ kzcp°qń hmßn-®-Xm-Wv.

Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿°nXv CjvS-

s∏-Spw. _ n-dßn Hcp ^¿

temßv \S-°Ww hoń-te-°v.

DÆn kz]v\-ß-fp-ambn H∂v angn-

b-S-®-tX-bp-≈q. kl-bm-{Xn-I-

cpsS _lfw tI´mWv Ah≥

DW¿∂-Xv. Ah≥ Xncn-®n-cp∂p

t]mbn Xß-fpsS _kv \nb-{¥-

Wm-Xo-X-ambn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

_kv ASp -Øp≈ ac-Øn¬

sN∂n-Sn®v\n∂p, F∂n´v AKm-

[-amb XmgvN-bn-te°v adn-™p.

B A]-I-S-Øn¬ _ n-ep≈

Bcpw c£-s∏-́ n-√.

DÆn Bip-]-{Xn-bnte°p≈

hgn at≤y-bmWv IÆ-S-®-Xv.

Xs∂ ssZh-Øn\v \¬Ip-∂-

Xn\v apºv Ah≥ Xs‚ s]ń

c£m-{]-h¿Ø-I-cn¬ Hcmsf

G¬]n -®psIm≠v ]d -™p:

""Rm≥ Xncn®p t]mhm; Fs‚

A—s‚ ASp-tØ-°v. CXn¬

Fs‚ hnem-k-ap-≠v. Cu s]ń

Ahn -sS. . . . FØn.. . -°Ww''

Ah≥ H∂v ]nS™p. H∂v

sh{]m-f-s∏´p IÆp-Iƒ Xpdn-®v-

h∂p. ]Xnsb \n›-e-am-bn.

c£m- {] -h¿Ø-I¿ Ahs‚

A¥ym-`n-emjw \nd-th-‰n. B

AΩbpw Ip™p-s]-ßfpw

XI¿∂p-t]m-bn. Ah¿ hniz-kn-

®n-√. Ah¿ B s]ń `{Z-ambn

FSp-Øv-sh®p ""hcpw, \ΩpsS

DÆn-tb-´≥ hcpw, \Ωsf hn´v

Cu Da-tamƒsS G´≥ GsSbpw

t]mIn√''. C{Xbpw ]d™v Da

hmXn¬°¬sN∂v hnZq-c-X-bn-

te°v t\m°n-\n-∂p. Xs‚ DÆn-

tb-´s‚ hchv {]Xo-£ns®

∂hÆw.

DÆn-tb-́ s‚hchv

dq_n ]¿ho¨

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6 26 26 26 26 2

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6 36 36 36 36 3

\nim-K-‘n-bpsSA‘X

H-cp cm-{Xn. A-‘-Im-

c-sØ t`-Zn-®p-sIm-≠v

H-cp Im-¿ No-dn-∏m-bp-∂p.

s]-s´-∂vX-s∂ a-c-W-

sa-∂ Po-hn -X-e-£y-

Øn-¬ B -hm-l-\-Øn-

\p-≈ c-≠v -t]-¿ F-Øn-

t®-¿-∂p. ssZ-h-I-Sm-£-

Øm-¬ a-‰p c-≠v t]-¿

e-£y-Øn-¬ \n-∂v F-

{X-tbm A-I-se-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. A-tX ssZ-hwX-

s∂ A-h-sc X-Ωn-¬

th-¿-Xn-cn®p. sh-

dpw B-dv-am-kw

am-{Xw tem-Iw I-

≠ B ]n-©p-Ip-

™v X-s‚ A-—-

s‚-b -Sp -Øv -\n -

∂pw sX-dn-®v-ho-

Wp. B ho-gv-N A-h-fp-sS A-—-≥ A-dn-™n-cp-∂n-

√. t_m-[-an-√m-sX In-S-∂ B a-\p-jy-s\ B-scm-

s°-tbm tN-¿-∂v Bkv]-{Xn-bn-se-Øn-®p. F-¶n-

epw, th-¿-s]-´p-t]m-b ]n-©p-Ip-™v A-hn-sSØ-

s∂-In-S-∂p.

]n-t‰-∂v A-h-sf B-scms-°-tbm I-s≠-Sp-Ø-

t∏m-ƒ I-Sw-Iq-Sn am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-ƒ D-t]-£n-® Ip-ń-

I-fp-sS F-Æ-Øn-¬ H-cm-ƒIq-Sn F-∂v am-{X-ta A-

h-¿ hn-Nm-cn-®p-≈q. Ip-ń-I-fn-√m-Ø H-cp Kr-l-\m-Y-

≥ Z-b-sIm-≠v B Ip-™n-s\ X-s‚ Ip-Spw-_-Øn-

te-°v G-s‰-Sp-Øp. A-

ß-s\ A-h-fp-sS `m-hn

A-hn-sS A-`-bw tX-Sn.

Im-e-ß-ƒ Ip-td ]n-

∂n-´p. A-h-ƒ h-f-¿-∂-

h-∂p. A-h-ƒ kp-μ-cn-

bm-bn-cp-∂p. A-h-fp-sS

ap-Jw Ft∏mgpw tim`-

\ambn-cp-∂p. Xm-≥ a-‰p-

≈-h-cn-¬ \n-∂pw hy-

Xy-kv-X-bm-sW-∂v A-

h-ƒ a-‰p-≈-h-cp-sS s]-

cp-am-‰-Øn-¬ \n-∂pw a-

\- n-em-°n-bn-

cp-∂p. ]-t£,

A-Xv F-ß-s\-

sb-∂-Xv A-h-

ƒ-°-dn-bn-√m-bn-

c p -∂p . A-ß-

s\ Im-e-N-{I-

Øn-s‚ \o-°-tØm-sSm-∏w A-h-ƒ B c-l-ky-

hpw I-≠p-]n-Sn-®p. Xm-≥ H-c-‘-bm-sW-∂ \-·-

am-b k-Xyw. H-cp \n-im-K-‘n-bp-sS F-√m k-hn-

ti-j-X-I-fpw A-h-fp-sS I-Æp-I-ƒ-°p-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. A-h-fp-sS I-Æp-I-ƒ a-t\m-l-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F-¶n-epw \n-im-K-‘n-sb-t∏m-seØs∂ C-cp-ń-

¬ X-s‚ Bbp- v I-gn®v-Iq-´m-\m-bn-cp-∂p B \-

b-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw hn[n.

A-h-ƒ F-√m hn-[-Øn-epw k-º-∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Im-gv-N-bn-sem-gn-®v. {i-h-W-i-‡n-bn-eq-sS-bpw I-Tn-

{]`m-Xv. ]n

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


6 46 46 46 46 4

\ {]-hr-Øn-bn-eq-sS-bpw A-h-ƒ

hn-[n-sb X-c-WwsN-bv-Xp. C-ß-

s\-bp-≈ X-s‚ Po-hn-X-Øn-\n-S-

bn-¬ A-hsfmcp kp-lr-Øns\

bpw kºm-Zn-®p. kulr-Z-Øn-s‚

bpw {]W-b-Øns‚bpw t\-¿-Ø

A-Xn-¿-h-c-ºp-I-fn-eq-sS bm-{XsN-

bv-Xn-cp-∂ A-h-¿ s]-s´-∂v A-Xn-

¿-ØnI-S-∂p. Cu {]-W-b-Øn-\n-

S-bn-¬ A-‘-X H-cp tNm-Zy-Nn-”-

am-bn A-h-fp-sS D-≈n-¬ X-d-®p.

Cu {]-W-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v a-‰p-

≈-h-cp-sS A-`n-{]m-b-sa-¥m-bn-cn-

°p-sa-∂v Nn-¥n-®v A-h-ƒ ZpxJ-

sa-∂ I-S-en-te-bv-°n-d-ßm-≥ t]m-

b-t∏m-ƒ A-h-fp-sS Im-ap-I-≥ A-

h-sf I-c-bn-te-bv-°-Sp-∏n-®p. ]p-dw

Im-gv-N-tb-°m-ƒ Xm-≥ hn-iz-kn-°p-

∂-Xv D-ƒ-Im-gv-N-bn-em-sW-∂pw A-

Xv \n-∂n-¬ D-≈-Xp-sIm-≠v \o ]q-

¿-Æ-kp-μ-cn-bm-sW-∂pw ]-d-™v

A-h-≥ A-h-ƒ-°v ss[-cyw ]-I-¿-

∂p. F-¶n-epw ̀ -b-Øn-s‚ H-cp sN-

dn-b Aw-iw A-h-fn-¬ \n-g-en-®n-

cp-∂p. F-¶n-epw B t{]-a-Øn-\v

H-cp X-S- -hpw Ah¿°v t\-cn-tS-

≠n-h-∂n-√. c-≠v Ip-Spw-_-ß-fpw

A-h-cp-sS t{]-a-Øn-¬ A-h-¿-°-

\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.

A-ß-s\ A-h-≥ X-s‚ Po-hn-

Xw H-cp Xm-en-®-c-Sn-¬ sI-ń A-

h-ƒ-°v k-Ωm-\n-®p. A-h-¿ H-cp

\-√ Ip-Spw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn-\v h-gn

sX-fn-bn-®p. C-ß-s\ C-W-ßn-bpw

]n-W-ßn-bp-ap-f-f X-ß-fp-sS Po-hn-

X-Øn-\n-S-bn-¬ A-h-ƒ X∂n¬ H-

fn-®pIn-S-∂ Km-bn-I-sb I-≠p-]n-

Sn-®p. B-Zy-am-Zyw hn-Zym-e-b-ß-fn-

epw a-‰pw ]m-Sn-Øp-S-ßn-b A-h-

ƒ ]n-∂o-Sv a-’-c-th-Zn-I-ƒ-°v kp-

]-cn-Nn-X-bm-bn. A-c-ßp-I-ƒ ]-e-

Xpw A-h-ƒ I-b-dn-bn-d-ßn. H-cp

Hm-t´m ss{U-h-dm-b X-s‚ ̀ -¿-Øm-

hn-s‚ I-jv-S-X A-h-ƒ Ip-d-®p. kw-

Ko-X ¢m-kn-esS \-√ H-cp Xp-I

A-h-ƒ k-ºm-Zn-®p.

