DTM truong hoc

7/31/2019 DTM truong hoc

1/79

CQUANGIODCPHPTINCNGOI-AEFE

BO CONH GI TC NG MI TRNG

DNU TXYDNG TRNG HC PHP

PHNG LONG BNH, QUN 9, THNH PHHCH MINH

THNHPHHCHMINH,THNG11NM2007


2/79

CQUANGIODCPHPTINCNGOI-AEFE

BO CO

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

DNU TXYDNG TRNG HC PHP

PHNG LONG BNH, QUN 9, THNH PHHCH MINH

THNHPHHCHMINH,THNG11NM2007


3/79

MC LC

MU.................................................................................................................................... 1

I - XUT XCA DN ..................................................................................................... 1II - CN CPHP LUT V KTHUT CA VIC THC HIN NH GI TCNG MI TRNG ............................................................................................................ 1III - T CHC THC HIN TM ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHNG 1 - M TTM TT DN ............................................................................ 11 - TN DN......................................................................................................................... 12 - CH DN ........................................................................................................................ 13 - VTR A L CA DN ............................................................................................ 14 - NI DUNG CH YU CA DN................................................................................ 2

4.1-Mc tiu ca dn...................................................................................................24.2-i tngv quymphc v.................................................................................34.3-M tcc khuvc cng trnh..................................................................................34.4-Tnghpdin tchquyhoch cc hngmc cng trnh.........................................44.5-M ththng cpnc .........................................................................................54.6-Nhu cusdngin..............................................................................................5CHNG 2 - IU KIN TNHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T X HI............ 61 - IU KIN TNHIN V MI TRNG.................................................................. 6

1.1-iukina cht ....................................................................................................6

1.2-iukinkh hu,kh tng...................................................................................61.3-iukin thyvn.................................................................................................122 - HIN TRNG CHT LNG MI TRNG .......................................................... 13

2.1-Hin trng cht lngmi trngkhngkh ........................................................132.2-Hin trng cht lngnc ngm...........................................................................12.3-Hin trng cht lngmi trngnc mt ...........................................................32.4-Kt quphn tch cht lngmi trngt ..........................................................52.5-c imhsinh thi trongkhuvc .......................................................................83 - IU KIN KINH T - X HI, CSHTNG KHU VC DN .................. 8

3.1-iukinkinh tx hi ...........................................................................................83.2-iukin cshtng............................................................................................93.3-Hin trngkhut..................................................................................................103.4-Hin trngkhuvc ln cnkhut dn.............................................................11CHNG 3 - NH GI TC NG MI TRNG .................................................. 121 - XC NH NGUN GY TC NG ........................................................................ 12

2 - TC NG DO VIC GII TA, CHUN BU T........................................... 123 - TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON THI CNG XY DNG ........ 12

3.1-Ngunpht sinh tc ng......................................................................................133.1.1-Tc ngdohot ng tpkt cngnhn trn cng trng..............................13


4/79

3.1.2-Tc ngdohot ngpht quang,san lpmtbng, chunbnnmng.......133.2-i tngbtc ngv nhgi tc ng..........................................................153.2.1-Tc ngnsc khe ca cngnhn trn cng trngv cnbcngnhnvin cacng ty....................................................................................................................153.2.2-Cc tc ngnmi trng tnhin................................................................17

3.2.3-Tc ngn cc iukinkinh tx hi..........................................................184 - TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON HOT NG........................... 19

4.1-Ngunpht sinh cc tc ng................................................................................194.1.1-Ngunpht sinhnc thi ..................................................................................194.1.2-Ngunpht sinh cht thi rn.............................................................................214.1.3-Ngunpht sinhkh thi .....................................................................................224.1.4-Ngunpht sinh tingn....................................................................................254.1.5-Nguy cchynv sc...................................................................................264.2-i tngbtc ngv nhgi mc tc ng.............................................27

4.2.1-Tc ng ln cc nhn tvt l..........................................................................274.2.2-Tc ngnsc khe conngi ......................................................................284.2.3-Tc ng ln ti nguynsinhvt v cc hsinh thi..........................................284.2.4-Tc ng lniukinkinh t,x hi v htngkhuvc ................................29CHNG 4 - BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA VNG PH SC MI TRNG...................................................................................... 301 - GIM THIU TC NG TIU CC TRONG GIAI ON THI CNG DN.................................................................................................................................................. 30

1.1-Ccbinphpbovmi trngv sc khe cngng....................................30

1.2-Gim thiunhimbi v kh thi khuch tn tqu trnhsannn....................311.3-Kimsot cht thi sinhhot v cht thi xydngpht sinh trongqu trnh thi cng...............................................................................................................................311.4-Ccbinphpgim thiu tc ngmi trng tronggiai onxydng cshtng................................................................................................................................321.5-Gim thiu cc vnx hi .................................................................................322 - GIM THIU TC NG TIU CC TRONG GIAI ON HOT NG ........ 33

2.1-Binphpkhng chtc ngdonhimkhngkh...........................................332.2-Binphpkhng chtingn................................................................................34

2.3-Binphpxlnc thi ......................................................................................352.4-Binphpqun lv xl cht thi rn...............................................................392.5-Phngnga khnng chyn...............................................................................402.6-Ccbinphphtr..............................................................................................40CHNG 5 - CAM KT THC HIN CC BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG.. 411 - TRONG QU TRNH THI CNG XY DNG .......................................................... 412 - KHI DN I VO HOT NG .............................................................................. 42CHNG 6 - CC CNG TRNH XL MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN LV GIM ST MI TRNG .................................................................................... 44

1 - CC CNG TRNH XL MI TRNG ............................................................... 44


5/79

2 - CHNG TRNH QUN L MI TRNG............................................................. 443 - CHNG TRNH GIM ST MI TRNG ........................................................... 44

3.1-Gimst hiuqulmvic ca trmxlnc thi tp trung............................453.2-Gimst cht lngmi trngkhngkh ...........................................................453.3-Gimst cht thi rn............................................................................................45

CHNG 7 - D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH X L MITRNG ................................................................................................................................ 461 - DTON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG ........................... 462 - DTON KINH PH GIM ST CHT LNG MI TRNG ........................ 46CHNG 8 - THAM VN KIN CNG NG .......................................................... 481 - KIN CA Y BAN NHN DN PHNG LONG BNH, QUN 9................... 482 - KIN CA Y BAN MT TRN T QUC PHNG LONG BNH, QUN 9.................................................................................................................................................. 48CHNG 9 - CH DN NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V PHNG

PHP NH GI .................................................................................................................. 491 - NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, DLIU .................................................................... 49

1.1-Ngun ti liu,dliu thamkho..........................................................................491.2-Ngun ti liu,dliu chdn tto lp..........................................................492 - PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH TM .......................................... 493 - NHN XT V MC TIN CY CA CC NH GI ..................................... 50KT LUN V KIN NGH................................................................................................ 51

I - KT LUN ........................................................................................................................ 51

II - KIN NGH...................................................................................................................... 51

PH LC


6/79

DANH MC CC BNG

Bng1.1-Ta ct mc khut .................................................................................1Hnh1.1-Svtr dn...........................................................................................2Bng1.2-Tnghpdin tchquyhoch cc hng........................................................4Bng1.3-c tnhnhu cusdngnc ca dn....................................................5

Bng2.1-Dinbinnhit trungbnh cc nmTrmTnSnNht ........................7Bng2.2-Dinbin lngma trungbnh thng cc nm ti TrmTnSnNht .....8Bng2.3- Dinbinm tngi trungbnh cc nm ti TrmTnSnnht ......8Bng2.4-Tc giv hngginm2003 ti trmTnSnNht..........................9Bng2.5-Dinbinsginng cc nmghi nhn ti TrmTnSnNht ..............11Bng2.6-Kt quoc vphn tch cht lngmi trngkhngkh khuvc dn.....................................................................................................................................1Bng2.7-Phngphpphn tch cht lngnc ngm.............................................2Bng2.8-Kt quphn tch cht lngnc ngmkhuvc dn..............................3Bng2.9-Kt quphn tchhin trng cht lngnc mt ln cnkhuvc dn ..4

Bng2.10Phngphpphn tch cht lngt .......................................................6Bng2.11-Kt quphn tch cht lngt khuvc dn.........................................7Bng3.1nhgi ti lngnhim tccphng tin thi cng...........................14Bng3.2-Mc n cc thitbthi cng........................................................................14Bng3.3-Tc ng ca tingni vi sc khe conngi ....................................16Bng3.4-Nngcc cht nhim trongnc thi sinhhot cha qua xl.........20Bng3.5-c tnh ti lngnhim trongnc thi sinhhot ................................20Bng3.6-Thnhphnc trng ca rc thi sinhhot...............................................21Bng3.7-Thnhphnkh thi ca ccphng tingiao thng..................................22Bng3.8-Thnhphnv tnh cht duDO.................................................................23Bng3.9-Hsnhim ca cc cht trongkh thi khi t duDO.........................24Bng3.10-Ti lngv nngcc cht nhim trongkh thi t duDOkhi vn hnhmypht in cngsut 800KVA......................................................................24Bng3.11-Mc n ca cc thitbkthut trong trnghc ...................................25Bng3.12-Mc n tccphng tingiao thng ....................................................26Bng4.1-Tnh cht nc thi sinhhot trc v sauxl.........................................36Bng7.1.Dtonkinhph cc cng trnhmi trng trongqu trnhsnxut .........46Bng7.2-Dtonkinhph gimst cht lngmi trng......................................46Bng9.1-Ccphngphpnhgi tc ngmi trng........................................49


7/79

DANH MC CC HNH

Hnh1.1-Svtr dn...........................................................................................2Hnh2.1HnhnhSui Mcui khut dn ti thi imkhost ....................13

Hnh2.2-Svtr lymu cht lngkhngkh ..................................................14Hnh2.3Lymu cht lngkhngkh ...................................................................14Hnh2.4-Lymu cht lngt .................................................................................5Hnh2.5-Svtr lumu cht lngmi trngt.............................................6Hnh2.6Tuyn cpin trnngs11v ngdyin trung thchydcbntrongkhut dn........................................................................................................10Hnh2.7-Ton cnhkhut dn,nhn tvtr cngvov ngs11on chyngangqua khut dn...............................................................................................11Hnh4.1Scngnghxlkh thi mypht in............................................34

Hnh4.2-Snguyn lbung tiu m chngn chomypht in.....................35Hnh4.3-Scngnghxlnc thi .................................................................38


8/79

DNUTXYDNGTRNGHCPHPTIPHNGLONGBNH,QUN9

MU

I - XUT XCA DN

Cngvi spht trinkinh tx hi ca Vit Nam trongnhngnmgny,vnhp tc gia Vit Namvi cc quc gia trn thgii ngy cngc mrng. VitNamv Php cmi quanh lui.Ngy cng c nhiungi Php,v nhngngi thuc cc quc gia ni tingPhp,nVitNam lmvic v sinhsng.Dovynhu cugiodc cho con em ca hngy cng tng.Dovy,Cquangiodc Phpti nc ngoi (AEFE), l i din choi squnPhp ti VitNamvvngiodc,dkinxydngmt trnghc t tiu chunChuunhmpngnhu cudyd, giodc con emngi nc ngoi thuc khi Php ng ti Vit Namccbc hc mugiovphthng.Dnu txydngTrnghc Php tiphngLongBnh,Qun9,TPHCMnhmpngyu cu.

II - CN C PHP LUT V K THUT CA VIC THC HINNH GI TC NG MI TRNG

Bo conhgi tc ngmi trng chodnu txydngTrnghc Phpti phng Long Bnh,Qun 9 ca Cquan gio dc Php ti nc ngoi (AEFE)c thc hinda trn cc vnbnphp lv ti liu thamkhodi y:

Cc vnbnphp l

- Lut BovMi trngs52/2005/QH c Quc Hi nc Cngha X

hi Chngha VitNam thngqua ngy29 thng11nm2005v chiu lc tngy01/07/2006;

- Nghnhs80/2006/N-CPngy09/08/2006 ca Chnhphvvic quynhchi tit v hngdn thi hnhmt siu ca Lut BovMi trng;

- Nghnh59/2007/N-CPngy09/04/2007 ca ChnhPhvqun l cht thi rn;

- Thng ts08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca BTi nguyn v Mitrngvvic hng dn vnh gi mi trng chin lc,nhgi tc ngmi trngv camktbovmi trng;

- Cc tiu chunVit Namvmi trngcbanhnhkm theoQuyt nhs22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mitrng;

- Quyt nh s155/1999/Q-TTG ca Th tng Chnh Phvvic ban hnhQuy chqun lCht thi nguyhi;

- Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 12/12/2006 ca B Trng B Tinguynv Mi trngvvic hngdniukinhnhnghv thtc lphsngk, cpphphnhngh,m squn l cht thi nguyhi;

- Lut tchc Hi ngnhndnv ybannhndnngy26/12/2003;

BO CO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG 1


9/79


- Quyt nhs322/BXD-Tngy28/12/1993 ca Bxydngvquynh lpcc nquyhoch th;

- Quyt nhs3259/Q-UBNDngy14 thng7nm2006 ca ybanNhndnthnhphHCh Minhvvic choCquangiodc Php ti nc ngoi thu

t tiphngLongBnh-Qun9xydng trngColette.Cc hskthut

- Cc sliuv ti liuvhin trng tnhin,mi trngv iukinkinh txhi khuvc Qun9;

- Thuyt minhdnTrnghc Php ti PhngLongBnh,Qun9;

- Ccbnvthit kv quyhoch quyhochdnTrnghc Php tiphngLongBnh,Qun9;

- Bo cokt quKhost a cht cng trnhdoLinhipa cht cng trnh- xy

dngv mi trng thc hin thng1/2007;- Bo cokhost a hnhdoCng tyCphn tvnu tHongVit thc hin

thng12/2006;

- Cc ti liunhgi nhanhdoTchc Y tThgii thit lpnhmc tnh tilng cc cht nhim thot ng ca dn;

- Ccbo conhgi tc ngmi trng c thc hin ti VitNam trongnhngnmqua,nht l cc dn c loi hnhhot ng tng tnhdnutxydngTrnghc Php.



10/79

CHNG 1 - M TTM TT DN

1 -TN DN


2 -CH DN- Chu t : Cquangiodc Php ti nc ngoi (AEFE)

- a ch : 124CchMngThngTm,Qun3,TPHCM

- in thoi : 089321450-Fax: 089322269

- Ngi i din : MARCSAINT-JAMLMESChc v: i din-Hiu trngtrng.

