日独国際シンポジウム

学術研究職におけるジェンダードイツの取り組みの実践例

– 男女共同参画、多様性と機会均等、仕事と生活の調和 –

International Symposium on

Career Ways in Science and Academiain Germany and Japan

– Gender Issues, Equal Opportunities, Research Careers, Family and Work-Life Balance –

平成 26 年 9月20日（土）20th Sept. 2014 (Saturday)

10:00 – 17:30

会　場 / Venue:日本大学会館（本部）/ Nihon Daigaku Kaikan

〒102-8275 東京都千代田区九段南4-8-244-8-24 Kudan Minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8275

主催 / Organisers :

後援 / Supported by :

共催 / Co-organisers :

上智学院男女共同参画推進室東京都市大学津田塾大学日本大学

独立行政法人科学技術振興機構、ドイツ連邦共和国大使館 / Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Japan

ドイツ研究振興協会日本代表部 ドイツ科学・イノベーション フォーラム

趣　旨：

日本の大学での女性研究者の割合は2003年の11.2%から2012年には14%にまで上昇しています1。ドイツにおいても同様の傾向が見られ、ドイツの大学における女性教授の割合は2002年から2012年の10年の間に12%から概ね20%まで革新的に上昇したと報告されています2。この様に日本においてもドイツにおいても男女共同参画の状況は改善傾向にあるものの、まだ充分とは言えず、より均衡のとれた環境作りに向けた対策が今後も必要とされています。

今回はドイツの学術研究職における男女共同参画に対してのドイツ研究振興協会 (DFG) の取り組みが紹介されます。「学術界・研究界における男女共同参画の推進」はDFGの活動指針 (DFG Statutes §1)3 のひとつで、DFGがかかわる全ての助成事業で、男女共同参画は審査の重要な要素として取り扱われています。またDFGではより良い男女共同参画の環境作りの為にDFGの協会構成会員に対しアドバイスや支援を行っています。

このシンポジウムにおいては、日独の男女共同参画の現状、特に学術研究職における実情を確認し、双方の取り組みを共有することにより、今後、両国での男女共同参画推進に役立てること目的としています。

Objective

The number of female researchers increased from 11.2% in 2003 to 14% in 20121 at Japanese universities. Similar but slightly

more drastic change has been reported in Germany that the number of female professors rose from around 12% to almost

20% between 2002 and 20122 in German universities. Despite these improvement in numbers, gender bias still exists in both

Japan and Germany and therefore there are potential and need for further progress.

Effort of DFG (German Research Foundation) in the gender equality regard in German science research society will be

presented. The DFG has prescribed in its statutes that it "promotes equality between men and women in the scientific and

academic communities" (DFG Statutes § 1)3. In all its funding programmes “equal opportunities” is an important criteria for

evaluation. The DFG provides advice and support to the member institutions.

This symposium is to provide an occasion to look at the situation of female researchers in Japan and Germany and to

exchange ideas on good practice projects and measures implemented to increase the participation of women in science and

academia in these two countries.

1 http://www.stat.go.jp/data/kagaku/kekka/index.htm2 http://www.bmbf.de/de/494.php3 http://www.dfg.de/en/research_funding/principles_dfg_funding/equal_opportunities/research_oriented/index.html

