FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRES KERJA PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI PT ISM BOGASARI FLOUR MILLS TBK TANJUNG PRIOK JAKARTA UTARA TAHUN 2009

7/31/2019 FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRES KERJA PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI PT ISM BOGASARI FLOUR MI

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@EFQO[-@EFQO[ \EBN MJMSJBNE[ZGL TQ[JT FJ[HE

SEAE SJFJ[HE KENLEB S[OAZFTL

SQ LTM KONETE[L @IOZ[ MLIIT QKF

QEBHZBN S[LOF HEFE[QE ZQE[E QEGZB ;335:>443:0J-MELI 8ebq_dglkl3:C|egoo"dom

[L^E\EQ SJBALALFEB8

Qegzb [l~e|eq Sjbalalfeb

;33:;33< 8 T5- Fjtjgeqeb Met|e{efeq) @efziqet Fjaofqj{eb aeb Limz Fjtjgeqeb

Zblpj{tlqet Ltiem Bjnj{l 'ZLB, T|e{l` Glae|eqziieg Hefe{qe;33;;33: 8 TMEB 5 Sjmeiebn) He~e Qjbneg5


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FEQE SJBNEBQE[

Eigemaziliieg) tjneie szhl aeb t|zfz{) sjbzilt sebheqfeb fj geal{eq Eiieg T^Q

eqet tjneie blfmeq aeb {egmeq-B|e tjglbnne aeseq qj{tjijtelfebb|e tf{lstl |ebn

kj{hzazi @efqo{-@efqo{ |ebn Mjmsjbne{zgl Tq{jt Fj{he seae Sjfj{he al Kenleb

S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33


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0" Tjiz{zg aotjb aeb tqe` S{on{em Tqzal Fjtjgeqeb Met|e{efeq 'STFM, @efziqetFjaofqj{eb aeb Limz Fjtjgeqeb '@FLF, Zblpj{tlqet Ltiem Bjnj{l 'ZLB, T|e{l`

Glae|eqziieg Hefe{qe"

>" Kesef Iozlt M" Ahebnzb tjiefz Foo{albeqo{ Sjie|ebeb Fjnleqeb Tqzal SQ LTMKonete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf |ebn qjieg kj{tjale mjmkj{lfeb fjtjmseqeb fjseae

sjbzilt zbqzf mjieftebefeb fjnleqeb sjbjilqleb" Kesef Alge{qo) TG tjiefz

mebehj{ Te`jq| aeb Tjdz{lq| Ajse{qjmjbq aeb Kesef Mztildg [lxe) TFM |ebn

qjieg mjmklmklbn aeb mjmkj{lfeb sjbnjqegzeb f{lqlf tj{qe te{eb |ebn kj{nzbe

kenl sjbjilql"

7" Tjmze sjfj{he al SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf |ebn qlaef aeseq altjkzqfebteqz-sj{teqz) fe{jbe qjieg mjbnlxlbfeb aeb mjmkebqz sjbjilql zbqzf mjiefzfeb

sjmebqezeb al e{je s{oazftl aeb qjieg kj{tjale ajbneb qzizt mjmkj{lfeb limzb|e

fjseae sjbjilql"


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4" Meb`eeq kenl Sjbjilql """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 5;

@" [zebn Ilbnfzs """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 54

KEK LL QLBHEZEB SZTQEFE """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 51

E" Aj`lbltl Tq{jt """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 51

K" Aj`lbltl Tq{jt Fj{he """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 5:

D" Sjb|jkek Tq{jt Fj{he """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 5>

5" @efqo{ Lbq{lbtlf aeiem Sjfj{heeb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 57

;" Sj{ebeb aeiem O{nebltetl """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ;7

4" Sjbnjmkebneb Fe{l{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 45

1" Gzkzbneb Lbqj{sj{tobei aeiem Sjfj{heeb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 44

:" Tq{zfqz{ aeb Lfilm O{nebltetl """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 4>

A" Sjbajfeqeb aeiem Mjmsjiehe{l Tq{jt Fj{he """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 11

J" Qegeseb Tq{jt """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 10

@" Sjbne{zg Tq{jt Fj{he qj{geaes Jmotl) Sj{liefz aeb Fjtjgeqeb """""""" :3

N" Lbalfeqo{ eqez [jeftl Qzkzg qj{geaes Tq{jt """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" :;

G" Zse|e Sjbdjnegeb Tq{jt Fj{he """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" :1

L" Zse|e Sjbebnnziebneb Tq{jt Fj{he """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" ::

H" Sjbnzfz{eb Tq{jt Fj{he """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" :0

F" Fj{ebnfe Qjo{l """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" :7

KEK LLL FJ[EBNFE FOBTJS AEB AJ@LBLTL OSJ[ETLOBEI """""""""""""" 03

E" Fj{ebnfe Fobtjstlobei """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 03

K" Aj`lbltl Osj{etlobei """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0;


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5" Pe{lekji Ajsjbajb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0;

;" Pe{lekji Lbajsjbajb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0;

KEK LP Mjqoaj Sjbjilqleb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

E" Ajtelb Sjbjilqleb """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

K" Iofetl aeb ^efqz Sjbjilqleb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

D" Soszietl aeb Temsji """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

5" Soszietl """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

;" Temsji """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

A" Lbtq{zmjb Sjbjilqleb"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0>

5" Zhl Doke """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0>

;" Fzjtlobj{ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 07

4" Tfo{lbn """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0:

E" Nemke{eb SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >:

K" Nemke{eb Tq{jt Fj{he """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >0

D" Nemke{eb @efqo{-@efqo{ |ebn Mjmsjbne{zgl Tq{jt Fj{he """""""""""""""" >>


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5" Nemke{eb @efqo{ Lbq{lbtlf Sjfj{heeb """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >>

e" Kjkeb Fj{he """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >7

k" Hem Fj{he """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >7

d" [zqlblqet """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >0

Qekji :"; Nemke{eb Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Pe{lekji-Pe{lekji

@efqo{ Lbq{lbtlf Sjfj{heeb al Kenleb S{oazftl

SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >7

Qekji :"4 Nemke{eb Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Pe{lekji-Pe{lekji

@efqo{ Jftq{lbtlf Sjfj{heeb al Kenleb S{oazftl

SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 75

Qekji :"1 Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Pe{lekji @efqo{ Lbalplaz al Kenleb

S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """""""""""""""""""" 74

Qekji :": Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Kjkeb Fj{he qj{geaes Tq{jt Fj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """" 71

Qekji :"0 Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Hem Fj{he qj{geaes Tq{jt Fj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """" 7:

Qekji :"> Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq [zqlblqet qj{geaes Tq{jt Fj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """" 70


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Qekji :"7 Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Fjkltlbneb qj{geaes Tq{jt Fj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb ;33< """" 7>

Qekji :"< Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Sj{ebebeb aeiem O{nebltetl qj{geaes

Tq{jt Fj{he al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf

Qegzb ;33< """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 77

Qekji :"53 Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb Mjbz{zq Sjbnjmkebneb Fe{l{ qj{geaes Tq{jt

Fj{he al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf

Qegzb ;33< """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 7* '4> o{ebn, mjbnebnnes keg~e

kjkeb fj{he mj{jfe kj{eq aeb 1:)* ae{l mj{jfe mjbneieml tq{jt qlbnfeq

tjaebn"

Tjielb `efqo{ tq{zfqz{ aeb lfilm o{nebltetl kj{aete{feb moal`lfetl moaji tq{jt

fj{he Doosj{ '5


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mjbazfzbn fe{|e~eb kleteb|e aeseq mjblmkzifeb fjqlaefszeteb aeiem kjfj{he) |ebn

efgl{b|e aeseq mjb|jkekfeb tq{jt" Mjbz{zq sjbjilqleb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg Szq{l '5


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eaeb|e mjfebltmj fjqlaefszeteb qj{geaes sjfj{heeb |ebn aliefzfeb" Eaeb|e

fjqlaefszeteb fj{he lbl seae efgl{b|e aeseq mjblmkzifeb tq{jt fj{he"

Mjbz{zq N{jjbkj{n ';33;, èfqo{-èfqo{ |ebn tjde{e fgztzt alebnnes

kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb fjqlaefszeteb qj{geaes sjfj{heeb eaeieg nehl aeb fobaltl qjmseq

fj{he 'tjsj{ql kltlbn) sjbdege|eeb |ebn kz{zf) qjmsj{eqz{ |ebn kz{zf aeb ielb-ielb,"

Mjbz{zq qjo{l |ebn alfjmzfefeb oijg Doosj{ aeb Aeplatob '5, aeiem Mliij{ ';333,

fjszeteb qj{geaes sjmke|e{eb 'aeiem azble ztege aeseq ale{qlfeb tjkenel nehl,

mj{zsefeb èfqo{ |ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb tq{jt fj{he" Tjmjbqe{e mjbz{zq êbqo{o

'5


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SQ" Lbao`ooa Tzftjt Mefmz{ Qkf Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit mj{zsefeb

sj{ztegeeb |ebn kj{nj{ef alklaebn s{oaztjb qjszbn qj{lnz al Lbaobjtle ajbneb

fesetlqet s{oazftl tjkjte{ 4)0 hzqe qob sj{ qegzb) qj{kjte{ al azble aeiem teqz iofetl"

Almebe fjnleqeb s{oazftlb|e qlaef ijset ae{l tjneie hjblt mjtlb |ebn kj{qjfboionl

qlbnnl" Tjqles sjieftebeeb fjnleqeb s{oazftl kj{jtlfo zbqzf qj{healb|e fjdjiefeeb fj{he"

Kj{aete{feb aeqe SQ" LTM Qkf Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit qegzb ;337 qj{heal ;1 fetzt

fjdjiefeeb fj{he |ebn tjkenleb kjte{ fjdjiefeeb qj{tjkzq fe{jbe sj{liefz sjfj{he |ebn

qlaef emeb |ebn altjkekfeb oijg s{otjt fj{he |ebn qlaef emeb ';


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{jbqeb fe{jbe mjbz{zbb|e ae|e qegeb qzkzg tjglbnne mjbz{zbfeb fjtjgeqeb sjfj{he

|ebn hzne all{lbnl ajbneb mjbz{zbb|e sj{ò{me aeb s{oazfqlplqet fj{he" Gei qj{tjkzq

qjbqzb|e mjb|jkekfeb fj{znleb qlaef geb|e fjseae lbalplaz tjkenel sjfj{he efeb qjqesl

hzne fjseae qlbnfeqeb |ebn ijklg zmzm) aeiem gei lbl eaeieg sj{ztegeeb fe{jbe

fobtjfzjbtl `lbebtlei |ebn ge{zt alqebnnzbn oijg sj{ztegeeb dzfzs kjte{) tjsj{ql kle|e

sjbnokeqeb) kle|e sj{e~eqeb) aeb fjgliebneb qjbene tjgzkzbneb ajbneb njheie-njheie

tq{jt |ebn aleieml sjfj{heb|e" Kj{aete{feb z{eleb al eqet) sjbjilql qj{qe{lf zbqzf

mjiefzfeb sjbjilqleb qjbqebn èfqo{-èfqo{ |ebn mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt fj{he seae sjfj{he

al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qebhzbn S{lof Hefe{qe Zqe{e qegzb

;33


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1" Kenelmeb nemke{eb `efqo{ lbalplaz 'zmz{ aeb mete fj{he, |ebn kj{gzkzbnebajbneb tq{jt fj{he seae sjfj{he al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit)

Qkf Qebhzbn S{lof Hefe{qe Zqe{e qegzb ;33


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;" Qzhzeb Fgztzte" Alfjqegzlb|e nemke{eb tq{jt fj{he seae sjfj{he al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM

Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qebhzbn S{lof Hefe{qe Zqe{e qegzb ;33


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s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qebhzbn S{lof Hefe{qe Zqe{e

qegzb ;33


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@" [zebn IlbnfzsSjbjilqleb lbl mjmkeget mjbnjbel `efqo{-`efqo{ |ebn mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt

fj{he seae sjfj{he al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qebhzbn S{lof

Hefe{qe Zqe{e qegzb ;33


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QLBHEZEB SZTQEFE

E" Aj`lbltl Tq{jtTjqles efqlplqet bo{mei efeb mjbngetlifeb tq{jt) aeb tq{jt qef aeseq alglbae{l"

Tq{jt aeseq alqoij{ebtl geb|e aeiem ~efqz |ebn qj{keqet" Qlaef sj{beg eae aze o{ebn

|ebn lajbqlf) mefe tq{jt |ebn teme efeb kj{sjbne{zg tjde{e kj{kjae qj{geaes metlbn-

metlbn lbalplaz) tj{qe kj{eq {lbnebb|e hzne tebneq kj{pe{letl 'Ge{{lebqo) ;33:," Tq{jto{

|ebn teme aeseq alsj{tjstl tjde{e kj{kjae) |elqz aeseq tjkenel sj{ltql~e |ebn sotlql`

aeb qlaef kj{kege|e) eqez mjbheal sj{ltql~e |ebn kj{kege|e aeb mjbnebdem" Sjblieleb

fonblql` lbalplaz aeiem gei lbl tebneq mjbjbqzfeb esefeg tq{jto{ lqz aeseq kj{eflkeq

sotlql` eqez bjneql`" Sjblieleb fonblql` qj{tjkzq tebneq kj{sjbne{zg qj{geaes {jtsob |ebn

efeb mzbdzi 'Tji|j) 5


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kelf tjde{e `ltlf mezszb mjbqei) qj{geaes tzeqz sj{zkegeb al ilbnfzbnebb|e |ebn

al{etefeb mjbnnebnnz aeb mjbneflkeqfeb al{lb|e qj{ebdem" Mjbz{zq Gjj{aheb '5


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mjmsjbne{zgl lbalplaz" S{otjt lbqj{eftl |ebn qlaef tjlmkebn ebqe{e ajmebat aeb

{jtoz{djt seae lbalplaz efeb djbaj{zbn mjbheal s{jdz{to{t o` altjetj" Tjieme s{otjt

qj{tjkzq kj{iebntzbn efeb eae pe{lekji lbqj{efql` |ebn efeb kj{sj{eb alaeiemb|e tjsj{ql

pe{lekji lbq{lbtlf aeb jftq{lbtlf"

Fobtjs tq{jt al qjmseq fj{he kjtj{qe `efqo{ |ebn kj{sjbne{zg al aeiemb|e)

tjde{e foms{jgjbtl` alz{elfeb oijg Doosj{" Mjbz{zqb|e tq{jt al qjmseq fj{he aeseq

kj{tzmkj{ ae{l kjkj{ese gei) |elqz ~o{f e{je) gomj e{je) totlei e{je aeb lbalplazei

e{je" Tjmjbqe{e mebl`jtqeqlob e{je eaeieg mjbnemeql sj{zkegeb eflkeq tq{jt tjde{e

qlaef iebntzbn seae `ltlf) sj{liefz aeb jmotl seae sjfj{he" Kj{lfzq eaeieg qjo{l tq{jt

mjbz{zq Doosj{ |ebn qjieg almoal`lfetl oijg Mzbebae{ ';335, |ebn aeseq alilgeq seae

nemke{ ;"5"

Nemke{ ;"5

Moal`lfetl Moaji Tq{jt Fj{he Doosj{


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Ilbnfzbneb Sjfj{heeb

Lbq{lbtlf aeiem Sj{eb aeiem Sjbnjmkebneb Gzkzbneb aeiem Tq{zfqz{ aeb

Sjfj{heeb O{nebltetl fe{l{ Sjfj{heeb Lfilm O{nebltetl

Tq{jt Fj{he

Tzmkj{8 Mzbebae{) Stlfoionl Lbaztq{l aeb O{nebltetl" Moal`lfetl ae{l Moaji Tq{jt Fj{he