3 -VTR A L CA DN

Khut dkin trinkhai xydngdnEcole FrancaisColette ta lc ti pGinDn,PhngLongBnh,Qun9, c tngdin tch l 24.322m2.Vtr ny trc yl Trung tmHun luynC heo thuc khudu lchSui M.Ta gc ranh ca khut dnc xc nh trong tbns68,ba chnhphngLongBnh,Qun9(ti liunm2004)nhsau:

Bng1.1-Tactmc khut

ShiuimTa

X(m) Y(m)

1 202377.0 617375.93 15.20

2 1202386.68 617345.88 101.62

3 1202448.03 617264.87 235.86

4 617215.57 159.73

5 1202254.51 617285.27

6 1202254.30 617286.24

7 1202377.40

Ranhgii khut dnc xc nhnhsau:

- Pha ngBc: gipngs11;

- Pha ngNam: gipkhudu lchSui M;

- PhaNam: giphngrosngolfVitNam(thuc Cngvinnc VietNamWaterWorld c);

- Pha Ty: gipt trng.


11/79



Dnnm trongkhuvc vnhai ca thnhph,gipvi abn tnhngNai vhuynDAn ca TnhBnhDng, cch trung tm thnhphkhong15kmvphangBc.Vtr dnc xc nhnhsau:

B

V NCAYBACHAN

KHUNGHATRANGT PHAT

VTRD AN

KHUDULCHSUO IM

CO NGVIENNU CVIETNAMWATERWORLD

SOVTRDANECOLEFRANCAISCOLETTE

Hnh1.1-Svtrdn

4 -NI DUNG CH YU CA DN

4.1-Mc tiu cadn

Dnc trinkhai nhmpng cc mc tiusau:

- Phc vnhu cugiodc theo tiu chunChuu.

- Gpphn lm gim p lc ngy cng gia tng ln h thng trng hc ca

Thnhphv theong chtrngx hi ha caNh nc.- Gpphnnng caohiuqugiodc,o to tondinv chthng theom

hnh tin tinnht.

- Gpphn thc hinv hnh thnh cc khu thha mrngni thnh.

- Gpphn trong chng trnhgindn,gimmt dnsni thnh, to cnhquan th.

- Gii quyt vic lm cho mt s lao ng a phng t lc dn trin khaicng tc xydng cngnhkhi a vohot ng,.


12/79



4.2-i tngvquymphc v

i tng chnh ca dn l hc sinhngi nc ngoi ti TPHCM tbc mugionht bc phthng.Tngsngi hc tpv lmvic ti khuvc dnsaukhihot ngnnhdkin l 1.188ngi.Trongsckhong1.000hc sinh,hctheodinbn tr.

4.3-Mtcc khuvc cngtrnhCc hngmc cng trnh chnh ca dngm:

1. Hngmc khi mugiovtiuhc

- Din tchxydng: 1.997,8m2,1 trt 1 lu.

2. Hngmc khi trunghc,thvinv cntin

- Din tchxydng: 3.088 m2,1 trt 1 lu.

- Thvindnggpbnngoi tngbao che tng tnh thmm.

3. Hngmc khi vnphngiuhnhqun l- Din tchxydng: 1.997,8m2,1 trt 1 lu.

4. Hngmc hi trng

- Din tchxydng: 685,4m2,1 trt: nh xe,1 lu: hi trng.

- MngbngBTCTdi ct t trnnnt tnhin, king, ct phv nnBTCT,gchxi mnghon thin. Tnggchdy200 (xygchng cugchth).Mi lp tole c lp cch m cchnhit, trnx gv v ko thp tin ch.Ring vt liubn trong hi trng nh: trn, tng, sn, ca i sc tnh

tonhp lphhpvi cngnng.5. Hngmc nhtpth

- Din tchxydng: 1398,3m2.

- Phng thay , kho: 1 trt, 1 lu (phng thay + vn phng) c ktcu mngbngBTCTdi ct t trnnnt tnhin, king, ct phvnn BTCT, gch xi mng hon thin. Tng gch dy 200 (xygchng cugch th), mi BTCT c qut chng thm v to dc bmt mbokhng mngnc.

- Nh tp th

dc: ck

t mngnBTCTdi ct

t trnn

n

t tnhin,king, hkhung ko thp,mi lp tole c lp cch nhit, trn x gv v ko

thp tin ch. Tng bao che kt hp vi g, sn c thit k c lphon thinphhpvi tiu chunhinhnh.

6. Hbi


- BTCT ton khi, trn nn t t nhin sau khi c x l ph hptiu chun hin hnh. Bn ngoi thnh h c lp chng thm thm thu,bntrong qut chng thmv lpgchmenhon thin.


13/79



7. Nhtp luyn


8. Sn chi cmi che vhnh langktni gia cc khunh


- Mngbng kt hp mng n BTCT di ct t trn nn t tnhin, king v nn BTCT, gch xi mng hon thin. Mi BTCT c qutchng thmv todcbmt mbokhngmngnc.

9. Hngmc nhbov


10.Hngmc cngvtng ro

- Chiudi: theo chuvi ca khut c thit klm2 loi.

- Loi 1: hngrorng,mng, ct,dmBTCT,khungg, ti 2 cnh ca hnh

thp.- Loi 2: hng ro kn ti 2 cnh c a hnh cao ca khu t, mng ct

dm BTCT, tngxygchngdy200kt hpvi tng chnt,snnchon thin.

- Cngvo chnh: din tch 51,5 m2, ckt cu mngnBTCTdi ct t trnnnt tnhin, kingv nnBTCT.Mi BTCTc qut chng thmv todcbmt mbokhngngnc.Kt cubndnBTCT ttrcng chnhvo cng trngvi dcphhp tiu chun thit kv cng phhpvi a hnhkhut.

11.Snbi ngni b

- Din tch ng ni b: 2.929,8 m2 vi kt cu BTNN tren nn cpphi dmkt hpbtng c trng trng c.

- Sn chi cdin tch: 3.144m2 vi kt cuBTCT,bitiumhon chnh.

- Ngoi ra, cn c cc hng mc kthut ph trnh: ct c, h thng thotnc ma,nc thi,hthngkthut in,hthngPCCCc thit k, lpt theong tiu chunxydnghinhnh.

- Phndin tch cn li: 9.272,1m2 l din tchdnh cho cyxanhbi c,cbtr xungquanh lphc,va tokhnggianringbit cho tngkhi lphc vato thnhbng mt, ng thi gip thit lp mt h thng thng gi tnhinnhm tomt mi trng thongmt, trong lnh chongi sdng.

4.4-Tnghpdintchquyhoch cc hngmc cngtrnh

Tngdin tchkhut dn l 24.322m2,c qui hochsdngnhsau:

Bng1.2-Tnghpdintchquyhoch cc hng

STT Dingii Dintch(m2) Tl(%)

1 Din tchxydng cmi che 8.612,0 35,4


14/79



2 Din tchxydngkhng cmi che 553,3 2,3

3 Snbi v ngnib 4.749,2 19,5

4 Cyxanh, thm c,mt nc 10.407,5 42,8

Tngdintchkhut 24.322,0 100,0

4.5-Mththng cpnc

1. c tnhnhu cusdngnc

c tnhnhu cusdngnc khi dnhot ngnnhnhusau:

Bng1.3-c tnhnhu cusdngnc cadn

STT Hngmc Slng nhmc Tngnhu cu

1 Nc sinhhot 1.188ngi 45lit/ngi/ngy

53,46m3/ngy

2 Nc ti cyxanh, thmc

10.407,5m2 3 lit/m2/ngy 31,22m3/ngy

3 Hbi (bsung cho thtthot vbc hi)

534m3 5% 26,72m3/ngy

Tng cng(Q) 111,40m3/ngy

4 Dphng 20%Q 22,28m3/ngy

Tngnhu cusdngnc 133,68m3/ngy

Nhvy, tng nhu cu cp nc cho tonbkhu trng ti a l 133,68 m3

/ngy.Trong chkhong53,46m3/ngy(chimkhong40%) l sdng cho cc mc chsinhhot v pht sinhnc thi.Cc nhu cusdng cn li nhti cy, cpbsung chohbi...hon tonkhngpht sinhnc thi.

2. Ngunnc cp

Dndkinssdngngunnc cp ca thnhph.Hin cngng cpnc (dng ch)ngangqua khut dn.

4.6-Nhu cusdngin

- Cngsut tiu thindkin:

600kwhx10h/ngyx24ngy/thngx12 thng = khong1.728.000kwh/nm.

- Ngun cp: in li quc gia.Ngoi ra dn cngsu tthmmt mypht indphng cngsut 800kVAcpin trong trnghpmt in.


15/79



CHNG 2-IU KIN TNHIN,MI TRNG VKINH T X HI

1 -IU KIN TNHIN V MI TRNG

DnTrnghc Php ta lc ti a bnpGinDn,phngLongBnh,Qun9.yc xem l vng ngoi thnhph, mt dn ckhng cao nhni thnhnhng cnhiuhot ngkinh tx hi quan trngnh: cc khu cngnghip, cc khudu lchgii tr,giao thng ca ng ca thnhph.

1.1-iukina cht

TheoBo cokt quKhost a cht cng trnhdoLinhipa cht cng trnhxydngv mi trng thc hin thng1/2007,a cht ca khuvc dnc cutobi cc lpt chnhsau:

- Lp1:

t st l

ns

nsi,munuvng,xm tr

ng,xmxanh, tr

ng thi d

ocngnna cng.Lpt nyphnbtmt t hinhunsu4.5

15.5m.Lpt nygptt ccc lkhoan.t c tnhnng cl tt,cht tnhin cao,khnng chu ti cao.

- Lp 1a: t st mu xm trng, xm vng, trng thi do mm, lp tny phn b tmt t hin hu n su 2.5m. Lp t ny chbtgp l khoanLK3.t c tnhnng cl trungbnh,cht tnhin trungbnh,kh nng chu ti trungbnh.

- Lp1b: t st munuvng,xm trng, trng thi domm.Lpt ny chhin din lkhoan LK4,phnb tsu 7.0m 10.4m vi bdy 3.4m.t c tnhnng cl trungbnh,cht tnhin trungbnh,khnng chu titrungbnh.

- Lp1c: t stpha munuvng,xm trng, trng thi do cng.Lpt nychhindinlkhoanLK5,phnbtsu7.7m12.4m,vibdy4.7m.t c tnhnng cl tt,cht tnhin cao,khnng chu ti cao.

- Lp2: Lpbazangptt ccc lkhoan, tsu5.215.5mnsuhn20.0m

1.2-iukinkhhu,khtngPhng Long Bnh, Qun 9 nm tronga ht thnhphHCh Minh nn chu nhhng ca kh hu vng nhit i gi ma cn xcho,c trng cbn l cnnnhit cao tungi nnhv sphnho ma theoma.Kh tng thayi theohai ma kh rrt.

1. Nhit

iung lunht vi nhit l sdaongnhit trongngy.Binnhitt n10oC/ngym.V vy,mc dbanngy tri nngnng,banmv sng smvn csng.y l iukin thun li cho cy cipht trinv xanh tt quanhnm.Nhit khng kh trungbnh ngy trongnmni thnh thnhphHCh


16/79



Minh cao hn cc ni khc trong a bn khu vc pha Nam 1,0 1,5oC. Dinbin nhit trungbnh cc nmoc ti trmTnSnNht c trnhby trongBng di y.

Bng2.1-Dinbinnhittrungbnh cc nmTrmTnSnNht

n v:oC

Cnm

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

28,2 28,4 28,1 28,0 28,0

Thng1 27.3 27.1 26,6 27,2 26,2

Thng2 27.6 27.3 28,0 26,7 27,2

Thng3 28.9 28.6 29,0 28,5 28,4

Thng4 30.0 30.0 30,3 30,1 29,8

Thng5 29.3 30.5 28,7 29,5 29,7

Thng6 28.1 28.9 28,9 28,1 28,9

Thng7 28.7 28.9 27,9 27,8 27,5

Thng8 27.7 27.7 28,1 28,0 28,4

Thng9 28.4 28.1 27,7 27,9 27,9

Thng10 27.9 27.9 27,2 27,5 27,6

Thng11 26.8 27.8 27,8 28,0 27,26,25

Thng12 27.2 28.1 26,6 26,6

2. LngMa

Ngun:Ningim thngk,2005

Lngma ma ma chimkhong84% tng lngma cnm.Ma ln tp trung vothng6, thng8v thng11.Lngma thng caonht lnn466,6mm(thng6).Ma thnhphHCh Minhmang tnhma ronhit i: ma nnhanhv kt thccngnhanh, thngmt cnma khngkodi qu 3ginhng cngmakh lnv dndp, cnhng cnma lngyngpngph.Nhngni thp trngc thbngpsukhong t2080 cm.Dinbin lngma cc nmoc titrmTnSnNht c trnhby trongBng2.2.


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Bng2.2-Dinbin lngmatrungbnhthng cc nmti TrmTnSnNht

n v:mm/thng

Cnm 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

1.680,0 1.332,0 1.788,0 1.783,6 1742,8

Thng1 6.3 0.0 0,0 0,1 0,0

Thng2 0.5 0.0 0,0 0,0 0,0

Thng3 136.0 0.0 0,5 0,0 0,0

Thng4 39.8 59.0 2,1 13,2 9,6

Thng5 247.3 71.0 303,8 263,9 143,6

Thng6 364.1 262.0 327,4 246,8 273,9

Thng7 123.8 107.0 198,4 355,9 288,0

Thng8 360.6 78.0 198,2 201,3 146,3

Thng9 224.4 220.0 295,4 283,7 182,9

Thng10 156.9 285.0 347,1 309,0 388,6

Thng11 153.7 132.0 101,4 97,0 246,5

Thng12 15.9 96.0 1,6 12,7 105,4

3. mTngi

Ngun:Ningim thngk,2005.

Cc thng ma ma cm kh cao.Nm 2005,m trungbnh vo cc thngma ma daong trongkhong6782%, caonht l cc thng7,8,9v 10(trungbnh80%).Cc thngma kh cm thphn, thng chvokhong67 77%.Trong thng c m trungbnh thp nht l thng 3 (67%). Dinbin m tngi trungbnh cc nm ti TrmTnSnNht c trnhby trongBng2.4.