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プログラム総合司会： 日本大学 大坪 久子

10:00 開会挨拶

ヴォルフガング・フォイト ドイツ研究振興協会(DFG)日本代表部 代表

10:10 来賓挨拶

和 田 勝 行 文部科学省 科学技術・学術政策局 人材政策課人材政策推進室室長

アンドレアス・キルヒナー ドイツ連邦共和国大使館 科学課課長参事官

10:20 セッション I： 日本とドイツの現状について

ウルリケ・アイコフ DFG プログラム評価・開発部部長

渡 辺 美代子 （独）科学技術振興機構 執行役ダイバーシティ推進室長

11:00 セッション II： 基調講演

ウルリケ・アイコフ DFG プログラム評価・開発部部長

ダグマー・ジーモン ベルリン社会科学研究センター（WZB）、DFG「研究職における男女共同参画基準」ワーキンググループメンバー

12:00 昼食・ポスターセッション

13:20 主催者挨拶　

大 塚 𠮷兵衛 日本大学 学長

13:30 セッション III： 男女共同参画の取り組みの実例紹介

野 呂 知加子 日本大学 生産工学部教授

小 舘 亮 之 津田塾大学 学芸学部教授

北 澤 宏 一 東京都市大学 学長

エファ・ライヒヴァイン DFG プログラム評価・開発部

ニケ・アルケマ DFG プログラム評価・開発部

15:30 休憩

16:00 セッション IV： パネルディスカッション

座長： ウルリケ・アイコフ 博士、渡 辺 美代子 先生

パネラー： ダグマー・ジーモン 先生、野 呂 知加子 先生、小 舘 亮 之 先生、 北 澤 宏 一 先生、エファ・ライヒヴァイン 博士、ニケ・アルケマ 博士

17:20 閉会挨拶

國 枝 マ リ 津田塾大学 学長

このシンポジウムはシャイン・ウィークス公式サイドイベントとして登録されています

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10:00 Opening Remarks / Welcome

Mr. Wolfgang FOIT Director, DFG Office Japan

10:10 Greetings

Mr. Katsuyuki WADA Director, Office for Human Resource Development, Knowledge Infrastructure Policy Division, Science and Technology Policy Bureau, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

Mr. Andreas KIRCHNER Counsellor for Science and Technology, Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany

10:20 Session I: Introducing the gender equality in science in Germany and Japan

Facts and figures on the participation of women in science and academia | Efforts in gender equality in Germany

Dr. Ulrike EICKHOFF Head of Group, Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG

Japan’s Initiatives for Gender Balance in Science and Technology

Dr. Miyoko WATANABE Senior Director, Director, Office for Diversity and Inclusion, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)

11:00 Session II: Keynote speech

Introduction of the DFG-initiative on the “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality” and progress report

Dr. Ulrike EICKHOFF Head of Group, Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG

The DFG "Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality: Organization, Reputation and Sanction matter!"

Dr. Dagmar SIMON Member of the DFG Working Group “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality”, WZB Berlin

12:00 Lunch / Poster session

13:20 Greetings

Prof. Dr. Kichibee OTSUKA President, Nihon University

13:30 Session III: Hands-on examples and experiences with gender equality

Career Way Project of Nihon University

Prof. Dr. Chikako NORO Professor, Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology (CIT) Nihon University

Building the Tsuda Model - Cross Generational Networking and Integration of Science with Arts and Humanities

Prof. Dr. Eng. Akihisa KODATE Director, Center for Women in Research, Professor, Dept. of Computer Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Tsuda College

ProgrammeModerator: Prof. Dr. Hisako Ohtsubo, Nihon University

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The reason why some of the changes are slow in Japan

Prof. D.Sc. Koichi KITAZAWA President, Tokyo City University

Role and perspective of a funding organization | DFG measures to promote equal opportunities in research and academia

Dr. Eva REICHWEIN Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG

Hands-on examples of equal opportunity measures at German universities| Excerpt from the DFG-toolbox “Instrumentenkasten”

Dr. Nike ALKEMA Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG

15:30 Coffee break

16:00 Session IV: Panel Session

Moderator/Chair: Dr. Ulrike EICKHOFF, Dr. Miyoko WATANABE

Panellists: Dr. Dagmar SIMON, Prof. Dr. Chikako NORO, Prof. Dr. Eng. Akihisa KODATE, Prof. D.Sc. Koichi KITAZAWA, Dr. Eva REICHWEIN, Dr. Nike ALKEMA

17:20 Closing

Prof. Dr. Mari KUNIEDA President, Tsuda College

This event is registered as an official side event for "Shine Weeks"