Doosj{) D"I" '5


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@efqo{ lbqlbtlf aeiem sjfj{heeb mjilszql 8

e" Kjkeb fj{heAjbneb mjiefzfeb efqlplqet sjfj{heeb) qzkzg efeb mjbj{lme kjkeb ae{l ize{

qzkzgb|e" Ajbneb feqe ielb) keg~e tjqles sjfj{heeb mj{zsefeb kjkeb kenl

sjfj{heb|e" Kjkeb qj{tjkzq aeseq kj{zse kjkeb fj{he `ltlf aeb mjbqei 'Qe{~efe) jq ei)

;331,"

Ijklg iebhzq mjbz{zq Mzbebae{ ';335, kjkeb fj{he alkjaefeb mjbheal kjkeb fj{he

fzebqlqeql` aeb kjkeb fj{he fzeilqlql`" Kjkeb fj{he fzebqlqeql` |elqz kjkeb fj{he |ebn

qlmkzi tjkenel eflkeq ae{l qznet-qznet |ebn alkj{lfeb ge{zt altjijtelfeb aeiem ~efqz

qj{qjbqz" Tjaebnfeb kjkeb fj{he fzeilqeql` |elqz hlfe o{ebn mj{ete qlaef memsz zbqzf

mjiefzfeb tzeqz qznet eqez qznet qlaef mjbnnzbefeb fjqj{emslieb eqez soqjbtl ae{l

qjbene fj{he" Kjkeb fj{he fzebqlqeql` aeb fzeilqeql` |ebn kj{ijklg aeseq mjblmkzifeb

fjkzqzgeb zbqzf kjfj{he tjieme hzmieg hem |ebn tebneq keb|ef) |ebn mj{zsefeb

tzmkj{ qemkegeb ae{l tq{jt"

Hzmieg aeb qlbnfeq fjtzilqeb tjtjo{ebn aeiem mjiefzfeb tzeqz sjfj{heeb klte

mjb|jkekfeb o{ebn mjbheal tq{jt" Kjfj{he ajbneb kjkeb fj{he tjde{e fzebqlqeql` |ebn

kj{ijklgeb qjieg mjbheal `ofzt keb|ef sjbjilqleb) fe{jbe aemsef |ebn alqlmkzifeb

qlaef geb|e kj{felqeb ajbneb `ltloionlt tjtjo{ebn qjqesl hzne stlfoionlb|e" Getli

sjbjilqleb mjbzbhzffeb keg~e glsj{qjbtl qlbnnl eqez qjfebeb ae{eg qlbnnl qj{felq

ajbneb kjkjeb fj{he |ebn qlbnnl allfzql ajbneb qlbnnlb|e fjnjiltegeb aeb `{ztqetl"

'Tsjdqo{ jq ei ) 5


43/197

sjfj{heeb |ebn ge{zt altjijtelfeb 'geplbn qoo mzdg ~o{f, mjmszb|el {jtlfo

mjbneieml qjfebeb fj{he 1): feil ijklg kjte{ alkebalbnfeb sjfj{he klete" Sjbjilqleb

|ebn aliefzfeb oijg egil hebqzbn Mj|j{ @{ljamjb aeb [e| [jtjbmjb '51, aeiem

Ebzn{eg ';33


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Kjkeb fj{he aeseq alqjbqzfeb ajbneb mj{zhzf fjseae hzmieg feio{l |ebn

alfjize{feb aeiem mjiefzfeb sjfj{heeb sj{ teqzeb ~efqz" Jtqlmetl sebet mjqekoilf

aeseq aliefzfeb ajbneb mjbliel sjfj{heeb) gei lbl aeseq alilgeq seae qekji ;"5

Qekji ;"5

Sjblieleb sjfj{heeb

E" Sotltl aeb sj{nj{efeb keaeb fdei/mlb(

Tlqqlbn 3"4

Tqebalbn 3"0

êiflbn ;"3-4"3

êiflbn Zsglii eaa 3"7 ò{ jpj{| mjqj{ '|e{a,

{ltjK" Q|sj o` ~o{f Epj{enj fdei/mlb [ebnj fdei/mlb

Geba ~o{f

Ilngq 3"13";-5";

Gjep| 3"-;":

Gjep| 5">

ô{f8 Koqg e{mt

Ilngq 5":5"3-4":

Gjep| ;":ô{f8 ^goij koa|

Ilngq 4":

;":-5:"3Moaj{eqj :"3

Gjep| >"3

Pj{| gjep| 3 fn koa| ~jlngq '5:1 ikt, eba 5"7m; koa| tz{èdj '5


45/197

Feqjno{l kjkeb fj{he kj{aete{feb hzmieg feio{l |ebn alfjize{feb

aeiem mjiefzfeb sjfj{heeb

Feqjno{l Fdei / Hem

Sjfj{heeb [lbneb Temsel ajbneb ;33 fdei / hem

Sjfj{heeb tjaebn ;334:3 Fdei/hem

Sjfj{heeb Kj{eq 2 4:3 fdei / hem

Tzmkj{ 8EDNLG) 5


46/197

Mjbz{zq tqebae{ |ebn eae) {eqe-{eqe hem fj{he eaeieg 7 hem sj{ ge{l 'GLSJ[FJT,"

Tjglbnne sjbemkegeb hem fj{he alize{ tqebae{ aeseq mjblbnfeqfeb ztege eaesqetl

sjfj{he) |ebn fjmzaleb aeseq mjblbnfeqfeb jftf{jtl feqofgoiemlb |elqz go{mob

ea{jbeilb aeb bob-ea{jbeilb 'Mzbebae{) ;335," Mjbz{zq kjkj{ese sjbjilqleb) fj{he

ijmkz{ |ebn qj{ieiz tj{lbn) eseienl qebse fobq{oi hzmieg hem fj{he |ebn kj{ijklgeb

qj{b|eqe qlaef geb|e mjbnz{ebnl fzebqlqet aeb fzeilqet getli fj{he) hzne tj{lbnfeil

mjblbnfeqfeb fzebqlqet ektjb ajbneb eieteb teflq eqez fjdjiefeeb fj{he 'Ge{{lebqo)

;33:,"

Kjke{ese getli sjbjilqleb mjmkzfqlfeb keg~e sj{zkegeb iemeb|e ~efqz fj{he

tjge{l mjblmkzifeb sj{zkegeb seae j`ltljb fj{he" Aeiem keb|ef fetzt) fj{he |ebn

mjijklgl 53 hem tjge{l mjbneflkeqfeb sjbz{zbeb aeiem qoqei s{jtqetl aeb sjbz{zbeb

fjdjseqeb fj{he |ebn altjkekfeb fjijiegeb" Ae{l sjbnemeqeb qj{tjkzq aeseq alqe{lf

fjtlmszieb keg~e tjo{ebn sjne~el djbaj{zbn zbqzf mjmsj{qegebfeb fjize{eb

tjqles ge{lb|e tjsj{ql |ebn qjieg alqjqesfeb) tjglbnne le efeb kj{zse|e zbqzf

mjbdesel l{eme fj{heb|e tjbal{l aeiem {ebnfe mjbneaesqetl tlqzetl |ebn almeftza"

@jbomjbe qj{tjkzq geb|e efeb kj{iebntzbn eseklie sjfj{heeb qlaef qj{nebqzbn

fjseae mjtlb" Fjtjaleeb sjne~el zbqzf mjb|jtzelfeb fjdjseqeb fj{heb|e tjieme hem

fj{he alsjbne{zgl hzne oijg keb|efeb|e nehl |ebn alqj{lme eqez moqlpetl ielbb|e

'Tjaeme|ebql) ;33


47/197

aeb sjbnnebqleb fjmkeilb|e) eqez sjbnnebqleb ebqe{e kjfj{he aeb sjmzilgebb|e

kj{iefz teme kenl tjmze `zbntl qzkzg" Gei qj{tjkzq alsj{izfeb oijg tjmze sjne~el"

^efqz ltql{egeq mj{zsefeb fjkzqzgeb `ltloionl |ebn qlaef aeseq alglbae{feb aeiem

{ebnfe mjmsj{qegebfeb fesetlqet fj{he 'Tjaeme|ebql) ;33


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Ge{{lebqo ';33:, mjb|lmszifeb aeiem sjbjilqlebb|e keg~e sjfj{heeb |ebn keb|ef

mjbnnj{effeb qebneb kj{ziebn aeb mjmkotebfeb tjsj{ql seae se{e sjfj{he

sjbnnj{nehleb fe|z ijklg keb|ef mjblmkzifeb sjb|eflq-sjb|eflq stlfotomeqlf aeb

njheie-njheie tq{jt mjbqei ielbb|e tjglbnne mjblbnfeqfeb `{jfzjbtl dzql teflq"

Seae sjfj{heeb |ebn tjaj{gebe almebe keb|ef qj{heal sjbnziebneb nj{ef efeb

qlmkzi {ete koteb aeb {ete moboqob" Fjkotebeb aeiem fj{he {zqlb tjge{l-ge{l) tjkenel

getli ae{l qj{iemsez tjalflqb|e qznet |ebn ge{zt aliefzfeb aeseq mjbngetlifeb

kj{fz{ebnb|e sj{geqleb" Gei lbl) tjde{e soqjbtlei mjmkege|efeb hlfe qjbene fj{he

nenei zbqzf kj{qlbaef qjseq aeiem fjeaeeb ae{z{eq" Fjkotebeb alqjmzfeb tjkenel

tzmkj{ tq{jt |ebn b|eqe seae osj{eqo{ f{eb 'Doosj{ aeb Fjii|) 5


49/197

`" Sjmkjkebeb qzbqzqeb sjfj{heeb |ebn kj{eq ajbneb fjqj{emslieb |ebn qlaef mjmeaelEseklie tjtjo{ebn mjbnj{hefeb tjtzeqz |ebn kjizm mjbheal fjegilebb|e) mefe

o{ebn qj{tjkzq efeb kj{soqjbtl qj{fjbe tq{jt) fe{jbe sjfj{heeb efeb tjieiz mjbzbqzq

aeb mjmkjkebl sjfj{he" Tjglbnne slfl{ebb|e qlaef sj{beg qjbebn aeb tjieiz mj{ete

alke|ebnl oijg sjfj{heebb|e qj{tjkzq 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

n" [ete qebnnzbn he~ek qj{geaes sjfj{heebTjtjo{ebn |ebn mjmlilfl qebnnzbn he~ek |ebn kjte{ qj{geaes sjfj{heebb|e efeb

kj{ztege zbqzf mjb|jijtelfeb sjfj{heeb |ebn alkjkebfeb fjseaeb|e" Bemzb)

sjfj{he |ebn fz{ebn mjmlilfl {ete qebnnzbn he~ek qj{geaes sjfj{heebb|e efeb tjieiz

mjbzbae sjfj{heebb|e" Tjglbnne sjfj{heeb qlaef sj{beg tjijtel qjseq ~efqz) |ebn

seae efgl{b|e aeseq mjblmkzifeb tq{jt 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

Mjbz{zq ^ebqo{o '5


50/197

qj{geaes sjfj{heebb|e mezszb kj{fomzblfetl ajbneb o{ebn ielb" Fjeaeeb lbl

aeseq mjbnnebnnz sjbajbne{eb) qj{healb|e fjdjiefeeb fj{he) mjblmkzifeb

qj{healb|e nebnnzeb eqez sjbne{zg stlfoionlt ae{l sjfj{he aeiem kjbqzf

nebnnzeb jmotl) qjmsj{emjb aeb ielb-ielb" Sese{eb fjkltlbneb ajbneb

lbqjbtlqet |ebn qlbnnl mjijklgl Bliel Emkebn Keqet |ebn alqjqesfeb sjmj{lbqeg

mjieizl FJSMJBEFJ[ Bo" :5/MJB/5,"

Mjbz{zq Be~e~lbjqz aeb Ea{l|ebl ';33>, j`jf fjkltlbneb ajbneb lbqjbtlqet

qlbnnl qj{geaes sjbajbne{eb kj{zse fjqzileb t|e{e` 'Boltj Lbazdja Gje{lbn

Iott, qj{tjkzq qjieg keb|ef alqjilql" Bemzb fjkltlbneb tjielb mjmkj{lfeb j`jf

qj{geaes sjbajbne{eb 'Ezalqo{| J``jdqt, hzne aeseq mjblmkzifeb j`jf kzfeb

seae sjbajbne{eb 'Bob Ezalqo{| J``jdqt, aeb j`jf lbl klte qj{heal ~eiezszb

lbqjbtlqet fjkltlbneb qlaef qj{ieiz qlbnnl" J`jf bob ezalqo{l qj{heal fe{jbe kltlbn

alebnnes tjkenel tze{e |ebn mjbnnebnnz tjglbnne {jtsob |ebn qlmkzi eaeieg

eflkeq tq{jt kltlbn qj{tjkzq" Kjkj{ese sjbjilqleb mjbzbhzffeb keg~e

ektjbqjltmj seae qjbene fj{he |ebn qj{sese{ kltlbn ijklg qlbnnl alkebalbn |ebn

qlaef qj{sese{ kltlbn) bemzb kjizm hjiet esefeg gei lbl altjkekfeb oijg j`jf

stlfoionlt eqez `ltloionlt ae{l tq{jt kltlbn 'DDOGT) ;33> aeiem Be~e~lbjqz

aeb Ea{l|ebl) ;33>,"

Tjielb lqz kj{aete{feb sjbjilqleb E{lebq| '5


51/197

fjkltlbneb ajbneb tq{jt fj{he" Bemzb) mjbz{zq Bzn{ogo ';331, alfjqegzl keg~e

qlaef eae gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e fjkltlbneb ajbneb tq{jt fj{he"

k"

Tzgz sebet eqez albnlb

Seae tzgz sebet aeb albnlb) aeseq mjb|jkekfeb sjfj{he mzaeg qj{fjbe

fjijiegeb altemslbn sjbne{zg fjtjgeqeb ielbb|e" J`jf tzgz qjmseq fj{he al

aeiem eqez al ize{ {zebneb) tqeqzt fjtjgeqeb sjfj{he) fjijmkekeb) fjdjseqeb

eil{eb zae{e) hjblt sefeleb |ebn alnzbefeb aeb ieme sjmese{eb" Fjeaeeb lbl

klie qj{heal kj{ie{zq-ie{zq mjb|jkekfeb sjfj{he qlaef memsz kjfj{he ajbneb kelf

fe{jbe mjbz{zbb|e nel{eg kjfj{he eqez klie qj{sefte kjfj{he mefe aeseq

mjbneflkeqfeb tq{jt 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

d" Sjbdege|eebQj{ieiz fzeqb|e dege|e sjbj{ebneb aeseq mjblmkzifeb aemsef stlfoionlt

seae sjfj{he) tjsj{ql fjijiegeb aeb sztlbn" Kegfeb aeseq mjblmkzifeb

fjdjiefeeb fj{he eflkeq tliezb|e sjbj{ebneb al {zebn fj{he) kjnlqz szie

tjkeilfb|e ajbneb sjbj{ebneb |ebn tz{em 'Mzbebae{) ;335," Sjbdege|eeb |ebn

fz{ebn eqez qj{ieiz kj{ijklgeb al qjmseq fj{he mjb|zilqfeb sjfj{he zbqzf kjfj{he

tjde{e osqlmei) tjglbnne eseklie gei lbl qj{heal aeiem ~efqz |ebn ieme aeseq

mjb|jkekfeb tjo{ebn sjfj{he mjbneieml tq{jt aeb fjqlaefb|emebeb aeiem

kjfj{he 'Te{ilqo) 5


52/197

sjmese{eb aeb he{ef tzmkj{ fj sjfj{he" Tjielb mjmkj{l sjbne{zg kz{zf) {ealetl

hzne mjb|jkekfeb {ete fz{ebn emeb kenl sjfj{he al qjmseq |ebn mjbnebazbn

{ealetl" Eseklie gei lbl qlaef alsj{geqlfeb) mefe aeiem ~efqz-~efqz qj{qjbqz gei

qj{tjkzq qlaef geb|e kj{kege|e kenl sjfj{he) bemzb aeseq mjblmkzifeb

fj{jtegeb aeb tq{jt aeiem kjfj{he 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