Bng2.3- Dinbinmtngi trungbnh cc nmti TrmTnSnnht

n v:%

Cnm

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

76 73 74 75 75

Thng1 73 67 70 68 69


18/79

Thng2 70 66 65 70 69

Thng3 69 68 66 70 67

Thng4 73 69 69 71 70

Thng5 76 69 78 75 74

Thng6 80 77 77 80 77

Thng7 78 76 80 81 81

Thng8 82 78 80 80 78

Thng9 80 78 80 81 80

Thng10 81 80 82 79 82

Thng11 75 77 76 73 79

Thng12 70 74 70 72 77

4. Gi,Bo,LLt

Ngun:Ningim thngk,2005

Trong nm thnh hnh 2 hng gi: ma kh gingngNam (cn gi l gichng) v ma ma giTyTyNam,vn tc trungbnh3 4m/s.Gi thngthi mnh t tra sang chiu. Gi chng thi mnh lmgia tng sxm nhp mnvo su trong lc a trong ma kh v gia tng mc nc nh triu ln vicm. ThnhphHCh Minh t cbo, thng thi tit chbnhhng ca p thp

nhiti hoc chunhhng cabo tkhuvc minTrung.Cc sliu theodi cho thytrong thi gianquan trc (100nm),vtr nykhngxyra llt.

Bng2.4-Tc givhngginm2003ti trmTnSnNht

n v:m/s

Thng I II III IV V VI

Ngy Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc

1 SE 4 SSE 5 SSE 5 SE 5 SSE 4 W 5

2 ESE 5 SSE 6 SSE 6 W 4 SSE 4 WSW 63 WSW 6 SSE 5 SE 4 SE 5 SE 5 W 6

4 SSE 5 SE 4 SE 5 W 4 E 4 W 4

5 ESE 4 ESE 4 SSE 4 SE 5 W 5 SW 4

6 SSE 6 SE 4 S 4 SE 6 NW 6 SW 4

7 SSE 5 W 4 SSE 4 SSE 6 NW 5 SW 4

8 SE 5 SE 6 SSE 5 SW 6 ESE 4 W 5

9 SE 5 ESE 4 E 5 SE 4 SSE 6 W 6

10 SW 6 S 4 ESE 5 E 5 SE 6 SW 5


19/79

11 SW 5 SE 5 ESE 7 SE 4 SE 4 SW 5

12 SSE 4 SE 5 SE 6 SSE 6 ESE 4 NW 5

13 WSW 5 SE 4 SE 6 SE 6 ESE 5 NW 6

14 S 5 SSE 7 SE 5 SE 6 NW 6 NW 4

15 ESE 4 E 5 SSE 5 SSE 6 NW 6 W 5

16 W 4 SE 4 SE 5 SE 6 NW 5 SW 6

17 SE 5 ESE 5 SSE 5 ESE 6 NW 6 SW 6

18 NW 4 ESE 5 SE 6 SE 5 SW 7 WSW 6

19 WNW 3 SE 6 SE 4 SE 4 NW 5 SSE 5

20 SSE 5 E 7 SE 5 SE 4 NW 5 NW 6

21 SE 4 SSE 8 SE 6 SE 6 SW 5 S 4

22 ESE 6 SE 6 SE 6 SE 6 NW 6 NW 5

23 SE 5 SE 5 SE 5 ESE 5 SW 5 WSW 5

24 SE 5 SE 4 SE 7 SE 4 SW 6 S 10

25 ESE 5 NW 4 SE 7 SE 5 W 6 SSW 8

26 SE 5 ESE 7 SE 7 SE 6 SW 7 W 8

27 SE 5 SE 6 SE 4 SE 4 W 7 NW 5

28 S 5 SE 7 SSE 5 SE 6 W 5 SW 5

29 SE 3 ESE 4 SE 5 SW 5 SW 5

30 W 4 SE 4 SSE 4 SW 6 W 5

31 SE 4 SSE 5 W 5

Thng VII VIII IX X XI XII

Ngy Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc Hng Tc

1 S 5 W 6 W 5 NW 4 W 5 E 3

2 SE 6 W 7 W 5 S 3 W 4 NW 4

3 S 8 SW 6 WNW 6 SE 3 SE 4 SE 5

4 NE 5 W 6 SW 4 SW 4 SSE 4 SE 4

5 SE 6 WNW 7 W 6 SE 5 SE 5 W 4

6 SE 6 WNW 7 W 7 SE 4 NW 4 NW 5

7 SW 6 SW 8 NW 6 SE 4 SE 4 SE 3

8 SW 8 W 7 W 7 SE 3 SSE 5 W 3

9 W 5 WSW 6 W 4 NW 4 SE 4 NE 4

10 NW 5 W 7 WNW 5 W 4 W 5 NE 4


20/79

11 NW 4 W 7 SW 5 SSE 5 E 5 SE 4

12 NW 4 W 5 W 7 SW 5 SE 3 NW 4

13 NW 4 SW 4 WNW 8 SW 4 SW 5 N 4

14 SE 5 SW 4 SW 4 SE 6 NW 4 N 4

15 SSE 6 SE 5 SW 4 ESE 5 NW 3 W 3

16 SW 4 SSE 4 W 4 W 4 NW 4 N 3

17 NW 5 S 7 W 5 SE 4 W 4 N 3

18 SW 4 SW 4 WNW 4 NW 4 S 5 E 4

19 W 5 W 6 NW 3 WSW 4 SE 5 NW 5

20 WSW 7 W 4 SW 4 W 5 SE 4 W 3

21 W 7 SE 4 W 7 W 5 NE 5 N 4

22 W 8 W 4 SE 4 SE 4 E 4 N 3

23 WSW 7 NW 5 NW 4 ESE 4 N 3 ESE 3

24 W 7 NW 13 SSW 5 W 4 E 4 NW 5

25 NW 4 SW 4 E 3 SE 2 SW 4 NW 4

26 W 5 W 5 SW 4 SE 3 NE 5 N 4

27 W 3 WNW 8 SW 4 S 3 NE 3 SSE 5

28 NW 4 NW 4 W 4 SSE 4 E 3 NW 4

29 SW 6 SE 4 SE 4 SE 5 E 4 SW 4

30 W 5 S 4 NW 5 SW 4 N 4 E 4

31 W 5 SW 4 SE 4 SE 5

5. Bc X

Ngun:iKhTngThy VnNamB, 2004.

Tng lngbc xmt tri trungbnhngy trong cnm365,5 calo/cm2.Tng lng

bc xcc thngma kh caohn cc thngma ma gn100 calo/cm2/ngy, cngbc x ln nht trong ngy cc thng 3 thng 4 trong nm t 0,8 1,0calo/cm2/pht,xyra t10gisngn14gi.

6. SGiNng

Dinbinsginng cc nm ti TrmTnSnHo c trnhby trongBng2.6.

Bng2.5-Dinbinsginng cc nmghi nhnti TrmTnSnNht

n v:gi/thng

Cnm 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

2.066,5 2.370,7 2.245,9 2.080,8 2.071,9


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Thng1 174,7 206,8 216,6 181,8 164,8

Thng2 167,4 224,4 219,7 190,7 215,3

Thng3 200,6 259,1 254,6 220,6 252,9

Thng4 194,5 238,6 250,2 216,9 225,6

Thng5 204,0 237,4 137,7 176,9 200,4

Thng6 147,4 161,9 207,3 143,6 185,6

Thng7 197,7 187,3 168,5 164,5 153,1

Thng8 143,6 142,9 180,3 161,3 178,1

Thng9 184,4 157,9 160,7 162,3 142,2

Thng10 136,6 179,7 135,9 146,8 138,8

Thng11 136,3 172,7 166,7 167,3 142,6

Thng12 179,8 202,2 147,4 148,7 90,5

7. pSutKhngKh

Ngun:Ningim thngk,2005.

psut kh quyn trungbnh1.0061.012mbar.Cc thngma kh psut kh cao,gi trcaonht tuyt i xyra vo thng12(1.020mbar), cn cc thngma ma p sutthp(chmc xpx1.000mbar).

1.3-

iuki

nthyvnDn ta lc ti qun9 l khuvc cnhiusngrch chng cht,n thngvi nhau

nhrchsui Ci,rchSui Tin,rchGGng,rchTrauTru...v chunhhngtrc tip ca thy triu sngngNai. Tuynhin ti phngLong Bnh,c bit lxungquanhkhuvc dn l vngt gi,knhrchkhngpht trin.ChcsuingTrnnmvpha Bc, cchkhut dnkhong2kmv mt saohbit lpnmri rc cc khuvc xungquanh.

DnnmgnsngngNai,dng chy cvai trquan trngi vi spht trinkinh tx hi ca thnhphHCh Minhni ringv vngkinh t trngimphaNamni chung.Chthyvn ca sngngNai nhsau: Ma nc caobt utthng7v kt thc vo thng11.Lngnc ln chimn80% lngdng chy hngnm.Cc thng c dng chy lnnht l thng8, 9,10. Vo ma cn, lngnc chchim20% lngdng chy cnm.Cc thng c lngdng chynhnhtl thng3,4v 5.

Chthyvn ca hthngsngngNai chunhhng chyubi siu titca hTrAnv mt phnbi chbnnht triu tBinng. Mc nc sngngNai caonht 1,92m, thpnht: 2,47m, trungbnh: 0,29m.

Ngay trongkhuvc dn cSui Mchy tTysangngkhut v kodi dccui khudu lchSui M.y l dngsui nhn todngthot nc ma v nc

thi sinh hot tkhu du lch sui M. B rng lng sui khong 3 - 4m, chiu sukhong2,5m.Trongkhuvc dn, lngsui c lt mt phn.Voma ma,


22/79

nc sui thot theovng trnga hnhra sngngNai.Voma kh,sui hontonkit nc,nc thi sinhhot vi lu lngkhng lnhon ton tthm trong qutrnh chy.

Hnh2.1HnhnhSui Mcui khutdnti thi imkhost

2 - HIN TRNG CHT LNG MI TRNG

2.1-Hintrng cht lngmi trngkhngkh

1. Phnt lymu

nhgi hin trng cht lngkhngkh ti vtr khut dn, chu tdn phi hp vi Trung tmCngnghMi trng - VinMi trngv Ti nguyntin hnh kho st, ly mu v phn tch cht lng khng kh trong khu vc dn.Qu trnh lymuc thc hin thnh3t nhsau:

- t 1: th4ngy12/9: lc 8gisng;- t 2: th5ngy13/9: lc 10gisng;

- t 3: th2ngy17/9: lc 14gichiu.

2. Xc nhthngsgimst

Gimst cc thngsnhimkhngkh c trnggmbi,SO2,CO,NO2, ch (chgimst thngsch ti vtr gnnggiao thng)v tingn.

3. Xc nhvtr lymu

Vtr lymucphnbu trongv ngoi khunvinkhut dn:

- Vtr 1(K1):bnngoi khut dn,gnngs11(gimst nhimdo giaothng)-bsunggimst hm lng ch (Pb) trongkhngkh ngoi ccchtiu trn;

- Vtr 2(K2):bnngoi khut dn,giphngropha Tykhut v gn mkhai thc (gimst nhimdohot ng ca m);

- Vtr 3(K3):bn trongkhut,gnhngropha Ty;

- Vtr 4(K4): gia khut dn;

Svtr lymunhsau:


23/79

B

GHI CHU

VTRLAYMAUCHATLNGKHONGKH

VNCAYBACHAN

K2 K1

KHUNGHATRANGT PHAT

K4

VTRDAN

KHUDULCHSUOIM

K3

CONGVIENNUCVIETNAMWATERWORLD

SOVTRLAYMAUCHATLNGMOITRNGKHONGKH

DANECOLEFRANCAISCOLETTE

Hnh2.2-Svtr lymu cht lngkhngkh

4. Cngtc oc v lymuti hintrng

Cc dng clymuc chunbtrongphng th nghimuc xlschv trongiu kin chn khng. Thi giant my ht khng kh t45pht n 1 gi,trong thi gian tinhnho cc chtiuvi kh hu ti hin trngbng cc thitbonhanh.Saukhi thumuxong, tinhnh cnhmu ti hin trngv chuynvphng th nghim cht lng khng kh ca Vin Mi trng v Ti nguyn tinhnhphn tch.Nht k thumuc thc hin cht chv trongsut thi gianquantrc khngxyra scnovcng tc lymu.

- Lymubi

Hnh2.3Lymu cht lngkhngkh


24/79

Khngkh cbm lymukhngkh ht quablc (filterholder) ct giy lcsi thy tinh.Khngkh i qua cnbi c gili trngiy lc.Lu lng lymul 20 lt/pht.Bi thuc lbi llng.

Thitblymubi: Lowvolume airsample SL-15P,SIBATA,Nht.

- LymuSO2

Khngkh c cha SO2 cbm lymukhngkh ht qua dungdchhp thunatriTetraclomercurate (II) cha trongnghp thu(Impinger)vi lu lng1 lt/pht.KhSO2 trongkhngkh sc gili trongdungdchhp thukhi ni qua dungdchny.

Thitblymu: Pesonal airsample SKC,M.

- LymuNO2

Khng kh c cha NO2 c bm ly mu khng kh ht qua dung dch hpthu Triethanolnamine cha trong ng hp th (Impinger) vi lu lng 0,5 lt/pht.

KHNO2 trongkhngkh sc gili trongdungdchhp thkhi ni qua dungdch ny.

Thitblymu: Personal airsample SKC,M.

- LymuCO

Sdng chai ht chnkhng c thtch600ml cha dungdchhp thuPdCl2.Ti vtr lymumnt chai khngkh trnvoy chai,CO c trongkhngkh stcdngvi dungdchhp thv thi gian tc dng t20-24gi.Mu thuc c trstc thi.

Thitblymu: Lowvolume airsample SL-15P,SIBATA,Nht.5. Phngphpphntch cc thngscht lngkhngkh

- n: obngmyon tchphnQuest 2900,M;

- mv nhit : obngmyohinsTESTO635,c;

- Bi llng:phngphp trng lng theoTCVN5067-1995;

- SO2: phngphpPararosaniline theoMethodsof airSampling and analysis,704(42401-01-69T)APHA;

- NO2:phngphpGriss-Saltzman cibin theoTCVN6137-1996;

- CO:phngphpdng thuc thFolin-Ciocalteur,52TCN352-89.

