PRATK YABANCI DL DZS-1 3

rnek cmleler iinde kullanl J o ve Trke karlklaryla

FOnu

" Iy e n iy c z y il

a k retim kurumu

HAZIRLAMA KURULU

kr MER

Orhan ERCEM

Gordon JONES

NSZ

unu ncelikle sylem eliyiz ki, bu kitap bir "deyim ler szl" d e ildir. Amac, bir deyim dili olan ngilizceyi renenlere ngilizce deyim leri uygulamal olarak ve rneklerle retm ek, sindirm elerini salam aktr. Trkede olduu gibi ngilizcede de gnlk konumalarda d e yim ler ok kullanlr. Elinizdeki kitapta ngilizcede en ok kullanlan deyim ler yer alm bulunm aktadr. Basit ve en ok kullanlandan, nispeten daha g ve daha az kullanlanlara doru bir sra izleyen bu deyim leri alr ken batan balamanz ve bir defada ok sayda deyim renm ek yerine azar azar ezberlem enizi ve eski rendiklerinizi sk sk te k rarlam anz neririz. Deyim lerin kullanld cm leleri de birok kereler okum ak suretiy le bellem eniz ok yararl olur. Burada deyim lerin bazlarnda bulunan "one's" szc zerinde k sa bir aklam a yapalm : "one" szcnn, "bir" anlam ndan ba ka, "biri, bir kimse, insan" anlamn da verdii malumdur, "s" ile m lkiyet ifadesi alm olan "one's" szcnn verdii anlam , "b iri nin, bir ahsn, bir kim senin" dir.

5

iinde "one's" szc bulunan bir deyim cm le iinde kullanlnca genellikle "one' s" yerine bir m lkiyet sfat kullanlr. Bu durum da d e y i m d e k i "one' s" buraya bir m lkiyet sfatnn geleceini iaret e t mi olm aktadr. rnein, to make up one's mind (birinin bir ahsn, bir kim senin kararn verm esi) deyim indeki "o n e 's'ye rin e , I make up my mind. She makes up her mind. cm lelerinde "my, her" m lkiyet sfatlar kullanlmtr. FONO

Sit down, please. Ltfen, oturunuz. The old wom en sat down on the chairs and w atched the soldiers. Yal kadnlar sandalyelerin stne oturdular ve askerleri seyrettiler. They sat down in fro n t of the church. Kilisenin nne oturdular. We are always very polite to to u rists. If you want, you can sit down. Biz turistlere (kar) daima kibarzdr. isterseniz oturabilirsiniz.

to stand up ayaakalkm ak

W hen the tea ch e r com es in we stand up. retmen girdii zaman ayaa kalkarz. Please stand up. Ltfen ayaa kalknz. She stood up when she saw me Beni grd vakit ayaa kalkt.

to look al bakm ak

:|l|

She looked at her frie n d 's new dress. Arkadann yeni elbisesine bakt. Don't look at me, look at your book. Bana bakma, kitabna bak. 1 was looking at the map when you came in. Sen ieri girdiin zaman ben haritaya bakyordum. What are you looking at? Neye bakyorsun?

to look for aramak

My m other is looking fo r her bag. Annem antasn aryor. What are you looking for? Ne aryorsun? They are looking fo r you. Seni aryorlar. When are you going to look fo r a house? Ne zaman ev arayacaksn?

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ut on lili i

giymek

Can't you put on som ething else? Baka bir ey giyemez misin? I will put on my new coat. Yeni ceketimi giyeceim. Did he put on his brown overcoat? Kahverengi paltosunu mu giydi?

to la k e a b u s (ta x i e tc .)

otobse (taksiye vs.) binmek

Do you take a bus every morning? Her sabah otobse mi binersiniz? She som etim es takes a taxi. 0 bazen taksiye biner. 1don't take a bus in the m orning. I go there on foot. Sabahleyin otobse binmem. Oraya yayan giderim. We wanted to ta ke a taxi, but we hadn't enough money. Bir taksiye binmek istedik, fakat yeterli paramz yoktu.

n

1 J to go to bed yatm ak

We go to bed at eleven o 'clock. Saat on bir'de yatarz. Our neighbours go to bed early. Komularmz erken yatarlar. Do your children go to bed late? ocuklarnz ge mi yatarlar? W hat tim e do you usually go to bed? Genellikle kata yatarsn?

I get up at seven o 'c lo c k every m orning. Her sabah saat yedide kalkarm. Do you get up early? Erken mi kalkarsn? She got up late th is m orning. Bu sabah ge kalkt. He never gets up early. O hi erken kalkmaz.

m

all right pekl^ k abul, uygun, tamam

All right, I w ill com e w ith you. Pekl, sizinle geleceim. W ill it be all right if I answ er you tom orrow ? Sana yarn cevap versem uygun olur mu? She can sleep here. It is all right w ith me. Burada uyuyabilir. Bence uygundur. All right, you can bring your friend. Pekl, arkadan getirebilirsin.

I think zannedersem, ka n mca, bence,galiba

I th in k w e 're late fo r school. Galiba okula ge kaldk. I think I left the fro n t do o r open. Galiba n kapy ak braktm.

I think you d o n 't love me any more. Galiba beni artk sevmiyorsun.

to catch a bus boat...) bir otobse (trene, vapura...) yetimek

I have to catch the first bus every morning. Her sabah ilk otobse yetimek zorundaym. Did you catch the last tra in yesterday night? Dn gece son trene yetitiniz mi? If you don't hurry up, you can 't catch the boat. Acele etmezsen vapura yetiemezsin.

to get back

dnmek, geriye gelmek

She got back from Ankara tw o days ago. Ankara'dan iki gn nce dnd. When did you get back fro m school? Okuldan ne vakit dndnz? I will sit w ith you until your blind frie n d gets back from the cinem a. Kr arkadan sinemadan gelinceye kadar seninle oturacam.

Z3

to get on (bir tata) binmek

They get on the tra in at this station. Trene bu istasyonda binerler. She got on the tram. Tramvaya bindi. The old w om an couldn't get on the bus. Yal kadn otobse binemedi. You can get on the bus at this bus stop. Bu otobs duranda otobse binebilirsin.

to get off (bir tattan) inmek

.......

They get off the tra in at this station. Trenden bu istasyonda inerler. She got off the tram. Tramvaydan indi. The old wom an couldn't get off the bus. Yal kadn otobste n inemedi. You can get off at the next stop. The station is very near. Bundan sonraki durakta inebilirsiniz, istasyon ok yakndr.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun olann koyunuz.

going - at - to - for - on - on - stand - take - up - down - all - get - off up

1. I have lost my pen. I am looking............. it. 2. What time did you go............. bed last night? 3. I think it's........... to rain. 4. You can go now. But you must............. back in time. 5. Hurry........... We must catch that bus. 6. May I lo o k ...........your pictures? 7. It's very cold. P u t............your coat. 8. Shall we..............a bus to the station or shall we walk? 9. Please take that chair and s it............. 10.............. right. You can go now. 11. What time do you get............. in the morning? 12. You must............. up when the teacher comes in. 13. If you get........... this bus, you can get to the station. 14. You can't get............The bus doesn't stop here.

hazrlamak, hazrolmak, hazrlanm ak

Get ready soon, I'm w aiting. abuk hazrlan, bekliyorum. Can you get the tea ready in five minutes? ay be dakikada hazrlayabilir misin? Get ready fo r a big surprise! Byk bir srpriz iin hazr ol!

come on haydi

Come on! I can't wait all day. Haydi! Btn gn bekleyemem. Come on and te ll me more about it. Haydi bana onun hakknda daha fazla anlat. Come on and w rite the letter. Haydi mektubu yaz. Come on! Let's go to the cinema. Haydi! Sinemaya gidelim.

at first ilk nce, nce

At first I th o u g h t you were a doctor, ilk nce sizin bir doktor olduunuzu sandm. At first she co u ld n 't understand the letter, ilk nce mektubu anlayamad. At firs t she d id n 't know our names, ilk nce isimlerimizi bilmiyordu. At firs t I co u ld n 't understand him. ilk nce onu anlayamadm.

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_

little by little azar azar, yava yava

mmm MM 111 *

.

Mm*

You can pay your debt little by little. Borcunu yava yava deyebilirsin. She must lose w eight little by little. Azar azar kilo vermeli (kaybetmeli). Little by little , Peter grew stronger. Yava yava Peter kuvvetlendi. The to u rists got used to Turkish fo o d little by little. Turistler Trk yem eine yava yava altlar.

to wait for (birisini) beklemek

I am w aiting fo r John. John'u bekliyorum. She w aited fo r me in the park. Parkta beni bekledi. Who are you w aiting for? Kimi bekliyorsunuz? The students will wait fo r th e te a c h e r in the classroom . renciler retmeni snfta bekleyecekler. "T T

how much ka para, ne fiyatta

How much is this hat? Bu apka ka paradr? How much did you pay fo r your car? Otomobilin iin ka para verdin? How much did th e y ask fo r the overcoat? Palto iin ka para istediler? How much are these flowers? Bu iekler ka paradr?

17

to uyumak_L l

:

.::

rifiM ,-As... .'. :. i,

i,-

'M

Some people go to sleep in a bus. Baz kimseler otobste uyurlar. I could not go to sleep because of the noise. Grltden uyuyamadm. I can't go to sleep w ith the light on. Ik yanarken uyuyamam.

of course kukusuZx tabii, elbette

Of course he is a good teacher. phesiz iyi bir retmendir. Of course I w ill study my lessons. phesiz derslerime alacam. Of course th e y like you more than me. phesiz seni benden daha ok severler. Of course you can understand these. phesiz bunlar anlayabilirsiniz.

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to take off karmak

He doesn't ta ke off his hat. 0 apkasn karmaz. Robert to o k off his hat. Robert apkasn kard. 1w ill take off my coat because it is hot here. Ceketimi karacam nk buras scak. Please take your shoes off before you com e in. Ltfen girmeden nce ayakkablarn kar.

He is not a good man at ali. 0 hi (katiyen) iyi bir adam deildir. 1 am not tire d at all. Hi yorgun deilim. Y o u rfrie n d is not clever at ali. Arkadan hi akll deildir. You aren't polite at all. You to o k my book w ithout asking me. Hi terbiyeli deilsiniz. Kitabm bana sormadan aldnz.