;" Sj{ebeb aeiem O{nebltetlTzmkj{ zqeme tq{jt fj{he ielbb|e eaeieg |ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb sj{ebeb tjtjo{ebn

al qjmseq fj{he" Se{e sjbjilql al klaebn lbl kj{tjsefeq zbqzf mjmòfztfeb seae sj{ebeb

|ebn mjmszb|el aze mefbe '{oij emklnzlq|, aeb sj{ebeb |ebn mjmszb|el aze mefbe

|ebn teilbn kj{qjbqebneb '{oij dobìldq, 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

e" [oij Emklnzlq|Gei lbl qj{heal fjqlfe tjtjo{ebn mjmszb|el lbò{metl |ebn qlaef tjie{et qjbqebn

sj{ebeb sjfj{heebb|e) almebe qj{aeseq fjfz{ebn-hjieteb qjbqebn qzhzeb |ebn efeb

algetlifeb ae{l tzeqz sjfj{heeb |ebn alsjbne{zgl oijg sj{eqz{eb) qjbqebn {zebn ilbnfzs

aeb qebnnzbn he~ek ae{l tzeqz sjfj{heeb aeb qjbqebn ge{eseb {jfeb-{jfeb fj{he ae{l

sj{ebeb fj{heb|e" Fegb jq ei '5


53/197

fjqlaefszeteb seae sjfj{heeb) {jbaegb|e moqlpetl fj{he) fjlbnlbeb zbqzf

mjblbnneifeb sjfj{heeb aeb {ete mjbnge{nel al{l tjbal{l |ebn tjmeflb {jbaeg"

k" [oij Dob`ildqGei lbl qj{heal fjqlfe tjtjo{ebn kj{eae aeiem tlqzetl sj{ebeb fj{he qj{qjbqz |ebn

kj{ie~ebeb ajbneb qzbqzqeb sjfj{heeb / mjbngeaesl meteieg oijg fjge{zteb

mjieftebefeb tzeqz sjfj{heeb |ebn tjkjbe{b|e qlaef lbnlb aliefzfeb oijg o{ebn

qj{tjkzq" Tjkenleb kjte{ `{jfzjbtl mebl`jtqetl ae{l {oij dob`ildq eaeieg fjqlfe

tjtjo{ebn algeaesfeb seae aze fjiomsof o{ebn |ebn mjbnlbnlbfeb sj{kjaeeb

sj{liefz eqez mjbnge{esfeb keg~e sjfj{heeb tjge{ztb|e mjbngetlifeb `zbntl |ebn

kj{kjae-kjae" Fegb jq ei '5


54/197

5, Fobìlf sj{eb-s{lkeal 8 qjbene fj{he lbnlb mjiefzfeb qznet kj{kjae ae{l |ebnalte{ebfeb aeiem z{eleb sjfj{heebb|e"

;, Fobìlf Lbq{etjbaj{ 8 qjbene fj{he mjbj{lme sjbzneteb qebse mjmlilfl qjbene fj{he|ebn dzfzs zbqzf aeseq mjb|jijtelfeb qznet ajbneb kj{getli"

4, Fobìlf Lbqj{tjbaj{ 8 qjbene fj{he almlbqe zbqzf kj{sj{liefz tjajmlfleb {zse tjglbnneeae o{ebn mj{ete szet ajbneb getlib|e) tjaebnfeb o{ebn ielb qlaef"

1, Sj{eb ajbneb kjkeb kj{ijklg 8 qjbene fj{he mjbaeseq sjbzneteb fj{he |ebn qj{ieizkeb|ef aeb qlaef aeseq le qebnebl tjde{e j`jfql`"

Fljp aeb Fogb '5


55/197

fjnleqeb aeb sj{liefz-sj{liefz |ebn qj{felq ajbneb fj{he aeb tlfes) bliel aeb etsl{etl-

etsl{etl |ebn qj{felq tjsebhebn mete glazs tjtjo{ebn" Sjbnjmkebneb fe{l{ mj{zsefeb

nekzbneb ae{l fjkzqzgeb sjieqlgeb al mete efeb aeqebn aeb sj{jbdebeeb tzmkj{ ae|e

mebztle" Ae{l tzazq sebaebn sjne~el) sjbnjmkebneb fe{l{ mjmkj{lfeb nemke{eb

mjbnjbel heiz{-heiz{ fe{l{ al mete efeb aeqebn al aeiem o{nebltetl aeb mjbebaefeb

fjsjbqlbneb hebnfe sebhebn ae{l o{nebltetl qj{geaes se{e sjne~elb|e" Kenl o{nebltetl)

sjbnjmkebneb fe{l{ mjmkj{lfeb kjkj{ese hemlbeb keg~e efeb qj{tjale sjne~el-

sjne~el |ebn efeb mjbnltl sotltl-sotltl |ebn efeb io~obn al ~efqz mjbaeqebn 'Nomjt)

;335,"

Aeiem s{efqjf sjbnjmkebneb fe{l{ ijklg mj{zsefeb tzeqz sjiefteeb {jbdebe fe{l{

tjsj{ql |ebn alzbnfesfeb oijg Gebaofo '5


56/197

a" Tltqjm {j~e{a) mjilszql sjmkj{leb nehl) qzbhebneb aeb sjbnge{neeb seaefe{|e~eb kj{s{jtqetl qlaef alheiebfeb oijg sj{ztegeeb ajbneb kelf"

Ijklg hezg) mjbz{zq Jpj{i| aeb Nl{aebo '5


57/197

seae sjfj{he |ebn efeb mjbjmseql sotltl qj{tjkzq" Fjeaeeb lbl albemefeb Jwjdzqlpj

Bjz{otlt T|ba{omj"

Mjbz{zq sjbjilqleb Tlt~ebql ';331, kj{aete{feb getli zhl tqeqltqlf alfjqegzl eae

gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e fjszeteb qj{geaes tltqjm s{omotl ajbneb tq{jt fj{he"

Bemzb) mjbz{zq sjbjilqleb Klae '5


58/197

emklnzlq||ebn qlbnnl) |ebn mjbne{eg fj fomzblfetl ebqe{s{lkeal |ebn qlaef tjtzel ebqe{e

se{e qjbene fj{he aeb fjqjnebneb stlfoionlfei aeiem kjbqzf fjszeteb sjfj{heeb |ebn

{jbaeg) sjbz{zbeb ae{l fobaltl fjtjgeqeb aeb {ete alebdem oijg eqeteb aeb {jfeb-{jfeb

fj{heb|e 'Fegb aff) 5


59/197

sj{qlmkebneb lbl ae{l tjo{ebn eqeteb efeb aeseq mjbao{obn fjseae sj{eteeb qjfebeb

sjfj{heeb"

Teieg teqz `efqo{ zqeme |ebn kj{sjbne{zg ae{l tjo{ebn mebehj{ |ebn alfzqls oijg

Bopjba{e '5


60/197

tjde{e sotlql` kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb qlbnnlb|e {oij emklnzlq|) fz{ebnb|e kj{fomzblfetl

ajbneb {jfeb fj{he) fjqjnebneb stlfoionl |ebn alqzbhzffeb ajbneb {jbaegb|e fjszeteb

aeiem kjfj{he aeb qlaef eaeb|e sj{eteeb mjbngliebnfeb ebdemeb aeiem sjfj{heeb

tjkenel fjtzftjteb kj{teme"

Tjielb kjkj{ese `efqo{ |ebn qjieg altjkzqfeb tjkjizmb|e |ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb

gzkzbneb lbqj{sj{tobei aeb sj{telbneb aeiem sjfj{heeb) qj{aeseq jijmjb ielb |elqz tq{jt

aeseq altjkekfeb qlaef geb|e fe{jbe gzkzbneb ajbneb {jfeb fj{he) qjqesl hzne ie~eb fj{he

aeb fz{ebnb|e azfzbneb totlei |ebn alkzqzgfeb aeiem tlqzetl |ebn tzilq 'Iexe{zt) 5


61/197

Sjbjilqleb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg Klae '5


62/197

Tq{zfqz{ aeb lfilm o{nebltetl |ebn qlaef kelf aeb fz{ebn mjbazfzbn fe{|e~eb

kleteb|e aeseq mjblmkzifeb fjqlaefszeteb aeiem kjfj{he) |ebn efgl{b|e aeseq

mjb|jkekfeb tq{jt 'Doosj{) 5


63/197

4, Qlaef eae ae`qe{ tq{jto{ |ebn aeseq alqj{lme tjde{e zblpj{tei" Tjqles o{nebltetlmjmlilfl sjbjqeseb tjbal{l |ebn zblf

1, Sj{kjaeeb-sj{kjaeeb lbalplazei mjbhjietfeb mjbnese tzeqz tq{jto{ |ebnmjbnnebnnz aeb mjbnnodebn kenl tjtjo{ebn kj{zkeg seae o{ebn |ebn ielb

Sjbjilqleb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg Szq{l '5


64/197

tlqzetlb|e tjkenel tq{jt 'Mzbebae{) ;335," Mjbz{zq Doosj{ '5


65/197

Fjdefeseb mj{zsefeb pe{lekji sjbqlbn aeiem mjbjqzfeb tq{jt qlaefb|e

tjo{ebn lbalplaz mjbngeaesl tlqzetl |ebn algeaeslb|e" Hlfe tjtjo{ebn qlaef

memsz mjmjdegfeb tjkzeg meteieg) tjaebnfeb meteieg |ebn algeaeslb|e

tebneq sjbqlbn) mefe gei qj{tjkzq aeseq mjmldz qj{healb|e tq{jt"

Fjqlaefmemszeb lbalplaz mj|jijtelfeb meteieg qj{tjkzq) tjglbnne

mjb|jkekfeb qj{healb|e tq{jt) kj{felqeb ajbneb fjdefeseb aeb fjmemszeb

metlbn-metlbn lbalplaz 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

d" Bliel aeb fjkzqzgebTjqles o{nebltetl aeb sj{ztegeeb mjmlilfl kzae|e aeb bliel metlbn-

metlbn" Se{e qjbene fj{he alge{esfeb aeseq mjbnlfzql bliel aeb kzae|e |ebn

almlilfl sj{ztegeeb qj{tjkzq" S{otjt totleiltetl sjfj{he aeiem mjbnlfzql bliel

aeb kzae|e |ebn almlilfl oijg sj{ztegeeb qlaef tjsjbzgb|e kj{heieb iebde{)

eae |ebn tjsjbzgb|e kj{getli) eae |ebn tjqjbneg) eaeszie |ebn nenei

mjb|jtzelfeb al{l" Kenl sjfj{he |ebn nenei qj{tjkzq kleteb|e efeb

mjbnzbaz{feb al{l" Klie le qlaef aeseq mjbnzbaz{feb al{l) fe{jbe qlaef eae

sjfj{heeb ielb eqez fe{jbe tjkek ielb mefe qjbene fj{he qj{tjkzq efeb

mjbneieml tq{jt 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

4" Zmz{Gzkzbneb ebqe{e zmz{ ajbneb tq{jt mjmlilfl fjtemeeb ajbneb gzkzbneb

ebqe{e mete fj{he ajbneb tq{jt" Bemzb) qlaef tjiemeb|e zmz{ ajbneb tq{jt fj{he

algzkzbnfeb ajbneb mete fj{he" Eae kjkj{ese hjblt sjfj{heeb |ebn tebneq


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kj{sjbne{zg ajbneb zmz{) qj{zqeme |ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb tltqjm lbaj{e aeb

fjfzeqeb `ltlf" Kleteb|e sjfj{he |ebn mjmlilfl zmz{ |ebn ijklg mzae mjmlilfl

sjbnilgeqeb aeb sjbajbne{eb |ebn ijklg qehem) nj{efeb |ebn ijklg ilbdeg aeb

ae|e qegeb qzkzg |ebn fzeq" Bemzb) zbqzf kjkj{ese hjblt sjfj{heeb ielb) `efqo{

zmz{ |ebn ijklg qze kleteb|e mjmlilfl sjbneiemeb aeb sjmegemeb kjfj{he

|ebn ijklg keb|ef) tjglbnne seae hjblt sjfj{heeb qj{qjbqz zmz{ aeseq mjbheal

fjbaeie aeb aeseq mjbheal sjmldz qj{healb|e tq{jt 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

Kj{aete{feb tjkzeg sjbjilqleb qj{geaes ;3< sjfj{he qjbene bzfil{ |ebn

aliefzfeb oijg [lbnjbkedg aeb Hedokt '5


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Tjaebnfeb zbqzf feqjno{l zmz{ |ebn mjmlilfl sj{tjbqetj qj{kjte{ |ebn

mjbneieml tq{jt qlbnfeq {jbaeg eaeieg ztle 57-4; qegzb aeb ztle :5 qegzb fjeqet

'74*," Gei lbl altjkekfeb seae ztle e~ei sj{fjmkebneb fjeaeeb jmotl

tjtjo{ebn metlg ijklg iekli" Tjaebnfeb seae ztle iebhzq kleteb|e ae|e qegeb

qzkzg tjtjo{ebn tzaeg mziel kj{fz{ebn tjglbne tebneq kj{soqjbtl zbqzf qj{fjbe

tq{jt"

Kj{aete{feb sjbjilqleb Tzs{esqo ';337, |ebn aliefzfeb seae soiltl ieiz ilbqet

al fe~eteb szbdef Kono{ alfjqegzl keg~e eae gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e

zmz{ ajbneb tq{jt fj{he" Bemzb) sjbjilqleb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg Eaet ';330,)

alfjqegzl keg~e qlaef eae gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e zmz{ ajbneb tq{jt

fj{he"

1" Mete fj{heSjfj{he |ebn mjmlilfl mete fj{he |ebn sjbajf) mjmlilfl {jtlfo |ebn ijklg

kjte{ zbqzf mjbneieml fjdjiefeeb" Tjkzeg tqzal |ebn aliefzfeb tjieme > qegzb

qj{geaes ijklg ae{l 4:"333 fjdjiefeeb |ebn qj{heal al Ebnfeqeb Iezq Emj{lfe)

alqjmzfeb keg~e 4:* fjdjiefeeb qj{tjkzq qj{heal seae sjiezq |ebn ke{z kjfj{he

seae kzieb sj{qeme" Eseklie fjdjiefeeb qj{zt kj{iebhzq aeseq mjb|jkekfeb

tq{jt" Bemzb) tjl{lbn kj{heiebb|e ~efqz) {eqe-{eqe fjdjiefeeb mjbz{zb tjde{e

a{etqlt aeb kj{iebhzq tjieme 53 qegzb 'Tdgziqx) 5


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lbqjbtlqet tq{jt kelf mete fj{he |ebn ieme mezszb tjkjbqe{ aeseq mjbheal

sjmldz qj{healb|e tq{jt fj{he alsjkj{eq ajbneb kjkeb fj{he |ebn kjte{"

