1

Subatomär fysik

10-10 m10-14 m

10-15 m

Kursens innehållKursens innehåll

Atomkärnors egenskaper

massa

spinn

µ, Q excitationer

deuteronen

Krafter

Radioaktivitet

SönderfallSönderfall

α

β

γfission

Fission

Fusion

Reactions

2

GSI

UNILAC SIS

197Au12C 13C

Rutherford

+

++

+

+++

-- -

--

-

-

Thomson

Geiger,Marsden

2?4

2

a

2

0

221

sin1

4T1

e4pZZ

dOds

⋅

= e

xe4peZZ

mvmu0

2212

212

21

⋅+=

?

NEUTRON0

PROTON+e

mp= 1.6727 .10-27 kg

mn= 1.6750 .10-27 kg

∆m/mn= 0.137 %

2H 3H

3He 4He

3

ISOTOP

ISOTON

ISOBARn10.25 m

2H--

3He--

1H---

3H12.3 y

4He--

5Heunbound

6He808 ms

7Heunbound

8He119 ms

9Heunbound

7Li-d

8Li840 ms

9Li179 ms

10Liunbound

11Li8.5 ms

6Li--

N

Z

48CaZ=20N=28

208PbZ=82N=126

Krafter

Nukleon

4 fm0.1 fm

0.01 fm

4

Isaac Newton1643-1727

2r2m1m

GF =

G = 6.6726x10 -11 Nm2/kg2

Max Planck1858 - 1947

?h?E h==

Js01.054589x1 34=h

Albert Einstein1879-1955

E = mc2

c = 299 792 458 m/s

1.4x1032 KTemperature

1.2x1019GeV/c2Mass

1.6x10-35mLength

5.4x10-44 sTime5c

Gh

3c

Gh

Gch

The Planck Scale

10-40

10-30

10-20

10-10

1010

1

Big Bang

Now

1032 K1032 K

2.7K2.7K

Second

s

Galaxies

Big BangBig Bang

Temperature

H, D, He

Nukleär astrofysikNukleär astrofysik

5

The Crab Nebula