DROPOUT PREVENTION

Renee’ Henry

November 29, 2012

EDUC 303: Electronic Instructional Materials

Dr. Kariuki

WHAT IS DROPPING OUT ?

Most commonly, dropping out refers to a student quitting school before he or she graduates or avoiding entering a University. It cannot always be ascertained that a student has dropped out, as he or she may stop attending without terminating enrollmentMeans leaving a school or group for practical reasons, necessities, or disillusionment with the system from which the individual in question leaves.

 to find employment avoid bullying family emergencypoor gradesdepression and other mental illnesses unexpected pregnancy

REASONS WHY STUDENTS DROPOUT

bad environment lack of freedomboredom from lack of lessons relevant to their desired occupationsdislike of schoolfeeling unmotivated

Absenteeism being the most common

indicator of student disengagement and

a significant predictor of dropping out.

Low grades, discipline and behavior

problems, lack of involvement in class

and school activities, pregnancy, being

held back a grade or more.

WARNING SIGNS Students who transfer from another school, and

those who experience difficulty with the 9th grade

transition year.

Nearly 38 percent of the young adults said the

freedom students enjoy in high school contributed

to their disengagement. In addition to it being too

easy to skip class or join in activities outside of

school, “too much freedom” included the school’s

lack of order, discipline and rules; failure to

ensure students attend class; and inability to help

students feel safe.

WHAT STUDENT’S THINK

81 percent of the survey respondents said that if schools had provided opportunities for real-world learning

(internships, service learning projects, and other opportunities), it would have improved their chances of

graduating from high school.

Another 81 percent, wanted better teachers, while three-fourths wanted smaller classes with more

individualized instruction.

55 percent said more should be done to help students who had difficulty learning.

Only a little over half said they could go to a staff person for school problems and less than half had someone

in school to talk with about personal problems.

62 percent of the respondents said their school needed to do more to help students with problems beyond

school.

Approximately 70 percent of those surveyed said better communication between school and parents and

increased parental involvement in their child’s education are essential to keeping students in school.

The young adults said that more parental

involvement may have prevented their

dropping out. While 59 percent of their

parents were involved in their children’s

schooling, more than half of those were

involved “mainly for discipline reasons,”

according the report. Furthermore, the

majority of parents were unaware or just

somewhat aware of their child’s grades or that

they were about to leave school.

 Poor communication between the school and

parents was another contributor to students dropping

out. Only about half of the respondents said the

school contacted the home if they were absent; and

only 48 percent of the dropouts said “their school

contacted them or their parents to find out why they

left school or encourage them to return.”

“Nearly half of the respondents said their

parents’ work schedule kept them from knowing

more about what was happening at school.” While

68 percent said their parents got more involved

when they realized their child was likely to drop

out, by then it was too late

PARENTS WHO ARE NOT INVOLVED IN THEIR

CHILDREN’S EDUCATION

Parents serve as role models as they demonstrate the importance of community participation.Parents' involvement is a protective factor against adolescent tobacco use,  depression, eating disorders, academic struggles, and other problems. By staying involved with their child and/or teenager, parents can be a source of support, create a climate for discussing tough issues and serve as role models for responsible and empathic behavior.

BENEFITS OF PARENTS WHO ARE INVOLVED IN THEIR CHILDREN’S

EDUCATION

Parents can influence their children’s academic progress by encouragement, reinforcement, and modeling. 

Enhances children's self-esteem

Improves children's academic achievementImproves parent-child relationships

Helps parents develop positive attitudes towards school

Better understanding of the schooling process.

High School Dropout Statistics (US)

Total number of high school dropouts annually 3,030,000

Number of high school students who drop out each day 8,300

Percent of Americans with a high school diploma 85.3 %

Percent of all drop outs that happen in the ninth-grade 36 %

Percent of students who repeat the ninth-grade that go on to graduate 15 %

Percent of students in the largest 50 U.S. cities that graduate High School 59 %

Percent of US crimes that committed by a high school dropout 75 %

Amount of money a high school graduate will earn more than a drop out $260,000

Percent of black drop outs that have spent time in prison 60 %

Percentage of Hispanic dropouts that were due to a pregnancy 41 %

Percent of US jobs a high school dropout is not eligible for 90 %

DEMOGRAPHICS OF HIGH-SCHOOL DROPOUTS (PERCENT OF WHO DROP OUT)

National Rate 8.1 % Male 9.1 % Female 7 % African American 9.6 % Hispanic 17.6 % White 5.2 % Asian American 2.1 % Foreign Born 20.7 % Children of Foreign Born 13 %

Historical High School Dropout Rates

Year Total White Black Hispanic2009 8.1 5.2 9.6 17.62005 9.4 6 10.4 22.42000 10.9 6.9 13.1 27.81995 12 8.6 12.1 301990 12.1 9 13.2 32.41985 12.6 10.4 15.2 27.61980 14.1 11.4 19.1 35.21975 13.9 11.4 22.9 29.21970 14.6 12.3 21.3 34.3

National = 69%White = 77%African American = 54%Hispanic = 56%Asian American = 81%Indian American = 51%

Each year, approximately 1.3 million students

fail to graduate from high school; more than half

are students of color. The graduation rate among

students of color is as much as twenty-five

percentage points below their white peers.