Mjbz{zq sjbjilqleb Jpe|ebql ';334, |ebn aliefzfeb seae sjbnjmzal kzt

foqe SSA Hefe{qe alsj{oijg keg~e eae gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e mete

fj{he aeb tq{jt fj{he" Bemzb) mjbz{zq sjbjilqleb Eaet ';330,) afjqegzl keg~e

qlaef eae gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e mete fj{he ajbneb tq{jt fj{he"

Tjielb lqz mjbz{zq Mzbebae{ ';335, keg~e mete hekeqeb |ebn kj{gzkzbneb

ajbneb tq{jt fj{he tebneq kj{felqeb ajbneb fjhjbzgeb aeiem kjfj{he" Sjfj{he

|ebn qjieg kjfj{he aleqet : qegzb kleteb|e mjmlilfl qlbnfeq fjhjbzgeb |ebn ijklg

qlbnnl ae{lseae sjfj{he |ebn ke{z kjfj{he" Tjglbnne ajbneb eaeb|e qlbnfeq

fjhjbzgeb qj{tjkzq aeseq mjb|jkekfeb tq{jt aeiem kjfj{he"

A" Sjbajfeqeb aeiem Mjmsjiehe{l Tq{jt Fj{heMjbz{zq Tz~obao '5


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Sjbajfeqeb lbl mjilgeq soie {jtsob tjtjo{ebn eflkeq eaeb|e qzbqzqeb `ltlf mezszb

jmotlobei) kelf ae{l ilbnfzbneb 'jftqj{bei, mezszb aeiem al{l 'lbqj{bei," Soie {jtsob

oqomeqlt |ebn alebnnes bob tsjtl`lf lbl alilgeq tjkenel tj{ebnfeleb {jeftl `ltloionlf |ebn

altjkzq tjkenel Tlba{ome Eaesqetl Zmzm) |ebn qj{al{l ae{l qlne qeges |elqz 8 qeges {jeftl

eiem) qeges sj{ie~ebeb) aeb qeges fjijqlgeb" Qj{ilgeq keg~e qlqlf kj{eq fehleb ae{l

sjbajfeqeb lbl eaeieg {jtsob aeb efql`lqet `ltloionlf seae lbalplaz fjqlfe mjbneieml tq{jt"

4" Sjbajfeqeb StlfoionlfSjbhjieteb ae{l fjaze sjbajfeqeb al eqet eaeieg sjbhjieteb |ebn kj{tl`eq zmzm aeb

fz{ebn aeseq mjbj{ebnfeb sj{kjaeeb lbalplazei tj~efqz mjbneieml tq{jt" Tzeqz fjhealeb

aeseq mj|jkekfeb tq{jt seae tjtjo{ebn qjqesl fjhealeb |ebn teme qlaef mjblmkzifeb

tq{jt seae o{ebn ielb" Sjbajfeqeb lbl mjbdoke mjbneqetl fjfz{ebneb ae{l fjaze

sjbajfeqeb al eqet" Kenelmebe tjtjo{ebn mjmsj{tjstlfeb tzeqz sj{ltql~e eqez tzeqz

fobaltl kj{sj{eb aeiem mjbjbqzfeb tq{jt" Sjbajfeqeb lbl alfjbei tjkenel Ess{eltei

Moaji" Seae sjbajfeqeb de{e lbl) mj{zmztfeb tq{jt tjkenel tzeqz fjeaeeb stlfoionlf

|ebn mj{zsefeb {js{jtjbqetl ae{l q{ebteftl fget aeb s{okijmeqlf ebqe{e tjtjo{ebn aeb

ilbnfzbnebb|e" Heal tq{jt mj{zsefeb tzeqz fjeaeeb |ebn qlmkzi klie tjtjo{ebn

kj{lbqj{eftl aeb kj{q{ebteftl ajbneb tlqzetl |ebn algeaeslb|e ajbneb de{e qj{qjbqz" Klie

tjtjo{ebn mjbliel eae sj{kjaeeb ebqe{e qzbqzqeb ajbneb fjmemszebb|e zbqzf

mjmjbzgl qzbqzqebb|e lqz) eqez ajbneb feqe ielb klie le mjmsj{qeb|efeb esefeg le efeb

memsz mjbneqetl eqez kj{eaesqetl) mefe efeb qlmkzi tq{jt |ebn fjmzaleb allfzql {jeftl

tq{jt"

1" Sjbajfeqeb Jslajmlionl


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Mjieizl sjbajfeqeb lbl alilgeq ae{l kj{kenel etsjf |elqz 'enjb) sjhemz aeb ilbnfzbneb,"

Enjb sjb|eflq qj{metzf èfqo{ sjb|jkek tjsj{ql jijmjb bzq{ltl) kegeb flmle) {ealetl lob)

kltlbn aeb tjkenelb|e" Sjhemz eaeieg fe{|e~eb |ebn mjbaj{lqe sjb|eflq" @efqo{ |ebn

kj{sj{eb ebqe{e ielb zmz{) hjblt fjiemlb) {et) tzfz aeb tjkenelb|e" @efqo{ ilbnfzbneb

ebqe{e ielb ilbnfzbneb almebe sjb|eflq qj{tjkzq qj{heal) tjsj{ql ilbnfzbneb `ltlf) kloionl

aeb totlei" Fobtjs lbl altjkzq Jslajmloionld Q{lea"

:" Sjbajfeqeb Klo St|dgototleiSjbajfeqeb lbl eaeieg mziql altlsilbj{ qj{zqeme mjbnemeql lbqj{eftl |ebn albemlt

ebqe{e lbalplaz ajbneb ilbnfzbneb" Eaeszb |ebn mjbheal òfzt sjbnemeqeb eaeieg

meteieg totlei) stlfoionl aeb klomjalf" Gei |ebn seilbn sjbqlbn aeiem sjbajfeqeb lbl

eaeieg qlmkzib|e {jtsob go{mobei |elqz go{mob ea{jbeilb) feqjfoiemlb aeb fo{qltoi

eflkeq tqlmzizt ae{l ize{) almebe fjnzbeeb go{mobei qj{tjkzq eaeieg zbqzf `lngq o{

ìlngq" Mebl`jtqetl filblf sjbajfeqeb lbl klte alemeql seae sj{zkegeb `ltlf) sj{liefz aeb

jmotl"

J" Qegeseb Tq{jtNjheie-njheie tq{jt seae al{l tjtjo{ebn tj{lbnfeil qlaef alteae{l fe{jbe

sj{heiebeb e~ei qegeseb tq{jt qlmkzi tjde{e iemkeq" Ke{z al{etefeb kliemebe qegeseb

njheie tzaeg iebhzq aeb mjbnnebnnz `zbntl fjglazsebb|e tjge{l-ge{l kelf al {zmeg)

qjmseq fj{he eqezszb al sj{nezieb ilbnfzbneb totleib|e" Mjbz{zq getli sjbjilqleb A{"

[okj{q H" Peb Emkj{n '5


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5" Tq{jt qeges LQegeseb lbl mj{zsefeb qegeseb tq{jt |ebn seilbn {lbneb) aeb kleteb|e altj{qel ajbneb

sj{eteeb-sj{eteeb tjkenel kj{lfzq 8

e" Tjmebneq kjfj{he kjte{) kj{ijklgeb 'opj{ edqlbn,k" Sjbnilgeqeb qehem qlaef tjkenelmebe kleteb|ed" Mj{ete memsz mjb|jijtelfeb sjfj{heeb ijklg ae{l kleteb|e6 bemzb qebse alteae{l

deaebneb jbj{nl algekltfeb 'eii ozq, altj{qel {ete nznzs |ebn kj{ijklgeb

a" Mj{ete tjbebn ajbneb sjfj{heebb|e lqz aeb tjmeflb kj{qemkeg tjmebneq) bemzbqebse alteae{l deaebneb jbj{nl tjmeflb mjblslt"

;" Tq{jt qeges LLAeiem qegeseb lbl aemsef tq{jt |ebn tjmzie mjb|jbebnfeb mziel mjbngliebn) aeb

qlmkzi fjizgeb-fjizgeb |ebn altjkekfeb fe{jbe deaebneb jbj{nl qlaef ienl dzfzs

tjsebhebn ge{l fe{jbe qlaef dzfzs ~efqz zbqzf kj{ltql{egeq" Fjizgeb-fjizgeb |ebn tj{lbn

alfjmzfefeb oijg tjtjo{ebn |ebn kj{eae seae tq{jt qeges LL eaeieg tjkenel kj{lfzq8

e" Mj{ete ijqlg tj~efqz kebnzb senl) |ebn tjge{ztb|e mj{ete tjne{k" Mj{ete mzaeg ijieg tjtzaeg mefeb tlebnd" Tj{lbn mjbnjizg iemkzbn eqez sj{zq qlaef b|emeba" Ajqefeb hebqzbn ijklg fj{et ae{l kleteb|e 'kj{ajke{-ajke{,j" Oqoq-oqoq szbnnzbn aeb qjbnfzf qj{ete qjnebn`" Qlaef klte tebqel

4" Tq{jt qeges LLLTq{jt qeges LLL efeb mjbzbhzfffeb fjizgeb-fjizgeb |elqz 8


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e" Nebnnzeb iemkzbn aeb ztzt tjmeflb b|eqe 6 mlteib|e fjizgeb meen 'netq{lqlt,)kzebn el{ kjte{ qlaef qj{eqz{ 'ale{j,

k" Fjqjnebneb oqoq-oqoq tjmeflb qj{eted" Sj{eteeb fjqlaef-qjbebneb aeb fjqjnebneb jmotlobei tjmeflb mjblbnfeqa" Nebnnzeb soie qlaz{ 'lbtomble,) mlteib|e tzfe{ zbqzf mziel metzf qlaz{ 'je{i|

lbtomble,) eqez qj{kebnzb qjbneg meiem aeb tzfe{ fjmkeil qlaz{ 'mlaaij lbtomble,)

eqez kebnzb qj{ieiz senl/albl ge{l aeb qlaef aeseq fjmkeil qlaz{ 'ieqj lbtomble,

j" Foo{albetl qzkzg qj{nebnnz 'keaeb tj{ete mez slbnteb,1" Tq{jt qeges LP

Njheie tq{jt qeges LP) |elqz8

e" Efqlplqet sjfj{heeb |ebn tjmzie mjb|jbebnfeb aeb mzaeg altjijtelfeb mjbhealmjmkotebfeb aeb qj{ete ijklg tzilq

k" \ebn tjmzie qebnnes qj{geaes tlqzetl mjbheal fjgliebneb fjmemszeb zbqzfmj{jtsob tjde{e mjmeael 'eajuzeqj,

d" Fjqlaefmemszeb zbqzf mjieftebefeb fjnleqeb {zqlb tjge{l-ge{la" Nebnnzeb soie qlaz{ altj{qel ajbneb mlmsl-mlmsl |ebn mjbjnebnfebj" Tj{lbnfeil mjboief ehefeb 'bjneqlpltm, fe{jbe qleae tjmebneq aeb fjnel{egeb`" Ae|e fobtjbq{etl aeb ae|e lbneq mjbz{zbn" Qlmkzi sj{eteeb fjqefzqeb aeb fjdjmeteb |ebn qlaef aeseq alhjietfeb ese

sjb|jkekb|e

:" Tq{jt qeges PTq{jt qeges P alqebael ajbneb gei-gei kj{lfzq 8


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e" Fjijiegeb `ltlf aeb mjbqei |ebn tjmeflb mjbaeiem 'sg|tldei eba st|dgoionldeijwgeztqlob,

k" Fjqlaefmemszeb zbqzf mjb|jijtelfeb sjfj{heeb tjge{l-ge{l |ebn {lbneb aebtjaj{gebe

d" Nebnnzeb tltqjm sjbdj{beeb tjmeflb kj{eq 'netq{o-lbqjtqlbei alto{aj{,a" Qlmkzi sj{eteeb fjqefzqeb aeb fjdjmeteb |ebn tjmeflb mjblbnfeq) mzaeg klbnzbn

aeb seblf

0" Tq{jt qeges PLQegeseb lbl mj{zsefeb qegeseb filmeft) tjtjo{ebn mjbneieml tj{ebneb seblf 'sebld

eqqedf, aeb sj{eteeb qefzq meql" Nemke{eb tq{jt qeges PL lbl eaeieg tjkenel kj{lfzq 8

e" Ajke{eb hebqzbn qj{emeq fj{etk" Tzteg kj{be`et 'tjtef,d" Tjfzhz{ keaeb qj{ete njmjqe{) albnlb aeb fj{lbneq kj{dzdz{eba" Fjqleaeeb qjbene zbqzf gei-gei |ebn {lbnebj" Slbnteb eqez foiest 'doiiestj,

@" Sjbne{zg Tq{jt Fj{he qj{geaes Jmotl) Sj{liefz aeb FjtjgeqebMjbz{zq Gjj{aheb '5


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e" Nebnnzeb sjb|jtzeleb ajbneb j`jf ajs{jtl eqez j`jf djmetk" Nebnnzeb sjb|jtzeleb ajbneb demsz{eb dl{l-dl{l jmotld" Nebnnzeb sjb|jtzeleb ajbneb gemkeqeb sjfj{heeba" Nebnnzeb sjb|jtzeleb ajbneb gemkeqeb qlbnfeg iefz eqez demsz{eb nebnnzeb jmotl

aeb qlbnfeg iefz

;" Mei`zbntl `ltloionl kj{felqeb ajbneb èfqo{ stlfoionlt aeb fobaltl `ltlf |ebn kj{felqebajbneb èfqo{ stlfoionlt / nebnnzeb stlfotomeqlf / nebnnzeb stlfo`ltloionlt tjsj{ql 8

e" Nebnnzeb netq{lqlt) zidzt pjbq{ldziilaeb azoajbl) etme) aeb aj{meqlqltk" Nebnnzeb tltqjm teiz{eb fjmlg) aeb tltqjm jbaof{lb

4" Nebnnzeb tomeqoò{m) |elqz fjizgeb `ltlf qebse alqjmzfeb nebnnzeb o{neb eqez `ltloionl|ebn mjbaete{lb|e) efeb qjqesl altj{qel kzfql sotlql` fjizgeb `ltlf lqz kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb

fobìlf stlfoionlt

Nebnnzeb tjsj{ql |ebn qjieg alfjmzfefeb qlaef tjieiz mjblmse lbalplaz |ebn

qj{sese{ tq{jto{) fe{jbe {jeftl lbalplaz qj{geaes tq{jto{ alqjbqzfeb oijg s{jaltsotltl

lbalplaz) ebqe{e ielb8

5" Fobtqlqztl / sjmke~eeb/ fjs{lkealebO{ebn tjbtlql` aeb {eszg qlaef teme sjbnge|eqebb|e ajbneb o{ebn |ebn fz{ebn sj{ete

|elqz ijklg kj{tlfes edzg qef edzg) fe{jbe tjqles o{ebn mjmlilfl ae|e qegeb aeb emkebn

`{ztqetl |ebn kj{kjae"


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;" @efqo{ stlfoionltSjbalalfeb) fjmeqebneb fobtqlqztl / sjmke~eeb / fjs{lkealeb hl~e) aeb fjtebnnzseb

mjb|jtzelfeb al{l tjqles o{ebn kj{kjae teqz teme ielb"

