EU legislation regarding control measures

”Red alert” , Suceava, 7-10 September 2009

DVM, MVPH Maren Holm JohansenHead of section of Animal HealthDanish Veterinary and Food Administration (TAIEX)

DVM, MVPH Maren Holm Johansen 2

FMD Directive FMD Directive 2003/85/EC2003/85/EC

• exactly the same in all 27 member states

• minimum demands - - eg depopulation in 1 km zones ………..

Motivation

• FMD is extremely contagious!

• FMD is extremely expensive!

• FMD is compensated by EU if the MS meets the directive and implement the control meassures

ExperienceExperience

4

Defining Priorities

Breakdown of veterinary emergencyfunds payments (1997-2005)

UK 59%NL 26%

IT 6%ES 4%

DE 2%BE 1%

Others 1%

Foot and Mouth Disease 668.7

Classical Swine Fever

178.7

Avian Influenza109.7

Bluetongue 19.6 Others 12.6

Per country(% of total)

Per livestock disease(million €)

Contigency plans• legal base for action, Commission approval

– access to adequate resources– chain of command, expert group– coordination with neighbouring countries– WORST CASE SCENARIO, Bioterrorism– vaccination– disposal of dead animals and animal products

►FVO-Inspection – implementation of plan – FVO-Inspection – implementation of plan – only done for CSF only done for CSF donedone

►Annual reporting on exercises - Annual reporting on exercises - first exercise for FMD in 2009first exercise for FMD in 2009

►Review of plans each 5 years – Review of plans each 5 years – planned as result of the current planned as result of the current exerciseexercise

The main aspects in the directive- is solidarirty!

• obligation to increase avareness and preparedness

• obligation to control an outbreak as fast as possible

• obligation to regain FMD-free status as fast as possible

Parallels between Danmark and Romania

• last outbreak many years ago.. (1983/1973)

• it requires much discipline to bee avare and prepared

• training and exercises are extremely important

Outbreak Control

Restrictions in place following first suspect national movement ban, suspect holding• stamping out, preventive killing

• zoning, regionalisation• controls (animals & products)• cleansing and disinfection• emergency vaccination• surveillance• controlled restocking• safeguard measures

– specific rules for products– additional testing

Surveillance Zone

Protection Zone3 km

10 km

Suspicion handling

What are the main obligations for the MS:

• Immediately activate official investigation( - DK in less than 4 hours!)

• place the holding under official surveillance

• extend the meassures to other holdings (contact holdings)

Confirmation

What are the main obligations for the MS: (without delay!)

• all animals shall bee killed on the spot

• epidemiological inquirys must bee carried out

• immediately activate official investigation in contact holdings

• cleansing and desinfection must bee carried out under official supervision

Acceptable killing methodsshould• Respect animal welfare• Be safe for man• Be quick• Imply the smallest possible risk of spreading the

infectious agent• Imply as little handling of animals as possible

•Council Directive 93/119 of 22.12.1993 on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter or killing

Cleansing and desinfection

• must bee carried out under official supervision

• preliminary cleansing and disinfection

• final cleansing and desinfection

• dokumentation is important!

Time schedule, example

Issue 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1. Establishing water supply and electricity

2. Establishing slurry container

3. Removal of manure

4. First cleaning and disinfection

5. Removal of inventory

6. Removal of separate building

7. Burning of wooden material

8. Roof cleaning

9. Final cleaning

10. Final disinfection indoor/outdoor

11. Official approval

12. Surveillance 30 days

13. Reconstruction of inventory

14. Reconstruction of building

15. Restocking

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Notification

What are the main obligations for the MS: (without delay!)

• in less than 24 hours to ADNS and OIE i writing ..( telefoncall is ”good maner”)

• the following infected premises as soon as possible(and as minimum in a week)

Setting up zones

What are the main obligations for the MS: (immediately after confirmation!)

• a protection zone based on 3 km. radius from IP

• a surveillance zone based on 10 km. radius from IP

• tracing from zones (21 days).. - and information to other MS

Investigation in zones

Survey :• All holdings must undergo clinical examination

Sampling:• intensive i protection zone – less intensive insurveillance zone• special avareness on sheep!

Additional meassures!

Removal of meassures in 3 and 10 km zones

Protection zone:• 15 days since killing, disposal and C/D• survey has been conducted with negative results

Surveillance zone:• 30 days since killing, disposal and C/D• survey has been conducted with negative results

Applying free status- without vaccination

1. the zones has been lifted properly

2. at least 3 month since last outbreak

3. all clinical and laboratoriy surveillance are carried out (with negative results!)

4. all recommendations of the animal health code are met (OIE)

Emergency vaccination

• Council Directive 2003/85/EC provides for emergency vaccination

• Types of vaccination– Protective (vaccinate-to-live)– Suppressive (vaccinate-to-kill)

Recovery of free status after emergency vaccination

I. Immunisation phase (0-30 days post vaccination)II. Surveillance phase (>31 days post vaccination)

– Testing period (Guidelines of OIE)– Classification of herds

• NSP( +) with virus circulation = outbreak• NSP( +) without virus circulation = controlled slaughter• NSP( - ) = controlled movement and production

III. Waiting Phase (according to OIE)• 3 months after slaughter of vaccinates• 6 months after last vaccination

Prevention of FMD

• Keep it out!

– import policy, border controls, inspections

– assistance to neighboring countries

• Live up to the risks

– trade rules, traceability

• Be aware and prepared

– notifiability, monitoring, diagnostic laboratories

Summing up

• the motivation is high!

• preparedness is essential(planning, education and exercices)

• outbreak control:1. confirmation2. stamping out3. zoning4. recovering of free status

“Prevention is better than cure”

Reactiveapproach “cure”

Proactiveapproach “prevention”

Investment in prevention

Direct and indirect costs

€

€

€

€€€

- a small view in to the FMD directive..

thank you for your attention