y~w O H d m k i x j ¾ O k i k a O d k h

ff;%udisl wOHdmksl mqj;a iÕrdj fofjks l,dmh 2017 uehs

CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj

2004 jif¾ iqkdñ ;;a;ajhg

miqj we;sjq oreKq;u

iajNdúl jHdikh jYfhka bl=;a uehs

udifha wjika Nd.fha Y%S ,xldfõ

Èia;%slal 10 lg buy;a n,mEula isÿl,

.xj;=r yd kdhhdï ;;a;ajh ye|skaúh

yelsh' rch úiska ksl=;a lrk ,o ks,

ixLHdf,aLk j,g wkqj fuu jHikh

ksid mqoa.,hska 212 la cSú;laIhg

m;ajQ w;r 630000 la n,mEug ,laúh'

fuu ;;a;ajh ksid isÿjQ foam< ydksh

;ju;a ;lafiarejla lr fkdue;'

iajNdúl wdmod ;;ajhka we;sùfï

m%jk;djka iy tajd isÿùfï jdr

.Kk iS>%fhka by<hdfï ;;ajhla

uE; b;sydifha myiqfjka ksÍlaIKh

l< yelshs'

wOHdmk wud;HdxYh ksl=;a l<

ixLHdf,aLkj,g wkqj r;akmqr"

ud;r" lE.,a, iy l¨;r Èia;%slalj,

mdi,a 146 lA iïmQ¾Kfhka fyda w¾O

jYfhka úkdYhg m;aù we;' r;akmqr

Èia;%slalfha mdi,a 65 la iïmQ¾Kfhkau

úkdYhg m;aù we;s w;r ud;r yd

l¨;r Èia;%slalj, mdi,a 34 lg

nrm;, w,dNydks isÿù we;' Èia;%slal

15 l mdi,a isiqka 120862 la fuu

iajNdúl wdmodfõ n,mEug ,la jQ w;r

fuu.ska urKhg m;a jQ isiqka ixLHdj

44 la fõ' wojk úg ld<.=Ksl iy

foaY.=Ksl ;;ajhka ms<sn|j ie<lsh

hq;= uÜgfï ksjerÈNdjhlska hqla;j

wkdjels m<lsÍug ;rï ;dlaIKh

ÈhqKq ù we;;a yÈisfha we;s jkakdjQ

iajNdúl wdmodj,g ishhg ishhla

id¾:lj uqyqK§ug lsisÿ rglg

yelsù ke;' tkuq;a wdmod i|yd fmr

iQodkï ùu" wdmod l<ukdlrKh

hk lafIa;%hka ys j¾Okh;a iu.ska

wdmodjka u.ska isÿjk cSú; yd foam<

ydks wjodkï wju lr.ekSug iuyr

rgj,a iu;a ù ;sfnk whqre ksßlaIKh

l< yelsh'

wdmodjka isÿjk wjia:djka

m%udKd;aulj jeäùu;a tfukau tu.ska

isÿjkakd jQ m%;súmdlj, n,mEu Èfkka

osk by<hdu;a ksid kùk úoHd;aul

fukau iïm%odhsl {dkiïNdrh

Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka iajNdúl wdmodjka

u.ska isÿjk wk;=re wju lr.ekSu

i|yd jQ ie<iqï ilia lsÍug n,OdÍka

läkñka lghq;= l< hq;=fõ' flfia

fj;;a fujeks iQodkula wm rfÜ

wdmod l<ukdlrKfha§ wOHdmkfha ld¾hhNdrh

3 jk msgqjg

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj

wfma oelau

cd;s" wd.ï" l=," NdId" iudc iy

wdndê; ;;ajhka fkdi,ld ish,q

fokdgu .=Kd;aul yd iudk

wOHdmk wjia:djka iy;sl lsÍu'

wfma fufyjr

ish,q fokdgu .=Kd;aul iy

iudk wjia:d iys; wOHdmkhla

iy;sl lsrSu i|yd cd;sl m%;sm;a;s

ilia lsÍug iy ls%hd;aul lsÍug

ìï uÜgfï isg cd;sl uÜgu olajd

isú,a iudc ixúOdk yd mqrjeishka

ueÈy;aùu msKsi n,mEï lsÍu yd

osrs.ekaùu o wOHdmksl ixj¾Okh

Wiiau m%ñ;Skaf.ka hq;=j ,nd

.ekSug isú,a ixúOdk yd

mqoa.,hka Èßu;a lsÍu

yv iÕrdj WmfoaYl uKav,h

K. D mSßia uy;d

jðr Wu.,sh uy;d

iqNød rdcisxy uy;añh

¨¾ÿ idñ uy;d

2

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh ;u

idudðl ixúOdk ixLHdj by< keùug

wfmalaId lrkq ,nhs' wOHdmk ixj¾Ok

lafIa;%fha l%shdldÍj iïnkaOùug

reÑl;ajhla olajk isú,a ixúOdk

j,g$mqoa.,hskag fï i|yd whÿï l<

yelsh' idudðl;ajh ,nd.ekSu i|yd

my; oelafjk wju iqÿiqlï imqrd,sh

hq;=fõ

wOHdmkh iïnkaOfhka •iafõÉPdfjka jevlrk m<mqreÿ

ixúOdkhla fyda mqoa.,fhla úh

hq;=h

ixúOdkhla kï rcfha wod< •wdh;khkays ^Èia;%sla f,alï

$m%dfoaYSh f,alï$iudc fiajd

wud;HdxYh& ,shdmÈxÑ ù ;sìh

hq;=h

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha

idudðl;ajh msßkeófï wjika

;SrKd;aul n,h wOHlaIl uKav,h

i;= nj lreKdfjka i,lkak' jeäÿr

f;dr;=re i|yd lreKdlr ÿrl;k

wxl 0112887642 Tiafia wm wu;kak

ke;akï wmg ,shkak wmf.a ,smskh

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh

wxl 439$6A

iqo¾Yk udj;

kdj, mdr' rdc.sßh

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh kj idudðlhska n|jd .ekSu

ixialdrl igyk

fuys m<jk ,smsj, wka;¾.; lreKq j, oelafjk woyia iy u; tu ,smsj,

l;Djreka fm!oa.,sl jYfhka orK tajdh' tajdfha wka;¾.; lreKq iy woyia

w;HdjYHfhkau wOHdmk ikaj¾Ok ikaOdkfha woyia fkdjk nj lreKdfjka

i,lkak'

wOHdmk fukau foaYmd,k

od¾Ykslfhl= jQ m%xY cd;sl cSka

celaúka rEfida .;a l;=jrfhl= o

úh' —tñ,a˜ hkq Tyq úiska rÑ; tla

wOHdmkh iïnkaO .%ka:hls' tñ,a

Tyqf.a mq;df.a ku jQ w;r tu .%ka:fha

wka;¾.;h jkafka ;u mq;%hdf.a

pß;h yd yeisÍï rgdj mokï lrf.k

tA Tiafia wOHdmkfha od¾Yksl lreKq

idlÉPdjg Ndckh lsÍuhs'

tu .%ka:fha tla od¾Yksl lreKla

i|yka lrkafka ;u mq;d jQ tñ,a úiska

isÿ l< jrolg rEfida úiska o~qjï ÿka

wdldrh úia;r lrñks'

tñ,a oÕldr orefjl= úh' tfukau

ls%hdYS,sh' lS%vdjg ,eÈh' Èkla Tyq

ñÿf,a fi,a,ï lrñka isáfhah' Tyqf.a

oÕldrlu ksidu Tyq .eiQ fnda, myrla

fya;=fjka ;u ksjfia cfka,hl jákd

ùÿrejla ì| jegqKs' ;ud l< jrfoys

nrm;,lu fjkqfjka ;u mshd ksjig

meñKs miq Tyqg fok o~qju ms<sn|

tñ,a l,amkd lrñka isáfhah'

ijia Nd.h jk úg ;u mshd ksjig

meñKsfhah' cfk,a ùÿrej ì|S we;s nj;a

th isÿ ù we;af;a ;u mq;d úiska .eiQ

fnda, myrla ksid nj;a rEfidag ±k

.kakg ,enqKs' ál fõ,djla .; jqj o

ta ms<sn|j rEfida lsishï ls%hdud¾.hla

.kq olakg fkd,enqKs' mshd orejdg

o~qjï fkdlsÍu .ek;a Tyqf.a

ksyeähdj .ek;a tñ,a ;=IaKsïN+;j

n,d isáfhah'

tÈk rd;S% ld,h t<eUqKs' rd;S% lEu

f.k wjika jQ miq ksjfia ish¨ fokd

kskaog hk fõ,dfõ § rEfida ;u mq;%

tñ,ag l;d lf<ah'

—wo uu mq;df.a ksok ldurh fjkia

lrkjd' wo mq;d ksod .; hq;af;a

fu;ekhs˜ hkqfjka w¨;ska iQodkï

l< we|la tñ,ag fmkakqï lf<ah' tu

we| ;nd ;snqfKa tñ,a w;ska ì|S .sh

cfka,h ;snQ ia:dkfha ì;a;sh wi,hs'

tñ,a tod ksod.kq ,enqfõ mshd úiska

iQodkï lr ÿka w¨;a we| u;hs'

w¨;ska ;kd ÿka wef|ys kskaog hdu

.ek tñ,a i;=gg m;a úh' tfia jqj o

uOHu rd;s%h t<efUk úg ì|S .sh

cfka,fhka we;=,ajk ±ä iS;, iq<Õ

iy we§ wd ysßlv ksid tñ,ag kskao

.sfha ke;' fndfyda fõ,djla hk;=re

±ä wmyiq;djfhka wef|ys tA fï w;g

fmrf<ñka isá tñ,ag hula wjfndaO

úh' tkï ;ud w;ska oyj,a isÿ jq jrog

;u mshd ÿka ksYaYío o~qju ú|skakg

isÿ jQ nj fukau ñka bÈßhg ;j;a

tjeks jerÈ isÿ fkdjkakg j.n,d

.kakd nj;a h'

ví úfcajka; fj,a,d,

(BA, DipEd, MA in Edu.) fld<U úYajúoHd,h

f,alï" wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh

rEfida orejkag o~qjï l< yeá

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj

olakg ,enqfka o hkak ms<sn| .eg¨

iy.;h' WodyrK jYfhka r;akmqr

k.rh wdY%s; m%foaYfha we;sjQ ;;ajh

ie,ls,a,g .; yelshs' ksß;È. fudaiï

jeis il%Sh jk ld,iSudfõ fuu

k.rhg c,.e,Sï ;¾ckhla we;sjk

nj jir .Kkdjl w;aoelSï ;sfí'

tfia kuq;a fujr we;sjQ c,.e,Sï

;;ajhka yuqfõo wod< m%foaYh uy;a

wdmodjlg ,laúKs' wdmod i|yd

fmr iQodkï ùfï hdka;%Kfha meyeÈ,s

ÿ¾j,;d ksÍlaIKh l< yelsúh' fuys§

fndfydaúg olakg ,enqfKa úêu;a

wdmod l<ukdlrK Wml%uhka Ndú;d

lsÍu fkdj ksis iïnkaêlrKhlska

f;drj yÈisfha isÿlrk ,o wdmod iyk

ie,iSfï l%shdud¾.hkah' fuu ;;ajh

fya;= fldgf.k iuyr m%foaYj,g

wjYH m%udKhg jvd iykdOdr yd

myiqlï ,eîu;a ;j;a m%foaYj,

jeishkag n,j;a wmyiq;djkag

,lajkakg;a isÿúh' flfia fj;;a

wdmod l<uKdlrKh hkak rch fyda

rcfha tla wdh;khla úiska ;ksju

l%shd;aul l< yels ld¾hhla fkdjk

w;r fï i|yd ish¨ wxYhkays ukd

iïnkaêlrKhla meje;sh hq;=h'

wdmod l<ukdlrKfha§ fmr iQodkï

ùu b;d jeo.;ajk w;r fï i|yd

ck;dj ±kqïj;a lsÍfï l%shdj,sfha§

wOHdmk lafIa;%hg jeo.;a fufyjrla

bgq l< yelsh' flfiafj;;a fuu

jeo.;a ld¾hhNdrh iïnkaOfhka

m%udKj;a wjOdkhla fï ;dla fhduqù

fkdue;' fuhg fya;=mdol jQ úúO jQ

lreKq w;r m%Odk jYfhka

1 wdmodjka l,d;=rlska isÿjk tajd

f,i ie,lSu

2 tajd úúO iajNdjhla .ekSu yd

3 úúO lreKq u; we;sùu;a tu.ska

úúO m%;sM, f.k§u;a hk lreKq

u; wdmodjka iïnkaOfhka .;

yels l%shdud¾. ksYaÑ; tajd úh

fkdyel hehs ks.ukh lsÍu ±laúh

yelshs'

wdmod l<ukdlrK ms<sn|j ck;dj

±kqïj;a lsÍfï§ úêu;a wOHdmkh

fukau wúêu;a wOHdmkh hk

fowxYhu jeo.;afõ' WodyrK jYfhka

iajNdúl wdmodjla isÿùfï .;s ,laIK

y÷kd.ekSug mßir wOHhkh"N+f.da,Sh

úoHdj ms<sn|j mdif,ka ,nkakd jQ

úêu;a wOHdmkfhka ,nd.kakd ±kqu

;=<skq;a mdrïmßl ±kqu iy w;a±lSï

weiqßka ,nkakd jQ mdßNdIsl {dk

iïNdrh ;=,ska o isÿl< yelsh'

fuu ,smsfha wruqK jkafka wdmod

wjulr,Su i|yd wOHdmk wxYfha

ld¾hhNdrh yd odhl;ajh ms<sn|j

idlÉPd lsÍuhs'

wdmod l<ukdlrKh iïnkaOfhka

úêu;a wOHdmkfha m%Odk;u

wdh;kh jHqyh jYfhka ie,lsh

yels mdi,a moaO;sh u.ska jeo.;a

fufyjrla bgqlr.; yelsh' wdmodjka

iïnkaOfhka m%cduÜgñka f;dr;=re

iDcqj yd blaukska ,nd.ekSug;a

tfiau f;dr;=re fnodyeÍug;a

mdi,a moaO;sh ld¾hlaIuj fhdod.;

yelsh' mdi,a úIhh ud,dj

u.ska isÿlrkq ,nk l%shdldrlï

iajNdúl wdmodjka wju lsÍu

iïnkaOfhka M,odhS l%shdud¾.hla

jkafka tu.ska Tjqka ,nd.kakd ±kqu

Tjqkaf.a mjq,a fj;o jHdma; ùu

ksidh'

mdi,a úIhh ud,djg wdmod fmriQodkï

ùu ms<sn| mdGud,d lreKq we;=<;a

lsÍu wdmod l<ukdlrKh i|yd

rgj,a fndfyduhla úiska wkq.ukh

lrkq ,nk M,odhS l%shdud¾.hls'

Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmk wud;HdxYho

2004 jif¾ we;sjQ iqkdñ wdmodjg

miqj wdmodjka i|yd fmriqodkïùu

ms<sn|j mdi,a úIhh ud,djg we;=<;a

lsÍug mshjr.kakd ,§' óg wu;rj

Ⱦ>ld,Sk fN!;sl úi÷ï jYfhka

mdi,a mßY%hka wdmod ;;ajhkag

Tfrd;a;=§ug iQodkï lsÍu i|yd

mshjr .Kkdjla .kakd ,§' fïjdg

f.dvke.s,s bÈlsÍu i|yd ia:dk

f;dard.ekSfï§ wdmodjkag ,laúh

yels ia:dk ms<sn|j ie,ls,su;aùu

yd wdmodjkag Tfrd;a;= fok mßÈ

f.dvke.s,s bÈlsÍï isÿlsÍu ms<sn|

úêúOdk mekùu fukau wdmodjka

we;sjqk wjia:dj,§ /iaúh hq;= ia:dk

tjeks wjia:djkays § wkq.ukh l<

hq;= lreKq jeks jeo.;a ud¾f.damfoaY

ieliSuo we;=<;a úKs' flfiafj;;a

bka wk;=rej fuu lreKq ms<sn|j

m%udKj;a wjOdkhla fhduq fkdlrk

,o wjia:d ksÍlaIKh l< yelsh'

wdmod ;;ajhka ys§ fndfyda úg

<uqka iy ldka;djka jeä jYfhka

wdmodjkag f.dÿreùfï wjodkula we;s

fldgila f,i ie,fla' fuu ;;ajhka

ksid wdmod ;;ajhka yuqfõ m<uqfjka

fidhdne,Sug ,lajkafka iy uqod.ekSfï

l%shdjkays § uQ,sl;ajh ,ndfokafka

<uqka iy ldkaa;djkagh' tfia kuq;a

<uqkag iy ldka;djkag wdmod ;;ajhka

ms<sn|j ±kqïj;a lrñka ck;dj tjeks

;;ajhka ms<sn|j wjêfhka ;eîug

jeo.;a ld¾hhNdrhla bgql< yelsh'

iajNdúl wdmodjka iïnkaOfhka

<uqka mdi,a wOHdmkfha§ m%udKj;a

±kqula ,nd ;sfnk wjia:djkays §

;uka wmodjkaf.ka fíÍ isàug iy

wfkla wh ±kqïj;alr Tjqka uqojd

.ekSugo l%shdl< yels nj fmkS f.dia

we;' fï iïnkaOfhka jk lÈu

WodyrKhla 2004 jif¾§ we;sjQ iqkdñ

wdmodj wjia:dfõ§ ;dhs,ka;fha

jd¾;d úKs' oi yeúßÈ ì%;dkH cd;sl

±ßhla ;u foudmshkao iu.ska 2004

jif¾ ;dhs,ka;fha fjr< wdY%s;

m%foaYhl ixpdrh lrñka isáhdh'

iqkdñ ;;ajhl§ we;súh yels iajNdúl

,laIK ms<sn|j fuhg i;shlg fmr

mdif,a § N+f.da,h úIhh hgf;a hï

±kqula ,ndf.k isá weh mßirfha

;;ajhka ksÍlaIKh lrñka iqkdñhla

meñfKk njg wjg isá msßi ±kqïj;a

lsÍug mshjr .;a;dh' wehf.a fuu

l%shdj ksid ixpdrlhska 100 fofkl=g

muK ;u cSú; fírd .ekSug yelsúh'1

wdmodjka i|yd fmr iqodkïùu yd

wdmod l<ukdlrKh ms<sn| wOHdmkh

,nd§u kshñ; mdi,a úIhhud,dj

u.ska fukau jevuq¨ lKavdhï

l%shdldrlï yd l%Svd jeks úIhh ndysr

l%shdldrlï u.skao iukaú; jQjla úh

yelsh' fujeks wdldrfha ixl,khla

;=,ska jvd;a M,odhS m%;sM, ,`.dlr.;

1 126UN/ISDR.: World disaster reduction campaign. Disaster risk reduction begins at school. Available at http://www.unisdr.org/eng/public_aware/world_camp/2006-2007/pdf/WDRC- 2006-2007-English-fullversion.pdf,2006 (Accessed on January 10.04. 2013).

3

wdmod l<ukdlrKh

iïnkaOfhka

wOHdmkfhka isÿl<

yels n,mEu úêu;a

wOHdmk l%shdj,shg

muKla iSudjQjla

fkdfõ' tÈfkod

cSú;fha hyNdú;djka

iïnkaOfhka ckiudch

mdrïmßlj w;aoelSï

;=,ska ,ndf.k ;sfnk

±kqï iïNdrh wdmod

l<ukdlrKfha oS

fhdod.; yelsfõ'

1 jk msgqfjka

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj

yelsjkq we;' j¾;udkfha olakg

,efnk wdmod;;ajhka f.ka ie,lsh

hq;= m%;sY;hla ñksia l%shdldß;ajhka

ksid we;s jk neúka mßir idOl

;srir wkaoñka ;ukag ys;ldó

wkaoug ilid .ekSug;a wk;=rej,ska

u.yßñka lghq;= lsÍug mqoa.,hd

yev.eiaùug;a mdi,a wOHdmkh

fhdod.; yelshsss' iajNdúl wdmod

ish,a, wmg keje;aúh fkdyels

kuq;a ta ms<sn|j ±kqïj;a fjñka tajd

je<elaùug wjYH l%shdud¾. .ekSug

m%cdj iún, .ekaùug uQ,sl wOHdmkh

fhdod.; yels neúka u;= wkd.;fha

we;s úh yels wmod wjodkï wjulr,Su

i|ydo mdi,a wOHdmkh M,odhSj

fhdod.; yels nj meyeÈ,sfõ'

wdmod wjodkï wju lr,Su i|yd

mdi,a fukau óg jvd fjk;a

udkhlska Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k

iïnkaO lr.; yelsfõ' wdmodjka

i|yd fmriQodkïùu wdmod wju lsÍu

yd l,ukdlrKh ms<sn|j isoaOdka;

yd m%dfhda.sl mdGud,djka wdrïN

lsÍug yd ta iïnkaOj úoHd;aul

m¾fhaIK isÿlsÍu i|yd Wiia wOHdmk

wdh;kj,g úêu;a fufyjrla isÿl<

yelsfõ'

wdmod l<ukdlrKh hkq úoHd úIhhg

muKla iSud jQ úIhh lafIa;%hla

fkdfõ' fï wkqj N=f.da,h" mßir

úoHdj" iudcúoHdj" ufkdaúoHdj"

ffjoH úoHdj" isú,a bxcsfkare"

ie,iqïlrKh" jdia;= úoHdj yd

lDIsl¾uh wd§ úIhh oyrdjkag wdmod

l<ukdlrK lafIa;%h ixj¾Okh lsÍu

ms<sn|j jeo.;a odhl;ajhka iemhsh

yelshs' mdi,a wOHdmkfha§ fuka

fkdj wod< lafIa;%h ms<sn|j .eUqßka

wOHhkh lsÍug;a wka;¾cd;sl

uÜgfï ±kqu .fõIKh yd m¾fhaIK

j, ksr;fjñka wdmod l<ukdlrKh

i|yd fláld,Sk yd §¾> ld,Sk úi÷ï

fidhd .ekSfï l%shdj,shg Wiia wOHdmk

wdh;kj, odhl;ajh ,nd.ekSu

yelsfõ'

wdmod l<ukdlrKh iïnkaOfhka

wOHdmkfhka isÿl< yels n,mEu

úêu;a wOHdmk l%shdj,shg muKla

iSudjQjla fkdfõ' tÈfkod cSú;fha

hyNdú;djka iïnkaOfhka ckiudch

mdrïmßlj w;aoelSï ;=,ska ,ndf.k

;sfnk ±kqï iïNdrh wdmod

l<ukdlrKfha oS fhdod.; yelsfõ'

wdmod i|yd fmr iqodkïùug iajNdúl

úm;a l,ska y÷kajd.ekSfï ;dlaIKhka

merKs ckiudcfha olakg ,eìKs'

mßirfha we;sjk .;s,laIKj,

fjkialï fukau .DydY%s; i;ajhskaf.a

yeisÍï j, fjkialï ksÍlaIKh

lrñka fuu ;;ajhka ms<sn|j wjfndaO

lr.ekSug Tjqka iu;ajQy' mßirh yd

ixfõ§Ndjfhka lghq;= lsÍu ;=,ska

mßirfhka yd iajNdúl isÿùï u;

isÿjkakdjQ wmodjkays n,mEu hï;dla

ÿrlg wju lr.; yelsnj wmf.a

ckiudch weiqßka ksÍlaIKh l<

yelsh'

jeys,sysKshka wyfia mshdir lrk rgdj

ksÍlaIKh lrñka j¾Idj we;sjk nj

mqfrdal:kh lsÍu" .jhka lE.eiSfï

iQúfYaIs ;;ajhka ksÍlaIKh lrñka

.xj;=r ;;ajhka we;súh yels njg;a

mQ¾j ks.ukj,g t<eöug Tjqka

iu;ajQy' mßir ;;ajhka ksÍlaIKh

lrñka ksh`. ;;ajhkag .e,fmk mßÈ

j.dl%u iy fNda. j¾. f;dard.ekSug

f.dùka iu;ajQy' j¾;udkfha <uqka

;u úêu;a mdi,a wOHdmkh ms<sn|j

muKla wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu;a mßirh

yd ixfõ§ fkdùu;a fya;= fldgf.k

b;d myiqfjka ,nd.ekSug yels ±kqï

iïNdrhla Tjqkaf.ka .s,syS hk whqre

meyeÈ,sj ksÍlaIKh l< yelsh'

wdmod l<ukdlrKfha§ iudc

m%d.aOkh tkï iudch mdrïmßlj

f.dvk.d.;a ±kqu ld¾hlaIu yd M,odhS

wkaoñka Ndú;d l< yelshs' fï i|yd

iudch úiska wkq.ukh lrkq ,nk

m%cd l<ukdlrK Wml%u y÷kd.ekSu;a

tajdg Èߧu;a isÿl< hq;=h' c,.e,Sï

;;ajhka we;sjQ jydu wdydr wfyakshla

we;sùu" ndysr m%foaYj,ska iykdOdr

iemhSug isÿùu iy tajd u;

iïmQ¾Kfhka hemSug isÿùu fuu m%cd

l<ukdlrK Wml%u iïnkaOfhka

ksis wjOdkhla fhduq fkdlsÍu u;

we;sù ;sfnk ;;ajhka f,i ye|skaúh

yelshs' jeä j¾Idm;khla we;sjk

ld,iSudjka" .xj;=r we;sùfï mQ¾j

,laIK jeks ;;ajhka ms<sn|j

l,a;shd yªkd .ekSfï iy tajdg

iQodkï ùfï mßphla me/kakka

;=< olakg yelsúh' wod< ld,fha§

m%fhdackhg .; yels mßÈ mjqf,a

idudcslhkag m%udKj;a jk l,a;nd

.; yels wdydr /ialr ;nd.ekSug

lghq;= lsÍfï mqreoaola merKs

ckiudcfha olakg ,eìKs' tfiau

c,.e,Sïj,ska úkdYhg m;aúh yels

foam< nvqNdKav wdrlaIdldÍ ia:dkj,g

f.k hdu jeks wdmod fmriQodkï ùu

wkq.ukh lrk ,§' tmuKla fkdj

c,.e,Sï ksid we;sjk m%;súmdl wd¾Ól

jYfhka m%fhdackj;a wkaoñka Ndú;d

l< wjia:do olakg yelsh' WodyrK

jYfhka .xj;=r we;sjQ ia:dkhkays

;ekam;a jk ueáj,ska .fvd,a

l¾udka;h i|yd Wmfhda.S lr.ekSu

.x.d c,h u.ska f.k tkq ,nk

ftkaøsh øjHj,ska ireidr ueá" mia

/÷kq m%foaY j.djka i|yd fhdod.ekSu

ie,lsh yelsshs'

mqoa.,hska fkdfhl=;a isoaëkaj,g

óg fmr uqyqK§fuka ,nd.;a ±kqu

iy w;a±lSï ;=,ska mjq,a iy m%cdjka

iajNdúl wdmodj,g Tfrd;a;=§fï

yelshdj ,ndf.k ;sfí' w;S;fha mjqf,a

idudcslhskaf.a ld¾hhNdrh wog jvd

fjkiajQ w;r iajNdúl wdmodjka

ms<sn|j tlsfkld yd f;dr;=re yqjudre

lr.ekSug Tjqkag ld,fõ,dj ;sìKs'

fuu.ska tjeks wjia:djka i|yd jvd;a

fyd|ska iQodkïùug Tjqkag yelsúh'

yqfol,d jQ cSú;hla .; lsÍu fjkqjg

iudc l%shdldrlï yd m%cd lghq;=j,g

ueÈy;aù kshe,S isàu u.ska ;u mjqf,a

idudcslhska iu.ska muKla fkdj ndysr

jeäysá mqoa.,hska iu.o iïnkaOù

±kqu yqjudre lr.ekSfï wjia:dj

Wodjk w;r fuu.ska ck;djg jvd;a

id¾:lj wdmodjkag uqyqKq§ug;a

yelsjkq we;' fï wkqj úêu;a iy

wúêu;a wdldrfhka ,nd.kakd

wOHdmkh ;=,ska iajNdúl wdmodjkays§

ck;djf.a Tfrd;a;=§fï Yla;sh

j¾Okh lsÍug yelsjk w;r fuu.ska

wjodku wju lr,Sug yelsjk nj

fmkShhs'

;srir ixj¾Ok wruqKq wxl 04 hgf;a

±lafjk ish¨fokd wka;¾lrKhjQ

iudk;ajfhka hq;a .=Kd;aul wOHdmk

wjia:djka wLKavj ,nd.ekSug

4

jeys,sysKshka wyfia

mshdir lrk rgdj

ksÍlaIKh lrñka

j¾Idj we;sjk nj

mqfrdal:kh lsÍu"