A-ß-s\ A-h-ƒ {]-i-kv-Xn-

bm-¿-÷n-®p. A-h-fp-sS {]-i-kv-Xn

a-‰p \m-Sp-I-fn-te-°pw ]-S-¿-∂p. A-

ß-s\ A-h-fp-sS t]-cpw hn-h-c-

ß-fpw an-° ]-{X-ß-fn-epw {]-Xy-

£-s∏-´p. Cu k-a-bw tem-I-Øn-

s‚ a-s‰m-cp tIm-Wn-¬ \n-∂ H-

cm-fn-s\ Cu hm-¿-Ø A-Xn-i-bn-

∏n-®p. 25 h-¿-j-am-bn Xm-≥ ]-{X-

ß-fn-¬ sXc-™ hn-h-cw Cu \n-

an-jw X-s∂ sXc-™ph-∂n-cn-°p-

∂p. A-bm-ƒ ]-{X-°m-cp-am-bn _-

‘-s∏-́ p. A-ß-s\ A-h-sf-°p-dn-

®p-≈ Iq-Sp-X-¬ hn-h-c-ß-ƒ A-

bm-ƒ ti-J-cn-®p. A-bm-ƒ A-h-

fp-am-bn t^m-Wn-¬ kw-km-cn-®p.

X-s‚ a-I-fp-sS i-_v-Zw A-bm-ƒ

B-Zy-am-bn tI-´p. A-t∏m-ƒ A-h-

ƒ X-s‚ Po-hn-X-Øn-¬ D-S-se-Sp-

Ø c-≠m-a-sØ c-l-ky-Øn-s‚-

bpw sI-´p-I-f-gn-®p. B c-l-kyw

A-h-sf sR-ń-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-

∂p. X-s‚ am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-ƒ F-

¥n-\o c-l-kyw X-t∂m-Sv a-d-®p-

sh-®p, F-∂-h-ƒ B-tem-Nn-®p.

]-Xn-hp-t]m-se kq-cy-≥ A-

∂pw B Zn-\-Øn-\-Xn-cv I-ev-]n-®p.

F-¥p-sIm-t≠m H-cp A-kv-X-a-bw

A-h-ƒ-°-\p-`-h-s∏-´p. ssh-Zyp-Xn

hn-tO-Zn-°-s∏-´ B cm-{Xn-bn-¬

A-h-ƒ X-s‚ th-e-°m-cn-tbm-sSm-

∏w D-Ω-d-∏-Sn-bn-¬ X-s‚ `-¿-Øm-

hn-\p-th-≠n Im-Øn-cp-∂p. sh-fn-

®-sØ Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂ B th-e-

°m-cn A-hn-sS H-cp sa-gp-Ip-Xn-cn

I-Øn-®p. Im-gv -N-bn-s√-¶n-epw

B sa-gp-Ip-Xn-cn-bp-sS km-ao-]yw

A-h-f-dn-™p. -k-Xy-Øn-¬ B sa-

gp-Ip-Xn-cn-tbm-sSm-∏w A-h-fp-sS

B-bp- pw I-ØnØocpI-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. H-Sp-hn-¬ B sa-gp-Ip-Xn-cn-b-

W-™p. B \n-im-K-‘n A-hn-sS

hm-Sn-ho-Wp.

AIRTRAVEL ENTERPRISESINDIA LIMITED

Bldg. #5/3424, Noor Complex, Indira Gandhi Road, Calicut - 673 004Tel. 0495-3043300, 3048321, 3048322, Fax : 0495 2723477

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


6 56 56 56 56 5

_ln-cm-Im-iØv \nßƒ°v G‰hpw ASpØ Iq´p-Im-c-

\mWv Rm≥! cm{Xn-bn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw \nß-sfs∂ t\m°n

""lmbv'' F∂v ]d-bm-dp-≠v. C\nbpw a\- n-emImØ Iq´p-

Im¿°mbn Fs∂∏‰n-bp≈ Nne hnh-c-ßƒ ]d-™v-X-cmw.

`qan-bn¬\n∂v F∂n-te-°p≈ icm-icn Zqcw 384400 Intem-

ao-‰-Wm-Wv. Fs‚ D]-cn-Xe Xm]-\ne cmhnse 1100c bpw

cm{Xn˛ 14000c bpwam-Wv. Fs‚ hymkw 3476 Intem-ao-‰¿.

\nßƒ Fs∂ Hma-\-Øn-¶ƒ F∂pw, Aºn-fn-am-a≥ F∂pw

hnfn-°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ F√m-h¿°pw Fs∂ a\- n-em-bn-

°m-Wpw. AsX Rm\Wv N{μ≥. `qan-bpsS Htc-sbmcp

D]-{Klw! Fs‚ D]-cn-Xew Ip∂p-Ifpw Xmgvhc-I-fpw K¿Ø-

ßfpw \nd-™-Xm-sW∂v Keo-en-tbm-bmWv Is≠-Øn-b-

Xv. Fs‚ D]-cn-X-e-Øn-ep≈ IdpØ ]mSp-Iƒ kap-{Z-ambn

]ecpw hymJym-\n®p. F∂n´v, AXn\v acnbm F∂ t]cv

\¬In. F\n°v kz¥-ambn {]Im-i-an-√. kqcys‚ {]Imiw

{]Xn-̂ -en-∏n-°p-I-bmWv Rm≥ sNøp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, Fs‚

{]Im-i-Øn¬ \nßƒ°v \nd-hy-Xymkw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥

km[n-°p-∂n-√. ]ns∂, `qan-bn¬ kap-{Z-Øn¬ \S-°p∂

then-tb-‰-Øn-epw, then-bn-d-°-Ønepw Rm≥ {][m\ ]¶v-

h-ln-°p-∂p-≠v. Fs∂]‰n ]Tn-°m≥ C¥ybpw "N{μ-bm≥'

F∂ _ln-cm-Im-i-t]-SIw Cd-°p-∂p-≠v. ae-bmf kmln-

Xy-Ønse ]e Ihn-Ifpw Fs∂-∏‰n Ihn-X-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-

´p≠v. Cc-b-nΩ≥ Xºn-bpsS Hcp {][m\ Xmcm-´p-]m´v XpS-

ßp-∂Xv 'Hma-\-Øn-¶ƒ' F∂ hmt°m-sS-bm-Wv. C{Xbpw

henb kzm[o\w Rm≥ \nß-fpsS Pohn-XØn¬ sNep-

Øp-∂p F∂v \nßtfmSvXs∂ ]d-bp-tºmƒ Rm≥

D≈mse ]pf-I-a-Wn-bp-I-bm-Wv.

Ac-hnμv sI.-]n.

sXcp-hv-]p{XnsXcp-hns‚ aI-sf∂ t]cn-se≥

PohnXw

\miamw Xoc-Øn-se-Øn-bt√m

IÆp-\o¿ ImWp-hm≥ Bcp-an-√m-sX-

sb≥

Pohn-X-Øm-fhpw sX‰n-bt√m

sImgn-bp∂ Nnd-Ip-Iƒ t]mse-sb≥

PohnXw

sXcp-hns‚ aI-sf∂ t]cpw kz¥w.

A—-\m-c-Ω-bm-sc-s∂mcp tNmZy-Øn˛

\pØcw tXSp∂p Rm\p-an-t∏mƒ

Cs∂s‚ IÆntem kz]v\-ß-fn√

ZpxJamWns∂s‚ kzØv

Nncntbm ad-∂p-t]msbs‚ ZpxJw

k¶Sw am{Xsa\n°v kz¥w.

ZpxJ`mcw Npaen-te‰n Rm≥ sN∂˛

sXmc-º-e-Øns‚ Xncp-\-S-bn¬

ssIIq-∏n sXm-gp-sXmcm tZh-s‚˛

\S-bn-en-cp∂p \maw P]n®p.

C\n-sbs‚ PohnXw Aº-e-\Sbnse

tZhs\ [ym\n-®p-sIm≠v

sXcp-hns‚ aI-sf∂ t]cpw

am™p-t]mbv

C\n-sbs‚ PohnXw k -̂e-ambn.

Aºn-fn-am-a≥Xs∂

Hm¿°p-tºmƒ!


Hm¿°p-tºmƒ!


Hm¿°p-tºmƒ!


Hm¿°p-tºmƒ!

_n_n≥ cmPv

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


6 66 66 66 66 6

\√ \nem-sh-fn -®hpw Cfw-

Im‰w Xgp-In-sb-Øp-∂p. hb¬

hcºn-eqsS tKm]n HmSn. ag-

sbØpw apºp≈ ]m®n¬.

tKm]n hoń-se-Øn-b-t∏m-tg°pw

agIptds» s]mSn-™n-cp -∂p.

tKm]n A¤p-X-s∏-´p. Xs‚

apºn¬ Hcp ]ń-°p-ń. tKm]n-

bpsS A—≥ SuWn -emWv

tPmensNøp-∂-Xv. BgvN-bn-sem-

cn -°¬ A—≥ hcp -tºmƒ

tKm]n°v Hmtcm kΩm-\-ap-≠m-

Ipw. ]¥pw sN vt_m¿Up-

sams° A—≥ Aßs\

sIm≠ph-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ CXv

Xo¿Øpw {]Xo-

£n-°mØ Hcp

kΩm-\-am-bn-cp-

∂p. \√ Hma-\-Ø-ap≈ Hcp ]ń-°p-ń. Ah-\-Xns\

kq£n®v t\m°n. Im∏n Ie¿∂ sNa∂ \nd-amWv

tZl-am-k-I-ew. Hcp IdpØ s_¬‰v Igp-Øn-epw.

""Ah≥... Ah-s\m∂pw an≠p-∂n-√-t√m. A—m tKm]n

tNmZn-®p. ""AXv s]s´∂v ÿew amdn-bnt√ AXp-sIm-

≠m..'' A—s‚ adp-]Sn icn-b-s√∂v Ah\v tXm∂n.

Ah≥ AXns\ kq£n-®p-t\m-°n. AXns‚ s_¬‰v

hfsc apdp°n sIń-bn-cp-∂p. sNdp-Xmbn tNmcbpw

s]mSn-bp-∂p-≠v. Ah≥ B s_¬‰gn-®p. t\ctØ

s]mSn-™p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ ag Ct∏mƒ I\-Øp. tKm]n

Ah-s\mcp t]cn-Sm≥ t\m°n. F¥mWv t]cn-Sp-I.

