EL PLAN NACIONAL DE DESARROLLO DEL ESTADO PLURINACIONAL DE BOLIVIA

7/21/2019 EL PLAN NACIONAL DE DESARROLLO DEL ESTADO PLURINACIONAL DE BOLIVIA

1/21

35.34.0434AC GFLWRP[GGEL BKA KWRCBF

TA[PELCGEFLCA KL KA TACL LCGEFLCA

BK BKWCPPFAAF

Lf kstcifs iuy cgfstui`rcbfs c afs icpcs gflgkptucaks pkrf, ak gukltf, sfl iuyteaks. Hrcgecs c kaafs, ul hruksf tkxtf pukbk skr rkbugebf lf c ul rksuikl, gfif afsquk lfs pkbcl kl ka gfakhef, self c ul gfloultf pkqukf y frhclezcbf bk ebkcs gacvks.Wu akgturc, tcièl rkquekrk cahf bk icc. We èkl sk pukbk elegecr ac iesic klgucaquekr pultf bka hrnegf, kl ka prkskltk gcsf, y pklsclbf kl ies gcrfs(cs) yfrbklcbfs(cs) ciehfs(cs), mk prknkrebf gfafgcr ul rkgtlhuaf elegeca gfl aktrcsicysguacs y kl lkhretcs, gfif pcutc bk frekltcgel. Lf favebk bk akkr, cltks bk pcscrca sehuekltk rkgucbrf, acs pcac`rcs sf`rk ac rcyetc, pcrc quk ka iklscok qukbk gacrf.

Ka Tacl Lcgeflca bk Bkscrrfaaf ZTLBY3, gfl skhurebcb lf ks ac legc iclkrc bkgfiprklbkr ac rkcaebcb pkrf, sk supflk quk ks - f quk bk`krc skr - ac gflgkpgelbfielcltk pcrc kltklbkr y gciècr ac rkcaebcb @faeveclc, mcstc pflkrac kl pultfpaurelcgeflca.

Ka prkskltk tkxtf gflstc bk trks pcrtks. [lc preikrc, bk gcrtfhrcnc gflgkptuca, gflguctrf gcrtcs `segcs, kxtrcgtcbcs berkgtcikltk bka TLB. [lc skhulbc, bk claeses bkaiesif, bk bflbk sk bkbugerl acs rkspkgtevcs gflgauseflks. Ac tkrgkrc ks bk pkretcok,

pcrc vkr se acs pfategcs skgtfrecaks bka Tacl pukbkl guipaer af prfiktebf? Gflstruer ulKstcbf Taurelcgeflca.

3Wk clcaezcl afs bfs bfguikltfs, ka bk oulef bk 044> y ka ifbenegcbf? BW. 05080 bk 30.45.48.

ELRPFB[GGEL

TCPRK E? AFW G[CRPF ICTCW@WEGFW


2/21

Cikretclaugmcrpfr

Hklkrc

Wk frhclezcbksbk

Suk sfl

Gfl su

Gfl su

Gfl su

Gfl

Rficlbf kl gukltc

Ac gflnehurcge l tkrretfrecabka Bkscrrfaaf Lcgeflca(Icpc bk ac Tf`rkzc)

Ac kstcèaebcb icgrfkgfliegc y aclukvc hkstel elstetugeflca kstctca

[lc pfategc bkbkgflstruggel bkaKstcbf Lkfae`krca

ICTC 3. KA L[K^F BKWCPPFAAF LCGEFLCA? TCPC EÊP @EKL

Guctrf peacrks

@FAEÊC TPFB[GRE^CLukvc Ictrez prfbugtevc bksbkafs rkgursfs kstrcthegfs

@FAEÊC BKIFGP REGCEltkrguaturca y Iuatelcgeflca

@FAEÊC BEHLCLukvc Ictrez Eltkrguaturca

@FAEÊC WF@KPCLCLukvc Tfategc Eltkrlcgeflca

Wkgtfrks Kstrcthegfs hklkrcbfrks bk kxgkbkltks?Mebrfgcrùrfs, ielkrc, kakgtregebcb, rkgursfs cièkltcaks.

Wkgtfr bk kipakf k elhrksfs

Wkgtfrks bk cpfyf (trclsvkrsca)Elnrckstrugturc pcrc ac prfbuggel? Rrclspfrtk,tkakgfiulegcgeflks y kakgtregebcb.

Wkgtfrks bk skrvegefs prfbugtevfs (trclsvkrsca)- Geklgec, tkglfafhc k ellfvcgel.- Westkic Lcgeflca bk Nelclgeciekltf pcrc ka bkscrrfaaf.- Westkic nelclgekrf prevcbf.- Ikrgcbf bk gcpetcaks.

Tfbkr Wfgeca Gfiuletcref yBksgkltrcaezcgel (cutflfic)

Trftkggel Wfgeca y BkscrrfaafGfiuletcref

- Wcaub- Kbugcgel- Oustegec- Wkhurebcb pàegc- Bknklsc Lcgeflca- Guaturcs.- Wclkciekltf @segf

- Klnfquk haf`ca- Pkacgeflks kxtkrefrks- Pkacgeflks kgfliegcs eltkrlcgeflcaks

KA L[K^F BKWCPPFAAF?TCPC EÊP @EKL

BECHL WREGF GAC K(Bkbuggel bka cutfr)

Mcy trks gfltrcbeggeflks quk ka TLB ùsgcrksfavkr?

3. Kltrk ac prfpekbcb prevcbc y ac kstctcasf`rk afs rkgursfs lcturcaks.

0. Bk ul Kstcbf quk pfskk ulc berkggelgfltrcrec ca clmkaf bk afs IfveiekltfsWfgecaks (af eltkrguaturca) y bk af TukàfsFrehelcrefs (af iuatelcgeflca).

7. Ac kxestklgec bk ulc sfgekbcb gfl suvlguaf gfl ac lcturcakzc, rftf.

FOF


3/21

Gfl bfs csks

Tcrc

Suk teklk afs

Tcrc

Suk eipaegc ac?

C trcvs bk?

c acs@faevecs?

Bkifgrtegcy Behlc.

Tkrietkl

Pkquekrkl

Ctrckl

Suk

Suk gfl cbkgucbcs pfategcsafhrcr?

Rrc`cocctrcvsbk?

TcrcSuk

Tcrc

Kst gflstetuebfpfr

Wervk

pcrc

Ks

Ac quk csuik ka lukvf pctrl bk bkscrrfaaf. Fgupc tfbf katkrretfref y bkscrrfaac afs gfipakofs prfbugtevfs. Grkc

prfbugtfs ictkrecaks k eltkakgtucaks gfl icrgc `faeveclc.Elbustrecaezc afs rkgursfs lcturcaks. Cuikltc ka vcafr chrkhcbfc sus kxpfrtcgeflks. Tfskk pfategcs prfbugtevcs y ul ikrgcbfeltkrlf nfrtcakgebf. Hklkrc kxgkbkltks. Gfltreùyk c accguiuacgel eltkrlc y afs bestreùyk kquetctevcikltk

ICRPE_ TPFB[GRE^CBK AC@FAEÊC TPFB[GRE^C

Pkgursfs lcturcaks,gfif pctreiflef bkaKstcbf

Bfguikltf bk oulef bk 0.44>- Icxeiezcr ka kxgkbkltk kgfliegf- Fpteiezcr su usf pcrc ac bevkrsenegcgel

kgfliegc kl kqueae`ref gfl ka ikbefcièkltk.

BW. 05080 bk 0.448- Frekltcbc mcgec ac trclsnfricgel, ka

gcièf eltkhrcbf y bevkrsenegcgel bk acictrez prfbugtevc, afhrclbf kabkscrrfaaf bk afs GfipakofsTrfbugtevfs Eltk rcaks

Wkgtfr kstrcthegf.Hklkrc kxgkbkltks.^c ca ikrgcbf eltkrlcgeflca.

Wkgtfr bk kipakfs k elhrksfs(acs kiprkscs bk tfbf tepf bkaikrgcbf lcgeflca)

Ctrcvkscbf pfr?Wkgtfr bk cpfyf (elnrckstrugturc).

Ctrcvkscbf pfr?Wkrvegefs prfbugtevfs.

Afs ielkrcaks

Hklkrcl rkltc

- Pkstcàkgkr su rfa, c trcvs bk ulcpfategc rkhuacbfrc.

- Icyfr gcpcgebcb bk prfbuggel.- Icyfr pcrtegepcgel bk ac rkltc ielkrc

Gfltelucr ac kxpafrcgel,kxpaftcgel kelbustrecaezcgel.

Afs mebrfgcrùrfs.

Gcpetca kxtkrlf, ka quk prkgesc bkpfategcs kspkgecaks.

Hrclbks elvkrseflks.

Bksicltkacr ka gfaflecaesif.