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Moderator

Opening Remarks

Greetings

Dr. Hisako Ohtsubo is a Senior Researcher, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University. She was a former Professor & Head of the Female Scientists Support Unit (FSSU) in the same university (2009-2011). She spent her early days of career at Stony Brook University, NY as a faculty member of Dept. of Microbiology. She has been working on Mobile Genetic Elements of bacteria as well as rice plants, and is recognized as one of the first members who elucidated the structure and function of those elements. She spent her recent years as a Lecturer of IMCB, University

of Tokyo. Since 2002, she has been one of the active members of EPMEWSE, an organization to promote gender equality in STEM in Japan. Her recent publications are: (1) Maximizing the Potential of Science in Japan: promoting equal participation for women scientists through leadership development in Genes to Cells (2013), (2) Japan’s lagging gender equality” in Science (2013).

Apr. 1985-present: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Since 2002, I have been developing curricula for professional training seminars for research managers from German universities/research organisations and also responsible for the staff and organisational development module, part of the master’s programme in research management at the German University of Administrative Sciences in Speyer.Aug. 2013-present: Director, DFG Office JapanApr. 2000-July 2013: Head of Human Resources and Legal Affairs DivisionSept. 1996-Mar. 2000: Head of PersonnelMar. 1990-Aug. 1996: Human Resources OfficerApr. 1985-Feb. 1990: Legal Officer

RELATED PROFFESSIONAL EXPERIENCESept.-Dec. 1991: Participated in implementing measures of the Hochschulerneuerungsprogramm EDUCATIONSept. 1982: Second State Law ExamApr. 1980- Sept. 1982: Practical Training, Higher Regional Court of CologneMar. 1979: First State Law Exam1973-1979: Study of Law, University of Bonn1971-1972: Study of Law, University of Mainz

Oct. 2013 Director, Office for Human Resource Development, Knowledge Infrastructure Policy Division, Science and Technology Policy Bureau

Oct. 2012 Director, School Health Education Division, Sports and Youth BureauAug. 2010 Director, Office for Financial Support in Upper Sec-

ondary Education, Financial Affairs Division, Elemen-tary and Secondary Education Bureau, MEXT

Apr. 2008 Deputy Director, Socio-Economic System Division, Economic and Fiscal Policy, Cabinet Office, Govern-ment of Japan

Apr. 2005 First Secretary, Information and Culture Division, Mis-sion of Japan to the European Union, MOFA

Sep. 2003 Deputy Director, International Affairs Division, Minis-ter's Secretariat, MEXT

Sep. 2001 Director, Culture Division, Nagasaki Prefectural Board of Education

Aug. 2000 Deputy Director, Local Facilities Aid Division, Elemen-tary and Secondary Education Bureau, MEXT

Aug. 1999 Senior Specialist, Information and Event Division, Sec-retariat of Kyushu-Okinawa G8 Summit, Ministry of Foreign Affairs(MOFA)

Apr. 1996 Unit Chief, Lower Secondary Education Division, El-ementary and Secondary Education Bureau, MEXT

Apr. 1994 Unit Chief, The Open University of JapanApr. 1993 Join Ministry of Education, Culture, Science, Sports

and Technology(MEXT) Educational Media and Information Division, Lifelong

Learning BureauMar. 1993 B.A. in Social Science, Waseda University

Since September 2011 at the German Embassy in Japan, Counsellor and Head of the Science and Technology Section.

He studied Law and Translation of Japanese/English at the University of Bonn and passed the Legal State Exams in 2000/2002.

At the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) he was Deputy Head of Division “Cooperation with Asia and Oceania” from 2006 until 2011. After entering the BMBF in 2003 he had worked in the divisions for “Lifelong Learning” and “Regulation of Vocational Training”.

