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Fauna de Mongolia ИРВЭС ХАМГААЛАХ СЛЖЭЭ

Fauna de Mongolia

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birds and mammalas native to mongolia

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Page 1: Fauna de Mongolia

Fauna de

Mongolia

ИРВЭС ХАМГААЛАХ С�ЛЖЭЭ

Page 2: Fauna de Mongolia

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aaves · rapaces e

Aguila Imperial Oriental / Eastern imperial eagle ( Aquila heliaca )Length: 92 cm Wingspan: 214 cm Adult imperial eagles are stocky in shape with black-brown feathers and a pale golden crown and nape. The shoulders have prominent white patches and the tail is greyish-brown. The head is large, the wings are long and straight and the strong feet have long, curved talons. Juveniles are paler with patterning on the rump, wings and tail. They have bold streaks on the underwings and the underside of the body.

Pigargo De Pallas / Pallas’s �sh-eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus)Length: 76 – 84 cm Wingspan: 180 – 205 cm This large �shing eagle is mainly dark brown,with a light brown to white head and neck and a slightly darker area between the shoulders. The tail is nearly black and is crossed by a broad, white band. Juveniles are dark all over, except forwhite markings patterning the undersides of the wings, most easily visible in �ight. Adults call with a loud ‘kha-kha-kha-kha’.

Page 3: Fauna de Mongolia

aves · rapaces eAguila Moteada / Greater spotted eagle (Aquila clanga)Length: 62 – 74 cmWingspan: 153 - 177 cm A medium-sized eagle, the greater spotted eagle only has white spots as a juvenile, when they extend in bands across the upperwing. By adulthood, the spots have faded leaving dark brown feathers across the head, body and wings, with slightly paler �ight feathers on the upper side. In gliding �ight, the greater spotted eagle holds the feathers at the tips of the wings downward. Although mainly a quiet bird, has abarking ‘kyak’ call during the breeding season.

Fase oscura

Fase clara

Juvenil moteada

Aguila Esteparia / Steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis)

Length: 72 – 81 cmWingspan: 165 - 190 cmThe plumage is mostly dark brown, with well-de�ned bars on the �ight and tail feathers. The main distinguishing features are the reddish-brown patch on the nape of the neck,the oval nostrils, and the long, wide gape. The juvenile steppe eagle resembles the adultbut is paler brown, with a characteristic broad white band running along the underside of the wing.

LC

Pigargo Coliblanco / White-tailed Eagle

Length: 90 cm (2)Wingspan: 2 - 2.4 m

(Haliaeetus albicilla)

This impressive bird is the largest European eagle, with huge club-ended wings which make the bright white tail seem small. The head and beak are large and protrude forward, giving the eagle a vulture-like appearance. The feathers are mottled shades of brown, with pale areas on both the upperwing and the underwing. Above the tail the feathers are reddish-brown, and pale stripes run down to the tip of the tail.

aves · rapaces e

LC

Buitre de los Himalayas (Gyps himalayensis)Length: 110 cm Wingspan: 260 - 289 cm

The Himalayan Gri�on Vulture is a typical vulture, with a bald white head, very broad wings, and short tail feathers. It is even larger than the European Gri�on Vulture. It has a white neck ru� and yellow bill. The whitish body and wing coverts contrast with the dark �ight feathers. LC

Buitres: Buitre leonado, buitre negro, quebrantahuesos, alimoche

Page 4: Fauna de Mongolia

Upland buzzard(Buteo hemilasius)

Busardos y Aguiluchos

(Circus melanoleucos)Agulicho pío / Pied Harrier

(Circus spilonotus)Aguilucho lagunero oriental

Oriental honey-buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus)

Pallid harrier (Circus macrourus)

(Accipiter badius)Shikra

aves · rapaces e

Japanese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis)

The male has dark barred underwings, lightly barredunderparts, dark grey upperparts and red eyes. Female has yellow eyes and dark barred underparts. Juvenile has brown upperparts and streaks on breast.