Ac elbustrecaezcgely ac hklkrcgelbk icyfr vcafr chrkhcbf lcgeflca.

Trksklgec y pcrtegepcgel bkaKstcbf kl ac gcbklc prfbugtevc.

ICTC 0. @FAEÊC TPFB[GRE^C(Wk kspkgenegcl sus bfs hrclbks skgtfrks)

Ka rkstf bk afsskgtfrks

Trfvkkr rkgursfs ca Kstcbf


4/21

Tcrc

Tcrc

Ks bkgerquk

Sukmcy?

Tuks

Tcrc

Ks

Wflsus

pfategcs

Tcrcbfsafhrfs

Suk ksSukeipaegc

Bkgflstruer kaKstcbf Gfafleca

@FAEÊCBKIFGPREGC

Eltkrguaturca yiuatelcgeflca

Trkkielklgecbka èklgfil sf`rkka elbevebuca.

- Bksehucabcb rkheflca.- Tfgf bkscrrfaaf kgfliegf, sfgeca y bkrkbestreùgel bk elhrksfs, af quk hklkrcpf`rkzc y kxgausel.- Ac gcusc? Ncatc bk pfategcs bkelvkrsel.

Grkcr ka Tfbkr WfgecaGfiuletcref

Acgflvkrhklgeckltrk ka Kstcbfy ac Wfgekbcb

Ka Lukvf Kstcbf bk`krkspflbkr c acslkgksebcbks bkbkscrrfaaf y ikofrcr suprfpec gcpcgebcb bkeltkrafgugel.

0.BksgkltrcaezcgelKs pcrc nfrtcakgkr acelstetugeflcaebcb bkaKstcbf.

Ka bechlstegfiukstrc

Pkgupkrcr ac gcpcgebcb csfgectevcsfgeca y afs levkaks elstetugeflcaks bkaKstcbf.

Pkgupkrcr ac gcpcgebcb cutfhksteflcrecbk ac pfàcgel, pcrc quk skc gcpcz bkhklkrcr rkspukstcs prfpecs pcrc acsfaugel bk prfàkics.

- Trfnulbezcr ac bkifgrcgec, elgfrpfrclbfc afs Tukàfs Frehelcrefs ZTFY,Ifveiekltfs Wfgecaks ZIWY,frhclezcgeflks geubcbclcs ygfiuletcrecs.

- Hklkrcr bkifgrcgec pcrtegepctevc gflklnfquk gfiuletcref y hkstel pfategcbk cbielestrcgel sfgeca.

- Kstcàkgkr kl ka pfbkr iuatelcgeflca yiuateguaturca, c afs TFs y IWs.

- Frhclezcr afs Gflskofs Pkheflcaks yLcgeflca bk Bkscrrfaaf.

3.Gfltrfa Wfgeca- Suk ks hklkrcr ullukvf pfbkr pcrchf`krlcr (prfpflkr ybkgeber).- Suk ks pcrc csuier acberkggel bka Kstcbf.

ICTC 7. @FAE EC BKIFGP REGC


5/21

Cbkis

U ul

Gflul

Tcrcac?

Fskcsu?

Ks

Ks

Ks

Gfl bfs prelgepefs bkeltkrvklgel

Fskc

Tc

rccgc`cr

Tcrc

Gfl

[l Kstcbfeltkrvkltfr - Gfl ka gkltrcaesif bk

ikrgcbf.- Gfl ka cnl gfipktetevf.- Gfl ka gflsuiesif

Treikrf eltkrskgtfrecaTcrc hklkrcr eltkrbkpklbklgecsfgefgfiuletcrec ygfipakikltcrekbcb. Kskgfliegc, sfgeca, pfategc y bkelskrgel eltkrlcgeflca.

ICTC 2. @FAEÊC BEHLC

Bksifltcr kaGfaflecaesif

- Elstetugeflcaebcbkxgauykltk y lfricsbenkrklgecbfrcs.

- Mcèaebcb bksfikteiekltf cokrcrqucs(besgepaelciekltf).

- Ahegc geveaezctfrec.

@faevec [rhkltk yWfaebcrec.

-Pkbuger rkgmcs bkelkquebcb.

- Eltkrvklgel eltkhrca bkaKstcbf kl su`rkheflkspreveakhecbcs.

- Trf @faevec scaubcàk ynfricbc.

- Trf @faevec gfl kipakf

behlf pkriclkltk.

Westkic kbugctevf bksgfaflezcbfr,eltkrguaturca, gfiuletcref y tkglfahegf

(Wfl fòktevfs bka WKBEGR)

- Pkgflstetuer ka sc`kr bk afsgflfgeiekltfs, geklgecs y tkglfafhc bkacs u. sfgefguaturcaks.

- Ks ac `csk muiclc, gfiuletcrec ygekltnegf tkglfahegc bk ac LukvcIctrez Trfbugtevc.

- Wk crteguac, sk peklsc y sk gflstruykbksbk ac prfbuggel kgfliegc, sfgeca,guaturca y pfategc.

@FAEÊC BEHLCL[K^C ICRPE_ELRKPG[AR[PCA

Pkgflstruggel bkulebcbks sfgefguaturcaks y

sus cgtfrks.- Gflstruer seiktrcs bkpfbkr.- Gflstetuer kquebcb y vebc.

Gflstruggel bk ulcbkifgrcgec gfiuletcrec.

Csehlcgel bk rkgursfs

pcrc ehucacr fpfrtulebcbks,kl kstrugturcs qukrkprfbugkl bksehucabcbkskl af pfategf, kgfliegf ykl ac rkprfbuggel bkasestkic iulbeca

Fòktevfs bkaWestkic Lcgeflca bk Wcaub, legf,

Eltkrguaturca y Gfiuletcref.

- Cteklbk y prkveklk ac scaub.- Cgtc sf`rk acs bktkrielcltks.- Bkifgrctezc ka sestkic.- Hklkrc skhurf bk scaub.- Elgfrpfrc ikbegelc trcbegeflca y pfpuacr.- @usgc ac sf`krclc caeikltcrec.- Krrcbegc ac bkslutregel.

Gflstruereltkrguaturcaebcb

Trf kipakf behlf.- Bkrkgmf ca kipakf behlf,

pkriclkltk y prfbugtevf.- Trftkhk c afs iklfrks bk

kbcb.

Wkhulbf tkrretfrecaTrf kquebcb kl ka tkrretfref,pcrc rkgflstrueraf.

Gflsfaebcr ebkltebcbks yrkspktcr ac bevkrsebcb

guaturca, crteguaclbf afrkakvcltk bk g/u, c trcvsbk ac gfipakikltcgel.

Bksifltcrkaae`krcaesif

U


6/21

AFW G[CRPF TRCAFW,TCPC ÊÊP @EKL.

Fm ifrtcaks!, prksklgecb ka hrcl gcielf, gfl su lfrtk gacrf, flbkclbf ca vekltf ? Ka

lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever èkl. Tcrc afhrcraf sk mc paclenegcbf ulc kstrctkhec bkguctrf ptcafs? Acs guctrf `faevecs.

3. Ac @faevec Trfbugtevc Z@TY pcrc gfltcr gfl ulc Lukvc Ictrez prfbugtevc bksbkafs rkgursfs kstrcthegfs.

0. Ac @faevec Bkifgrtegc Z@BkY, eltkrguaturca y iuatelcgeflca.7. Ac @faevec Behlc Z@BeY,pcrc afhrcr ulc Lukvc Ictrez Eltkrguaturca y,2. [lc Wf`krclc Z@WY, pcrc ulc tklkr ulc lukvc pfategc eltkrlcgeflca.

CLAEWEW BKA ICTC 3? AC GFLGKTGEL HAF@CA

Rfquk 3? Tcrkgk quk ka lukvf bkscrrfaaf lf chucltc ikbecs teltcs. F ks tfbf f lf mcylcbc. Tcrc ka TLB, lf `cstc elbustrecaezcr f bksifltcr ka gfaflecaesif, u ftrfs

bktcaaks. Mc`r ul lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever èkl, saf se sk afhrc ka xetf kl acsguctrf faevecs.

Rfquk 0? Wel ki`crhf, ac bknelegel bk Lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever èklks gflnusc.Kl knkgtf, af quk mcy sfl bksgrepgeflks, gcse ca ifbf bk nehurcs aetkrcrecs. Hrcgecs c kaafka csultf pukbk skr kltklbebf bk iugmcs iclkrcs. Trkskltcifs cahulcs, bk acs iugmcs?

3. Ka vever èkl ks ka cggksf y besnrutk bk afs èklks ictkrecaks, kl criflc gfl

ac lcturcakzc y kl gfiulebcb gfl afs skrks muiclfs ZY nekstc pfr gfipcrtereichelcrefs y rkacgeflks muiclcs gfipakikltcrecs.(Augk gfif se sk kstuvekrc prfikteklbf ka rktfrlf ca pcrcsf pkrbebf ).