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to come to an end b itm ek,sona erm ek

The story came to an end. Hikye bitti. The tea party came to an end early. ay partisi erken sona erdi. The film came to an end unexpectedly. Film mit edilmedik ekilde sona erdi. The holidays came to an end, and school began. Tatiller sona erdi ve okul balad.

nihayet,sonunda

He caught the th ie f at last. Nihayet hrsz yakalad. He understood at last. Nihayet anlad. My frie nd w aited fo r the nurse and at last she came. Arkadam hemireyi bekledi ve nihayet o geldi.

for weeks (days, years., h aftalardr(gn 1erdir, yllardr...)

They have been living here fo r years. Yllardr burada oturuyorlar. I haven't seen my frie n d fo r days. Arkadam gnlerdir grmedim. It has been raining fo r hours. Saatlerdir yamur yayor. I haven't eaten meat fo r years. Yllardr et ye m e d im .

by myself (yourself, themselves etc.) kendikendim e (kendine, kendilerine, vb.)

I wrote the lette r by myself. They did not help me. Mektubu kendi kendime yazdm. Bana yardm etmediler. Can he go there by himself? Oraya kendi kendine gidebilir mi? I think you answered the questions by yourself. Sanrm sorular kendi kendine cevaplandrdn. The boy ate his fo od by himself. ocuk yiyeceini kendi kendine yedi.

ALITIRMALAR Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun olann koyunuz.

all - little - go - to - by - off - ready - at - weeks - first - on - fo r - how of

1. How does the story come............. an end? 2. I have found my pencil..............last. 3. Did you finish the work all............ yourself? 4. Take............your coat. It is hot. 5. I must get............The guests will soon come. 6. She has been waiting.............the bus for 50 minutes.. 7. com e.............We shall be late for the concert. 8. 9. much are these stockings? to sleep at once. You must get up early.

10..............course I believe you. 11. You can finish the w o r k ............ by little. 12. I couldn't understand the meaning at.............. 13. I haven't seen him fo r.............. 14. You don't understand me a t .............

to get out (kapal biryerden) km ak, defolmak, karm ak

Get out. I don't want to see you again. Dar k (defol) ! Seni bir daha grmek istemiyorum. He is making to o much noise. Tell him to get out. ok grlt yapyor. Syle dar ksn. I shall get out if you don't want me. Beni istemezseniz kacam.

to catch cold soukalm ak, tm ek

If you d o n't put on your overcoat when you go out, you w ill catch cold. Dar giderken paltonu giymezsen teceksin. I caught cold. ttm. (Souk aldm.) The w eather was fin e but the old man caught cold. Hava gzeldi, fakat yal adam tt. W hen you catch cold you must go to bed and rest. ttn zaman yatmal ve istirahat etmelisin.

by mistake yanllkla, bilmeden

o n e b y o ne (tw o b y tw o ...)

birer birer (ikier ikier...)

I to o k yo u r glass by m istake. Bardanz yanllkla aldm. He to o k th e wrong bus by m istake Bilmeden yanl otobse bindi. You to o k the wrong pills by m istake. Bilmeden yanl haplar aldn.

You can carry th e se chairs tw o by two. Bu sandalyeleri ikier ikier tayabilirsin. Bring the boys in one by one. ocuklar ieriye birer birer getir.

He dropped the letters into the box three by three. Mektuplar kutuya er er att. You can eat them one by one. Onlar birer birer yiyebilirsin.

to come from (biryer) ... li olmak

to have a walk, to go for a walk yry yapmak, gezinti yapmakI com e fro m Texas. Ben Teksaslym. W here do you com e from ? Sen nerelisin ? M r frie n d com es fro m C alifornia. Arkadam KaliforniyalI. They com e fro m London, but I com e fro m Birm ingham . Onlar Londral, fakat ben Birminghamlym. We w ill have a walk. Yry yapacaz. They had a w alk in the park. Parkta bir yry yaptlar. W ould you like to go fo r a w alk along this street? Bu cadde boyunca bir gezinti yapmak ister misiniz? We can go fo r a w a lk if you wish. stersen yrye kabiliriz.

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going to Zmmmmmm niyetinde olmak, kararnda olmak,

cek, - cak

I am going to see him soon. Onu yaknda greceim (kararm yle). W hat are you going to do ton ig ht? Bu gece ne yapmak niyetindesin? W here are you going to put the table? Masay nereye koymak niyetindesin?

I hope it w o n 't rain tom orrow . Umarm (inallah) yarn yamur yamaz. I hope yo u 'll get b e tte r soon. nallah yaknda iyileirsiniz.

I hope th is ship leaves th is week. nallah bu vapur bu hafta hareket eder.

I went on reading the sto ry book. Hikye kitabn okumaya devam ettim. Go on, I am listening. Devam et, dinliyorum. They w ent on te llin g the sam e story everywhere. Ayn hikyeyi her yerde sylemeye devam ettiler. She went on ta lkin g w ith o u t stopping. Hi durmadan konumaya devam etti.

:'

"-i....._________

yaya olarak, yryerek

We w ent there on foo t. Oraya yryerek gittik. He always goes to school on foo t. O okula daima yryerek gider. Did you com e by bus or on foot? Otobsle mi yoksa yryerek mi geldiniz? You can't go to the a irp o rt on foot. Havalimanna yryerek gidemezsin.

all day long btiingn

vR"Xv,w. w M w 1 . r1

He studies English all day long. Btn gn ngilizce alr. I sat there all day long w atching you. Sizi seyrederek btn gn orada oturdum. The girl was alone all day long. Kz btn gn yalnzd.

by hand elden, elle

Don't post this letter. Take it to his office by hand, Bu mektubu postalama. Onu brosuna elden gtr. These glass plates are all painted by hand. Btn bu cam tabaklar elle boyanmtr. Don't type th at letter. W rite it by hand. u mektubu daktiloda yazma. Elle yaz.

hand - made eldeyaplm , elii, elyaps

George has a new hand - made sweater. George'un el yaps yeni bir sveteri var. Hand - made copper trays are expensive. El yaps bakr tepsiler pahaldr. I prefer hand - made shoes. Elde yaplm ayakkablar tercih ederim. They sell hand - made goods at this shop. Bu dkknda elde yaplm eya satarlar.

kurunkalemle

Don't w rite in pencil. This is an official letter. Kurunkalemle yazma. Bu resmi bir mektup. You can't w rite your com position in pencil. Kompozisyonunu kurunkalemle yazamazsn. Shall I w rite in pencil? Kurunkalemle yazaym m?

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ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun olann koyunuz.

made - take - have - long - get - two - from - go - on - hope - in - hand to-by

1 Please........... out or I shall call the police. 2. I am from Turkey. Where do you come............. ? 3. Somebody has taken my umbrella..............mistake. 4. You can carry these chairs two by.............. 5. Don't............your coat off. You may catch cold. 6. I am listening to you. Please..............on. 7. This carpet was made by.............. 8. Do you think it's going..............rain? 9. Shall we..............a walk by the river? 10. I came to school.............foot this morning. 11. She never writes her letters............. pencil. 12. It rained all day............yesterday. 13. I...... .you're not late.

14. This is a hand..............sweater.

VI

all the time srekli, hep, devaml olarak

He sleeps in class all the tim e. Snfta srekli uyur. You are thinking of som ething else all the tim e. Sen hep baka eyler dnyorsun. She stays at home all the tim e. 0 her zaman evdedir, (evden hi kmaz.)

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to get better iyilemek, salna kavumak, dzelmek

I hope you'll soon get better, inallah abucak iyileirsin. She got better and left the hospital, iyileti ve hastaneden kt. The w eather is g e ttin g better every day. Hava her gn biraz daha dzeliyor. You must com e w ith us if you get better, iyileirsen bizimle gelmelisin.

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because of yz n den,sebebiyle, ...dendolay

They co u ld n 't go fo r a picnic because of the rain. Yamur yznden piknie gidemediler. We put off th e m atch because of the snow. Kar yznden ma erteledik. She co u ld n 't go to school because of her illness. Hastal nedeniyle okula gidemedi.

ju st now imdi, aznce

We got off the bus ju s t now. Otobsten imdi indik. I saw them ju s t now. They are com ing. Onlar imdi (az nce) grdm. Geliyorlar. It was raining just now, so I to o k my um brella. Az nce (yamur) yayordu, bu yzden emsiyemi aldm.

to have got I sahip olm ak

1 have got a book. Bir kitabm var. She has got th re e green bags. yeil antas var. Have you got an aspirin? Aspirinin var m? W hat have you got in your bag? antanda neyin var? I've got a siste r and tw o brothers. Bir kz, iki erkek kardeim var.

to make a fire ateyakm ak

They made a fire outside the tent. adrn dnda bir ate yaktlar. They made a fire to boil som e water. Biraz su kaynatmak iin ate yaktlar. She made a fire and cooked the fish. Bir ate yakt ve balklar piirdi.

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to he afraid ioft (...den)korkm ak.ekinmekt W omen are afraid of mice. Kadnlar farelerden korkarlar. Are you afraid of me? Benden korkuyor musun? 1 am afraid of dogs. Kpeklerden korkarm. What are you afraid of? Neden korkuyorsun?

to be angry with kzm ak.darlm ak

n_

1

Don't be angry w ith me. I just w anted to help you. Bana kzma. Sadece sana yardm etmek istedim. Why are you angry with your son? He's only eight years old. Oluna niin kzyorsun? 0 daha sekiz yanda. Will you be angry with me if I go now? imdi gidersem bana kzar msn? The te a c h e r was angry w ith the students. retmen rencilere kzd.

to have a talkkon m m a vavm ak,g rmek

Have a ta lk w ith him about this problem . Bu mesele hakknda onunla bir konu. We want to have a ta lk with your father. Babanzla grmek istiyoruz. W e'll have a ta lk in the morning. Sabahleyin konuacaz.

if necessary gerekirse, icabederse

III!

1can come earlier if necessary. Gerekirse daha erken gelebilirim. Can you give us some more if necessary? Gerekirse bize biraz daha verebilir misiniz? Change the w hole program m e if necessary. Gerekirse btn program deitir. You will fly to catch him, if necessary. Onu yakalamak iin gerekirse uacaksn.