Ah≥ Ipg-ßn. ]e t]cp-Ifpw Ahs‚ a\- n-eqsS

IS-∂p-t]m-bn. ssSK¿, {_uWn, PnΩn.... F¥m-Wn-SpI?

th≠, CsXm∂pw th≠. Ah≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. Hcp

ag-bp≈ Znh-k-as√ Chs\ Inń-b-Xv. F∂m¬ ag

F∂pXs∂-bm-hs´ t]cv.

""H≥]-X-c-bm-sbSm sN°m, h∂pInS°v'', Ah≥

thKw AIØv Ibdn `£WwIgn-®p InS-∂p. ^m≥

^pƒkv]o-Un-em-bn-cp-∂p. t]mcm-Ø-Xn\v ag s]bvX-

t∏m-gp≈ Ipfn-cpw. ]t£, F∂n´pw tKm]n°v Dd°w

h∂n-√. Ah-\m-tem-Nn®p, Bsc-¶nepw ag-sb∂v Hcp

]ń°v t]cnSp-tam. th≠ "ag' th≠ Rm≥ ]≈n-

°q-S-Øn¬ t]mbn Cw•ojpw lnμnbpw ]Tn-°p-

∂p≠t√m! Ah\v AXp-sh®v

Fs¥-¶nepw t]cn-Smw. ""sdbv

≥''Fbv AXv th≠. ""_mcniv''

AXvsIm-≈mw. Hcp ]pXp-a-bp-

≈-t]-cv. ""_mcniv'' ""_mcniv''

Ahs‚ a\ v a{¥n-®p.

h¿j-ßƒ ]eXpw sImgn-

™p-t]m-bn. tKm]n C∂v ]gb

]Øv hb- p-Im-c -\-√. \√

Dincpw Icp-Øp-ap≈ Hcp ]Xn-

s\-´v -Im-c-\m-Wv. ""_mcnipw''

AXp-t]mseØs∂, \√ Icp-

Øp‰ Hcp ]ń. h¿jw Ign-bpw-

tXmdpw Ah-cpsS _‘w kpZr-

V-am-bn- Xp-S-cp-∂p.

hoSn-\-SpØv-

Xs∂ Hcp 15

sk‚ v ÿew

tKm]n-bpsS A—s‚ t]cn-ep-≠v. D]-tbm-Kn-°msX

sh®n-cp∂ B Xp≠v-`qan ImSp-]n-Sn®v InS-∂n-cp-∂p.

""\ap-°Xv shń \ncØmw _mcniv''. ""_u. _u''

_mcniv kΩXw aqfn. Ah¿ AXv shń \nc-Øm≥

XpS-ßn. s]´-∂Xm Ipgn-bn-sem-cn-f-°w. tKm]n I≠n-

√. ]t£, ""_mcniv'' I≠p. Hcp ]mºv. A ¬

aq¿J≥Xs∂. AXns‚ ASp-tØ°v _mcniv NmSn-

ho-Wp. ""\n¿Øv, _mcniv \n¿Øv'' tKm]n ]d-™p.

_mcniv \n¿Øn-bn-√. s]mcn™ bp≤wXs∂...

""_u,.......... _u''

]mºv _mcn-ins\ sImØn.

""_mcniv''....

tKm]n \oń-hn-fn-®p. _mcniv B ]mºns\ sR°n

]ngn™p sIm∂p. F∂m¬ ]mºns‚ sImØv _mcn-

ins\ Xf¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

ag Xna¿Øp-s]-øm≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ _mcniv ]nS-

bm≥ XpS-ßn. ]nS™v ]nS™v _mcn-ins‚ Poh≥

ag-sb-Sp-Øp.

ag Xs∂ _mcn-ins\ sIm≠p-h-∂p.

agXs∂ sIm≠p-t]m-bn.

Ah≥ hf-sc-b-[nIw hnj-an-®p. C∂pw acn-°mØ

Hm¿Ω-I-fp-ambn _mcniv tKm]n-bpsS a\- n-ep-≠v. acn-

°m-sX... Hcn-°-epw....

"ag' sIm≠p-h∂ "_mcniv'

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


6 76 76 76 76 7

"hnfbpw ]bn¿ apfbnse

sXcnbpw' F∂v Xan -gn¬ Hcp

sNm√p-≠v. hnØp-ap-f®v Ce-Iƒ

hcp-tºmƒXs∂ B kky-Øn¬

\n∂pw e`n-°m-hp∂ ̂ e-sa-s¥∂v

Adn-bm≥ km[n-°pw. AXv a\- n-

em-°m≥ {]kvXpX kkyw hf¿∂v

hcp-∂Xvhsc Imt°-≠-Xn-√. AXv-

t]mse, Hcp a\p-jy≥ hf¿∂v Ign-

™m¬ GXv Xc-°m-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-

∂p-≈Xv Abm-fpsS Ipń-°m-esØ

sNbvXn-I-fn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°m-

hp∂tXbp≈q F∂p-≈-XmWv Cu

sNm√ns‚ s]mcp-ƒ.

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp {]h-N\w

kvIu´v aqhvsa‚n\v XpS°w Ipdn®

k¿ tdm_¿´v Ão^¨k¨

kvanØv t_U≥ ]uhens‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ {]mh¿Øn-I-ambn F¶n¬

Ct∏m-gsØ kvIu´p -Ifpw B

]mX ]n¥p-S-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, ]e-

t∏mgpw bYm¿∞ kvIuń-ßn¬

\n∂pw hyXn-N-en®v t]mhp-∂-Xmbn

ImWp-∂p. CXn\v ImcWw Ct∏m-

temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb

bq\nt^mw {]ÿm-\-amb Worldorganization of Scout movementCt∏mƒ 220˛¬ IqSp-X¬ cmPy-ß-

fn-embn hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

""kvIuńwKv Hcp Ifn-bmWv''

Ipń-I-fpsS hy‡nXz hnIm-k-Øn\v

klm-bn-°p∂ Hcp Ifn-bm-WnXv.

t\´-ßƒ ssIh-cn-°p-I, AwKo-

Imcw t\Sp-I F∂nh a\p-jys‚

ASn-ÿm\ A`n-em-j-ßƒ BsW-

∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv t_U≥

]uh¬ kvIuń-ßn¬ _mUvPv

k{º-Zmbw ÿm]n®v \S-∏n-em-

°nbXv. kvIu´v {]mb-Øn-ep≈

bphm-°-fp-sSbpw kwLm-wK-ß-fp-

sSbpw A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ°v hf-sc-b-

[nIw {]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂ Ah-

cpsS {]Ir-Xym-bp≈ kwL-Øn-

s‚bpw Bh-iy-ßƒ, A`n-em-j-

ßƒ, XmXv]-cy-ßƒ F∂n-h-bp-

ambn LSn-°-s∏´ Xc-Øn-emWv

kvIuńw-Kn¬ \ne-hmcw ssIh-cn-

°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ coXn-Iƒ \n›-bn-°-

Xøm¿kvIuńw-ßv-̨ -km-[y-X-Iƒ

gsØ ssk_¿ Pohn-X-co-Xn-bm-

sW∂v ImWmw. sNdp -∏-Øn¬

sÃ^n F∂ hnfn-t∏-cn¬ Adn-b-

s∏-ń-cp∂ t_U≥ ]uh¬ (Np-cp-

°-t∏cv _n.-]n.) 1907 Pqsse 29-˛mw

XobXn {_ -́\nse Ncn-{X-ap-d-ßp∂

{_u¨kn sFe‚n¬sh®v \S∂

21 t]¿ ]s¶-SpØ BZy Iymºv

apX¬ kvIu´v ssKUp-Iƒ hfsc

Bth-i-]q¿Δw sk©zdn ]q¿Øn-

bm-°n {]ÿm-\sØ Ncn-{X-am-°p-

I-bm-Wv. Ct∏m-gsØ amdnb hnZym-

`ymk coXn t_U≥ ]uh¬ h¿j-

ßƒ°v apºvXs∂ kvIuń¬ \S-

∏m°n F∂-dn-bp-tºm-gmWv _n.-]n.-

bpsS {]m[m-\yhpw Zo¿L-ho-£-

Whpw \ap°v Hc¤p-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv.

AXns‚ NphSv]nSn-®mWv Ct∏m-

gsØ ]cn-jvImcw F∂v {]ÿm-\-

hp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-h¿ Icp-Xp-∂p.

XXzm-[n-jvTn-X-amb Dt±-iy-e-

£y-ßsf {]mh¿Ø-nI-am-°m-\p≈

]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-ambn apt∂m-´p-t]m-

Ip∂ {]ÿm-\-amWv CXv.

iio-{μ≥ kn.-sI.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


6 86 86 86 86 8

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp Ifn F∂ \ne-bnepw Ahs‚

hy‡nXz hnI-k\ {]{In-b-bn¬ A\p-Iq-e-ambn {]Xn-

I-cn-°p∂ Hcp LSIw F∂ \ne-bn-ep-amWv Hcp Ipń

kvIuńwKv Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-Xv.

Hcp Ipń-bpsS kwL-Øn-te°v BZyw IS∂v

hcp∂ IÆn-bmWv AΩ. {ItaW ktlm-Zco ktlm-

Z-c-ßƒ, IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ, kvIqƒ, kaqlw F∂nh

IS∂vhcp-∂p. GXv kwL-Øn-em-bmepw Hcp hy‡n°v

Xs∂-∏-‰nØs∂ ]q¿W t_m[yhpw aXn∏pw Ds≠-

¶n¬ am{Xta Ahs‚ hy‡nXz hnI-k\w km[y-am-

hp-I-bp-≈q.

Iymºnse A\p-`hw Ipń-Isf hf-sc-tbsd

kzm[o-\n-°p-∂-Xmbn Ah-cn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

Ch¿ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kt¥mjw ]¶p-shbv°p-∂Xv

Iymºnse Pohn-X-Øn-\n-S-bn-em-Wv.

{]tXy-I-X-Iƒ:hy‡nXz hnIm-k-Øn\pw kaql \∑bv°pw DX-Ip-∂p.

Ipń-Iƒ°v t\XrXz ]cn-io-e\w \¬Ip-∂p.

kPoh ]ucXz ]cn-io-e-\-Øn\v klm-b-I-am-Ip∂p.

Btcm-Ky-ap≈ bph-P-\-Xsb hm¿sØ-Sp-°p∂p.

Ipń-Isf kXvkz-̀ m-h-ap≈hcmbn hf¿Øp∂p.

aXkulm¿±hpw aX-k-ln-jvWp-Xbpw ]pe¿Øp∂p.