0. Ka vever èkl ks ka klgukltrf, y paurcaebcb ggaegc y kl ksperca.(Wk ac pfbrc eltkrprktcr gfif ulc ciklczc mkhkaeclc).

7. Ka vever èkl ks elgfrpfrcr prgtegcs y gflfgeiekltfs, eltkrksks, kxpkgtctevcs ypkrgkpgeflks gfltrcpukstfs, lf pcrc gfelgeber, self gfif ulel.(Kstf ks, bk mkgmf, pacltkcr ka nel bk ac pfategc).

2. Ka vever èkl ksac gcpcgebcb bk rkgupkrcr ka vlguaf gfl ac lcturcakzc y gflZacY ikifrec sfgeca, gkltrcbf kl ac tekrrc, kl ka `fsquk, kl ka `crref y ac geubcb.(Le ac [LKWGF mc`rc rkbcgtcbf bk ikofr iclkrc, kstk fòktevf

pkbchhegf).

TCPRK EE.CLAEWEW BKA TLB


7/21

Rfquk 7? Rcipfgf mcy ul bechlstegf pcrc ac @faevec? Wfgekbcb Gfafleca yLkfae`krca. C kstc gflgausel aakhcr [b. tcièl, aukhf bk rcstreaacr tfbf kabfguikltf. Lcbek pebk quk sk elskrtk tfbf ka kstubef, `cstc`c gfl gfafgcr su rknkrklgec

èàefhrnegc. Tkrf le ksf. Tfr af tcltf, sk trctc bk ulc meptkses lf prf`cbc f, pfr afiklfs, ulc lf prkskltcbc kl ka bfguikltf. Kstc ac prelgepca rczl, pcrc quk lf sk

tkrielk bk kltklbkr acs sfaugeflks quk sk prfpflkl. Wk cskhurc quk ac lukvc ictrezprfbugtevc, rksukavk ka tkic kgfliegf: pkrf skrc iugmc ifakstec ka quk lfs beokrcl,

bk iclkrc gucaetctevc y gucltetctevc? Guaks sfl afs prfàkics kgfliegfs bk afs(cs)`faeveclfs(cs)6 Af iesif sk pukbk bkger pcrc ac sfgekbcb eltkrguaturca y

iuatelcgeflca. Ci`cs qukbcl gfahclbf kl ka cerk!

Tcrc kvetcr kstk bkscerk (f kstk ica cerk), quk pukbk eltkrruiper lukstrc hafrefscgcielctc rknakxevc, eltkltkifs akkr ka TLB kltrk alkcs y klgfltrcr, bk kstc iclkrc, sussupukstfs tkregfs. Rca pcrkgekrc quk ka TLB pcrtk bk ac gflstctcgel bk trksgfltrcbeggeflks (ka fof bka Icpc 3), quk, kl ksk ifikltf bk suàkvcgeflks sfgecaks -acs bka 0.444, 0.447 y 0.44; - krcl?

3. Ac quk kxestc kltrk ac prfpekbcb prevcbc y ac kstctca, sf`rk afs rkgursfslcturcaks.Ac sfaugel, pcrc ka TLB, kstcrc kl cskhurcr ka pctreiflefbka Kstcbf sf`rk kaacs0.

0. Ac bk ul Kstcbf quk pfskk ulc berkggel gfltrcrec ca clmkaf bk afsIfveiekltfs Wfgecaks (af eltkrguaturca), y bk af Tukàfs Frehelcrefs (afiuatelcgeflca). Ac iesic sk rksfavkrc, skhl ka TLB, grkclbf ul Kstcbfeltkrguaturca y iuatelcgeflca.

7. Bk ac kxestklgec bk ulc sfgekbcb bksvelguacbc bk ac lcturcakzc. Ac iesicsk supkrcrc, skhl ka TLB, hklkrclbf ac gcpcgebcb7 bk rkgupkrcr kavlguaf gfl kaac.

U pcrkgk quk cs ks. Ca iklfs cmfrc yc pfbrcifs bkger quk kltklbkifs, elegecaikltk,sus trks prkfgupcgeflks gkltrcaks?

3. Cskhurcrsk ka pctreiflef sf`rk afs PP.LL.:0. Pkspktcr ac behlebcb y bkrkgmfs bk afs pukàfs frehelcrefs y bk ftrfs hrupfs

sfgecaks: y7. Pkstcàkgkr ka vlguaf rftf gfl ac lcturcakzc.

Gfl kaafs afhrcrcifs ka Lukvf Bkscrrfaaf pcrc vever èklgfipcrteklbf, kltrk tfbfs,

ac iesic vesel gfsifgltregc bk vebc, cs gfif ulc lukvc gflvevklgec geveaezctfrec

2

.Tuks kltflgks, ac cltkrefr aestc bk sfaugeflks veklk c skr ulc sukrtk bk sltksesbk acstrks gfltrcbeggeflks bktkgtcbcs y quk ka TLB teklk ka prfpsetf bksupkrcracs. We ks cs,

0 Ka skgtfr kstrcthegf bk ac kgflfic, kst gflnfricbf pfr mebrfgcrùrfs, ielkrc, kakgtregebcb yrkgursfs cièkltcaks. Reklkl kl gfil, quk sfl rkgursfs lcturcaks y sfl pctreiflef bka Kstcbf. ^krCpcrtcbf ;.3 bka TLB.7Ka bkscrrfaaf kl tfrlf ca êver @ekl ks gcpcgebcb bk rkgupkrcr ka vlguaf gfl ac lcturcakzc ZY 0.3. Accriflc gfl ac lcturcakzc, bka TLB. 2 Ka lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrtk bk ulc vesel gfsifgltregc. Kxprksc ka klgukltrf kltrk pukàfs ygfiulebcbks, rkspktclbf ac bevkrsebcb k ebkltebcb guaturca. ZY. Ks vever gfif pcrtk bk ulc gfiulebcb.Ks vever èkl, kl criflc gfl ac lcturcakzc, kl kqueae`ref gfl af quk lfs rfbkc. Ks ac sctesncggel

gfipcrtebc bk acs lkgksebcbks muiclcs quk elgauyk ac cnkgtevebcb, ka prkstehef sfgeca. Wk kbenegc bksbkulc ahegc paurelcgeflca bk gflvevklgec geveaezctfrec. Rficbf y rksuiebf bka cgpetk 0.3. Ac

gflgkpgel bk bkscrrfaaf, bka TLB.


8/21

kltflgks sk kst usclbf ka itfbf becagtegf - icrxestc f mkhkaeclf. Cy qu bubcs!.Tkrf, y se lf ks cs6 Su lf bcrcifs pfrquk lfs gmesikkl, gua ka itfbf y kabechlstegf, uteaezcbfs. Cs sk kvetcrcl acs kspkguacgeflks bk afs ica pklscbfs.

Tkrf ks oustcikltk kstc cusklgec, ac quk mcgk sfspkgmfscs acs kxpaegcgeflks. Bk mkgmf,

ac iclkrc bk supkrcr ac preikrc gfltrcbeggel, lf gflvklgk c lcbek. Lf sk pukbkrksfavkr ka tkic bk ac prfpekbcb, elbegclbf quk afs `faeveclfs tklkifs bkrkgmf capctreiflefsf`rk afs PP.LL.? Wfifs sus bukfs y pultf;. Tfr af bkis, sk trctc bk ulskfrf quk rksuik y oustenegc ka hrcl ebkca `faeveclf bk ac lcgel.

Rcièl, skrc gmestfsf pklscr quk, pcrc rksfavkr ka prfàkic bk vever bksvelguacbfs bkac lcturcakzc, skc sunegekltk hklkrcr ac gcpcgebcb sfgeca bk rkgupkrcr ksk vlguaf.Cgcsf ka kqueae`ref gfsifhlegf, ks ulc gcpcgebcb6 (ulc gfipktklgec>,gfrrkherc is èkl yf). We nuksk cs kltflgks acs suàkvcgeflks bka 0444, 0447 y 0444;kstl pfr bkis. Muèksk `cstcbf mcgkr ulfs gursfs pcrc cbquerer ksc gcpcgebcb

CLAEWEW BK AC @FAEÊC TPFB[GRE^C Z@TY

Ka Icpc 0 bk ac @T, eltkltc cgacrcr trks cspkgtfs gkltrcaks?

3. Frhclezc ac kgflfic `faeveclc kl trks skgtfrks?c. Ka Wkgtfr Kstrcthegf - eltklsevf kl gcpetca - bflbk sk ùsgc icxeiezcr ka

kxgkbkltk kgfliegf8, fpteiezcr su usf pcrc ac bevkrsenegcgel kgfliegc, y kaelgrkikltf bka èklkstcr, kl kqueae`ref gfl ka ikbef cièkltk. Elgauyk?Mebrfgcrùrfs, ielkrc, kakgtregebcb y rkgursfs cièkltcaks: tfbfs kaafscsuiebfs gfif pctreiflef bka Kstcbf. Kstk iesif, rkhuacr ac prfbuggelielkrc (cuikltf bk ac prfbuggel, ka gfltrfa y ac nesgcaezcgel): y acelbustrecaezcgel bk afs mebrfgcrùrfs (gfl su prksklgec y pcrtegepcgel kl acgcbklc prfbugtevc).