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parakazanm ak,parayapm ak

He made a lot of money in Canada. Kanada'da ok para kazand. Some people go to Australia to make money. Baz kimseler para kazanmak iin Avustralya'ya giderler. W here did she make so much money? Bu kadar ok paray nerede yapt? Mr. B rom field sold cotton to European countries and made a lot of m oney in a very short tim e. Mr. Bromfield Avrupa lkelerine pamuk satt ve ok ksa zamanda ok para kazand.

l i lik

mrekkeple________________ : ______ ________________ _

You must w rite your letters in ink. Mektuplarnz mrekkeple yazmalsnz. This fo rm should be fille d up in ink. Bu form (kt) mrekkeple doldurulacaktr. The te a c h e r w ants the hom ew ork in ink. retmen ev devini mrekkeple istiyor.

What's the m atter? H Ne var? Ne oluyor?Ne oldu ?

i m i

....

W hat's the m atter? You are so sad. Ne oldu? ok kederlisin. W hy is he so angry? W hat's the m atter? Niin ok fkeli? Ne oldu? W hat's the m atter? Aren't you glad to have a bath? Ne var, (ne oluyor)? Banyo yaptna memnun deil misin?

to make friends arkada oim ak __

I can't make frie n d s easily. Kolayca arkada olamam. When she was th e re , she made frie n d s w ith all of them . Ordayken onlarn hepsiyle arkada oldu. She doesn't w ant to make frien d s w ith us. Bizimle arkada olmak istemez.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

money - of - of - a - friends - in - with - the - make - better - have n o w - a ll - if

1. We missed the bus because............you. 2. All the letters must be written............. ink. 3. What's............. matter? Can't you see the picture? 4. How is your mother? Is she getting.............? 5. She talks in the classroom.............the time. 6. Is your father still angry............you? 7. I can go and see him myself............. necessary. 8. I must have............talk with your father. 9. It's getting cold. Shall we............. a fire? 10. Your friend left ju s t ............. 11. Some girls are afraid............. dogs. 12............ .you got a pen? 13. She can't make..............easily. 14. How has he made so much............. ?

38

istemek, talep etmek

The girl asked fo r a pencil. Kz bir kalem istedi. W hat did you ask for? Ne istediniz? I asked fo ry o u r letters, but th e y d id n 't give them to me. Mektuplarn istedim fakat onlar bana vermediler. The old wom an asked fo r a cup of tea. Yal kadn bir fincan ay istedi.

at once derhal, hemen

:

;

. V.

; : VV

: ..V

V : ; : : V :,

Please com e here at once. Ltfen derhal buraya gel. Our te a c h e r told him to go out at once. retmenimiz ona derhal dar kmasn syledi. You must answ er my questions at once. Sorularma derhal cevap vermelisin. The police caught the killer at once. Emniyet katili derhal yakalad.

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alk olmak___________ __________________ __ ________

I am used to w aitin g fo r her. Onu beklemeye alm. She is used to cold w eather. 0 souk havaya alktr. They are used to studying in the library. Ktphanede almaya alktrlar. He is not used to carrying heavy things. He was a rich m an's son. Ar eyleri tamaya alk deildir. 0 zengin bir adamn oluydu.

every o th e r day

m-

gn ar, iki gnde bir

We have English lessons every other day. Gn ar ngilizce derslerimiz var.

A wom an com es to clean th e house every other day. Bir kadn iki gnde bir evi temizlemee gelir. The te ache r gives us hom ew ork every other day. retmen bize gn ar ev devi verir.

to go for a picnic piknie kmak, piknik yapmak

Let's go fo r a picnic tom orrow . Haydi yarn bir piknie gidelim. All the children have gone f o r a picnic. Btn ocuklar piknie gittiler. He likes to go fo r a picnic with his w ife. Kars ile piknie kmay sever.

for ever ebediyen, ilelebet, sonsuza dek

I shall rem em ber him fo r ever. Onu ebediyen hatrlayacam. They will live in tha t sm all house fo r ever. lelebet o kk evde oturacaklar. You can't use the sam e old car fo r ever. Ayn eski arabay ilelebet kullanamazsn. I w ill love you fo r ever. Seni sonsuza dek seveceim.

Al

to catch fire Hvw!: k atealm ak, tutum ak

The house caught fire . Ev ate ald. The curtains and the door caught fire. Perdeler ve kap tututu. If you put the books near the stove, they w ill catch fire . Kitaplar sobann yanna koyarsanz tutuacaklar. The little hut caught fire and we co uld n't put it out. Kk kulbe tututu ve biz onu sndremedik.

to look alter bakm ak, zen gsterme k ____

She w ill look a fte r our children when we are away. Biz yokken ocuklarmza o bakacak. W ho w ill look a fte r the old man? Yal adama kim bakacak? My m other looks a fte r my son when we go to the cinem a. Sinemaya gittiim iz zaman oluma annem bakar. The old w om an looks a fte r her grandson when his m other goes to w ork in a fa c to ry . Annesi bir fabrikada almaya gittii zaman yal kadn torununa ba kar.

right away derhal,hemen

m

He w ill go th e re righ t away. Derhal oraya gidecek. Can you com e to the sta tio n right away? Derhal istasyona gelebilir misin? We will send you the books right away. Kitaplar size derhal gndereceiz.

do you mind sizce bir saknca var m ? mahzuru var m ?

Do you mind if I open the window? Pencereyi amamda sizce saknca var Do you mind standing up? I hate to i sitting on my bed. Ayaa kalkmanzda bir sa knca var m? (Ltfen ayaa kalkar msnz?) nsanlarn yatamda oturmalarndan nefret ederim.

to fall asleep uyumak, uykuya dalmak

__

The baby cried fo r a long tim e, and the n fe ll asleep. Bebek uzun bir sre alad ve sonra uykuya dald. The farm er lay on the grass and fe ll asleep. ifti ot stnde yatt ve uyudu. If you wait in th is hot room, you w ill fall asleep. Bu scak odada beklersen uykuya dalarsn. The old w om an fe ll asleep while w atching television. Yal kadn televizyon seyrederken uyudu.

sesini kesmek, susmak

It is rude to say "shut up!" but it isn't an insult. "Sus!" demek kabadr fakat bir hakaret deildir. Shut up, boys. Y our father is sleeping. Susun ocuklar. Babanz uyuyor. Will you shut up, please? I am reading. Ltfen susar msnz? Okuyorum. Tell her to shut up. Syle ona, sesini kessin.

right here (then, now) tam burada (o zaman, imdi)

'

]

You can't use your handkerchief right now. Tam imdi mendilini kullanamazsn. She was right here. Tam buradayd. 1 will give him the le tte r right now. Ona mektubu tam (hemen) imdi vereceim.

to take a picture (photo) resim ekmek, fotoraf ekmek

l i l l l l i i l l ! s llllli

All the to u rists are ta kin g pictures, (photos) Btn turistler resim ekiyorlar. Can you ta ke good pictures? iyi resim ekebilir misin? He likes to ta ke his children's pictures. ocuklarnn resmim ekmekten holanr.

to take a look at bakmak, bir bakvermekALI TIR M ALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

Take a look at my new books. Yeni kitaplarm a bir bak. We w anted to ta ke o look at the new cars. Yeni otomobillere bakmak istedik. Let us take a look at th e ir flow ers. Onlarn ieklerine bir bakalm.

picnic - to - after - for - every - once - if - fo r - fall - catch - up right away - take

1. He doesn't go to work every day. He goes to work .......day.

ther

My w ife w anted to take a look at your green dress. Karm sizin yeil elbisenize bir bakmak istedi.

2. Do you sometimes..............asleep at the cinema? 3. shut............. I can't hear the music. 4. The man was killed............. here. 5. Can I............ a picture of your daughter? 6. You must go to school rig h t............. 7. Who will lo o k .......... the children if you go now? 8. I shall live in this town..............ever. 9. Be careful! Your newspaper will............ .fire. 10. She Is not used cold weather. When did the accident take place? Koza ne zaman oldu? The m eeting w ill take place at nine o'clo ck in the morning. Toplant sabahleyin saat dokuzda olacak. Where did the fig h t take place? Kavga nerede oldu? The accident to o k place when we were w alking down the street. Kaza biz caddeden aa yrrken oldu.

to take place vuku bulmak, olmak

----------------------------------'

11. Do you mind............. I open the windows? 12. We are going for a........... .tomorrow. 13. You must answer me at.............. 14. She is asking............your help.

to turn off ( k, m usluk, radyov.b.) kapam ak

Turn off the radio. Radyoyu kapa. You must turn off the light before you go to bed. Yatmadan nce lambay, kapamalsnz. Who fo rg o t to turn off the tap? Musluu kapamay kim unuttu?

( k, m usluk, radyov. b .) am ak

I w ill tu rn on the light. I, yakacam (aacam). Please tu rn on the tap. Ltfen musluu anz. Who turn ed on the radio? Radyoyu kim at?

r to shake hands e! skm ak, el skmak

The tw o frie n d s shook hands, ki arkada el sktlar. 1 don't like shaking hands. El skmay sevmem. When you meet your friends you shake hands. Arkadalarnzla karlanca el skrsnz. Some people don't like shaking hands. Baz kimseler el skmay sevmezler.

to make room for yer amak

Can you make room fo r me on this sofa? Bu divanda bana yer aabilir misiniz? We can't make room fo r you because the car is too crowded. Sana yer aamayz, nk otomobil ok kalabalk. Please make r o o m f o r t h e newcom ers. Ltfen yeni gelenler iin yer anz. Make room fo r your friends. Arkadalarnza yer an.

At present we have no fre e room s. u anda hi bo odamz yok. The w eather is fin e at present. Hava imdilik gzel. The baby isn't crying at present. Bebek imdilik alamyor.

to take a seat biryere (biroturm averine) o tu rm a k ___________________

He always takes a seat opposite som ebody. O daima bir kimsenin karssnda oturur.

I to o k a seat near th e driver. ofre yakn biryere oturdum. She opened the door of the c o m p a rtm e n t and to o k a seat by the w indow . Kompartmann kapsn at ve pencerenin yannda biryere oturdu.

to take care of

1 " ........

