Du bonheur et du bien-être dans les sciences sociales

Ilona Boniwell Pascale Haag Miriam Teschl

http://wellbeing.hypotheses.org

Première séance •  Introduction générale

–  La psychologie positive, Ilona Boniwell –  Les critiques adressées au mouvement de la

psychologie positive, Pascale Haag – Happiness and well-being in Economics, Miriam

Teschl Pause

•  Faire l’histoire du bonheur, Rémy Pawin (univ. Paris 1)

•  Introduction aux sociologies comparatives du bonheur, Gaël Brulé (univ. de Rotterdam)

Un mouvement dynamique qui suscite de l’enthousiasme et… des critiques

Figure 1. Trend of the number and type of publications over time. Donaldson, S. I., Dollwet, M., & Rao, M. A. (2014). Happiness, excellence, and optimal human functioning revisited: Examining the peer-reviewed literature linked to positive psychology. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1-11.

Critiques adressées à la psychologie positive L’apport de la linguistique

Goddard, C., & Wierzbicka, A. (2014). Happiness and human values in cross-cultural and historical perspective. In Goddard, C., & A. Wierzbicka (Eds.), Words and Meanings. Lexical Semantics across Domains, Languages, and Cultures (p. 102-126). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

•  Ethnocentrisme •  « Happiness » dans les autres langues ? (anglocentrism) •  Évolution sémantique du mot happiness : J. Bentham – T. Jefferson – J.S. Mill •  Ignorance de la diachronie : la notion d’eudaimonia

Principale critiques adressées à la psychologie positive

•  Le « flou conceptuel » –  Flourishing (Keyes 2002, 2007 ; Diener et al. 2010 ;

Huppert & So 2013) –  Eudaimonia (Waterman 1993 ; Woolfolk & Wasserman,

2005 ; Huta & Waterman 2013) •  L’ « occidentalo-centrisme » •  La prétention à l’innovation et le « séparatisme » •  Le manque de prise en compte des critiques et des

recherches menées dans d’autres disciplines •  La « tyrannie de l’attitude positive » •  L’ambiguité de la posture (descriptive vs.

prescriptive) •  Un manque de rigueur méthodologique et empirique

Eudaimonia et hedone Huta & Waterman (2013)

Principale critiques adressées à la psychologie positive

•  Le « flou conceptuel » •  L’ « occidentalo-centrisme » (Christopher & Hickinbottom 2008 ; Hackman 2009 ; Delle Fave et al.

2011 ) •  La prétention à l’innovation et le « séparatisme » (Held 2004, critiquant, par ex., Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi 2000) •  Le manque de prise en compte des critiques et des recherches

menées dans d’autres disciplines (Kristjánsson 2010, 2012) •  La « tyrannie de l’attitude positive »

(Held 2002, 2005 ; Norem 2001, 2008 ; Larsen et al. 2003) •  L’ambiguité de la posture (descriptive vs. prescriptive) (ex. Aspinwall & Staudinger, 2003 vs. Seligman 2002) •  Un manque de rigueur méthodologique et empirique

(Lazarus 2003)

Aspinwall, L. G., & Staudinger, U. M. (2003). A psychology of human strengths: Fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology. (L. G. Aspinwall & U. M. Staudinger, Éd.). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

Christopher, J. C., & Hickinbottom, S. (2008). Positive psychology, ethnocentrism, and the disguised ideology of individualism. Theory & Psychology, 18(5), 563-589.

Delle Fave, A., Brdar, I., Freire, T., Vella-Brodrick, D., & Wissing, M. P. (2011). The Eudaimonic and Hedonic Components of Happiness: Qualitative and Quantitative Findings. Social Indicators Research, 100(2), 185-207. doi:10.1007/s11205-010-9632-5

Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D.-W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings. Soc. indic. res., 97(2), 143-156.

Donaldson, S. I., Dollwet, M., & Rao, M. A. (2014). Happiness, excellence, and optimal human functioning revisited: Examining the peer-reviewed literature linked to positive psychology. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1-11.

Goddard, C., & Wierzbicka, A. (2014). Happiness and human values in cross-cultural and historical perspective. In Goddard, C., & A. Wierzbicka (Eds.), Words and Meanings. Lexical Semantics across Domains, Languages, and Cultures (p. 102-126). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hackman, J. R. (2009). The perils of positivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(2), 309-319.

Held, B. S. (2002). The Tyranny of the Positive Attitude in America: Observation and Speculation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(9), 965.

Held, B. S. (2004). The negative side of positive psychology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 44(1), 9-46. doi:10.1177/0022167803259645

Huppert, F. A., & So, T. T. C. (2013). Flourishing Across Europe: Application of a New Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being. Social Indicators Research, 110(3), 837-861.

Huta, V., & Waterman, A. S. (2013). Eudaimonia and Its Distinction from Hedonia: Developing a Classification and Terminology for Understanding Conceptual and Operational Definitions. Journal of Happiness Studies.

Keyes, Corey L. M. 2002. “The Mental Health Continuum: From Languishing to Flourishing in Life.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 43: 207-222.

Keyes, Corey L. M. 2007. “Promoting and Protecting Mental Health as Flourishing: A Complementary Strategy for Improving National Mental Health.” American Psychologist. 62: 95-108.

Kristjánsson, K. (2010). Positive psychology, happiness, and virtue: The troublesome conceptual issues. Review of General Psychology, 14(4), 296-310. doi:10.1037/a0020781

Kristjánsson, K. (2012). Positive Psychology and Positive Education: Old Wine in New Bottles? Educational Psychologist, 47(2), 86-105.

Larsen, J. T., Hemenover, S. H., Norris, C. J., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2003). Turning adversity to advantage: On the virtues of the coactivation of positive and negative emotions. In L. G. Aspinwall & U. M. Staudinger (Éd.), A psychology of human strengths: Fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology. (p. 211-225). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

Lazarus, R. S. (2003). Does the Positive Psychology Movement Have Legs? Psychological Inquiry, 14(2), 93-109.

Norem, J. K. (2001). The positive power of negative thinking: Using defensive pessimism to manage anxiety and perform at your peak. New York, NY, US: Basic Books.

Norem, J. K. (2008). Defensive pessimism, anxiety, and the complexity of evaluating self-regulation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(1), 121-134.

Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. An introduction. The American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.

Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. New York: Free Press.

Waterman, A. S. (1993). Two conceptions of happiness: Contrasts of personal expressiveness (eudaimonia) and hedonic enjoyment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(4), 678-691.

Woolfolk, R. L., & Wasserman, R. H. (2005). Count No One Happy: Eudaimonia and Positive Psychology. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 25(1), 81-90.