`. Acs bka Wkgtfr Hklkrcbfr bk Kipakf k Elhrksfs. Eltklsevfs kl iclf bk f`rc,gfl `cof levka bk bkscrrfaaf tkglfahegf y prfbuggel gflbegeflcbc pfr acbkiclbc eltkrlc. Elgauyk chrfpkgucrec k elbustrec.

g. Afs trks Wkgtfrks Rrclsvkrscaks? Ka bk Cpfyf: ka bk Elnrckstrugturc pcrc acTrfbuggel: y ka bk Wkrvegefs Trfbugtevfs=.

0. Ka usf bka kxgkbkltk kgfliegf? Bk`k skrverpcrc rksfavkr afs prfàkics bka skgtfrbk kipakf k elhrksfs y ka bk skrvegefs prfbugtevfs5.

;Wkhl afs kltklbebfs, ka pctreiflef, ks ka gfloultf bk bkrkgmfs y fàehcgeflks quk teklk ulc pkrsflc,iesifs quk sk pukbkl trcbuger c ul ifltf bk belkrf. Tukbk skr kgfliegf f ourbegf, yc skc quk sk kstmcàclbf bk fàehcgeflks y bkrkgmfs kgfliegfs f bk gfltrctfs. Tfr su acbf ac prfpekbcb, ks ka pfbkr

ourbegf quk teklk ka bukf bk ul èkl, pcrc bespflkr bk a gfif ak paczgc, sel is aeietcgel quk acs qukneocl acs akyks.>We afhrcifs gfiprklbkr ul sc`kr, tcltf gfif pcrc skhuer prfnulbezlbfaf, tklkifs ul gflfgeiekltf.We pfbkifs rkacgeflcraf tkregcikltk gfl ac rkcaebcb, tklkifs ulc gcpcgebcb. We cbkis pfbkifscpaegcraf c begmc rkcaebcb pcrc su trclsnfricgel, tklkifs ulc mcèaebcb. Tfr ateif se pfbkifsskakggeflcr ka gfloultf cbkgucbf bk gflfgeiekltfs, gcpcgebcbks y mcèaebcbks, pcrc gfiprklbkr ytrclsnfricr ulc rkcaebcb, tklkifs ulc gfipktklgec.8Ka TLB kspkgenegc quk pcrc ac elbustrecaezcgel, lf sk cpaegcr elbesgreielcbcikltk ac tkglfafhc. Is

èkl, sk gfièlcrl afs hrclbks cvclgks tkglfahegfs, gfl afs sc`krks y gflfgeiekltfs afgcaks. ^krprrcnf ;.0 Tfategcs Lcgeflcaks Trfbugtevcs.=TLB. ;.3 Ac nfricgel bk ac ictrez prfbugtevc lcgeflca.


9/21

Wkgtfr Kstrcthegf?Gcpetcaestc yhaf`caezcbf. Ks ka qukhklkrc kxgkbkltk.

7. Tcrc ac rkprfbuggel sfgeca bka TLB, sk sf`rkklteklbk quk sk uscr gfif au`regcltk(ebkfafhc), ka bkrevcbf bka fòktevf icyfr? Ka lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever èkl.Tfraf tcltf sk bkbugk quk, pcrc ka TLB, ac rkcaebcb `faeveclc sk frhclezc kl tfrlf c bfskstrugturcs bk rkacgeflks bk prfbuggel? Acs bka Wkgtfr Kstrcthegf (gcpetcaestcshaf`caezcbcs): y acs bka Hklkrcbfr bk Kipakf k Elhrksfs y acs bfs trclsvkrscaks

(gcpetcaestcs y gfaflecaks) (vkr Nehurc 2).

NEH[PC 2. ACW BFW GCPCW BK AC KGFLFIC @FAEÊCLC

Wf`rk kstk pacltkciekltf - yc trcbegeflca kl ac sfgefafhc `faeveclc - sk gflstruyk ackstrctkhec bk afs guctrf ptcafs, yc begmc. Ac ebkc (quk lf ks lcbetc lukvc), ks quk afsafhrfs bka Wkgtfr Kstrcthegf, skrverl pcrc ka bkscrrfaaf bka rkstf bk afs skgtfrks (acnakgmc hruksc kl ka Icpc 0). Cmfrc èkl,* se af gkltrca bk ac @faevec prfbugtevc kshklkrcr rkgursfs pcrc ac @Bk y ac @Be? Blbk kstl sus bechlstegfs bklkgksebcbks6 F ka bka lkhfgef bka hcs6

We èkl sk klteklbk ac ikglegc eipagetc kl ac @T? Lf mcy prfàkic, af quk lf sk vk, ksblbk kst ac kgflfic paurca6. Ka TLB, kl vkz bk mcàcrlfs bk ac kgflfic kstctca,ac gfiuletcrec, ac prevcbc y ac sfgeca gffpkrctevc, lfs scatc gfl skgtfrks. We acbknelegel bka lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever èkl krc gflnusc, ac gcrcgtkrezcgel bk ackgflfic lcgeflca lf sk qukbc ctrs34. Tfr af tcltf, gfif lf sk pukbk sc`kr se sk kstlmcàclbf bk kgflfics f bk skgtfrks, tcipfgf sk sc`k qu ebkfafhc cpfrtcl, pcrcsu rkprfbuggel, ulcs u ftrcs prgtegcs sfgecaks. Lukvcikltk sk rkgacic? Blbk kstlafs bechlstegfs bk afs prfgksfs prfbugtevfs y sus prgtegcs, lkgkscrefs pcrc oustenegcrulf u ftrf pultf bk vestc6

Tfr ateif ulc ftrc gukstel lf iklfs eipfrtcltk. Acs kxpfrtcgeflks bk hcs y bkielkrcaks sk knkgtevezcl c trcvs bk gfltrctfs. Acs gflbegeflks kl acs quk sk rkbcgtcl afsiesifs, pkrietkl ac prksklgec, icyfr f iklfr, bk acs rkacgeflks sfgecaks bk prfbuggelkl acs quk sk bkscrrfaacl acs rkspkgtevcs kiprkscs. Kstf ks veseàk, pfr kokipaf, kl afs

5 Ka Kstcbf ZY cskhurcr ka bkscrrfaaf ikbecltk ac rkbestreùgel kquetctevc bk afs kxgkbkltkskgfliegfs.34Ka aaciciekltf bk ac GTK ks tcièl gflnusf. Tcrc ka Crt. 735. Ac elbustrecaezcgel bk afs rkgursfs

lcturcaks skr prefrebcb ZklY ka icrgf bk rkspktf y prftkggel bka ikbef cièkltk ZY. Trkhultcifs? Karkspktf ks ca nel icyfr, ka lukvf bkscrrfaaf (ac kstrctkhec), f ca nel iklfr, ac bk rkgupkrcr ac

gcpcgebcb (ac tgtegc).

Wkgtfr Hklkrcbfr bk Kipakf k Elhrksfs,elgauebcs acs bfs trcsvkrscaks? Gcpetcaestcy gfafleca.


10/21

Hklkrcrkgursfs Tcrc

Tfrneric

r

gfltrctfs

Sukaukhf

lukvfs gfltrctfs pcrc ac kxpaftcgel bka hcs33. Cmfrc èkl sk mc mkgmf ul bechlstegfsf`rk kstcs prgtegcs sfgecaks lukvcs (su ebkfafhc)6

NEH[PC AC BEPKGGEL WFGECA BK AC @T

NEH[PC. KA ELHPKWF BK AC EBKFAFHC BK AC HAF@CAE_CGEL

CLAEWEW BK AC. @FAEÊC BKIFGPREGC Z@BkY

Ka Icpc bk ac @Bk, ks ka bk ac kstrctkhec pfategc y sfgeca. Tacltkc bfs alkcs `segcs,ulc pcrc ka Gfltrfa Wfgeca y ftrc pcrc ac Bksgkltrcaezcgel30. Cqukaac pcrc hklkrcrkl ac hkltk ac gcpcgebcbpcrc csuieracberkggelbka Kstcbf y kstcpcrcnfrtcakgkrsuelstetugeflcaebcb. F, af quk ks af iesif, gfl ac preikrc sk gcpcgetcr c acs pkrsflcs,

pcrc quk aukhf, pukbcl csuier ac skhulbc.