PmXn aX h¿§ Nn¥-I-fn-√msX {]h¿Øn-°p∂p.

BXpc ip{iq-jm-cw-KØv tkh\w \¬Ip-∂p.

kzm{i-bXzpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw hf¿Øp-∂p.

anX-hy-b-ioew ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-∂p.

{]IrXn kwc-£-W-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬Ip-∂p.

s]mXp-ap-X¬ kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v klm-bn-°p-∂p.

kvIuńw-Knse \nb-ahpw {]Xn-⁄bpw Pohn-X-

Øns‚ `mK-am-bnsIm≠v\S-°p∂ kvIu´p-Iƒ°v

Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw ]cm-P-b-s∏-tS-≠-Xmbn hcp-

∂n√ F∂-XmWv CXns‚ {]m[m-\yw. aq∂v hb- v-ap-

X¬ acn-°p-∂Xv hsc {]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ah-kcw

\¬Ip∂ al¬{]ÿm-\-amWv kvIuńw-Kv. Ipń-Iƒ

BZy-ambn {]ÿm-\-Øn¬ tNcp-tºmƒ Ah¿°v

\¬Ip∂ e£yw cmPy-]p-c-kvIm¿ cmjv{S-]Xn

Ahm¿Up-Iƒ BWv. F∂m¬, kvIuńw-Kns‚

e£yw DØa ]ucXz ]cn-io-e-\-am-Wv. bph-P-\-ß-

fpsS Imbn-Ihpw _u≤n-Ihpw kmaq-ln-Ihpw Bflo-

b-hp-amb A¥xi‡n-Isf ]q¿Æambpw hnI-kn-∏n®v

Ahsc hy‡n-I-sf∂ \ne-bnepw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap≈

]uc-∑m¿ F∂ \ne-bnepw {]mtZ-in-Ihpw A¥¿tZ-

io-b-hp-amb kaq-l-ß-fnse AwK-ß-sf∂ \ne-bnepw

hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ kw`m-h\ \¬Ip-I-bp-amWv

kvIu´v ssKUv {]ÿm\w sNøp-∂-Xv. F√mwXs∂

kpμ-chpw ck-I-c-hp-amb Imcy-ßfmWv. cmPy-]p-c-

kvIm¿ cmjv{S-]Xn Ahm¿Up-Iƒ Ah¿°v In´p∂

AwKo-Im-c-ßƒ am{X-am-Wv.

aq∂v hb- n¬ BÏp-ńbpw s]Ïp-ńbpw

{]ÿm-\-Øn¬ IÆn-bm-bn- tN¿∂v {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.

]n∂oSv Ah-cpsS e£yw BÏpń ¢_v, s]Ïpń

_pƒ_pƒ BIpI F∂p-≈-Xpw XpS¿ {]h¿Ø-\-

Øn\v kvIu´v, ssKUv BhpI F∂Xpw AXn\v

tijw tdmh¿, sdbv©¿ Bbn-Øo-cpI F∂-Xm-bn-

cn-°pw bYm¿∞ e£y-Øn-te-°p≈ {]h¿Ø\

coXn.

Km‘nPn kz]v\w I≠ C¥ysb hm¿sØ-Sp-

°m≥ Hmtcm kvIu´v, ssKUp-Iƒ°v Ign-b-Ww.

Hmtcm C¥y-°m-c\pw Poh-izmkw t]mse amXr-cm-

PysØ kvt\ln-°-Ww. henbhs\t∂m sNdn-b-h-

s\t∂m hyXym-k-an-√msX F√m kap-Zm-b-°m-scbpw

HcΩ s]‰ -a-°-sf-t∏mse I≠v sFIy-Øn¬ Ign-b-

Ww. Btcm-Ky-ap≈ Hcp P\XbmWv Hcp cmPy-Øns‚

G‰hpw henb kº-Øv. \nXy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ thK-

X-bn¬ a\p-jy-kvt\lw t]mepw ad∂v, kz¥w

BtcmKyw t]mepw hI-shbv-°msX kº-Øns\

e£y-am°n ]mbp∂ P\-Xsb Km‘n-Pn -bpsS

PohnXw ]Tn-∏n-t°≠ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw t]mepw kvIu v́-

˛-ssK-Up-Iƒ C∂v Gs‰-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-bn-h-cp-∂p.

c£n-Xm-°ƒ F¥p-sIm≠v CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p?

Ipń-I-fn-ep≈ \∑-bnepw kvt\l, hnizm-k-ß-

fnepw A[n-jvTn-X-amb {]ÿm\w.

Ipń-I-fpsS Hgnhp-k-abw Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb Np‰p-

]m-Sn¬ hy‡nXz hnIm-k-Øn\pw kaql \∑°pw

DX-Ip∂ coXn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

\√-h-cmbn hf¿∂vIm-Wm≥ F√m c£n-Xm-°fpw

B{K-ln-°p-∂p.

Ipń-Iƒ°v sNdp{]mbØn¬Xs∂ t\XrXz ]cn-

io-e-\hpw amt\-Pvsa‚ v ]cn-io-e-\hpw e`n-°p-∂p.

"Xøm¿' F∂ ap{Zm-hmIyw {]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥

{ian-°p-tºmƒ Ipń-Iƒ°v Akm[yw F∂ hm°v

Hgnhm-bn- am-dp-∂p.

]pXnb hnZym-`ymk ]cn-jvI-c-W-Øn¬ kvIuńw-

Kn-\p≈ {]m[m\yw Dƒs°m≠v, ap≥hn-[n-tbm-sS-bp≈

{]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ "Xøm¿' Hcp LS-I-am-bn-am-d-s´.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


6 96 96 96 96 9

ImWmsXt]mb-hƒFÆn-bm¬ XocmØ

IÆp-I-fp-s≈m-sc˛

∂mIm-ita sNm√p...

Fßm\pw I≠pthm

ImWmsX t]msbm-sc≥

sIm®-\n-b-Ønsb \o?

\oe-bp-Sp-∏nse

Xqsh-≈-∏p-≈n-Iƒ

Xmc-I-sf-∂p-tXm∂mw

tImXn-sbm-Xp-°nb

hm¿ap-Sn-Øp-ºp-Iƒ

Im¿ap-In-se∂v tXm∂mw.

A{X Nncn-°n√

H∂v Nncn-°p-In¬

Aºn-fn-sb∂v tXm∂mw

A{X Ic-bn-√,

H∂v Ic-bp-In¬

]qa-g-sb∂v tXm∂mw.

tIgp∂ ]£nssIc-fn-b-Ω-X≥ am[p-cy-sa-ßv-t]mbv

]pg-Ifpw ]mS-hp-sa-ßvt]m-bn...

Xmcm-́ v-]m-́ ns‚ CuW-hp-sa-ßv-t]mbv

hoW-X≥ Iºn-I-sf-ßv-t]m-bn...

{]mWn-Iƒ°pw tht≠ ]£n-Iƒ°pw tht≠

F∂-Ω-X-∂psS kvt\lamw \mZhpw

]pXnb ]pe-cn-Iƒ hs∂-¶n-se∂psS

ae-bmf am[pcyw thsdXs∂

BcmWv \ΩpsS AΩsb hn‰Xv

hn‰-h¿°p-≠mb em`-sa¥v?

s]mń-®n-X-dnb IÏ-fm¬ t\m°ps∂m˛

c-⁄mX `mjsb th≠ th≠m...

\Ωƒs°m-cm-bp-[-amb ae-bmf˛

satßm-´v t]m-bn-sbm-fn-s®∂v sNm√pI.

A\y-ambv t]mhp-I-bm-sW≥ ae-bm-f˛

tam¿°pI \jvSw \ap°vXs∂!

]c-a-KoXw ]mSpw hoW-X≥ Iºn-I˛

fΩ-bv°p-th≠n apg-ßn-b-t√m.

AtΩ aS-ßpI F∂-Sp-sØ-ØpI

`qan-bn-eΩ hnf-ßo-Sp-hn≥...

_n_n≥ cmPv Aan\ Un.hn

Hcn-SØv Hcp alm-\mb Hcp k\ym-kn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. k\ym-kn°v a≠-∑m-cmb A©v in£y-∑m-

cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ GXv ka-bØpw hg-°m-Wv. a\p, IrjvW≥, A\-¥p, Poh≥, kp[o¿ F∂mWv

Ah-cpsS t]cv. Aßs\ Hcp Znhkw Ah¿ "F\n-°mWv F√m-h-tc-°mfpw _p≤n-bp≈sX'∂v ]d™v

]c-kv]cw X¿°n-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ k\ymkn h∂v ]d-™p: ""\nßƒ X¿°n-®n´v Imcy-an-√. \nßƒ

H∂n®v \n∂m¬ F¥pw -t\Smw sFI-aXyw alm-_ew F∂t√ sNm√v.'' Aßs\ Ah¿

HsØmcpatbmsS Ign-bm≥ XpS-ßn. Hcp Znhkw Kpcp-]-Xv\n ]d™p; ""F\n°v Xp∂m≥ Hcp kqNn

hmßn-s°m-≠p-h-cWw'' k\ymkn in£y-∑msc Ab-®p. kqNn hmßn-b-t∏mƒ A\¥p ]d-™p:

""sFI-aXyw alm-_ew F∂s√ sNm√v. Ah¿ kqNn-bn¬ F√m-hcpw ]nSn-®v -\-S-°m≥ XpS-ßn.

]t£, aq∂v t]¿°v ]nSn-°m≥ ÿe-an-√. a\p ]d-™p: ""CXv Hcp ac-s°m-ºn¬ IpØn \ap-s°-√m-

h¿°pw ]nSn-°mw.'' F√m-hcpw AXv kΩ-Xn®p. Ah¿ acw Xq°n-∏n-Sn-®v hoń-se-Øn. Kpcp-tNm-Zn-®p:

kqNn Fhn-sS? kqNn t\m°p-tºmƒ AXn¬ kqNn ImWp-∂n-√. Ah¿ At∏mgpw ]d™p: ""sFI-

aXyw alm-_ew'' F∂v. Ah-km\w ]mhw Kpcp-Xs∂ kqNn hmßm≥ t]mtI-≠n-h-∂p.

