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정상간초음파스캔 - 간초음파 정도관리와 표준검사법 - 순천향대학교 부천병원 김영석

정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

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Page 1: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

정상간초음파스캔- 간초음파 정도관리와 표준검사법 -

순천향대학교 부천병원

김영석

Page 2: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Contents

• US anatomy of the liver (Anatomical scanning)

• Standard US scanning protocol for upper abdomen

(liver)

• How to scan the liver well with ultrasound

• National cancer screenign program (liver) & quality

control

• Take home messages

Page 3: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

ANATOMICAL SCANNING

US Anatomy of the liver

Page 4: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Couinaud’s Segmental Anatomy

PV: superior & inferior segments

Portal Vein (PV)

Lt. horizontal portion

Lt. umbilical portion

Right MPV

Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV

Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV

Hepatic Vein (HV)Middle HV: Rt. & Lt. lobeRt. HV: Ant. & Post. Seg (Rt. lobe)Lt. HV: Med. & Lat. Seg (Lt. lobe)

MHV

RHV

LHV

IVC

복부초음파진단 심찬섭

Page 5: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Couinaud Segments - Model of the Right Hand -

• The thumb represents the caudate lobe positioned• Right (R), middle (M), and left (L) hepatic veins demonstrating

the 4 hepatic divisions• Posteriorly proximal interphalangeal joint represents the plane in

which the portal vein branches run Arch Surg. 2012;147(8):692-693

Page 6: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Hepatic Veins (Right Subcostal Scan)

RHV

MHVLHV

Ant seg

Post seg

Med seg

Lat seg

LHVMHV

RHV

Med segLat seg

Ant seg

Post seg

PV

Page 7: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

S1

S7

S6

S5S4

S3

S2

Portal Veins (Right Subcostal Scan)

RPV

LPV HU

Page 8: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Which lobe?

• Right lobe vs. Left lobe

• Caudate lobe (S1)

• Left lobe

– Lateral segment (S2 & S3) vs. Medial segment (S4)

• Lateral segment

– Superior (S2) vs. Inferior (S3)

• Right lobe

– Anterior (S5 & S8) vs. Posterior (S6 & S7)

– Superior (S7 & S8) vs. Inferior (S5 & S6)

Page 9: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Which Lobe?

Right lobe vs. Left lobe

Page 10: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Lig. venosum

Lig. teres

Colic impression

Rt. Hepatic lobe

Gallbladder

Cystic artery

CBD

Caudate lobe (S1)

Quadrate lobe (S4)

Fissure for Lig. teres

Hepatic artery

Inferior margin

Caudate process

Omental tuber of liver

Gastric impression

Esophageal impression

IVCLig. venae cavae

Bare area

Duodenal impression

Adrenal ligament

Coronary ligament

Renalimpression

Portal vein

The liver, Inferior View

Cantlie Line

Page 11: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Cantlie Line – GB & IVC

Lt lobe

Rt lobe

GB

IVC

복부초음파진단 심찬섭

Page 12: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Cantlie line

Right & Left Lobe of Liver

Middle hepatic vein

Main interlobar fissureMajor fissure

Lt lobe

Rt lobe

GB

IVC

Projection from Rt. Main PV to GB neck

Projection from IVC to GB neck

Page 13: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Which Lobe?

Caudate lobe (S1)

Page 14: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Caudate Lobe (S1) IVC & Lig. Venosum

S4

S2

S3

LHV

lig. venosum

Page 15: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Which Lobe?

Left lobe

Lateral segment (S2 & S3)

vs. Medial segment (S4)

Page 16: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Left Medial Segment (S4)

Middle Hepatic Vein & Left Hepatic Vein

S4S3

MHV

LHV

Page 17: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Left Medial Segment (S4)

Main Lobar Fissure & Lig. Teres

S4 S3S4

Lig. Teres

S3

Page 18: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Which Lobe?

Lateral segment

Superior (S2) vs. Inferior (S3)

Page 19: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Left Lateral Segment (S2 & S3)S2 (supero-posterior) & S3 (infero-anterior)

LHV LHV

S2

S3

S2

S3

Dean Smith et al. J Ultrasound Med 17:375–381, 1998

Page 20: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Which Lobe?