4" @efqo{ totlei kzae|eSjbne{zg bliel aeb eneme tjkenel getli sjbalalfeb mjblmkzifeb de{e kj{jeftl |ebn

kj{kjae-kjae seae tjqles o{ebn"

Tjaebnfeb sjbne{zg tq{jt qj{geaes sj{liefz aeb fjtjgeqeb mjbz{zq Dow

'50, |ebn alfzqls oijg Szq{l '5


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:" J`jf o{nebltetlobeiEktjbqjltmj) gzkzbneb lbqj{sj{tobei |ebn kz{zf) sjbz{zbeb s{oazfql`lqet fj{he) qlbnnlb|e

ebnfe fjdjiefeeb aeb fjqj{iemkeqeb fj{he) fjqlaefszeteb fj{he) ebqenobltmj sjfj{heeb

aeb lfilm sj{ztegeeb |ebn kz{zf

N" Lbalfeqo{ eqez [jeftl Qzkzg qj{geaes Tq{jtKeb|ef sjbjilqleb |ebn qjieg aliefzfeb qjbqebn tq{jt fj{he) qjqesl kenelmebe

mjfebltmj seqoionltb|e kjizm alfjqegzl ajbneb hjiet" Hzne qe{njq o{neb |ebn

kj{sjbne{zg hzne kj{tl`eq bob-tsjtl`lf) e{qlb|e ajbneb tq{jto{ |ebn teme) qe{njq o{neb

|ebn kj{sjbne{zg kj{kjae seae lbalplaz teqz ajbneb |ebn ielbb|e" Mjbz{zq Kjii jq ei

'5


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Sj{zkegeb sj{liefz |ebn mj{zsefeb tzeqz kjbqzf {eftl qzkzg qj{geaes tq{jt"

\ebn tj{lbn qj{heal eaeieg fjkleteeb mj{ofof) mlbzm fosl aeb eifogoi mjbheal

tjmeflb mjblbnfeq) qj{zqeme seae sjfj{he ajbneb qlbnfeq tq{jt qlbnnl eqez

mjbajfeql ajea-ilbj" Njheie ielb |ebn qlmkzi eaeieg mjbe{lf al{l ae{l ilbnfzbneb)

sj{zkegeb tjij{e mefeb) djseq izse) tzfe{ fobtjbq{etl) soie qlaz{ mezszb tjftzei

kj{zkeg) mziel mlbzm okeq sjbjbebn) kj{qlbaef en{jtl`) djbaj{zbn ebql totlei aeb

feaebn-feaebn qj{ieiz kj{ebl mjbnemkli {jtlfo" Njheie |ebn ijklg {lbneb bemzb

mjbnnebnnz fjb|emeb glazs eaeieg meiet kjfj{he) sjblbnfeqeb ektjbtl) moqlpetl

|ebn mjbz{zb |ebn altjkzq ijtz fj{he 'kz{b ozq,"

4" [jeftl @ltloionlfKlie qzkzg mjbneieml tq{jt mefe efeb qj{heal sj{zkegeb `ltloionlf al aeiem

qzkzg tjkenel he~ekeb efeb tq{jt" Eaeszb tltqjm al aeiem qzkzg |ebn mjbneaefeb

{jtsob qj{tjkzq alsj{ebqe{el oijg te{e` oqobom) g|soqgeiemld-slqzlqe{| ewlt aeb

sjbnjize{eb feqjfoiemlb |ebn efeb mjmsjbne{zgl `zbntl o{neb qzkzg 'Mzbebae{)

;335," Nebnnzeb seae tltqjm aeiem qzkzg mjilszql 8

e" Tltqjm fe{alopetfzij{Mjtflszb gzkzbneb fezteql` tzilq alkzfqlfeb) qjieg keb|ef sjbjilqleb |ebn

mjbngzkzbnfeb tq{jt al qjmseq fj{he tjkenel sjb|jkek sjb|eflq hebqzbn

fo{obj{" Mjblbnfeqb|e foiemlb |ebn mj{zsefeb xeq petoefql` efeb

mjb|jkekfeb hebqzbn kj{ajke{-ajke{) qlaef qj{eqz{ aeb qjfebeb ae{eg

mjblbnfeq" Feqjfoiemlb hzne mjmszb|el j`jf qj{geaes mjqekoiltmj

fe{koglae{eq aeb ijmef ae{eg mjblbnfeq |ebn seae efgl{b|e tjmzeb|e

mjmsj{kjte{ {jtlfo qj{healb|e sjb|eflq hebqzbn fo{obj{ 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"


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k" Tltqjm netq{olbqjtqlbeiSjb|eflq teiz{eb dj{be qj{zqeme qzfef iemkzbn) qjieg ieme alfelqfeb

ajbneb tq{jt aeb sj{zkegeb jmotl" Gzkzbneb ebqe{e tq{jt aeb sjb|eflq

netq{olbqjtqlbei aeseq alqj{ebnfeb ajbneb mjblbnfeqb|e tjf{jtl etem iemkzbn

tjkenel efql`lqet tltqjm te{e` oqobom aeb mjblbnfeqb|e feqjfoiemlb 'Mzbebae{)

;335,"

d" Nebnnzeb sjb|eflq ielbb|eSj{zkegeb `ltloionlt |ebn qj{heal al aeiem qzkzg fe{jbe tq{jt

mjmzbnflbfeb qlmkzib|e aeb mjmsj{kj{eq sjb|eflq ielbb|e) mlteib|e b|j{l

szbnnzbn) teflq fjseie) fjqjnebneb oqoq 'ijgj{) kegz aeb szbnnzbn,) fefl aeb

qebneb tj{lbn kj{fj{lbneq) sjblbnfeqeb qjfebeb ae{eg) hebqzbn kj{ajke{-ajke{)

etme) mln{elb) meen) okjtlqet) nebnnzeb mjbtq{zetl) eij{nl) alieqetl szsli aeb

sjb|eflq fzilq 'Gjj{aheb) 5


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4" Mjmkj{lfeb fjtjmseqeb fjseae fe{|e~eb zbqzf mjmlfl{feb aeb mjbjbqzfeb de{eaeb sj{eieqeb fj{heb|e) mjmszb|el ~j~jbebn zbqzf mjbngjbqlfeb sjfj{heeb klie

kj{kege|e) mjmlbqe qjbene egil zbqzf mjbliel sj{liefz fj{he eqet kle|e sj{ztegeeb

1" Mjmkj{l fjtjmseqeb zbqzf mj{ebdebn o{nebltetl fj{he) qjfboionl fj{he) tltqjm{jmzbj{etl 'lbtjbql`, aeb mjmkj{l fjtjmseqeb fjseae fe{|e~eb zbqzf

mjbnjmkebnfeb fjqj{emsliebb|e"

:" Ajtelb fj{he |ebn mjmzbnflbfeb kj{iebntzbnb|e lbqj{eftl totlei ajbneb kelf)mjmkj{l fjtjmseqeb fjseae sjfj{he zbqzf mjbjbqzfeb pe{letl qjmseq fj{he) tjsj{ql

ajfo{etl {zebn fj{he) eaeb|e mztlf aeb ielb-ielb zbqzf mjbnglbae{l fjhjbzgeb

0" Sjbalalfeb aeb sjieqlgeb kenl sjfj{he>" Tltqjm sjbnnehleb qjqes aeb qlaef mjbnnzbefeb tltqjm zseg ge{leb

L" Zse|e sjbebnnziebneb tq{jt fj{heEae aze sjbajfeqeb |ebn aeseq aliefzfeb aeiem zse|e mjbneqetl tq{jt fj{he

'BLOTG) 5


80/197

kj{gzkzbneb iebntzbn ajbneb sjfj{heeb) mezszb sj{toeieb ielb |ebn qlaef

kj{gzkzbneb iebntzbn ajbneb sjfj{heeb) qj{metzf meteieg fjize{ne"

;"

O{neblqeqlobei Dgebnj

Aeiem sjbajfeqeb lbl) sj{ztegeeb mjbnnzbefeb fobtziqeb zbqzf mjmkebqz

mjbnz{ebnl sj{toeieb tq{jt fj{he |ebn eae al sj{ztegeeb mjieizl {jfomjbaetl-

{jfomjbaetl |ebn alkj{lfeb" Seae zmzmb|e fobtziqeb efeb mjmkj{lfeb

{jfomjbaetl qjbqebn gei-gei ese tehe |ebn tjge{ztb|e aliefzfeb oijg mebehjmjb

sj{ztegeb zbqzf mjmsj{kelfl fobaltl fj{he" Sjbajfeqeb fjnleqeb lbl aeseq mjilszql

lajbql`lfetl etsjf |ebn mjblmkzifeb tq{jt seae sjfj{heeb aeb mjbajtelb tq{eqjnl

zbqzf mj{jazftl eqez mjbnjilmlbetl tq{jto{"

Zse|e sjbajfeqeb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg sj{ztegeeb tjkelfb|e eaeieg nekzbneb

ae{l fjaze sjbajfeqeb al eqet" Ajbneb geb|e mjbj{esfeb teieg teqz sjbajfeqeb tehe)

tebneq tzilq kenl sj{ztegeb zbqzf mj{jazftl tq{jt fj{he) mjbnlbneq fjaze sjbajfeqeb

qj{tjkzq mj{zsefeb sjbajfeqeb |ebn teilbn qj{felq aeb qj{lbqjn{etl"

H" Sjbnzfz{eb Tq{jt Fj{heQjfblf sjbnzfz{eb tq{jt |ebn klete alnzbefeb aeiem tqzal Emj{lfe Tj{lfeq

mjbz{zq Fe{oij| '5


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De{e lbl mjbnnzbefeb fzjtlobj{ zbqzf mjbnzfz{ tq{jt |elqz ajbneb mjb|eqefeb

lbqjbtlqet sjbneiemeb stlfoionlt) `ltloionlt aeb sj{zkegeb `ltlf |ebn aleieml aeiem

sj{ltql~e fjglazseb tjtjo{ebn" De{e lbl hzne alfjbei tjkenel Il`j Jpjbq Tdeij|ebn kj{ltl

kjkj{ese sj{qeb|eeb tjkenel lbalfeqo{ aeiem mjbjbqzfeb tq{jt fj{he" Qjfblf lbl mjbnzfz{

tq{jt ajbneb mjilgeq eqez mjbnoktj{petl sj{zkegeb-sj{zkegeb sj{liefz |ebn alqemslifeb

tjtjo{ebn) tjsj{ql fz{ebnb|e fobtjbq{etl" Kj{lfzq lbl kjkj{ese sj{qeb|eeb |ebn alnzbefeb

tjkenel lbalfeqo{ aeiem mjbjbqzfeb tq{jt fj{he kj{aete{feb mjqoaj Il`j Jpjbq Tdeij)

|ebn aeseq alilgeq seae iemsl{eb 4"

Kj{aete{feb sj{qeb|eeb seae ae`qe{ sj{qeb|eeb mjqoaj Il`j Jpjbq Tdeij tjqles

sj{qeb|eeb kj{bliel 3-;" Zbqzf mjiefzfeb sjblieleb lbalfeqo{ tq{jt fj{he) aeseq aliefzfeb

sjblieleb tjbal{l 'tji` ettjtmjbq," Tltqjm sjblieleb |ebn alnzbefeb tjkenel lbalfeqo{ zbqzf

metlbn-metlbn fjiomsof eaeieg bliel 5-;: qj{metzf feqjno{l tq{jt {lbneb) zbqzf bliel 2 ;:

qj{metzf feqjno{l tq{jt kj{eq" Sj{qeb|eeb |ebn alnzbefeb qlaef kj{tl`eq mzqief) e{qlb|e

sj{qeb|eeb aeseq alslilg tjtzel ajbneb fjkzqzgeb aeb fobaltl teeq lqz" Tjglbnne sjblieleb

aeb sjbnjiomsofebb|e hzne aeseq altjtzelfeb 'Fe{oij|)5


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Seae sjbnzfz{eb lbl kj{ztege zbqzf mjilgeq sj{zkegeb `ltlf eflkeq tq{jt) tjsj{ql

fjqjnebneb seae oqoq kegz) ijgj{ aeb szbaef" De{e lbl tj{lbn alebnnes seilbn qlbnnl

{jeklilqetb|e) bemzb tebneq qj{nebqzbn tl sjbnzfz{ aeb seae eieq |ebn alnzbefeb"

1" Klodgjmldei Mjetz{jQjfblf lbl mjilgeq tq{jt mjieizl {jtsob kloflmle lbalplaz kj{zse sj{zkegeb feae{

go{mob feqjfoiemlb aeb fo{qlfotqj{ola tjqjieg sjmkj{leb tqlmzizt" [jeklilqet ae{l de{e lbl

qj{noiobn qlbnnl bemzb getli sjbnzfz{ebb|e aeseq kj{zkeg klie tzkhjf sjbjilqlebb|e

eaeieg sj{ofof) sjmlbzm eifogoi aeb fosl" Gei lbl fe{jbe {ofof) fosl aeb eifogoi aeseq

mjblbnfeqfeb feae{ fjaze go{mob qj{tjkzq aeiem qzkzg"

Ae{l fjjmseq de{e qj{tjkzq) |ebn seilbn tj{lbn alnzbefeb aeiem sjbjilqleb

tq{jt eaeieg il`j jpjbq tdeij) fe{jbe seilbn mzaeg aleqz{ aeb mjmkzqzgfeb kle|e |ebn

{jieql` ijklg mz{eg ~eiezszb tj{lbn qj{aeseq fjqj{keqeteb qj{qjbqz"

F" Fj{ebnfe Qjo{lAjbneb mjbnedz fjseae qjo{l |ebn alfjmzfefeb oijg Gz{{jii) aff '5


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sjbnjmkebneb f{jeql`lqet) sjbalalfeb aeb sjieqlgeb aeb nehl" Gzkzbneb lbqj{sj{tobei

aeiem sjfj{heeb mj{zsefeb gzkzbneb ebqe{e eqeteb) ke~egeb tj{qe {jfeb tjfj{he"

Tq{zfqz{ aeb lfilm o{nebltetl mj{zsefeb sj{eqz{eb sj{ztegeeb"

Qjo{l al eqet fjmzaleb almoal`lfetl oijg Doosj{ '5


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Nemke{ ;";

Fj{ebnfe Qjo{l @efqo{-@efqo{ |ebn Mjmsjbne{zgl Tq{jt Fj{he

Ilbnfzbneb al aeiem Sjfj{heeb

@efqo{ Lbq{lbtlf

5" Kjkeb fj{he;" Hem fj{he4" [zqlblqet1" Ilbnfzbneb `ltlf

'fjkltlbneb,

@efqo{ Jftq{lbtlf

5" Sj{ebeb aeiem o{nebltetl;" Sjbnjmkebneb fe{l{

'S{omotl aeb nehl

4" Gzkzbneb Lbqj{sj{tobei1" Tq{zfqz{ aeb lfilm

O{nebltetl

Tzmkj{ 8 Gz{{jii)aff '5


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eKEK LLL

FJ[EBNFE FOBTJS AEB AJ@LBLTL OSJ[ETLOBEI

E" Fj{ebnfe FobtjsAjbneb mjbnedz fjseae qjo{l |ebn alfjmzfefeb oijg Gz{{jii) aff '5