"'

..........

bakm ak, ilgilenmek, alkadarolm ak

I w ill ta ke care of your children. ocuklarnza bakacam. She can take care of your baby when you go shopping. Siz alverie gittiiniz zaman bebeinize bakabilir. Your m other is sick, you must take care of her. Annen hastadr, ona bakmalsn. W ho is going to take care of the baby when you are away? Siz yokken bebee kim bakacak?

kamak_

The boy ran away fro m school. ocuk okuldan kat. The th ie f to o k all my m oney and ran away. Hrsz btn param ald ve kat. Have you seen my son? He ran away fro m home this m orning t a king his m other's jew els. Olumu grdn m? Annesinin mcevherlerini alarak bu sabah evden kat.

(birisine) ak olmak

I fe ll in love w ith th a t girl. u kza k oldum. Peter fe ll in love w ith M ary when he was nineteen years old. Peter on dokuz yandayken Mary'ye k oldu. Robert falls in love w ith bea utifu l girls as soon as he sees them . Robert gzel kzlara, onlar grr grmez k olur. His son fe ll in love w ith an old woman. Onun olu yal bir kadna ak oldu.

more or less

aayukar

_____________

It is a three - hour jo urne y m ore or less. Aa yukar saatlik bir yolculuktur. He is more or less the sam e age as you. Aa yukar sizinle ayn yatadr. I answered half of the q uestions more or less. Aa yukar sorularn yarsna cevap verdim. He gets more or less 3 0 0 0 do lla rs a month. Aa yukar ayda 30000 dolar alr.

togetusedto almak

> :

i .... 'ii.:.,.:, :

They w ill soon get used to the clim ate Yaknda, hemen ikli me alacaklar. You w ill get used to cold weather. Souk havaya ala caksnz. Henry can 't get used to o u rfo o d . Henry bizim yiyeceimize alamaz. 7

l] *

*

]

If>

1 if

(I 4 ) J _ vv/

i

1

by night (by day) geceleyin, geceleri (gndzleri)

||:i

' ; |

|

: |||:

We travelled by day and spent the nights in hotels. Gndzleri yolculuk ettik, geceleri otellerde geirdik. She likes travelling by night. O geceleyin yolculuk etmeyi sever. He w orks by day. O gndzleri alr.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

to - in - of - take - take - look - by - with - less - away - on - room o ff-a t

1. Do not stand up. Please............. a seat. 2. Two killers ran........... .from prison this morning. 3. What time did the accident............. place? 4. I want to sit down. Can you make.............for me too? 5. He works..............night. 6. Don't turn........... .the radio. I want to read my book. 7. Who is the new director............. present? 8. The meal isn't ready because somebody turned.............the gas. 9. You'll get more or.............50000 liras. 10. I have fallen............. love with that girl. 11. Shake hands............ .the guests when they arrive. 12. I can't get used.............these new hats. 13. Who will take care............the children when you go away? 14. May I take a..............at your new dress?

_

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

,

fro m tim e to tim e

zam anzam an, aradasirada___________________

We play tennis fro m tim e to tim e. Zaman zaman tenis oynarz. From tim e to tim e he comes to see us. Arada srada bizi gr meye gelir. From tim e to tim e he catches a fish. Arada srada bir balk yakalar.

---------;------to c a tc h an illn e s s

birh a st a l a y ak alan m ak,h astalanm ak

She caught one illness a fte r another. Birbiri arkasna hastalklara yakaland. Children catch th is illness at school. ocuklar bu hastala okulda yakalanrlar. Don't catch an illness w aiting fo r your girl frie nd . Kz arkadan bekleyerek hastalanma.

55

to get to (a place) biryere vasl olmak, varmak

I th in k we w ill get th e re at six o'clock. Sanrm saat altda oraya varacaz. Our bus got to Ankara at eight o 'clock. Otobsmz Ankara'ya saat sekizde vard. When did th e y get there? Oraya ne zaman vardlar?

.......................... ..................................................... ..

-

in a hurry aceleyle, acele, tela iinde

I ran to the d o o r a hurry. Aceleyle kapya kotum. Mary cooked the meal in a hurry and w en t to the station. Mary yemei aceleyle piirdi ve istasyona gitti. The girl w ro te th e le tte r in a hurry. Kz mektubu aceleyle yazd. She left the house in a hurry. Evi tela iinde terk etti.

to take part in itirak etmek, katlmak

He did n 't ta ke part in the quarrel. Kavgaya itirak etmedi. She was at home so she cou ld n't take part in the m eeting. Evdeydi, bu sebepten toplantya katlmad. I d o n't want to ta k e part in th is conversation. Bu konumaya katlmak istemem.

oh dear! aman Allahm, aman Yarabbi!

Oh dear! I've fo rg o tte n my key. Aman Allahm! Anahtarm unutmuum. Oh dear! It's raining again. Aman Allahm! Yine yamur yayor. Oh dear! The days are getting shorter. Aman Yarabbi! Gn ler ksalyor.

I

. ..... ....... ..... .. ............ '.....

to be tired of bkmak, gna getirmek, canna tak demek__

He is tire d of doing the same w o rk fo r years. Yllardr ayn ii yapm aktan bkt. We are tire d of th e old film s on TV. Televizyondaki eski filmlerden bktk. He seem s to be tired of his w ife. Karsndan bkm gibi grnyor.

to get ill (well, tired, wet)

hasta (iyi, yorgun, slak vs.) olmak

I got ill last w eek. Geen hafta hastalandm. You w ill get w ell. yileeceksin. I get tire d if go on foot. Yayan gidersem yorulurum. The hat got w et. apka sland.

58

He was late th is m orning. That's w hy he w ill stay in a fte r school. Bu sabah ge kald. Bu yzden okuldan sonra (okulda) kalacak. I can't see him tom orro w . That's w hy I ask you to see him. Onu yarn gremem. Bu sebepten onu grmenizi istiyorum. She isn't here yet. T hat's why we ca n't begin. Henz burada deil. Bu sebepten balayamayz.

n general, people p re fe r cheap thin g s to expensive ones. Genellikle insanlar ucuz eyleri pahallarna tercih eder. Englishm en, in g e ne ra l, can't learn fo re ig n languages. ngilizler genellikle yabanc diller renemezler. n general to u ris ts w ant inexpensive but clean h o tel's and good service. Genellikle turistler pahal olmayan fakat temiz oteller ve iyi servis ister ler. n general fa th e rs are right. Genellikle babalar hakldr.

--------togos

ahsyeriegitmek

When do you go shopping? Alverie ne zaman gidersiniz? My m other w ent shopping. Annem alverie gitti. Some people d o n't like going shopping. Baz kimseler alverie gitmeyi sevmezler. I d o n 't like going shopping w ith the m because they spend tw o ho urs buying a tie. Onlarla alverie gitmeyi sevmem, nk bir kravat almak iin iki saat harcarlar.

. .. .

upside down bas aa

The picture is upside down on the w all. Resim duvarda ba aadr. The bus was upside down in the fie ld .

Otobs tarlada ba aayd.Why did you put the vase upside down? Vazoyu niin ba aa koydun? Why are you holding the paper upside down? Gazeteyi niin ba aa tutuyorsun?

to give upvazgemek, brakmak

The old man gave up drinking beer. Yal adam bira imekten vazgeti. She w ill give up going to tea parties. ay partilerine gitmekten vazgeecek. You must give up trying to ta ke a photo of her. Onun resmini ekmekten vazgemelisin.

to get away kamak, uzaklamak

How did he get away fro m prison? Hapishaneden nasl kat? They locked the doo r but he got away. Kapy kilitlediler, fakat o kat. We want to get aw ay from this d irty city. Bu pis ehirden uzaklamak istiyoruz. Some children g o t away from school. Baz ocuklar okuldan kat.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

dear - go - time - part - a - catch - of - to - get - why - tired - up down - in

1. They ran to the station in............. hurry. 2. How did you............away from school? 3. I shall give............. smoking next week. 4. Will you take............. in our new play? 5. I want to help you. That's............. I am here. 6. I don't like modern music.............general. 7. You get angry from ........... to time. 8. Don't turn the box upside.............. 9. How can I get............. the new hospital? 10. Can I.............shopping with you? 11. If you work so hard you'll g e t............. 12. She is tired.............living in a village. 13. If you g e t...........this bus, you can get to the station. 14. You can't g e t........... The bus doesn't stop here.

no more daha, artk, bakaca, hi

He has no more m oney left. Artk hi paras yok. We have no more books to give you. Size verecek baka kitabmz kalmad. There is no m ore sugar left in the house. Evde hi eker kalmam.

one after another (one after the other) birbirinin peinden, arka arkaya

She washed the glasses one a fte r another. Bardaklar arka arkaya ykad. The children entered the school one a fte r another. ocuklar birbirinin peinden okula girdiler.

The fishes learnt to swim o n e a fte ra n o th e r. Balklar birbirinin pein den yzmeyi rendiler.

to be about to zere olmak

The tra in is about to leave the statio n. Tren istasyonu terk etmek zeredir. It was about to rain, so I to o k Yamur yamak zere idi, bu yzden ya murluumu aldm. You are about to hear good news. yi bir haber duy mak zeresin.

on ones w a y (to) biryere giderken, oraya giderken

She met her frie n d s on her way to school. Okula giderken arkadalarna rastlad. Is there a post o ffic e on your way to the office? Daireye giderken (yolunun zerinde) bir postane var m? I always do my shopping on my way home. Alveriimi daima eve gelirken yaparm.

64

t o f a l l ill

----------

hastalanmak, hastala yakalanmak

Last w eek he fe ll ill. Geen hafta hastaland. Many people fa ll ill in winter. Birok kii kn hastalanr. I hope you w o n 't fa ll ill during your holiday. nallah tatilinde hastalanmazsn. The fo o tb a ll te am was not successful because tw o of his best pla-. y e rs fe ll ill. Futbol takm baarl olmad, nk en iyi oyuncularnn ikisi hastalan d.

The patient is g e ttin g worse, send fo r the doctor. Hasta fenalayor, doktoru arn. The children are fig h tin g , send fo rth e headm aster. ocuklar dvyorlar, mdre haber verin. Did you send fo r the milkm an fo r som e m ore milk? Biraz daha st iin stye haber gnderdin mi?

Its time (to. ) . (.....me) vaktidir

We can't stay any longer. It's tim e to go. Daha fazla kalamayz. Gitme zamandr. It's five o'clock. Isn't it tim e to have tea? Saat betir. ay ime zaman deil mi? We had a very long break. It's tim e to work. ok uzun teneffs yaptk. alma vaktidir.

to think of dnmek, aklndan g eirm ek _______________ / What do you th in k of this man? Bu adam hakknda ne dnyorsun? I am thinking of you. Seni dnyorum. The old man was th in kin g of the days of his childhood. Yal adam ocukluk gnlerini dnyordu.