Prof. Dr. Hisako OHTSUBOSenior Researcher, Research Institute of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyNihon University

Wolfgang FOITDirectorDFG Office Japan

Katsuyuki WADADirector, Office for Human Resource Development, Knowledge Infrastructure Policy Division, Science and Technology Policy BureauMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

Andreas KIRCHNERCounsellor for Science and TechnologyEmbassy of the Federal Republic of Germany

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Session 1

Facts and figures on the participation of women in science and academia | Efforts in gender equality in Germany

This introductory talk will present some facts and figures on the participation of women in science and academia in Germany, and take a brief look at the situation in Europe as well. It will be looked back in time to comment on the progress made to date as well as to pinpoint at further room for improvement. The different stages along the career ladder will be looked at to demonstrate the problem of the “leaky pipeline”.

Overall good progress has been made in Germany, yet the proportion of women at some career levels, particularly at the senior positions, still remains too low. Also in the crucial transition to academic independence – from doctorate to habilitation and the first professorship – there are fewer women than there could be.

The presentation will also give a brief review of the different initiatives in Germany (and Europe) to show that timing, sequencing and the political setting are critical factor of success to spur action for gender equality.

Dr. Ulrike Eickhoff received her PhD in Law in 2000 at the University of Hamburg with a thesis about Women´s Rights in Migration Law. She has graduated in Law and Economics. In the DFG Head Office she has over the years been responsible for personnel recruitment and human research development, IT project management, and the legal department. Currently she and her Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development” are responsible for the main bodies of the DFG, Senate and Joint Committee, the quality assurance of all funding

processes and the development of funding programmes as well as funding programme services. She has from the very beginning been a member of the internal steering committee of the German “Excellence Initiative”. Among others she is in charge of gender equality in the research funding process at the DFG and in this function has taken part in developing the “Research-oriented Standards on Gender Equality.”

Dr. Ulrike EICKHOFFHead of Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG Head OfficeDFG (German Research Foundation)

Japan’s Initiatives for Gender Balance in Science and Technology

Although Japan has long been a laggard in terms of gender balance in science and technology, the situation may at last be changing for the better. Japan has implemented clear initiatives to address the representation of Women in the Growth Strategy announced by the Japanese government in 2013. It has been emphasized that the expansion of opportunities for women is a key enabler. It is now the policy of the Japanese government to facilitate the full participation of female managers and working women in the workforce. The goal of women ratio in positions of leadership was set to be 30% in 2020. Accordingly, the ministries and the companies in Japan have launched programs to expand opportunities for women scientists and engineers.

Japanese female scientists and engineers have started assuming bigger responsibilities in the society. Furthermore, a number of female scientists and engineers have recently been making a far greater contribution to the research in new area and the development of new products and systems, resulting in a steam with powerful contribution to innovation in the society.

The importance of networking of women scientists and engineers has also been recognized recently. Both of internal and external networking is now more popular in Japan, in Asia, and in the world.

1979-1986 Researcher at Toshiba R&D Center1986-1988 Postdoctoral Fellow at Dept. of Physics, Dalhousie

University, Canada1996-1999 Researcher at JRCAT Project at Minister of Economy,

Trade and Industry1997 Visiting Researcher in Nanoscale Physics Research

Laboratory, The University of Birmingham, U.K.1999-2002 Senior Research at Toshiba R&D Center2002-2003 Group Leader at Toshiba R&D Center2004-2005 Chief Specialist at Audit Division in Toshiba

headquarters2005-2006 Group Leader at Power Systems Company in Toshiba2009-2012 Executive Quality Leader at Innovation Division in

Toshiba

2013-2014 Fellow and Program Director at Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)

2013-present Auditor at National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan

2014-present Senior Director at JST

Present major council & committee membershipsCouncil member of Science Council of JapanChairperson of Applied Physics Committee in Science Council of JapanCouncil member of Science and Technology Council at Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in JapanChairperson of Liaison Association Committee for Promoting Women in Physics

Dr. Miyoko O. WATANABESenior Director, Director, Office for Diversity and InclusionJapan Science and Technology Agency (JST)

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Session 2

Introduction of the DFG-initiative on the “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality” and Progress Report

In 2008 the DFG and its member organisations initiated the “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality”. With this voluntary commitment, the institutions have agreed to define and implement structural and personnel standards, aimed at ensuring gender equality in research and higher education.

