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Fluxo de energia, ciclo da matéria e sucessão ecológica
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5/12/2018 Fluxo de Energia_ciclo Da Materia_2011_FV - slidepdf.com
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?:66 ) ?:6?
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Lnr f zæck`f >? n >8 n rnflkwfr f fhtkqkdfdn df zæc. >8
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Xnrnx F~tetrøakhex ‘ xèe xnrnx qkqex hfzfwnx dnzred~wkr f x~f zrøzrkf iftërkf ercï`khf f zfrtkr dexhe`xtkt~k`tnx k`ercï`khex -iftërkf ik`nrfl, æc~f ndkø}kde dn hfroe`e+ v~n n}kxtni, `e inke fiokn`tn.N}7 Zlf`tfx hei hlereaklf n fx flcfx.
Xnrnx Mntnretrøakhex ‘ xnrnx qkqex v~n
zrnhkxfi dn he`x~ikr iftërkf ercï`khf zfrffoxerqnr n`nrckf n `~trkn`tnx. N}7 Tedexf`kifkx n ex a~`cex
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Hfdnkf flkin`tfr
Ë heikde zerË heikde zer
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6. Nxhrnqn `e hfdnr`e dkærke > hfdnkfx flkin`tfrnx .
? ._nckxtf e xkc`kakhfde dex xnc~k`tnx tnriex7 Hfdnkf flkin`tfr2 zred~ter2 he`x~ikder2 he`x~ikder dn 6.§ Erdni -H6+2 he`x~ikder dn ?.§ Erdni -H?+ n he`x~ikder dn 8.§ Erdni -H8+.
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6 .Nxhrnqn `e hfdnr`edkærke e v~n n`tn`dnx
zer `éqnl trøakhe.
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@fx dkanrn`tnx hfdnkfx flkin`tfrnx zedniex n`he`trfr `eriflin`tn, trçx tkzex dn hftncerkfx dnxnrnx qkqex7 zred~ternx, he`x~ikdernx n dnheizexkternx.
Zred~ternx ‘ xèe xnrnx qkqex hfzfwnx dn zred~wkr e xn~ zrøzrke flkin`te2 xèe tfioëi dnxkc`fdexf~tetrøakhex. Eh~zfi e 6· `éqnl trøakhe.
He`x~ikdernx ) xèe xnrnx qkqex Mntnretrøakhex v~n xn flkin`tfi dkrntf e~ k`dkrntfin`tn dfiftërkf ercï`khf, zred~wkdf znlex zred~ternx.
Dnheizexkternx7 ‘ xèe xnrnx qkqex mntnretrøakhex v~n trf`xaerifi f iftërkf ercï`khf, dn v~n xnflkin`tfi -hfdæqnrnx n zred~tex dn n}hrnãèe, heie fx anwnx n f ~rk`f, dex ercf`kxiex dn tedex ex`éqnkx trøakhex+, ni iftërkf ik`nrfl v~n ë dnqelqkdf fe xele.
_nflkwfr f zæck`f ?:, ?6 n ?? de Hfdnr`e dn Fhtkqkdfdnx n}nrhéhkex ?, 8 n 4
_nx~ik`de7
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6.Nxhrnqn 8 hfdnkfx
flkin`tfrnx, rnzrnxn`tf`deex dnheizexkternx.
?. Kdn`tkakhf ex dkanrn`tnx`éqnkx trøakhex eh~zfde znlfæc~kf.
Tnkf flkin`tfr ë ~i he`g~`te dnhfdnkfx flkin`tfrnx k`tnrlkcfdfx.
_nxzextfx76.
Ærqern -@6+ )0 cfaf`mete -@?+ )0 zæxxfre -@8+ )0 heorf -@4+ )0 æc~kf -@>+
Ærqern -@6+ )0 Cfaf`mete-@?+ )0 _è-@8+ )0Heorf-@4+)0 Æc~kf -@>+
Ærqern -@6+)0 rfte -@?+ )0 her~gf -@8+ )0æc~kf -@4+
?. @nxtf tnkf flkin`tfr f æc~kf eh~zf e 4· ne >· `éqnl trøakhe
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Aktezlï`te`Weezlï`te`
Znxv~kxf n rnckxtf `e hfdnr`e dkærke f dnak`kãèe dn aktezlï`te` n weezlï`te`.