.;

on businessi sebebiyle, i iin, grevle

.

The gentlem en are here on business. Beyler i iin buradadrlar. He went to Paris on business. Paris'e i iin gitti. He is away in Samsun on business. Samsun'da i gerei bulunuyor. Have you com e to see me on business? Beni i icab m grmeye geldiniz?

by accident

kazara, istemeyerek, yanllkla

She fe ll down the stairs by accident. Kazara merdivenlerden dt. She broke the vase by accident. Vazoyu kazara krd. He kicked the goal keeper by accident. Kazara kaleciye tekme vurdu. I to o k your bag by accident. antanz yanllkla aldm.

ju st a ninute bir dakika, bir saniye (ltfen)

Just a m inute. I'N bring your hat. Bir dakika (bir dakika msaade) apkanz getireceim. Just a m inute. Don't put it there. Bir dakika. Onu oraya koymayn. Can 1 s p e a k to you just a minute? Sizinle bir dakika konuabilir miyim? Just a m inute. 1th n k th e re is a car com ng. Bir dakika. Galiba gelen bir araba (otomobil) var.

wly not? niin, neden olmasn, niin olmuyormu?

You can't go now. (Why not?) imdi gidemezsin. (Niin gidemez miim?) Why not w rite him a letter? Niin ona bir mektup yazmyorsunuz? W on't you bring your wife? (Why not?) Karn getirmez misin? (Neden olmasn?) Why not bring your friends to the party? Arkadalarnz ziyafete niye getirmeyesiniz?

PLH

at least en az, en aa_

You must read at least ten pages everyday. Her gn en aa on sayfa okumalsnz. She waited fo r you at least tw o hours. Seni en aa iki saat bekledi. I must sleep at least eight hours. En aa sekiz saat uyutmalym. He gets at least one apple every year. Her yl en az bir elma alr.

to take an examination smava girmek, imtihan olmak

They'll take the exam ination in June. Snava haziranda girecekler. I'll take an exam ination in history next week. Haftaya tarihten snava gireceim. He took an exam ination but he couldn't pass. Snava girdi, fakat geemedi.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

of - fell - to - by - after - for - take - more - at - time - way - just on why

1. Has anybody send........... the doctor? 2. Its.............to have a rest. 3. a minute. The director is coming.

4. Did you............. an examination in history? 5. I have no............. books to give anybody. 6. The train is a b o u t.......... arrive. 7. You'll see many small villages on your............. to Ankara. 8. Are you in stanbul.............. business? 9. The sheep died one............. another. 10..............not go to the theatre instead? 11. She............. ill last week. 12. You must give me............. least 1.000.000 liras. 13. Who are you thinking............ ? 14. I found your suitcase............accident.

now and then arada bir

We like going to the th e a tre now and then. Arada bir tiyatroya gitmeyi severiz. She doesn't com e to our house, but I see her in the library now and then. O bizim evimize gelmez, fakat ben onu arada bir ktphanede gr rm. Smith w rites stories now and then. Smith arada bir hikyeler yazar.

*

to make use of kullanmak, istifade etmek, yararlanmak_______ __________

You can make use of my o ffice . Bromdan yararlanabilirsiniz. She made use of my typ ew riter. Benim daktilomdan yararland. When the brakes are out of order, I make use of tre es. Frenler bozulunca aa lardan yararlanrm.

biryere doru yola kmak, - eitmek

The train is leaving fo r Ankara now. Tren imdi Ankara'ya gidiyor. The plane c o u ld n 't leave fo r Rome because of the heavy rain. iddetli yamur yznden uak Roma'ya hareket edemedi. We are leaving fo r the m otel or. Sunday. Pazar gn motele gidiyoruz. The to urists left fo r Antalya. Turistler Antalya'ya hareket ettiler.

what a b o u t...? ne haber?. . . . hususunda ne dersiniz?

Ten of the stu d e n ts cam e, but w hat about the others? rencilerden onu geldi, fakat dierlerinden ne haber? The tyres are old. W hat a bout buying new ones? Oto lastikleri eski. Yenilerini almaya ne dersin? W hat about the new fu rn itu re ? You prom ised to buy it in Septem ber. Yeni mobilyadan ne haber? Onu eyllde satn almaya sz vermitin.

any longer artk, daha uzun sre

He doesn't w rite to me any longer. Artk bana (mektup) yazmyor. She doesn't sm oke any longer. Artk sigara imiyor. They d o n 't com e to our house any longer. Artk onlar bizim eve gelmiyor. I can't live here any longer. Artk burada otu ramam.

see you later sonra grrz, imdilik hoa kal

I II see you later. G od-bye now. Sonra grrz. imdilik Allahasmarladk. I II see you later. I'm in a hurry. Sonra grrz. Acelem var. I must go now. See you later. imdi gitmem lazm. Sonra grrz.

(kind) of you ok iyisiniz, ok naziksiniz

it s very

It's very kind of you to meet me here. Beni burada karlamakla ok naziksiniz. It's very good of you to visit me. Beni ziyaret etmekle ok iyisiniz. It was very kind of you to help the new neighbours. Yeni komulara yardm etmekle ok naziksiniz.

face to face yz yze, kar karya

!fSIB8illl*K: lli *

I want to ta lk w ith him fa ce to face. Onunla yz yze konumak istiyorum. The thief came face to face w ith the police. Hrsz polislerle yz y ze geldi. You should discuss your problem w ith your w ife fa c e to fa c e . Probleminizi einizle yz yze tartmalsnz.

Let (me, her, h im ...)

(bana, ona...) izin verin, msaade edin, brakn

Let me help you w ith your coat. Msaade edin paltonuzu tutaym. Let her play in the garden. Brak bahede oynasn. Let him come w ith you. Brakn sizinle gelsin. Let them show you what they brought. Getirdiklerini size gstermelerine izin verin.

it will be all right ziyan yok, zarar yok

You can come late tom orrow . It'll be all right. Yarn ge gelebilirsin. Ziyan yok. She can go out to n ig h t. It'll be all right. Bu gece sokaa kabilir. Ziyan yok (bir saknca yok.) He can w rite w hatever he wants to. It'll be ell right. Her ne istiyorsa yazabilir. Ziyan yok.

as soon as possible mmkn olduu kadar abuk

Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Ltfen mektubuma mmkn olduu kadar abuk cevap ver. I will send the packets as soon as possible. Paketleri mmkn olduu kadar abuk gndereceim. I will bring your breakfast as soon as possible. Kahvaltn mmkn olduu kadar abuk getireceim.

A green hat goes w ell w ith a brown suit. Yeil bir apka kahverengi elbiseyle iyi gider. White goes well w ith other colours fo r most wom en. Ekseri kadnlar iin beyaz dier renklerle iyi gider. Sports shoes don't go w ith a dark suit. Spor ayakkablar koyu bir elbiseyle gitmez.

in other words baka bir tabirle, baka bir deyimle

You only got 4 in your exam. In other w ords, you have failed again. Snavda sadece 4 aldn. Baka bir deyimle tekrar snfta kaldn. He lives below the ground floor, in other w ords, in the basement. O zemin katn altnda oturur, baka bir deyile bodrumda.

(lay by day gnden gne

The patient is g e tting better day by day. Hasta gnden gne iyileiyor. The tra ffic is g e ttin g worse day by day. Trafik her gn biraz da ha bozuluyor. She is getting uglier and fatter day by day. Gnden gne irkinlei yor ve imanlyor.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

let - of - of - see - all - as - and - day - with - any - words - what face fo r

1. Please bring my books as soon............. possible. 2. in other........... you have failed your class. 3. She comes here now........... .then. 4 . about your son? Isn't he coming with us?

5. It's getting warmer day by............. 6. How can I make use.............this dictionary? 7. It's very kind........... .you to bring me a present. 8. You must talk about this with the director.............to face. 9. They have just left.............the park. 10. You're not my friend............. longer. 11. it'll be.............right. I can do it myself. 12............. me tell you the whole truth. 13. Your shirt doesn't go............your tie. 14. Good bye now............you later.

to b re a k down bozulmak

The bus broke dow n at Pendik. Otobs Pendik'te bozuldu. Your car w ill break down if you don't put water. Su koymazsanz otomobiliniz bozulur. The ele ctric pum p broke down and we had to carry water. Elektrikli pompa bozuldu ve su tamak zorunda kaldk.

gerigelm ek, dnm ek

Don't worry. Your son will be back soon. Merak etme. Olun neredeyse dner. W hat tim e will you be back? Saat kata dneceksin? Don't go anyw here! I'll be back in a m inute. Bir yere gitme! Br daki kaya kadar dneceim.

i

hv the side of yannda, yan banda, yaknnda

The house is by th e side of the river. Ev nehrin yan bandadr. She w alked by th e side of her mother. Annesinin yannda yrd. They live by the side of the lake. Gln yan banda oturuyorlar.

to believe in inanmak, itikat etmek

.

Do you believe in fa iry tales? Peri masallarna inanr msnz? Of course, they believe in God. Kukusuz Allaha inanrlar. Some people believe in ghosts. Baz kimseler hayaletlere inanrlar. I believe in your ab ility, but you ca n 't learn English in tw o months. Yeteneine inanrm, fakat iki ayda ngilizce renemezsin.

yalanmak, ihtiyarlamak

W hen she grew old, she couldn't see very w ell. Yalannca ok iyi gremedi. When he grew old, he lived w ith his ch ildren Yalannca ocuklaryla birlikte oturdu. He'll stop sucking his fin g e r when he grow s old. Byynce parman emmeyi brakacak.

as a rule genellikle

.............

m

....

As a rule I typ e le tte rs, but now I'm w riting to you by hand. Genellikle mektuplar daktiloda yazarm, fakat imdi sana elle yazyo rum. We have lunch at the canteen as a rule because it's cheaper. Genellikle le yemeini kantinde yeriz nk daha ucuzdur. We go to the seaside as a rule in sum m er. Yazn genellikle deniz kenarna gideriz.

81

!J!;!!;!!!;! !|

on the whole genel olarak, her ey dikkate alnrsa

to make way yol amak, yol vermekThey made way fo r the old man. Yal adam a yol atlar. Please make way. I am late. Ltfen, yol verin. Ge kaldm. Don't stand there. Make way fo r other people. Orada durmayn. Dier insanlara yol an. Can you make way fo r me? Bana yol verebilir misiniz?