- Ch: AASgraphite

6. Ktquovphntch cht lngmi trngkhngkh

Kt quoc vphn tchhin trng cht lngmi trngkhngkh khut dnc thhin trongbngsau:


25/79

Bng2.6-Ktquocvphntchchtlngmitrngkhngkhkhuvcdn

Thngs Bi (mg/m3) SO2 (mg/m3) NO2 (mg/m

3) CO(mg/m3) Ch (mg/m3) Mc n(dBA)

Ngy 12/9 13/9 17/9 12/9 13/9 17/9 12/9 13/9 17/9 12/9 13/9 17/9 12/9 13/9 17/9 12/9 13/9 17/9

K1 0,23 0,11 0,11 0,017 0,007 KPH 0,15 0,10 0,03 5,9 4,5 5,5 1,55 0,65 0,89 69,7 66,8 69,1

K2 0,35 0,12 0,11 0,021 0,014 KPH 0,20 0,12 0,06 3,0 2,8 2,2 - - - 54,6 52,1 49,9

K3 0,11 0,37 0,11 0,012 0,012 KPH 0,07 0,09 0,04 2,9 2,4 3,0 - - - 42,9 47,3 60,2

K4 0,23 0,44 0,11 0,017 0,011 KPH 0,13 0,12 0,05 3,2 2,8 3,0 - - - 49,6 55,2 65,6

TCVN5937-2005[1] 0,3 0,35 0,2 30 1,5[2] -TCVN5949-1998[3] - - - - - 75

Ghich:KPH=khngphthin

1TCVN 5937 - 2005: tiu chun quy nh gii hn cc thng scbn ca cc cht trong khng kh xung quanh... c p dng nh gi cht lng khng

kh v gim st tnh trng nhim khng kh.2Tiu chun trung bnh 24 gi.3TCVN 5949-1998: tiu chun quy nh mc n ti a cho php ti cc khu cng cng v dn c, c p dng kim sot mi hot ng c thgy n trongkhu cng cng v dn c.


26/79

7. nhgi

Kt quphn tchdinbin cht lngmi trngkhngkh ti cc imbn trongvbnngoi khuvc dn cho thy:

- Trong tt ccc thngsgimst, chcnngbi mt sthi imvt tiuchun chophp.Dinbinnngbi trong cc t gimst nhsau:

oDinbinnngbi theovtr gimst: trong4vtr gimst,nngbi ti v tr gnng s11 lun thp hnso vi tiu chun chophp, ti cc vtr trongv ngoi khunvinkhut dngnm vgia khut dn ti mt sthi imnngbi cvt tiu chunchophp.

o Dinbinnngbi theo thi imgim st: vo thi im cui gisng(t10g-12gi),nngbi caohnsovi nhng thi im cnli.Kt qugimst vo lc 10gngy13/9/2007 cho thynngbiti nhng v tr trong khu t cao hn tiu chun, c bit l ti v

tr gia khut dn.Vo thi imgimst ugisng(8gi-10gi), nngbi ti v tr ngoi khut,gnmkhai thc vt tiuchun. Thi imgimst ugichu(14gi-16gi),nngbi titt c cc vtr u thphnnhiu lnsovi tiu chun chophp.

- DinbinnngSO2:NngSO2 ti tt ccc vtr gimst vo c3 thiim gim st u thp hn nhiu ln so vi tiu chun chophp. Trong ,nngSO2 thng caovougisngv gimdnvobui chiu.

- DinbinnngNO2:NngNO2 trongkhuvc dn ti huht cc vtrgimst trongnhng thi imgimst khc nhauu thphnhocbng tiu

chun chophp.- DinbinnngCO: Tng tnhchtiuSO2,nngCO ti tt ccc v

tr gimst cc thi imgimst khc nhauu thphnnhiu lnsovitiu chun chophp.

- Dinbinnngch: nhgi nngch trongkhngkh khuvc dn,qu trnh thumuc thc hin trong1gibngbmht khngkh vi dungdchhp thl...sauphn tchmu trongphng th nghim.Tuynhin tiuchun Vit Nam TCVN 5937:2005 ch quy nh mc gii hn nng ch trong 24 gi l 1,5 mg/m3. So vi tiu chun ny, nng ch ti v

tr gn ngs11vougisngvt ngng chophp.- Dinbinmc n: Mc n ti khuvc dn ti tt ccc vtr gimst v

c3 thi im gim st trong ngyu thp hn so vi tiu chun chophp.Trong mc n ti vtr gimst gnngs11 c xuhng caohn sovi cc vtr cn li.

2.2-Hintrng cht lngnc ngm

nhgi hin trng cht lngnc ngm ti khut dn,nhmkhost tinhnh lymuphn tchngy16/03/2007.Qu trnh lymuv kt quphn tch chtlngnc ngmnhsau:


27/79



1. Vtr cc gingthumu cht lngnc ngm

Cc mu cht lng nc ngmc ly theo hin trng cc ging khai thc ncngm trongv ln cndn, c2vtr nhsau:

- Gingkhoan trongkhut dn(NN1): chiusukhai thc khong30m;

- Ging khoan trong khu du l

ch Sui M

(NN2): chi

u su khai thc kho

ng30m.

Vtr lymu cht lngnc ngmc thhin trnbnnhkm trongphlc.

2. Cngtc lymuvphntch cht lngnc ngm

- Phngphp lymu:

Nc gingcbm ln,i khong5pht chonnh,hngnc vo cannha2lt, trngsch3 lnbng chnhnc ging, chonc voy can,ynpkn li vchovo thngboqunmunhit khong4oC.Sauvn chuynvphng th

nghim cht lngmi trng-VinMi trngv Ti nguynphn tch.Ringmuphn tch coliformc thubng chai thy tinh chuyndng.

- Phn tchmu

Cc munc ngmc phn tch ti phng th nghim cht lngmi trng caVinMi trngv Ti nguyn theo ccphngphp chun c cngnhn.Ccthngsphn tchvphngphpphn tch tngngc lit k nhsau:

Bng2.7-Phngphpphntch cht lngnc ngm

STT Thngs Phngphpphn tch

1 pH pHkMetroph691(*)

2 mu 2120(C)APHA1999(*)

3 Tng cht rnha tanTDS CDN/TDSkWTW197(*)

4 NitrateNO3- TCVN6180:1996(*)

5 AmoniaNH3 4500-NH3(F)APHA1999(*)

6 St tng cng 3500-Fe (D)APHA1999(*)

7 Coliforms 9222B-APHA1999

(*)

Ghi ch:(*)Phngphpc VILAScngnhn

3. Ktquphntch cht lngnc ngm

Kt quphn tch cht lng nc ngm trong khu vc dn c thhin trongbngsau:


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Bng2.8-Ktquphntch cht lngnc ngmkhuvc dn

STT Thngs nvKt qu Tiu chunnuc ngm

TCVN5944-19954

TCVN5502-20035NN1 NN2

1 pH - 6,75 6,62 6,5-8,52 mu Pt-Co 3 29 5-50

3 Tng cht rn hatanTDS

mg/lit 172 774 1.0006

4 NitrateNO3- mg/lit KPH

(


29/79



skt ququan trc cht lngnc mt sngngNai ti vtr gnvi dnnhttrong cc bo co quan trc mi trng vng gn y nh gi hin trng chtlngnc mt.Cc kt quphn tch trong ccbo conynhsau:

Bng2.9-Ktquphntchhintrng cht lngnc mt ln cnkhuvc dn7

TT Thngs nvKt qu

phn tch8Tiu chunVitNam

TCVN5942:19959

Ct A Ct B

1 pH - 6,13 6-8,5 5,5-9

2 Nhit oC 29,8 - -

3 c NTU 19 - -

4 dnin S/cm 41 - -

5 TDS mg/lit 21 - -

6 BOD5 mg/lit 1


30/79



23 E.Coli MPN/100ml 510 - -

24 Thuc BVTV mg/lit 0,018 0,15 0,15

25 Du mkhong

mg/lit KPH Khng 0,3

26 Du m tngcng mg/lit KPH - -

Ghi ch:KPH=Khngphthin

(-): khngquy nh

nh gi: Kt ququan trc cho thyhuht cc ch tiu nhim trong nc sngngNai ti vtr cungNai gnkhuvc dn cbnut tiu chun chophpi vi ngun loi A. Chc ch tiuN-NH3 caohn tiu chunngun loi A,nhngvnnm trongvng chophpi vi ngun loi B.SngngNai l nguncpnc quan trng ca thnhphBinHo v ThnhphHCh Minh.Tuynhinthi giangny cht lngnc sngangngy cngxung cpdo cht thi tcchot ngsinhhot v snxut trongvng.

2.4-Ktquphntch cht lngmi trngt

1. Phngphp lymuvphntch

Nhm cng tc tinhnhkhost v thngnht ly2muphn tch cc thngsmi trngt.Cc mut c ly ti tngtbmt (sun20 cm)v lymugp(mi mu ly ti 5vtr sau trn lnvi nhau).Muc ng tronghpnha vbc trong ti entrnh nhsngxmnhpgyphnhucc hp cht hu

c trongt, v c gi trong thng lnhnhit 4

o

Cbo qun mu. Saumuc chuynvphng th nghim ca TrungTmDchvPhn tchTh nghim.Cc muc lynhsau:

Hnh2.4-Lymu cht lngt

- MuS1: l mugp ly ti 4imgc (S11S14) ca khut v 1imgia khut (S15);

- MuS2: l mugp ly ti 5imquanhkhui ti gc TyBc khut dn(S21S25).

Svtr lymunhsau:


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B

GHICHU

VTRLAYMAUCHATL NGAT

S15

S23 S24

S22S21

S25S14

KHUNGHATRANGTPHAT

S13

NN2

S12 S11

CO NGVIENNU CVIETNAMWATERWORLD

SOVTRLAYMAUCHATLNGMOITRNGAT

DANECOLEFRANCAISCOLETTE

Hnh2.5-Svtr lumu cht lngmi trngt

Cc chtiu cht lngt cphn tchbng ccphngphp chunnhsau:

Bng2.10Phngphpphntch cht lngt

STT Thngs Phngphpphn tch

1 Pb AOAC990.08(*)

2 As AOAC990.08(*)

3 Ni AOAC990.08(*)

4 Cu AOAC990.08(*)

5 Zn AOAC990.08(*)

6 Cr AOAC990.08(*)

7 Hg R e.: VarianAA-72

8 Cd AOAC990.08(*)

9 2,4-D HPCL-Wateranalysis,AOACofficial method

10 Thuc trsu lnhu c GC-AOAC970.52(90),TCVN6133:96

11 Thuc trsu chlorhu c GC-AOAC970.52(90),TCVN6133:96

12 PCBs GC-AOAC970.52(90),TCVN6133:96


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Ghi ch:(*) Phngphpc VILAScngnhn

2. Ktquphntch

Kt quphn tch cht lngt khuvc dnc thhin trongbng3.6di y:

Bng2.11-Ktquphntch cht lngtkhuvc dn

STT Thngs nvKt qu TCVN7209-200210

TCVN5941-199511S1 S2

1 Pb mg/kg 16,4 15,1 120

2 As mg/kg KPH(MLOD = 5)

0,09 12

3 Ni mg/kg 9,5 KPH(MLOD = 5)

-

4 Cu mg/kg 24,0 6,3 70

5 Zn mg/kg 30,5 20,4 200

6 Cr mg/kg 99,6 17,0 -

7 Hg mg/kg 0,13 97,3 -

8 Cd mg/kg KPH(MLOD = 0,5)

KPH(MLOD = 0,5)

5

9 2,4-D ppm KPH(MLOD = 0,4)

KPH(MLOD = 0,4)

0,2

10 Thuc trsulnhu c ppb KPH(MLOD = 0,7) KPH(MLOD = 0,7) -

11 Thuc trsuchlorhu c

ppb KPH(MLOD = 0,5)

KPH(MLOD = 0,5)

-

12 PCBs ppb KPH(MLOD = 10)

KPH(MLOD = 10)

-

Ghi ch:KPH= khngphthin

3. nhgi

Da vo cc kt quphn tch trn, c thrt ra mt skt lunvhin trng chtlngt trongvngdnnhsau:

- Mc nhim cc kim loi nng trongt nhn chung cn thpv nm trong giihn chophpi vi t sdng chomc chdnsinhv vui chi giitr.

10TCVN7209-2002: Tiuchuncht lngt quynhgii hn ti achophpcamt skim loi nng

trongt(Arsen,Cadimi,ng,Ch vkm)cpdngnhgicht lngcamt khut cththeomcchsdng,hoc lmcstrongvicqun l,bovchcnngsdngt nhca ti nguynt,v lmcskhi lachncngnghsnxut,cngnghxlcht thi chophhp theoyucubovcht

lngmi trngt.11TCVN5941-1995: Tiuchuncht lngt,quynhmc ti ti achophpcadlngmt shachtbovthcvt trongt,dngkimsot vnhgimcnhimhachtbovthcvt trongt


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- Cc muphn tchukhngpht hin dlng thucbovthc vt trongt.

- i vi cc chtiu cn li hin cha c tiu chun cthnhgi.

Thc tkhost cho thyxungquanhkhuvc dnhunhkhng chot ngnogynguy cnhimngkn tngt mt.y l khuvc mt dn c thp,khng chot ngsnxut nngnghip, chcmt scscngnghipnhnghotng ca cc csnykhnggynguy ccaoi vi cht lngt.

2.5-c imhsinhthi trongkhuvc

1. Hsinhthi trn cn

Trong khu vc dn, h thc vt chyu l cybchn (rngbchn chydctheongs11phabnkia ngsovi dnv ri rc xungquanhkhuvc dn), tre trc,mt sloi cy cngnghipnhiu,da v mt sloi cybi.Trongkhut dn thm thc vt khngpht trindosthayi mc chsdngt.Mt

cyxanh thp,gnnhl t trng, chcn tn ti mt scybi nhda king,tre...nmri rc trongkhuvc.

Vhngvt,khuvc dnhngvt kh nghonnv hon tonkhng c cc loingvt quhim.

2. Hsinhthi di nc

Dnnm trnvngt gi,ngunnc mt kmdi do, chcsui Mv mtsaonhthot nc ma v nc thi.Voma kh,sui Mv cc aonyhontonkit nc.Dovyhsinh thi thutrongkhuvc l rt nghonnv kmphttrin.