.jhka lE.eiSfï

iqúfYaIs ;;ajhka

ksÍlaIKh lrñka

.xj;=r ;;ajhka

we;súh yelsnjg;a mQ¾j

ks.ukj,g t,eîug

Tjqka iu;ajQy'

6 jk msgqjg

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 5

wOHdmk whs;sjdislï wdrlaId

lr .ekSfï§ isú,a l%shdldÍkaf.a

ld¾hNdrh ms<sno wOHdmk

ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha idudðl

ixúOdk ksfhdað;hska oekqïj;a

lsÍfï jevigykla miq.shod fld<U"

ol=Kq wdishd iyfhda.s;d wdh;kfha§

meje;aú‚'

wOHdmk m%;sixialrK ms<sno m;al<

cd;sl lñgqfõ ysgmq idudðlfhl=jQ

ks;s{ iurisxy .=Kfialr iy ,xld

.=re ix.ufha f,alï fcdaYma iagd,ska

hk uy;ajre iïm;aodhlhska f,i

iyNd.S jQ fuu jevigyfka§ wOHdmk

whs;sjdislï yd tu whs;sjdislï

wdrlaId lr.ekSug wod<j wjOdkh

fhduql< yels m%uqL ldrKd /ila

ms<snoj idlÉPdjg ,lajQ w;r tu

.eg¨ ch.ekSfï l%fudamdhhka ms<snoj

úfYaI lKavdhï idlÉPd lsysmhla o

tys§ isÿflß‚'

fï" tu jevuq¿fõ§ iïm;aodhlhska

bÈßm;al< woyia iy .eg¨ ch.ekSug

.;yels l%shdud¾. ms<snoj isú,a

l%shdldÍka bÈßm;al< fhdackd ms<sno

flá igykls'

wOHdmkhg mk;la fkdue;s ùu

b;du wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhla æ

- ks;s{ iurisxy .=Kfialr

—;ju;a wmg wOHdmkh iïnkaOfhka

mk;la kE' óg wjqreÿ 70 lg;a

l,ska 1939 § mkjmq wOHdmk wd{d

mk; ;uhs( wOHdmkh iïnkaOfhka

lsishï ú.%yhla lrkak ´k jqKdu wms

;ju;a mdúÉÑ lrkafka' fï wd{d

mk; fjkia lrkak úúO W;aidyhka

lsysmhlau l%shd;auljqKd' cd;sl

wOHdmk wdh;kfha ysgmq wOHlaI

ckrd,a Ô'î' .=Kj¾Ok uy;df.a

m%Odk;ajfhka wOHdmk fldñáhla od,d

b;du m%.;YS,S" tfiau mßmQ¾K flgqï

m;la yeÿjd'ta .ek md¾,sfïka;= uka;%S

lñgqjla iu.;a wm §¾> ld,hla jev

l<d' uu;a ta m%;sixialrK lñgqfõ

ysgmq idudðlfhla' ta;a th mk;la

njg m;ajqfKa kE' th rfÜ wOHdmkh

iïnkaOfhka b;du wjdikdjka;

;;a;ajhla—

—wd.u uq,alr.;a mdi,a ,xldfõ

wOHdmkfha ;sfnk m%Odk m%Yakhla' ta

<uhs okafka tl wd.ula .ek ú;rhs'

wfkla wd.ï .ek Tjqka lsisjlau okafka

kE' Tjqka ys;kak mqreÿfjkafka wd.u

uq,alrf.k' tal yßu nrm;, fohla'

wfma wOHdmkfha .=Kd;aulNdjh"

ir,j lshkjdkï fï bf.k .kak

foa úl=Kf.k lkak mq¿jkao lshk

m%Yakh .ek oeä wjOdkhla fhduq

úhhq;= fjkjd' ta jf.au m%d:ñl mdi,a

fjku mj;ajdf.k hdfï fhdackdj

jf.a lreKq /ila ms<snoj tu mk;g

we;=<;a jqKd'

—wOHdmkh lshkafka úNd. mdialrk

tl ú;rla fkfjhs' th mqoa.,fhl=f.a

Ôú;h yd iïnkaOhs' mer‚ hqksfi*a

jd¾;djl wOHdmkh yd <ore urK

wkqmd;h w;r iïnkaOh úia;rlr

;sfnkjd' tu jd¾;dj u.ska idlÉPd

lrkafka j;=lrfha wïud flfkl=g

<ufhla ,eì,d wjqreoaola we;=<;

ñhhdu iy wïudf.a wOHdmkh w;r

we;s iïnkaOh .ek' ta wïud Wiia fm<

iu;a kï <ore urK wkqmd;slh 0 hs'

ljodj;a biafldaf,a .syska ke;akï tu

urK wkqmd;h f.dvla by<hs' wïud

8 mdiakï" 10 mdiakï wd§ jYfhka

wïudf.a wOHdmkfha uÜgu wkqj

urK wkqmd;fha meyeÈ,s fjkialula

olakg ,efnkjd' fïl wOHdmkhg

iïnkaO ldrKhla' wïud bf.kf.k

;sfnkjdkï orejdf.a Ôj;aùfï whs;sh

iqrlaIs; fjkjd' wOHdmkh lshkafka

b;du úYsIag fohla'—

—wms <uhskaf.a wOHdmk ysñlï

rlskafka fldfyduo@ biafldaf,a tkafk

ke;s <uhs mdi,g f.kajd .kafka

fldfyduo@ ta <uhs mdi,a fkdtk

fya;= fudkjdo@ wdndê; <uhskag fydo

wOHdmkhla ,ndfokafka fldfyduo@

fï jf.a ldrKd .ek wjOdkh

fhduq lsÍu b;du jeo.;a' fld<U

wdkkao úoHd,fha" ke;akï kd,kao

úoHd,fha fyda rdclSh úoHd,fha <uhs

u. yef,kjo@ ta lshkafka

kduf,aLkfha ku ;sfhkjd¦ <uhd

biafldaf, fkdtk ;;a;ajhla

;sfhkjo@ tu úÿy,aj,g tjeks .eg¨

keye'

1939 wOHdmk wd{d mkf;a biafldaf,

tkafk ke;s <uhs mdi,g f.kajd

.ekSu ioyd kvq oeóug wjldY ;snqKd'

ta ú;rla fkfjhs¦ Tjqka mdi,g

fkdtk fya;= yÿkdf.k wjYHkï

<uhskag YsIH;aj ,ndfokak yelshdj

;snqKd' tu l%shdud¾.j, m%;sM, f,i

lkakka.r iufha wOHdmkfha úYd,

ÈhqKqjla we;sjqKd'

wo jkúg wfma wOHdmkfha m%fõYh

jeä jqKdg wOHdmkfha .=Kd;aulNdjh

ms<sno .eg¨ /ila mj;skjd' fnd/,af,a

biafldaf,a ,ndfok wOHdmkhhs

rdclSh úoHd,fha ,ndfok wOHdmkhhs

iudk keye' wOHdmk whs;sjdislï

ms<sno idlÉPd lrk úg fujeks

ldrKd /ila flfrys wjOdkh fhduq

lsÍug isÿfjkjd'—

—wOHdmkh f.dvkexùug kï iuyr

ud*shd mrdch lsÍu w;HdjYHhs'˜

- ,xld .=re ix.ufha f,alï fcdaYma

iagd,ska

wo wOHdmkh ;=< <uhskaf.a whs;sjdislï "

wOHdmk m%;sm;a;s jf.a ldrKd

.ek mq¿,a ixjdohla olakg keye' wo

foudmshka jeämsßila wOHdmkfhka

wfmalaId lrkafka m<uq jif¾§ w;am;a

lr.ekSug fkdyelsjQ mdi, ,nd.ekSu

ioyd YsIH;aj úNd.h iu;aùu"

w'fmd'i' idudkH fm< iu;aùu

iy w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< iu;aùu

muKhs'fuu u;jdoh wfkla me;a;g

yerùu;a myiq fohla fkfjhs' ,xld

.=re ix.uh f,i wm §¾> ld,hla ta

fjkqfjka úúO W;aidyhka /ila ord

;sfnkjd'

wo wOHdmkh ;=< úYd, ;r.hla

ks¾udKh ù ;sfnkjd' iuyr mdie,a

mgka.kafka Wfoa 6'30 g' wfkla

mdie,g jvd ;ukaf.a mdif,a

m%;sM, jeälr .ekSug úÿy,am;sjre

;rf.g Wfoa mdkaoßka mdi,g <uhs

f.kajkjd' mdi,a w;r ú;rla fkfjhs

¦l,dm uÜgug .shdu tajd w;r;a fï

;r.h ;sfhkjd' l,dmfhka tyd

wOHdmk whs;sjdislï wdrlaId lr.ekSfï§ isú,a l%shdldÍkaf.a ld¾hNdrh

—;ju;a wmg

wOHdmkh

iïnkaOfhka mk;la

kE' óg wjqreÿ

70lg;a l,ska 1939 §

mkjmq wOHdmk wd{d

mk; ;uhs(wOHdmkh

iïnkaOfhka lsishï

ú.%yhla lrkak ´k

jqKdu wms ;ju;a

mdúÉÑ lrkafka'

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 6

Èia;%sla uÜgfï§;a" m<d;a uÜgfï§;a

wOHdmkfha id¾:l;ajh uefkkafka

uq¿ukskau úNd. m%;sM, u;'

wfma ld,fha <uhs bf.k.;af;a

iduQyslj' mdie,a wdfõ ke;s flkdg

wfkldf.a fmd; fokjd' neß fohlakï

lsh,d fokjd' úNdf.È jqK;a ta ldf,a

W;aidy lf<a ish¨fokd iduQyslj

iu;afjkak' ta;a wo ta ;;a;ajh

uq¿ukskau fjkia' fï ;r.h ;=< <uhs

b;du wd;aud¾;ldóhs' .=rejre bv

ÿkak;a wo <uhs wfkldg fmkajkafka

kE' Woõ lrkafka kE' tfiau fuu

;r.h ksid fndfyda mdi,aj, ÿ¾j,

<uhs w'fmd'i' id'fm< úNd.hg bÈßm;a

lrkafka kE' ;ukaf.a mdif,a w'fmd'i'

id'fm< m%;sM, m%;sY;h wvqfjk ksid'

tjeks ;SrKhla u.ska orejdg úNd.

hg bÈßm;a fjkak ;sfnk whs;sh

wysñùug jvd úÿy,am;sjrhdg mdif,a

m%;sM, m%;sY;h /l.ekSu jeo.;a' fï

;;a;ajh ;=< <uhd iy .=rejrhd hk

fofokdu oeä wmyiq;djhlg m;aj

isákjd' wOHdmkfha l%shd;aulNdjh

.ek wm idlÉPd l< hq;af;a fuu miqìu

flfrys wjOdkh fhduqlrñkqhs'

fï jkúg ,xldfõ iuia: mdi,a

ixLHdj 10"162 la' ta w;ßka w'fmd'i'

Wiia fm< l,d" jdKsc" úoHd úIhOdrd

;=ku ;sfnk ^1AB& mdi,a ixLHdj

1"016 la' Wiia fm< l,d" jdKsc

úIhOdrd fol muKla ;sfnk ^1C&

mdi,a ixLHdj 1"805 la' ta wkqj 10"162

la jk iuia: mdi,a moaO;sfhka

Wiia fm< úIhOdrdj mj;akd mdi,a

;sfnkafka 2"821 la muKhs' b;sß mdi,a

7"341 u Wiia fm< fkdue;s mdie,a'

YsIH ixLHdj wkqj ie,l=j;a <uhs

1000 lg jvd isák mdi,a ;sfnkafka

iuia: mdi,a moaO;sfhka 1000 lg wvq

m%udKhla' mdi,a 1455 l isák YsIH

ixLHdj 50 g wvqhs' <uhs 51 - 100 w;r

m%udKhla isák mdi,a ixLHdj 1543 la'

<uhs 100 - 150 w;r m%udKhla isák

mdi,a ixLHdj 1176 la' wo wOHdmkh

iïnkaOfhka ish¨ ;Skaÿ ;SrK

.kafka by;ska ioyka l< mdi,a

1000 l muK m%udKh Èyd n,,hs' wms

w;HdjYHfhkau l;dl< hq;= fï rfÜ

mSä;" wjdis iy.; ;;a;ajhka hgf;a

Ôj;ajk whf.a orejka wOHdmkh

,nk fï l=vd mdi,a fkdi,ld yer

;sfnkjd'

cd;sl mdi,a iïnkaOfhkq;a fï

;;a;ajh wod<hs' ,xldfõ cd;sl mdi,a

ixLHdj 355 la' ta;a m<uq jirg isiqka

we;=<;a lsÍfï ;r.h ;sfhkafka w;s

ckm%sh mdi,a 36 l muKhs' WodyrKhla

f,i fldgfyak" wdu¾ ùÈh ykaÈfha

;sfnk fldgfyak u'u'ú .;af;d;a

th;a cd;sl mdi,la' Bg álla Wvg

.shdu ;j;a cd;sl mdi,la jk uqia,sï

úoHd,hla ;sfnkjd' ta;a fï mdi,a

folgu <uhs we;=<;a lr.ekSfï ;r.h

wod< fjkafka keye' w;s ckm%sh cd;sl

mdi,l .=rejrfhl= lsishï jxpdjlg

¥IKhlg yiqfj,d Tjqkag ia:dk

udreùula ,ndfokak ´k jqKdu fï

mdie,a cd;sl mdi,a f,i ie<flkjd'

miq.sh ld,fha mdi,aj,g <uqka

we;=<;a lsÍug wod<j kvq lsysmhla

fYa%IaGdêlrKhg bÈßm;aù ;snqKd'

ysgmq w.úksiqre ir;a tka' is,ajd

uy;a;h ta kvq ish,a, tlg wrf.k

<uqka we;=<;a lsÍu ms<sno m%;sm;a;shla

yokak lsh,d ckdêm;s f,alï ;=udg

kshul<d' ckdêm;s f,alï ;=ud"