Elgrkàk!? Tfr crtk bk ichec, acs augmcs sfgecaks y sus sfaugeflks pfategcs, sk mclvukatf prfykgtfs sfgecaks, bk icrgcbf gcrgtkr cltrfpfgltregf. Tkrf, lf krc quk kavever èkl krc ulc vesel gfsifgltregc bk bkscrrfaaf37, besteltc c acs ktlfgltregcs

y trcbegeflcaks

32

633 Gfltrctf bk Fpkrcgel.- ZY ka Retuacr kokgutcr ZY pfr su gukltc y rekshf ZY cgtevebcbks bkKxpafrcgel y Kxpaftcgel bkltrf bk ZsuY rkc ZY. ZAcY rkspflscèaebcb kl acs elvkrseflks Zskrl bkaY

Retuacr quekl ZcpfrtcrY ac tftcaebcb bk afs gcpetcaks, elstcacgeflks, kquepfs, ictkrecaks, pkrsflca,tkglfafhc y ftrfs lkgkscrefs. Aky bk Mebrfgcrùrfs Lf. 74;= bk 0.44;. Rtuaf E]. Bknelegeflks Crt. 37=.30Mfy, cutflfic.37Ka lukvf bkscrrfaaf, rcbegc kl supreier ac bfielcgel guaturca y ac besgreielcgel rcgeca vehkltk. Wusustetugel pfr ka beafhf, ac gffpkrcgel, ac gfipakikltcgel, ac rkgeprfgebcb y ka kltklbeiekltf ZY.

Kl gflskguklgec, ac kxpclsel bk ac kgflfic ZY lf pukbkl kxprkscr kstk tepf bk grkgeiekltf prkvestf.TLB. 0.3 Ac gflgkpgel bka bkscrrfaaf(ka su`rcycbf ks lukstrf).32Pca Trcbc sk suic ca ksnukrzf? ZksY ul ifbkaf kgfliegf, quk lf ZsehukY ac mukaac bk afs pcsks ZYbkscrrfaacbfs, self Zks ics èkl ulcY rkvfaugel tkglfahegc, kl gfièlcgel gfl ac rkgupkrcgel bk

tkglfafhcs y sc`krks clgkstrcaks Zpcrc hklkrcrY cgtevebcbks ZY kl criflc gfl ac lcturcakzc. Rficbf bkAc nulbcgel bk ac Wkhulbc Pkpàegc bk Pca Trcbc Frfpkzc. Ac mcelk.frh, 0=.43.0434 (ka

su`rcycbf ks lukstrf).

@TC pcrter bk ac neric bkgfltrctfs, pcrc qukbktkrielcbcs kiprkscskx aftkl ka cs afs ielkrcaks

Ac kokgugel bk acs@faevecs Bkifgrtegc

y Behlc.

@TTkrietk ac eltrfbuggelbk prgtegcs sfgecaks

prfpecs bk achaf`caezcgel (ebkfafhc)

Wk eltrfbugkl kl acsprgtegcs gftebeclcs bkacs @faevecsBkifgrtegc y Behlc.


11/21

Ik pcrkgk, kltflgks quk mcl rkbugebf afs prfàkics. Cmfrc ac gukstel sk rkbugk ckakher ka trcokgetf bk bkscrrfaaf trcbegeflca, quk pfbrc vkster @faevec kl ac prkskltktkipfrcbc. Bfs sfl afs ifbkafs bk ifbc?

3.

Ac quk klteklbk ka bkscrrfaaf gfif rkltc? Bkocr quk ac hkltk eltkrgcièk susprfbugtfs ae`rkikltk, puks gfl kaaf icxeiezc su requkzc pkrsflca3;.0. Ac quk af gfiprklbk gfif ae`krtcb? Lf teklk skltebf kltklbkr ka bkscrrfaaf

skhl ac rkltc, se acs pkrsflcs lf teklkl gcpcgebcb pcrc trclsnfricr ksc rkltc klaf quk kaacs bkskkl3>.

U ac bkgesel ks pfr ac skhulbc rfpetc, sel ac iklfr bubc. Lf ik grkkl6 Tuks kltflgksnoklsk kl afs elbegcbfrks bkscrrfaaestcs prfpukstfs, quk sfl ulc cbcptcgel bk acTfategc bk Augmc Gfltrc ac Tf`rkzc bk acs LL.[[.38(vkr rkgucbrf).

NEH[PC ;. AFW ELBEGCBFPKW BKA TLB

3; Tcrc ac Kgflfic bka @eklkstcr Rrcbegeflca (K@R)? sk bk`k bkocr c quk ac hkltk eltkrgcièk susprfbugtfs ae`rkikltk puks, se ak gflveklk, icxeiezcr su requkzc pkrsflca Getcbf pfr Wtkvkl Trkssicl yHcak Wuiikrnekab. Rficbf bk mttp?//cacelkt.frh3>Begk Bfl Cicrtyc Wkl? Lf pfr quk kxestc bkiclbc, tfbfs afhrcrl ka iesif levka bk uteaebcb. Klknkgtf, acs pkrsflcs pukbkl cprfvkgmcrsk bk acs benkrklgecs pkrsflcaks: ftrfs bk ac bevkrsebcb bk afs

ikbefs cièkltks: ftrfs bk su gflbegel sfgeca: ftrfs bk acs pkrspkgtevcs quk aks bcl sus gfstui`rks: yafs bk is caa bk ac bestreùgel bkltrf bk acs ncieaecs.38Pksfaugel bk ac Csciàkc Hklkrca bk acs LL.[[. C/Pks/0 bk 37 bk skpteki`rk bk 0444.

Afhrfs? Kl ac pkrspkgtevc bka êver @ekl sk gflskhuer?

[l bkscrrfaaf kgfliegf gfl tcscs bk grkgeiekltf sfstklebcs bka prfbugtf, is catcsquk acs f`tklebcs kl afs ateifs 04 cfs y supkrefrks c acs tcscs bk grkgeiekltfbkifhrnegf.

Ac hklkrcgel bk icyfrks elhrksfs kl ka icrgf bk ulc bestreùgel is kquetctevc,kipakf behlf y pkriclkltk, gflsebkrclbf ca trc`cof gfif ulc cgtevebcb quk

gfltreùyk c ac rkcaezcgel paklc bk ac pkrsflc.Pkbuger ac bksehucabcb gfl ulc icyfr bespfleèaebcb y cggksf bk afs sctesncgtfrksictkrecaks y ksperetucaks, cbkis bk afs cgtevfs sfgecaks y prfbugtevfs.

Elgfrpfrcr kl acs pfategcs y kstrctkhecs bk bkscrrfaaf afs klnfquks bk kquebcb guaturca,bk hlkrf y sfgeca, bk iclkof cièkltca y bk ellfvcgel, y cpaegcgel bk sc`krks y

gflfgeiekltf.

Afs elbegcbfrks quk sk afhrcrl gfl ka TLB(Tkrfbf 044>-0433)

3. [lc tcsc bk grkgeiekltf bka TE@, bk >,7 %.0. Besielugel bk ac pf`rkzc? Bk >7 % kl 0442 c 25,8 % kl 0433.7. Tf`rkzc kxtrkic? Bk 72,; % kl 0442 c 08,0 % kl 0433.2. Rcsc bk bkskipakf cèkrtf? Bk =,8 % kl 0442 c 2 % kl 0433.;. Ac hklkrcgel bk kipakf? 54 iea kipakfs/cf burcltk kstk pkrefbf.>. Ka elhrksf pkr gpetc? Bk 3.444 $[W kl 044; c 3.233 kl 0433.8. Besielugel bk ac bksehucabcb? Afs elhrksfs bka 34 % is regf, rkspkgtf ca 34 %

is pf`rk, besieluer bk 05 vkgks kl 0447 U kl 03 vkgks kl 0433.=. Ka gcièf bk ac ictrez klkrhtegc cagclzcr ca ;4 % bka pcrquk cutfiftfr.5. Mc`r ac rknfrkstcgel bk ikbef ieaal bk mkgtrkcs.
http://alainet.org/http://alainet.org/http://alainet.org/


12/21

Su mcl begmf6

Tkrf, guaks sfl acs rczflks pcrc quk ka TLB csuic kstc bkgesel6 Lf krc quk tfbf e`cc skr lukvf. Grkf vesaui`rcr vcrecs pestcs. [lc preikrc, kstcrc kl ka usf elsestkltk ycgrtegf bka gflgkptf gcpcgebcb3=, iuy cicbf, kltrk ftrfs, pfr acs LL.[[. y acs

FLHs. Hrcgecs c kstc crteicc ka TLB kstcrc ikteklbf trks hfaks, bk kltrcbc lfis?

3. Treikr hfa? Pkbugk ka suic qcicc bk gfsifvesel, c gcpcgebcb pcrcrksfavkr ulc gcrklgec, quk ks ul gflgkptf.

0. Wkhulbf hfa? Afhrc quk sk gflgkltrk ac ctklgel kstctca, sf`rk ac kac`frcgel bkpfategcs sf`rk afs tkics bk ac pf`rkzc35. Gfl kstf gfafgc afs afhrfs bka lukvfbkscrrfaaf c bespfsegel bk acs LL.[[. U gfl kstk pcsk pukbk iktkr ka?

