© 2014 Toshiba Corporation

Eri Isono November 19th 2014

Energy Storage at Substations

― Virtual Battery Application for Load Frequency Control ―

Disclosure: Any unauthorized use of these Materials is prohibited

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 2

• Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project

• Battery SCADA demonstration

– Background and challenges

– Application

– Participants and schedule

– System overview

• Three considerations for battery application to LFC

– Control value allocation

– Inherent loss supplement

– Rating update

• Conclusion

Table of contents

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 3

• Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project

• Battery SCADA demonstration

– Background and challenges

– Application

– Participants and schedule

– System overview

• Three considerations for battery application to LFC

– Control value allocation

– Inherent loss supplement

– Rating update

• Conclusion

Table of contents

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 4

Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project

• YSCP

– Japanese government funded smart grid demonstration

– 6 demonstrations and research undertaken by 32 partners

– Duration: 5 years (2010/4 to 2015/3)

– Budget: 850million US dollar

• 6 Demonstrations

– Home EMS

– Building EMS

– Factory EMS

– Community EMS

– Electric Vehicle

– Battery aggregation

CEMS

HEMS

EV

BEMS

FEMS

Battery SCADA

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 5

• Background

– Storage batteries has become realistic option to counter against power quality disturbances, and lack of LFC reserve

• Challenges

– Requires quantity

– Unrealistic to control each storages

• Differences among the types, rating, output of batteries,..

• Propose “Battery SCADA” system to control numerous and various storages as one “Virtual Battery” for grid operation

Battery SCADA demonstration

Battery

SCADA Virtual

Battery

Customer side Battery

Grid EMS

Stationary Battery

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 6

• Load Frequency Control

– New power plant for frequency control

– Increase frequency control reserve

– Easier controllability of numerous storage batteries

• Peak Shifting

– Grid expansion deferral

– Incentive from participation to electricity market

• Spinning Reserve

– Provide spinning reserve capacity

– UPS for critical applications

Applications of Battery SCADA

Utility benefit Customer benefit

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 7

Participants and schedule

Sponsor:

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (JAPAN)

7 Participants:

Utility Tokyo Electric Power Company

Kansai Electric Power Company

System Integrator,

Demonstration managing

Toshiba

Stationary Battery Manufacturer Toshiba, Hitachi, Meidensha & NEC

Customer’s side battery

Manufacturer

Sharp, Sony Energy Devices

Other Mitsubishi Heavy Industry

Project Schedule 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

System development

Demonstration

Development Installation

Demonstration

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 8

• Commissioned in October 2012

Demonstration site photo

Battery SCADA

Demonstration Center

Toshiba Stationary Battery 300kW-100kWh

Meiden/NEC

Stationary Battery 250kW-250kWh

Hitachi Stationary Battery 300kW-101kWh

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 9

Sony ED

Customer BESS

3.5kVA/8.4kWh

Sony ED

Customer BESS

3.5kVA/8.4kWh

Demonstration system overview

Upper EMS

simulator

Battery SCADA Customer BESS simulator

Sony ED

Customer BESS

3.5kVA/8.4kWh

Low latency line, Protocol：IEEE1815 DNP3

（Distributed Network Protocol ）

6.6kV 100V 100V 100V 100V

Toshiba

Data aggregator

Hitachi

Data aggregator

Hitachi BESS

100kW/100kWh

250kW/51kWh

6.6kV 6.6kV

Meidensha/NEC BESS

250kW/250kWh

Toshiba BESS

300kW/100kWh

Sharp

Customer BESS

22kW/45kWh

Internet

Protocol: HTTP

TEPCO distribution grid

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 10

• Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project

• Battery SCADA demonstration

– Background and challenges

– Application

– Participants and schedule

– System overview

• Three requirements for battery application to LFC

– Control value allocation

– Inherent loss supplement

– Rating update

• Conclusion

Table of contents

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 11

• Three recommendations of applying storage batteries to LFC

– Control value allocation

– Inherent loss supplement

– Rating update

• Demonstration condition

Requirements for battery aggregation system

Grid EMS

Simulator

Toshiba BESS

300kW/100kWh

Meiden/NEC BESS

250kW/250kWh

Hitachi BESS

300kW/101kWh

Battery SCADA

6.6kV power line

Two control signals used

- TEPCO LFC hydro

- PJM LFC signal

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 12

• Maximize charge/discharge ability

– Maintain SOC in same range

• Measurements

1. Control value allocation

Stationary Battery 01

-250

-150

-50

50

150

250

11:50 12:10 12:30 12:50 13:10

Time

Output [kW]

0

20

40

60

80

100

SOC [%]

01 Control Value 01 Output 01 SOC

Virtual Battery

-250

-150

-50

50

150

250

11:50 12:10 12:30 12:50 13:10

Time

Output [kW]

VB Control Value VB output

Stationary Battery 02

-250

-150

-50

50

150

250

11:50 12:10 12:30 12:50 13:10

Time

Output [kW]

0

20

40

60

80

100

SOC [%]

02 Control Value 02 Output 02 SOC

Stationary Battery 03

-250

-150

-50

50

150

250

11:50 12:10 12:30 12:50 13:10

Time

Output [kW]

0

20

40

60

80

100

SOC [%]

03 Control Value 03 Output 03 SOC

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 13

• LFC operation will eventually lead battery SOC to zero

• An algorithm to charge and maintain SOC required

• Measurements

2. Inherent loss supplement

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

-100

-50

0

50

100

2013/10/24 12:30:00 2013/10/24 22:30:00 2013/10/25 08:30:00

Supplement charging (red) and SOC transition (blue) 2013/10/24 ~ 2013/10/25

Supplement charging [kW]

SOC transition [%]

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 14

• Interface for Plug & Play functionality and reacquisition of information necessary

3. Rating update

Battery Battery SCADA

【Send Data item】

ID number

Rated chargeable power

Rated dischargeable power

Short time chargeable power

Short time dischargeable power

Chargeable capacity

Dischargeable capacity

Control frequency

Charge and discharge efficiency

Functionality to reacquire same

information as initial data acquisition

Initial data acquisition to acquire basic

information of the connected battery

Battery Battery SCADA

Set information

update flag

【Notification of

information update】

【Request to obtain Data item】

【Resend Data item】

【Periodic information transfer

(1 second)】

【Send Data item】

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 15

• 2 years successful demonstration

• LFC operation strategies successful

• Requirements of battery aggregating system recognized

– Control value allocation

– Inherent loss supplement

– Rating update

• Demonstration project will provide basis for future storage deployments with dedicated purposes

Conclusion