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alzkeg) tjielb lqz `efqo{ fjize{ne aeb met|e{efeq mjmszb|el {zebn ilbnfzs |ebn izet

tjglbnne sjbjilqleb aliefzfeb geb|e tjkeqet seae ilbnfzbneb al aeiem sjfj{heeb"

Fj{ebnfe fobtjs sjbjilqleb lbl aeseq alilgeq seae nemke{ 4"5"

Nemke{ 4"5Fj{ebnfe Fobtjs @efqo{-@efqo{ |ebn Mjmsjbne{zgl Tq{jt Fj{he

Ilbnfzbneb al aeiem Sjfj{heeb

@efqo{ Lbq{lbtlf

:" Kjkeb fj{he0" Hem fj{he>" [zqlblqet7" Ilbnfzbneb `ltlf

'fjkltlbneb,

@efqo{ Jftq{lbtlf

:" Sj{ebeb aeiem o{nebltetl0" Sj{fjmkebneb fe{l{

'S{omotl aeb nehl

>" Gzkzbneb Lbqj{sj{tobei7" Tq{zfqz{ aeb lfilm

O{nebltetl

Fjqj{ebneb 8

8 Qlaef alqjilql

K" Aj`lbltl Osj{etlobei

Tq{jt Fj{he

@efqo{ Lbalplaz

4" Zmz{1" Mete fj{he

Ilbnfzbneb al ize{ Sjfj{heeb

4" Fjize{ne1" Met|e{efeq


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5" Pe{lekji AjsjbajbQekji 4"5 Aj`lbltl Osj{etlobeiPe{lekji Ajsjbajb

Pe{lekji Aj`lbltl Osj{etlobei De{e Zfz{ Eieq Zfz{ Getli Zfz{ Tfeie

Tq{jt fj{he Tq{jt |ebn aleieml

oijg {jtsobajb

tjgzkzbneb ajbneb

sjfj{heebb|e |ebn

alzfz{ kj{aete{feb

lbalfeqo{ tq{jt

^e~ebde{e Fzjtlobj{ 3" Tfeie kj{eq '2;: ,5" Tfeie {lbneb

'5-;:,

'Fe{oij|) 5


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eb `ltlf'fjkltlbneb,

{jtsobajb al qjmseqfj{he aeb al{etefebmjbnnebnnz

bliel mjaleb,5" Qlaef

Mjbnnebnnz'qoqei tfo{ 9

bliel mjaleb,@efqo{ Jftq{lbtlf Sjfj{heeb

:Sj{ebebebaeiemo{nebltetl

Fjlfzqtj{qeeb{jtsobajb aeiemsjnemkliebfjszqzteb |ebnkj{gzkzbneb ajbnebal{lb|e al sj{ztegeeb

ê~ebde{e Fzjtlobj{ 3" Qlaef Kj{sj{eb'qoqei tfo{ bliel mjaleb,

5" Kj{sj{eb 'qoqeitfo{ 9 blielmjaleb,

O{albei

0Sj{fjmkebneb fe{l{

sjblbnfeqeb-sjblbnfeqeb s{lkeal|ebn aliefzfebtjtjo{ebn zbqzfmjbdesel tzeqz{ebnfeleb sjfj{heeb|ebn alsjnebntjieme fjglazsebfj{he ) tjsj{ql 8fjbelfeb hekeqeb)fjtjmseqebmjbnjmkebnfebf{jeql`lqet)mjbaeseqfeb

sjbalalfeb aebsjieqlgeb tj{qefjtjtzeleb/fjszetebgobo{"

ê~ebde{e Fzjtlobj{ 3" QlaefMjmzetfeb'qoqei tfo{ bliel mjaleb,

5" Mjmzetfeb'qoqei tfo{ 9bliel mjaleb,

O{albei

> Gzkzbneblbqj{sj{tobei

Gzkzbneb ebqe{eeqeteb) ke~egebmezszb {jfebtjfj{he

ê~ebde{e Fzjtlobj{ 3" Kz{zf 'qoqeitfo{ blielmjaleb,

5" Kelf 'qoqei tfo{9 bliel mjaleb,

O{albei

7 Tq{zfqz{aeb lfilmo{nebltetl

Sj{eqz{eb sj{ztegeeb|ebn tjieme lblal{etefeb tjde{etzkhjfql`mjbnnebnnz sjfj{hetjsj{ql 8 sj{eqz{eb|ebn qj{ieiz fefz)

ê~ebde{e Fzjtlobj{ 3"QlaefMjbazfzbn'qoqei tfo{ blielmjaleb,

5"Mjbazfzbn'qoqei tfo{ 9 blielmjaleb,

O{albei


89/197


90/197

eKEK LP

MJQOAJ SJBJILQLEB

E" Ajtelb SjbjilqlebAjtelb sjbjilqleb |ebn alnzbefeb kj{tlèq ebeilqlf |ebn kj{qzhzeb zbqzf

mjilgeq gzkzbneb ebqe{e aze pe{lekji |elqz pe{lekji lbajsjbajb aeb pe{lekji ajsjbajb"

Ajbneb mjbnnzbefeb ajtelb tqzal d{ott-tjdqlobei |elqz mjbde{l èfqo{-èfqo{ |ebn

kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb pe{lekji ajsjbajb 'lbò{metl eqez nemke{eb ebeiltlt mjbnjbel

tlqzetl |ebn eae, aeiem ~efqz |ebn kj{temeeb"

K" Iofetl aeb êfqz SjbjilqlebSjbjilqleb lbl kj{qjmseq al SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf |ebn kj{iofetl al

Heieb [e|e Dlilbdlbn Bo"5 Qebhzbn S{lof" Sjbjilqleb alieftebefeb seae kzieb

Tjsqjmkj{ temsel ajbneb kzieb Ofqokj{ ;33


91/197

Ajse{qjmjb-ajse{qjmjb lbl alslilg fe{jbe fjnleqeb sjfj{heebb|e kj{gzkzbneb

ajbneb s{oazftl al sj{ztegeeb" Hzmieg temsji alsj{oijg kj{aete{feb getli

sj{glqzbneb ajbneb mjbnnzbefeb {zmzt hzmieg temsji zhl glsoqjtlt aze

s{oso{tl 'E{le~eb)5


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S5 8 S{oso{tl |ebn mjbneieml tq{jtt fj{he qlbnnl eflkeq ae{l kjkeb

fj{he |ebn qlbnnl 'S5, eaeieg 3)7>;* 'Eaet) ;330,

S; 8 S{oso{tl |ebn mjbneieml tq{jtt fj{he qlbnnl bemzb kjkeb

fj{heb|e {lbneb 'S;, eaeieg 3):44* 'Eaet) ;330,

Kj{aete{feb {zmzt aleqet mefe kjte{ temsij |ebn alkzqzgfeb tjkjte{ 8

V5"3; '5-3)>3;, 5)01 3)7>; '5-3)7>;, 3):44 '5-3):44, ];b =

'3"7>;3":44, ;

Kj{aete{feb sj{glqzbneb mjbnnzbefeb {zmzt zhl glsoqjtlt aze s{oso{tl al

eqet) alsj{oijg kjte{ temsji tjkjte{ 1< temsji" Fjmzaleb temsji qj{tjkzq alfeil

aze tjglbnne temsji |ebn alkzqzgfeb eaeieg


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Sj{qeb|eeb-sj{qeb|eeb tjqles pe{lekji aeiem fzjtlobj{ |ebn qjieg alltl

aliefzfeb zhl peilalqet aeb zhl {jeklilqet" Tjde{e tqeqltqlf) ebnfe fo{jietl |ebn

alsj{oijg alkebalbnfeb ajbneb ebnfe f{lqlf qekji fo{jietl bliel {) ajbneb de{e

mjilgeq ke{lt B;" Hzmieg {jtsobajb |ebn alsefel zbqzf zhl fzjtlobj{ lbl eaeieg

;: {jtsobajb) mefe heiz{ |ebn alilgeq eaeieg ke{lt ;:-; =;4" Zbqzf qe{e`

tlnbl`lfebtl :*) mefe ebnfe f{lqlf eaeieg 3)4


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lbalfeqo{-lbalfeqo{ qj{tjkzq bebqlb|e alnzbefeb zbqzf mjbliel qlbnfeqeb tq{jt

seae sjfj{he al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf"

4"

Tfo{lbn

e" Sjblieleb Kjkeb Fj{hePe{lekji |ebn qj{aeseq aeiem sjbjilqleb lbl) kelf pe{lekji ajsjbajb

mezszb pe{lekji lbajsjbajb aliefzfeb sjbnzfz{eb mezszb sjblieleb" Zbqzf

pe{lekji lbajsjbajb) pe{lekji |ebn albliel eaeieg kjkeb fj{he ajbneb

mjbnnzbefeb qekji sjblieleb sjfj{heeb |elqz zbqzf mjbnjqegzl jtqlmetl

sebet mjqekoilf ene{ aeseq mjbliel kj{eq {lbnebb|e kjkeb fj{he"

k" Sjblieleb Tq{jt Fj{hePe{lekji ajsjbajb 'tq{jt fj{he, alzfz{ ajbneb lbalfeqo{ |ebn qjieg

alqjqesfeb tjtzel ajbneb mjqoaj tji` {jso{q mjetz{jmjbq|ebn aeseq zbqzf

mjbnzfz{ qlbnfeq tq{jt" Mjqoaj tji` {jso{q mjetz{jmjbq mjbnnzbefeb

tjhzmieg sj{qeb|eeb |ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb eaeb|e sj{zkegeb `ltloionlt)

stlfoionl aeb sj{liefz |ebn aeseq alhe~ek ajbneb qlaef sj{beg alkj{l tfo{ 3)

feaebn-feaebn alkj{l tfo{ 5 aeb tj{lbn alkj{l tfo{ ;" Almebe sj{zkegeb

`ltloionlt) stlfoionl aeb sj{liefz |ebn alnzbefeb kj{aete{feb sjbajfeqeb

|ebn aliefzfeb oijg Fe{oij| '5


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J" Sjbnzmszieb AeqeHjblt aeb tzmkj{ aeqe |ebn alnzbefeb eaeieg aeqe s{lmj{ aeb aeqe tjfzbaj{

|ebn alz{elfeb tjkenel kj{lfzq8

5" Aeqe S{lmj{Aeqe s{lmj{ |elqz aeqe |ebn alsj{oijg tjde{e iebntzbn ae{l sjfj{he al kenleb

s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf ajbneb mjbnnzbefeb eieq zfz{ kj{zse

fzjtlobj{ |ebn altjke{feb aeb alltl oijg fe{|e~eb tj{qe qekji sjblieleb sjfj{heeb

|ebn albliel oijg sjbjilql"

;" Aeqe Tjfzbaj{Aeqe tjfzbaj{ |elqz aeqe |ebn alsj{oijg ae{l sjbjiztz{eb aofzmjb) deqeqeb aeb

ieos{eb sj{ztegeeb) tjsj{ql s{o`li sj{ztegeeb aeb hzmieg fe{|e~eb al kenleb

s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf"

@" Sjbnoiegeb AeqeSjbnoiegeb aeqe aliefzfeb mjieizl qegeseb-qegeseb kj{lfzq8

5" Jalqlbn) mjmj{lfte fjijbnfeseb) fjtlbemkzbneb aeb fjtj{enemeb aeqe;" Doalbn) mjb|jaj{gebefeb aeqe ajbneb mjmkj{lfeb foaj-foaj qj{qjbqz4" S{odjttlbn) tjqjieg tjmze ltleb fzjtlobj{ qj{ltl sjbzg aeb kjbe{) aeb hzne qjieg

mjij~eql qeges sjbnfoajeb) mefe iebnfeg tjiebhzqb|e eaeieg mjms{otjt aeqe

ene{ aeseq alebeiltlt" Sjms{otjteb aeqe aliefzfeb ajbneb de{e mjbn-jbq{| aeqe

ae{l fzjtlobj{ fj sefjq s{on{em fomszqj{"


96/197

1" Dijeblbn 'sjmkj{tlgeb aeqe,) mj{zsefeb fjnleqeb sjbnjdjfeb fjmkeil aeqe|ebn tzaeg al-jbq{| esefeg eae fjteiegeb eqez qlaef" Fjteiegeb qj{tjkzq

almzbnflbfeb qj{heal seae teeq mjbn-jbq{| fj fomszqj{"

N" Ebeilte AeqeAeiem Sjbjilqleb lbl alnzbefeb kjkj{ese ebeilte aeqe) |elqz 8

5" Ebeiltlt Zblpe{leqZbqzf mjilgeq altq{lkztl `{jfzjbtl seae pe{lekji lbajsjbajb aeb pe{lekji ajsjbajb" Pe{lekji lbajsjbajb qj{al{l ae{l èfqo{

lbq{lbtlf 'kjkeb fj{he) hem fj{he) {zqlblqet aeb ilbnfzbneb `ltlf 'fjkltlbneb,) èfqo{ jftq{lbtlf 'sj{ebeb aeiem o{nebltetl)

sj{fjmkebneb fe{l{) gzkzbneb lbqj{sj{tobei tj{qe tq{zfqz{ aeb lfilm o{nebltetl,) tj{qe èfqo{ lbalplaz 'zmz{ aeb mete fj{he,

tjaebnfeb pe{lekji ajsjbajbb|e tq{jt fj{he" Zbqzf mjbnjqegzl fjbo{meieb aeqe aliefzfeb ajbneb qjtq foimono{op-tml{bop

ajbneb fjqjbqzeb hlfe s{okeklilqet eqez et|ms" Tln" ';-qelija, eqez bliel tlnbl`lfebtl 2 3)3: altq{lkztl eaeieg bo{mei 'Tzhlebqo)

;33>,"

;" Ebeiltlt Klpe{leqZbqzf mjilgeq gzkzbneb ebqe{e pe{lekji lbajsjbajb aeb pe{lekji ajsjbajb" Ebeiltlt aliefzfeb ajbneb zhl tqeqltqlf

dgltuze{j) ajbneb mjbnnzbefeb DL


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3 = bliel |ebn alemeqlJ = bliel |ebn alge{esfeb

A` = aj{eheq fjkjketeb

F = Hzmieg foiom

k = Hzmieg ke{lt

Mjqoaj lbl alnzbefeb zbqzf mjbaeseqfeb s{okeklilqet fjhealebb|e" Hlfe Speizj 2 3)3: mefe Go alqj{lme aeb Ge alqoief

|ebn kj{e{ql qlaef eae gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e fjaze pe{lekji qj{tjkzq" Tjkeilfb|e hlfe S peizj 3)3: mefe Go alqoief

aeb Ge alqj{lme |ebn kj{e{ql qj{aeseq gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe ebqe{e fjaze pe{lekji qj{tjkzq"

Zbqzf mjilgeq fjfzeqeb gzkzbneb ebqe{e pe{lekji ajsjbajb aeb lbajsjbajb mefe alilgeq bliel Oaat [etlo 'O[," [zmzt

O[ tjkenel kj{lfzq8

O[ = EA

KD

Klie bliel O[ = 5 e{qlb|e qlaef eae gzkzbneb ebqe{e pe{lekji lbajsjbajb ajbneb pe{lekji ajsjbajb" Hlfe bliel O[ 5

e{qlb|e pe{lekji lbajsjbajb mjmsj{fjdli {jtlfo qj{healb|e tq{jt fj{he" Aeb hlfe bliel O[ 5 e{qlb|e pe{lekji lbajsjbajb

mjblbnfeqfeb {jtlfo zbqzf qj{healb|e tq{jt fj{he"

4"