3 - IU KIN KINH T - X HI, CSHTNG KHU VC DN

3.1-iukinkinhtxhi

Qun9nmvtr ca ng ca thnhphc li thvmt giao thngvi xa lHNi,sngngNai v cc xa llndkinmni vi cc tnhxungquanh,ni tptrungnhiudn lnvvnha,du lch,nghngi,gii tr cp thnhphv khuvc.Qun cvngbngsux vi quym lnt nngnghip, thmxanh,mt nc sngrch... c li thtomi trngsinh thi, cnhquan ca thnhphv btr cc khu

dn cnh vn ckhunvin ln theokiu lng th.Qun9 thuc a bnhuynThc trc y, chot ng cngnghippht trinkh mnh.Ngoi Khu cngnghCaonm trna bn cc phngTnPh, TngNhnPhA,Tng NhnPhB,LongThnhMv HipPh l ni tp trungnhngngnhnghsnxut cngnghip ckthut caov trngyu ca thnhph, cc khucngnghip, tiu thcngnghip cn li u cquymnhgm: khu cngnghipvt liuxydngLongBnh,khu cngnghipdt,maymc,in t, ckh, lprp myPhc LongA,B,TngNhnPh.Khukho tng,bnbi v cc cslinquannvn chuynngsngbtrtiphngPhHu.

Theo thngk nm2005, cc thngscbn ca qun9nhsau:


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- Din tch: 114km2;

- Dns160.012ngi;

- Mt dns: 1.404ngi/km2;

- Hnhnkhunngnghip: 1.457h;

- Htthngv dchvtnhn: 5.220h;- Trnghcphthng: 27 trng;

- t lmnghip: khong6.500ha;

- t vn cyn tri: 2.400ha.

Qun9 chia lm13nvhnh chnh cpphng trongphngLongBnhnmkhuvc gipranhvi tnhngNai v tnhBnhDng.Dn ctrnabnphngsngmtphnnhvovic trng la,hoa mu,mt skhc l cngnhn trong cc xnghipsnxut gnkhuvc.Mc sng ca nhndn trongvng tngi thpso

vi khuvc trung tmqunv ni thnh thnhph.Nh ca dn trongvng thngtp trung thnh tng cm.Huht l nh trt,mi tole thuc dng cp3,4.Trongkhu vcphnghinnay c1 trng tiuhc v mt trngphthng cs.

3.2-iukin cshtng

1. Giaothngngb

nggiao thngnkhuvc dn tngi thun tin.DnnmgnXa lHNi, tuynng giao thng huyt mch ca thnhphHCh Minh. TXa lHNi nkhut dnkhong1,5km theo cc tuynngs400,ngHongHuNamv ngs11.

ngs11 chyqua khut dn c cht lng tt, lgii t48m.Mt xe clu thngkhngngk, chyu l cc loi xe vn ti.

2. Cpin

Khuvc nyhin c li inc cp t trmbin p110/15kVThc Bc.Ngun cpinqua khut dnkh nnh.ngdy trung thdc theo tuynngs11mbo cpin cho cc cssnxut,kinhdoanhdchvv hdntrong vng. Ring trong khu t dn c tuyn ng dy trung thchy dc giakhut cpin chokhudu lchsui M, cngvinnc VitNamWaterWorldv sngolf.Dovy cnxemxt di di tuynngdynynhmmbo an tontrongqu trnhxydngv vnhnhdn.


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Hnh2.6Tuyn cpintrnngs11vngdyintrungthchydc bntrongkhutdn

3. Cpthotnc

Dnnmgnvi cc nh my cpnc ln ca thnhph.Vpha TyBc ca d

nhn3,5km cnh mync Thc,v vpha ngBc cchdnkhong2,5km cnh mync BnhAn c cngsut 115.000m3/ngydnnc vnh mync Thcbng tuynng1.000mmt dc theoxa lHNi v quc l1A.Tuynhinkhuvc dn li cha cngng cpnc.Dovy, cc hdnv cssnxut trongkhuvc nyuphi tkhai thc nc ngmphc vchosinh hotv snxut.

Khuvc dn cng cha chthng thot nc thhon chnh.Nc thi c tthmhoc thot ra cc vng trng.

4. Hthngthngtin lin lc

Hthng thng tin lin lc tngi y.

3.3-Hintrngkhut

Khut dn trc y l Trung tmHun luynC heo thuc khudu lchSui M.Dohot ngkhnghiuqu,Trung tmHun luynC heobgii thv khutdnc thuhi nhmphc vchomc chkhc.Ti thi imkhost,khuvc ny c gii ta, tonbcc hngmc cng trnh cca Trung tmHun luynC heo c db.Chu tdnEcole FrancaisColette ang tinhnhxyhngrogii hnvbovphmvi khut.

Khut dn hon ton l t trng.Do cha c san lp,a hnhkhut dnkhngbngphng.Hinvn cn tn ti hnui dngv biudin c heo csukhong9mgia khut,mi chsani mtphn.Cui khut csui M, lngsuisukhong1,5m,rngkhong4mthot nc voma ma.Ti thi imkhost consui nyhon ton cnnc.Thm thc vt trongkhuvc kmpht trin.


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Hnh2.7-Ton cnhkhutdn,nhntvtr cngvovngs11onchyngangquakhutdn

3.4-Hintrngkhuvc ln cnkhutdn

D n nm trong khu vc Qun 9 - l a bn c hot ng sn xut cngnghip tngi pht trin ca thnhph.KhuCngNghCao ca thnhphta lctrn ccphngTnPh,TngNhnPhA,TngNhnPhB,phngHipPh vphng LongThnhM, cchvtr dnkhong3kmvpha TyNam.Ngay ti khuvc p GinDn c cm cngnghipsnxut vt liuxydngvi mt loi cc cs sn xut gch thcng, x nghip khai thc ,nh mysn xut b tng dnglc,nh mysnxut b tngnha nng,nh my chbinvs...nmri rc xungquanh khut dn.

y cn l ni tp trungnhiua imvui chi gii tr ca thnhph.Dnnm cchkhudu lchSui Tinkhong2kmvpha ngNam,mt khuvui chi cquy

m ln ca thnhph. Khu lin hp sn golf Thc mt phn nm trn a bnphngLongBnh,mtphnnm trnabnphngLongThnhM.Ln cnkhut dn cKhudu lchSui Mvi cc loi hnhgii tr thginnhbi li, tennis, cmtri, tpyoga...v cngvinnc VitNamWaterWorld(hin ng ca).

Gnkhuvc dn,dn c tp trungkh tha tht, trongkhuvc pGinDn tngcng chc65hdnsinhsng.Ngay cnh hng rokhut, cchkhong30mvpha Ty cmt ngha trang tpht vi khong100m.


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CHNG 3-NH GI TCNG MI TRNG

1 - XC NH NGUN GY TC NG

Trn csphn tch cc ni dung cbn ca dn,nhn thyrngqu trnh thc hindnsdinra qua cc giai on c trnh tnhsau:

Cng tc chun b Pht quang, san lp mt bng, tp ktvt liu thi cng n cng trng

Xy lp cng trnh Xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh,lp t my mc thit b

Hon thin, i vo sn xut Hon thin cng trnh, a vo sdng

Trn cs, cc ngun ckhnnggynhim chomi trng tvic trinkhaidn c thknhccphnsauy.

2 - TC NG DO VIC GII TA, CHUN BU T

Khut dn trc y l Trung tmhun luyn c heo thuc khudu lchSui M, hinti tonbkhut dn c gii ta hon ton.Ngaysaukhi cbngiaot v cm ct mc, chu t tinhnhxyhngrobov.Hin trongkhutdn chcn li mt shhun luyn c heo cha san lp,ngoi ra khng cn cngtrnh dn dng no khc. Do vy tc dn khngpht sinh tc ng donb giita.

3 -TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON THI CNG XYDNG

Cc ni dung chnh ca dn l xydng csvt cht cho trng, trong cc

hngmc thi cng chyugm:- San lpmtbngkhuvc dn;

- Thi cng cc hngmc cshtngnhcp thot nc,in,giao thng;

- Xydng cc khi nh;

- Lpt mymc thitb;

Dkinqu trnh thi cngsdinra trongkhong12 thng.Cc tc ngpht sinhtronggiai onny chyunhsau:


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3.1-Ngunphtsinhtc ng

3.1.1-Tc ngdohotngtpkt cngnhntrn cngtrng

Vi thi gian thi cng12 thng, lng cngnhn thi cngdkinkhong100ngi. Hotng ca cc i tngny trongsut qu trnh thi cng c thpht sinhmt stc ngsaunmi trngv conngi:

1. Nc thi sinhhot

- Lu lngnc thi

Nc cp cho sinh hot ca cng nhn trn cng trng xy dng chyuphc vtm ra,vsinh thn thv nunngnung.Tiu chunnc thi sinhhot tnhtrn u ngi l 45 lit/ngy (p dng nh i vi cng nhn lm vic trongphn xng nng ta nhit).Nhvy vi tng lng chuyn gia v cng nhn xydng tia trn cng trngnhtrn, lu lngnc thi sinhhot dkin l 4,5m3/ngy. Thi

gian thi cng ko di trong khong 12 thng, tng lng nc thi sinh hottrongsut qu trnh thi cngdkin l 1.620m3.

- Tnh cht nc thi:

Nc thi sinhhot chyunhimbn cc cht hu cv vi sinhvt,ringnc thithot ngnunng chm lngdumv cc cht rn llng tngi cao,c tnh ti lng cc cht nhim cbn trong nc thi sinh hot tnh theou ngi nhsau12:

BOD5 (i vi nc thi lng trong) : 35g/ngi/ngy

TSS: 65g/ngi/ngy

Nitca mui amn: 8g/ngi/ngy

Cht hot ngbmt: 2,5g/ngi/ngy

2. Chtthi rnsinhhot

Cht thi rnsinhhot ca cngnhn trn cng trngxydng chyu lbaogithcphm, thuc l; cc loi thcphmdtha; u lc thuc l...

nh gi lng cht thi rn sinh hot trungbnh ca mt ngi laong trn cngtrng l 0,5kg/ngy.thi im caonht scngnhnxydng tp trungcngtrngkhong100ngi th lngrc sinhhot dkinkhong50kg/ngy.

3.1.2-Tc ngdohotngphtquang,san lpmtbng, chunbnnmng

1. Hotngphtquang,trongkhuvc cngtrng

Bc u tin tronggiai on xydng l cng tc pht quangv san lp mt bng.Giai on sdin ra cc hot ng nhcht cy,ot, san lp mt bng ti cngtrng.Bi pht sinh chyu tcngon san lp.c tnh nngbi trong qutrnhpht quangsan lpmtbng c thlnn20-30mg/m3.Ngoi ra,bi cnphtsinh tcc hot ngkhc nhvn chuynt o, ct pv vt liuxydng.

Cng tng tnhvy,hot ngxydngmng li thot nc ma,nc thi,h

thngnggiao thngni bcnggynhimbi ti khuvc thi cngv nhng


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12Ngun: HongVnHu,Gio trnhThot nc-Tp2: Xlnc thi,NXBkhoahcvkthut,2002


40/79

khuvc ln cn(cbit vonhngngynng).Hin ti,nngbi trongkhutca dn daong trongkhong t0,110,44mg/m3, caohnsovi tiu chun(nngchophp trungbnh1h l 0,3mg/m3) chyudo cc tc ng tbnngoi nhhot ng ca mkhai thc , cc lgch ln cn.Tronggiai onxydng,chc chnnngbi scn tng lnngk.Thamkhokt quoc ti mt s

v trcch cng trngang thi cng50-100m, cui hnggi cho thynngbimc 20-30mg/m3, lnhn60-100 ln tiu chunqui nhgii hn nngbi trongmi trng khng kh xung quanh. Khu vc dn nm khng gn khu dn c, chgipvi Khudu lchSui Mvpha ngNam,dovy tc ngnyhunhschnh hng n hot ng ca khu du lch Sui Mv cc cng nhn thi cng trncng trngxydng.

2. Khthi,bi tcc phngtinthi cng

Bng3.1nhgiti lngnhimtcc phngtinthi cng

STT Nguynnhngynhim c tnhhsphtthi

1Bi sinhra doqu trnhot,sani mtbng, bgi cun ln(bi ct) 1100g/m

3

2Bi sinhra doqu trnhbc dvt liuxydng(xi mng,t, ct, ...),mymc, thitb. 0,11g/m

3

5Xe vn chuyn ct, t lm ri vi trn mtngpht sinhbi ... 0,11g/m

3

(Ngun: WHO; Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution; 1993)

3. Chtthi thotngxydng(xbn,gchngi,stthp...)

Chyu l cy cipht quang,xbn,vngch,ngi,vi va vbaob ngvt liuxydng (bao xi mng, gch nn...), kim loi (khung nhm, st,inh st, dyin,ng nha, knh...) cc loi). Khi lng cht thi rn xy dng pht sinh trongqu trnh thi cngrt khxc nh.Ngun cht thi nynukhngc thugomv xl hp l sgynhimmi trngt v ngunnc mt trongkhu.

4. Tingn, chnngtcc phngtinthi cng

Bn cnhngunnnhimbi v khi thi dohot ngopt th vic vnhnhccphng tinv thit bthi cngnhmy ca,xe trnbtng,xe lu,xe i cng

gyra nhim tingnv chnngkh ln.Dbomc npht sinh t thitbthicngc trnhby trongbng 3.2. l cha kscng hng mc n do nhiuthitbhot ngng thi.

Bng3.2-Mc n cc thitbthi cng

STT ThitbCngsutm(dBA)

Thp Trungbnh Cao

1 Xe mynn(ngyn) 110 115 120

2 My trnbtng 110 115 125

3 Cn cu,di ng 110 115 120


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4 Cn cu,ngyn 110 115 120

5 Xe cht ti trc 115 120 125

6 Mypht,ngyn 105 115 120

7 Ba khoan 105 110 120

8 My lt 115 125 135

9 Myng cc 115 120 125

10 Mybm,ngyn 130 135 140

11 Mykhoan 100 105 110

12 Myko 115 125 135

13 Xe o l 110 120 130

14 Xe ti 115 120 130

(Ngun: Nguyn Hi, m hc v kim tra tingn, Nh xut bn Gio dc, 1997)

5. Nhitthatqutrnhthi cng

Tbc xnhit mt tri, tcc qu trnh thi cng cgia nhit (nhqu trnht nng chybitumtri nha ng, tccphng tinvn ti v mymc thi cngnht lkhi tri nngbc).Cc nhimny chyustc ng lnngi cngnhn trc tip lmvic ti cng trng.