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mttz7%%sss.`nt}zlkhf.hei%Qnrkakhf%hfdnkfx.tnkfx.flkin`tfrnx.mti
Tnxtf ex tn~x he`mnhkin`tex7
Tedf f hfdnkf flkin`tfr k`khkf)xn zer ~i zred~ter. Ni hfdf hei~`kdfdn n}kxtni qærkfx hfdnkfx flkin`tfrnxk`tnrlkcfdfx v~n he`xtkt~ni ~if rndn e~ tnkf flkin`tfr. @~if tnkf flkin`tfr, ex inxiex xnrnx qkqex zedni znrtn`hnr fqærkfx hfdnkfx flkin`tfrnx. E inxie xnr qkqe zedn eh~zfr dkanrn`tnx `éqnkx trøakhex.
_nflkwfr ex n}nrhéhkex de Hfdnr`e dn Fhtkqkdfdnx ftë ê zæc. ?8
_nx~ik`de7
_nflkwfr f fhtkqkdfdn df zæck`f >= de lkqre
Trfoflme dn aërkfx7
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Aki de 6.· Znréede
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Herrnãèe df zæc. >= de lkqre
6. Ë e he`g~`te dn xnrnx qkqex dn ~if hei~`kdfdn v~n xn flkin`tfi n xnrqni dn flkin`te
~`x fex e~trex.
?. F~tetrøakhex zred~wni f x~f zrøzrkf iftërkf ercï`khf f zfrtkr df iftërkf ik̀ nrflMntnretrøakhex zrnhkxfi dn he`x~ikr iftërkf ercï`khf zfrf zred~wkr e xn~ zrøzrke flkin`te
8. Aktezlï`te`)0weezlï`te`)0Hfifrèe)ie~re)0hfrf`c~nge qnrdn)0znr`f)qnrinlmf)0æc~kf)xfznkrf
Aktezlï`te`)0Weezï`te`)0Hfoew)df)frnkf)0_eofle Aktezlï`te`)0Tfk`mf)0Cfrãf)rnfl Aktezï`te`)0Lfio~gk`mf)0Hfoew ‘dn)frnkf)0reofle
Aktezlï`te`)0Weezlï`te )̀0Hfifrèe)ie~re)0reofle
Aktezï`te`)0Weezlï`te`)0Hfifrèe)ie~re)0hfrf`c~nge ‘qnrdn)0reofle4.6 ‘ Zrkinkre `kqnl trøakhe
4.? ‘ Tnrhnkre `éqnl trøakhe
>.6 ‘ Tfk`mf, weezlï`hte` n lfio~gk`mf
>.? ‘ Cfrãf)rnfl, hfoew)dn)frnkf n hfifrèe)ie~re
>.8 ‘ reofle n hfrf`c~nge)qnrdn
1. ‘ Tnkf flkin`tfr ë e he`g~`te dn qærkfx hfdnkfx flkin`tfrnx k`tnrlkcfdfx dn ~i nhexxkxtnif3. ‘ _eofle, zekx eh~zf `f tnkf flkin`tfr e v~frte n v~k`te `éqnl trøakhe.
=. ‘ Ex zred~ternx xèe xnrnx qkqex hfzfwnx dn zred~wkr e xn~ zrøzrke flkin`te ftrfqëx df aetexxé`tnxn
Ex zred~ternx xèe f ofxn dn tedfx fx hfdnkfx flkin`tfrnx.