On the w hole, he is a reliable man. Genel olarak gvenilir bir adamdr. On the w hole, the report was correct. Genel olarak rapor doruydu. He is clever on th e w hole, but he makes m istakes. Genel olarak aklldr, fakat hatalar yapar.

side by side yan yana

mm

All the cars were parked side by side. Btn arabalar yan yana park edilmiti. Side by side th e y ran tow ards the enemy. Yana yana dmana doru kotular. Almost all the horses ran side by side. Hemen hemen btn at lar yan yana kotular.

The lift s out of order. Asansr bozuktur. Was the te lepho ne out of order? Telefon bozuk muydu? Our bell is out of order. Zilimiz bozuktur. My stom ach is out of order. I can't eat anything with you now. Midem bozuk. imdi sizinle bir ey yiyemem.

cC 3

82

83

to go bad

bozulmak, rmek

In warm w eather m ilk goes bad quickly. Scak havada st abuk bozulur. Food in a re frig e ra to r does not go bad. Soutucuda yiyecek bozulmaz. This meat has gone bad. We can't eat it. Bu et bozulmu. Onu yiyemeyiz.

to find out bulmak, kefetmek, renmek

I will find out the tru th soon. Gerei yaknda reneceim. She co uld n't fin d out his name. Onun ismini bulamad. The man w ill find out the tim e of the next lesson. Adam, gelecek dersin vaktini renecek. He will leave her when he finds out tha t she is older than his mot-)1 her. Onun annesinden byk olduunu renince onu brakacak.

84

the other day geen gn, geenlerde

I ran into my old friend Bill the other day. Geenlerde eski arkadam Bill'e rastladm. We were there the other day. Geenlerde oradaydk. The other day you told me that I was the most beautiful girl in the w orld. Geen gn benim dnyada en gzel kz olduumu syledin.

here and thereurada burada

There w ere books here and there on th e floor. Demenin stnde urada burada kitaplar vard. There are black clouds here and the re . urada burada tek tk siyah bulutlar var. There w ere chairs here and the re in the garden. Bahede urada burada iskemleler vard.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

out - on - down - make - bad - there - out - be - of - a - the - in - old by

1. Please............way fo r the director. 2. What time will they.............back? 3. We d o n 't go out at night as.............rule. 4. Do you believe............fairy stories? 5. They have a new house by the side............the mountain. 6. They were sitting on the bench side............ side. 7. What will she do when she grows............ ? 8. Did your car b re a k ............again? 9. The book was interesting........... the whole. 10. There were small lakes here a n d ............. 11. The telephone i s ........... of order. 12. I met her on the street............. other day. 13. Did you find............your mistake? 14. This meat will go............ if you don't cook it soon.

86

to be in love (with)(birisine) kolm ak

He is in love w ith Mary. O Mary'ye ktr. Last year she was in love w ith Tom Geen yl o Tom'a kt. W e're not in love w ith each other. W e're m arried. Biz birbirimize k deiliz. Biz evliyiz.

Do you see the man over there? Oradaki adam gryor musun? The new building is over th ere. Yeni bina o taraftadr. They put the baskets over th ere. Sepetleri o tarafa koydular.

87

as soon as(yap)ar (yap)maz, olur olmaz

As soon as I sow the man I shut the door. Adam grr grmez kapy kapattm. Send me a card as soon as you get there. Oraya varr varmaz bana bir kart gnder. She opened the door as soon as she saw me. Beni grr grmez kapy at. I shall come back as soon as possible. Mmkn olduu kadar abuk dneceim.

to look out dikkatli olmak, dikkat etmek

S ilili

Look out! A tru c k is com ing. Dikkat et! Bir kamyon geliyor. I to ld them to look out as th e y w ere getting off the bus. Otobsten inerlerken dikkatli olmalarn syledim. You must look out when you cross the street. Caddenin br tarafna geerken dikkatli olmalsnz. Look out! You will break the vase Dikkat et! Vazoyu kracaksn.

by the pond ( k ilo , m e tre , lit r e ...) paund'ta (kiloyla, metreyle, litreyle...)

We buy sugar by the kilo. ekeri kiloyla satn alrz. Cloth is sold by the m etre. Kuma metreyle satlr. Is milk sold b y th e litre? St litreyle mi satlr?

word saz .vermek_______to give o n e s /

I give you my word, I will never com e home lateagain. Sana sz veriyorum, eve bir daha ge gelmeyeceim. He gave his w ord, so I am depending on him, Sz verdi, bu sebepten ona gveniyorum. I can't give you my w ord, because I'm not sure. Sana sz veremem, nk emin deilim.

according to ... egore-----------------------------

According to the newspaper it w ill rain today. Gazeteye gre bugn yamur yaacak. She is not guilty according to the jury. Jriye gre o sulu deildir. According to the science of m edicine, you are a dead man. Tp ilmine gre, siz l bir adamsnz.

bedava, karlm vermeden, parasz

You can't get anything fo r nothing. Bedava hibir ey elde edemezsiniz. They gave us those books fo r nothing. u kitaplar bize bedava verdiler. He stays at our house fo r nothing. Evimizde bedavaya oturuyor. She travelled fo r nothing. Bedava yolculuk etti.

to do without, to go without ... siz yapmak, yokluuna katlanmak

We can do w ith o u t butter, but we ca n 't do w ith o u t bread. Tereya yokluuna katlanabiliriz, fakat ekmeksiz yapamayz. In the w ar som e people had to do w ith ou t sugar. Savata baz insanlar eker yokluuna katlanmak zorunda kaldlar. The prisoner w ent w ith o u t food fo r tw o days. Mahpus iki gn gdaszla katland.

durdurmak, son vermek

We must put a stop to his rudeness. Onun terbiyesizliine bir son vermeliyiz. The referee put a sto p to the boxing m atch. Hakem boks man durdurdu. You must put a stop to your laziness. Tembelliinize son vermelisiniz. They must put a stop to making a noise in th e s tre e ts a fte r every match. Her matan sonra sokaklarda grlt yapmaya bir son vermeliler.

91

straight on dosdoru, sapmadan

He drove straight on till he came to the w ood. Ormana gelinceye kadar dosdoru (arabay) srd Go straight on fo r a mile and then take the second turning to the right. Dosdoru bir mil git ve sonra sada ikinci dnemeci takip et. If you walk straight on, you will see them . Dosdoru yrrsen onlar greceksin.

to run over stnden gemek, ezmek, inemek

We ran over a cat just outside the tow n. ehrin tam dnda bir kediyi inedik. Be careful, you'll run over the flow ers. Dikkatli ol, iekleri ezeceksin. Many drivers run over rabbits at night on purpose. Birok ofr geceleyin kasten tavan inerler.

92

a b o u t th e sam e

hem en hem en ayn

The population of France and Italy are about the same. Fransa ve talya'nn nfusu aa yukar ayndr. The prices in th ese tw o hotels are about the same. Bu iki oteldeki fiyatlar aa yukar ayndr. Their ages are about the same, Onlarn yalar hemen hemen ayndr.

to pay a cali, to pay a visit ziyaret etmek, uramak

$

We paid six visits on the first day of the Bayram holiday. Bayram tatilinin ilk gnnde alt ziyaret yaptk. He paid a call here last week Geen hafta buraya urad. Your m other is paying a visit. Annen ziyaret ediyor.

ALITIRMALAR

Bu cmlelerde bo braklan yerlere aadaki szcklerden uygun ola nn koyunuz.

about - word - stop - as - do - on -in - over - pay - over - to - out - the -for

1. If you walk s tra ig h t.......... you'll seethe hospital. 2. The train ran............. a sheep. 3. Are you still............. love with that actress? 4. According............ the radio, it isn't going to rain tomorrow. 5. I give you my............ to be near you all the time. 6. Do they sell oranges by............. pound? 7. L o o k ........... There's a car coming. 8. He worked at this school............. nothing. 9. Shall we............a call to our old teacher? 10. As soon........... you get this letter, please send me some money. 11. Their new house is............ there. 12. Your car is...........th e same as mine. 13. Will you please put a .......... .to this nonsense! 14. I can't give you any more money. You'll have to............w ithout it.

uzakta

China is fa r away. It's hard to get news. in uzaktadr. Haber almak gtr. Is your house fa r aw ay fro m here? Eviniz buradan uzak mdr? The new school isn 't fa r away. Yeni okul uzak deildir.

......... ........................................................................ .............. ............................................

t o g e t m a r r ie d

-evlenmek ...

She'll stop w orkin g w hen she gets m arried. Evlenince almay brakacak. Ahm et and Aye w ill get married soon. Ahmet'le Aye yaknda evlenecekler. Our te a ch e r got m arried last month. retmenimiz geen ay evlendi. They have just got m arried. Henz evlendiler.

95

t o be o n fir e

yanyor olmak, yanm ak

The house is on fire ! Call fo r help! Ev yanyor! mdat iste! The cinem a w as on fire but th e people left qu ie tly. Sinema yanyordu ama halk sessizce terk etti. Y our coat is on fire . Ceketiniz tutumu. The fo re s t is on fire . Let's help them . Orman yanyor. Onlara yardm edelim.

to lik e ... b e tte r

s yll

daha fazla sevmek, tercih etmek

I like oranges bette r. Portakallar daha ok severim. She likes A m e rica n cars b e tte rth a n G erm an cars. Alman arabalarndan ok Amerikan arabalarn sever (tercih eder). W hich do you like bette r, pop m usic or classical music? Hangisini daha ok seversin, pop mzii mi yoksa klasik mzii mi? I like Turkish fo o d b e tte rth a n German fo o d . Trk yemeklerini Alman yemeklerinden daha ok severim.

96

SUAT GRCAN

RIDVAN GRBZ

SINAV STRATEJLERKPDS - DS YD S - KPSS PROFICIENCY

m

YAYINCILIK

REM

SUAT GRCAN

RIDVAN GRBZ

SINAV STRATEJLERKPDS - DS YDS - KPSS PROFICIENCY

YAYINCILIK

REM

He who dares to teach must never cease to [earn. jcfiard 9(mnj Vann R

May yon g el iviial you tuishfor!