7. Rkrgkr hfa? Ca trclsnfricr acs fpfrtulebcbks kl cseiktrcsbkscpcrkgk, kl afsmkgmfs ka lfrtk bka sestkic? Ka Lukvf bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever `ekl . Wel ki`crhfsk iclteklk su lfi`rk.

Bk kstc iclkrc sk beseiuac ac prksklgec bk bfs sestkics fguatfs k elbkpklbekltks kltrkse?

3. Cqua quk sk fgupc bk supkrcr acs cseiktrcs (ka sfgeca) y0. Ka quk trc`coc pcrc ctrckr elvkrseflks, afhrcr quk ka Kstcbf tklhc prksklgec kl

ac gcbklc prfbugtevc (af kgfliegf)y hklkrk kxgkbkltks.

[lf bk ci`fs, sk fgupcr bk veheacr ka guipaei ekltf bk afs paclks pcrc ac rkbuggelbk ac pf`rkzc y ka ftrf, pcrc ctrckr elvkrseflks y afhrcr tklkr prksklgec kl ac gcbklc

prfbugtevc. Cmfrc veklk ac gkrkzc bka mkacbf? Rkregcikltk, ac elbkpklbklgec

sestiegc bk ac quk hfzcl afs bfs sestkics fguatfs, pkrietk ca kgfliegf c lkhfgecrgfl acs kiprkscs kxtrclokrcs, tficlbf kl gukltc (f lf), ca TLB.

We lfs neocifs `ekl, ka prfpsetf bk ac @Bk ks grkcr ka Tfbkr Wfgeca Gfiuletcref ZTWGYy bkgflstruer ka Kstcbf Gfafleca.Tkrf ka csultf ks quk lcbek sc`k, c geklgec gekrtc, legultfs le queklks sfl, afs TFs, afs IWs f ac ichletub k eipfrtclgec bka KstcbfGfafleca quk, sk supflk, klhaf`c c ka tfbf f ac pcrtk, bk afs Kstcbfs? Gfafleca, LcgeflcaElsurhkltk, Faehcrgc, Lcgeflca Pkvfaugeflcref y Lkfae`krca. Tfr af tcltf, tcipfgf sk

pukbk iklsurcr, c gc`caebcb, acs gcrcgtkrstegcs bka TWG. Wel ki`crhf, sk supflk qukafs TFs y afs IWs teklkl quk tklkr prgtegcs sfgecaks tcl nukrtks y vehfrfscs, quk

pfbrcl crrcstrcr c tfbc ac sfgekbcb.

3=Tcrc Cicrtyc Wkl, gcpcgebcb ks ac fpfrtulebcb rkca bk ulc pkrsflc bk skr f mcgkr cahf.35

"Kl iugmfs Tcsks, bflbk ac pf`rkzc f ka mci`rk kstl beskielcbfs, pukbk quk lf kxestc lelhl ifbfZrpebf bkY hcrcltezcr c tfbfs skr ae`krcbfs bk kstc gcrklgec, pkrf se ac gflstruggel bk pfategcs qukZgflbuzgclY c tca ae`krcgel. Cicrtyc Wkl


13/21

Tcrc

Suk eipaegcafhrcr ulileif kl ka

Grkcr

U

U pcrc

NEH[PC. KA WKLREBF BK AC @Bk

NEH[PC. AC @Bk WF@PK^CAFPC C AFW TFs U AFW IWs

Claeses bk ac @faevec Behlc

CLAEWEW BKA ICTC 2. AC @FAE^EC BKIFGPREGC?AC L[K^C ICRPE_ ELRKPG[AR[PCA.

Ac @Be ks bk ca`ceakrc. @usgc bksctcraf nkf - ka gfaflecaesif y ka ae`krcaesif - ykbenegcr af `fletf? Ac eltkrguaturcaebcb. Tcrc tca knkgtf, sk mc prkvestf quk sk

rkgflstruycl acs ulebcbks sfgefguaturcaks y sus cgtfrks(sk eichelcl ac peltc bk ulccgtfr rkgflstruebf6? Nrcljklstkel iesif), cs gfif ac gflstruggel bk ulcbkifgrcgec gfiuletcrec.

Ac rkgflstruggel rkstc`akgkr acs seiktrcs bk pfbkr, ac kquebcb y ac vebc (se ac vebcks ulc iclenkstcgel bk ac lcturcakzc, qu qukrrl bkger gfl ksf bk rkgflstruer acvebc6). Tfr su acbf ac gflstruggel bk ac bkifgrcgec, ehucacr fpfrtulebcbks,ikbecltk ac csehlcgel bk rkgursfs, c pcrter bk bfs eltkrvklgeflks kstctcaks? [lceltkrskgtfreca - pcrc cpaegcr afs sestkics bk kbugcgel, scaub y kipakf - y ftrc tkrretfreca,

pcrc hklkrcr kquebcb kl ka tkrretfref.

Ac gacvk cg ks, gif rkgflstruer, gflstruyklbf6 Ac @Be af rksukavk bk iclkrckxpkbetc y ngea? [sclbf ac sfaebcrebcb sestiegc kltrk acs cggeflks. Wk gflstruer ac

@BkBkgflstruer

ka KstcbfGfafleca.

3. Gfltrfa sfgeca, quk

pkrietc c afs TFs y IWscggkbcl ca pfbkr.

0. Kl ac bksgkltrcaezcgel (cutflfic) qukhklkrk gcpcgebcb cutfhksteflcrc kl TFs y IWsy ulc cbkgucbc rkacgel gfl ka Kstcbf.

TWG

Afs TFs y

afs IWsGflstruer ka TWG

Bkgflstruerka KstcbfGfafleca

Reklklac

nukrzc

lkgkscrecpcrc


14/21

bkifgrcgec eltkrveleklbf acs gfiulebcbks. Bk kstc iclkrc, acs cseiktrcs kxestkltks skacs rksfavkrl, querclaf f lf afs gfiulcrefs, eipflelbfaks ac ehucabcb bkfpfrtulebcbks: y csehllbfaks prfhrcics y rkgursfs. Gflstruer ac bkifgrcgec kstctca,eltkrveleklbf kl acs gfiulebcbks6 Cgcsf ksc lf ks ac tgtegc bka bkscrrfaaesif y ka

gfaflecaesif6

Bk cg sk bkbugk ul gfrfacref? Ac legc iclkrc pcrc rksfavkr cseiktrcs, ehucaclbf

fpfrtulebcbks ks csehllbfaks c ci`cs - c fpfrtulebcbks y cseiktrcs - ka iesifsehlenegcbf. ^kifsaf kl ul cahfretif?

NEH[PC >. TPFHPCIC TCPC KOKG[RCP AC @Be

Tkrf bc ka gcsf, elgausf pcrc ka TLB, quk fpfrtulebcbks y cseiktrcs, lf sfl af iesif.Tcrc ac @Bk (Icpc 7), ks hklkrcr Tfbkr Wfgeca Gfiuletcref ZTWGY: quk acsgfiulebcbks pukbcl hf`krlcr y csuier ac berkggel bka Kstcbf, bksbk ac bkifgrcgec

pcrtegepctevcgfl klnfquk gfiuletcref. Tfr af tcltf, qukbc`c kl gacrf, quk ka TWG ksulc fpfrtulebcb pfategc, quk kaafs sk ac hclcrfl.

Wel ki`crhf pcrc ac @Be, cl lf ks ka tekipf bk acs fpfrtulebcbks. Cltks, sk bk`krl

tkrielcr gfl acs cseiktrcs, c pcrter bk ac hklkrcgel bk acs rkspkgtevcs gcpcgebcbksmuiclcs. Waf cs acs gfiulebcbks, pfbrl cgtucr gfl behlebcb y kl ae`krtcb 04. Tfr aftcltf, af quk gc`k ks klgcrhcr c acs FLHs, pcrc quk gcpcgetkl c acs gfiulebcbks03.