Right lobe

Anterior (S5 & S8) vs. Posterior (S6 & S7)

Superior (S7 & S8) vs. Inferior (S5 & S6)

Page 21: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Right Lobe, Ant. & Post SegmentRight Hepatic Vein

S5 (anteroinferior), S6 (posteroinferior),

S7 (posterosuperior), S8(anterosuperior)

S5

S6 S7

anterior

posterior

RHV

MHV

Page 22: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Right Lobe Posterior Segments

GB : subcostal scan

Rt PV의 horizontal portion의기시부

Posteroinferior (S6)

Posterosuperior (S7)

S6

S7

S5

Page 23: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Oblique View of Right Lobe

MHV

RHV

Rt. PV

S8

S5

S7

S6 GB

Rt. kidneyIVC S7

S6

S8

S5

RHV

MHV

Rt. PV

Page 24: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Right LobeIntercostal Scan (I)

Rt. Lobe Anterior Segmentsanteroinferior(S5), anterosuperior(S8)

S5

S8

S5

S8

IVC

Ant. Br of PV

P8

P8

P5

RHV

Page 25: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Right LobeIntercostal Scan (II)

Rt. Lobe, Posterior SegmentsS6 (posteroinferior), S7 (posterosuperior)

IVC

RHV

GB

P6

P7

P8

P5

Rt. PV

Rt. Ant. PV

Rt. post. PV

Page 26: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Right LobeIntercostal Scan (III)

S5 (anteroinferior), S6 (posteroinferior),

S7 (posterosuperior), S8(anterosuperior)

S6

S5

Rt. HV

RHV

Page 27: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

LIVER

Standard US Scanning Protocol for Upper Abdomen

Page 28: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

상복부 초음파 표준영상 (일반)

1. 췌장두부의 횡스캔

2. 췌장체부, 미부의 횡스캔

3. 비장의 장축스캔

4. 우간하부와 우측신장피질의

관상면 스캔

5. 간좌엽의 종스캔

6. 간좌엽의 횡스캔

7. 간정맥의 늑간하 스캔

8. 간우엽의 횡스캔

9. 간우엽의 늑간스캔

10. 담낭의 장축

11. 간외담관의 종스캔

12. 간우엽의 상부

Page 29: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

상복부 초음파 표준영상 (정밀)

1. 췌장두부의 횡스캔

2. 췌장체부, 미부의 횡스캔

3. 비장의 장축스캔

4. 우간하부와 우측신장피질의

관상면 스캔

5. 간좌엽의 종스캔

6. 간좌엽의 횡스캔

7. 간정맥의 늑간하 스캔

8. 좌우간문맥 분지의 횡스캔

9. 간우엽의 횡스캔

10. 우간문맥을 포함한 간우엽의

늑간스캔

11. 우간정맥을 포함한 간우엽의

늑간스캔

12. 담낭의 장축

13. 간외담관의 종스캔

14. 간우엽의 상부

Page 30: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

1. 췌장두부의횡스캔

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 31: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

2. 췌장체부, 미부의횡스캔

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 32: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

3. 비장의장축스캔

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 33: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

4. 우간하부와우측신장피질의관상면스캔

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 34: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

5. 간좌엽의종스캔

Modified adopted from dekiruzo yomeruzo fukubu eko, Shigeru Nakamura

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 35: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

6. 간좌엽의횡스캔

간, 담낭, 담도, 비장 췌장의 표준영상

Left PV P2

P3P4

Umbilical portion of PV

Page 36: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

7. 간정맥의늑간하스캔

Modified adopted from dekiruzo yomeruzo fukubu eko, Shigeru Nakamura

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 37: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

8. 좌우간문맥 분지의 횡스캔

초음파 검사실행 가이드라인 2014Modified adopted from dekiruzo yomeruzo fukubu eko, Shigeru Nakamura

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 38: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

9. 간우엽의횡스캔

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 39: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

10. 우간문맥을포함한간우엽의늑간스캔

Modified adopted from dekiruzo yomeruzo fukubu eko, Shigeru Nakamura

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 40: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

11. 우간정맥을포함한간우엽의늑간스캔

Modified adopted from dekiruzo yomeruzo fukubu eko, Shigeru Nakamura

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 41: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

12. 담낭의 장축

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 42: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

13. 간외담관의 종스캔

상복부 초음파 표준영상

Page 43: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

14. 간우엽의상부

간, 담낭, 담도, 비장 췌장의 표준영상

Page 44: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Main Today’s Talk

How to scan the liver well

with US

Page 45: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

Main Today’s Talk

How to scan the liver well

with US

US Anatomy of Liver

Avoid US Diagnostic

Error

Clinical Information

Page 46: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

True lesion

Scan(-)Perception(-)Interpretation(-)

Missing

False Lesion

Normal variationArtifactsPseudolesions

Misdiagnosis

US Diagnostic Error

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Causes of Missing/Misdiagnosis

1. Physicians

– Improper use of US equipment & setting

– Improper scan technique & Incomplete scan

– US artifacts & pseudo-lesions

– Lack of US and medical knowledge

2. Patients

– Poor sonic window

: Blind points. Bowel gas, Ascites, Obesity, Shrunken liver

– Vagueness of lesion

• small or isoechoic lesions

Page 48: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

IMPROPER USE OF US EQUIPMENT & SETTING

Physicians

: Diagnostic Errors

Page 49: 정상간초음파스캔imedimp4.castcity.net/kacu/20190609/ba12/02.pdf · Right MPV Rt. Post. Segmental branch of PV Rt. Ant. Segmental branch of PV Hepatic Vein (HV) ... 692-693