Widú ksfhda.h wkqj tu m%;sm;a;sh

ieliSfï j.lSu cd;sl wOHdmk

fldñiug Ndrÿkakd'ta wkqj tjlg

cd;sl wOHdmk fldñifï ysgmq m%OdkS

uydpd¾h ta'ù'iqrùr uy;auhd we;=¿

msßila ta ms<sno m%;sm;a;shla yo,

ckdêm;s f,alï ;=udg Ndrÿkakd' ta;a

ta m%;sm;a;sh Widúhg bÈßm;ajqfKa

keye' ckdêm;s f,alï ;=ud Widúhg

Ndrÿkafka fjk;a ,shú,a,la'cd;sl

wOHdmk fldñiu yomq m%;sm;a;sfha

fï ish¨ ckm%sh mdi,aj, 1-5 jir

bj;alr,d m%d:ñl mdi,a moaO;shla

ieliSu .ek mq¿,aj idlÉPdlr

;snqKd'rfÜ fjkila we;slrkak"

wOHdmkfha fjkila we;slrkak

ckjdß 08 fjki iu. bÈßm;alrmq

Èk 100 jevms<sfjf,a 58-62 olajd

lreKq u.ska fuu .eg¨ j,g úiÿï

fiùfï wjYH;dj wjOdrKh lrñka

kj fhdackd bÈßm;alr ;sfnkjd' ta;a

ta ks¾foaY lsisjla m%dfhda.slj l%shdjg

kxjkak neye' Bg m%Odk;u fya;=jla

;uhs ,xldfõ mdi,a moaO;sfha mj;sk

wdos YsIH ud*shdj'cd;sl wOHdmk

fldñiug jvd fï ud*shd m%n,hs'

wOHdmkhg wod<j 2008$41 lsh,

pl%f,aLhla l%shd;aul fjkjd' ta

pl%f,aLh wkqj wdos YsIHhskag j¾;udk

YsIHhskaf.ka uqo,a tl;=lrkak neye'

ta;a wo fudlo fjkafka' mdi,a lShla

úúO .sKqï lShlg isiqkaf.ka uqo,a

tl;=lrkjo@ iuyr wdos YsIHfhd

riaidjla lrkafka kE' Wfoa bo, yjia

fjklï mdif,a k;rfj,d bof.k

úúO jHdmdrj, ksr;fjkjd' fïl

ud*shdjla'

fuu idlÉPd j,ska wk;=rej wOHdmk

ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh ;u wNsfoaYk

l%shdldrlïj, § m%uqLia:dkh ,ndÈh

hq;af;a l=uk wxYhka ms<sn|j o hkak

iïnkaOfhka idudcsl ixúOdkj,

woyia ,nd.kakd ,o w;r wOHmk

ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha uQ,sl;ajfhka

ilia lrk ,o wOHdmk m%;sixialrK

mk; l%shdjg kexùfuys,d lghq;= l<

hq;= nj nyq;rhlf.a u;h úh'

wdkkao chfialr

—wd.u uq,alr.;a

mdi,a ,xldfõ

wOHdmkfha ;sfnk

m%Odk m%Yakhla'ta

<uhs okafka tl

wd.ula .ek ú;rhs'

wfkla wd.ï .ek

Tjqka lsisjlau okafka

kE' Tjqka ys;kak

mqreÿfjkafka wd.u

uq,alrf.k'tal yßu

nrm;, fohla'

wjia:dj ie,iSu h:d¾:hla lr .ekSu

i|yd thg iu.dój l%shdjg kexúh

hq;= wfkla wruqKq w;r iajNdj O¾uh

yd mßirh ms<sn|j iDcqju iïnkaOjk

wruqK wxl 13 ld<.=Ksl fjkialï

iy 15 ffcj úúO;ajh" jk.yKh iy

12 jeks wruqK ;sridr mßfNdackh iy

ksIamdokh hk lreKq iïnkaOfhka

±ä wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=fõ' ish¨

fokdg wdrlaIdldÍj iqjmyiq f,i

cSj;aúh yels f,djla f.dvkexùu

i|yd mßirh iqrlsk mßir ys;ldó

ck;djla ìyslsÍfï jeo.;alu yuqfõ

thg wod< ±kqï iïNdrh fm%aIKh

lsÍu iy wdl,am ixj¾Okh l<yels

tlu udOHh jkafka wOHdmkhhs'

fï wkqj mdi,a úIhh ud,djg wdmod

l<ukdlrKh iïnkaOfhka jk

kùk;u ;dlaIKsl lrKq we;=<;a

lsÍug;a tajd m%dfhda.slj l%shdjg

kexùug wëlaIKh lsÍug wOHdmk

n,OdÍka lghq;= l< hq;=h' fuys§

Wiia wOHdmk wdh;kj, iydh

iy iïnkaêlrKh ,nd .ekSug;a

tfukau iudc m%d.aOkh ;=< .eíj

mj;sk wdmod l<ukdlrK ±kqï

iïNdrh wmf.a kQ;k mrmqrg

,nd.ekSug yelsjk wdldrhg;a lghq;=

lsÍu;a Tjqkaf.a j.lSuhs'

Ydka; l=,;=x.

4 jk msgqfjka

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 7

—wfma fmd;a ;uhs n,.;=u wdhqO'

tla <ufhl=g" tla .=rejrfhl=g" tla

fmd;lg" mEklg f,dalh fjkia

lrkakg mq¿jka' wOHdmkh ;uhs tlu

úi÷u' m<uqj wOHdmkhhs˜

u,d,d hqiqmaidhS

rgl wOHdmkh hkq tu rfÜ wkd.;h

;SrKh lrk m%Odk idOlh jqjo

f,dalfha rgj,a 40] la ;ju;a isákafka

wOHdmkh ms<sn| ;srir ixj¾Ok b,lal

ch .kakd ;ekl fkdfõ' ÿmam;alu"

iudkj fkdie<lSu wd§ ldrKd ksid

;ju;a mdi,a wOHdmkh wysñ ñ,shk

ixLHd; orejka f,dj mqrd fjfia'

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ixLHd

f,aLkj,g wkqj f,dalfha ñ,shk

57 la jQ orejkag m%d:ñl wOHdmkh

wysñ ù we;' fï w;r nyq;rhla

isákafka ;%ia;jdoh iy wka;jd§

ls%hdldrlï ksid wOHdmk wjia:djka

wysñ jQ orejkah' mlsia:dkfha iy

we*a.ksia:dkfha ;%ia;jdoh iy hqO .egqï

ksid orejkaf.a mdi,a .uk k;r

lsÍug isÿ ù we;' khscSßhdfõ wka;jd§

fndfldyrdï ;%ia;jd§ka È.ska os.gu

m%ydr t,a, lrkqfha mdi,a iy mdi,a

<uqka b,lal lr f.kh' orejkaf.a

wOHdmkh fjkqfjka f.khk igk

f.da,Sh uÜgñka isÿl< hq;af;a tA

ksidh'

f,dal b;sydifha m%:u j;djg tlai;a

cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha ,dnd,;u idu

¥;sldj ùfï Nd.Hh mlsia:dkfha

fkdfn,a idu iïudk,dNS u,d,d

hqiqmaidhSg miq.sh od ysñ jQfha wOHdmkh

i|yd .eyeKq <uhskag we;s whs;sh

fjkqfjka l< lemlsÍu fya;=fjks'

2008 j¾Ifha ;f,andka ixúOdkh

mlsia:dkh ;=< n,h m;=rjñka isá w;r

lsisu .eyeKq <ufhl= mdi,a fkdhd

hq;=h hk kS;sh f.k tñka 2009 jif¾

wka;jd§ka mlsia:dkfha ldka;d mdi,a

jid ouk ,È' tfldf<dia yeúÈß u,d,d"

fmd;a" mEkaj,ska wka;jd§ka ìh .ekaúh

yelsh hk i;Hh f;areï .ksñka

ldka;djkaf.a wOHdmkh ,eîfï whs;sh

fjkqfjka È.ska È.gu igka l<dh' tys

m%;sM,hla f,i 2012 T;af;dan¾ 09 jk

Èk weh ;f,andkajrekaf.a l=ßre fjä

myrlg ,la úh' ±ä widOH ;;ajhl miq

jqj o ldka;d wOHdmk whs;sh fjkqfjka

weh l< lemlsÍu mrdch lsÍug fkdyels

jQ wka;jd§ka wehg fYa%IaG;ajfha fodrgq

újr lr ÿkafkah'

2013 cq,s 12 jk Èk tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

;reK iuq¿j wu;ñka u,d,d úiska l<

foaYkh f,dal kdhlhkaf.a wjOdkh

Èkd .;a;dh'

—wka;jd§ka wOHdmkhg" fmd;aj,g iy

mEkaj,g ìhla olajhs' ñksiqka ±kqu

wjfndaOh ,eîu wka;jd§ka ìhg m;a

lrjhs' tfiau Tjqka ldka;djkag o ìh

fõ' ta f,dj mqrd kQ.;anjg" È<s÷njg"

;%ia;jdohg tfrysj Tjqka ke.S isák

neúks' wms wfma fmd;a mEka w;g .ksuq'

wms i;= m%n,u wúh jkafkA tajdh' ukao

.=rejrfhl=g" fmd;lg" mEklg uq¿

f,dalhla fjkia l< yelsh˜

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha

f.da,Sh wOHdmk iuq¿fõ m%:u

ixj;airh wu;ñka weh ;jÿrg;a

f,dal kdhlhkaf.ka b,a,d isáfha

;%ia;jdofhka mSvd ú|sk rgj, orejkag

;=jlal=" hqO gexls fjkqjg fmd;am;a"

mEka iy .=rejreka tjk f,ihs' ish¨

rgj, wdKavq iEu <ufhl=gu ksoyia

wOHdmkh i|yd we;s whs;sh iqrËs;

lsÍug lemúh hq;= njhs' ixj¾Okh

fjñka mj;akd rgj, .eyeKq <uhskaf.a

wOHdmk wjia:d mq¿,a lsÍu i|yd lghq;=

l< hq;= njhs'

flfia kuq;a <ud wOHdmkhg l<

úYsIag fiajh fjkqfjka 2014 fkdfn,a

idu ;Hd.h mlsia:dk cd;sl u,d,d

hqiqmaidhsg ysñ jkafka fkdfn,a ;Hd.h

,o ,dnd,;u ±ßh f,i f,dal b;sydihg

tla fjñks' fkdfnda od tkï 2017 wfma%,a

10 jk Èk weh idu ¥;sldjl f,i kï

lrñka tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd f,alïjrhd

m%ldY lf<a u,d,d ieug wOHdmkh

hk ixl,amfha ixfla;hla jk njhs'

ixj¾Okh jk rgj, orejkaf.a wOHdmk

wjia:d mq¿,a lsÍu i|yd weh f.khk

f.da,Sh igk fiiq rgj, kdhlhkag

wdo¾Yhla jkafka tA ksidh' wOHdmkh

ms<sn| ;srir ixj¾Ok b,lal ch

.kakd igk wdKavqfõ muKla fkdj

th ish¨ mqrjeishkaf.a j.lSu jkafkah'

ukao .=rejrfhl=g" fmd;lg" mEklg

uq¿ f,dalhla fjkia l< yelsh'

Èks;s w,ymafmreu

jevigyka iyldßkS

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh

.=rejrfhl=g" fmd;lg" mEklg uq¿ f,dalhla fjkia l< yelsh

u,d,d hqiqmaidhS

wo mqrjeis iudch" isú,a iudch"

mqrjeis whs;sjdislï" isú,a whs;sjdislï

ms<sn| j fndfydafokd l;d lrk nj

woyia bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk nj olakg

we;' kuq;a mqrjeis iudch .ek l;d

lrk úg m%Odk wNsfhda. folla oelsh

yelsh' thska m<uqjekak fuu ixl,amh

wmeyeÈ,s ùuhs' fldákau ta ms<sn|

fmdÿ meyeÈ,s tla ksYaÑ; tlÕ;djhla

fkdue;s ùuhs'

fojekak wjYH kdhl;ajh iemhSug

fkdyelshdjhs' tä;r isú,a iudc

l%shdldß;ajhlg yriaj iy m<,aj

úYd, b,a¨ula ;snqko tu wjYH

b,a¨ug wjYH kdhl;ajh iemhSug

iudchg yelshdjla ke;' tfia

fkdue;s kï ta b,a,Sug iß,k m%;spdr

oelaùug b;du;a È.= ld,hla .ekSula

f,i fuh meyeÈ,s l< yelsh'

mqrjeis iudcfha tfia fkdue;s kï

isú,a iudcfha ixúOdkhla f,i

ms<s.kakg kï tu ixúOdkh my;

i|yka ks¾Kdhl meyeÈ,s f,i

iïmQ¾K fldg ;sìh hq;=h'

m<uqjekak thg mqrjeis oelaula o ;sîuhs

fojekak thg iodpdrd;aul o

whs;shla$ wêldßhla ;sîuhs

;=kajekak w;sYhskau iajdëk o .;ùfï ,laIKhhs'

isõjekak mqrjeishka fm<k ´kEu o n,fõ.hla iu. wr., lsÍuhs

miajekak úYajdikSh;ajhhso

wo l%shd;aul jk mqrjeis ixúOdk

fyda isú,a iudc ixúOdk fmr i|yka

wdldrfha tajdoehs wms wfmkau m%Yak

lr .ksuq'

l,dN+IK rdcH iïudk,dNS

fla' ä' mSßia

mqrjeis iudch wNsfhda. ch .ekSug ;rï mßk;o @

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 8

ñksidf.a cSú; ld,h ;=< b;du

iS>% j¾Okhla isÿjk ta jdf.a u

wkd.;hg ;SrKd;aul n,mEula isÿ

l< yels wjêhla f,i “uq,a <udúh˜

y`ÿkd f.k we;' <ore wjêfha

jákdlu jgydf.k Tjqkaf.a mQ¾K

j¾Okhla we;s lsÍu i`oyd .; hq;= l%shd

ms<sfj; flfrys jvd;a jeä wjOdkhla

fhduq jQfha cska cela úkarEfida"

fldñkshia" udßhd fudkaáfidaß jeks

od¾Ykslhkaf.a yd wOHdmk{hkaf.a

u; iudch ;=< jHdma; ùu;a iu. h'

wjqreÿ 05 olajd ld,h “uq,a <udúh” f,ig w¾: .kajd we;' ta wkqj

orejdf.a mQ¾K úNj;djhka ia:dms;

jk fuu ld, iSudj udkjhdf.a

ixj¾Okfha moku oefuk iaj¾Kuh

ld,h hs'

Y%S ,xldj ;=< wo jk úg b;du ckm%sh

l;sldj;la ieliS we;af;a uq,a <ud úh

ixj¾Okh ms<sn`oj h' fmr mdi,a jhia

iSudj f,i i<lkq ,nkafka orejdg

jhi wjqreÿ 02hs udi 06 isg wjqreÿ 05

w;r ld,h hs'

tod tkï 1920 jeks ld,fha § m%Odk

k.rj, muKla “fudkaáfidaß” kñka fmr mdi,a lsysmhla ;ks ;ks

mqoa.,hska úiska mj;ajdf.k hk

,È' fuh l%ufhka fifuka j¾Okh

fjñka 1960 - 1970 w;r ld,fha ;j

ÿrg;a l%shd;aul úh' ck;dj ;=< o

“fudkaáfidaß” jpkh yd tys l%shdoduh

ms<sn|j meje;sfha iSñ; wjfndaOhls'