HsØm-cp-an-®m¬ \nJn¬. Fw

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 07 07 07 07 0

AΩp

H-cp sIm-®p Ip-Sp-_-Øn-se

Aw-K-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Ωp.- A-h-

ƒ ap-∂mw ¢m-kn-em-bn-cp-∂p ]-

Tn-®ncp-∂-Xv.A-h-fp-sS kv-Iq-ƒ

H-cp Ip-∂n-s‚ ap-I-fn-em-bn-cp-

∂p.- A-—-s‚ Iq-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p

A-h-ƒ kv-Iq-fn-¬-t]mIm-dv. A-

h-sf kv-Iq-fn-¬ hn-ń-´v A-—-≥

Ip-∂n-s‚ Xm-sg-bp-f-f a-c-°-º-

\n-bn-¬ tPm-en-°vt]m-Ipw. A-

Xm-Wv F-∂-tØ-bpw ]-Xn-hv.

A-—-≥, A-Ω, A-Ωp F-∂n-h-

c-S-ßp-∂ H-cp Ip-Sv-_-am-bn-cp-

∂p -A-h-cp-tS-Xv A-h-ƒ H-cp {]-

Ir-Xnkv-t\-ln-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xv-

sIm-≠v A-h-fp-sS ho-́ p-ap-‰-Øv

H-cp sIm-®p ]q-t¥m-´-hpw A-

Sp-°-f-`m-K-Øv H-cp sIm-®p ]-®-

°-dn-tØm-´-hpw A-h-fpw A-h-fp-

sS A-Ω-bpw IqSn D-≠m°n-bn-cp-

∂p.- H-cp Zn-h-kw A-h-ƒ kv-Iq-fn-

¬\n-∂v ssh-Ip-t∂-cw h-cp-tºm-

ƒ A-—-t\m-Sv t\m-´v_p-°v th-

W-sa-∂v ]-d-™p. A-t∏m-ƒ A-

—-≥ ]-d-™p, \m-sf a-cw sh-ń-

bn-́ v In-́ p-∂ Im-ip-sIm-≠v _p-°v

ta-Sn-®p-X-cm-sa-∂v. ]t£, A-h-ƒ

A-h-fp-sS A-—-t\m-Sv ]-d-™p; ""{]-

Ir-Xn-sb \-in-∏n-®n-´v In-´p-∂ Im-

ip-sIm-≠v F-\n-°v _p-°v th-≠

'' F-∂v . A-h-ƒ A-—-t\m-Sv th-

sd h-√ tPm-en-bpw A-t\zm-jn-®q-

sS F-∂v tNm-Zn-®p. ""A-—m, F-

∂m F-\n-°v _p-°v ta-Sn-®v X-cp-

I?'' A-t∏m-ƒ A-—-≥- H-∂pw ]-d-

™n-√. A-∂v ssh-Ip-t∂-cw A-

Ω-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√ A-h-sf sIm-≠p-

t]m-Im-≥ h-∂-Xv. A-hƒ A-—-s\

A-t\zjn-®p. A-—-≥ Su-Wn-

¬ t]m-b-Xm-sW-∂v A-Ω ]-d-

™p. A-ß-s\ A-©-dv Zn-h-

kw A-h-sf A-—-≥ kv-Ip-fn-¬

B-°p-I-tbm Iq-ń-s°m-≠p-h-

cp-I-tbm sN-bv-Xn-√. F-¥n-\v

A-h-ƒ A-—-s\ H-∂v t\-cn-¬

Im-Wp-I-t]m-epw sN-bv-Xn-√. H-

cp Zn-h-kw A-Ωp kv-Iq-fn-¬

\n-∂pw H-‰-bv-°m-bn-cp-∂p h-

∂-Xv. A-t∏m-ƒ A-h-fp-sS A-

Ω ]-d-™p ""A-Ωp th-Kw sN-

∂v ta-ep I-gp-In ]p-Xn-b D-Sp-

∏n-t´m-fq C-∂v A-—-s‚ ]p-Xn-

b I-S-bp-sS D-Zv-Lm-S-\-am-Wv''

F-∂v. A-Xp -tI-́ -t∏m-ƒ A-Ωp

tNm-Zn-®p, "F-¥v I-S-bm-Wv' A-

t∏m-ƒ A-Ω ]-d-™p: ""]p-kv-X-I-

ß-ƒ hn¬°p-∂ I-S-bm-Wv''. C-

Xv tI-´-t∏m-ƒ A-Ωp-hn-\v h-f-sc-

b-[n-Iw k-t¥m-jw tXm-∂n.-A-

h-¿ th-Kw A-—-s‚ ]p-Xn-b I-S-

bp-sS D-Zv-Lm-S-\-Øn-\v t]m-bn. A-

hn-sS sh-®v A-—-≥ A-h-ƒ-s°m-

cp _p-°v sIm-Sp-Øp. A-t∏m-ƒ

A-h-ƒ-°v h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw k-t¥m-

j-wtXm∂n a-c-ß-sf c-£n-®-Xn-

¬ kw-Xr-]v-Xn-bpw.

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sFiz-cy. _n.-]n.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 17 17 17 17 1

D]-t`mKkwkvIm-chpw]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw

tIcf kaqlw D]-t`mK

kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]nSn -bn¬

Aa¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ImgvN-bmWv

\mw C∂v ImWp-∂-Xv. \mw D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ km[\ kma-{Kn-

Iƒ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \ap°v

Bh-iy-ap-≈Xv Xs∂-bmtWm

F∂v Ft∏m-sg -¶nepw \mw

Nn¥n-®n-́ p-t≠m? Znh-khpw ]{X-

am-[y-a-ß-fnepw Zriy-]-c-ky-ß-

fnepw ImWp∂ hkvXp-h-l-Iƒ

hmßn-®v-Iq-́ pI F∂Xv Hcp ]‰w

kº-∂-cpsS hnt\m-Z-ambn amdn-

bn -cn -°p -I -bm -Wv . CØcw

Bƒ°m-tcmSv InS-]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-

\p -th≠n hcpwhcm-bvI-Iƒ

Btem-Nn-°msX km[m-cW

P\-ßfpw A\m-h-iy-ambn ]e-

X-c-Øn-ep≈ B[p-\nI D]-I-c-

W-ßfpw hmßn®pIq´p∂ {]h-

W-X-bmWv \mw ImWp-∂-Xv.

Xs‚ Ab¬°m¿ hmßn®

Hcp hkvXp -I-≠m¬ am¿°-

‰n¬\n∂v AXns\ sh√p-∂,

AXnepw ta∑-tb-dnb hkvXp

hm-ßpI F∂Xv tIc-fo-b-cpsS

]Xn-hmbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Cßs\ hmßp-hm≥ temsW-

Sp-°p-I-bmWv ]e-cpw sNøp-∂Xv.

XpS¿∂v hmßnb ISw Xncn-®-S-

bv°m≥ ]‰m-sX, kaq-l-Øn¬

A]-lm-ky-cmbn Ch¿ amdp-∂p.

a’-c-_p-≤ntbmsS Bh-iy-

Øn\pw A\m-h-iy-Øn-\p-ambn

hmßn-®p-Iq-́ p∂ ]e D]-I-c-W-

ßfpw kaq-lsØ {]Xn-Iq-e-

ambn _m[n-°p-∂p≠v. hml-\-

ß-fpsS FÆ-Øn¬ D≠mb

Aan-X-amb h¿≤-\hv A¥-co-

Fw. atljv

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 27 27 27 27 2

£-Øn¬ "Im¿_¨ ssUtbm-

IvsskUn's‚ h¿≤-\-hn\pw

tdmU-]-I-S-ßƒ°pw CS-bm-bn-

´p-≠v. ioXn-Icn-Wn-Iƒ ({^n-

UvPv) D]-tbm-Kn-°mØ hoSp-I-

fn∂v Zp¿e-`-am-Wv. Ch han-∏n-

°p∂ "¢qtdm ^vfqtdm

Im¿_¨ (kn F^v kn) A¥-

co-£-Øn¬ Ie-cm\pw A¥-

co£ Dujvamhv A\n-b-{¥n-X-

ambn h¿≤n-°m-\pw P\-ß-fn¬

A]q¿Δ tcmK-ßƒ hcp-Øp-

hm\pw CS-bm-°p-∂p. \mw D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ Fb¿ I≠o-j-

W¿ (F.-kn.) XpS-ßnb D]-I-c-

W-ßfpw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ A]-

I-S-ßƒ krjvSn-°pw.

hyh-kmbh¬°-c-W-Øn

s‚ `mK-ambn \n¿Ωn-°p∂ h

≥InS ^mIvS-dn-Iƒ A¥-co-

£sØ aen-\-am-°p-∂p. IqSm

sX ^mIvS-dn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw X

≈p∂ hnjmwiw Ie¿∂ aen-

\-Pew ]pg-I-fnepw Pe t{kmX-

p-I-fnepw Ie¿∂v ]pg-Ifpw

Pem-i-b-ßfpw a‰pw aen-\-amIp-

∂p. temI-Øn¬Xs∂, A¥-co-

£-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp -X¬

"kƒ^¿ssUtbm-IvsskUv'

I≠phcp-∂Xv Fd-Wm-Ipfw

Pn√-bnse Geq¿ F∂ {]tZ-i-

Øm-Wv. hyh-kmb ime-I-fpsS

B[n-Iy-amWv CXn\v Imc-Ww.

CXn-s\√mw ]pd-sa B[p-

\nI temIw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂

G‰hpw heob hn]-ØmWv Ce-

Ivt{Sm-WnIv amen-\y-ßƒ. \mw

D]-tbm-Kn®v Dt]-£n-°p∂

samss_¬ t^m¨, sSen-hn-

j≥ sk‰p-Iƒ, Im¬°pte-‰-dp-

Iƒ, Iºyq-́ -dp-Iƒ, knUn-Iƒ,

F∂n-h-bpsS `mcw Xmßm-\m-

hmsX ̀ pan ho¿∏vap-́ p∂ ImgvN

`mc-X-Øn¬ k¿h-km-[m-c-W-

ambn-ń -s√-¶nepw hntZ-iØv

k¿Δ-km-[m-cWamWv. a\p-jy¿

D]-Po-hn-X-Øn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂ `q{] -tZ -i -tØ-°mƒ

IqSpX¬ {]tZiw CØcw amen-

\y-ßƒ kwc-£n-°m-\mbn ̀ mhn-

bn¬ Is≠-tØ≠n-hcpw.