6. Cc scthi cngtimn

Cng ging nhbt cmt cng trng xy dng vi qui m ln no, cng tc anton laong l vnc bit quan tm tcc nh thuu tchonngi laong trc tip thi cng trn cng trng.Cc vnckhnngpht sinhra tai nnlaong c thbaogm:

- Tai nngiao thng trn cng trng;

- Tai nn laongi vi cngnhnxydng;

- Nguy cchyn;

- Tc ngdonc ma chy trn

- Vi cngma kh cao,nc ma trnkhuvc Dn c thbnhimbnbi du, m, vn vt liu xy dng trong thi gian xy dng nu khngc phng nqun l tt.

3.2-i tngbtc ngvnhgitc ng

3.2.1-Tc ng n sc khe ca cng nhn trn cng trng v cn bcngnhnvin ca cngty

1. Tc ngdonhimmi trngkhngkh

y l tc ng ng k nht trong giai on thi cng xy dng. Ty thucvo khong cch ti tng tip xc n v tr cng trng, c thphn chia

cc i tng chu tc ngny theo3 cpnhsau:


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- Nng: cngnhn trc tip thi cngv cc i tngkhc clygn (trongvngbnknh chunhhng < 100m);

- Trungbnh: Tt ccc i tng chu tc ngclyxa (t100n500m);

- Nh: ngi i ngngangqua khuvc dn, cngngdn ccchxa khu vcdn(trn500m)

2. Tc ngdonhimtingn

Loi nhimny sc mc nng trong giai on cc phng tin my mc sdngnhiu,hot ng lin tc.Nhng tingn lnpht ra tcc thit bthi cngnhnhgi trn trn c thgymt stc ngsaunsc khe conngi:

Bng3.3-Tc ng catingni vi sc khe conngi

Mc n,dBA nhhng catingnti tmsinh l ca conngi

65 Gii hn tinnghi sinhhot.Quyry cngvic,sinhhot.Bt u c

nhhngxuvtmsinh l conngi70-75 Quyry.Bt ugykh chu.Phi togingkhi ni chuyn.

80 Kh chu.Cha gynhhngxu ti tai khi tipxc ludi

85 Bt ugybnhnng tai v bnhic (10%bic sau40nmtipxc)

90 Rt kh chu.Rt khni chuyn.

100-110 Tingnrt ln.Gy tn thngkhnghiphc tai khi lmvic ludi

120-130 Gyau tai

150 Tc khc gy tn thng thnhgic

(Ngun: Nguyn Hi, m hc v kim tra tingn, Nh xut bn Gio dc, 1997)

Nhvy, vi lng thit b thi cng hng nng tp trung trn cng trng xy dngtngi nhiu,hot ng ca cc thit bnysnhhngkhngnhnsc kheca chuyngia v cngnhn trn cng trngxydngnukhng cbinphpqunl thi cnghp l.

3. Tai nn laong

y l cc cng tc c bit quan trng trong sut thi gianxydng cc hngmccng trnhmi.Cnggingnhbt cmt cng trngxydngvi qui m lnno,cng tc an ton laong l vncbit quan tm tcc nh thuu tchonngi laong trc tip thi cng trn cng trng.Cc vnckhnngpht sinhra tai nn laong c thbaogm:

- Cng trng thi cngscnhiuphng tinvn chuynra vo c thdnn cctai nndobn thn cc xe cny;

- Khng thc hin tt cc quynhvan ton laongkhi lmvic vi cc loicn cu, thit bbc d, cc loi vt liu xy dng cht ng cao c thri v...;


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- Vic thi cng cc cng trnh trn caoslm tng caokhnnggyra tai nnlaong do trt t trn cc dn do, trn cc nh ang xy, tcng tc vnchuyn vt liu xy dng (xi mng, ct, st thp...) ln cao v nhiunguyn nhnkhc na;

- Cc tai nn laong tcc cng tc tip cnvi innhcng tc thi cngh

thngin,va chmvo cc ngdyindnngangqua ng,bogigyt dyin...;

- Khi cng trng thi cng trongnhngngyma th khnnggyra tai nn laong cn c thtng cao: t trndnnstrt ng chongi laongvcc ngvt liuxydng, cc scvindxyra hn,t mmv dlnsgyra cc scchongi v cc mymc thitbthi cng...;

- Trongqu trnhpht quang, chunbmt bngrt dbnhngngvt bstnhrn,b cp,kin, cn trng cnv ckhnnggynguyhimn tnhmng ca conngi.

4. Cc scthi cngtimnDn nm trong khu vc ngoi thnh, dn c tha tht, khng c cc cng trn xydng cao tng ln cn.Nnt khuvc tngi nnh.Hnna,dnkhng cydngnh cao tng,khngxydnghmngm csu ln.Dovy,nguy cxyracc scst lnnnt,nhhngn cc cng trnhkhc l khngngk.

3.2.2-Cc tc ngnmi trngtnhin

1. Tc ngnmi trngkhngkh

Vi c trng l mt vngngoi thnhph,mt dn ctha,khng cnhiunh dn

gnkhuvc dn.Mc dvy,mt svtr ln cnkhuvc dn cduhiunhimkhngkh.Vic trinkhai dn c thlmgia tngmc nhimkhngkh ni y.Tuynhiny chl tc ng tm thi v schmdt ngaykhi hon ttthi cng cc cng trnh.

2. Tc ngnmi trngnc

Nc thi xydngnukhngc thugomv qun l tt c thnhhngxuncht lngnc mt trongkhuvc.c bit l nc ma trnmt bngkhuvc thicngdn c thcun tri cc cht thi xydng theohthng thot nc tnhinra hthngsngSi Gn,ngunnc cpquan trng ca ThnhphHCh Minh.

3. Tc ngnmi trngtKhuvc dnvn c aphngquyhochphc vchodn.Trong tnglai cc vng ln cnkhuvc dn cngsc quyhoch thnh cngvinv cngtrnh cng cngnhkhu ththaogii tr,vnha... Dovyvic thi cngdnslmthayi mc chsdngt nhnghon tonphhpvi quyhochpht trin caaphng.y l mt tc ng tch cc.

Tuynhin cc loi rc sinhhot,rc xydngnukhngc thugom thngxuyncngsnhhngn cht lngt ai trongvngv c thtr thnh ni lu trca cc loi cn trng,bst c hi v l ngunpht sinh dchbnh cho ngi lao

ng trn cng trng.


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4. Tc ngn cc hsinhthi ngthc vt

Khuvc dnhin ti l t khngsdng,hoangha.Hsinh thi khuvc nhnchungkh nonnv khng cg c sc.Do tc ng ca qu trnh thi cngdnniukinsinh thi khuvc ny l khngngk.

3.2.3-Tc ngn cc iukinkinhtxhi

1. Giaothng

Vic bt u tinhnh xydng cc hng mc cng trnh ca dn s lmgia tngmt ca cc phng tin giao thng, chuyn chnguyn vt liu xy dng, iung thm mymc thit b, tpkt thm cng nhn...Nukhng cskt hp hiha v vic spxp cngnhqun lkhoa hc th cc cngonsgyra nhhnglnnhauv t nhiusgyra cc nhhngnmi trng,c bit l nhhnggiao thng trnxa lHNi v ngs11vokhuvc dn.

Lu lngxe vn ti dnn cng trngstng lnmt cchngk, tsgia

tng thmbibm, tingn, cc nhimnhit cngnhtai nn laong.2. Khnng chyn

Qu trnh thi cngxydngmt cng trnh lnsnysinhnhiunguynnhn c thdnn chyn:

- Vic sdng cc cngongia nhit trong thi cng (v dnhvic nu chybitumbngt (ci) nu thc hin gn khu dn ccng c khnng gy rachy);

- Qu trnh thi cngxydng cngnhdndpmtbngnu cc cngnhn lm vicbt cn(ht thuc,t la,nu cm...) th khnnggy chy l hin thcv cbit trongnhngngy tri gi th la c thlanra kh nhanh.

- Cc ngunnhin liu(duFO,DO) thng c cha trongphmvi cng trngl mt ngungy chynquan trng.c bit l khi cc kho(bi) cha nynmgn cc ni cgia nhit,hoc cc ni cnhiungi,xe ci li;

- Scchynkhc na c thpht sinh l tcc scvin.

Tm li: Mc d c mt s tc ng tiu cc nht nhnmi trng tnhin vhot ngkinh tx hi trong qu trnh thi cngxydng csh tng ca Dnnhva trnhbytrn,song chngkhngphi l cc tc ng lin tc v xuynsut

tin trnhho

t ng ca d

n.Cc tc ngnys

khng cnsaukhi cng trnh

cthi cnghon tt.Trongsut qu trnh thi cngdn, chu tsthc hiny

ccbinphpkimsot cc ngunnhimv cc tc ngpht sinhnhmgim thiunguy cnhhngndn ctrongvng.


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4 -TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON HOT NG

4.1-Ngunphtsinh cc tc ng

4.1.1-Ngunphtsinhnc thi

1. Nc maCht lngnc ma chy trnphthuc vonhiuyu tkhc nhau,cbit l tnhtrngvsinh trongkhuvc thugomnc.i vi hot ng ca dn th c thxyra tnh trngnc ma chy trn trnmt t lm cun theo cc cht cnb v t ctxungng thot nc,nukhng cbinphp tiu thot tt,sgynn tnh trngngnc ma, tonhhngxunmi trng.

Lngnc ma trongkhuvc dnc tnhkhong:

24.322m2x 1.949mm/nm = 47.404m3/nm

Nngcc cht nhim trongnc ma chy trnc tnhnhsau:

TngNit : 0,5 1,5mg/l

Photpho : 0,004 0,03mg/l

COD : 10 20mg/l

Tng cht rn llng : 10 20mg/l

Vi nngcc cht nhimnhtrnnusovi nc thi sinhhot th nc mac xem l kh schv c ththot thngra ngun tipnhnkhngqua xl.

2. Nc thi sinhhot

Ngunphtsinh

Ngunpht sinh nc thi chyu tsinh hot ca hc sinh v cc gio vin, cngnhnvin trong trng.C thphnnc thi sinhhot thot ng ca trnghcthnh2 loi nhsau:

- Nc thi nhimbndo chtbi tit ca conngi tccphngvsinh;

- Nc thi nhimbndo cc cht thi sinhhot: nc thi tnhbp,ra taychn...

Lu lng

c tnh tng nhu cu cp nc cho ton b khu trng ti a l 133,68m3/ngy. Trong chkhong53,46m3/ngy(chimkhong40%) l sdng cho ccmc ch sinh hot v pht sinh nc thi. Cc nhu cu s dng cn li nh ticy, cpb sung chohbi...hon tonkhngpht sinhnc thi. Nhvydbolngnc thi sinhra thot ng ca trng ti a khong55m3/ngy.

Tnh chtnc thi

Nc thi sinhhot thng cha nhiu cht hu cdbphnhysinhhc,ngoi racn c cthnhphnv c,vi sinhv vi trnggybnhnguyhim.c tnh thnh

phn tnh cht nc thi sinhhot cha qua xlnhsau:


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Bng3.4-Nngcc chtnhimtrongnc thi sinhhot chaquaxl

Chtnhim nvNng13 TCVN6772-

2000,mc IINh Trungbnh Nng

1.Cht rn tng cng mg/l 350 720 1200 -

-Ho tan mg/l 250 500 850 500

-Llng mg/l 100 220 350 50

-Cht rn lngc mg/l 5 10 20 0,5

2.BOD5 mg/l 110 220 400 30

3.COD mg/l 250 350 500 -

4. Tng lng Cacbonhu c

mg/l 80 160 290 -

5.TngNit(tnh theoN) mg/l 20 40 85 --Hu c mg/l 8 15 35 -

-Amoni tdo mg/l 12 25 50 -

-Nitrit mg/l 0 0 0 -

-Nitrat mg/l 0 0 0 30

6. Tng Pht pho (tnhtheoP)

mg/l 4 8 15 6(phosphate)

-Hu c mg/l 1 3 5 --V c mg/l 3 5 10 -

7.TngColiform MPN/100ml

106107

107108 108-109

1.000

8.Cacbonhu cbayhi g/l


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3.COD 13,75 19,25 27,5

4.Tng lngCacbonhu c 4,4 8,8 15,95

5.TngNit(tnh theoN) 1,1 2,2 4,7

6.TngPhtpho(tnh theoP) 0,22 0,44 0,825

7.Cacbonhu cbayhi


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Ngoi ra cn cmt lngnhpin, acqui thi,bngnhunhquang,bnhxt,dunht thi chimkhong0,6% lng cht thi rnsinhhotpht sinh.

Nhvy, tng lng cht thi nguy hi pht sinh t trng hng thng trungbnhkhong: 5kg/thng + 0,6%1.188kg/ngy20ngy/thng = 147,56kg/thng.

3. Bnthi ttrmxlnc thi

Bn thi t trmx l nc thi sinh hot cng l mt trongnhng ngunpht sinhcht thi rn. Vi cng sut x l khi i vo hot ngnnh khong 55 m3/ngym, lngbntpht sinhd kinkhong0,5m3/thng.

Cngnghxlnc thi ca trnghc khngsdngho cht nguyhi nn lngbn ny khng phi l cht thi nguy hi. Tuy nhin, lng bn thi ny cngcn c thugomv xlhp l.