IMPROPER SCAN TECHNIQUE

Physicians

: Diagnostic Errors

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Transducer Manipulation

rocking

slidingsweeping

tiltingrotation

compression

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Supine Position

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Sweeping

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Tilting: Midline Longitudinal Scan

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Proper Scanning for Left Lateral Segment (S2 & S3)

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Swing

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Sliding

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Rotating

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Tilting: Intercostal Scan

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Intercostal Scan: Tilting

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Rocking: Intercostal Scan

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Tilting & Rocking: Intercostal Scan

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INCOMPLETE SCAN

Physicians

: Diagnostic Errors

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Incomplete Scan

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Lateral Segment Scan

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Change Position & Scan Direction

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Anechoic Lesion in Liver

HCC masked by Hepatic Cyst

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위, 아래, 위 위 아래 ♬♬

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BLIND POINTS

Patients

: Diagnostic Errors

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Blind Points

복부초음파진단 심찬섭

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Poor Echo Window d/t Lung

Respiration

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Blind Spot (Dome)

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Blind Spot (Tip of S6)

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Blind Point (Lateral segment)

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국가암검진

• 암을 조기에 발견하기 위한 국가암검진 방법

1. 선별검사 (screening): 일반인을 대상

2. 감시검사 (surveillance): 암의 발생 위험이 높은 대상을 선정하여 이들을반복적으로 추적∙관찰

• 간암의 경우 위험군이 비교적 분명하므로이들을 대상으로 감시검사를 하는 것이효율적

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Surveillance for HCC Reduces Mortality : 37%

Zhang BH, et al, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2004

0

Time (Years)

1 2 3 4 50

.8

.6

.2

.4

ScreeningS

urv

ival P

roba

bili

ty (

%) Control

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국가 간암검진 : Since 2003

• 대상

– 간경변증

– 만성 B형 간염

– 만성 C형 간염

• 나이: 40세 이상

• 방법: USG & AFP / 6 month from 2016

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현재 국가 간암검진방법이 효과적 ?

• 간암진단 방법이 다양

• 검진 방법에 따른 수검율이 낮다

• 한국 유일: 국가단위의 간암검진

간암검진방법의 효과적인 질관리가 요구

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현재 국가 간암검진방법 질지침

• 장비연한이나 최소 규격이 정해지지 않음

• 기본적 장비 성능평가는 팬텀을 이용하여 평가

• 10년 정도 사용한 기기는 정밀점검을 권장한다.

- 팬텀 영상 평가: ATS-539 다목적 초음파 팬텀

- 임상 영상 평가

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초음파 장비 품질검사

과거 품질기준

1. 스펙 사양

– TX 채널수

– 컬러모드

– 트랜스듀서 엘리멘트수

– 디지털 채널수

2. 해상도 측면

– 표준팬텀 해상도 측정

초음파 장비의고사양화

과거 기준들이 더 이상객관적이지 않다.

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임상 영상평가: 적합판정

• 2015년에 새롭게 개정된 평가표에서는 10개의

표준영상획득을 강조하여서 이것에 대한 배점을

89점으로 하고, 기본사항과 일반 촬영정보를

21점으로 하여 총 110점 만점

• 총점의 60%인 66점 이상 획득해야 적합한

것으로 평가

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임상 영상 평가부문

1. 기본사항– 시설 및 인력 (의사 직접시행및 판독 여부), 교육,

– 판독소견서: 검사를 시행한 의사가 영상 진단 결과지를 작성

2. 일반촬영정보– 검사표지 (환자이름, 성별, 나이, 환자번호, 검사날짜, 검사기관, 검사자

이름 혹은 기호, 필름에 직접기입여부)

3. 영상화질관리– Element 손상여부

– 표준영상: 해부학적 구조물이 전장에 걸쳐서 잘보이냐, 밝기와 대조도, 깊이조절, 허상의 유무

검진기관에서 검사를 시행하는의사는 최근 3년 이내에간초음파 검사방법에 대한교육을 이수하였는가? 배점 2점

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간초음파 교육질관리

• 검사의사에 대한 교육

- 국가 암검진 질 향상 교육 (국립암센터 운영)

교육홈페이지: http://neweducation.ncc.re.kr

- 각 초음파관련 학회에서 주관하고 국립암센터에서

인정하는 간초음파 관련 교육 이수

- 암검진기관 평가에서 나쁜 점수가 나온 경우에는

멘토링 프로그램이나 핸즈온 워크샾

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Take Home Messages

• Examine in a routine, consistent order according to one's individual style

• Look at the big picture first, and then the details

• Control the respiration of patients

• Change the patient's position

• Manipulate sonic probe

• Detection >>> determination of location