REPUBLIC OF CROATIA Ministry of Agriculture

Direcotrate for Forestry, Hunting and Wood Industry

FORESTS IN CROATIA

Goran Videc, MSc Head of Forestry Sector

24th meeting of the UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on monitoring sustainable forest management

Zagreb, Croatia 14-16 September 2016

Republic of Croatia: • Central European and

Mediterranean state • Land area 56.594 km2 • Total (sea and land) area 88.073 km2 • Population 4.284.889 • Population density 75.2/km2 • Rural population 56.5 % • GDP - per capita: 10.162 € (2014) • Declaration of independence:

8 October 1991 • Joined the European Union:

1 July 2013

Climate • moderatly warm continental

climate • mediterranean climate Biogeographical regions • 3 terrestrial biogeographical

regions: Continental, Alpine and Mediterranean

• 1 marine biogeographical region: Mediterranean

Forst map of Lika region, 1765.

250 years of SFM in Croatia

National definitions: FOREST is the land covered with forest trees in a form of a stand with a surface area larger than 10 ares. FOREST LAND is the land where a forest is being cultivated or land which, due to its natural characteristics and management conditions, has been foreseen as the most favourable for forest cultivation.

Forests & forest lands - 48% of land territory

Ownership

Area of Forests and Forest Lands (ha)

Forest (stocked forest land)

Other forest land (unstocked forest land) Barren

Total

Productive Non-productive

State ownership 1 840 616,41 191 182,30 23 670,54 41 848,91 2 097 318,16

Private ownership 652 059,92 7 964,46 1 285,20 411,31 661 720,89

Total 2 492 676,33 199 146,76 24 955,74 42 260,22 2 759 039,05

2016: 2.759.039 ha 2006: 2.688.687 ha

High-forest 56%

Coppice 14%

Bush 18%

Scrub 3%

Macchia 4%

Garigue 2%

Plantations 3%

Forests according to vegetation forms

Forests designation

Protective forests

29%

Special purpose forests

17%

Production forests

54%

0.00

500,000.00

1,000,000.00

1,500,000.00

2,000,000.00

2,500,000.00

3,000,000.00

Gospodarskešume

Zaštitne šume Šume posebnenamjene

Ukupno

2006 2,416,107.00 154,539.00 118,041.00 2,688,687.002016 1,425,809.00 832,096.00 501,134.00 2,759,039.00

Forest designation

2006 2016

Protective Productive Special purpose Total

Growing stock Growing stock (1 January 2016)

Tree species State owned -

Croatian forests Ltd.

State owned - others Private Total

1000 m3 Quercus robur 44 464 262 3 629 48 355 Quercus petraea 26 328 204 12 721 39 253 Quercus cerris 3 784 149 3 490 7 423 Fagus sylvatica 120 866 11 415 23 472 155 752 Fraxinus angustifolia 12 405 51 908 13 364

Carpinus betulus 23 768 287 11 074 35 129 Robinia pseudoacacia 2 019 17 5 248 7 284

Other hard wood broadleaves 20 933 1 122 10 959 33 014

Alnus glutinosa 4 252 28 2 836 7 116 Other soft wood broadleaves 10 504 90 3 850 14 442

Abies alba 28 847 3 362 842 33 051 Picea abies 7 190 1 529 888 9 607 Pinus nigra 4 429 198 1 358 5 985 Other conifers 6 060 350 2 430 8 842 Total 315 849 19 065 83 704 418 618

0.00

50,000.00

100,000.00

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200,000.00

250,000.00

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400,000.00

450,000.00

Republika Hrvatska – HŠ

d.o.o.

Republika Hrvatska – ostali

pravne osobe

Šumoposjednici Ukupno

2006. 302,419.00 17,244.00 78,297.00 397,960.002016. 315,849.00 19,065.00 83,704.00 418,618.00

Growing stock (1000 m3)

State owned C. Forest Ltd.

State owned - others

Private Total

Increment Gross annual increment (1 January 2016)

Tree species State owned -

Croatian forests Ltd.

State owned - others Private Total

m3 Quercus robur 955 439 4 796 79 544 1 039 779 Quercus petraea 586 996 5 139 283 496 875 631 Quercus cerris 96 298 3 554 77 489 177 341 Fagus sylvatica 2 681 601 263 527 578 749 3 523 877 Fraxinus angustifolia 346 593 1 029 25 068 372 690

Carpinus betulus 694 410 11 636 319 012 1 025 058 Robinia pseudoacacia 93 461 1 557 209 013 304 031

Other hard wood broadleaves 570 666 30 516 286 396 887 578

Alnus glutinosa 134 232 3 040 98 180 235 452 Other soft wood broadleaves 391 396 4 865 123 382 519 643

Abies alba 509 435 59 540 20 127 589 102 Picea abies 163 628 33 397 26 691 223 716 Pinus nigra 102 731 4 357 32 089 139 177 Other conifers 168 189 10 376 54 509 233 074 Total 7 495 075 437 329 2 213 745 10 146 149

Age structure (even-aged stands)

Age classes Area Growing stock Gross annual increment

year ha % m3 % m3/ha m3 iv (%) m3/ha 0-10 53 344,75 6,00 51 467 0,02 1 5 251 10,20 0,10