NSZncelikle, daha nce yaynladmz ve gemi yllarda km KPDS sorular paralelinde hazrladmz ve k sa srede 14. basksn yapan Test Y our KPDS Level isimli kitabmza ve yine ksa srede 7. basklarn yapan DS Sosyal B ilim ler ve DS Fen B ilim leri ve 6. basksn yapan DS Salk B ilim le ri sorularndan oluan Test Y our DS Level isimli DS setimize, soru bankas olarak nitelendirebileceimiz ve her trl soru tipini ieren ve 8.basksn yapan Advanced English Tests isimli yaynmza, "Vocabulary, Preposition ve Phrasal Verb" yaplarn ieren ve ksa srede 3. basksn yapan Exam D ictionary ve cep kitaplar olarak nitelendirebileceimiz Pocket Series" isimli yaynlarmza ve KPSS adaylar iin hazrladmz KPSS ngilizce sorularn ieren Test Y our KPSS Level" isimli yaynmza gsterdiiniz ilgiden dolay teekkr bir bor biliriz. On birinci yaynmz olan Suat GRCAN & Rdvan GRBZ Yaklam ile SINAV STRATEJLER isimli ya ynmz ise Kelime bilgisi ok iyi olmayan bir adayn sorularda anlama girmeksizin doru yanta ulaabilmesini nasl salayabiliriz? sorusuna cevap olarak hazrlanan bir kitap olmutur. Bu kitap, iyi alan bir adaya km sorulara ya da deneme snavlarna kadar olan srete tek bana yetecek bir kaynak olarak szlere sunulmutur. Farkl konu lar farkl kitaplardan almak maalesef konularn karmasna ya da tam zmsenememesine neden olmaktadr. Bu kitap ile amacmz km sorular ncesine kadar dil bilgisi ve soru tiplerini tek bir kitaptan alarak daha ksa srede ve ayn mantk dorultusunda snava hazrlanmanzdr. Ayrca, bu kitap, km sorular zerinden alp srekli snava giren adaylarn istekleri ve ihtiyalar gz nne alnarak hazrlanmtr. Maalesef dil kitaplar piyasa snda artk ksr bir dng olumu ve ou aday srekli olarak km sorular zerek tekrar tekrar snavlara gir mektedir. Fakat, bu kitabmzda dil bilgisi konular ve soru tipleri ile ilgili yzlerce zgn soru bulunmaktadr. Suat GRCAN & Rdvan GRBZ Yaklam ile SINAV STRATEJLER isimli yaynmzn birinci bl mnde dil bilgisi konular ve testleri mevcuttur. Kitab benzerlerinden farkl klan husus snav denemesi zmeye balamadan nce gramer bilginizi pekitirmek ve mkemmel bir gramer bilgisi ile snava girmenizi salayacak ayrn tl bir konu anlatmnn bu kitapta sizlere sunulmu olmasdr. Bunun yan sra, her gramer konusunun ardndan zgn sorulardan oluan testleri zerek konuyu pekitirmeniz hedeflenmitir. Burada en nemli nokta adayn km sorularla deil, zgn sorularla alarak yeni sorular zerinde snava hazrlanmasdr. Tm gramer konularnn ayrntl konu anlatm ve testlerinin ardndan sizlere be adet kark gramer testi sunulmutur. Kark gramer testle rini zmek adayn hangi konuda eksik olduunu tespit eimek amacyla ok nemlidir. Herhangi bir gramer konu sundan sonra o konu ile ilgili testleri yaparken srekli benzer bilgiler kullanld iin testler daha kolay gelmektedir, bu nedenle bu yaynmzda snavda karnza kaca gibi hazrlanan kark gramer testlerini zerek dil bilgisi seviyenizi gelitirebilirsiniz. Yaynmz farkl klan bir dier zellik ise u ana kadar hibir kitapta toplu olarak verilme yen ve adaylarn ou zaman kartrd ksaltmalar konusunun ksaltmalara genel bak bal altnda tek bir konu halinde verilmesidir. Ayrca, adaylarn farkl gramer konu balklar altnda grerek kartrd ve farkl an lam olan birok yapy nemli yaplara genel bak bal altnda bulabileceksiniz. zellikle bu iki balk, ou yapy daha iyi yorumlayabilmenizi ve okuduunuzu daha iyi anlamanz salayacaktr. Suat GRCAN & Rdvan GRBZ Yaklam ile SINAV STRATEJLER isimli yaynmzn ikinci bl mnde ise snavda dil bilgisi konular sonrasnda karnza kacak soru tipleri zerinde durulmutur. Bildiiniz gibi KPDS, DS, YDS, KPSS ngilizce gibi snavlarda dil bilgisi sorularndan sonra Cloze Tests, Sentence Completion (Cmle Tamamlama), English-Turkish Translation (ngilizce -T rke eviri), Turkish - English Translation (Trke - ngilizce eviri), Paragraph Completion (Paragraf Tamamlama), Irrelevant Sentences (Anlam btnln bozan cmleyi bulma), Dialogues (Karlkl konumalar), Situational E xpressions (Verilen duruma uygun den ifadeyi bulma), Restatement (ngilizce yakn anlaml cmleyi bulma), Reading Passages (Okuma paralar) balkl soru tipleri mevcuttur. Bu soru tiplerinin tm KPDS ve YDS'de mevcuttur. Ancak DS ve KPSS ngilizce snavlarnda "Situational Expressions (Verilen duruma uygun den ifadeyi bulma) ve Restatement (ngilizce yakn anlaml cmleyi bulma) soru tipleri imdiye kadar sorulmamtr. Kitabmzn ikinci blmnde bu soru tiplerinin nasl zlmesi gerektiine dair hibir kaynakta bulamayacanz, tamamyla kendi yntemlerimizle ve SYM sorularnn detayl analizleri ile ortaya karttmz stratejileri, teknikleri, ipularn, iyi anlaan yaplar vs. greceksiniz.

kinci blmde her soru tipi le ilgili ayr ayr stratejiler ve kurallar verildikten sonra ilgili konunun ardndan z n olarak hazrladmz testleri yaparak ve konuyu pekitirerek verdiimiz stratejilerin ie yarayp yaramadn rebilirsiniz. Yukarda bahsettiimiz soru tipleri ierisinde sadece eviri sorularnda ve yakn anlaml cmle sorujrnda km sorular kullanlmtr. Bunun sebebi ise snavlarda eviri ve yakn anlaml sorularda SYM'nin rekll lt kendine has bir mant olmasdr. Bu nedenle bu soru tipleri iin kitabmzda zgn soru kullanllamtr. "eviri sorulan nasl zlmelidir?" bal devamnda greceiniz eviri testleri YDS, DS Sosyal, Fen, Salk ve KPDS km sorularndan alnmtr. Yakn anlaml cmlelerin sorular ise YDS ve KPDS km sorutandan alnmtr. eviri ve yakn anlaml cmle sorular dndaki tm soru tiplerine ait testler zgn olarak hazranmtr. Okuma paralar ksmnda ise er, drder ve beer soruluk testler mevcuttur, nk her bir okuma arasyla ilgili YDSde 3, DS ve KPSS'de 4, KPDS'de ise 5 soru olduunu tekrar hatrlatmak isteriz. Okuma aralar ksmnda soru says ayrm yapmadan tm sorular zmek kesinlikle faydal olacaktr. Kitabmzn ikinci lmn alrken zellikle soru tiplerindeki konu anlatmlarnda verilen stratejilere dikkat etmenizi nermekteiz. nk, bu stratejiler snav zmne olan yaklamnz tamamyla deitirecek yeni bilgiler iermektedir, elime bilgisi ok iyi olmayan bir adayn sorularda anlama girmeden doru yanta ulaabilmesini salayacak bu ilgiler snav notunuzu kesinlikle artracaktr. Suat GRCAN & Rdvan GRBZ Yaklam ile SINAV STRATEJLER isimli yaynmz detaylar ile birkte bitirmeniz dil bilgisi ve soru tipleri konusunda szleri snava etkili bir ekilde hazrlayacaktr. KPDS ya da 'DSye girecek olan bir adayn bu kitaptan sonra Tesit Your KPDS Level yaynmz, DS'ye girecek adaylarn e Test Your DS Level" setimizden faydalanmalarn neririz. Dier bir deyile, bu kitaptan sonra km orular analiz edebilecek seviyeye gelebileceiniz iin snava girmeden nce sadece deneme snavlar zmek eterli olacaktr. Konularla lgili daha fazla soru zmek isteyen adaylar ise Advanced English Tests isimli itabmzdan da faydalanabilirler. Snava hazrlanrken bu sre iinde okuma yapmay ve kelime almay da imal etmeyiniz. Dil bilgisi ve soru tipleri konu anlatmlarn alrken ve ilgili testleri zerken bir yandan da oku la paralar okuyarak ve snav kelimelerine younlaarak snav notunuzu artrabilirsiniz. Kelime, edat, Phrasal 'erbs gibi konular da KPDS - DS szl olarak nitelendirebileceimiz Exam D ictionary , Exam Words i the Pocket , ve Prepositions & Phrasal Verbs in the Pocket isimli yaynlarmzdan alabilirsiniz. Bu kitap Suat GRCAN ve Rdvan GRBZ'n imdiye kadar SYM tarafndan yaplan tm KPDS, DS, DS ve KPSS ngilizce snavlarndaki sorular ok detayl bir ekilde incelemesi sonucu, snavlardaki ifreleri de zerek, uzun bir almadan sonra titizlikle hazrlanmtr. Bu tr snavlara hazrlanrken ngilizce'ye hakim olup navlara girmek deil, SYM mantna hakim olup snavlara girmek kesinlikle daha faydal olacaktr. Bu kitabn hazrlanmasnda ve snav gruplarnda kullanlmasnda bizlerden akademik anlamda yardmn eslremeyen ve bu kitabn zgn sorularnda emei geen deerli meslektalarmz Erkan NLER, Ahmet APINAR, Hakan ZDEMR, Fatih CANPOLAT, Erdal GRSEL, Duygu BAYRAM, Naci DZ, ve Sermin elik DZ, bizleri srekli tevik eden lhami zkaya ve ODT ngilizce retmenlii blm hocalarmzdan rof.Dr. Drrin Alpakn Martinez Caro, Dr. Feyza Doyran ve Do.Dr. idem San imek, ve u ana kadar navlara birlikte hazrlandmz tm KPDS, DS, YDS rencilerimiz, szlere de teekkrler... Kitabmzdan en st dzeyde faydalanabilmeniz dileiyle...