1972 jir jk;=re uq,a <ud úh

wOHdmkh .ek t;rï Wkkaÿjla

fmdÿfõ rg ;=<u fkdùh' 1972 §

wOHdmk m%;sixialrK we;s jQ jirla

úh' tys § “Èú meje;aug bf.kSfï” jd¾;dj u.ska b;d jákd fhdackdjla

tla lr,Sh' tkï tys § orefjl=g

mdi,a wOHdmkh fuka u fmr mdi,a

wOHdmkhl wjYH;djh o fmkajd §

we;' tys ;j;a fhdackdjla u.ska uq,a

<udúh wOHdmkfha úYd, ke.aula rg

;=< we;s úh' th úêu;a mdi,g orejka

we;=¨ lr .kakd jhia uÜgu wjqreÿ

06 olajd §¾> lrk f,ig jQ fhdackdj

hs'

ta ksid fmr mdi,aj, wjYH;djh

jvd;a jeäfhka iudchg oefkkakg

úh' fmr i`oyka l< mßÈ 1972 ka miq

uq,a <ud úh wOHdmkfha iS>% ixj¾Okh

wdrïN jQjd hehs lSu hqla;s iy.;h'

1972 jif¾ § .%dóh yd w¾O kd.ßl

m%foaYhka ys wvq wdodhï,dNS orejka

b,lal lrf.k i¾fjdaoh wdh;kh

fmrmdi,a msysgq ùu wdrïN lsÍu jvd;a

hym;a ,laIKhla úh'

fuhg wdikak ld,fha§ u j;=lrfha

orejka i`oyd Èjd iq/l=ï uOHia:dk

msysgqjk ,os' miqj tajdfha o fmr mdi,a

wdrïN lrk ,È' ;reK l%sia;shdks

ix.uh o iuyr fiajl ix.ï o fï

lghq;a; wdrïN lrk ,È' tneúka

fuu wjêh uq,a <udúh wOHdmkfha

úldYk wjêhla nj mejiSu jvd;a

idOdrKh'

uq,a <udúh wOHdmkfha kj

ixj¾Okd;aul m%jk;d rdYshla 1978

isg we;s úh' tajd w;r"

1979 cd;Hka;r <ud j¾Ih f,i kï •lsÍu yd <ud f,alï ld¾hhd,hla

,xldfõ msysgq ùu u.ska <uqkaf.a

mQ¾j <udúfha wOHdmkh .ek

jvd;a jeäfhka idlÉPd úh'

1986 jir rch úiska fmr mdi,a •wOHdmkfha jákdlu y`ÿkd

.;a iqúfYaISS wjia:djla f,i

±laúh yelsh' tys § —uq,a <udúh

i;aldrh iy wOHdmkh˜ kï

jd¾;dj (Sessional Paper 111) md¾,sfïka;=jg bÈßm;a lrk ,È' ta

jk úg wOHdmk n,OdÍka jd¾;d

lrkq ,enqfõ m<uq jirg we;=<;a

jk orejkaf.a wdrïNl iQodku

fndfyda orejka ;=< my< uÜgul

mj;sk njh'

1987 rg mqrd m<d;a iNd msysgqjd •n,h úuOH.; lsÍu u.ska fmr

mdi,a wOHdmkfha j.lSu wod<

m<d;a iNd w;g m;a úh' fï ksid

m<d;a md,k wdh;k u.ska o fmr

mdi,a msysgqùfï l%shdj,sh fõ.j;a

úh'

1997 uydpd¾h ,laIauka ch;s,l •uy;df.a iNdm;s;Ajfhka mej;s

cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiu u.ska

m<d;a iNd yryd fmr mdi,a msysgq

ùu ffO¾hu;a lr,Sug fhdackdjla

bÈßm;a lr we;'

1990 isg <ud f,alï ld¾hd,h •iu. b;d iómj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a

<ud wruqo, (UNICEF) lghq;=

lr,Su u.ska mQ¾j <udúh

ixj¾Okfha m%.ukhg jvd;a

M,odhS lghq;= rdYshla isÿúKs' fuu.ska

fmr mdi,aj, .=Kd;aulNdjh

ÈhqKq lsÍug;a" tu .=rejreka mqyqKq

lsÍug;a wjYH WmlrK yd øjH

ixj¾Okhg uQ,H m%;smdok iemhSu

fï w;r m%Odk fõ'

thg wu;rj Y%S ,xldfõ fmr mdi,a

;=< <uhskaf.a /ljrKh iemhSu

ms<sn`o cd;sl wOHhkh ^2003& kï

jd¾;dj bÈßm;a lsÍu fuys m%.ukhg

jvd;a fya;=úh'

2004 j¾Ifha § uq,a <udúh •/ljrKh ms<sn`o cd;sl m%;sm;a;shg

jir 05 olajd jQ fiajdjka w;r fmr

mdi,a wOHdmkh we;=<;a lr,Su

o uq,a <udúh wOHdmkfha kj

ixj¾Okd;aul m%jk;d w;r jvd;a

jeo.;a tlls'

fï ish,a, ;=<ska Y%S ,xldj ;=< b;d

fõ.j;aj uq,a <udúh wOHdmkfha

ixj¾Okfha fmrux i<l=Kq igykaj

we;'

fla'tï' uyskao is,ajd

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh

wkqrdOmqr Èia;%sla iïnkaëldrl

Y%S ,xldfõ uq,a <udúh wOHdmkfha kj m%jk;d

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 9

mdi,a fkdhk orejka mdi,a

.;lsÍug fï i|yd oekgu;a wOHdmk

wud;HxYh u.ska wOHdmk fldÜGdi

uÜgñka fkdúêu;a wOHdmk jHdmD;s

ks,Odßjrfhla fldÜGdi ld¾hd,fha

fiajhg m;alr we;' tu ks,Odßhd

.%du ks,Odß jiï uÜgñka mdi,a

fkdhk orejka ms<sn| f;dr;=re

/ialrñka ,nd.;a o;a; wkqj mdi,a

fkdhk <uqka mdi,a .;lsÍug lghq;=

lrkq ,nhs' tfy;a fuh ;ju;a ishhg

ishhla id¾:lj l%shd;aul fkdfõ'

o;a; ksismßÈ fkd,eîu" mdi,a .;l<

orejka kej; weoye,Su" È<s÷nj fyda

uj orejd <Õ fkdue;sùu wdÈh Bg

fya;= fõ' fndfydaúg tu ks,Odßka

úiska mdie,a .;lrk orejka mdif,a

/£ isàfï m%jk;dj fnfyúkau wvq

uÜgul mej;Su olakg ,efí' fuhg

tu jHdmD;s ks,OdÍkag mj;akd

jD;a;Shuh .eg¨ fya;=fldgf.k

;ukaf.a fiajdjka iïnkaOfhka

mj;akd w;Dma;su;aNdjh o fya;= jkjd

úh yelsh'

tneúka Tjqka n,.ekaùu ;=<skao fuu

.eg¨jg hï úi÷ula ,nd.; yels hehs

fhdackd lrñ' mdie,a .;lrk orejka

wkqj Tjqkg Èߧukd fyda m%ido §ukd

f.ùu jeks wNsfma%rK ;=<ska Tjqka

Èß.ekaúh yels fõ'

mdi,a hk jhfia isák iEu ujlau

orejd <Õ fukau orejd iu. Ôj;a

fõ kï iy orejka ms<sn|j ksrka;r

fidhd ne,Sul ksr; fõ kï orejka

mdie,a heùu fndfydaÿrg bgqjk

nj wmf.a w;a±lSï wkqj fmkS hhs'

tjeks uõjreka i|yd oekqïj;a lsÍfï

jevigyka ;jÿrg;a meje;aùu .ï

uÜgñka l<hq;= fõ' orejdg wdorh"

/ljrKh" fmdaIKh ,nd§u wdÈh

ms<sn|j fouõmshka oekqïj;a lsÍug

.%duks,Odß iydh ,nd.ekSu iqÿiq fõ'

orejka mdi,a heùfï§ Tjqka wLKavj

mdi,a heùu" wOHdmk lghq;= ms<sn|j

fidhd ne,Su" idOk uÜgu wvq fõ kï

iy orejdg .=rejrekaf.a ksis wjOdkh

fhduq fkdfõ kï wjYH l%shdud¾.

.ekSug fouõmshkag mj;akd j.lSï

ms<sn|j oekqïj;a l<hq;= fõ' tfukau

wod< jevigykaj, m%.;Ska fidhdne,Su

yd miqúmrï wLKavj isÿúh hq;=h'

oßø;d iys; fouõmshka y÷kdf.k

orejkaf.a wjYH;d fjkqfjka

—i,dlhla˜ ,nd§u u.ska orejka

mdi,g tùu iy mdief,a r|jd .ekSug

hï úi÷ula ,nd.; yelsh' rcfha

me;af;ka j¾;udkfha§ ks< we÷ï

,nd§u" fm<fmd;a ,nd §u jeks m%Odk

ldrKd bgqjk w;r hï hï ld,j,§

mdmeÈ" im;a;= wdÈh ,nd §uo isÿúh'

flfiajqjo oßø;d iys; orejkag rch

md¾Yjfhka hï i,dlhka ,nd§u iqÿiq

jkafka M,hg fmr fya;=jg ms<shï

fh§u jvd;a id¾:l jkq we;s ksidfjks'

thg rcfha wjOdkh fhduqúh hq;=h'

tfiau .=reNj;=ka orejka ms<sn|

fkdi<ld yeÍu" hï hï o~qjï

,nd§u ;jÿrg;a isÿjk wjia:do we;'

iuyr orejka fldgilg ie<lSu;a

;j;a fldgilg fkdie<lSu;a jQ úg

orejka udkislj weo jeàug fya;=jk

mdie, m%shckl ia:dkhla fkdùu

;=<ska o .eg¿ we;s fõ' ud okakd

tla wOHdmk wOHlaIljrhl=f.a

orejd fuu j¾Ifha§ oyh fY%a‚hg

kshñ; jqjo 6 fY%a‚fha isgu mdi,

m%;slafIam lrhs' oekg Tyq mdi,a

fkdhk w;r úúO Ñls;aid Tyqg ,nd

ÿkako m%;sM, id¾:l fkdù we;' È.ska

È.gu mdie, m%;slafIam lrhs' wksis

yeisßulao fkdue;s kuq;a mß.Kl

wksis weíneysùula we;' mß.Kl l%Svd

i|yd uq,§ ;on, leue;a;la ;snq‚'

flfia jqjo uqo,a hyñka we;s mjq,aj,

orejkao hï m%udKhlska fyda mdi,

m%;slafIam lrk nj fmfka' tfiau

fuu lreKqj,g jvd úIh ks¾foaYh

;=< YsIH m%cdj mdi,g wdl¾YKh jk

wdldrfha úIhud,djl wjYH;djh

we;ehs is;ñ' bkaÈhdfõ È,a,s k.rfha

mqoa.,sl mdi,la ksÍlaIKh lsÍfï

§ tu mdi,aj, we;s “Skill Labs” ksÍlaIKhg ,la flfr;s' Y%S ,xldfõ

wOHdmkh fjkqfjka jeh lrk úYd,

OkialkaOh fujeks yrj;a fohla i|yd

jeh l<fyd;a bka úYd, msgqn,hla

,o yels nj tys§ y÷kd.ekSug

yelsúh'

l%shdldrlï iys; mdvï fldf;la

y÷kajdÿkak o iuyr .=reNj;=kaf.a

iïm%odhsl nj iy mka;sldurhg <uqka

fldgqlr oekqu muKla ,nd§u ;=<ska

isiq ks¾udK t<soelaùu isÿlr.;

fkdyels ;;a;ajhl mj;sk nj o

fmfka'

mdi,a uÜgñka" fldÜGdi uÜgñka"

m<d;a uÜgñkao isiqkaf.a oekqu muKla

uksk úNd.j,g orejka yqrelsÍu"

m%;sM, by< kexùu i|yd lrk

jevigyka" l,dm" m<d;a w;r m%;sM,

i|yd we;s ;r.ho" isiqka ;jÿrg;a

úvdnr lr we;' wdl,am iy l=i,;d

wOHdmkh ;=<ska m%;slafIam lr" oekqug

muKla keUqre wOHdmkhlg kej;

.uka lsÍu .eg¨jls'

;dlaIKh i|yd keUqrejla we;s

lsÍug miq.sh ld,fha§ ;dlaIK mSG

iy uyskafodaoh úoHd.dr we;s l<o

n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ uÜgñka fï i|yd

isiqka we;=<;aùula ke;' uq,a j¾Ifha

;rï b,a¨ulao j¾;udkfha ke;'

fuu ;dlaIK úIhhka wvqu ;rfï

9 fY%a‚fha isgj;a isiqkaf.a úIhud,djg

we;=<;a lsÍug fhdackd lrñ' ;dlaIK

mSG i|yd oekg úYd, iïm;a m%udKhla

,nd § we;;a tajdhska ksis M,m%fhdack

fkd.ekSu o .eg¨jla nj lsjhq;=h'

ì' tï kjr;ak ue‚fla

iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaIl ^ixj¾Ok&

bínd.uqj fldÜGdY wOHdmk

ld¾hd,h

mdi,a fkdhk orejka mdi,a.; lsÍu

l%shdldrlï iys; mdvï

fldf;la y÷kajdÿkak

o iuyr .=reNj;=kaf.a

iïm%odhsl nj iy

mka;sldurhg <uqka

fldgqlr oekqu muKla

,nd§u ;=<ska isiq ks¾udK

t<soelaùu isÿlr.;

fkdyels ;;a;ajhl

mj;sk nj fmfka'

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 10

wOHdmk o¾Ykfha mqfrda.dó jQ

od¾Ykslhka fukau fmrÈ. fn!oaO"

yskaÿ iy fõo wd.ñl b.ekaùïj,o

wOHdmkh ms<sn|j úia;r flfrk

wjia:dj, wOHdmk iy iodpdrd;aul

nj tlu ldisfha fome;a;la f,i

y÷kdf.k we;' W.;a mqoa.,fhl=

jkafka iodpdrd;aul jQ úg muKla

nj fndfyda wd.ïj, bÈßm;a flfrk

woyils' nqoaêu;a nj iodpdr j¾Okhg;a"

iodpdr nj nqoaê j¾Okhg;a tl f,i

ne£ mj;sk nj ;j;a woyils' YS,h iy

m%{dj w;aje,a ne|.;a hq., mohla f,i

y÷kajd Èh yels nj lshefõ'

