DTS_Chuong 6

8/3/2019 DTS_Chuong 6

1/38

www.ptit.edu.vn GING VIN: THS.NGUYN HNG HOA 1

BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

Chng 6 MCH PHT XUNG V TO DNG XUNG

6.1. Mch pht xung

6.2. Trig Schmit

6.3. Mch a hi i

6.4. IC nh thi


2/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

Mt s chtiu nh gi dng xung vung

* Cc c trng k thut ca xung vung:

T: Chu k xung

Tf 1= : Tn s xung

TW: rng xung

Vm : Bin xung

rt : Sn trc

ft : Sn sau

* Cc ch tiu nh gi xung ng h:

- n nh tn s

- n nh pha

- n nh bin

rt ft

mV

mV9,0

mV5,0

mV1,0

WTT


3/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

Mch pht xung (Mch dao nga hi)cim:

C hai trng thi khng n nh

T dao ng, khng cn s kchhot bn ngoi

Tn hiu ra l dy xung vung

Phn loi:Mch dao ng a hi NAND TTL

Mch dao ng a hi vng RC

Mch dao ng a hi thch anhMch dao ng a hi CMOS

Dng sng tn hiu ra:

Dao

ng ahi

Q

Q

Dao

ng ahi

Q

Q


4/38www.ptit.edu.vn GING VIN: THS.NGUYN HNG HOA 4

BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.1.1. Mch dao nga hi c bn cng NAND TTL (1)

* S mch in:

- Ghp in dung hai cng

NAND thnh mch vng.

VK: u vo iu khin.

VK=1: mch pht xung khi

c ni ngun.

VK=0: mch ngng pht

xung.

I II

VK

R f1 R f2C2

C1

Vi1 Vo1 Vi2 Vo2I II

VK

R f1 R f2C2

C1

Vi1 Vo1 Vi2 Vo2


5/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


* Nguyn l hot ng:

- Khi c tc ng ca nhiu

lm Vi1 tng, xut hin qutrnh phn hi dng:

Khi , cng I thng bo ho ( )Q 0= , cng II ngt ( )Q 1= , mch bc votrng thi tm n nh.

Lc ny, C1 np in v C2 phng in.

I II

VK

R f1 R f2C2

C1

Vi1 Vo1 Vi2 Vo2I II

VK

R f1 R f2C2

C1

Vi1 Vo1 Vi2 Vo2

Vi1Vo1 Vi2 Vo2


6/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


- C1 np n khi V i2 tng n ngngthng VT, trong mch xut hin qutrnh phn hi dng nh sau:

Khi cng I nhanh chng ngt ( )Q 1= , cng II thng bo ho ( )Q 0= , mchin bc vo trng thi tm n nh mi.

Lc ny C2 np in cn C1 phng in.

- C2 np n khi Vi1 tng n ngng thng VT lm xut hin qu trnh

phn hi dng a mch v trng thi n nh ban u.

- Qu trnh dao ng lp i lp li.

I II

VK

R f1 R f2C2

C1

Vi1 Vo1 Vi2 Vo2I II

VK

R f1 R f2C2

C1

Vi1 Vo1 Vi2 Vo2

Vi2 Vo2 Vi1 Vo1


7/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


* Dng sng tn hiu ra:

* Chu ktn hiu ra :M1 M2

T t t= +

- xung ra vung u: M1 M2t t =

- Nu Rf1=Rf2=Rf, C1=C2=C,

VOH=3 V, VOL=0,35 V,

VT = 1,4 V:

( )f 1T 2 R / /R C

VH

Vo2

VL0

VT

VH

Vo1

VL0

Vi2

VT

0

0

VH VL VT- +

VH VL VT- +

=(R // R )Cn1 1 f2 1

=R Cp1 f1 2

=(R // R )Cn2 1 f1 2

=R Cp2 f2 1

t

t

t

t


8/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.1.2. Mch dao nga hi vng RC

* S:

- Tn s ca tn hiu u ra ph thuc

vo thi gian tr ca cng NAND.

*iu chnh tn s bng mch tr RC:


I II III

i1Vi2V i3V oV

I II III

i1Vi2V i3V oV

T

i1V

i 2V

i 3V pdt

pdt

pdt

T

i1V

i 2V

i 3V pdt

pdt

pdt

I II III

Vi1

Vi2

Vi3

VoVo2 RSR

C


9/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.1.3. Mch dao nga hi thch anh

* S :

Thay mt t in trong s bdao ng a hi bng thch anh.