;. ‘ Xèe xnrnx mntnretrøakhex v~n trf`xaerifi iftërkf ercï`khf ni iftërkf ik`nrfl
6:. ‘ Ex dnheizexkternx dnqelqni f iftërkf ik`nrfl fe xele
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_nxzkrfãèe
_nxzkrfãèe
_nxzkrfãèe
_nxzkrfãèe
N}hrnãèe
N}hrnãèe
N}hrnãèe
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F iftërkf hkrh~lf dn ~if aerif héhlkhf n he`té`~f . F iftërkf ik`nrfl ë trf`xaerifdf ni iftërkf ercï`khf znlex
zred~ternx, v~n hkrh~lf `e nhexxkxtnif ftrfqëx dex he`x~ikdernx,
v~f`de ex he`x~ikdernx n zred~ternx xearni f fãèe dex
dnheizexkternx , f iftërkf ercï`khf trf`xaerif)xn ni iftërkf ik`nrfl.
Heie hkrh~lfãèe f iftërkf`e nhexxkxtnif5
Iftërkf k`ercï`khf
Zred~wni f iftërkfercï`khf
He`xeini fiftërkf ercï`khf
Trf`xaerifi f iftërkfercï`khf ni k`ercï`khf
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mttz7%%nfrtmc~kdn.~hxd.nd~%nfrtmc~kdn%dkfcrfix%sftnrh{hln%
_nqn`de e hkhle okecnev~éikhe df æc~f7
Ex hkhlex okecnev~éikhex he`trko~ni zfrf e nv~kléorke de nhexxkxtnif
mttz7%%sss.{e~t~on.hei%sfthm5q9Fw?}d@~:W_b
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Fx Zkrïikdnx Nheløckhfx zedni xnr dnxhrktfx ni tnriex dn7
@÷inre Ifxxf -okeifxxf+ N`nrckf
6·. @éqnl trøakhe
?·. @éqnl trøakhe
8·. @éqnl trøakhe
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Zkrïikdn dn @÷inrex
K`dkhf f v~f`tkdfdn dn ercf`kxiex ni hfdf `éqnl trøakhe dn ~if hfdnkfflkin`tfr.
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Crfié`nfx
_ftex
Heorf
Crfié`nfxQfhfx
Hfrrfzftex
Ærqern
Ifhfhex
Zkelmex
Zkrïikdn dn @÷inrex
V~f`de ~if hfdnkf fzrnxn`tf f fhãèe dn zfrfxktfx, e `éqnl trøakhe v~ne rnzrnxn`tf ë ifkx `~inrexe.
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Zkrïikdn dn N`nrckf
K`dkhf f v~f`tkdfdn dn n`nrckf fh~i~lfdf ni hfdf `éqnl trøakhe
N`nrckf xelfr
Zred~ternx
He`x~ikdernx zrkiærkex
He`x~ikdernx xnh~`dærkex
He`x~ikdernx tnrhkærkex
G 9 Ge~lnx -~`kdfdn dn indkdf dn n`nrckf
" n`nrckf
) n`nrckf
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Zkrïikdn dn N`nrckf
N`nrckf rntkdf`e xkxtnifqkqe
N`nrckf znrdkdf
znle xkxtnif qkqe
@etn v~n, xein`tn ~if zfrtn df n`nrckf ë zfxxfdf zfrf e zrø}kie`éqnl trøakhe.
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Zkrïikdn dn Okeifxxf
K`dkhf e znxe tetfl e~ okeifxxf fh~i~lfde ni hfdf `éqnl trøakhe, e~ xngf,v~f`tkdfdn dn iftërkf qkqf ni hfdf `éqnl.
Fqnx
Cfaf`metex
Zlf`tfx
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mttz7%%sss.`nt}zlkhf.hei%Qnrkakhf%h.oketkhex6.mtimttz7%%sss.`nt}zlkhf.hei%Qnrkakhf%h.oketkhex?.mtimttz7%%sss.`nt}zlkhf.hei%Qnrkakhf%h.oketkhex8.mtimttz7%%sss.`nt}zlkhf.hei%qnrkakhf.e.v~n.xfonx%=.tniznrft~rf.kc~f`f.mti
mttz7%%sss.`nt}zlkhf.hei%Qnrkakhf%hfdnkfx.tnkfx.flkin`tfrnx.mti
Tnxtf ex tn~x he`mnhkin`tex7
_nflkwfr ex n}nrhéhkex de Hfdnr`e dn Fhtkqkdfdnx df zæc. ?8 ftë ê ?>
_nflkwfr fx fhtkqkdfdnx dfx zæck`fx 1: n 18 de lkqre
Trfoflme dn hfxf7
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X~hnxxèe
Nheløckhf
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X~hnxxèe nheløckhf
I~df`ãf crfd~fl df nxtr~t~rf n heizexkãèe dfhei~`kdfdn ̀ ~i nhexxkxtnif.