The DFG “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality” have been a very important impetus for more equality at German universities. By entering into this voluntary commitment, the DFG member organisations defined structural and personnel standards for a sustainable equality policy in the research and university community. The key goal of the equality standards has been to significantly increase the proportion of women at all academic career levels on the basis of the "cascade model", which sets out targets for the proportion of women at each career level based on the proportion of women at the next lower level.

The achieved progress has been revealed in a series of reports submitted by the DFG member institutions between 2009 and 2013. These reports have been reviewed and evaluated by a working group appointed by the DFG General Assembly.

In this presentation, a brief narrative of the emergence of the DFG-initiative, the review process and the evaluation criteria will be given. It will be looked at the results of the different review rounds with a focus on the final reports and the main findings of the working group. The talk will close with an outlook to the measures that have been jointly approved by the General Assembly in 2013 to sustainably pursue the implementation process of the “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality”.

The DFG "Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality: Organization, Reputation and Sanction matter!"

In this lecture I will first discuss the situation of female scientists at German’s Universities and the last initiatives and programs of science policy to achieve more gender equality – particularly for women in executive positions. I focus on the research-oriented equality standards of the German Research foundation and their effects on the universities. The characteristics of these standards are the responsibility of the university - presidents and of the faculties/departments -, the integration into organisational action and the obligatory guidelines of personal responsibility for the increase of the number of researchers on every hierarchical level. Thereby the most important actors at the universities – the representatives of the organization and the disciplines - playing an active role in equal opportunities policy in science. These findings are discussed against the background of the german universities reforms: “New Public Management”, institutional differentiation and profile development. The third relevant actor is the German Research Foundation itself, because it is in the german science system an organization provided with much reputation. The presentation shows which effects organization, reputation and sanctions proved as success factors for equal opportunities policy and discusses finally the fact that sustainable change of gender relations in universities requires a cultural change of the institution.

Dr. Dagmar Simon studied Political Sciences and German Studies in Frankfurt/Main and Berlin, and obtained her Ph.D. at the Free University of Berlin (Dr. rer. pol). From 1979 to 1989 she worked as an editor and lecturer for numerous publishers, editorial departments and journals. Since 1989 she is a staff member of the Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB), first working as head of the department of research planning and coordination. From 2004 to 2007, Dagmar Simon and Andreas Knie co-founded the project group “Science Policy Studies”, while from 2006 to 2007 she was in charge of the scientific coordination of the then newly founded Institute for Research Information and Quality Assurance (iFQ). Since 2008 she is head of the WZB’s

research group “Science Policy Studies” focusing on empirical research in the fields of Evaluation Studies, Science Policy Studies, Analysis of Organizations and Gender Studies. She is among other things member of the BBAW interdisciplinary work group “Excellence Initiative”, member of the German Research Foundation (DFG) work group “Research-Oriented standards on Gender Equality”, she is co-editor of the social science journal “Leviathan” and member of the Advisory Board of the Journal “WSI-Mitteilungen”. Since 2013 she is a National Expert of the OECD work group "Research Institutions and Human Resources".