Length: 23-30cm

Short broad wings and a long tail, both adaptations to fast manoeuvring. The normal �ight of this species is a characteristic"�ap –�ap– glide". The adult Shikra has pale grey upperparts and is white, �nely barred reddish below. Sexes are similar except that the female is larger than the male. The juvenile is brown above and white, spotted with brown below. It has a barred tail.

Halcones

Length: 26-30cm

Halcón sacre / Saker falcon (Falco cherrug)Length: 50 cm Wingspan: 120 cm

Large, powerful bird of prey with an exceptionally broad wingspan for its size. Great variation in colour and pattern exist, ranging from a fairly uniform chocolate brown colour to a pale sandy colour with brown bars or streaks, to almost pure white individuals, which are particularly prized by Arab falconers. Female saker falcons are markedlylarger than males.

Amur falcon (Falco amurensis)Length: 23-30cm Long, pointed wings. The male is a largely dark grey bird, with a chestnut lower belly and thighs, and a white underwing, visible in �ight. The dark plumage contrasts with the bright orange-red legs and facial skin, and the orange base to the beak. The female has cream or orange underparts, with dark streaks and bars, grey upperparts with a slaty-coloured head and cream forehead, and bars and spots on the wings and tail,which have broad, dark tips. The cheeks and throat are plain white, and the face bears a dark eye patch and ‘moustache’. The juvenile resembles the female, but may be paler, with reddish-brown or bu� edges to the feathers . Interestingly, the Amur falconis one of only a few birds of prey to have white claws.

The Amur falcon is noteworthy for undertaking one of themost arduous annual migrations of any bird of prey.

f m

aves · rapaces e

Page 5: Fauna de Mongolia

aves · rapaces Nocturnas o aves · rapaces Nocturnas oAutillo Oriental /

Oriental Scops Owl (Otus sunia)

Length: 16 – 20 cm

Length: 37 – 38 cm

Lechuza campestre / Short-eared owl (Asio �ammeus)

Mochuelo Boreal / Boreal Owl (Aegolius funereus)

Length: 22 - 27 cm Wingspan: 50 - 62 cm

Mochuelo chico / alpino /Eurasian Pygmy Owl

(Glaucidium passerinum)Length: 15 – 19 cmLlamada monótona en tonos muy altos

Llamada: Serie de poops + descanso de 3 seg. Llamada: “ladrido” carraspeante, waowk-waowk-....

Llamada: Series de Wug-chug-chug

Length: 36-43 cmWingspan: 69 - 82 cmBastante diurnoLlamada: pupupu melodioso de ~14 seg con notas ascendentes.Falcon-like wing shape and long tail

Lechuza gavilana / Northern Hawk Owl (Surnia ulula)

Length: 50–59 cmWingspan: 115 - 125 cmLlamada: Suave uhu, 4 seg, uh uhuu

Ural Owl (Strix uralensis )

Length: 61 - 84 cmWingspan: 142 cmLlamada: lento whooo-ooo-ooo-ooo de tonobajo de 7 seg, cada 15-30 seg.

Great Grey Owl (Strix nebulosa)Buho nival / Snowy owl

(Bubo scandiaca)Length: 52 - 70 cm Wingspan: 126 - 145 cmDiurno

Page 6: Fauna de Mongolia

aves · acuaticas · grullas f aves · acuaticas · Grullas

Grullas

Length: 125 cm

Grulla Cuelliblanca / White-naped crane (Grus vipio)

This large crane is identi�able by the large circle of bare,red skin around each eye. It stands out from the slate-greyfeathers that cover most of the body, and the white throatand white stripe running from the crown to the nape of the neck. The legs are long and pinkish in colour. Juveniles are smaller with a brown head and pale brown throat. The white-naped crane has a high-pitched call.