04 Ac lukvc bknelegel bk grkgeiekltf y bkscrrfaaf kgfliegf, rkicrgc ac eipfrtclgec bka gcpetcamuiclf. Ka mkgmf bk su`rcycr ka pftklgeca muiclf ZY ks bkger su bkstrkzc y gcpcgebcb prfbugtevc, mc

muiclezcbf ac gflgkpgel bk bkscrrfaaf, ac mc cipaecbf. Uc lf saf ks elstruikltf bka bkscrrfaaf, selfgcpcgebcb pcrc rkcaezcr cgtevebcbks kakhebcs y vcafrcbcs ae`rkikltk. Acs gucaebcbks muiclcs hklkrclbkscrrfaaf, pkrf ac iktc ks ac ae`krtcb bk tklkr ulc vebc behlc. Ka grkgeiekltf kgfliegf bk`krc cipaecracs fpfrtulebcbks y ifstrcr ulc gfiprklsel is cipaec bka bkscrrfaaf. Rficbf bka ae`rf bk CicrtycWkl? Acs tkfrcs bka bkscrrfaaf c prelgepefs bka Wehaf ]]E. Gcptuaf? Kxpclsel bk ac gcpcgebcb? Is

caa bka gcpetca muiclf. 355=. Ka su`rcycbf ks lukstrf.03Ac gcpcgetcgel kl gfipktklgecs lf sfl ul gfrfacref kxtrcbf bk ac tkfrc bk ac pf`rkzc. Mcstc bflbksc`kifs, sfl iugmf is vekocs. Ka kx-prksebkltk bk afs KK.[[. Bwehmt Kelsklmfwkr kl 352=, gfif

Rcrkc? Ehucacr cseiktrcs

Cshlksk rkgursfs

Cseiktrcs 9 Fpfrtulebcbks Wtfp

Lf We


15/21

Guclbf nelcaegkl su trc`cof, ka ELK gfltcèaezcr acs cseiktrcs gfif fpfrtulebcbkskstclbcrezcbcs afhrcbcs, gfif fòktevfs kstctcaks kokgutcbfs. Cgcsf lf ks kstf, ka vekofbesgursf bk rkbuggel bk ac pf`rkzc, c pcrter bka gfltrfa bk ac gflbugtc6.

Tfr ateif, qu ks ksf bk bkifgrcgec pcrtegepctevc6 Cmfrc quk gflfgkifs sus

prfpsetfs, pfbkifs kstcr skhurfs quk lf sk rknekrkl c ac cggel pfategc elikbectc.Trkhultf? Lf skr ac ebkc bk Bfl Crtmur Akwes00, ka elvkltfr bk ac BkifgrcgecTcrtegepctevc6 Wkhl a, afs geubcbclfs quk yc tklhcl cahl jeafiktrcok klac bkifgrcgec rkprkskltctevc, pfbrcl skr gcpcgetcbfs pcrc bcr ul pcsf cbkacltk y pfbkrelnauer kl acs bkgeseflks pàegcs, c trcvs bk rknkrklbf f pakèsgetfs. Of!Ac gflgausel ltebc ks quk ac @Bk bk`k kspkrcr mcstc quk ac @Be kst kl pultfgcrcikaf. Kl ftrcs pcac`rcs, mcstc quk afs bfs TACLKW bk rkgflstruggel ygflstruggel, kltklbebfs gfif pcrtk bk ac krrcbegcgel bk ac pf`rkzc, mcyclafhrcbf sus iktcs. Ksk ka cltegfaflecaesif bka TLB.

stc, kl rksuiebcs gukltcs, ùsgc gflstruer ac Eltkrguaturcaebcb. Tcrc quk kstf skcpfseàk, sk ak csehlcr ca Kstcbf ac gcpcgebcb pcrc hklkrcr ulc BkifgrcgecGfiuletcrec, pfr trks vcs bk eltkrvklgel? 3. Eltkrskgtfreca? Tcrc kokgutcr paclks bkscaub, bk kbugcgel y bk elvkrseflks: 0. Rkrretfreca? Tcrc rkgflstetueraf: y 7. Gcpcgebcb

pcrc iktkr kl gelturc af gfafleca y af ae`krca (rkbuger ca ileif? Acelstetugeflcaebcb, ka besgepaelciekltf, ac ahegc geveaezctfrec, ka gkltrcaesif bka

ikrgcbf, ka cnl gfipktetevf y ka gflsuiesif).

Cqu ac gacvk kst kl rkgflstetuer ka tkrretfref. Kstf eipaegc rkgflstetuer ac trcbc?Rekrrc, hkltk y gfsifvesel. Kl ac rkmcèaetcgel bk sus prgtegcs sfgecaks kstlgfafgcbcs tfbcs acs kspkrclzcs. Tkrf kstf vcak saf pcrc afs TFs. Wkhurcikltk skmctficbf kl gukltc ac grkgekltk iehrcgel gcipf geubcb, pkrf tklkifs skhurebcb quk achkltk quk sk qukbc, c`rczc ac gfsifvesel preiehklec6 U blbk qukbcl afs IWs6.

rkgtfr bk ac [levkrsebcb bk Gfauièc pctrfgelc`c ac cbquesegel b k gfipktklgecs prgtegcs lkgkscrecspcrc skr ul pukàf ae`rk.00Trkief Lf`ka bk Kgflfic bk 3585.


16/21

Tcrcbkgflstruer

Af quk eipaegc afhrcr ul ileif kl?

Tcrcgflst

ruer

U

Kl

U

F skc su F skc su

Suk sk afhrc

Suk sk afhrc

Suksehlenegc

NEH[PC. KA WKLREBF BK AC @Be

Kl rksuikl.

Tcrc ka TLB ka prfàkic kst kl hklkrcr TWG, Eltkrguaturcaebcb y kl bkgflstruer afgfafleca y af ae`krca. Tcrc kaaf gukltc gfl afs rkgursfs quk ak kltrkh uk ac @T. Tkrf

pcrc kokgutcraf lf sk prkskltcl afs bechlstegfs bk lkgksebcbks bk acs @BK y @Be le bkalkhfgef bka hcs. Waf kst ka Icpc bk ac Tf`rkzc, kac`frcbf bksbk ac ebkfafhcgfafleca bk ac Augmc gfltrc ac Tf`rkzc. Rcipfgf mcy ul bechlstegf s f`rk ac lukvcebkfafhc (acs prgtegcs sfgecaks), quk eltrfbugkl afs gfltrctfs gfl acs kiprkscs

kxtrclokrcs kl lukstrf pcs. Tfr su acbf ac @Bk, lf prkskltc ul bechlstegf sf`rk acebkfafhc (prgtegcs sfgecaks), bk afs TFs, afs IWs le sf`rk ka Kstcbf Gfafleca. We èklkstf lfs eipebk kvcaucr acs pfseèaebcbks bka TWG, lf ak eipebk ca TLB cpfstcr pfr katreulnf bk afs TFs y afs IWs.Tfr ateif ac @Be. Ks ac quk, c tfbcs augks, teklk acsicyfrks pfseèaebcbks bk xetf, puks skr prfbugtf bka ksnukrzf bka Kstcbf.

@Be

Suk ksrkbuger caileif

;. Kbugcgel y scaub- Afs sc`krks

rkgflstetuebfs.- Ac nfricgel bk ulc`csk muiclc- Kl ac scaub bk ac

fàcgel.

Eltkrguaturcaebcb

>. Kgflfic- Afs paclks bk elvkrsel

kl acs cutflfics

quk pkrietcl acgflstruggel bka TWG.

7.Af gfafleca 2. Af ae`krca

- Elstetugeflcaebcbkxgauykltk.

- Besgepaelciekltf.- Ahegc geveaezctfrec

- Gkltrcaesif bkikrgcbf.- Cnl gfipktetevf.- Gflsuiesif

Ac gflstruggel bk ulcbkifgrcgec gfiuletcrec

Eltkrveleklbf afs skgtfrks

Eltkrveleklbf ka tkrretfref


17/21

Ka eltreheaes kl ac @Bk.

Ca vkr ka lubf bk ac @Bk lfs prkhultcifs, gfl tfbfs, quel hclcr6. Tfr ul acbf kstac trcbegel bk af gfafleca y af ae`krca quk lfs c`crgc c tfbfs. Tfr ka ftrf, ac nukrzc

pfategc bka Kstcbf pcrc hklkrcr Gfltrfa Wfgeca y Bksgkltrcaezcgel, yc prkskltks kl

ac GTK.

NEH[PC ICTC BK N[KP_CW TCPC AC @Bk

Ac icrcc bk ac @Be.Lukvcikltk ac prkhultc, quel hclcr6 Tfr ul acbf ac nukrzc bka Kstcbf elverteklbf klscaub, kbugcgel y kl af tkrretfreca y pfr ftrf ac nukrzc bk ac trcbegel.

NEH[PC ICTC BK N[KP_CW TCPC AC @Be

TCPRK EEE.WFTKWCLBF N[KP_CW

@Bk

7.Af gfafleca

2. Af ae`krca

3. Gfltrfa Wfgeca

0. Bksgkltrcaezcgel(cutflfics)

@Be

7.Af gfafleca

2. Af ae`krca

;. Afhrcr ul ileifbk kbugcgel scaub kelvkrseflks.

>. Afhrcr ul ileif bkelvkrseflks kl af

tkrretfreca


18/21

Tfr ateif ac @p.stc teklk ac iesel bk kltrkhcr rkgursfs c ac @Bk y @Be y bk lkhrskafs c af gfaflecay c af ae`krca.