\/

SINAVLARDA IKAN SORU TPLERSORU TP 1. Kelime B ilgisi 2. Gramer B ilgisi 3. Cloze Tests 4. Cmle Tamamlama 5. ngilizce-Trke eviri 6. Trke-ngilizce eviri 7. Paragraf Tamamlama 8. Btnl Bozan Cmle 9. Karlkl Konumalar 10. Duruma Uygun Den fade 11. Yakn Anlaml Cmleler 12. Okuma Paralar 13. Verilen Sorunun Cevabn Bulma KPDS 5 10 10 10 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 25-

DS 6 12 5 12 3 3 5 5 5 24-

YDS 10 12 10 10 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 21 4 100

100

80

SINAVLAR N NERLEN ZAMAN SRELERSORU TP 1. Kelime B ilgisi 2. Gramer B ilgisi 3. Cloze Tests 4. Cmle Tamamlama 5. ngllizce-Trke eviri 6. Trke-ngilizce eviri 7. Paragraf Tamamlama 8. Btnl Bozan Cmle 9. Karlkl Konumalar 10. Duruma Uygun Den fade 11. Yakn Anlaml Cmleler 12. Okuma Paralar 13. Verilen Sorunun Cevabn Bulma KPDS 7 15 15 15 8 8 11 10 10 10 11 60-

DS 10 24 10 24 5 5 10 10 10 -

YDS 10 12 15 15 4 4 8 8 8 7 8 45 6 150

72-

180

180

Yazarlarla letiim in: suat qurcan@vahoo.coni gurcan suat@hotmail.com ridvangurbuz@yahoo.com ridvan_gurbuz@hotmail.com

NDEKLER

B L M 1 : D L B L G S BASIC CONCEPTS IN ENGLISH...................................................................................................................................1 TENSE SYSTEM IN ENGLISH.....................................................................................................................................10 Tenses Test 1............................................................................................ ................................................................... 27 Tenses Test 2................................................................................................................................................................ 30 Tenses Test 3................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Tenses Test 4................................................................................................................................................................ 36 MODALITY.....................................................................................................................................................................39 Modality Test 1 ............................................................................................................................................................. 53 Modality Test 2 .............;............ .................................................................................................................................. 56 M odality Test 3 ............... ........................................................................................ .....................................................59 Modality Test 4 ......................................................................................................................................................... :. 62 PASSIVE VOICE & CAUSATIVES.............................................................................................................................. 65 Passive & Causatives Test 1 ......................................... ............................................................................................74 Passive & Causatives Test 2 ........................................ .............................................................................................77 Passive & Causatives Test 3 .............................................................................................................. .................. 80 Passive & Causatives Test 4 ...............................;..................................................................................................... 83 GERUNDS & INFINITIVES........................................................................................... ............................................... 86 Gerunds & Infinitives Test 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 99 Gerunds & Infinitives T e s t2 .....................................................................................................................................102 Gerunds & Infinitives Test 3 ..................................................................................................................................... 105 Gerunds & Infinitives Test 4 ....................................................................................................... ............................. 108 ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS........................................................................................... ............................................ 111 Adjectives 8t Adverbs Test 1 .................................................................................................................................... 124 Adjectives & Adverbs Test 2 .......................................... .........................................................................................127 Adjectives & Adverbs Test 3 ....................................................................................................................................130 Adjectives & A dverbs Test 4 ....................................................................................................................................133 ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES........................................................................... ................................................................ 136 Adjectival Clauses Test 1 ......................................................................................................................................... 145 Adjectival Clauses Test 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 148 Adjectival Clauses Test 3 ........................................................................................................................................151 Adjectival Clauses Test 4 ......................................................................................................................................... 154 Reductions in Adjectival Clauses Test 5................................................................................................................157 NOUN CLAUSES & A U XILIARIES........................................... ............................................................................... 160 Noun Clauses Test 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 175 Noun Clauses Test 2 ..................................................................................................................................................178

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sun Clauses Test 3 ................................................................................................................................................. 181 ju n Clauses Test 4 ................................................................................................................................................. 184 nun Clauses & A uxiliaries Test 5 ........................................................................................................................ 187 F & WISH" CLAUSES / CONDITIONALS......................................................................................................... 190 f & W ish" Clauses / C onditionals Test 1 ................................................................................... .....................203 f" & W ish" Clauses / Conditionals Test 2 ........................................................................................................ 206 f & W ish Clauses I Conditionals Test 3 ................................................................................................... .....209 DNJUNCTIONS & ADVERBIAL CLAUSES & INVERSIONS............................................................................. 212 injun ctions & A dverbial Clauses & Inversions Test 1 .....................................................................................238 injun ctions & A dverbial Clauses & Inversions Test 2 .....................................................................................241 injun ctions & A dverbial Clauses & Inversions Test 3 .....................................................................................244 injun ctions & A dverbial Clauses & Inversions Test 4 .....................................................................................247 injun ctions & Adverbial Clauses & Inversions Test 5 .....................................................................................250 TERMNERS & QUANTIFIERS..............................................................................................................................53 terminers & Quantifiers Test 1............................................................................................................................269 term iners & Q uantifiers Test 2............................................................................................................................272 terminers & Quantifiers Test 3............................................................................................................................275 SALTMALARA GENEL B A K I ........................................ .................................................................................... 278 VJEML YAPILARA GENEL B AKI........................................................................................................................ 287 ammar Revision Test 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 310 ammar Revision Test 2 ....................................... .................................................................................................316 ammar Revision Test 3 .........................................................................................................................................322 ammar Revision Test 4 .........................................................................................................................................328 ammar Revision Test 5 .........................................................................................................................................334

LM 2: SORU TPLER VE ZM TEKNKLER.OZE TEST SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?..................................................................................................... 340 oze T e s ts ................................................................................................................................................................. 349 JMLE TAMAMLAMA SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?......................................................................................364 ntence Completion Test 1 ................................................................................................................................... 398 ntence Completion Test 2 ................ ..................................................... ............................................................. 402 ntence Completion Test 3 ............................................ ...................................................................................... 406 ntence Completion Test 4 ................................................................................................................................... 410 GLZCE-TRKE EVR SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?............................................................................ 414 gllsh-Turkish Translation Test 1............................................................................................ ............................425 glish-Turkish Translation Test 2................................................................................................................... .....432 glish-Turkish Translation Test 3........................................................................................................................ 439 glish-Turkish Translation Test 4.........................................................................................................................446 glish-Turkish Translation Test 5............................................................................... .........................................453

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TRKE-NGLZCE EVR SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?............................................................................ 461 Turkish-English Translation Test 1........................................................................................................................ 465 Turkish-Engllsh Translation Test 2.........................................................................................................................471 Turkish-English Translation Test 3........................................................................................................................ 479 Turkish-Engllsh Translation Test 4........................................................................................................................ 486 Turkish-English Translation Test 5........................................................................................................................ 493 PARAGRAF TAMAMLAMA SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?.............................................................................. 500 Paragraph Completion Test 1...................................................... ............................................................................515 Paragraph Completion Test 2.................................................................................................................................. 522 Paragraph Completion Test 3.................................................................................................................................. 529 Paragraph Completion Test 4 .................................................................................................................................. 536 ANLAM BTNLN BOZAN CMLE SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?....................................................546 Irrelevant Sentence Test 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 558 Irrelevant Sentence Test 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 562 Irrelevant Sentence Test 3 ....................................................................................................................................... 566 Irrelevant Sentence Test 4 ....................................................................................................................................... 570 KARILIKLI KONUMA SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?....................................................................................575 Dialogues Test 1.................. ......................................................................................................................................585 Dialogues Test 2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 591 Dialogues Test 3 ........................................................................................................................................................ 597 Dialogues Test 4 ........................................................................................................................................................ 604 Dialogues Test 5........................................................................................................................................................ 611 VERLEN DURUMA UYGUN DEN FADEY BULMA SORULARI tfasl zlm elidir?................................622 Situational Expressions Test 1 ............................................................................................................................... 627 Situational Expressions Test 2 ........................................................ ............................... .......................................632 Situational Expressions Test 3 ............................................................................................................................... 640 YAKIN ANLAMLI CMLELER BULMA SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?......................................................... 650 Restatements Test 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 664 Restatements Test 2 ...........................................................................................................................:.................... 668 OKUMA PARASI SORULARI Nasl zlm elidir?............................................................................................. 674 Reading Test 1............................................................................................................................................................689 Reading Test 2................................................................................................................. ..........................................693 Reading Test 3........................................................................................................................................................... 697 Reading Test 4............................................................................................................................................................702 Reading Test 5............................................................................................................................................................707 Reading Test 6............................................................................................................................................................712 Reading Test 7............................................................................................................................................................717 Reading Test 8............................................................................................................................................................722 Reading Test 9............................................................................................................................................................727 ANSWER KEYS.......................................................................................................................................................... 733

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BASIC CONCEPTS IN ENGLISHNGLZCE CMLENN TEMEL UNSURLARICmlenin temel unsurlarn Verb (fiil) ve Noun (isim) olarak ikiye ayrabiliriz, nk bir cmle temel olarak bir zne ve bir fiilden oluur. Cmlenin znesi isim ya da isim gibi ilev gren herhangi bir yap (zamir, isim bei, isim cmlecii, vb.) olabilir. Ancak, ngilizcede Noun Phrase" (isim bei) ad verilen ve sadece bir isimden deil ismin nne gelerek onu niteleyen kelimeler dizisinden oluan bir yap bulunmaktadr. imdi, Verb (fiil) ve Noun Phrase (isim bei) balklarn detayl olarak ileyeceiz. L V erb (F iil) : ngilizcede, fiilleri nesne alp almadklarna ya da ka nesne aldklarna gre 3 balk altnda toplayabiliriz. Bu gruplandrmay yapmamzn amac, daha sonra ileyeceimiz Passive Voice (Edilgen at) konusunda edilgenlii anlatrken fiillerin nesne alp almadklarna gre bir yaklam kullanacak olmamzdr. Buna gre ngilizce'de fiilleri, a) b) c) V Intransitive Verbs (Nesne almayan fiiller) V + O Transitive Verbs (Tek nesne alan fiiller) V + O + O Ditransitive Verbs (i