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Dr. Ulrike EICKHOFFHead of Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG Head OfficeDFG (German Research Foundation)

Dr. Dagmar SIMONMember of the DFG Working Group “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality”WZB Berlin

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Greetings

Session 3

Career Way Project of Nihon University

The ratio of female researchers in Japan is lower than other advanced countries, especially in the fields of science and technology (S&T). Japanese government has been implementing the measures and funds for promoting female researchers. “Career Way Project” of Nihon University, a Supporting Activities for Female Researchers Project funding from MEXT (FY2008-2010), contributed to promote female researchers and foster future generations. Not only employment of female researchers but also educational programs for developing female leaders are necessary for the promotion of gender equality in S&T. Career education programs for female students in collaboration with companies or other countries are important. For the program of fostering future generations, we had done more than 40 activities for stimulating scientific interest in collaboration with the attached girl’s high school. We also provided the opportunities for the girls to meet role models working in S&T fields and made a leaflet to show more than 100 female role models in our university. The results of the questionnaire indicate the effect of these activities on the interest and course choice of high school girls. Career Way Project has been continued as a Nihon University Chairman of the Board of Trustees Grant in FY2012-2013.

Education: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiba University (BS); Department of Biophysics , Faculty of Science, Kyoto University Graduate School (PhD)Research Carrier: Postdoctoral fellow, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP; Researcher, Group Leader, JST ERATO Furusawa MorphoGene Project; Senior Research Associate, University of Cambridge in U.K.; Researcher, JST PRESTO ”Cell and Information”; Researcher, RIKEN Brain Science Institute; Senior Research Scientist, RIKEN BioResource Center; 2005- ARISH, 2008- CIT, 2008- Cell Regeneration and

Transplantation, Med. Sch., Nihon University. 2012- Professor. Research Field: Cell Adhesion, Stem Cell in Development, Regenerative MedicineGender Equality Activities: 2008-2010 Head of Project Core, Female Researchers Support Unit, Nihon University; 2010- Chair of Gender Equality Committee, CIT, Nihon University; 2011-2013 Member of Gender Equality Committee, JST; 2012 Chair of Science Summer School for Girls at NWEC; 2012-2013 Sub-Leader of CareerWay Project, Nihon University, 2013 Chair of the 5th Japan-China-Korea Women Leaders Forum.

Prof. Dr. Chikako YOSHIDA-NOROProfessor, Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology (CIT)Nihon University

Degree Doctor of Dental Science, Ph.D.1973Reseach Field Oral BiochemistryCareer History1993- March 2014 Pofessor, Nihon University2004-2011 * Dean of Nihon University School of Dentistry * Dean of Graduate School of Dentistry, Nihon

University * Director of Dental Research Center (Dentistry)2004 Trustee of Nihon University, Incorporated

Educational Institution 2010-2011 Director of University Research Center, Nihon

University

2011- * President of Nihon University * President of Nihon University Junior College * Dean of Law School, Nihon University * Dean of Graduate School of Business, Nihon

UniversityAcademic ActivitiesPresent * Board Chairman, The Society for Hard Tissue

Regenerative Biology * Trustee, The Japanese Biochemical SocietyConsecutive * Director, Japanese Dental Education Association * Trustee, Japanese Association for Oral Biology * President, The 21st General Meeting of the

Japanese Association for Dental Science

Prof. Dr. Kichibee OTSUKAPresidentNihon University

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Session 3

Building the Tsuda Model- Cross Generational Networking and Integration of Science with Arts and Humanities -

Tsuda College was founded in 1900 as “Joshi Eigaku Juku” (Women’s Institute for English Studies) by Umeko Tsuda, as the one of the first private institutions of higher education for women in Japan. Since 1943 the college has been conducting natural science education and has currently two natural science departments, namely Departments of Computer Science and the Department of Mathematics within the faculty of Liberal Arts. The supporting activity of women in research has been ongoing triggered by the adoption of Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology of Japan Science and Technology Agency in 2009. By enhancing cross generational networking and integration of Science with Arts and Humanities, we have focused mainly on the following three programs; a) Promotion of research activities for young female researchers, b) Encouragement of graduate schools for undergraduate students, c) Science course selection support for high-school girls students.

Though some positive effects have been confirmed in the short-term as a result of these activities, we are facing the next big challenge, that is the continuation of these programs by building sustainable environment. One solution for this would be closer and more efficient collaboration with other organizations sharing the same goals.