]cn -ÿnXn kwc£Ww

CØcw D]-t`m-K-kw-kvImc-

Øns‚ adp -h -i -sØbmWv

ImWn-°p-∂Xv. {]Ir-Xn-bnse

Ipf-ßfpw, ]p-g-I-fpw \ocp-d-h-

Ifpw hbep-Ifpw ImSp-Ifpw

{]IrXnXs∂ I\n-™-cp-fnb

Pekw`cWnIfmWv. a\p-jy¿

XXz-Zo-£-bn-√msX Ch \in-∏n-

®p-sIm≠n-cn°p-I-bmWv. C-Xv-

hgn a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ ih-°pgn

tXm≠p-I-bm-Wv. -] -cn -ÿnXn

kwc£n°m≥ \mw Htcm-cp -

Øcpw DØ-c-hmZs∏-´-h-cm-Wv.

hyh-kmbI imeIfpw

hml-\-ßfpw a‰pw ]pd-¥≈p∂

Im¿_¨ Utbm-IvsskUn" s\

ac-ßƒ BKn-I-cWwsNbvXv

HIvkn-P≥ A¥-co-£-Øn-te°v

hnSp -∂p. CXn-\m¬ ac-ßƒ

IqSpXembn \´p-]n-Sn-∏n-°m\pw

kwc-£n-°m\pw \mw {i≤n-°-

Ww.- ssP-h-co-Xn-bn-ep-ff Irjn

{]N-cn∏n-°p-I-h-gn -hn\miImcn-

I-fmb hf-ßsfbpw IoS-\m-in-

\n-I-sfbpw Dt]-£n-°m≥ \-

ap°v Ignbpw. "ItºmÃv' hf-

\n¿Ωm -Whpw D]-tbmhpw

t{]m’m-ln-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-Nn-́ -

bmb PohnX{Iaw Xs∂-bmWv

]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£-W-Øns‚

apJy- LSIw.

airtickets@lowest possible rate

Travel & Tours (India) Pvt. Ltd.Arayadathpalam, Mavoor Road, Calicut. Phone : 4085000 (30 lines)

RIYA TRAVELS-FOR VISA PROCESSING RIYA HOLIDAYS - TOUR PACKAGERIYA FOREX - MONEY CHANGER RIYA CONNECT - ONLINE AIR TICKET BOOKING

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○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 37 37 37 37 3

_k-d-bn¬ jmP-lm≥ F∂ Hcp

cmPmhp≠m-bn-cp∂p. B cmPmhv hfsc

ka¿∞\pw X{¥-im-en-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- cm-Py-Im-

cy-ß-fn¬ At±-l-Øn-s\∂pw D≥ta-j-ap-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p.- A-Xp-sIm≠vXs∂ cmPyw hnI-kn-®n-´p-

ap-≠v.

Hcp Znhkw Hcp kwLw {Kmao-W¿ At±-

lsØ apJwImWn®v ]cm-Xn-s∏-´p:""{]t`m,

RßfpsS {KmaØnent∏mƒ ISpØ £ma-am-

Wv. Rßƒs°√mw GI B{ibw {Kmam-

Xn¿Øn-bnse Htc-sbmcp InW-dmWv. ]t£,

AXpw Ct∏mƒ h‰p-sa-∂ A-h-ÿ-bn-emWv

\n¬°p-∂Xv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Xncp-a-\ v ap≥I-

sø-SpØv Hcp \√ s]mXp-In-W¿ Ipgn-∏n-®p-X-

cWw.'' \√-h-\mb cmPmhv ]pXn-b- In-W¿

\n¿Ωn-°m≥ DØ-c-hn-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bfp-

Iƒ Bth-i-`-cn-X-cm-bn.

BgvNIƒ Ign™p. InW¿ \n¿ΩmWw

]q¿Øn-bmbn. AXns‚ DZvLm-S\-Øn-\mbn

cmPmhpw ]cn-hm-c-ßfpw h∂p. InW-dns‚ ASp-

sØØn AXns‚ Np‰pw ItÆm-Sn® At±lw

kt¥mjhm\m-bn. -]s£, s]-s´∂v At±-l-

Øns‚ apJ-`m-hw- amdn.k-t¥mjØn\p ]Icw

tZjy-ambn. H¥ns‚ \ndw amdp∂ t]mse!

InW-dn-seØnt\m°nb At±lw tIm]w

sIm≠v hnd-®p.- A-t±lw Aedn: ""lpw,

BcmWv Cu InW¿ ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®Xv? F{Xbpw

s]s´∂v Abmsf \ΩpsS apºn¬ lmPcm-

bYm¿∞A-h-Imin

\mZn¿

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 47 47 47 47 4

kn.-F≥. hnP-b-Ir-jvW≥{]kn-U≠v

Imen-°‰v kn‰n k¿Δokv tIm -̨Hm-∏-td-‰ohv _m¶vkmaq-Xn-cn-b≥kv kvIzb¿, sdbn¬th tÃj≥ en¶v tdmUv, tImgn-t°mSv

t^m¨: 2306311, 3253500.

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cmhnse 8 aWn apX¬ cm{Xn 8 aWn hsc ]W-an-S-]mSp kuIcywC¥y-bn-se-hn-tS°pw G‰hpw Ipd™ \nc-°n¬ Unam‚ v {Um^v‰v kuIcywF√m {_m©p-I-fnepw (Im-c-∏-dºv {_m©v Hgn-sI) tk^v Unt∏m-kn‰v tem°¿ kuIcyw

kn‰n tKmƒUv ]h\v 7000 cq]-hsc \nan-j-ßƒ°p-≈n¬ hmbv]kz¿Æ-]-Wb CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ 9.30 apX¬ 5 aWn-hsc24 aW-n°qdpw Xpd∂p {]h¿Øn-°p∂ \oXn saUn-°¬ tÃm¿(tIm-gn-t°mSv saUn-°¬ tImf-Pn\v kao-]w, t^m¨: 3204378)

`cWkan-Xn-°p-th≠n

""Cu \Kcw kn‰n _m¶n-s\m∏w''

kmPp sPbnwkvsk{I-´-dn

Main Branch - 3253500Thiruvannur Br. - 3253511NGO Quarters - 3253522Francis Road Br. - 3253533

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°pI!'' AhnsS IqSn-b-h-

sc√mw cmPm-hns‚ tIm]-Øm-

ep-ff t\m´w I≠v `b-∂p-

t]mbn. Im-cWw, Ct∂-hsc

cmPmhv Bscbpw tIm]-

tØmsS t\m°n-bn-ń-√m-bn-cp-

∂p.

cmPmhv ho≠pw tk\-m\m-

b-I-t\mSv tIm]n®vsIm≠v

]d™p. ""F¥m tNmZn-®Xv

tIńt√? CXn-{Xbpw tami-

amb coXn-bn¬ \n¿Ωn-®-Xm-

cmsW∂v? t]Sn-®p -hn-d®

tk\m-\m-b-I≥ {Kma-Øe-hs\

ImWn®v At±-l-am-Wn-Xn\v

ta¬t\m´w hln-®-sX∂v

Xo¿Øv-]-d-™p. -F-∂m¬ {Kma-

Ø-e-h≥ Hgn™vamdns°m≠v

sIm´mcw sk{I-´-dn-bmWv

CXv{]-Imcw ]Wn-bm-\m-⁄m-

]n-®-sX∂v ]d™v Abmƒ

c£-s∏-´p. HSp-hn¬ CXns‚

DØ-c-hm-ZnØw sIm´mcw

tIm¨{Sm-Iv‰¿ A_p-hn-se-

Øn.- K-Xy-¥-c-an-√msX A_p-

hn-\Xv kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-∂p.

DSs\ cmPmhns‚ apJ-

`mhw amdn. At±-lw- A_p-

hns\ X-∂n-te°v ASp-∏n-®p-

sIm≠v ]d-™p: ""A_q!,

Xs‚ πm\nwKv \∂m-bn-´p-≠v.

\ap°v henb kt¥m-j-ap≠v.

CXm Hcp sNdnb kΩm\w!

Hcp henb ]W-°n-gn-\o-ń-

s°m≠v cmPmhv XpS¿∂p.""Cu

kΩm-\-Øns‚ bYm¿∞

AhImin Bcm-sW∂dnbm≥

Hcp ]co-£Ww \S-Øn-b-

XmWv \mw''. AXmWv \mw

t£m]n-®-Xv.- a-dn®v, CXv

\∂mbn F∂v ]d-™p-sIm-

≠mWv \n¿Ωm-Xm-hns\

At\zjn-®-sX-¶n¬

\n¿ΩmXmhmsW∂v ]d™v

Ht´sd t]¿ cwKØv hcpambn-

cp-∂p.- At∏mƒ bYm¿∞-

\n¿Ωm-Xm-hm-cm-sW∂v a\- n-

em-hp-Ibpw C√.''

a‰p-f-f-h¿ Cfn-`y-cmbn

t\m°n-\n¬t°,- A_p kΩm-

\hpw kzoI-cn®v cmPm-hn\v

\μn ]d-™p-sIm≠v A`n-am-\-

]q¿Δw \nh¿∂p-\n-∂p.

Hcp ¢mkv 1 kvs]j¬ t{KUv _m¶v

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 57 57 57 57 5

Hm¿Øp kXo-¿∞y-sc, -H-cn-°¬IqSn Rm≥B NpSp-Im-s‰-∂n¬ h∂v -X-gp-Ip-tºmƒ

AIse Db¿∂v-s]m-ßp-s∂m-cp-Iq´wsIńSw Fs∂ t\m°n Nncn-°p-∂nXm ho≠pw\msf Fs∂bpw XI¿sØ-dn-™p-sIm-≠-h-\psStkmZ-c-\n-hnsS Db¿∂v-s]m-ßp-sa-t∂m¿Ønt´m?òXnX≥ Akp-J-ta-InSpw Ccp-fn∂v F≥ NnØ-amsI

\nds™mgp-Io-Sp-tºmƒ, -Hm¿Øp-Rm-s\m-cn-°¬IqSn-bm˛\√ \mfp-I-ƒ F\n-t°-Inb kXo¿∞ysc; XWp-∏m¿∂ssII-fm¬ Fs∂ ]pW¿∂p-s°m-≠n°nfnIqńb aμ-am-cp-Xs\.Hm¿Øp-t\m-°p-∂p-Rm≥, ]®-]-´p-SpØ F≥ tZl-am-sI-bpw,a™∏pf-fn-Ifpw h∂vtNcp-∂n-Xm, -C-cp-ńepw amcn-bnepw

òXn \ndbv-°p-s∂mcp CSn-an-∂¬ ]nW-dnepwF≥ a\-Xm-cn¬ ss[cy-ta-Inb i‡n-t]mepwCs∂-∂psS Cubhÿbn¬ ]cn-X-]n-°p-∂-Xn√.ZpjvS-cpsS ssII-fn¬\ns∂s∂ ImsØmsc≥XmX\mw ae-\n-c-Iƒ Cs∂≥ \ne-hn¬ am{Xw.