4.1.3-Ngunphtsinhkhthi

1. Khthi thotnggiaothngtrongkhuvc

Huht hc sinh ca trng l con em ca nhngngi nc ngoi angsinhsngvlmvic ti thnhphHCh Minhv cc tnh thnh ln cn.Phng tinvn chuynn trng chyu s l xe t c nhn. Cc phng tin giao thng ny sdngnhin liu chnh l xngv dudiesel sthi ra mi trngmt lngkhi thi chacc cht nhim khng kh. Thnhphn kh thi gmbi,NOx, SO2, CO, CO2,VOC. Cc thnh phn ny tu theo c tnh ca mi loi m tc ng lnmi trngv sc khe ca conngi theomi cchkhc nhau.Ngoi ra, ccphngtin nykhi di chuyn cnpht ra tingn gynh hngn ngi dn trong khuvc. Tuynhin,y l ngunnhimphnbri rc nnkh c thkhng chmtcch cht chc. Mc pht thi v thnhphn nhim trong kh thi ca ccphng tinnyc nhgi nhsau:

Bng3.7-Thnhphnkhthi ca cc phngtingiaothng

Loi xe/nhin liusdng SO2(g/km)

NOx(g/km)

CO(g/km)

CO2(g/km)

Bi(g/km)

Xe 2bnh/xng 0,03 0,23 17,00 15,45 0,2

Xe hi,xe ti nh/xng 0,18 0,30 3,8 189,00 0,07

Xebus/diesel 0,18 3,26 110,05 110,05 1,40

Xe ti nng/diesel 1,86 6,10 2,51 361,02 1,40

(Ngun: inh Xun Thng, nhim khng kh, Nh xut bn i hc quc gia TPHCM, 2003)

Tthc tlng phng tin giao thng ra vo khu vc c thtnh ton c ti lng kh thigiao thng pht sinh khi dn i vo hot ng.

2. Khthi tmyphtindphng

Dn dkin su t1 my pht in dphng cng sut khong 800 KVA. Nhin liu sdng l du DO vi nh mc tiu thdkin khong 250 lit/gi.


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Bng3.8-Thnhphnvtnh chtduDO

Tn chtiu Mc

1.Hm lng luhunh,mg/kg,max 500-2500

2.Chsxtan14,min 46

3.Nhit ct,0C,90% thtch,max 360

4.im chp chy cc kn,0C,min 55

5.nht nghc 400C,mm2/s 2-4,5

6.Cn carbon ca 10% cn chng ct,%khi lng,max 0,3

7.imngc,0C,max +6

8.Hm lng tro,%khi lng,max 0,01

9.Hm lngnc,mg/kg,max 200

10.Tp cht dnght,mg/l,max 10

11.nmnmnhng500C,3gi,max Loi 1

12.Khi lngring150C,kg/m3 820-860

13.bi trn,m,max 460

14.Ngoi quan Sch, trong

(Ngun: TCVN 5689:2005 Nhin liu Diesel- Yu cu kthut)

- Lu lngkh thi:Lng khng kh l thuyt cn thit t chy hon ton 1 kg du DO l:

1Al thuyt = 11,53C + 34,34(H- O2) + 4,29S

8

= (11,53x0,857) + 34,34(0,105-

= 13,46kgkhngkh/kgduDO

0,0092

8) + (4,29x0,0025)

Lng khng kh thc tcn thit t chy hon ton 1 kg du DO, vi hskhng khtha l = 1,15:

Athc t = *Al thuyt

= 1,15*13,46 = 15,48kgkhngkh/kgduDO

Lng kh thi to thnh:

Vt = (mf -mNC) + Athc tTrong :

mf= 1kg(khi lng ca nhin liu)

14Phngphp tnhchsxtankhngpdngchocc loi nhin liudiesel cphgiaci thin trsxtan.


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mNC = 0,0001(tro trongnguyn liu)

Vt = (10,0001) + 15,48

16,48kgkh thi/ kgduDO

12,75Nm3 khthi/kgduDO(iukin tiu chun(00C,1at), t

trngkhngkh kh l 1,2928kg/m3

)Vy lu lng kh thi sinh ra do t du DO khi vn hnh my pht in cng sut 800 KVAvo khong 0,89 m3/s.

- Ti lngnhim:

Kh thi sinh ra tqu trnh t du DO bao gm bi, SO2, NOX, CO v VOC.

Bng3.9-Hsnhim ca cc chttrongkhthi khi tduDO

Cc chtnhim Hsnhim(g/kgnhin liu)

Bi 0,28

SO2 20S

NOX 2,84

CO 0,71

VOC 0,035

(Ngun: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, WHO, 1993)

Da vo nh mc tiu thv hs nhim, ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong kh thit du DO vn hnh my pht in c trnh by nhsau:

Bng3.10-Ti lngvnngcc chtnhimtrongkhthi tduDOkhivnhnhmyphtin cngsut800KVA

ChtnhimTi lngnhim

(g/s)Nng

(mg/Nm3)TCVN5939-2005(B)

(mg/Nm3)

Bi 0,019 21,3 200

SO2 0,347 389,9 500

NOX 0,197 221,3 850

CO 0,049 55,1 1.000

VOC 0,002 2,25 -

- Nhn xt:

So snh nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi vi tiu chun TCVN 5939-2005 nhmB(pdng cho csxydngmi) cho thy, trong trnghpdnsdng mypht indphng cngsut 800KVApht in trong trnghpmtin,cc chtiuBi,CO,NO2,CO trongkh thi t duDOdomypht insinhra u

t tiu chun chophp.


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3. Khthi tkhuvc tptrung chtthi rn cadn

Cht thi rnpht sinh thot ng ca Trnghc Php sc thugom tp trungvtrm thugomvphn loi rc t ti pha ngNamkhut, cnhhthngxlnc thi. Do , qu trnh lu tr (ch thu gom) spht sinh cc kh gy mi khchu tvic lnmenphnhykkh cc cht hu c.Thng thng, cht thi rns

bt uphnhysau mt ngy lu tr.Thnhphn cc kh chyusinh ra tqu trnhphnhykkh cht hu cbaogmCO2,NH3,H2S,CO,CH4.Trong, cckh gymi chyu lNH3 v H2S.

4. Khthi ththngthotnc

Thnhphn cht nhim khng kh th thng thot nc rt a dng nhNH3,H2S, cc kh ny ckhnnggymi nn c thsgynhhngnhot ngvui chi v hc tp ca cc emhc sinh.

Tuynhin, lngkh nypht sinhkhngnhiu,mt khc ngng thot nc cakhuvc c i ngmdi t,knv cc hga cnpynnkhnngnhhng

nmi trng l khngngk.

5. Khthi ttrmxlnc thi

Gingnhhthng thot nc, thnhphn cht nhimkhngkh ttrmxlnc thicng chyu lNH3,H2S, lngkh nynn cbinphpqun lv giiphpkthut gim thiu tc ngnmi trng.

6. Khthi thotngnunng

Hot ng chbinphc vba n chohc sinhv giovin, cnbcngnhnvin catrngspht sinhkhi thi tnhin liusdng trongqu trnhnunng cng

l mt ngunkh thi.Tuynhin,qu trnhnunng ti yhon tonsdnggas,l loi nhin liu tngi schnn thnhphnkh pht sinhkhnggynhhng lnnmi trngkhngkh xungquanh.

4.1.4-Ngunphtsinhtingn

Tingnkhi trnghc i vohot ngng ch tccphng tingiao thngvcc mymc thit bkthut nhmypht in, my lnh,mybm cpnc vtrmxlnc thi....nhgi mc n ca cc ngunnynhsau:

Bng3.11-Mc n ca cc thitbkthuttrongtrnghc15

Thitb Mc cngsutmthanh(dBA)Thp Trungbnh Cao

Thitbngng tlm lnhbngkhngkh 90 100 115

Mybm 55 80 105

Mybin th 80 85 90

Myiuha khngkh trnnc nh 80 90 100

Mypht in 100 105 110

15 Trch tti liumhcvkim tra tingn,NguynHi,NhxutbnGiodc,1997


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TCVN5949:1998 55-60

- Hot ng ca ccphng tingiao thng:

Bng3.12-Mc ntcc phngtingiaothng16

STT Thitb

M

cn(dBA)1 Xe 2bnh 60-70

2 Xe 4 ch,xe 7 ch 60,0-62,0

3 Xebus,xe 50 ch 72,074,0

4 Xe ti nh 75,088,0

Mc n ca ccphng tin,mymc thit bny tngi caosovi tiu chun.i vi cc ngunndogiao thng,vic kimsot rt kh thc hindoy l nhngngunphn tn.Ring tingtcc mymc thitbtrong trnghc,honn ton c

thpdng ccbinphpkthut gim thiumc nhhng.4.1.5-Nguy cchynvsc

1. Nguy cchyn

Khnnggyha hon, chyni vi trnghcbt ngun tvic sdngv tngtr cc vt liu c thgy chy nh: nhin liu, vi, giy, cao su, cc ha chtd chy Cc vt liu trnu rt dbt la v gy ra chy, n. Bn cht cc qutrnh gyra chync thc chia ra thnh4nhm chnh:

- Nhm1: chydo nhng vt liu rn dchybbt la nh: cc loi baob

giy,g,rc ri v.v....;- Nhm2: chydo cc nhin liu lngdchynh: xng,du,gasv.vgp la;

- Nhm3: La chydo cc thitbin;

- Nhm4: Chyndost nh.

Cc nguynnhndnn chy,nc thdo:

- Vn chuynnguynvt liuv cc cht dchynhxng,duqua nhngnicngunpht sinhnhit hayqua gnnhng tia la;

- Tng trcc loi nguyn liu,nhin liukhngngqui nh;

- Vtba tn thuc haynhngngun la khc vokhuvc cha xng,du,baob giy,gv.v;

- Tn trcc loi rc ri,baob giy,nilon trongkhuvc c la haynhit cao;

- Scvcc thit bin: dy trn,dyin,ng c,qut...bqu ti trongqu trnhvnhnh,pht sinhnhit v dnn chy,hoc do chpmchkhi gpma dng to;

- Scst nh c thdnn chynv.v.

16Trch tti liumhcvkim tra tingn,NguynHi,NhxutbnGiodc,1997


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Chync thgyra nhng thit hi khng thlng trc c.Dovy trongqutrnhhot ngnv trc tipqun l trnghc sch n cc cng tc phngchy cha chy tt mbo an ton cho conngi v hn chnhngmt mt, tntht c thxyra.

2. Sctrmxlnc thi tptrung

Qu trnh hot ng ca trm x l nc thi tp trung c thpht sinh s clm ngng hot ng tonbh thng hoc h thng hot ng khng hiu qudnn nc thi u ra khng t tiu chun thit k, r r, trn nc thi ra mitrng xungquanh.Scnysnhhng lnn cht lngnc mt khuvc,nhhng n cht lngt v mquan khu vc. Mt snguyn nhn c thdnnsc nh:

- Cht vi sinhvt tronghxlsinhhc: hot ng ca vi sinhvt tronghxlsinhhcphthuc rt lnvomi trngsng ca chng.Trong trnghpnc thi c nhiu cht c hi, thiu dinh dng v khng kh nui sng vi

sinhvt hoc nhit mi trngqu cao c thdnn cht vi sinhvt vlm chonngcc cht hu ctrongnc thi ura vt mc chophp.

- Hng cc thitbxl: cc mybmnc thi,bmsc kh,hthngin catrmxlbhnghc c thdndnsc.

4.2-i tngbtc ngvnhgimc tc ng

Cc ngungynhim trnsgynnmt stc ngnht nh ln cc iukin tnhinmi trngv kinh tx hi.Cc tc ng chnhc nhgi trongphnnybaogm:

4.2.1-Tcng ln cc nhntvt l

1. Tc ngnmi trngnc

Nhphn tchtrn,nc thi ca Trnghc Php chyu l nc thi sinhhot,lu lngpht sinh khng ln, mc tc ng khngng k. Tuy nhin, do khuvc dn cha chthng thot nc tp trung.Nc thi c tiu thot tnhintheo h thng sng sui knh rch trong vng. Do vynu khng cbinphp kimsot tt,nc thi nhim tdn c thgyra nhngnhhngngk.

Trong trnghpnc thi khngc xl tt th cc cht nhim trongnc thisc thtc ngxunmi trngnc.Vi nngv ti lngnh dbo

trn,nc thi sinhhot ca dnkhngqua x l c thgyngpnggymt vsinhmi trngkhuvc hoc chy trnra vng ln cn.Nukhngc tiu thottt, cc chtbn trongnc thibphnhybc hi thi, toiukin thun li chocc loi vi trng,rui mui pht trinnhanh chngv huqul rt ddnn cc dchbnh lan truyn.

Nc thi khngxl c thchy trc tipxunghthngsngsui trongvng, chyu l sui Mngay trongkhunvinkhut dn.nhimnc mt sgymtmquan, lmgim cht lng cuc sng,nhhngn cht lnghc tp ca hc sinh,ng thi nc thi c ththeodng chync mt thot ra sngSi Gnnhhngnngunnc cpsinhhot ca ngi dn thnhph.


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2. Tc ng lnmi trngkhngkh

Kh thi thot ng ca ccphng tingiao thngra vokhuvc trung l nhngngun thi di ngrt khkimsot.Bn cnh,nukimsot khng tt,vic tptrunghc sinh,giovinv cngnhnvinvtrngvonhnggicaoim c thgy n tc giao thng trn tuyn ng s11, lm gia tng hm lng cc cht

nhimkhngkh trongkhuvc.Ngoi ra nhimkhngkh cn c thpht sinh tcc ngunt nhin liukhc nhmy pht in dphng, r r h thng my lnh. Kh thi my pht in chm lngbi,SO2,NOx,CO cao c thlmnhimmi trngkhngkh trongkhuvc, ngoi ra cc cht CO,CO2 trongkh thi mypht in cn l nhng tc nhngyhin tnghiungnh knh.

3. Tc ng lnmi trngtai v cnhquan.

Vic trin khai xydng dn sgpphn gia tng tc pht trinkinh tx hitrna bnphngphng Long Bnh ni ring v ca cqun 9 ni chung.iunyslm tnggi trt ai trongkhuvc dn.

Cc loi cht thi rnpht sinh t trng hc, nu khng c x l tt sgy tcngxu chomi trngt,mi trngnc v l mi trng thun li cho cc vitrngpht trinnhhngrt xun ti nguynnc ngmm cn l nipht sinhv ly lan cc ngunbnhdo cn trng(rui, chut,...),mi,bi...nhhng trc tipn conngi v cnhquankhuvc.

Tuynhin,nudnkhnggii quyt tt vnthot nc,nc ma v nc thisinh hot c thng li gy ngp ng trong khu vc, nhim cc tngt v nhhngn cht lng mch nc ngm.Ngoi ra rc thi sinh hot v cc cht thi

nguyhi ca trnghc nukhngc thugomv qun l tt sc thgy tc ngxun cht lngmi trngt v gymt mquan trongkhuvc dn.