Length: c. 115 cm Wingspan: 180 - 200 cm

Grulla común / Common crane

(Grus grus)

The plumage is mainly slate grey, with black �ight feathers, the innermost of which are greatly elongated, forming a drooping, bushy ‘cloak’ over the tail. The neck, chin and throat are dark grey to black, with a black forehead and a distinctive white stripe that runs from behind the eye, down the neck and to the upper back. The top of the head bears a red patch of bare skin, and the eye is also bright red or reddish-brown.

Grulla damisela / Demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo)

Lenght: 89 cmDemoiselle Cranes are the smallest and second most abundant crane species. Body plumage is pale bluish gray. A light gray-feathered area extends from the based of the bill to the nape. A long, pure white feather plume stretches from behind the eye to well beyond the head. Demoiselle Cranes are one of two species of cranes that do not have patches of bare, red skin on their heads. he breast.

Zona de cría

Zona de cría

Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus)

Hooded crane (Grus monacha)

Japanese crane (Grus japonensis)

f

Page 7: Fauna de Mongolia

aves · acuaticas q aves · acuaticas qGarzas: Garza real, garceta, avetoro

Garcilla china / Chinese Pond Heron (Ardeola bacchus)

Plumaje nupcial

Cigüeñas: Cigüeña negraCigüeña oriental

(Ciconia boyciana)Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus)

Lenght: 47 cm

Glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus)Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii)

Agujeta asiatica/ Asiatic Dowitcher(Limnodromus semipalmatus)

Zarapito de siberia / Eastern Curlew (Numenius madagascariensis)

Lenght: 63 cmMayor andarríos, cría en Mongolia.

Lenght: 37 - 41 cm

Vuelvepiedras rojizo / Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres)

Gaviota de Mongolia / Relict gull (Larus relictus)

Length: 44 – 45 cm

Pallas’s gull (Larus ichthyaetus)Length: 58 - 65 cm Wingspan: 140 - 160 cm Cría en Mongolia

Brown-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus)

Page 8: Fauna de Mongolia

aves · acuaticas · Anátidas d aves · Varios y

Falcated Duck (Anas falcata)

Patos, gansos y cisnes Cerceta del Baikal / Baikal teal (Anas formosa)

Ánsar Indio / Bar-headed goose (Anser indicus)

Ánsar cisne / Swan goose (Anser cygnoides)

Baer’s pochard (Aythya baeri) Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus)El más pequeño de los cisnes paleárticos.

Black-capped King�sher (Halcyon pileata)

Ampelis europeo /Bohemian Waxwing (Bombycilla garrulus)

Tordo siberiano/Siberian Thrush

(Zoothera sibirica)

Oriental Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus orientalis)

Daurian Redstart (Phoenicurus auroreus)

Collalba del desierto?Desert Wheatear

(Oenanthe deserti)

Reed Parrotbill (Paradoxornis heudei)

Azure Tit(Cyanistes cyanus)

Mongolian Ground-jay(Podoces hendersoni)

Siberian Jay(Perisoreus infaustus)

Page 9: Fauna de Mongolia

Mamíferos · carnívoros b Mamíferos · carnívoros b

Pallas’s cat (Otocolobus manul)Head-body length: 50 – 65 cm Tail length: 21 – 31 cm Weight 2.5 – 5 kg

Pallas’s cat is adapted to cold, arid habitatsin upland hilly areas, such as stony alpine desert and steppe grassland with rocky outcrops, but is generally absent from lowland sandy desert basins.

Snow leopard (Panthera uncia)

Snow leopards are generally found at elevations between 3,000 to 4,500 meters in steep terrain broken by cli�s,ridges, gullies and rocky outcrops.

Head-body length: 100 - 130 cm Tail length: 80 - 100 cm Male weight: 45 - 55 kg Female weight: 35 - 40 kg

Asian Steppe- Wildcat / Gato ornado(Felis sylvestris ornata)

It is a bit larger than a Domestic Cat, has pale yellow pper body marked with black spots on its back and black stripes on its legs with a pale whitish colouredstomach. The Asian Steppe-Wildcat now lives in isolated pockets in areas of uncultivated scrub forests with rocky areas.