11-20 65 778,54 7,39 1 825 581 0,84 28 94 381 5,17 1,43 21-30 85 707,47 9,63 9 148 806 4,22 107 472 743 5,17 5,52 31-40 71 549,53 8,04 11 298 953 5,21 158 498 726 4,41 6,97 41-50 71 539,48 8,04 13 930 238 6,42 195 507 145 3,64 7,09 51-60 74 422,20 8,36 17 099 023 7,88 230 525 379 3,07 7,06 61-70 78 766,61 8,85 21 586 970 9,95 274 598 156 2,77 7,59 71-80 76 635,75 8,61 23 791 762 10,97 310 591 348 2,49 7,72 81-90 87 604,32 9,85 30 352 879 13,99 346 687 225 2,26 7,84

91-100 64 310,19 7,23 23 976 958 11,05 373 494 124 2,06 7,68 101-110 57 956,09 6,51 22 231 483 10,25 384 418 531 1,88 7,22 111-120 48 734,21 5,48 19 704 763 9,08 404 345 992 1,76 7,10 121-130 30 534,28 3,43 12 940 137 5,96 424 222 432 1,72 7,28 131-140 12 847,01 1,44 5 208 934 2,40 405 81 387 1,56 6,34

>140 10 028,85 1,13 3 819 497 1,76 381 57 829 1,51 5,77 Ukupno 889 759,28 100,00 216 967 451 100,00 244 5 600 649 2,58 6,29

Diameter distibution (uneven-aged stands)

Diameter classses 10-30 cm 31-50 cm >50 cm Total

Growing stock

m3 72 541 175 78 469 604 50 640 047 201 650 826 % 35,98 38,91 25,11 100,00

m3/ha 144 207 172 523

Gross annual

increment

m3 1 966 209 1 711 752 867 539 4 545 500 iv (%) 2,71 2,18 2,51 2,25 m3/ha 3,75 4,28 2,98 11,01

Area (ha) 937 123

Tree species State forests Private forests Total m3 % m3 % m3 %

Quercus robur 8 594 304 13,28 567 380 3,63 9 161 684 11,40 Quercus petraea 5 024 362 7,76 2 042 562 13,05 7 066 924 8,79

Quercus cerris 584 121 0,90 484 329 3,09 1 068 450 1,33 Fagus sylvatica 24 258 993 37,48 4 390 818 28,06 28 649 811 35,65

Fraxinus angustifolia 3 299 464 5,10 36 539 0,23 3 336 003 4,15 Carpinus betulus 5 745 254 8,88 2 428 288 15,52 8 173 542 10,17

Acer pseudoplatanus 349 171 0,54 122 382 0,78 471 553 0,59 Robinia pseudoacacia 736 918 1,14 1 427 599 9,12 2 164 517 2,69

Castanea sativa 329 651 0,51 306 500 1,96 636 151 0,79 OTB Other hard wood broadleaves 3 082 410 4,76 1 443 896 9,23 4 526 306 5,63

Tilia sp. 685 749 1,06 38 849 0,25 724 598 0,90 Alnus glutinosa 882 839 1,36 686 547 4,39 1 569 386 1,95

Salix sp. 529 053 0,82 422 0,00 529 475 0,66 Populus x euroamericana 1 023 596 1,58 1 134 0,01 1 024 730 1,27

OMB Other soft wood broadleaves 893 472 1,38 835 639 5,34 1 729 111 2,15 Abies alba 5 581 285 8,62 95 460 0,61 5 676 745 7,06

Picea abies 1 230 757 1,90 171 429 1,10 1 402 186 1,74 Pinus nigra 262 875 0,41 29 968 0,19 292 843 0,36

Pinus strobus 346 271 0,54 9 592 0,06 355 863 0,44 Other conifers 1 281 220 1,98 530 624 3,39 1 811 844 2,25

TOTAL 64 721 765 100 15 649 957 100 80 371 722 100 AREA (ha) 865 730 423 091 1 288 821

Planned fellings 2016-2025

Fellings 2006-2015

Ownership

Plan Realisation

Area Planned removals

Area Realised fellings

ha m3 ha % m3 %

State owned

Croatian forests Ltd.

909 366,39 57 935 018 763 809,96 84 53 639 369 93

Other 17 923,79 661 366 1 762,65 10 128 463 19

Total 927 290,18 58 596 384 765 572,61 83 53 767 832 92

Private 374 519,15 7 047 369 17 832,37 5 2 392 543 34

TOTAL 1 301 809,33 65 643 753 783 404,98 60 56 160 375 86

Removals (m3)

Year State owned

Croatian forests Ltd.

State owned Others Private Total

2006 4.846.261 0 173.315 5.019.576 2007 5.226.264 0 98.206 5.324.470 2008 5.173.448 2.089 215.502 5.391.039 2009 4.919.729 1.710 177.527 5.098.966 2010 5.032.590 1.498 155.561 5.189.649 2011 5.633.229 26.433 217.123 5.876.785 2012 5.648.642 23.666 295.449 5.967.757 2013 5.583.173 19.220 351.191 5.953.584 2014 5.712.350 27.735 411.999 6.152.084 2015 5.863.683 26.112 296.670 6.186.465 Total 53.639.369 128.463 2.392.543 56.160.375

Fellings 2006-2015

Mine suspected area (MSA)

- 1990’s: 13.000 km2 (UN estimates)

- 2016: 471 km2

- 35 000 ha of forests and forest land

Forest fires

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Mediterranean area

Contitnental area

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Contitnental area

Burned area

Number of fires

January – June 2016: 42 forest fires 2.290 ha burned

Other biotic and abiotic disturbances

2014: • freezing rain → icebreaks • floods Today: • bark beetles on spruce –

16.443 m3, 2.220 ha • change of forest structure

Spruce bark beetles

Thank you!!!