4.2.2-Tc ngnsc khe conngi

1. Tc ngdonhimkhngkh

Kh thi thot nggiao thngv tcc ngun thi tnhnukhngcpht tn ttc thnh hngn sc khe ca hc sinh, gio vin v cng nhn vin lm victrong trng. Hn thna, nh phn tch trn, trng nm trong khu vc chunhiunhhng tcc ngunkh thi xungquanhnhmkhai thc , cc lgch...Dovy,kh thi tcc ngunny cngvi kh thi ra tcc hot ng ca dn chacc cht nhimnhbi,SO2,NOx,CO c thgymt stc ng tiu cc nsckhe ca conngi nhphn tchtrn

2. Tc ngdonc thi

Nc thi sinhhot ca trnghc c thcha mt svi khunv mmbnh,dovynu khng c x l tt v khng kh trng trit trc khi thot ra ngun tipnhn, cc mmbnhny c thxmnhpvo cthconngi gymt sbnhnhgiunsn, tiu chy...

4.2.3-Tc ng lnti nguynsinhvtv cc hsinhthi

Khi trnghc i vohot ng,hsinh thi nhn tosthay thmt phnhsinh thitnhin trongvng.Tuynhindokhuvc nyc imsinh thi l kh ngho


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nnnndnsem li tc ng tch cc trongvic ci tosinh cnh trongkhuvc.

4.2.4-Tc ng lniukinkinht,xhi vhtngkhuvc

1. Cpthotnc

Theo qui hoch cp nc, dn s sdng ngun nc cp tnh my nc Th

c. Hin nay,ngng cp nc c dnn v tr dn, tuynhin do nhucusdng cha caonn cha cp chongi dnkhuvc ny.Dkinkhi dnivohot ng,skt ni vi tuynngnylync cp cp chodn.Nhu cusdngnc ca dnkhng lnnnkhngnhhngngknngunnc cptrongvng.

Khi dni vohot ng, tonbnc thi sc xl trc khi thot vosuiM, l ngun thot nc mt hin hu ca khu du lch Sui Mv mt shdn trongvng.Khut dnc sannn thot ncphhpvi cao trnh ca khuvc hin hu v sn c mt s tuyn knh trong khu vc nn khng gp kh khntrong vic tiu thot nc haybngpng.

2. Nhu cusdngin

Nhu cu sdngin ca dnc tnh ton cn cvo quyhoch tng thcpin ca khuvc.Dovyvic hnh thnhdnkhnggynhhngnnhu cu cpin ca khuvc.

3. Giaothngvnti

Vi tc thha nhanh chng cc qunngoi thnh,c bit l qun9vi cc khucngnghip, thhini lm chomt giao thng trongkhuvc ang tnglnngk.Tuynngi ngoi quan trng ca dn l Xa lHNi ni linkhu vc

dnvi Trung tm thnhphv cc tnh ln cn.Vic trinkhai dn c thnhhngnhot nggiao thng trongvngnhlmtng lu lngphng tingiao thng, lm choh tng giao thng nhanhxung cpnukhngc thngxuynduy tubodng...Tuynhin, tc ngny tnginhsovi mtbngpht trin chung ca abn.

4. Tc ngn cc vnxhi

Shnh thnhv hot ng ca dn c tc ngnspht trinkinh tx hi caqun9nhsau :

- Gia tng tc

th

ha ca khuv

c theo

nhh

ngquyho

ch

c xydng;

- Ci thiniukinvsinhmi trngkhuvc;

- Tng thm cng trnhphc li cng cng;

- pngc nhu cu,gpphn tng cngquanhhp tc vi quc t...


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CHNG 4- BIN PHP GIM THIU TCNG XU,PHNG NGAVNG PH SC MI TRNG

Nhng tc ng ca dnniukin tnhin, ti nguyn,mi trngv kinh tx hi cphn tchnhgi cthqua cc giai on trinkhai thc hindnv c m tchng3.

Vi nhng tc ng tiu cc ca dn, trong qu trnh xydng v thit lp dn,ChDnphi hp cngvi cc chuyngia thamgia dn ht sc ch trngnvnxydng cc binphpgim thiuv khc phc tc ng tiu cc ccgiai on ca dn. Cc binphpc trnhby theo trnh t3 giai onphttrin ca dnvbaogmnhngmc chnhnhsau:

- Ccbinphpgim thiuv khcphc tc ng tiu cc giai on thi cngdn;

- Ccbinphpgim thiuv khcphc tc ng tiu cc giai onhot ng cadn.

1 - GIM THIU TC NG TIU CC TRONG GIAI ON THICNG DN

1.1-Cc binphpbovmi trngvsc khe cngngQu trnh thi cngxydngDnTrnghc Phpkodi trongkhong1nm,khuvc thi cng tngi rng,v vyChu tdnsquan tmv c ccbinphphuhiubovmi trng, an ton laongv sc khe ca cngnhn thi cngxungquanhkhuvc.

Nhngbinphp tnghp cn thitphi pdngbaogm:

1. Quantmngaytunvnvsinhmi trng,anton laongvbovsc khe cho cngnhnngaykhi lpnthitkthi cng.tc kt qutt vcc mt ni trnkhi chnbinphp thi cngs:

- Lpkhoch thi cngvbtr nhn lc hp l, tun t, trnh chng chogia cccngon thi cngvi nhau;

- pdng ccbinphp thi cng tin tin, cgii ha cc thao tc v rt ngn thigian thi cngnmc ti a;

- Cngxngha vt liuxydng.

2. Phntchc thi cngsc cc gii phpthchhpbovanton laongvvsinhmi trng.Cth:

- Tun thcc qui nhvan ton laongkhi lpn tchc thi cngnh

ccbinphp thi cngph dsang lpmtbng,binphp thi cngt; vn


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btr mymc thit b; binphpphngnga tai nnin; thtbtr cckho,bi nguynvt liu, ln tri tm,vnchngst,...

- C cc binphp an ton laong khi lp tin thi cng nh: thi gian vtrnh tthi cngphi mbosnnh ca ccbphn cng trnh; thtthicngnhng cng trnhngm,btr tuyn thi cnghp lt di chuyn;btr

mtbng thi cnghp lkhnggy cn trlnnhau...3. Ti mtbngthi cngphi mbo:

- Cc csvt chtphc vcho cngnhn thi cngxydngnhnh n,nghngi, tmra,y t,vsinh;

- Btr hp lngvn chuynv i li;

- Phi lpro chn cch ly cc khuvc nguyhimnhtrmbin th,vt liudchyn..;

- Thit kchiusng chonhngni cn lmvicbanm;

- Che chnnhngkhuvcpht sinhbi vphunnc ti ngv cc loi vtliunh trnbtngchngbi...

Nhngbinphpni trn l nhngbinphp cbnbovmi trng, an ton laongv sc khe cngnhn.Khi thc hin cthbsung ccbinphp cththchhpt c kt qutt p.

1.2- Gimthiunhimbi vkhthi khuchtntqutrnhsannn

- Ckhoch cung thi cngv cung cpvt tthchhp.Hn chtpkt vt tvo cng mt thi im. Tin hnh sani vt liu ngay sau khi c tp kt

xunggimskhuyt tnvn liudi tc dng ca gi;- Trongnhngngynng,hn chmc nhim ti cng trng, ccbi

tp kt vt liu xydng, cc conng sc phun nc thng xuynnhm hn chbi v t ct cun theo hoc theo gipht tn vo khng kh,cbit ti khuvc cmt xe vn chuyn cao;

- Tt ccc xe vn chuynphi t tiu chunquynh ca Cc ngKimvmc an tonkthut v an tonmi trngmi cphphot ngphcvcho cng tc trinkhai dn;

- Khi chuyn chvt liuxydng, cc xe vn chuynnguynvt liusc

phknbngvi bt, trnh tnh trngri vi vt liuxydng trnngvnchuyn.Khibc dvt liuxydng, cngnhnbc dsc trangbybohlaong.

1.3-Kimsot chtthi sinhhotv chtthi xydngphtsinhtrongqutrnhthi cng

- Quynh cthvtr khuvc vsinh,bi rc... trnhphngu,vt rc sinhhotbabi gynhimmi trngdo lng cngnhnxydng thi ra.

- Cht thi rnsinhhot pht sinh ti khuvc dnsc thugomv lu trtrong cc thng cha thch hp trong khu vc dn.Chu tshpng

vi Cng tydchvcng chqun9hngngy thugomv vn chuynemixl.


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- Cht thi rnsinhhotpht sinhngykhong t50kg/ngy, tngngvi thtchkhong0,25m3/ngy.Do, trongkhuvc dnsbtr t 3 thngrc loi100 ltbtr ti cc khuvc thi cngcha rc thi sinhhot.

- Trangbnh vsinh tm cho cngnhn trongqu trnh thi cngxydng,hmthoi c xydng cnh cc ln tri ca cngnhn,c thit kc kch

thc phhpvi slng cngnhn trn cng trng.Saukhi giai on thicngkt thc,bn tronghm thoi sc ht lnbng cc xe ht chuyndngv tinhnh lphm thoi;

- Cc cht thi xydngnhbnnovt,x bn,gch...hng tunschpngvi cng tydchvcng chQun9vn chuynvbi rc theoquynh;

- Gim thiu vic sa xe, mymc cng trnh ti khu vc dn. Khu vc bodngphi c b tr tm trc v ch thng thugomdu m thi tqutrnhbodng,duy tu thitbthi cng cgii;

- Du m thi pht sinh ti khu vc dn khng c php chn lp m phic thugomvo trong cc thng cha thch hp, thng l loi thng c thtch 250 lt c t trong khu vc dn. Hpng vi n v thu gomvnchuyn cht thi nguyhi xl theoquynh.

1.4-Cc binphpgimthiutc ngmi trngtronggiai onxydng cshtng

Cc nvtrng thu thi cngxydng cc hngmc cng trnh thuc cshtngchoDnsphi tun thcc yu cuv chusgimst ca Chu tDn, cth:

- Khngt cc nguynvt liu ti khuvc dn;

- Khng tch ly cc nguynvt liu thi dchy, chngphi c vn chuynthngxuynkhi cng trng;

- B tngnha nngphc vchomt ngkhngc nu ti chmphi vnchuyn tcc trmdopha thi cng la chn;

- Cphng nvphng tinphng chng chynv an ton laong;

- Vic sdng cc thit bv mymc ckh cnc gii hn tronggilm vic: i vi cc thit b thi cng gy tingn ln nhmy khoan, o,

ng ccb tngbngba thy lc skhngc hot ng trongkhong thigian t18gin6gisnghmsau;

- Cc thit bv mymc ckh phi c bo tr thngxuynv ng thihn;

- Cc mn chnv vt cch mc sdngnhngni cn thit;

1.5-Gimthiu cc vnxhi

Kt hpvi chnhquynaphngv cc cquan chc nng c linquan tchc ccchng trnh:

- Giodc, tuyn truyn thc cngdni vi cngnhnxydng ti khuvcdn.


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- Khng chophp cngnhnxydngnukhng lmvic banmli quam trongkhuvc dn.

- Tt ccngnhnc trangbthra vokhuvc dnthun tin cho cng tcqun l.

- Kt hp cht chvi cc cquanqun la phng c linquan thc hincng tc qun l cngnhnnhp clu tr ti aphng.

2 - GIM THIU TC NG TIU CC TRONG GIAI ON HOTNG

2.1-Binphpkhng chtc ngdonhimkhngkh

1. Khng chtc ngdo cc phngtingiaothng

Cc tc nhngynhimmi trngkhngkhbaogm: kh thi tphng tingiaothng; kh thi,mi tvic tp trung cht thi rnv mi pht sinh ththng thot

nc. Tuy nhin, nh phn tch v nh gi trong Chng 3, cc tc nhn gy nhimmi trngkhngkh k trn l khngngk.V vy,phnny chxutmt sbinphp chunggpphn tomi trngkhngkh trongkhuvc dn tronglnhhn, cthnhsau:

- Tinhnh trng cc loi cyxanh thchhp ti cc khuvc sn chi,dc cctuynngni b,dc hngro trnghc nhm to cnhquankhuvc, cithinmi trngkhngkh xungquanh,ng thi hn chmc nhhngtcc ngunnhim ln cn.

- Phng tingiao thng trongkhunvinkhuvc dnc hn chtia,

chnhngxe myv t loi nhcphp lu thngvosu trongkhuvcny;

- Thugom tonblng cht thi rnpht sinh,khngcht thi rn tnngtrongngy.Cc thng cha cht thi rn chvn chuynra khi khuvc dnscbtr ti khuvc cui hnggiv c trangbnpy;

- nh kduy tu, no vt cc ng cng thot nc ma cng nhnc thisinhhot trong trngnhmgim thiu lngkhngkh pht sinh ththngthot nc gynhimmi trng.

2. Khng chnhimkhngkhdohotng catrmxlnc thi v

trmthugom,phn loi rc- Btr trmxlnc thi v trm thugom,phn loi rc nm cui hnggi

sovi cc cng trnhkhc,cbit cchxa cc cng trnh cao tng;

- Btr ti vtr thp trngsovi a hnh tonkhu, thun tin chovic thugomnc thi;

- Trng cyxanh cch lyvi mt caodc hngro ca trmxlnc thitp trungv trm thugom,phn loi rc gim thiumc pht tnnhimmi;


60/79

- i vi khuvc tp trungrc,saukhi tinhnhphn loi rc, tonblngrchu cc thu gom sc vn chuyn vbi chn lp ngay trong ngy,trnh lurc ludnn tnh trngphnhykkhpht sinhmi hi.

3. Khng chtc ngdokhthi cc myphtin

Kh thi mypht indphngsc kimsot cht chv c xl trit theonguyn tc hp thnhsau:

Scngnghxl

ng khi

Bphn khm

Dn phun

Thit bhp thdng ventury

Valve hng dng

My pht in Dung dch hp thbsung

Bcha Bm

Hnh4.1Scngnghxlkhthi myphtin

Mtcngnghxl

Kh thipht sinh tqu trnht nhin liu trongmypht insc dnvo thitbhp ththeohng tdi i ln, tipxc vi dungdchhp th(nc hoc dungdchxt long)i ttrnxung.Trongqu trnh tipxc gia hai pha kh - lng, cccht nhim v bi c trong kh thi sc ha tan vo dung dch hp thv rixungdibchapha di.

Ti bcha,phn ln dung dch hp th sc tun hon nhbm t trongb. nh k,dung dch trongbcha sc lc bng ti lc (phn c

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