Economia_ Crecimiento Económico y Desarrollo Económico

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Economia

Portada Emprende CICLOS FORMATIVOS ECONOMIA 2º BACHILLERATO

lunes, 6 de junio de 2011

Crecimiento económico y desarrollo económico

En ocasiones se confunden los conceptos de crecimiento económico y desarrollo económico .El crecimiento económico es el crecimiento de la producción per cápita deun país Se mide por el PIB realEl desarrollo económico implica un crecimiento económico que supone unaumento en la calidad de vida de la población .

Aunque parezcan lo mismo no lo son. Un PIB elevado en paises donde lariqueza se concentra en unas pocas familias no supone una mejora en lacalidad de vida de sus ciudadanos. Para que un incremento del PIBrepercuta en la población es necesario que existan sistemas de reparto de lariqueza generada ( sistemas tributarios , sistemas sanitarios, educaciónpública, programas asistenciales........)

Sir Arthur Lewis , premio Nobel de Economía por su investigación en eldesarrollo económico, estudió los problemas de crecimiento en los paísesen desarrollo .

Opinaba que el crecimiento :

amplía las posi bilidades de elección de los individuos.

liberaba al hom bre de una muerte prematura ( comparaba lamortalidad en Africa a los 45 años con la mortalidad en Europaa los 78 años)

permite al individuo elegir entre mayor ocio o mayor cantidad de bienes

permite la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres , liberando a lasmujeres de una serie de penosas tareas.

Cuando hablamos de algún economista nos referimos a sus teorías , taleconomista dijo esto, tal economista dijo lo otro...... en ocasiones su vida esun ejemplo de trabajo y superación que también merece la pena conocer . Osdejo un extracto de la autobiografía de Arthur Lewis.

SELECTIVIDAD

PROBLEMASPRODUCTIVIDAD

PROBLEMAS UMBRAL DERENTABILIDAD

PROBLEMAS DE BALANCES

PROBLEMAS DE RATIOS Y RENTABILIDAD

¿ qué es eso de la Bolsa?

APUNTES

DIARIO Y BALANCES

Páginas

EL BLOG SALMON

SIGUE LA BOLSA

MANUAL BÁSICO DEECONOMÍA. EUMED

ECONOWEB

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DUMPING SOCIALDentro del tema sobrecomercio internacional

hemos explicado el conceptode dumping social. Eldumping social es elpracticado por empres...

LOS YANOMAMISEmpezamos unnuevo curso y espero que el

contenido de este blog ossirva para entender mejor losconceptos que se explican enclase, Por ...

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Autobiography

I was born in St. Lucia on January 23, 1915. My parents, who were bothschool teachers, had immigrated there from Antigua about a dozen years

before. The is lands were dissimilar in religion and culture, so our family had some slight characteristics of immigrant minorities.

My progress through the public schools was accelerated. When I was seven Ihad to stay home for several weeks because of some ailment, whereupon my father elected to teach me so that I should not fall behind. In fact, he taughtme in three months as much as the school taught in two years, so, on

returning to school, I was shifted from grade 4 to grade 6. So, the rest of my school life and early working life, up to age 18, was spent with fellow students or workers two or three years older than I. This gave me a terriblesense of physical inferiority, as well as an understanding, which hasremained with me ever since, that high marks are not everything.

My father died when I was seven, leaving a widow and five sons, ranging inage from five to seventeen. My mother was the most highly-disciplined andhardest working person I have ever known, and this, combined with her loveand gentleness, enabled her to make a success of each of her children.

I left school at 14, having completed the curriculum, and went to work as aclerk in the civil service. My next step would be to sit the examination for aSt. Lucia government scholarship to a British university, but I would be too

young for this until 1932. This job was not wasted on me since it taught meto write, to type, to file and to be orderly. But this was at the expense of notreading enough history and literature, for which these years of one's life arethe most appropriate.

In 1932 I sat the examination and won the scholarship. At this point I didnot know what to do with my life. The British government imposed a colour

bar in its colonies, so young blacks went in only for law or medicine wherethey could make a living without government support. I did not want to be alawyer or a doctor. I wanted to be an engineer, but this seemed pointlesssince neither the government nor the white firms would employ a black

engineer. Eventually I decided to study business administration, planningto return to St. Lucia for a job in the municipal service or in private trade. I

would simultaneously study law to fall back on if nothing administrativeturned up. So I went to the London School of Economics to do the Bachelorof Commerce degree which offered accounting, business management,commercial law and a little economics and statistics. This training has been

very helpful in the various administrative jobs I have had to do, its weakness from the standpoint of my subsequent career (which was theninconceivable) was that it lacked mathematics.

I had no idea in 1933 what economics was, butdid well in the subject fromthe start, and when I graduated in 1937 with first class honours, LSE gave

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Etiquetas: crecimiento, DESARROLLO

me a scholarship to do a Ph.D. in Industrial Economics.

In 1938, I was given a one-year teaching appointment which wassensational for British universities. This was converted into the usual four-

year contract for an Assistant Lecturer in 1939. My foot was now on theladder, and the rest was up to me. My luck held, and I rose rapidly. In 1948,at 33, I was made a full professor at the University of Manchester.--------------------

------------------Now for development economics. From the middle of the1930s, I had spent time in the Colonial Office Library reading reports fromthe colonial territories on agricultural problems, mining, currency questionsand the like, and by comparing di fferent territories, had learnt somethingabout the efficacy of different policies. I did some lecturing on this tocolonial students at LSE in the 40s, but it was the throng of Asian and

African students at Manchester that set me lecturing systematically ondevelopment economics from about 1950, following Hayek's rule that the

way to learn is to teach.-------

-----------------My wife Gladys was born in Grenada. Her father, who was an Antiguan, and my parents had known each other all their lives. She went toEngland in 1937 and trained as a teacher. We married in 1947 and have two

daughters, Elizabeth and Barbara. My travels have meant much separation, but mutual love has supported the family in all its endeavours.

From Nobel Lectures, Economics 1969-1980, Editor Assar Lindbeck, WorldScientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 1992

This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award andfirst published in the book series Les Prix Nobel. It was later edited andrepublished in Nobel Lectures. To cite this document, always state thesource as shown above.

Sir Arthur Lewis died on June 15, 1991.

preguntamos : ¿ por qué elgobierno no fija los precios y se acaba con el problema?...

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