Freescale PowerPoint Template - 恩智浦半导体 ... · PDF fileDual-Clutch Trans. Seatbelt pre-tens. EV –Water Pump EV - Propulsion Window Lift Wipers Seat Control Sliding Door

TM

Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, C-Ware, t

he Energy Efficient Solutions logo, mobileGT, PowerQUICC, QorIQ, StarCore and Symphony

are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. BeeKit, BeeStack,

ColdFire+, CoreNet, Flexis, Kinetis, MXC, Platform in a Package, Processor Expert, QorIQ

Qonverge, Qorivva, QUICC Engine, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, VortiQa and Xtrinsic are trademarks

of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property

of their respective owners. © 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

August 2011

TM

Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, mobileGT, PowerQUICC, QorIQ, StarCore

and Symphony are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. BeeKit, BeeStack, ColdFire+, CoreNet, Flexis, Kinetis, MXC, Platform in a

Package, Processor Expert, QorIQ Qonverge, Qorivva, QUICC Engine, SMARTMOS, TurboLink, VortiQa and Xtrinsic are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

2

Weibo? Please use hashtag

#FTF2011#

Freescale on KaixinTag yourself in photos

and upload your own!

• Driving Applications / Factors / Trends

• Electric Motor / El. Power Stage / Power Electronics

• Acoustic Noise and Electromagnetic Noise

• Functional Safety

• Freescale Microcontrollers & Electrical Motor Control

Solutions

TM





3


#FTF2011#








Solutions

TM





4

Body/Security Chassis/Safety Powertrain

HVAC Blower

HVAC Flappers EPS

Steer by wire

Fuel Pump

Dual-Clutch Trans.

EV – Water PumpSeatbelt pre-tens.

EV - Propulsion

Window Lift

Wipers

Seat Control

Sliding Door

Sunroof

EV – A/C Compr.

Going BLDC

Mostly DC

Mostly Stepper

Convertible Roof

ABS fluid pump

Oil Pump

Mostly PMSM

Low End EPS

TM





5

• System cost reduction

− Smaller el. motors (material + space savings) requires high el. frequencies (~1kHz) to drive el. motor

enabler: new mag. materials, efficient switching, high frequency/resolution MCU PWM peripheral

− Smaller power stage (space savings) requires more efficient power devices

− Smaller DC-bus circuit + filtering (material + space savings) requires high switching freq. (>>20kHz)

enabler: more efficient power devices, better soft + fast diodes, high frequency/resolution MCU PWM

− Cheaper el. motor manufacturing requires non-linear + non-harmonic control to deal with el. motor

imperfections (e.g. back-EMF harmonics, mag. circuit saturation …)

enabler : MCU‟s with math. computing capability

− Cost reduction of MC SW process standardization of the control algorithm (FOC)

enabler: 32-bit MCU‟s at low-end market

• System performance improvement

− Sensorless operation requires robust methods, understanding what el. motor parameters are key

enabler: MCU‟s with signal processing (+math.) capability , fast ADC‟s, ability to guarantee el. motor

parameter specifics for high-volume manufacturing and required lifetime

− Self diagnostic requires complex state variable observers/estimators, more sensory input capability

enabler: MCU‟s with signal processing (+math.) capability, fast ADC‟s, smart power devices, sensorless IP

− System functional safety requires redundancy in various areas – MCU, power, SW, algorithms…

enabler: SIL3 “ready” components (SW+HW), processes, diagnostic algorithms …

TM





6


#FTF2011#







• Freescale Microcontrollers and Electrical Motor Control

Solutions

TM





7

ELECTRIC MOTORS

AC DC

SYNCHRONOUSASYNCHRONOUS

El. CommutatedInduction Reluctance StepperSinusoidal

Permanent

Magnet

Wound Field

(Excitation winding)

Surface PM

Interior PM

SR

VAR. RELUCTANCE

Split phase

Shaded pole

Capac. run

Capac. start

Permanent

Magnet / BLDC

TM





8

TM





9

• 3-phase winding on the stator

• distributed or concentrated

• Assumed sinusoidal flux distribution in air gap

• Different rotor construction & consequences

ACIM

• Squirrel cage (rugged, reliable, economical)