*cim:

- Tn s ca mch dao ng chph thuc vo tinh th thch anh

m khng ph thuc vo gi tr cct in v in tr trong mch.

- n nh tn s cao, do thchanh c tnh chn lc tn s rt cao.

* ng dng: trong cc mch yucu tn hiu ng h c tn schnh xc v n nh cao.

2 21

1

o

K

0


10/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.1.4. Mch dao nga hi CMOS

* S :


* Chu kdao ng:

D D1 2

D T T

E ET T T RCln

E V V

= + = +

- Nu VT = ED/2 th T1 = T2:T RCln4 1,4RC=

R C

VK

Vi1

VO

R C

VK

Vi1

VO

ED

ED

ED

0

0

0

VO

Vi2

Vi1ET=ED /2

= RC

T1 T2

T

ED

ED

ED

0

0

0

VO

Vi2

Vi1ET=ED /2

= RC

T1 T2

T


11/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


6.1. Mch pht xung

6.2. Trig Schmit

6.3. Mch a hi i

6.4. IC nh thi


12/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

Mch a hi hai tr ng thin nh

cim:

- C hai tr ng thi n nh.

- Khi c xung kch thch, mch chuyn ttrng thi n nh ny sang trng thin nh khc.

TrigSchmit:- L mt b so snh hai ngng

- Bin i dng xung u vo thnhxung vung

Phn loi: trig Schmit TTL, CMOS

ng dng: mch dao ng, mch lcnhiu, mch so snh, ...

Q

T

Q

Q

T

Q

Q

T

Q

QQ

T

Q


13/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

TrigSchmit TTL (1) S

R1 R 2 R4

R3

R5 R7

R6

D1

D0

D3

D4T 1

T 2

T 3

T4

T5

VoV

i

EC

ZA P


14/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

VB1 = 0: T1 ngt, T2 thng bo ho.

VB1 =1: T1 thng bo ho, T2 ngt.

- Khi VB1 tng lm

VBE1 = VB1 - ILR3 = 0,5 V: T1 bt u

chuyn t trng thi ngt sang trng

thi khuch i.

- Do VB1 tip tc tng nn VCE1 = VBE2 gim xung. Sau khi T2 ri khi trng thi

bo ho m VB1 tip tc tng th xy ra qu trnh phn hi dng sau:

Mch in nhanh chng chuyn sang trng thi T1 thng bo ho, T2 ngt.

TrigSchmit TTL (2) Nguyn l hotng

R1

R2

R4

R3

R5

R7

R6

D1

D0

D3D

4T

1

T 2

T 3

T4

T5

VoV i

EC

ZA P

VCE1 VEVB1 (i )E1iC1 VBE2 (i )E2iC2 VBE1


15/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

TrigSchmit TTL (3) Nguyn l hotng

- Gi tr in p u vo VI trong

qu trnh tng ln ca n t n

ngng lm lt mch schmit c

gi l ngng trn VT+- Gi tr ngc li: ngng di VT-.

chnh lch in p:

V = VT+ - VT-.

- VB1 tng n cc i th bt u gim; khi VB1 gim n mc lm T1 ra khi

vng bo ho, T2 ra khi vng ngt th mch in li xy ra qu trnh phn hi

dng:

Kt qu mch in nhanh chng lt sang trng thi T1 ngt, T2 thng bo ho.

R1

R2

R4

R3

R5

R7

R6

D1

D0

D3

D4T 1

T 2

T 3

T4

T5

VoV i

EC

ZA P

VCE1 VEVB1 (i )E1iC1 VBE2 (i )E2iC2 VBE1

BI GING MN IN T S


16/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

TrigSchmit TTL (4) Dng sng tn hiu ra

t

to t1 t2 t3 t4

VT+

VT-

t

to t1 t2 t3 t4

VT+

VT-

t

to t1 t2 t3 t4

VT+

VT-

BI GING MN IN T S


17/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


6.1. Mch pht xung

6.2. Trig Schmit

6.3. Mch a hi i

6.4. IC nh thi

BI GING MN IN T S


18/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

cim:

- Mt trng thi n nh, mt trng thi

tm n nh.- C xung kch, mch chuyn t trng

thi n nh sang trng thi tm nnh.

- Sau mt khong thi gian nht nh,mch t quay tr v trng thi n nh.