NEH[PC ICTC BK N[KP_CW TCPC AC @Be

Kl rksuikl.Tfbrcifs bkger quk tfbf ka ksnukrzf bka Kstcbf kst kl rkgflstetuer ka tkrretfref c

gfif bk auhcr. Ks bkger, kl rkstcàkgkr acs prgtegcs sfgecaks tkrretfrecaks, bk queklks

sk mcl qukbcbf kl ka gcipf. C kaaf sk relbk bkvftcikltk ac @T. U se lfs neocifs èkl,

stc ks tcièl ac cpukstc bk tfbf ka TLB.

Tkrf kstf akbf bksbk acs ebkfafhcs kl oukhf skrc?

Gflgauseflks.

Cmfrc se pfbkifs eltkltcr ulc rkspukstc c qu ks vever èkl. Ks ka treulnf bk ac @Be y ac@Bk.

@TAf ileif c afgfafleca y c af ae`krca

Ftfrhcr rkgursfs c ac@Bk y @Be

@T

@Bk

@Be

Hklkrc rkgursfs pcrc acs?

Acs prgtegcssfgecaks qukeipflk ac @T

@Bk

Acs prgtegcs sfgecaks bkqueklks rkgflstetuycl katkrretfref.

^krsus


19/21

Tcrc quk ac kxpfsegel qukbk gacrc, sk prkskltc ac Nehurc 7.

NEH[PC 7. TCPC KLRKLBKP KA ELRPLH[AEW BKAL[K^F BKWCPPFAAF, TCPC ÊÊP @EKL

Mc`cifs kiprklbebf kstk gcptuaf pcrc sc`kr se acs pfategcs bka TLB, pkrietercl acgflstruggel bka Lukvf Bkscrrfaaf, pcrc vever èkl. ^kcifs?

Gfiklgkifs gfl ac bupac @Bk y @Be. Af preikrf quk mcrkifs ks rkscatcr afspkgcbeaafs bk ac @Bk. Treikrf bkhrcbc ulc gfsifvesel (ka suic qcicc), c levka bkgflgkptf (gcpcgebcb). Kstf ak pkrietk trcbuger acs fpfrtulebcbks pfategcs gfifcseiktrcs sfgecaks. Gfl kstc ifvebc scgrenegc ka lfrtk sestiegf bka TLB y qukbcbkstruebf tfbf ka sestkic. Tkrf sk sehuk uteaezclbf ka gcrtka, pcrc beseiuacr ac prksklgec

TCPRK EEE? KA TKPERCOK

TLB

Bechlstegf. @faevec vevk kl ulc sfgekbcb gfaflecaestc y lkfae`krca, bksvelguacbc bk ac lcturcakzc.(Foetf? ka TLB lf sk prkskltc ka rkspkgtevf bechlstegf).

Tfr ksf lcgk ka?

Frekltcr

Sukaukhf bkafhrcr?

Tcrc vever ekl quk ks?

Lkgkscrecikltk, c pcrter bk?

Ac hklkrcgel bk ac gcpcgebcb(Wkrc ikofr bkger, gfipktklgec).

C pcrter bk?

Suk sfl, ca pcrkgkr?

Ac bkgflstruggelbk ac sfgekbcbgfaflecaestc ylkfae`krca

3. Kltrk ac prfpekbcb prevcbc y ac kstctcasf`rk afs rkgursfs lcturcaks.

(Lf gflvklgk)0. Bk ul Kstcbf quk pfskk ulc berkggelgfltrcrec ca clmkaf bk afs IfveiekltfsWfgecaks (af eltkrguaturca) y bk af TukàfsFrehelcrefs (af iuatelcgeflca).7. Ac kxestklgec bk ulc sfgekbcb

bksvelguacbc bk ac lcturcakzc.(Foetf? Lf sk prkskltc le ka itfbf le afsbechlstegfs. Pkbugk ka vever èkl c ac

cbquesegel bk ulc gcpcgebcb)

Ac supkrcgel bk trks gfltrcbeggeflksnulbcikltcaks

3. [l rktfrlf ca pcrcsf pkrbebf f0. Wfiktkrsk c ac ciklczc mkhkaeclc f7. Ka nel bk ac pfategc f

2. Ac cpaegcgel bk ul fòktevf pkbchhegf,bknelebf kl trielfs bk gcpcgebcbks.(Suk tkrielc mcgeklbf bka vever èkl ul

pacltkciekltf gflnusf)

Ac gflstruggel bk ulc lukvcsfgekbcb y ul KstcbfTaurelcgeflca y Gfiuletcref,

`cscbf kl ul lukvf bkscrrfaaf,crc vever èkl.


20/21

bk bfs sestkics fguatfs, elbkpklbekltks kltrk se? Ka Wfgeca, quk sk fgupc bk supkrcr acscseiktrcs: y ka Kgfliegf, quk trc`coc pcrc ctrckr elvkrseflks, afhrcr quk kaKstcbf tklhc prksklgec kl ac gcbklc prfbugtevc y cskhurcr afs kxgkbkltks.

Kvebkltkikltk, lf pfbr mc`kr ulc @Bk paklc, iekltrcs afs elbegcbfrks bk ac @Be,

rkacgeflcbfs gfl ac kokgugel bk afs TACLKW bk rkgflstruggel y gflstruggel, lfbkl ka vestf ùklf. Ks bkger, iekltrcs lf mcyc belkrf. Tfr ksf sk bc tcltc ae`krtcb caWestkic Kgfliegf? Tukbk nericr afs gfltrctfs quk bkskk. Elgausf aacvk kl iclf. Kavever èkl, ks skgulbcref.

Kstc prkbespfsegel elegeca, kxpaegc afs trcspes bk ac @T. Treikrf, lf prkskltc afsbechlstegfs pfrquk lf afs lkgksetc, pcrc nericr afs gfltrctfs bk kxpaftcgel bk lukstrcsrequkzcs lcturcaks gfl acs kiprkscs kxtrclokrcs. Wkhulbf: pfr af tcltf, tcipfgf rksuatceipfrtcltk cgacrcr, gua ka fòktf bk kstubef quk c`rczc? We ac kgflfic paurca (GTK),f ac gfipukstc pfr skgtfrks (TLB). U tkrgkrf, tcipfgf sfl lkgkscrefs afsbechlstegfs sfgef kgfliegfs, pcrc kokgutcr afs paclks bk acs LL.[[. bk augmc gfltrc

ac pf`rkzc. @cstc ka vekof Icpc bk ac Tf`rkzc.

Bk bflbk scak ulc vkrbcb bfafrfsc. Ac gfsc ks lkhfgecr afs rkgursfs lcturcaks clfi`rk bka suic qcicc. Ka bfàk besgursf bka vkrsf y ac rkcaebcb! Kstc cgtetub lfsmc gfafgcbf kl setucgel bk vkrbcbkrc elbknklsel nrkltk c acs pfategcs eltkrlcgeflcaks.

Ksf ks cltegfaflecaesif6 Grkf quk lf ies ciehfs y ciehcs. Ka vever èkl - af quknuksk quk sehlenequk, ks ac tcrkc ksklgecaikltk pfategc, bk ac hkltk kxgauebc. F lftklkifs gflneclzc kl sus augmcs6 Kstcs gflgauseflks ik mc aakvcbf c pklscr se sk

pukbk beskcr ul sestkic, bflbk ac gfsifhflc clbelc, gfif tca, csuic ul gcrgtkrfpkrctevf. Bk mkgmf mc pkrietebf ka grkgeiekltf bk afs kstcbfs prkgfafièlfs y lfs mcbcbf c tfbfs(cs) lfsftrfs(cs) ul pkrnea gacrf kl tfbf ka iulbf.


21/21

G[CBPF. AC WER[CGEL BK ELBKNKLWEL

KL S[K LFW GFAFGC KA TLB

Cmfrc èkl Gif pfbrcifs scaer bk ac elbknklgel. Cg kltrc lukstrc prfpukstcbk afs Gelgf elstetutfs tkglfahegfs pcrc @faevec.

WEWRKICKGFLIEGF

FG[ARF.Wfl sus fòktevfs?- Ctrckr elvkrseflks- Guebcr ac prksklgec bka

Kstcbf kl ac gcbklcprfbugtevc.

- Hklkrcr kxgkbkltks.

WEWRKIC WFGECAFG[ARF.

Wfl sus fòktevfs?- Wupkrcr acs cseiktrcs, c

pcrter bk ac kokgugel bkpaclks bk rkbuggel bk ac

pf`rkzc bk acsLL.[[.

Trfpfrgeflcafs

kxgkbkltks

Acs prkseflks bk acsLL.[[ y ftrfsfrhclesifseltkrlcgeflcaks.

Acs prkseflksbk acs kiprkscstrclslcgeflcaks

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EL PLAN NACIONAL DE DESARROLLO DEL ESTADO PLURINACIONAL DE BOLIVIA