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apocarpyMACS Cobar

http://www.eeob.iastate.edu/classes/botany306/terminology/fruit/images/parietal-axile.jpg

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Marginal placentation of a fruit

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Modifications or variations4. Method of insertion

- horizontal(Prefloration or aestivation)- vertical (attachment of floral parts on

the receptacle; ovary position)a. hypogynousb. epigynousc. perigynous

d. hypanthium5. Symmetry- radial, regular or multilateral

- bilateral or irregularMACS Cobar

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Modifications and variations

6. Inflorescence or Anthotaxy

a. raceme f. corymbb. panicle g. cymec. spike h. head

d. spadix i. umbele. catkin or ament j. fascicle

7. Color and size8. Number of floral parts

a. 3s or multiples of 3s = monocotyledon

b. 4s or 5s or mutiples of 4 or 5 = eudicotMACS Cobar

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ROSE

Hypanthium fused basal portion of the androecium,calyx or corolla are fused together to form atube around an inferior ovary

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Banner /vexillum

Wing / alae

Keel /carina

ovary

Papilionaceous flower

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Caesalpinnaceous flowerMACS Cobar

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African violets

Pseudoranthenum

Thumbergia

Bilabiate flowers

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Labellum / lip

sepal

petal

Orchidaceous flower MACS Cobar

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Bilabiate

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Fascicle Spadix

spathe

bract

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Reproduction

Alternation of generationsa. Gametophyte - sexual plant1. Female embryo sac

2. Male pollen nucleib. Sporophyte asexual plant

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Carpel

Megasporophyll- ovary Closed sac protecting the

ovules (megasorus)

Ovules transformed budsdeveloping as seeds

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Parts of the ovule

1. Nucellus (megasporangium)- Embryo sac with 8 nuclei (egg, 2 synergids, 3

antipodals and 2 polar bodies)

2. Funiculus ovular stalk3. Chalaza vascular plexus

4. Integuments seed coats5. Foramen or micropyle - opening

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StamenMicrosporophyll / stamen

Anther / microsorus filament

Microsporangium / pollen sac Anther lobes

Pollen mother cell

Pollen grain / microspore

meiosisPollen

(male gametophyte)

membranes

Generative / mother cell

Vegetative / tube cell

Extine / exosporiun -sporopollenin

Intine / endosporium

haploid

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Ovary wall

locule

septum

placenta

ovule

funiculus

chalaza

Embryo sac

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meiosis

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A

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B

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Pollination Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma Kinds

1. Close or self- pollinationa. self sterilityb. different maturation time (protoandrous,

protogynous)

c. differences in distance2. cross pollinationa. wind anemophilousb. insects entomophilousc. water currents hydrophilousd. small animals birds (ornithophilous); snails

(malacophilous); bats (chirophilous)

e. manMACS Cobar

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E

Z

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Seed Fertilized mature ovule containing an embryo 4 principal parts of the embryo

1. Caulicle embryonic stem2. Plumule embryonic bud (apex of caulicle and

rudimentary leaves)3. Radicle embryonic root4. Cotyledon 1 or 2 seed leaves

- epicotyl (above the cotyledon)- hypocotyl (below the cotyledon)

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f d

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Parts of a seed Integuments of ovule seed coats

1. Testa outer integumenta. coma c. wingsb. awn- third integument aril (excrescence,

caruncle/strophiole); arillode2. Tegmen inner integument

Hilum scar

Raphe continuation of the funiculus along thetesta

albumenMACS Cobar

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Embryo developmentMACS Cobar

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