Phn loi:

- Mch a hi i CMOS

- Mch a hi i dng trig Schmit

- Mch a hi i TTL

Mch a hii (n n, mt nhp)

ahii

Q

T Q

ahii

Q

T Q

ahii

Q

T Q

BI GING MN IN T S


19/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.3.1. Mch a hii CMOS (1) Kiu vi phn

* S :

* Nguyn l hotng:

- Ti trng thi n nh:

VI=0 th VO1=ED, VI2=ED, VO2=0.

- Khi c kch thch u vo: cng 1 nhanh chng cm v VO1=0.

Mch in RC s np in cho tin C. T C np lm in p VI2 tng

dn.

- Khi VI2 tng n ngng VT: cng 2 ng v VO2=0.

Khi , cng 1 nhanh chng chuyn v trng thi cm v lm cho mch

a hi i tr v trng thi n nh.

R

C

VI

Vo1

Vo

ED

Vi2

BI GING MN: IN T S


20/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.3.1. Mch a hii CMOS (2) Kiu vi phn

* rng xung ra:

( ) DW 0D T

ET R R C ln

E V= + *

-

R0 : in tru ra ca cng 1- Nu VT=ED/2: ( )W 0T 0,7 R R C= +

DE

IV

DE

O2V

DE

O1V

DE

I2V

WT

* Dng sng:

BI GING MN: IN T S


21/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.3.1. Mch a hii CMOS (3) Kiu tch phn

* S :

* Dng sng:

DE

I

V

O1V

I2V

OV

WT

TV

R CV I

Vo1 V o

ED

Vi2

BI GING MN: IN T S


22/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.3.2. Mch a hii dng trigSchmit

* S : * Dng sng tn hiu ra:

* rng xungu ra:

DW

D T

ET RC lnE V+

= *-

- Nu VT+ =ED/2 th: WT 0,7RC=

I

V +TV

o

WT

R

CI

o

D

V

BI GING MN: IN T S


23/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.3.3. Mch a hii TTL

* rng xung ra :

WT 0,7RC=

* S : * Dng sng:CE=5V

R

C

1V

2V3V

P

P' QQ

1

2

3 54

02 4

6 810 12 14 16

P

P

1V

Q

2V

3V

Q

3,6 V

0,3 V

3,6 V

0,3 V

0,7 V

-2,6 V

3,6 V

0,3 V

3,6 V

0,3 V

pdt (t )

BI GING MN: IN T S


24/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


6.1. Mch pht xung

6.2. Trig Schmit

6.3. Mch a hi i

6.4. IC nh thi

BI GING MN: IN T S


25/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.4.1. Mch in ca IC 555 (1)

* S :

- Mch phn p (gm 3 in tr R).

- Hai b

so snh.- u ra b so snh iu khin trigRS.

- Chn 4 cho php trig hot ng.

- u ra o ca trig iu khintransistor T to u phng in.

Ground

Trigger

Output

Reset

VCC

Discharge

Threshold

Control Voltage

1

2

3

4

8

7

6

5

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

+

-

+

-

-

+

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

BI GING MN: IN T S


26/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.4.1. Mch in ca IC 555 (2)

Chn Chc nng

1 t - GND

2 Chn kch thch

3 u ra

4 Xo - Reset

5 in p iu khin

6 Chn ngng7 u phng in

8 Ngun Vcc

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

S

R

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

100K

100K

Q

QQ

(2)

(1)

SS

RR

BI GING MN: IN T S


27/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.4.1. Mch in ca IC 555 (2)

* Bng chc nng:

TH

(6) TRIG (2)R(4)

OUT

(3)

DIS

(7)

X X L 0 T Thng

C

2E

3

> C1

E

3

>

H 0 T Thng

C

2E

3< C

1E

3>

HKhng

i

T Khng

i

XC

1 E3

< H 1 T Ngt

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

+

-

+

-

-

+

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

BI GING MN: IN T S


28/38


BI GING MN: IN T S

B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.4.2. ng dng ca IC 555 (1) TrigSchmit

- Ngng trn: T C12

V E3

+ =

- Ngng di: T C11

V E3

- =

- chnh lch in p:

T T C1

1V V V E

3+ -D = - =

- Nu a in p vo u

vo C-V th c th iu

chnh c VT+, VT- v V.