—.=K keK nf,ka hq;= mq;=uh b;d .re˜

hkak wmf.a me/kakkaf.a uqjÕ /£

;snqK woyils' YsIHhd hk moh ú.%y lr

ne¨jfyd;a tys w¾: ksrEmKh jkafkao

yslaóu ,;a ;eke;a;d hkakhs'

Y%S ,xldjg ksoyia wOHdmkh y÷kajd

ÿka Èk isg fï olajd mdi,a úIh ;=<

iodpdrj;a nj" idrO¾u" idrO¾u

mqyqKq lsÍu" hym;a .=Koyï b.ekaùu

fjkqfjka f.k ;sfnk mshjr lsysmhla

i|yka l< yelsh' wd.u O¾uh úIhhka

f,i b.ekaùu bka jeo.;a mshjrls'

Bg wu;rj iudc wOHhkh" b;sydih"

mqrjeis mqyqKqj" fi!LHh iy YdÍßl

wOHkh" idys;Hh iy úúO fi!kao¾h

úIhka b.ekaùu ;=<skao hï wdldrhl

idrO¾u wOHdmkhla ,nd§ug lghq;=

lsÍu olakg ,enq‚' by; úIhkaf.a úIh

ks¾foaY tlsfkl f.k i<ld ne¨jfyd;a

Y%S ,dxlsl <uqkag wjYH iodpdrh fyda

idrO¾u tu úIhka ;=<ska ´kEjg jvd

,nd fokafka hehs flfkl=g ;¾l l<

yelsh'

tfia jqjo by; i|yka iodpdrd;aul

isÿùï we;=<;a úIh fldgia mdi, ;=<

b.ekafjk iajrEmh uola úuid n,uq'

fn!oaO yd wfkl=;a wd.ïj,o wd.ï

b.ekaùu mQ¾j mdi,a wjêfha isg

l%shd;aul jkq olakg ,efí' wd.u

W.kajk úg tys jvd jeo.;a jkafka

kHdhd;aul mokug jvd m%dfhda.slj

<uhd idrO¾u .;s.=K flfrys

yqrelsÍuhs' l=vd l, isgu wdl,amuh

fjkila l< yels jkafka tfia jqjfyd;a

muKla nj mejish hq;=h' fndfydaúg

mQ¾j <udúh ixj¾Ok uOHia:dkj,

iy mdif,a my< m%d:ñl wjêfha § hï

hï wd.ñl iy iodpdrd;aul m%dfhda.sl

jevigyka l%shd;aul jkq olakg ,eîu

m%ixYd l< hq;=h'

tfia jqjo mQ¾j mdi,a wjêfha iy

m%d:ñl wjêj, isiqkag iodpdr j¾Okh

we;slsÍu i|yd jvd;a iqÿiq l%uh f,i

olajkafka iajNdjO¾uh iy i;=kag

wdorh lsÍug b.ekaùuhs' fndfyda rgj,

fï wjêfha orejka fjkqfjka mdi, ;=<

iajNdjO¾u wx.khla iy iqr;,a i;=ka

we;slrk ia:dkhla iQodkï lr we;' ta

u.ska i;=kag lEu §u" id;a;= imamdhï

lsÍu ;=<ska i;=kag wdorh lsÍug yqrej

,nk w;r miqj tu wdorh ;u ifydaor

isiqkag iy iudchgo isÿlrkakg

fm<Uùu;a we;s fõ' fuu ;;a;ajh

wfma wOHdmk wdh;kj, ;sfío hkak

.eg¨jls'

oekg mj;sk 5 jir YsIH;aj úNd.h

fya;=lrf.k 4 - 5 jirj, nqoaOd.u we;=¿

wfkla wd.ï b.ekaùu" w;miqùu fukau

u.yeÍï o isÿjk nj mdi,a n,OdÍka

mjd ms<s.kakd lreKls' 6 jir isg 11

jir olajd nqoaOd.u úIh b.ekaùu úêu;a

l%shdj,shla jk kuq;a mdi,a ;=< th

yßhdldrj isÿfkdjkafka tu úIh mdi,a

<uqkaf.a úNd.h i|yd t;rï nridr

úIhla fkdùu;a th myiqfjka bf.k.;

yels hehs is;d isàu;a fya;=fjks' by;

lS lreKq ie<ls,a,g .;a úg meyeÈ,s

jkafka mdi,a úIhka ;=< wd.u O¾uh

b.ekaùu ;=<ska jvd id¾:l idrO¾u

f.dvke.Sula isÿ fkdjk nj fkdfõo@

wd.u O¾uhg wu;rj fuys i|yka

l< úIhka u.ska <uqkaf.a iodpdrh

f.dvke.sh yelso@ idys;Hh iy

b;sydih hk úIhka l,la mdi,a úIh

ud,dfjka bj;alr ;snQ nj u;lhg

k.d .; yelsh' fuys i|yka wfkl=;a

úIhkao mdi,a mka;sldurfha ish¨u

isiqkag tl fia .,d fkdhkjd muKla

fkdj tajdo t;rï úêu;a iy lemS

fmfkk iajrEmhlska mdi,a moaO;sh

;=< l%shd;auljkjd oehs hkak m%Yakhls'

WodyrKhla .;fyd;a YdÍßl wOHhkh

iy l%Svd úIhNdr .=rejrhd úisks' tu

úIh b.ekaùu fndfydaúg mdif,a l%Svd

W;aijh mj;ajk wjêfha b;d ́ kElñka

isÿjk kuq;a wfkla ld, ;=< th ukao.dó

f,i b.ekafjk wjia:d wm oel we;'

<ufhl= ;=< iodpdrh f.dvke.Su

hkq fndfyda fihska wdl,amuh fjkila

isÿlsÍfuka muKla isÿl< hq;a;ls'

iodpdr wOHdmkh i|yd wjYH fuu

wdl,am fjki isÿlsÍu úIhla b.ekaùug

jvd wiSre lreKla nj ms<s.; hq;=h'

fujeks wdl,am fjkilg wkq.ukh

l<hq;= úfYaI l%ufõo we;snj idrO¾u

wOHdmkh ms<sn| kHdhla bÈßm;a l<

fkdauka fÊ' nq,a" Ôka mshdfÊ" flda,an¾la"

tñ,a v¾lhsï jeks od¾Ykslhkaf.a

kHdhkaj, meyeÈ,sj olajd ;sfí' by;

lreKq ie<ls,a,g .;aúg meyeÈ,s jkafka

Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a wOHdmkh ;=< idrO¾u

wOHdmkh b.ekaùfï wjia:d yd l%ufõo

fnfyúka ÿ¾j, uÜgul mj;sk njhs'

f,dalfha fndfyda rgj,a idrO¾u

wOHdmkh fjku úIhla f,i W.kajk

wjia:d olakg ,efí' cmdkfha mdi,aj,

th Life Guidance yd Ethic Civics hkqfjka y÷kajd we;' fidaúhÜ reishdfõ§

tu úIh y÷kajd we;af;a Communist Morality and Cultural Conduct hkqfjks'

bkaÈhdfõ th kï lr we;af;a Human Values hkqfjks'

Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a wOHdmkfha wjika

m%;sM, foi úuis,af,ka ne,Sfuka miq

muKla hï ;SrKhlg t<öug mdGl

wmg isÿ fõ'

1' mdi,a jhfia wjika wÈhf¾ miqjk

iy mdi,a jhi wjika l< ;rek

msßia w;=ßka úYd, msßila wo u;a

Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a úIh ud,djg tlal< hq;= w¿;a úIhka ms<sn| woyila

fn!oaO yd wfkl=;a

wd.ïj,o wd.ï

b.ekaùu mQ¾j

mdi,a wjêfha

isg l%shd;aul jkq

olakg ,efí' wd.u

W.kajk úg tys

jvd jeo.;a jkafka

kHdhd;aul mokug

jvd m%dfhda.slj

<uhd idrO¾u

.;s.=K flfrys

yqrelsÍuhs'

12 jk msgqjg

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 11

ffjoH wOHdmkh fm!oa.,SlrKh

lsÍu ms<sn|j uE;l§ m%Yakhla u;=

úKs' ta wkqj ihsgï ^South Asian Institute for Technology and Medicine& hkak mq¿,a f,i iudc.; úh' tfy;a

wm úu;shg m;a jkafka wfma ksoyia

wOHdmkh ms<sn| ±ka ±ka ldg ldg;a

isysm;a ùu ms<sn|jh' wfma wOHdmkh

we;a;gu ksoyia o" lkakka.r ±lau

ls%hd;aul jkafka o jeks lreKq

ms<sn|j ihsgï m%Yakh u;= jQ miqjj;a

is;d ne¨jfyd;a krl o @ is;d ne,Su

flfia jqj o ihsgï .ek l;d lrkafka

ksoyia wOHdmkh yqjd olajñks'

tfy;a fï l=uk fldaKhlska ne¨j o

fï jk úg furg wOHdmkh nrm;<

.eg¨ rdYshlg uqyqK§ we;' ta .ek

lsisjl= is;kafka ke;' ta ta wjia:dfõ

mek kef.k .eg¨j foi muKla n,k

wfma iudch mdg Wmeia hqj, .,jd

oEia újr lr n,d h;d¾:h wjfndaO

lr .ekSug ±kaj;a is;sh hq;=h' tfia

jqjfyd;a mU.d,l meg,S we;s wOHdmkh

bka .,jd .ekSug msgqjy,la jkq

we;ehs isf;a' lkakka.r hq.fha werô

ksoyia wOHdmkh wdvïnrj by<ska

w.h lrk wmf.a j¾;udk ;¾lh

ù we;af;a tjka ;;a;ajhla ;sìh §

wOHdmkh fm!oa.,SlrKh jkakg bv

Èh yels o hkakhs' tfy;a m%Yakh kï

we;a;gu wo wm ksoyia wOHdmkhla

N=la;s ú|skjd o@ fï ms<sn|j úuis,ssu;a

fkdjkafka wehs@ ihsgï WKqiqu mj;sk

fï fudfydf;aj;a tA .ek is;sh hq;=h'

mdi,lg <ufhla we;=¿ lsÍfï § tod

mej;s ksoyia wOHdmk ixl,amh wo

;sfí o@ wOHdmkh fm!oa.,sl lsÍug

w;afmd;a ;efnkqfha t;kska fkdfõ o@

ta ta mdi,aj, ;rd;sru wkqj uQ,Huh

§ukdj f.ùu wo wksjd¾Hh' Oj,

m;s%ld u.skau ^lS%vd.dr" f.dvke.s,s&

úúO wruqKq i|yd hehs uQ,Huh

f.ùï isÿ l< hq;=uh' fl;rï ÿIalr

m%foaYj, jqj o fuh n,mdhs' tod

ksoyia wOHdmkfhka fujekakla

n,dfmdfrd;a;= úKs o@ ke;' fï

jk úg fï ;;a;ajh iudc.; ù

yudrh' wvq wdodhï,dNS fouõmshkaf.a

orejkag fl;rï iyc oË;d ;snqK

o by< uÜgfï fyj;a myiqlï iys;

mdi,lg we;=¨ l< fkdyelsh' th o

ksoyia wOHdmkh @

mdi,aj,g orejka we;=¿ lsÍfï §

mj;sk fï wúêu;a l%ufõohg ms<shï

fh§u ±kaj;a ck;dj l,amkd l< hq;=j

we;' n,OdÍkaf.a oEia úúr l< hq;=h'

mfya YsIH;ajh ms<sn| úuid n,uq' th

o iïmQ¾Kfhkau uqo,g úlsfKkakls'

miajk mka;sfha iEu <ufhl=u uqo,a

jehlr fm!oa.,sl mka;shlg hEu

wksjd¾h ù we;' mj;sk ;;a;ajh wkqj

ta ta mdi,aj,ska fumuK ixLHdjla

YsIH;ajh iu;a j we;ehs m%ldY l<o

we;a; jYfhkau tys id¾:l;ajh

fm!oa.,sl mka;sj,ska isÿjkakls'

jhU m<df;a ó.uqj Èia;s%lalh jeks

m%foaYj, YsIHh;ajh iu;aùfï wvq

m%;sY;hka ;=<ska meyeÈ,s jkafka tu

m%foaYhkays fm!oa.,sl mka;s ixLHdj

wvq ùu;a wOHdmkfhys mrud¾:h

fyj;a wruqK W.;a nqoaêu;=ka ìys

lsÍug jvd b;d,sh jeks rgl cSjk

ud¾.hla fidhd hdula njhs'

2015 jir 5 YsIH;aj úNd.fha lvbï

<l=Kq ,nd .ekSfï fuu igyk foi

n,uq'

mdi,

fmkS isá

isiqka

ixLHdj

iu;a

isiqka

ó.uqj Ydka;

ußhd úÿy,71 1

ó.uqj Ydka;

fcdaYma úÿy,70 1

ó.uqj o¿fmd;

úÿy,57 1

lgdk l|j,

fcdaYma lKsIagh39 1

cdwe, ;sf.dv

úÿy,88 1

fmr lS mßÈ fuu m%foaYfha

orejkaf.a wOHdmkh úfoaY.;

úh yels jD;a;Slhka ìys lsÍu

jeks mgq fËa;%hkag iSud ù we;'

wkd.;fha § iuia;hla f,i th

isÿjkq ksh;h' bkamiq idys;HOrhka"