A student within the age range of sixteen to

twenty-four years old who comes from the lowest

quartile of family income is about seven times

more likely to have dropped out of high school

than his/her counterpart who comes from the

highest quartile

CON T’ STATIST ICS O N W HY STUDENTS DR O PO U T

USA (in 2007)

far too many students are not graduating on time with a regular diploma; low-income and students

of color fare the worst in the dropout epidemic

Dropouts suffer from reduced earnings

and lost opportunities; there are also

significant social and economic costs to

the rest of the nation.

If the United States‘ likely dropouts

from the Class of 2006 had graduated,

the nation could have saved more than

$17 billion in Medicaid and expenditures

for uninsured health care over the course

of those young people‘s lifetimes.

WHAT ARE THE COSTS OF DROPPING OUT OF HIGH

SCHOOL?If U.S. high schools and colleges were to

raise the graduation rates of Hispanic,

African American, and Native American

students to the levels of white students by

2020, the potential increase in personal

income would add more than $310 billion

to the U.S. economy.

Over the course of his or her lifetime, a

high school dropout earns, on average,

about $260,000 less than a high school

graduate

CONT’ WHAT ARE THE COSTS OF DROPPING OUT

OF HIGH SCHOOL?Increasing the graduation rate and college matriculation of male students in the United States by just 5 percent could lead to combined savings and revenue of almost $8 billion each year by reducing crime related costs .Dropouts from the Class of 2010 alone will cost the nation more than $337 billion in lost wages over the course of their lifetimes.

Mentoring/Tutoring- one-to-one caring, supportive

relationship between a mentor and a mentee that is

based on trust. Tutoring, also a one-to-one activity,

focuses on academics and is an effective way to

address specific needs such as reading, writing, or

math competencies.

Service Learning- connects meaningful community

service experiences with academic learning. This

teaching/learning method promotes personal and

social growth, career development, and civic

responsibility and can be a powerful vehicle for

effective school reform at all grade levels.

WAYS TO PREVENT STUDENTS FROM DROPPING OUT

After School Opportunities- Many schools

provide after-school and summer enhancement

programs that eliminate information loss and

inspire interest in a variety of areas. Such

experiences are especially important for students

at risk of school failure.

Early Childhood Education -   The most effective

way to reduce the number of children who will

ultimately drop out is to provide the best

possible classroom instruction from the

beginning of their school experience.

Early Literacy Development- Early interventions to help

low-achieving students recognize that focusing on

reading and writing skills is the foundation for effective

learning in all subjects.

Professional Development- Teachers who work with

youth at high risk of academic failure need to feel

supported and need to have an avenue by which

they continue to develop skills, techniques, and learn

about innovative strategies.

Active Learning- When educators show students that

there are different ways to learn, students find new and

creative ways to solve problems, achieve success, and

become lifelong learners.

CONT’ WAYS TO PREVENT STUDENTS FROM DROPPING OUT

Educational Technology - Technology offers some of the

best opportunities for delivering instruction that

engages students in authentic learning, addresses

multiple intelligences, and adapts to student’s learning

styles.

Individualized Instruction- A customized individual

learning program for each student allows teachers

flexibility with the instructional program and

extracurricular activities.

Making the Most of the Wider Community- Students

who come to school bring traces of a wider community;

when students leave school, either before or after

graduation, they return to the community.

Systemic Renewal- Systemic renewal calls for a continuing process of evaluating goals and objectives related to school policies, practices, and organizational structures as they impact a diverse group of learners.School-Community Collaboration- When all groups in a community provide collective support to the school, a strong infrastructure sustains a caring environment where youth can thrive and achieve prepare them for the larger demands of today’s workplace.

CONT’ WAYS TO PREVENT STUDENTS FROM DROPPING

OUT Career and Technical Education- A quality guidance program is essential for all students. Safe Schools- Violence prevention means providing daily experiences at all grade levels that enhance positive social attitudes and effective interpersonal skills in all students.

CONT’ WAYS TO PREVENT STUDENTS FROM DROPPING

OUT Family Engagement- Research consistently finds that

family involvement has a direct, positive effect on children’s

achievement and is the most accurate predictor of a

student’s success in school.

Alternative Schooling- provides potential dropouts a

variety of options that can lead to graduation, with

programs paying special attention to the students’

individual social needs and the academic requirements

for a high school diploma

Individualized Instruction- A customized individual

learning program for each student allows teachers

flexibility with the instructional program and

extracurricular activities

DROP-OUT PREVENTION VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qjs-WhKxfM

WEBSITES

I. http://www.all4ed.org/files/HighSchoolDropouts.pdf

II. http://www.statisticbrain.com/high-school-dropout-statistics/

III. http://www.americaspromise.org/our-work/Dropout-Prevention.aspx

IV. http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/MSDE/divisions/studentschoolsvcs/student_services_alt/alternative_programs/

V. http://www.betterhighschools.org/docs/nhsc_approachestodropoutprevention.pdf

THE END !!