555

C-V

3

1

7

48

5

6

2

1R

2

R

3R

4R

C

I

V

O1V

O2V

C1E

C2E

BI GING MN: IN T S


29/38


B MN KTT KHOA KTT1

6.4.2. ng dng ca IC 555 (2) Mch a hii

* S :

R

IV

OV

CE

1C

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

Ec

VI

R

C

C1

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

EcEc

VIVI

R

C

C1C1

BI GING MN: IN T S


30/38


B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


* Nguyn l hot ng:

- Gi s ban u VC = 0.

- Khi cp ngun, t C np: t +ECqua R, qua C xung t, uC tng

dn.

- Khi C C2

u E3>= : R = 1 nn Q 1= , T

thng

T C phng in qua R, qua T

xung t, uC gim dn.- T C phng in n khi uC = 0.

y l trng thi n nh bn (trng

thi i) ca mch.

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

Ec

VI

R

C

C1

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

EcEc

VIVI

R

C

C1C1

BI GING MN: IN T S


31/38


B MN KTT KHOA KTT1


- Khi kch thch xung u vo:

S = 1 nn Q = 1 v Q 0= , T

ngtT C tch in: t +EC , qua R,

qua C xung t, lm uC tng

dn.

- Khi C C2

u E3

>= : R = 1nn Q 1= ,

T thng: t C phng in qua R,

qua T xung t.

- T C phng in n khi uC = 0,

mch tr li trng thi ban u.

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

Ec

VI

R

C

C1

+

-

-

+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

EcEc

VIVI

R

C

C1C1

BI GING MN: IN T S


32/38

www.ptit.edu.vn GING VIN: THS.NGUYN HNG HOA 32B MN KTT KHOA KTT1



WT RCln3 1,1RC

IV

OV

CV

CE

CE

C2E /3

WT

* rng xung ra:

BI GING MN: IN T S


33/38


6.4.2. ng dng ca IC 555 (6) Mch dao nga hi

* S :

CE

OV

0,01 F

CV

1R

2R

+

-

-+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

Ec

R1

C

C1 R2

+

-

-+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

EcEc

R1R1

C

C1C1 R2R2

BI GING MN: IN T S


34/38



* Nguyn l hot ng:

- Khi cp ngun: t C cha kp np in,

uC = 0: R = 0, S = 1 nn Q = 1, Q 0= ,

T ngt.

T C np in t +EC, qua R1, R2, qua C

xung t, uC tng ln

- Khi C C2

u E3

>= : R = 1nn Q 1= , T

thng.

T C phng in t cc dng ca t C,

qua R2, qua T xung t n cc m ca

t C, uC gim dn.

+

-

-+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

Ec

R1

C

C1 R2

+

-

-+

1

3

2

4

5

6

7

8

100K

R

S

100K

100K

Q

Q

(2)

(1)

T

EcEc

R1

R1

C

C1C1 R2R2

BI GING MN: IN T S


35/38



- Khi C C1

u E3


36/38



* Dng sng:C

2E /3

CE / 3

OV

CV

CE

napT

phT

* Chu ktn hiu ra:

+ Thi gian np:Tnp = np ln 2 = 1 20,7 (R R )C+

+ Thi gian phng:

ph ph 2T ln 2 0,7R C=

+ Chu k ca xung u ra:

nap ph 1 2T T T 0,7(R 2R )C= + = +

BI GING MN: IN T S


37/38



- xung ra vung u: nap phT T=

S dng mch c thm hai diode.

Np: t C 1 1E qua R ,D qua C v GND.

Phng: t 2 2Cqua R ,D qua T(chn 7)

xung GNDChn

1 2R R R : T 1,4RC= = =

5553

1

7

485

6

CE

CO

V

0,01 F?

CV2

1R

2R

BI GING MN: IN T S


38/38


Mch pht xung (mch dao ng a hi) khng cn tn hiungoi a vo, sau khi c cp ngun mt chiu, mch tng sinh ra xung vung.

Mch to dng xung (trig Schmit, mch n n) khng t ngpht xung nhng c th bin tn hiu u vo hnh dng khcthnh xung vung theo yu cu.

ng dng:- B dao ng a hi thng dng lm b to xung chun thigian v chun tn s.

- Mch n n thng dng nh thi v lm tr xung.

- Trig Schmit ngoi ng dng to dng xung cn ng dng sosnh mc v gim st mc

Kt chng 6

Documents

DTS_Chuong 6