Earlier Explorations 1.1100’s Crusades-Islam & Spice Trade India (Moluccas-cloves) 2.New player Europe 1271-Marco Polo-IT.-China Expansion becomes a business
Earlier Explorations 1.1100s Crusades-Islam & Spice Trade
India (Moluccas-cloves) 2.New player Europe 1271-Marco
Polo-IT.-China Expansion becomes a business European Monarchs had
authority & resources to explore
Slide 3
Admiral Zheng He 1371-1435 Asia/India/Africa- Floating
cities!
Slide 4
Zheng Hes Voyages
Slide 5
Map of the Known World, pre- 1492
Slide 6
***Motives for European Exploration 1.Crusades by-pass
intermediarie (middlemen) to get to Asia 2.Renaissance curiosity
about other lands and peoples 3.Reformation refugees &
missionaries/spread the word of God 4.Gold-New Resources &
Revenue 5.God-Christianize 6.Glory-Fame & fortune for their
country
Prince Henry, the Navigator 1419-School for Navigation,
Slide 10
Museum of Navigation in Lisbon
Slide 11
Portuguese Maritime Empire 1. Exploring north/west coast of
Africa 2. 1487-Bartolommeo Dias (Cape of Storms) 3. 1498- Vasco Da
Gama reached port of Calcutta, India! 4. Cabral-Brazil-Asia/India
Spice Is-Indonesia
Slide 12
Christoforo Colombo [1451- 1506]-Italian
Slide 13
Columbus Four Voyages- 1492
Slide 14
Other Voyages of Exploration
Slide 15
Ferdinand Magellan & the First Circumnavigation of the
World: Early 16 c-potuguese
Slide 16
Atlantic Explorations Looking for El Dorado
Slide 17
Fernando Cortez/conquistador The First Spanish Conquests: The
Aztecs Montezuma II vs.vs.
Slide 18
The Death of Montezuma II
Slide 19
Mexico Surrenders to Cortez
Slide 20
Francisco Pizarro The First Spanish Conquests: The Incas
Atahualpa vs.
Cycle of Conquest & Colonization 1. Explorers
Conquistadores Missionaries Permanent Settlers 5. Official European
Colony!
Slide 25
Treasures from the Americas!
Slide 26
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Slide 27
The Slave Trade 1.Existed in Africa before the coming of the
Europeans 2.Portuguese replaced European slaves with Africans
(slave from Slav) Sugar cane & sugar plantations First boatload
of African slaves brought by the Spanish in 1518 275,000 enslaved
Africans exported to other countries 3.Between 16 c & 19 c,
about 10 million Africans shipped to the Americas
Slide 28
Slave Ship Middle Passage
Slide 29
Coffin Position Below Deck
Slide 30
African Captives Thrown Overboard Sharks followed the slave
ships!
Slide 31
European Empires in the Americas
Slide 32
The Colonial Class System Peninsulares Creoles MestizosMulattos
Native Indians Black Slaves
Slide 33
Spanish Empire in the New World 1.Encomienda -natives used as
forced labor 2.Council of the Indies Viceroy New Spain and Peru
3.Papal agreement
Slide 34
The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Church Guadalajara
Cathedral Guadalajara Cathedral Our Lady of Guadalupe Our Lady of
Guadalupe Spanish Mission Spanish Mission
Slide 35
1494-Treaty of Tordesillas Popes Line of Demarcation Betw.
Spain & port. 1494-Treaty of Tordesillas Popes Line of
Demarcation Betw. Spain & port.
Slide 36
Father Bartolome de Las Casas New Laws 1542
Slide 37
New Colonial Rivals 1.Portugal lacked numbers & wealth to
dominate trade in Indian ocean 2.1591-1 st English expedition to
the Indies drove out Portg. (India becomes British colony)
3.1595-Dutch-Netherlands-Dutch East India Company Kicked out
Portg.-Monopolized trade - Spice Is. East Asia-(cloves)
Slide 38
New Colonial Rivals
Slide 39
***Negative Impact of European Exploration ------ 1.Native
populations ravaged by disease.ex. 2.Native pop. Enslaved- Native
Americas . 3.Slave Trade Caused a Diaspora of African people/Middle
passage/Sugar mills etc.
Slide 40
Impact----- Wars & power struggles betw. Europeans (for
control of land in the new areas/control of & trade) ex; French
Indian War between.natives used in the wars etc.
Slide 41
Impact of Exploration---- Natives-Indigenous people lost
culture/religion /traditions forced to adapt European ways..ex-
Maya/Incas/Aztec and the conquers.
Slide 42
Positive Impact Influx of gold, and silver, into Europe created
wealth+++++ New products +/_introduced across continents -Columbian
Exchange+/- both positive and negative
Slide 43
+Impact of Age of Exploration Brought technology/created
Industries-money system Created railroads/roads/
canals/.schools/hospitals Emergence of the modern worldU.S -Reduced
local warfare betw. Tribes-tribes stopped fighting
Slide 44
EXTENDED RESPONSES Essay The Age of European Exploration and
conquest had both negative and positive consequences Explain the
positive and negative effects of the age of ex/colonization