Ebeiltlt Mziqlpe{leqZbqzf mjilgeq `efqo{ ese |ebn seilbn mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt fj{he seae sjfj{he al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{

Mliit) Qkf" Ebeiltlt mziqlpe{leq aliefzfeb zbqzf pe{lekji |ebn tjde{e klpe{leq mjbzbhzffeb gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe" Zbqzf zhl

mziqlpe{leq mjbnnzbefeb zhl {jn{jtl ionltqlf kj{nebae fe{jbe pe{lekji ajsjbajbb|e kj{kjbqzf feqjno{lf"

Ebeiltlt lbl almziel ajbneb mjiefzfeb ebeiltlt klpe{leq ebqe{e metlbn-

metlbn pe{lekji lbajsjbajb ajbneb pe{lekji ajsjbajbb|e" Klie getli zhl klpe{leq

mjmszb|el bliel s 3);: mefe pe{lekji qj{tjkzq aeseq metzf fj aeiem febalaeq

moaji Mziqlpe{leq" Tjkeilfb|e hlfe s 2 3);: mefe pe{lekji qj{tjkzq alfjize{feb

ae{l febalaeq moaji" Tjiebhzqb|e) pe{lekji-pe{lekji |ebn metzf febalaeq moaji

Mziqlpe{leq qj{tjkzq alebeiltlt tjde{e kj{temeeb" Pe{lekji |ebn almetzffeb fj


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aeiem moaji tjiebhzqb|e eaeieg pe{lekji |ebn mjmlilfl s 3)3:" Tjaebnfeb

pe{lekji |ebn mjmlilfl s 2 3)3: alfjize{feb ae{l moaji" Sjbnjize{eb pe{lekji

aliefzfeb tjde{e kj{qeges mziel ae{l pe{lekji |ebn mjmlil speizj seilbn kjte{"

Tjqjieg alaeseqfeb pe{lekji |ebn metzf aeiem moaji mziqlpe{leq) ieiz

aliebhzqfeb moaji meqjmeqlt zbqzf mjms{jalftl pe{lekji ajsjbajbb|e"

Ae{l getli ebeiltlt mziqlpe{leq tjde{e fjtjiz{zgeb) mefe sj{temeeb {jn{jtl

|ebn alsj{oijg eaeieg tjkenel kj{lfzq8

\ = e & k5W5 & k;W;

\ mj{zsefeb pe{lekji qj{lfeq 'pe{lekji ajsjbajb, tjaebnfeb W mj{zsefeb

pe{lekji kjket 'pe{lekji lbajsjbajb," Kj{aete{feb sj{temeeb qj{tjkzq mefe \

aeseq alsj{fl{efeb ajbneb pe{lekji W5 aeb W;"


99/197

KEK P

GETLI

E" Nemke{eb SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) QkfSQ Lbaoòoa Tzftjt Mefmz{ Qkf alpltl Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit qj{metzf fj aeiem

Fjiz{egeb Feilke{z) Fjdemeqeb Dlilbdlbn) Foqemea|e Hefe{qe Zqe{e |ebn qj{ijqef al

Heieb [e|e Dlilbdlbn Bo" 5) Qebhzbn S{lof) 51553) ajbneb izet e{je 10 gjfqe{" SQ

Lbaoòoa Tzftjt Mefmz{ Qkf alpltl Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit al tjkjieg Zqe{e kj{keqeteb

ajbneb SQ Aof Fohe Kege{l) SQ Te{slbao aeb Iezq He~e" Tjkjieg Qlmz{ kj{keqeteb

ajbneb Heieb Sjiekzgeb Te{slbao aeb SQ Jetqj{b Soi|tqj{) tjaebnfeb tjkjieg Ke{eq

kj{keqeteb ajbneb Feil F{jtjf aeb Ajso Sj{qemlbe" Tjkjieg Tjieqeb kj{keqeteb ajbneb

Heieb Dlilbdlbn [e|e"

SQ Lbaoòoa Tzftjt Mefmz{ Qkf alpltl Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit mjmlilfl pltl |elqz

mjbheal lbaztq{l sebneb kj{ketlt s{oazf sj{qebleb aeb hete qj{felq |ebn kj{qe{e` azble"

Aeb mjmlilfl mltl tjkenel kj{lfzq8

5" Mjms{oazftl) mjbaltq{lkztl aeb mjbhzei sebneb) kegeb sebneb tj{qe sefeb |ebnkj{mzqz aeb kj{bliel qemkeg kj{ketlt s{oazf sj{qebleb nzbe mjblbnfeqfeb

fjtjhegqj{eeb aeb fjmefmz{eb sjiebnneb) mlq{e ztege) met|e{efeq) fe{|e~eb aeb

se{e sjmjnebn tegem"

;" Mjb|jalefeb eqez mjbhzei s{oazf aeb hete qj{felq) ebqe{e ielb fjmeteb) ebnfzqebdz{eg) tj{qe sjb|lmsebeb aeb sjbnjmeteb klhl-klhleb 'n{elb qj{mlbei,"


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4" Mjmsj{fzeq ae|e telbn ajbneb de{e mjbj{esfeb qjfboionl |ebn qjseq) alpj{tl`lfetls{oazf aeb hete) tj{qe mjbnjmkebnfeb tzmkj{ ae|e mebztle tjzqzgb|e "

K" Nemke{eb Tq{jt Fj{heTq{jt fj{he alzfz{ mjieizl sj{qeb|eeb-sj{qeb|eeb |ebn mjb|eqefeb lbqjbtlqet

sjbneiemeb stlfoionlt) `ltloionlt aeb sj{zkegeb `ltlf |ebn aleieml tjtjo{ebn" Zbqzf

mjbnjqegzl nemke{eb tq{jt fj{he aliefzfeb zhl tqeqltqlf zblpe{leq kj{tfeie o{albei"

Qjqesl tjkjizmb|e aliefzfeb sjbnjiomsofeb mjbheal ; feqjno{lf ajbneb

mjbnnzbefeb tqebae{ tfo{ |elqz hlfe qoqei tfo{ he~ekeb |ebn alsj{oijg 2 ;:

alfeqjno{lfeb tfeie kj{eq aeb hlfe qoqei tfo{ he~ekeb |ebn alsj{oijg ebqe{e 5-;:

alfeqjno{lfeb tfeie {lbneb" Tjglbnne aeseq alfjqegzl altq{lkztl {jtsobajb

kj{aete{feb tq{jt fj{he al kenleb s{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf Qegzb

;33< tjsj{ql qj{ilgeq seae qekji kj{lfzq :"5"

Qekji :"5

Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb kj{aete{feb Tq{jt Fj{heal Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit Qkf Qegzb ;33" Kj{aete{feb sj{glqzbneb {ltf jtqlmjqj alsj{oijg O[ =

;"1:: '


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's=3)333, alfjqegzl keg~e aeqe kj{altq{lkztl qlaef bo{mei) tjglbnne aeqe alfeqjno{lfeb

aeb zhl |ebn alnzbefeb qjqes zhl dgl tuze{j" Gzkzbneb ebqe{e {zqlblqet ajbneb tq{jt

fj{he seae sjfj{he aeseq alilgeq seae qekji :">"

Qekji :">

Altq{lkztl [jtsobajb mjbz{zq [zqlblqet qj{geaes Tq{jt Fj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit Qkf Qegzb ;33 pe{lekji qj{tjkzq qj{ijklg aegziz aliefzfeb ebeiltlt klpe{leq

ajbneb pe{lekji ajsjbajb |elqz tq{jt fj{he" Tjqjieg mjieizl ebeiltlt klpe{leq) pe{lekji

ajbneb bliel Speizj 9 3) ;: aeb mjmszb|el fjmefbeeb tjde{e tzktqebtl aeseq alhealfeb

febalaeq |ebn efeb almetzffeb fj aeiem moaji mziqlpe{leq" Getli ebeiltlt klpe{leq

ebqe{e pe{lekji lbajsjbajb ajbneb pe{lekji ajsjbajb aeseq alilgeq seae qekji :"5:"


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Qekji :"5:Getli Ebeiltlt Klpe{leq ebqe{e @efqo{ Lbq{lbtlf Sjfj{heeb) @efqo{ Jftq{lbtlf

Sjfj{heeb) aeb @efqo{ Lbalplaz ajbneb Tq{jt Fj{he seae Sjfj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit Qkf Qegzb ;33

4 [zqlblqet 3"3;0

1 Fjkltlbneb 3"33:

: Sjbnjmkebneb Fe{l{ 3"5 pe{lekji |ebn Speizj

b|e 3);: |elqz kjkeb fj{he) hem fj{he) {zqlblqet) fjkltlbneb)

sjbnjmkebneb fe{l{) gzkzbneb lbqj{sj{tobei tj{qe tq{zfqz{

aeb lfilm o{nebltetl" Ajbneb ajmlfleb pe{lekji-pe{lekji

qj{tjkzq metzf fj aeiem moaji mziqlpe{leq"

;" Sjmkzeqeb moaji `efqo{ sjbjbqz pe{lekji |ebn seilbn kj{sjbne{zg tjde{e tqeqltqlfajbneb tq{jt fj{he"


122/197

Ebeiltlt mziqlpe{leq mjbaeseqfeb moaji |ebn qj{kelf aeiem mjbjbqzfeb

ajqj{mlbeb tq{jt fj{he seae sjfj{he" Aeiem sjmoajieb lbl tjmze pe{lekji febalaeq

aldokefeb tjde{e kj{teme-teme" Moaji qj{kelf efeb alsj{qlmkebnfeb seae bliel Speizj

3)3:" Sjmlilgeb moaji aliefzfeb tjde{e gl{e{fl ajbneb de{e tjmze pe{lekji lbajsjbajb

|ebn mjbheal febalaeq |ebn mjmjbzgl t|e{eq almetzffeb fj aeiem moaji) fjmzaleb

pe{lekji Speizj 2 3)3: alfjize{feb ae{l moaji teqz-sj{teqz" Tjde{e fjtjiz{zgeb getli

sjmkzeqeb moaji `efqo{ sjbjbqz aeseq alilgeq seae qekji :"50"

Qekji :"50

Getli Ebeiltlt Mziqlpe{leq [jn{jtl Ionltqlf Nebae ebqe{e Kjkeb Fj{he) Hem

Fj{he) [zqlblqet) Fjkltlbneb) Sjbnjmkebneb Fe{l{) Gzkzbneb Lbqj{sj{tobei

tj{qe Tq{zfqz{ aeb Lfilm O{nebltetl ajbneb Tq{jt Fj{he seae Sjfj{he

al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit Qkf Qegzb ;33


123/197

Bo Pe{lekji Moaji

5

Moaji

;

Moaji

4

Moaji 1 Moaji :

5 Kjkeb Fj{he 3"334 3"334 3"334 3"334 3"331

; Hem Fj{he 3"335 3"333 3"333 3"333 3"333

4 [zqlblqet 3"4>3 3"40: 3"404 - -

1 Fjkltlbneb 3"4: -

0 Gzkzbneb

Lbqj{sj{tobei

3""


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Qekji :"5>

Getli Ebeiltlt Mziqlpe{leq ebqe{e Kjkeb Fj{he) Hem Fj{he aeb Fjkltlbneb

ajbneb Tq{jt Fj{he seae Sjfj{he al Kenleb S{oazftl SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{

Mliit Qkf Qegzb ;33:4-55;"74;

-; Ion Ilfjilgooa = 537">


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Ae{l getli ebeiltlt mziqlpe{leq tjde{e fjtjiz{zgeb) mefe

sj{temeeb {jn{jtl |ebn alsj{oijg eaeieg tjkenel kj{lfzq8

\ = e k5W5 k;W;

Ionlq Tq{jt Fj{he = -4">7: zbqzf kjkeb fj{he) ;"7 zbqzf hem fj{he)

aeb 4"51; zbqzf fjkltlbneb" Bliel sotlql` lbl mjbnnemke{feb

eaeb|e sjbne{zg |ebn tje{eg ebqe{e kjkeb fj{he) hem fj{he

aeb fjkltlbneb qj{geaes tq{jt fj{he" Almebe tjqles fjbelfeb

teqz teqzeb seae pe{lekji kjkeb fj{he) hem fj{he aeb

fjkltlbneb efeb mjb|jkekfeb fjbelfeb qlbnfeq tq{jt fj{he

tjkjte{ 5"3>: zbqzf fjbelfeb |ebn altjkekfeb oijg pe{lekji

kjkeb fj{he) ;"7 zbqzf fjbelfeb |ebn altjkekfeb oijg


126/197

pe{lekji hem fj{he aeb 4"51; zbqzf fjbelfeb |ebn altjkekfeb

oijg pe{lekji fjkltlbneb" Tjaebnfeb bliel bjneql` seae

fobtqebqe |elqz -4">7< mjbnnemke{feb keg~e qebse eaeb|e

lbqj{pjbtl qj{geaes kjkeb fj{he) hem fj{he aeb fjkltlbneb)

tq{jt fj{he efeb mjbz{zb tjkjte{ 4)>7


127/197

KEK PL

SJMKEGETEB

E" Fjqj{keqeteb SjbjilqlebSjbjilqleb lbl mjmlilfl fjqj{keqeteb-fjqj{keqeteb |ebn aeseq mjmsjbne{zgl getli

sjbjilqleb) fjqj{keqeteb-fjqj{keqeteb qj{tjkzq |elqz8

5" Sjbjilqleb lbl mjbnnzbefeb ajtelb tqzal d{ott tjdqlobei aeseq mjbnnemke{febpe{lekji |ebn alqjilql) kelf lbajsjbajb mezszb ajsjbajb seae ~efqz |ebn teme

qeqesl dzfzs ijmeg zbqzf mjilgeq eaeb|e gzkzbneb tjkek eflkeq"

;" Lbtq{zmjb aeiem sjbjilqleb lbl eaeieg fzjtlobj{ |ebn altztzb oijg sjbjilqlkj{aete{feb qjo{l aeb lbtq{zmjb sjbjilqleb qj{aegziz |ebn gemsl{ teme) tjglbnne

aeseq alfeqefeb keg~e lbtq{zmjb |ebn alnzbefeb kzfeb lbtq{zmjb tqebae{ eqez

kefz"

4" Zhl doke fzjtlobj{ aliefzfeb seae qjmseq |ebn teme aliefzfebb|e sjbjilqleb |ebnfjmzbnflbeb aeseq mjb|jkekfeb qj{slilgb|e fjmkeil tjkenel {jtsobajb seae

sjbjilqleb"

1" Fj{ebnfe fobtjs |ebn alnzbefeb seae sjbjilqleb lbl geb|e mjbngzkzbnfebpe{lekji-pe{lekji |ebn alsj{fl{efeb mjmlilfl gzkzbneb ajbneb pe{lekji ajsjbajb)


128/197

tjglbnne metlg qj{aeseq fjmzbnflbeb pe{lekji-pe{lekji ielb |ebn kjizm metzf

aeiem fj{ebnfe fobtjs"