úpdrlhka" Ñka;lhka" od¾Ykslhka

fyda nqoaêu;=ka ke;a;gu ke;sj hkq

ksh;h' th o ukqIH;ajfha ixj¾Okh@

mfya YsIH;ajh fukau idudkHfm<

iy Wiiafm< iu;aùu o wo

fm!oa.,sl mka;s u;u r|d mj;shs'

tfia kï bkamiqj wOHdmk fËa;%hka

fm!oa.,SlrKh m%Yakhla jkafka flfia

o@ ñka wm woyia lrkqfha —ihsgï˜

w.h lsÍula fkdj th m%Yakhla lr

.ekSug m<uqj Bg fmr ;;a;ajh foi

fuf;la fkdne¨fõ wehs o hk m%Yakh

u;= lsÍuhs' ta ;;a;ajh wdrïNfha isgu

fufia Tvqÿjk f;la wm ieu isáfha

oEia jidf.k fkdfõ o@ ±kaj;a wm

ksoyia wOHdmkfha iq,uq, y÷kd.;

hq;=j we;' ta iu.u tu ixl,amh ld,Sk

jYfhka wjYH ys;lr fjkiaùïj,g

o Ndckh úh hq;= kï th o wjYHh'

tfy;a tA i|yd nqoaêu;aj is;d ne,Sug

yels Wiia ukila o wjYHh' fï

jk úg mj;sk wOHdmk l%uh ;=<ska

tjka mqoa.,hka ìys ùu wjodkulg

m;aj we;' tu ;;a;ajh ;jÿrg;a

mej;=kfyd;a isÿúh yelafla frdfnda

ñksia iudchla muKla wmg olakg

,eîuhs' YsËKhlska f;dr tjka

iudchlska isÿúh yels hym; l=ula o@

foaYhl ixj¾Okh udkqIsl;ajh jeks

jokays we;s ú.%yhla tjka iudchlg

wjYH ke;' fï mj;sñka we;af;a tjka

iudchlg uq, msÍuls'

wOHdmkfha wruqK jkafka ñksia

j¾.hdf.a hym; ^ixj¾Okh& i|yd

ls%hd;aul jk hym;a mqrjeisfhl= ìys

lsÍu nj tlai;a cd;Ska mjd ms<sf.k

we;' úfYaIfhkau ñksia j¾.hdf.a

ÈhqKqj;a iu. tu wruqK ;j;a mq¿,a

jkq ñi l=uk fyda cSjk jD;a;shla

i|yd iemfhk ñksia YÍrhla muKla

m%j¾Okh lsÍu wOHdmkfha ld¾hNdrh

fkdfõ' fï neõ md,lhka jgyd .;

hq;=h' tfia fkdjqkfyd;a wkd.;fhys

±lsh yels jkafka ysia jQ fud< muKla

we;s rElv ñksia iudchls' fmdaIKhla

ke;s uki ;=<ska udkqIsh mej;=ï

n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh fkdyel' fï

jk úg;a by< uÜgfï isgu ¥IKh"

NSIKh jeks joka iudc frda. njg m;a

fjñka mj;skqfha fuu ksidh' tneúka

ñksialu /l.ekSug kï ñksid l=vd

wjêfha isgu hym;a ukila we;s

mqoa.,fhl= lsÍug wOHdmkh ,nd

Èh hq;=uh' ta uqo,g fkdj ñksia

whs;sjdislula jYfhks'

fca'YS,d úl%ur;ak

W.;ukd Ys,amhuo u;= /flkdu;= /flkd Ys,amhuo W.;ukd

wOHdmkfha wruqK

jkafka ñksia j¾.hdf.a

hym; ^ixj¾Okh&

i|yd ls%hd;aul jk

hym;a mqrjeisfhl= ìys

lsÍu nj tlai;a cd;Ska

mjd ms<sf.k we;'

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 12

2017 whjeh fhdackd u.ska o j;= mdi,a

lafIa;%fha wOHdmk ixj¾Okhg wod<

.eg¨ rdYshla y÷kd .; yelsj ;sfí' th

jvd;a fydoska iei¢h hq;= fõ'

ta wkqj 2016 whjeh fhdackd fuf,i

±lafõ '

313 - tfiau jeú,s fËa;%fha mdi,a 25 la

oaú;Sl uÜgug Wiia lsÍu i|yd iïm;a

,ndfokq ,nk w;r ta i|yd remsh,a

ñ,shk 250 la ,nd §ug ud fhdackd

lrkjd ^313 fhdackdj" msgq wxl 54&

tys È.=jla f,i oelsh yels uqo,a

wud;Hjrhd úiska bÈßm;a lrk ,o 2017

whjeh fhdackdfõ fuf,i i|yka fõ'

96 - wmf.a rcfha ish¨ wxY we;=<;a

ixj¾Ok l%fudamdhkag wkqj oekgu;a

Wiia ;;a;ajhg m;alr we;s úfYaIfhkau

lE.,a, iy nÿ,a, Èia;%slalj, j;=

mdi,a 25 g wu;rj ;j;a j;= mdi,a 25 l

;;a;ajh Wiia lsÍu i|yd remsh,a ñ,shk

250 la fjka lsÍug ud fhdackd lrkjd

^96 fhdackdj" msgq wxl 19&

uq,skau 2016 whjeh fhdackdj mßÈ tu

j¾Ifha § j;= mdi,a fldmuK m%udKhla

ixj¾Okh l<doehs y÷kd .; hq;=h' wm

tu j¾Ifha ^2016& whjeh fhdackdfõ

mßÈ j;= mdi,a 25 u oaú;shl uÜgug

Wiia lsÍu isÿ ù we;ehs úYajdi lrñ'

wOHdmk wud;HxYh 2015 jif¾

§ ksl=;afldg we;s ixLHd f,aLk

f;dr;=rej,g wkqj Y%S ,xldfõ uq¿ mdi,a

ixLHdj 10144 ls' thska 843 la j;= mdi,a

fõ' ta wkqj j;= mdi,a 25la hkq uq¿ j;=

mdi,a ixLHdfjka 2'9] l m%udKhla

ixj¾Okh lsÍug orK W;aidyhla fõ'

fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< oekg mj;sk j;= mdi,a

843 l m%udKh ixj¾Okh lsÍu i|yd

wju jYfhka jir 33 lg jeä ld,hla

.;jkq we;' tfiau j;= mdi,a 307 la

jk jeäu m%udKhla iys; kqjrt<sh

Èia;%slalh ms<sn|j o fujr 2017 whjeh

fhdackd u.ska fyda wjOdkhla fhduqlr

we;s njla olakg fkdue;' tu ksid

fï ms<sn|j j.lsj hq;a;kaf.a wjOdkh

jydu fyda 2018 whjeh fhdackd ;=< §

fyda fhduqjkq we;ehs úYajdi lrñ'

l,dN+IK rdcH iïudk,dNS

fla'ã' mSßia

iNdm;s

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh

2017 whjeh fhdackd u.sska j;=mdi,a ixj¾Okh i|yd m%udKj;a wjOdkhla fhduq ù ;sfío @

Wjÿrg f.dÿre ù isák nj m< fõ'

2' tu msßia w;=ßka udkisl frda.S jQ iy

úúO wd;;s ;;a;ajhkag f.dÿre jQ

úYd, msßila .ek wikakg ,efí'

3' Y%S ,dxlsl fndfyda ;reK msßi cd;s

iy wd.ñl fNao lrmskakd .ekSu

ñ;Hd iy wkaO úYajdi ms<sme§u

jeks iudc úfrdaë wdl,am orkakka

ù isàuo .eg¿ iy.; lreKls'

4' ;jo tjeks ;reK lKavdhï ;ks

;ksj fyda lKavdhï jYfhka iE§

iudcfha úúO wmrdO yd idyisl

l%shdj, fhfokq wikakg ,efí'

5' mdi,a jhfia miqjk we;eï msßia

w;r isÿjk wukdmlï ÿrÈ. f.dia

Ôú; ydks mjd isÿjk wjia:d

wikakg ,efí'

6' tlS jhiaj, isÿjk ishÈú kid

.ekSï o l%ufhka jeäfjñka mj;S

fuu ;;ajh u.yeÍu i|yd idrO¾u

wOHdmkh úIhla jYfhka Y%S ,xldfõ

mdi,a úIh ud,djg tlalsÍu ms<sn|j

n,OdÍka úuis,su;a úh hq;=j ;sfí'

ví' ví' úfÊjka; fj,a,d,

10 jk msgqfjka

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh

ish¨fokdgu .=Kd;aul iy iudk

wjia:d iys; wOHdmkhla ,nd §u

iy;sl lsÍu i|yd lemù l%shdlrk isú,a

iudc ixúOdk tl;=jls' 2004 jif¾

wdrïN lrk ,o fuu ixúOdkh jir 13 l

ld, iSudjla Y%S ,xldfõ wOHdmkh k.d

isgqùug úúO me;slv Tiafia odhl;ajh

,nd § we;s w;r tys 14 jk jd¾Isl iNd

/iaùu wfma%,a ui m<uqjk Èk ud,fò

;,dfyak m%cd ixj¾Ok uOHia:dkfha §

idudðl ixúOdk 54 l iyNd.s;ajfhka

meje;a ú‚'

/iaùfï jevlghq;= wdrïN lrñka

iNdm;s fla' ä' mSßia uy;d idudðlhka

ms<s.ekSfï l;dj isÿl< w;r f,alï

W W fj,a,d, uy;d úiska jd¾Isl

iNd /iaùï jd¾;dj;a" NdKavd.dßl

pñkao mshfialr uy;d úiska wOHdmk

ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha jd¾Isl whjeh

jd¾;dj;a bÈßm;a lsÍfuka wk;=rej tajd

iNd iïu; úh'

fï wjia:dfõ§ idudðl ixúOdk úiska

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh miq.sh jir

;=< ,nd we;s m%.;sh meiiqug ,lalrñka

woyia olajk ,§'

2030 jif¾§ ieug hdjÔj wOHdmk

wjia:d m%j¾Okh lrñka wka;¾lrKh

iy iu wjia:d iys; .=Kd;aul

wOHdmkhla ;yjqre lsÍu kï jQ ;sridr

ixj¾Ok b,lalhkays 4 jk wruqK

idlaId;a lr .ekSug isú,a iudÔh

odhl;ajh il%Shj ,nd §ug fmdfrdkaÿ

fjñka 14 jk jd¾Isl uyiNd /iaùu

id¾:lj ksud úh'

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha jd¾Isl iNd /iaùu 14 jk jrg;a id¾:lj mj;ajhs'

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 13

wNHka;r lghq;= jhU ixj¾Ok

yd ixialD;sl lghq;=

wud;HxYfha fufyhùfuka

ixialD;sl lghq;= fomd¾;fïka;=j

fk¨ïfmdl=K cd;Hka;r iïuka;%K

Yd,dfõ § wud;H tia' î kdúkak

uy;df.a m%Odk;ajfhka meje;a jQ 2016

l,dN+IK rdcH iïudk Wf<f,a §

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha iNdm;s

fla' ã mSßia uy;d Y%S ,xldfõ l,d

lafIa;%fha Wkak;sh Wfoid bgqlrk

,o úYsIag fiajdjg Wmydr jYfhka

l,dN+IK rdcH iïudkfhka msÿï

,eîh'

mq;a;,u Èia;%sla ixialD;sl

n,uKav,fha m%Odk f,alï jYfhka

lghq;= lrk" cd;sl mqj;am;a lsysmhlu

m%dfoaYSh jd¾;dlrefjl= f,i lghq;=

fldg we;s l,dN+IK rdcH iïudk,dNS

fcHIaG udOHfõÈfhl= jk mSßia uy;d

fï jk úg —y~˜" —wdisߘ yd —mq;a;,u

Èid mqj;a˜ hk m%ldYkj, ixialdrl

uKav, idudðlfhl= f,i lghq;=

lrhs'

Y%S ,xldfõ iïm%odhsl fkdjk yia;

l¾udka; lafIa;%hg wuqøjHhla f,i

fmd,a ugq,a, y÷kajd§ug odhlù we;s

fla' ã' mSßia uy;d fld<U ud¾.

m¾fhaIK wdh;kfha m¾fhaIlfhl=

f,i o" bfrâ yd whs'à'ã'Ô wdh;kj,

WmfoaYljrfhl= f,i o lghq;=

fldg we;' tu w;aoelSï iy wNdIh

;=<ska .%ka:lrKhg ms<smka Tyq rpkd

lsÍug odhl jQ .%ka: ixLHdj 20 lg

wêlh' —kj.ïmqr iy wdrdu fmfoi˜"

—flfi,a flkafoka uefjk w;alï˜"

^isxy, yd fou<& —fmd,augq,af,ka

w;alï˜ ^isxy, iy bx.%Sis&" —mud fkdù

tñ wl=rg fuhska u;+˜" —úYajfhka

w;eUq,la˜" —f,dalh uu iy fyg˜"

—ri ñysrhs ujf.a ku mq;=g ke;S˜"

—ksjerÈj ,shuq˜ wdÈh bka iuyrls'

idys;Hh" l,dj yd m%cd ixj¾Ok

lafIa;%hg ,nd ÿka fiajh w.h lrñka

—m%cdfiajd˜" —m%cdfiajd lS¾;s˜" —foaY

lS¾;s˜" —udOH fiajd˜" —foaY nkaÿ˜

—cd;sl f.!rj iïudk Wmdêh˜"

—foaYudk - udkj ys;jd§˜" —l,dosfka˜"

—uq¿ Èjhskgu idu úksiqre˜ hk

iïudk iy kïnqkdu o fudyq fj;

msßkud we;'

tfiau mSßia uy;d ldnksl f.dú;ek"

bvï m%;sixialrKh yd .%du ixj¾Okh"

m%cd ixj¾Okh" úl,am fi!LH

ie,iqï ilia lsÍu" ffcj ialkaO

n,Yla;s l<ukdlrKh" wOHdmk

ie,iqïlrKh we;=¨ úIhka ms<sn|j

;dhs,ka;h" bkaÈhdj" iaúÜi¾,ka;h"

ms,smSkh" Ökh" nx.,dfoaYh" fkamd,h"

ldïfndach we;=¿ rgj,a .Kkdjl

mqyqKqj o ,nd we;af;ls'

mq;a;,u" udoïfma

mnir iqmqka

l,dN+IK rdcH iïudkfhka msÿï ,o fla' ä' mSßia uy;d

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha

Èia;%sla iïnkaOldrljrekaf.a

/iaùula 2017 uehs ui 15 jeks

Èk fld<U 06 yeõf,dla gjqfï msysá

iduhsl uOHia:dk Y%jKd.drfha§

mj;ajk ,§' Èia;%sla iïnkaêlrK

ks,OdÍka 17 fofkla fuhg iyNd.S

jq w;r 2017 jif¾ fuf;la meje;s

jevigyka ms<sn|j iudf,dapkh lsÍu;a

ta iïnkaaOfhka idudcsl ixúOdk ±lajQ

m%;spdr ms<sn| idlÉPd lsÍug;a fuys§

wjia:dj WodúKs' wOHdmkh ixj¾Ok

ikaOdkh úiska fuu jif¾ fojk

Nd.fha§ l%shd;aul lsÍug wfmalaId

lrkq ,nk jevigyka ms<sn|j Èia;s%la

iïnkaêldrljreka ±kqïj;a lsÍu

fuys§ isÿúKs' fuhg wu;rj tlai;a

ckmo rdcH fomd¾;=fïka;= fõ uQ,H

wkq.%yh u; isÿlsÍug wfmalaId lrkq

,nk wOHdmk lafIa;%fha ¥IK wju

lsÍu i|yd jq kj jHdmD;sh ms<sn|

uQ,sl ye|skaùulao fuys§ isÿlrk ,§'