The reason why some of the changes are slow in Japan

It is recognized that the gender equality issue has been put with “a high priority” by the cabinet office and various ministries and yet the speed of improvement in Japan has been the slowest among the OECD countries.

In my experience in an investigation commission on the Fukushima nuclear accident, we learned that in Japan there are many problems left untouched because of the negligence of the society. The problems are recognized important but few persons in the responsible administrative positions dare make key decisions while they stay in the positions for a couple of years of rotation period. The investigation committees unanimously concluded that the Fukushima accident was “man-made” rather than “natural disaster” created.

I can point out a particular nuclear safety guiding principle that was present in the Nuclear Safety Commission until recently, i.e., “There are no need to prepare in advance for the electric power loss in a nuclear power station because it is relatively very unlikely for a station blackout to occur in Japan”. This rule is said to have given an important excuse why the power companies left themselves for many years unprepared against severe nuclear accidents. They were aware that many overseas reactors had started taking necessary measures since twenty years back but they felt it to be difficult for just each one of them to speak up themselves and to set a new effective rule. “Safety myth” was the overwhelming concept in those days among the nuclear promoting community.

The decision-making process in Japan in many cases is not top down but depends upon so called “shingi-kai” or part-time deliberation council. The council “professional” members are invited part time from academia, industries and general public. They are usually the people who do not think that they are finally responsible for the results to come out, but just occasional advisors. The draft version for the council deliberation is made by each of the “administration offices of the ministry” of which the members are composed of the ministry officers who are on rotation and those dispatched temporary from the external organizations of relevance. The basic attitude of them is to adhere to the past.

It is hence relatively slow for Japan to change the society due to this reason.Therefore a top-down style need to be adopted sometimes in the decision making process. The gender equality problem seems to be

similar. Starting from the basic human right, I would like to discuss to what extent we can go.

Akihisa Kodate received his Bachelor of Engineering in 1992, Master of Engineering in 1994 and Doctor of Engineering in 2000, all from Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. He was a researcher at University of Hannover, Germany, a visiting Associate Professor at the Global Information and Telecommunication Institute of Waseda University, and a visiting Professor at Center for Digital Technology and Management of Munich, Germany. He joined Tsuda College in 2005.

Since 2010 he has been a senior research fellow of Institute of Information and Communication Policy under the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan and the Director of the Center for Women in Research of Tsuda College since 2012.He served as a secretary of the Committee for Promoting Equal Participation of Men and Women of IEICE.He has been engaged in the research of multimedia processing and its applications, such as video content analysis and personal life-log services.

1966 Graduated from University of Tokyo in Dept of Chemistry,1968 Master of Engineering from Dept of Industrial

Chemistry, Univ of Tokyo. 1972 Graduated with D.Sc. from Dept of Materials Science, MIT, US.

1972-3 DSR staff of Ceramics Division of MIT.1973 Research associate, Department of Synthetic Chemistry,

University of Tokyo1980 Lecturer, Department of Applied Physics, University of

Tokyo.

1987 Professor, Department of Industrial Chemistry,1990 Professor, Department of Superconducting Technology.1994 Professor, Deopartment of Applied Chemistry 2002 Executive Director(2002-07), Japan Science and Tech-

nology Corporation2007-11 President of JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency.2011 Chairperson of the Independent Investigation commission

on the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident.2013 President of Tokyo City University

Prof. Dr. Eng. Akihisa KODATEDirector, Center for Women in Research, Professor, Dept. of Computer Science, Faculty of Liberal ArtsTsuda College

Prof. D.Sc. Koichi KITAzAWAPresidentTokyo City University

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Session 3

Role and perspective of a funding organisation | DFG measures to promote equal opportunities in research and academia

The DFG gives highest priority to the adequate representation of women in its review and decision-making bodies. It also advances gender equality in the design of its funding programmes and through a wide range of additional measures.