{]Ir-Xnbmw F∂psS IpSpw-_-Øn-e-s∂m-cm-ń≥˛tXme∂ns™mcp sN∂mb h∂p,a[p-hqdpw Ah-\psS hm°p-Iƒ F∂psS a\- m-sI-b∂v Ih¿s∂-SpØp.am\-h-\m-a-hs\ \ºns°m≠∂v aa s\√vhnfbmw X\-bsc Ah\v ka¿∏n®p Rm≥

kvt\l-aqdpw ]cn-N-c-W-ßƒ F\n-t°In hf¿∂ Ah\psSa\- n-set∂m Rmt\mcp im]-ambn tXm∂n-t∏m-bn.Ahs‚ hnI-k-\-k-¶¬]-Pm-e-I-ß-fpsS ap∂n¬im]-am-sam-cm-gn-bmsbs∂ Icp-Xn-b-h≥F≥ Acpa tkmZcsc Hs∂m-∂mbn \in-∏n-®-h-s\mcp\m˛

sf-s∂bpw IpcpXn \¬InSpw \mi-Øn\vAh-\psS \ocmfn∏nSp-Ø-Øn¬\ns∂s∂c£n-°p-hms\mcp c£-I-\n-s√-\n°vC∂v Rm≥ Bin∏q Aar-X-h¿j-Xp-eyamwsXfn-\o-cp-sIms-≠≥ amcnbmw tkmZ-c≥

H∂p hs∂-∂-cn-In¬ AW-s™-¶n-se-∂vXWp-∏m¿∂ ssII-fm¬ Fs∂ ]pW¿∂n-cp-s∂≥aμ-am-cp-X≥ C∂v hs∂-∂-cn-In-eqsShnj-∏q-Itb-¥nb NqSm¿∂ ssII-fm¬XgpIn IS∂vt]mbn-Sp-tºmƒ,- i-]n∏q Rm≥

temI--\mYs\, Fs¥-∂m¬ F\n-t°-In-b-h≥Cu \cIXpeyPohnXw, F¶n-ep-an∂oPohn-X-Øn¬ F\n-°m-{ibw B]g-b-Im-e-Øn¬ a[p-c-am-tam¿Ω-Iƒ am{Xw...

Hm¿ΩbpsSAgn-°q-ń¬

dq_n ]¿Δo¨

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 67 67 67 67 6

ag -h-∂-t∏mƒag- h-t∂, -a-g -ht∂

]md-ap-I-fn¬ ag -ht∂

ag-sb-tØSn h∂ ac-ßƒ

\rØwsNøm≥ XpS-ßpt∂

CSn-ap-g°w tI´v Infn-Iƒ

X≥ IqSv tXSn ]d-°pt∂

ag -h-t∂, -a-g -ht∂

ae-ap-I-fn¬ ag -ht∂.

IqSn-√mØÆm≥IqSn-√m-Ø-Æms\ hmhm-hm....

IqSp-hm≥ Rms\mcp IqSv-XcmwBSnbpw ]mSnbpw ama-c-®n-√-bn¬HSn°fn°phm≥ H∂vhmtbm.

amº-g-®n-√-bn¬ \n∂v thKwamºgw H∂n-ßn-´p-Xmtbm

AÆm-c-°-Æm H∂vthKw

F≥IqsS HmSn°-fn-°q hmtbm.

B\-°mgvNB\- h-cpt∂, B\- h-cpt∂

Bt\sS apI-fn¬ Rm\pwBbncw Bfp-Iƒ ImWp∂pAtΩ AtΩ Rm≥ h∂p

Bfp-Iƒ sImń-c-kn-°p∂pRm\pw sImń-c-kn-°p∂p

Bfp-Iƒ Nn¬ Nn¬ ]mSp∂pRm\pw Nn¬Nn¬ ]mSp-∂p.hmWhpw ]S-°hpw s]m´p∂p

Rm\p-a-Xn¬ ckn-°p∂pshfn-®-∏m-Sp-Iƒ Xpf-fp∂p

Fs‚ a\ pw Xpf-fp∂pBdm´p IS-hn¬ NmSp∂pRm\pw IqsS NmSp∂p.

kz]v\whm\-Øn-te°v Rm≥ t\m°nb t\cw

hm\-amsI \ndw aßn\n∂p

Im¿taLw aqSn-∏p-X-®p-d-ßp∂

hm-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw

Hcn-‰p- a-gØp-f-fn -Xm-tg-°v -t]m∂p

agØp-ffn F≥ inc-kn¬ hogvsI,

F≥ ico-c-amsI tImcn-Ø-cn-®p-t]m-bn.

Hcp sNdp- ]p-©n-cn-bp-ambn Rm≥ \n¬°sh

s]s´-∂Xm Hcp sh´-hp-ambv an∂¬

an∂-en≥IqsStbm, Kwòc i_vZanSn-ap-g°n

sRń Rm≥ t\m°th

F≥ Np‰pw Iqcn-cp-´-√m-sXm-∂p-an-√.

AΩbpa—-\p-tam-Sn-h-s∂-∂-cnsI Ccp-∂p.

AΩ-bpsS a[pcw \nd™ Xmcm´v tI´vRm≥

]ns∂bpw kz]v\-Øn¬

apßn-a-b-ßn-t∏mbv.

Fs‚ PohnXwIc-bp-I-bm-sW≥ PohnXw!

kvt\ln-°m-\m-cp-an√! Fs∂,

Hma\n-°m\mcp-an√! kvt\˛

lØn≥ hm°p-I-fn√. ]Icw

ZpJxØn≥ hm°p-Iƒ am{Xw

F∏gpw tIƒ°p∂ ZpxJw,

hm°p-Iƒ, F∂pw a\˛

n¬ ambmsX InS-∂p-t]mbn

F≥ PohnXta,

Rm≥ ]mSn-Sp∂, F-¥n\v

\oh∂p i]n-°p∂ Pohn-Xta!

Fs∂ am‰n-a-dn-°p∂ Pohn-Xta

Hcn-°epw kvacn-°n√ \ns∂ -Rm≥,

Ic-bp-I-bm-sW≥ Pohn-Xw,

Bin®-Xp-In-´m-sX˛

Ae-bp-I-bmWv Rm≥!

A-RvP-\. Sn

A-RvPp

Iiy]v h¿Ω. sI. kn.

sl∂ kp¬Øm\

keo\ ̂ mØna

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 77 77 77 77 7

\mta-hcpw a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-́ -h-cm-

Wv.- A-Xp-sIm≠v \mw tem-I-Øns‚ \∑bv°pw

kam-[m\Øn\pw th≠n {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-h-cpam-

Wv. a-\p-jy-sc-√m-hcpw kz¥w h¿§-Øn¬s]-´-

hscØs∂ C√m-bva-sN-bvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. C-

ßs\ t]mbm¬ temI-k-am-[m\w F∂v ]d-bp-

hmt\ \ap°m-Iq. -A-sXm-cn-°epw Dƒs°m-f-f-

phm≥ km[n°n√.

amthen \mSp-hm-WoSpw Imew

am\pjysc√m-cp-sam-∂pt]mse

F∂ Cu Cuc-Sn-Iƒ ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°v lrZn-ÿ-

am-Wv.- ]t£, C∂sØ ÿnXn hfsc hyXy-

ÿamWv. -Pm-Xn, -a-Xw, -h¿§w, -cm-jn-{Sobw XpS-

ßn-bh \ΩpsS kaq-Zm-bsØ _‘n-®n-Sp-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ B _‘\Øn¬\n∂v

\ΩpsS kap-Zm-bsØ tamNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ \mw H‰-

s°-́ mbn {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xp≠v. \Ωp-sS- \m-́ nse

apgp-h≥ P\-ßfpw a\pjykam-[m\w \ne\n¿

Øm-≥ {ian-°-Ww.- ap-Xn¿∂ P\-X-sb- \-ap°v Hcn-

°-epw- am-‰n-sb-Sp-°m≥ km≤y-a√. AYhm, km[n-

am\h kap-Zm-bhpwtemI kam-[m-\hpw

BXn-c. Un.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 87 87 87 87 8

°p-sa-¶n¬ AXv hfsc ITn-\-am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm≠v

Cu Bibw \Ωƒ sIm®p-Ip-ń-Iƒ°v ]Tn-∏n-®p-

sIm-Sp-°-Ww.- ap-Xn¿∂htc-°mƒ Gsd Ipń-

Iƒ°v AXv a\- n-em-°m\p-ff Ign-hp-≠v.

temI-{]-ikvX Ihn-bmb cho-{μ-\mY SmtKm¿

Xs‚ kmlnXyk]-cy°v ]pdsa Hcp \√ hnZym-

`ymk hnZ-Kv≤≥ IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p. A-tZlw

a\pjy kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ tamN-\-Øn-\v-th≠n Gsd

{]b-Xv\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. -k-ap-Zmbw Ht∂-bp-f-

fp-sh∂pw AXv am\-h-k-ap-Zm-b-am-sW∂pw temI-

amIp∂ IpSpw-_-Øn-se AwKß-fmWv Xß-sf-

∂p -ap -ff t_m[w Htcm hnZym¿∞nbnepw

krjvSns®-Sp-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\p Ign-™p.

temI kam-[m-\-Øn-s\-∏-‰n-bpw H´-\h[n

{KŸ-ßƒ cNn-®n-´pf Hcp almhy‡nIqSn-bm\v

At±lw. CXn\p]pdsa At±lw ÿm]n® hniz-

`m -cXn F∂ Iem-ebw H´-\-h[n C¥y≥

]uc≥am¿°v am¿§Z¿in-bm-bnØo¿∂p. -b-{X

hnizw ̀ htXyI\oUw (temIw ChnsS Hcp ]£n-

°pSv t]mse ̀ hn-°p∂p) F∂v AtZlw hniz-`m-

c-Xn-bpsS Ihm-S-Øn¬ FgpXnsh®n-´p≠v. ae-bm-

f-Øns‚ {]nb- I-hn-bmb hf-f-tØmƒ temIta

Xd-hmSv, AXm-bXv, temI-am-Ip∂ Xd-hmńse

AwK-ß-fmWv \Ωƒ F∂v DZvtLm-jn-®p. Ata-

cn-°≥ cmjv{SX{¥⁄\mb F®v. -Pn. -sh¬kv

temI-N-cn{X kw{Klw F∂ {KŸw Fgp-Xp-I-

bp≠m-bn.

am‰phn≥ N´-ßsf kzbw As√-¶n¬ am‰p-

aXv \nß-sfØm≥ F∂v Ipam-c-\m-im≥ ]d-™n-

´p-≠v.- A-tZlw Fgp-Ønb Cu c≠v hcn-Iƒ temI

P\X AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- Im-cWw, AtZlw

]d-™-Xp-t]mse \ΩpsS ioe-ßƒ am‰-Ww,-

A-s√-¶n¬ AXv \Ω-sf-Øs∂ am‰p-sa-∂m-Wv.