:" Sjbjilqleb lbl ijklg kj{tl`eq tzk|jfql` |elqz qjbqebn tq{jt fj{he) tjglbnne getlib|etjkeqet seae sj{ztegeeb almebe sjbjilqleb lbl aliefzfeb aeb tq{jt fj{he tjkenel

szteq sjbnemeqeb kzfeb gei |ebn kj{tl`eq mjbjqes) tjglbnne getli sjbnzfz{eb |ebn

aliefzfeb seae teeq sjbnemklieb aeqe kzfebieg mj{zsefeb getli |ebn kj{iebntzbn

tjqj{ztb|e" Tjielb lqz seae teeq sjbnemklieb aeqe aeseq qj{heal fjmzbnflbeb mj{jfe

|ebn aletzmtlfeb mjbaj{lqe tq{jt fj{he tjkjbe{b|e qlaef" Qjqesl fe{jbe alsjbne{zgl

oijg ~efqz aeb teeq |ebn fz{ebn qjseq) almebe teeq mjbnltl fzjtlobj{ {jtsobajb

mjmszb|el meteieg |ebn kj{etei ae{l ize{ qjmseq fj{heb|e) mlteib|e meteieg ae{l

{zmeg eqez ilbnfzbneb totleib|e" Tjglbnne mjmsjbne{zgl he~ekeb {jtsobajb

qj{zqeme seae kenleb sj{qeb|eeb mjbnjbel lbalfeqo{ tq{jt fj{he |ebn qj{al{l ae{l

lbalfeqo{ sj{zkegeb `ltloionlt) lbalfeqo{ sj{zkegeb stlfoionl aeb lbalfeqo{

sj{zkegeb sj{liefz |ebn seae efgl{b|e mjmkzeq sjbjilql mjb|eqefeb keg~e

{jtsobajb tq{jt aeiem kjfj{he"

K" Nemke{ebTq{jt Fj{heMjbz{zq Ebo{ene '5


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ge{l qlaef eaeb|e fjqjnebneb teme tjfeil kzfeb mj{zsefeb tzeqz qebae fjkegenleeb)

qjqesl mjbzbhzffeb eaeb|e fjijtzeb eqez fjqlaefqegzeb mjbnjbel ese |ebn qjbneg

qj{heal"

Tjqles etsjf ae{l ilbnfzbneb fj{he aeseq al{etefeb tjkenl tq{jt oijg qjbene fj{he"

Qj{nebqzbn ae{l sj{tjstl qjbene fj{he qj{geaes ilbnfzbnebb|e) esefeg le mj{etefeb

tq{jt eqez qlaef" Gei lbl kj{e{ql keg~e seae tlqzetl fj{he |ebn teme) tjo{ebn qjbene fj{he

aeseq mjbneieml tq{jt) tjaebnfeb ielbb|e qlaef '^eg|zblbntlg) ;33>,"

Tq{jt fj{he aeiem sjbjilqleb lbl alzfz{ ajbneb mjbnnzbefeb lbalfeqo{ |ebn qjieg

alqjqesfeb tjtzel ajbneb mjqoaj tji` {jso{q mjetz{jmjbq kj{ltl kjkj{ese sj{qeb|eeb

|ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb eaeb|e sj{zkegeb `ltloionlt) stlfoionl aeb sj{liefz" Ae{l

getli sjbjilqleb |ebn qj{aeseq seae qekji :"5 alfjqegzl keg~e tjkenleb kjte{ sjfj{he al

SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf qegzb ;33< |ebn mjbheal {jtsobajb aeiem sjbjilqleb

lbl mjbneieml tq{jt {lbneb |elqz tjkjte{ ::"0*" Gei lbl tjheieb ajbneb getli sjbjilqleb

|ebn aliefzfeb oijg Tzs{esqo ';337, keg~e sjfj{he |ebn mjbneieml tq{jt fj{he {lbneb

ijklg keb|ef alkebalbnfeb ajbneb sjfj{he |ebn mjbneieml tq{jt fj{he kj{eq |elqz

tjkjte{ 0;)4*" Tjielb lqz mjbz{zq sjbjilqleb Jpe|ebql ';334, tjflqe{ :>)7* ae{l qoqei

437 {jtsobajb |ebn alqjilql mjbneieml tq{jt fj{he"

Qj{aeseq qlne lbalfeqo{ sj{zkegeb |elqz sj{zkegeb `ltloionlt) sj{zkegeb

stlfoionl) aeb sj{zkegeb sj{liefz |ebn alnzbefeb zbqzf mjbnzfz{ tq{jt fj{he |ebn

aleaostl ae{l Fe{oij|) 5


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nebnnzeb sjbdj{beeb seae iemkzbn aeb ztzt) lbtomble/ tzteg qlaz{) ale{j) qjilbne

kj{ajbnlbn) k{zwlmt 'mjbnnj{qefeb nlnl al meiem ge{l,) Teflq tjbal qjmsj{o

mebalkzie{ 'teflq {egebn,) qjfebeb ae{eg qlbnnl) njheie SHF 'sjb|eflq hebqzbn fo{obj{,)

njheie gj{sjt) mln{elb) qzfef iemkzbn) hebqzbn kj{ajke{-ajke{) tj{lbn kzebn el{ fjdli)

tj{lbn fjize{ fj{lbneq) nznzs) be`tz mefeb gliebn) keaeb qj{ete ijmeg) ijqlg/ijtz"

Sj{zkegeb stlfoionl mjilszql 8 mzaeg me{eg) mzaeg qj{tlbnnzbn) sj{eteeb qj{qjfeb)

mj{ete djmet/njilteg) mzaeg szqzt ete) tlfes edzg qef edzg) sj{eteeb qjnebn"

Sj{zkegeb sj{liefz 8 mj{ete meiet kjfj{he) ektjbqjltmj qlbnnl) fz{ebn fobtjbq{etl)

djseq mj{ete izse) mjbzbae-bzbae sjfj{heeb) mlbzm fosl/ mj{ofof 'fzebqlqetb|e ijklg

ae{l kleteb|e,) mlbzm okeq qlaz{/ okeq sjbjbebn 'alize{ fjkleteeb tjge{l-ge{l,)

mjbnfobtzmtl mlbzmeb kj{eifogoi 'alize{ fjkleteeb tjge{l-ge{l,) aeb mjbnglbae{l ae{l

lbqj{eftl totlei 'sj{nezieb," Gei lbl tjheieb ajbneb qjo{l |ebn alfjmzfefeb oijg Dow

'50, |elqz sjbne{zg tq{jt qj{geaes sj{liefz aeb fjtjgeqeb alebqe{eb|e j`jf `ltloionlt

|elqz ajb|zq hebqzbn mjblbnfeq) kj{fj{lbneq aeb sjblbnfeqeb qjfebeb ae{eg" J`jf

sj{liefz |elqz 8 sjb|eiegnzbeeb okeq) be`tz mefeb gliebn aeb mlbzm-mlbzmeb fj{et"

Tjaebnfeb j`jf fonblql` |elqz 8 tzilq fobtjbq{etl aeb tj{lbn izse"

Mjtflszb tjkenleb kjte{ sjfj{he al SQ LTM Konete{l @ioz{ Mliit) Qkf

mjbneieml tq{jt {lbneb) eseklie qlaef alqebnebl tjde{e tj{lzt oijg slgef sj{ztegeeb

mefe efeb mj{znlfeb kenl sjfj{he aeb sj{ztegeeb" Tjkek tjmze sjfj{heeb

mjbebnnzbn kjkeb qebnzbn he~ek) meteieg-meteieg) qzbqzqeb-qzbqzqeb) fjtzilqeb-

fjtzilqeb aeb qjfebeb-qjfebeb |ebn mjbdjqztfeb qlmkzib|e tq{jt seae lbalplaz sjfj{he"

Seae efgl{b|e klie tq{jt kj{fjsebhebneb efeb mjbngetlifeb {jtsob qzkzg aeiem kjbqzf


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nebnnzeb `eei qzkzg) nebnnzeb jmotlobei aeb sj{zkegeb qlbnfeg iefz tj{qe mjbz{zbb|e

s{oazfqlplqet fj{he 'Ge{{lebqo) ;33:," Zbqzf lqz slgef sj{ztegeeb ene{ ijklg osqlmei

aeiem mjbebnnziebnl tq{jt fj{he ajbneb mjiefzfeb aze sjbajfeqeb 'BLOTG) 5


132/197

;" Sj{keb|ef sj{nezieb totlei tj{qe mjmsj{izet qeil tlieqz{eglmMebztle eaeieg mefgizf totlei tjglbnne tjtjo{ebn qlaef efeb aeseq glazs tjbal{l"

Zbqzf mjblbnfeqfeb ae|e qegeb aeb fjfjkeieb qj{geaes tq{jt) mefe tjtjo{ebn

gjbaefb|e keb|ef kj{nezi) mjbde{l qjmeb aeb mjbheilb tlieqz{eglm tjkek tjtjo{ebn

|ebn mjmlilfl keb|ef qjmeb mjmszb|el qjmeb-qjmeb |ebn aeseq alsj{de|e zbqzf

teilbn kj{qzfe{ slfl{eb aeb mjmkebqz mjbnz{ebnl kjkeb slfl{ebb|e"

4" Qeeq kj{lkeaeg aeb mjbajfeqfeb al{l ajbneb qzgebMebztle eaeieg mefgizf |ebn `lq{eg) tjglbnne mjmj{izfeb sjmjbzgeb fjkzqzgeb

aete{ tsl{lqzei 'ketld tsl{lqzei bjjat,) oijg fe{jbe lqz eneme eaeieg teieg teqz

fjkzqzgeb aete{ |ebn aeseq mjbnglbae{l tjtjo{ebn ae{l fjhealeb tq{jt"

1" Mjbde{l ~efqz izebn zbqzf kj{ilkz{ aeb kj{jf{jetl kj{teme fjize{ne[jf{jetl mj{zsefeb te{ebe zbqzf mjbnz{ebnl tq{jt) tjkek ajbneb kj{jf{jetl /

kj{ilkz{ mefe tjtjo{ebn aeseq mjizsefeb tjneie sj{meteiegeb aeb {zqlblqet |ebn

mjmkzeq tjjo{ebn mjheal tq{jt"

Tjde{e zmzm) mjbz{zq Ge{{lebqo ';33:, keg~e tq{jt fj{he aeseq alqebnnziebnl

ajbneb mjbj{esfeb : iebnfeg sjbebnnziebneb tq{jt fj{he aeiem fjglazseb tjge{l-ge{l)

tjsj{ql kj{qef~e fjseae Qzgeb \MJ mlteib|e sjfj{he ijklg {ehlb ienl mjbnlfzql

fjnleqeb sjbnehleb eqez fjkefqleb |ebn aleaefeb oijg sj{ztegeeb) tjglbnne sjfj{he

aeseq kj{se{qltlsetl aeb qlaef hezg ae{l fjnleqeb fjenemeeb ielbb|e |ebn eae"

Mjbnfobtzmtl mefebeb tjgeq aeb kj{nlxl) mjiefzfeb oieg {ene aeb {jf{jetl tjde{e


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134/197

Getli sjbjilqleb lbl tjtzel ajbneb ajbneb qjo{lb|e Gz{{jii aff |ebn mjbneqefeb

keg~e teieg teqz `efqo{ |ebn mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt fj{he eaeieg kjkeb fj{he 'Mzbebae{)

;335," Kj{eq {lbnebb|e kjkeb fj{he |ebn alqj{lme oijg tjo{ebn sjfj{he aeseq alnzbefeb

zbqzf mjbjbqzfeb kj{ese ieme tjo{ebn sjfj{he aeseq mjiefzfeb efqlplqet sjfj{heebb|e

tjtzel ajbneb fjmemszeb eqez fesetlqet fj{he |ebn kj{tebnfzqeb" Almebe tjmeflb

kj{eq kjkeb fj{he tjglbnne mjiemsezl fesetlqet fj{he efeb mjbz{zbfeb j`ltljbtl aeb

s{oazfqlplqet fj{he kegfeb aeseq mjblmkzifeb nebnnzeb fjtjgeqeb sjfj{he 'Qe{~efe)

jq ei) ;331," Sjbjilqleb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg egil hebqzbn Mj|j{ @{ljamjb aeb [e|

[jtjbmjb '51, |ebn alfzqls aeiem Ebzn{eg ';33


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mjbnosqlmeifeb ienl sjieqlgeb aeb sjbalalfeb qj{felq ajbneb {jtlfo aeb kege|e

sjfj{heeb |ebn mj{zsefeb kenleb ae{l fjtjgeqeb aeb fjtjiemeqeb fj{he al sj{ztegeeb)

tjglbnne sj{tjstl qj{geaes {jtlfo aeb kege|e sjfj{heeb aeseq alfz{ebnl aeb sjfj{he

aeseq kjfj{he qebse eaeb|e fjdjmeteb aeb fjqefzqeb |ebn eseklie kj{iebntzbn aeiem

hebnfe sebhebn kj{soqjbtl mjblmkzifeb sjb|eflq |ebn kj{gzkzbneb ajbneb tq{jt"

k" Hem Fj{heHem fj{he mj{zsefeb teieg teqz èfqo{ |ebn alazne mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt fj{he"

Kj{aete{feb getli sjbjilqleb seae qekji :);) alfjqegzl keg~e tjkenleb kjte{ {jtsobajb

|ebn alqjilql mjb|eqefeb hem fj{he 7 hem"

Kj{aete{feb getli ebeiltlt klpe{leq) aeseq alfjqegzl keg~e {jtsobajb |ebn

mjb|eqefebfeb hem fj{he 2 7 hem tjkenleb kjte{ mjbneieml tq{jt fj{he kj{eq"

Tjmjbqe{e {jtsobajb |ebn mjb|eqefeb hem fj{he 7 hem tjkenleb kjte{ mjbneieml

tq{jt fj{he {lbneb" Kj{aete{feb getli zhl tqeqltqlfdgl tuze{j alfjqegzl hem fj{he mjmlilfl

gzkzbneb |ebn kj{mefbe"

Kj{ae{feb getli ebeiltlt mziqlpe{leq ajbneb mjbnnzbefeb zhl {jn{jtl ionltqlf

nebae 'mziqlsij ionltqld {jn{jqlobt, alfjqegzl keg~e hem fj{he mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt

fj{he" Tjglbnne aeseq altlmszifeb keg~e pe{lekji hem fj{he mj{zsefeb teieg teqz

èfqo{ |ebn mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt fj{he"

Gei lbl tjtzel ajbneb qjo{l |ebn alfjmzfefeb Gz{{jii aff keg~e hem fj{he

mj{zsefeb teieg teqz èfqo{ |ebn mjmsjbne{zgl tq{jt fj{he 'Mzbebae{) ;335,"

Sjbemkegeb hem fj{he alize{ tqebae{ aeseq mjblbnfeqfeb ztege eaesqetl sjfj{he) |ebn


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fjmzaleb aeseq mjblbnfeqfeb jftf{jtl feqofgoiemlb |elqz go{mob ea{jbeilb aeb bob-

ea{jbeilb" Mjbz{zq kjkj{ese sjbjilqleb) fj{he ijmkz{ |ebn qj{ieiz tj{lbn) eseienl feiez

qebse fobq{oi hzmieg hem fj{he |ebn kj{ijklgeb qj{b|eqe qlaef geb|e mjbnz{ebnl

fzebqlqet aeb fzeilqet getli fj{he) hzne tj{lbnfeil mjblbnfeqfeb fzebqlqet ektjb ajbneb

eieteb teflq eqez fjdjiefeeb fj{he 'Ge{{lebqo) ;33:,

Getli sjbjilqleb lbl hzne tjtzel ajbneb sjbjilqleb |ebn aliefzfeb oijg

Mzgemmea ';331, |ebn mjbjmzfeb getli keg~e {jtsobajb |ebn kjfj{he 2 5; hem

mjbzbhzffeb njheie tq{jt tjaebn " F

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRES KERJA PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI PT ISM BOGASARI FLOUR MILLS TBK TANJUNG PRIOK JAKARTA UTARA TAHUN 2009