Zrehnxxe ni v~n hei~`kdfdnx xkizlnx qèexn`de x~oxtkt~édfx zer e~trfx ifkx heizln}fx.
Zrehnxxe dn x~oxtkt~kãèe dn ~ifx zez~lfãþnxzer e~trfx, `~if inxif ærnf, ftë xn ftk`ckr ~if
hei~`kdfdn ni nv~kléorke hei e inke.
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X~hnxxèe nheløckhf
rehmfx `~fx, d~`fx, klmfx q~lhï`khfx,
lfcex rnhëi)aerifdex
K`khkf)xn `~if ærnf `f v~fl
f`tnrkerin`tn n}kxtkfi
xnrnx qkqex
X~hnxxèe
xnh~`dærkf
X~hnxxèe
zrkiærkfK`khkf)xn `~if ærnf `f v~fl
f`tnrkerin`tn `èe
n}kxtkfi xnrnx qkqex we`fx frdkdfx, hfizex fof`de`fdex,
we`fx flfcfdfx
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
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X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
F hm~qf n eqn`tednxk`tncrf`def rehmf
Nxzëhknx zke`nkrfxheie lév~n`nx, k`xtflfi)xn n iedkakhfi f rehmf,k`khkf`de f aerifãèe dexele
E~trfx zlf`tfxheinãfi f
k`xtflfr)xn n fnxznxx~rf dexele f~in`tf
Crfié`nfx nfro~xtex
he`xnc~nik`xtflfr)xn.
Nxtæ nxtfonlnhkdf~if hei~`kdfdn
hlkif}
X~hnxxèe `~if rehmf `~f‡
Hei~`kdfdn Zke`nkrf
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
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X~hnxxèe `~if rehmf `~f‡
Hei~`kdfdn
Zke`nkrf F~in`te df okedkqnrxkdfdn
F~in`te df heizln}kdfdn dfx tnkfx flkin`tfrnx
k`éhke trf`xkãèe nxtfoklkdfdn
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
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Hei~`kdfdn
Zke`nkrf
F x~hnxxèe zrkiærkf eherrn dn ~if aerif ln`tf n crfd~fl
c z
X è lø k k æ k
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X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
Hei~`kdfdn zke`nkrf
Nxzëhknx hfzfwnx dn k`khkfr ~if x~hnxxèe nheløckhf.
Nxzëhknx dn znv~n`e zertn n dn dnxn`qelqkin`te
ræzkde.
Nxzëhknx xkizlnx ifx rnxkxtn`tnx.
Hrkfi fx he`dkãþnx zfrf e fzfrnhkin`te n k`xtflfãèe dfx
hei~`kdfdnx xnc~k`tnx.
Lév~n`nx
X è lø k k æ k
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Hei~`kdfdn hlkif} Aerifdf zer zez~lfãþnx nxtæqnkx.
Zez~lfãþnx ni nv~kléorke dk`ïikhe hei e inke.
Hei nlnqfde `÷inre dn nxzëhknx n dn `khmex nheløckhex.
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf zrkiærkf
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf xnh~`dærkf
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c
K`hç`dkexFoftn dn ærqernx
Hf~xfx df dnxtr~kãèe dex nhexxkxtnifx7
X~hnxxèe nheløckhf xnh~`dærkf
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F x~hnxxèe xnh~`dærkf dnxn`qelqn)xn ifkx rfzkdfin`tn
de v~n f zrkiærkf ~if qnw v~n, znrif`nhni `e xele flc~`xercf`kxiex n xnin`tnx v~n ter`fi e x~oxtrfte ifkx afqeræqnlæ rnhele`kwfãèe.
c