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh 2017 jif¾ m<uq Èia;%sla iïnkaêlrK /iaùu mj;ajkq ,nhs

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 14

˜2030 ;sridr ixj¾Okh ms<sno kHdh

m;%fha" ;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq 17 la

úia;r flfrkjd' tys 04 jk wruqK

wOHdmkhhs' ish¨fokdu wka;¾lrKh

jQ .=Kd;aul wOHdmkhla ,nd.ekSug

iudk wjia:d ie,iSu iy wLKav

bf.kSï wjia:d ;yjqre lsÍu hkakg

ta hgf;a m%uqL wjOdkhla fhduqj

;sfnkjd' tu ;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq

17 ch.ekSu ioyd b,lal 169 la

y÷kdf.k ;sfnkjd' Y%S ,xldfõ f¾Çh

wud;HdxY 51 la yd wdh;k 425 la fuu

;sridr ixj¾Ok b,lal ch.ekSu

fjkqfjka l%shd;aul fjñka ;sfnkjd'

fuys§ rchg l<yels foaj,aj, hï hï

iSudj,a ;snqK;a isú,a iudchg l<yels

foaj,g lsisÿ iSudjla kE' Tjqkag Wmßu

jYfhka ;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq

ch.ekSu ioyd odhl úh yelshs'˜

;sridr ixj¾Ok yd jkÔú wud;HdxYfha

WmfoaYl WÑ; o fidhsid uy;d fuu

woyia m<lf<a miq.shod ^2017 fmn 03&

fld<U" ol=Kq wdishd iyfhda.S;d

wdh;k ^SAPSRI& Y%jKd.drfha§

meje;s ;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq

Èkd.ekSfï u.ie,eiau ixj¾Ok lsÍu

i|yd isú,a iudc ixúOdkj, woyia-

fhdackd ,nd.ekSfï WmfoaYkd;aul

idlÉPdjg iyNd.S fjñks'

;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq yd wOHdmk

lafIa;%fha b,lalhka ch.ekSu i|yd

jQ cd;sl jevie,eiau ieliSug

idudðl;aj ixúOdkj, odhl;ajh

,nd.ekSfï wruq‚ka wOHdmk

ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh ixúOdkh l< fuu

WmfoaYkd;aul idlÉPdjg ^CED&

idudðl;aj ixúOdk 35 l l%shdldÍ

ksfhdað;fhda 40 la iyNd.S jQy'

wdishd meismsla l,dmh ;=<

;sridr ixj¾Okh ms<sn| leìkÜ

wud;HdxYhla mj;akd tlu rg Y%S

,xldj njo" oßø;djh ;=rka lsÍfï

j¾Ih f,i kïlr we;s 2017 j¾Ih

;=< ;sridr ixj¾Okh fjkqfjka

úYd, ld¾hNdrhla bgqlsÍfï j.lSula

Y%S ,xldjg mejeÍ we;s njo WÑ; o

fidhsid uy;d fuys§ jeäÿrg;a fmkajd

ÿkafkah'

˜,xldfõ kj rch ìysùu;a iu.

;srir ixj¾Okh ms<sno mk;la

iïmdokh flreKd' miq.sh

ckjdß 9 jeksod w.ue;s;=uka th

iNd.; l<d'th m<d;a iNd y;rla

wkqu; lr,d tlla m%;slafIam lr,d

;sfhkjd' ,xldfõ ñkamiq uOHu

wdKavqfõ" m<d;a iNd wd§ ish¨u

ixj¾Ok ie<iqï ;srir ixj¾Okhg

wkq.; úh hq;=hs' tfiau miq.sh jir

wjidkfha§ fuu úIh iïnkaOfhka

lghq;= lsÍug md¾,sfïka;= uka;%Sjreka

15 fofkl=f.ka iukaú; wkqlñgqjla

m;alrkq ,enqjd' ;srir ixj¾Ok wruqKq

l%shd;aul jk wdldrh ksÍlaIKh lsÍu

Tjqkag mejeÍ we;s m%Odk j.lSula'

Bg;a w;sf¾lj" miq.sh ckjdß 02

jeksod isg ;srir ixj¾Ok lghq;=

ms<sno fidhdne,Su ioyd ckdêm;s ;=ud

úiska leìkÜ wkqlñgqjla m;alr

;sfnkjd' fï ish¨ wxY tlaj lghq;=

l<fyd;a bÈß ld,h ;=< ;srir

ixj¾Okh ms<sn| n,dfmdfrd;a;=

/ila we;slr.; yelshs'˜

˜;srir ixj¾Okh ms<sn| f,dj mqrd

úúO ks¾jpk /ila ;sfnkjd' iuyr

ks¾jpkj, ;srir ixj¾Okh ms<snoj

l;dlrkafka ;ks udkhlska' wd¾Ól

ixj¾Okh lshk udkfhka' ta;a

uydpd¾h fldg.u jf.a wh mßirh

wkqj iudcfha Ôjk p¾hdj ;SrKh jk

nj;a" ta u; wd¾Ólh yeisfrk njg;a

woyia m<lrkjd' wms ;srir ixj¾Okh

ms<sn|j idlÉPd lrk úg m%Odk udk

;=kla ms<snoj wjOdkh fhduq lrkjd'ta

mßirh" iudch yd wd¾Ólhhs' fï

wxY ;=fkysu iudkd;au;djhla

mj;ajdf.k hdu;a b;du jeo.;a' wms

mßirh wdrlaId lrkafka flfiao@"

foaY.=‚l úm¾hdij,g uqyqK

;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq ch.ekSu ioyd isú,a iudchg Wmßu odhl;ajhla ,ndÈh yelshs æ

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 15

uQ,sl iy jeäysá wOHdmkh ms<sn|

wdishd ol=Kq iy meis*sla l,dmSh

ixúOdkfha jd¾Isl ld¾hh uKav,

yuqj iy bÈß jir i|yd jQ l%fudamdhsl

ie<eiau ieliSfï jevuq¨j fujr

Y%S ,xldfõ§ mj;ajk ,§' fuu

jevuq¨j Y%s ,xldfõ§ ixúOdkh lsÍu

iy tys ld¾hh iïmdok lghq;=

isÿlrkq ,enQfha wOHdmk ixj¾Ok

ikaOdkh u.sks' weiamafí wdh;kfha

by< uÜgfï ks,OdÍka ish¨ fokd

iyNd.S jq fuu jevuq¨j fnkaf;dg

wjdks îÉ fydag,fha § uehs ui 19

isg 22 jeksod olajd meje;aúKs' fuu

wjia:djg iyNd.S ùug meñKs wdishd

l<dmfha Odß;d ixj¾Ok ks,OdÍ

isis,shd uy;añh wOHdmk ixj¾Ok

ikaOdkfha r;akmqr Èia;%slalfha

idudcsl ixúOdkhka jk mßir iy <ud

whs;Ska iq/lSfï ixúOdkh yd mßir yd

m%cd ixj¾Ok f;dr;=re fl%akaøh iy

l¨;r Èia;%slalfha wdishd ,xld iudc

ixj¾Ok wdh;k ksÍlaIKh ,lal<dh'

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha idudcsl

ixúOdk kshef,k jevigyka iy

Tjqka l%shd;aul jk úúO jQ lafIa;%

ms<sn|j wjfndaO lr.ekSug;a tajdfha

weiamafí jd¾Isl ld¾hh uKav< yuqj fujr Y%S ,xldfõ §

fokafka flfiao@" oßø;djh ;=rka

lrkafka flfiao@ hkd§ ldrKd uq¿

f,dalhgu n,mdk m%Yak' fïjd tllg

tlla iïnkaOhs' tfiau fïjd fjka

fjkaj f.k úiÿï fiùug hdu;a

wid¾:lhs'˜

ixj¾Okh ms<sno ie<l=jdu miq.sh

ishjia .Kk ;=< wm ixj¾Okh

fjkak W;aidy lr, ;sfhkafka

mßirhg ydks lrñkqhs' mßirh"

iudch yd wd¾Ólh w;r ;=,khla

mj;ajd .ekSug wm wiu;aù ;sfnkjd'

wo jkúg f,dalfha ck.ykfhka 50]la

kd.ßl Ôú; .;lrñka isákjd' 2050

jkúg tu ixLHdj 80] la jkq we;s

njg wfmalaId lrkjd' niakdysr fu.d

fmd,sia ie<iqu yd ta ms<sn| ;lafiare

jd¾;d ie<l=fjd;a th wo jkf;la

ck;dj w;g m;afj,d kE' fï rfÜ

W.;=ka "nqoaêu;=ka we;=¿ uyck;dj

fuu lreKq ms<snoj oekqïj;aj" iudc

ixjdohla isÿúh hq;=hs' uq¿ f,dalfhau

.uka ud¾.h fjkia lsÍug kdhl;ajh

,nd§ ;sfnkafka isú,a iudchhs'

Y%S ,dxlsl isú,a iudchg;a ta

iïnkaOfhka úYd, j.lSula yd

ld¾hNdrhla mejeÍ ;sfnkjd'

;sridr ixj¾Ok wruqKq Èkd.ekSfï

u.ie,eiau ixj¾Ok lsÍu

i|yd idudðl ixúOdkj,

woyia fhdackd ,nd.ekSuo

tys wOHdmk wruqKq Èkd.ekSu

ms<sn|j jeäÿr idlÉPd lsÍuo fuu

WmfoaYkd;aul idlÉPdfõ§ isÿflß‚'

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkfha ^CED&

iNdm;s fla ã mSßia uy;aud we;=¿

wOHlaI uKav, idudðlhska o fuu

WmfoaYkd;aul jevigykg iyNd.s

jqy'

y~ CED ff;%udisl mqj;a iÕrdj 16

wOHdmk ixj¾aOk ikaOdkh wxl 439/6A iqo¾Yk udj;' kdj, mdr" rdc.sßh

Web: cedsrilanka.netÿrl;kh ( 0112887642

wOHdmk ixj¾Ok ikaOdkh iEu

úgu wOHdmk lafIa;%fha olakg

,efnk kj;u Wmk;Ska mss<sn|j ;u

idudcslhska ±kqïj;a lsÍfï ksr;j isà'

fï wkqj wOHdmk lafIa;%%hg fm!oa.,sl

wxYfha l%shdldrlhska ueÈy;aùu ksid

isÿúh yels n,mEu ms<sn|j ±kqïj;a

lsÍfï jevuq¨jla Èia;%sla iïnkaêlrK

ks,OdÍka i|yd 2017 uehs ui 15 jeks

Èk fld<U§ mj;ajk ,§' fï i|yd

iïm;a odhl;ajh ,ndÿkafka uQ,sl

iy jeäysá wOHdmkh ms<sn| wdishd

ol=Kq iy meis*sla l,dmSh ixúOdkfha

Odß;d ixj¾Ok WmfoaYsld isis,shd

fidßhdfkda uy;añh úisks'

fuys§ idlÉPd jQ m%Odk lreKq

w;r lemSfmfkk f,i fm!oa.,sl

mdi,a ixLHd;aulj j¾Okh ùu" wvq

.dia;=jla whlrkq ,nk fm!oa.,sl

mdi,a wdishdlrfha jHdma; ùu" mqoa.,sl

áhqIka$ w;sf¾l mka;s ie<lsh hq;=

uÜgfuka by< hdu" rcfha mdi,aj,

o úúsOdldrfha .dia;= whlsÍu wLKavj

l%shd;aul ùu" fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iudc

j.lSï jevigyka hg;g wOHdmkh

we;=<;aùu iy rcfha iy fm!oa.,sl

wxYfha md¾YjlrKfhka hq;a mdi,a

moaO;Ska ìyslsÍfï l%shdj,sh fõ.j;a

ùu hk tajd we;=<;a úKs'

fm!oa.,sl mdi,a jvd;a kuHYS,S

neúka ;uka leue;s úIhka wOHhkh

lsÍug wjia:dj ,efnk nj;a wvq

.dia;= whlrk neúka wvqq wdodhï

,nk ck;djg jqj;a fïjdfha myiqlï

,nd.; yelsnj;a fïjdg mlaIj woyia

olajk msßi m%ldY lr;s' Bg wu;rj

fm!oa.,sl mdi,a rcfha mdi,aa j,g

jvd .=Kd;aulNdjfhka by< iy

ld¾hlaIu njgo Tjqka ;¾l lr;s'

.=rejreka fiajhg fkdmeñKsSSfï

wjia:djka wvq nj;a wOHdmkh i`oyd

wjYH iïm;a fidhd .ekSfï nrm;<

.eg¨jg fuhska úiÿï ,efnk njg;a

Tjqka woyia olaj;s

isis,shd fidßhdfkda uy;añh

úiskaa fuu lreKq iïnkaOfhka

wka;¾cd;sl yd l<dmSh jYfhka

olakg ,enk ;;ajhka iïnkaOfhka

.eUqßka idlÉPd lrk ,o w;r fuu

idOl foaYSh ikaO¾Nfha fld;rï ÿrg

olakg ,efío hkak bka wk;=rej

úuid n,k ,§' fkdñ<fha ,ndfok

wOHdmkhg wys;lr n,mEula we;sjk

wjia:djkays§ l%shdl< hq;= wdldrh .;

hq;= mshjr ms<sn|j idlÉPdjg ,lajQ

w;r fujeks jd;djrKhl§ ;ks ;ksj

fkdj iduQysl j lKavdhula jYfhka

l%shd;aul ùfï jeo.;alu wjOdrKhg

,laúh'

wOHdmkhg fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ueÈy;aùfuka we;sjk n,mEu ms<sn| ±kqïj;a lsÍu

ld¾hh uKav,h iu. woyia yqjudre

lr.ekSug;a fuys§ yelsúh' l<dmfha

wfkl=;a rgj,aj, wOHdmk ikaOdk

idudcsl wdh;k isÿlrk l%shdldrlï

iy jHDmD;Ska ms<sn|j idudcsl

ixúOdk ±kqïj;a lsÍug;a w;a±lSï

yqjudre lr.ekSug;a fuu lafIa;%

pdßldj m%fhdackj;a úh'