Head-body length: 80 - 130 cm (2)Tail length: 11 - 24.5 cm (2)Weight 8 - 38 kg (2)

Lince Boreal Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)

Found from western Europe through Russia and down into Central Asia. This range is occupied by around nine separate subspecies but there is yet to be a �nal agreement on their classi�cation (Lynx l. kozlovi in Mongolia?). Primarily associated with forested areas,but in Central Asia occurs in more open, thinly wooded areas.

Lobo gris /Grey wolf (Canis lupus)

Length: 1.65 m - 1.59 m Height: 66 – 81 cm Weight: m 20 – 80 kg f16 – 55 kg

The world’s largest wild canid, the iconic grey wolf has been a source of both fear and respect, inspiring a rich cultural history.The grey wolf held the title of the world’s most widely distributed mammal.

Dhole (Cuon alpinus)Length: 90 cm Shoulder height: 50 cm Weight: m15 - 20 kg f10 - 13 kg

Dholes or Asian wild dogs are pack-living canids.The bushy coat is usually a rusty red colour with white on the belly, chest and paws (5). Di�erent subspecies exist and those in the northern parts of the dhole's range have lighter and longer hair than their southern relatives.

Corsac Fox (Vulpes corsac)

Length: 50 - 60 cm Weight: 2.7 kg

Slightly smaller than the red fox with larger legs and ears. The coloration is predominantly grey or reddish grey on the upper parts with silver undertones, while the under parts are white with yellow undertones. The chin is white and the fur is thick and soft all over. Its large, pointy ears are broad at the base.

Red fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Brown bear (Ursus arctos)

Page 10: Fauna de Mongolia

Mamíferos · carnívoros b Mamíferos · Ungulados dTurón jaspeado / Marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna)Siberian Weasel

(Mustela sibirica)Length: 250 - 390 mm

Steppe Polecat (Mustela eversmanii) Altai weasel (Mustela altaica)

Sable (Martes zibellina)

Raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

Glotón / Wolverine (Gulo gulo)

Hog badger (Arctonyx collaris)

The population is currently estimated to consist of fewerthan 50 mature individuals free-living in the wild for thepast �ve years.

Mongolia

Asno salvaje asiático / Onagro /Onager (Equus hemionus)

Persian gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa)

Length: 90 - 126 cmShoulder height: 56 - 80 cmWeight: m12– 40 kgf18 - 33 kg

Ciervo almizclero siberiano/ Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)

Length: 86 – 100 cm Height: 56 – 67 cmInstead of antles it has two prominent, tusk-like canine teeth, which protrude below the lower jaw.

Saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica)

Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus przewalskii)

Mongolian Gazelle (Procapra gutturosa)

Page 11: Fauna de Mongolia

Alce / Eurasian Elk (Alces alces)

Length:240 - 310 cm Shoulder height: 140 - 235 cm Weight: 200 - 825 kg

Wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus)

Mamíferos · Ungulados d Mamíferos · Roedores k

Reno / Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)

Siberian Ibex (Capra sibirica)

Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)

Argali Sheep (Ovis ammon)

Moose (Alces americanus)There is much debate over whether the moose and the Eurasian elk constitute separate species. The two di�er in features of the skull and antlers, in colouration and in chromosome number.There is a broad zone of hybridization between the two forms in central Siberia and northern Outer Mongolia

Siberian Jerboa (Allactaga sibirica)

Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

Hairy-footed Jerboa (Dipus sagitta)

Lenght: 11.5 to 14.5 cmLenght: 23 to 31 cm

Midday Gerbil (Meriones meridianus)

Roborowski's Dwarf Hamster (Phodopus roborovskii)

Dwarf Hamster (Phodopus sungorus)

Siberian Marmot (Marmota sibirica)

Long-eared jerboa(Euchoreutes naso)

Tolai Hare (Lepus tolai) Long-eared Hedgehog /Erizo orejudo (Hemiechinus auritus)

Mongolian Pika (Ochotona pallasi)

Length: 25 cm