Cu hcn-Iƒ hfsc A¿∞-h-Øm-b-Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS

Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn-te°v \mw Xncn-™v-t\m°nbm¬ H -́

\-h[n ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ hcp-tØ-≠n-h-cpw.- A-

Xp-t]mseØs∂ temI-k-am-[m-\-Øn-\p-th≠n

\mw ]cn-{i-an-°-Ww.

ao\p-hn\v hb v ]Xn-s\m-t∂-bp≈q. Ah-sfmcp

IpSpw-_-\m-Y-bmWv. Ign™ c≠v h¿j-ambn Ah-

fpsS IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Npa-Xe Ahƒ°m-Wv.- I-cn-

¶¬ sXmgn-em-fn-I -fm-bn-cp∂ apcp-I-s‚bpw a√n-I-

bp-sSbpw aI-fmWv ao\p. Nn-¥phpw AΩp-hp-amWv

Ah-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ, Hcp Znhkw ]Wn-°-

t]mb AΩbpw A—\pw Icn¶¬aS-bnep≠mb

Hcp A]-I-S-Øn¬ acn-®p.- ]-s≠tßm Ib-dn-h∂

Hcp ss]°n-Smhv Ahsc ]ń-Wn-bn¬\n∂v c£n-

®p. -C-t∏mƒ ao\p ]mep-hn-‰n-´mWv Ah-fpsS Ah-

fpsS IpSp_w t\m°p-∂Xv. F√m hnńepw ]Xnhv

t]mse ]mev hn‰v hcp-tºmƒ, Ah-km\w ]mev-

sIm-SpØ hoń¬\n∂v Ahƒ°v Ah-fp-sS- Iq-en-

Inń. ho-ń-te°v hcp∂ hgn shffw.. sh≈w...

F∂v ]d™v Ic-bp∂ Hcp sNdnb Ipńsb≠p.

B Ip™v Ah-fpsS ASp-tØ°v h∂p. -A∂v

Inńb IqensbSpØv Ahƒ B Ip™n\v `£

Ww hmßns°m-Sp-Øp. \ns‚ AΩ FhnsS

bmsW∂v tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ, F\n°v AΩbpw

A—\pan-s√∂v Ipń DØcw \¬In.- A-∂v ap-X¬

Ahƒ B Ipńsb Xm≥ Xma-kn-°p∂ sIm®p

IpSn-en-te°v hnfn-®p-sIm≠vt]mbn. A-h-fpsS

ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ B Ip-ńsb c≠v-ssIbpw \oń

kzoI-cn-®p. A∂v apX¬ ao\p B Ip-™ns\ Xs‚

IqS-∏n-d-∏n-s\-t]mse kvt\ln®v kwc-£n-®p. -

A\p F∂ t]cpw \¬In.

ktlm-Z-c-ßƒA¿∞\

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


7 97 97 97 97 9

- ]qt¥m´w Htcm aecpw hncn™p \n∂p

ie-`-ß-sf√mw ]d∂p h∂p

tNmº-Iw,- ]q-ap-√,- sN-ń-s®-Sn-Ifpw

sX®nbpw ]n®nbpw ]qØp-e-™p.

h≠p-I-fm-\μ∏m´v -]mSn

sNº-I-∏q-hn-en-cp-∂p-sIm≠v

]qØpºn ]mdn-∏-d-∂v -h∂p

]pt¥≥ IpSn-®v -c-kn-®p-\n-∂p.

Im¿sX-∂-e-ßnßv hoin-b-t∏mƒ

]qhp-Iƒ B\-μ-\r-Ø-amSn

]£n-I-fm-Àm-Z-∏m-´v ]mSn

abn-ep-Iƒ kt¥m-j-\r-Ø-amSn

Ipń-Iƒ ]mSn-°-fn-®n-cp∂

]qt¥m-´-sa-s¥mcp `wKn-bm-Wv.

Aizn≥ sP. ]njmtcm-en≥\mYv ]n.

Ben-e-°-Æ≥Ben-e-X-∂n¬ ]f-fn-bp-d-ßp∂

]oen-°-Æp-I-fp-s≈mcp amb-°-Æm

\n≥ HmS°p-g-ens‚ \mZ-Øn≥ IqsS-sb≥

izmk-Øn≥ Xm-fhpw tN¿∂n-Ss´

\n-sbmcp P∑-ap-s≠-¶n¬ Rm≥ \n∂psS

Xrss°bn¬ shÆbmbv amdn-Ss´

Im¿taL-h¿Æm -\n≥ hrμm-h-\-Ønse

Hcp \dp ]pjv]-ambn amdn-Ss´.

\ΩpsS `mj\ap-s°√mw Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-t]mse \ΩpsS `mj, ae-bmfw, hfsc at\m-l-c-

amWv. `mj-I-fn¬ G‰hpw \√Xv F∂ hnti-jWwt]mepw ae-bm-f-Øn\v tNcpw.

ae-bm-fsØ ]pIgvØn ]e Ihn-Ifpw ]mSn-bn-́ p≠v. AtX, A{X-kp-μcamWv \ΩpsS

`mj. F∂m¬, Nnet∏m-sg-¶nepw \mw \ΩpsS ae-bm-fsØ am‰n-\n¿Øn AXns\

XcwXmgvØp∂nt√? Xo¿®bmbpw, £Wn°mØ AXn-Yn-sb-t∏mse Ibdnhcp∂

BwKtebw \ΩpsS ae-bm-fsØ Xcw-Xm-gvØp∂p. amdp∂ Pohn-X-ssi-en-I-fpw-

kw-kvIm-chpw k{º-Zm-b-ßfpw, ]m-T-]p-kvX-I-ßfpw CXn¬ Hcp ]¶v-h-ln-°p-∂p-

s≠-¶nepw {][m-\-ambpw ae-bm-fn-IƒXs∂-bmWv CXn-s\√mw hfw-sh-®v-sIm-Sp-

°p-∂-Xv.- C-ßs\ t]mbm¬ \mw kvt\ln-°p∂ Cw•ojv \Ω-sfbpw \ΩpsS

at\m-l-c-amb ae-bm-f-sØbpw ]nSn-s®-Sp-°pw. ]≠v Cw•ojpIm¿ \ΩpsS \mSv

ssI°-em-°n-b-Xp-t]m-se. -AXpsIm≠v, \mw \ΩpsS ae-bm-fsØ kvt\ln-°-

Ww. \apt° \ΩpsS `mjsb c£n-°m-\m-hp.

enPp tPmkv

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○


8 08 08 08 08 0

""hmb-\- a-\p-jys\ ]q¿Æ-

\m-°p∂p'' Fs∂mcp alm≥ ]d-

™n-´p-≠v. ]t£, ae-bm-fn-Isf

kw_-‘n®v hmb-\mioew

ssZ\w-Zn\w Ipd-™p-h-cp-I-bm-

Wv. AXns‚ Imc-W-ß-sf-°p-

dn®v ]T\w \S-Øp-tºmƒ \nc-

h[n hkvXp-X-Iƒ \ap-°v ap-

ºn¬ sXfn-™v-h-cp-∂p. Ah-

bn¬ {][m-\hpw {]Y-a-hp-amb

Imcyw \ΩpsS Zriy{imhy am[y-

a-ß-fpsS hf¿®-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

B[p -\nI a\p -jys‚

PohnXw Xnc-t°-dn-b-Xm-Wv. H∂v

kzÿ-ambn \n¬°m≥ t\c-an-

√mØ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Ah-

\pt≠m hmbn®v sa\-°-Sm≥

t]mIp-∂p. \qdvIq´w Imcy-ßƒ

Np‰nepw InS-°p-tºmƒ ]pk-XvI-

hm-b-\-bn-eqsS kabw \jvS-s∏-

Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ah≥ B{K-ln-°p-

∂n-√. hnhckmt¶XnI hnZy-

bpsSbpw hnt\m-tZm-]m-[n-I-fp-

sSbpw hf¿® Xnc-t°-dnb Pohn-

XsØ kpK-a-am-°p-∂p.

as‰mcp {][m\ Imcy-ap-≈Xv,

C∂n-d-ßp∂ ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS

\ne-hm-cØI¿®-bm-Wv. hnjb

Zmcn-{Zyhpw `mh\mi‡n-bpsS

A`m-hhpw aqew ]e ]pkvX-I-

ßfpw hnc-k-ß-fmbn amdp-∂p.

A\p-I-c-Whpw Bh¿Ø-\hpw

]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS sIń-s\bpw

ań-s\bpw {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-

°p-∂p.

Adnhv t\Sm\pw B\μw

ssIh-cn-°m\pw a‰p- am¿§-ßƒ

[mcm-f-ap-≈-t∏mƒ h≥ hne-sIm-

SpØv Igºn√mØ ]pkvX-I-

ßƒ hmßn-hm-bn®v kabw If-

bp -hm≥ BcmsWmcp -ßp-I?

\ΩpsS hmb-\m-ioew Xf¿∂p

t]mb-Xns‚ GXm\pw Imc-W-ß-

fm-Wn-hnsS Is≠-Øp-hm≥ {ian-

®Xv. kq£va \nco-£-W-Øn¬

Ch bmYm¿∞y-ß-sf∂v a\- n-

em-°mw.

ae-bm-fn-I-fn¬hmb-\m-ioew Ipd-bp∂p

\ncp-]-a. sI

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