The presentation will give an overview of why and how the DFG promotes equal opportunities. It will also offer a glance at the representation of female scientists within the DFG’s review and decision making bodies, as well as among the applicants and grantees.

While the “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality” of the DFG address the universities and the scientific system, the DFG as a funding body tries to ensure gender equality to men and women within its funding programmes and schemes.

The equality measures range from making allowance for the personal situation of applicants in the evaluation of their academic achievements (for example periods spent raising children) to providing additional funds for equality measures to support family-friendly measures.

Hands-on examples of equal opportunity measures at German universities | Excerpt from the DFG-toolbox “Instrumentenkasten”

This presentation introduces the webportal www.instrumentenkasten.dfg.de which offers a wide-ranging collection of measures intended to promote equal opportunities in research and academia in Germany.

This “toolbox” (so far only available in German) is a searchable, easy-to-use database which is intended to support the work of those that engage with gender equality: equal opportunities officers, researchers in the field of gender studies, policy makers and simply those that do scholarly or scientific work within the research system.

The database is an important component of the "Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality". To better support the implementation process of the defined structural and personnel standards and in order to provide assistance to its members, the DFG put up this database with quality-assured hands-on examples of equal opportunity measures.

Next to briefly explaining the structure and the different features of the database, the presentation will look at a selection of examples to demonstrate which measures are seen as particularly helpful and effective to support gender equality. A focus will be set on measures designed to allow for a better compatibility of family and career and measures that foster gender mainstreaming.

Dr Reichwein studied Social and Economic history, German Literature and Media at the Philipps-University Marburg. She was awarded her PhD in Social and Economic history in 2010 with a study on child poverty in Germany.Before joining the DFG she has worked as a research fellow at the central office of the Max Weber Foundation and was among others responsible for the “Equal Opportunities Strategy”.Since December 2009 Eva Reichwein is working at the DFG Head Office in Bonn within the Group „Quality Assurance and

Programme Development“. Since her appointment one of her main tasks have been the development, implementation and monitoring of measures to promote gender equality within the funding portfolio of the DFG. In this function she has also been responsible for the process guidance of the “Research-Oriented Standards on Gender Equality” of the DFG.Currently Dr Reichwein is also working on introducing an integrative quality management system within the DFG Head Office.

Dr Alkema studied Modern European Studies at University College London (University of London) and Politics at St Antony’s College (University of Oxford) where she has been awarded her DPhil in 2011.She has been working in management consulting for a few years where she gained extensive project experience with a focus on restructuring and change management processes.She joined the DFG Head Office in 2012 where she works within the Group “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”.

In that function she has supported the final review of the reports by the DFG member institutions within the implementation process of the “Research-Oriented Standards of Gender Equality”. She has been responsible for the site relaunch of the webportal “Instrumentenkasten” which offers examples of gender equality measures within the German university system.Furthermore she is responsible for the funding programme “Research Fellowships” which serves to promote early career researchers to carry out a specific research project abroad.

Dr. Eva REICHWEINGroup “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG Head OfficeDFG (German Research Foundation)

Dr. Nike ALKEMAGroup “Quality Assurance and Programme Development”, DFG Head OfficeDFG (German Research Foundation)

Closing

EDUCATIONB.A. Tsuda College, Tokyo,1969M.A. Columbia University, New York, 1978M.Ed. Columbia University, New York, 1979Ed.D. Columbia University, New York, 1983

ACADEMIC EXPERIENCETsuda CollegePart-time lecturer, April 1985-March 1988

Tokai UniversityAssociate Professor, April 1988-March 1991Professor, April 1991-March 1992

Tsuda CollegeAssociate Professor, April 1992-March 1998Professor, April 1998-PresentMember of the Board of Trustee, April 2005-October 2012President, November 2012-Present

Prof. Dr. Mari KUNIEDAPresidentTsuda College

日独国際シンポジウム 学術研究職におけるジェンダーInternational Symposium on Career Ways in Science and Academia in Germany and Japan