• No brushes, no PM

• Low maintenance cost

Synchronous

• Rotor with permanent magnet

• High efficiency (no rotor loses)

• Synchronous motor rotates at the same frequency as the

revolving magnetic field

• Asynchronous means that the mechanical speed of the

rotor is generally different from the speed of the revolving

magnetic field

TM





10

• Motor/Generator must be very small and powerful (not to carry

unnecessary mass/space). It is designed to work at high electric

frequency (~1 kHz) – high number of poles

• Such design requires high resolution PWM, both in time and amplitude

• The advanced PWM peripheral is key to design powerful electric motors

• High-RPM el. mnotors/fly-wheels can serve as kinetic energy storage

with short storage-release cycle

TM





11

• Motivation and goals

− Decreasing cost delta between motor types

− Complex MCUs/DSC are becoming more and more affordable

− The cost of the 3ph power stage is also becoming more and

affordable

− Reducing the drive size, increasing W/kg and W/dm3

− Improving noise (acoustic and electromagnetic)

− Increasing reliability factors

− El. motors replacing “belt” based drives

Improving Power efficiency to reduce CO2 emissions

As the only solution for vehicles in with the EV mode

TM





12

0 V

A

C B

A B C

A B C• BLDC Motor Commutation

- one phase is un-powered at any

given time

TM





13

DC Bus Voltage & Current

Sensing

3 Phase Back EMF Sensing

3 Phase Inverter3 Phase BLDC Power Stage

FlexTimer ModuleADC Module

Power Line3 Phase

BLDC

Motor

GPIO

Module

SCI

Module

Start / StopSpeed/Torque Up / Down

Other purposes

Speed

PI Controller

Zero Crossing Period &

Position Recognition

Commutation

Control

1/T

MC9S08MP16 Controller

BDM On Board

Programming

Duty cycle

Actual Speed

Comm.

sequence

Required Speed +-

Current

PI Controller

Actual DC

Bus Current

DC Bus

Voltage

Back EMF

Voltages

-

Superior system

FreeMASTER

Required DC Bus

Current Limit

Limitations

MC33937 SP

I

SPI

Drive

r

Se

tup

& S

tatu

s

TM





14

Zero-

crossing

Detection

Handler

Commutation

Handler

two successful zero-crossings

PWM

Block

BLDC

Motor

Zero-

Crossing

Detection

Timer

Module

Speed

ControllerRequested Speed

Speed

Calculation

Control Loop 1

Control Loop 2

TM





15

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390

uiA

PsiA

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390

uVA

uA

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390

id0

iA

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390

u0

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390

Torgue

TM





16

• Sinusoidal” or “Sinewave” machine means Synchronous (PMSM)

• Trapezoidal means brushless DC (BLDC) motors

• Differences in flux distribution

• Six-Step control vs. Field-Oriented Control

• Both requires position information

• BLDC motor control

− 2 of the 3 stator phases are excited at any time

− 1 unexcited phase used as sensor (BLDC Sensorless)

• Synchronous motor

− All 3 phases persistently excited at any time

− Sensorless algorithm becomes complicated

TM





17

UBus

PWM1

PWM4PWM2

PWM3 PWM5

PWM6

Three-phase PWM waveforms and harmonic spectrum.Source: Power Electronics, by Ned Mohan, Tore Undeland, and William Robbins, John Wiley & Sons, 1995

TM





18

UD

C-B

US

Up

ha

se

-phase

BC

APWM3PWM1

PWM4PWM2

PWM5

PWM6

• In sinusoidal modulation the amplitude is limited to half of the DC-bus voltage

• The phase to phase voltage is then lower then the DC-bus voltage (although such voltage can be generated between the terminals)

Can a modulation technique be found such itwould generate full phase-to-phase voltage?

TM





19

All is about magnetic fields interaction− Rotor Magnetic field− Stator Magnetic field

• The torque/force is produced when both fields form an non zero angle

• Having the stator magnetic field leading the rotor magnetic field we form an el. motor

• Then FOC is to control the torque− thus also the mag. field angle− by strength of the rotor mag. field

and − by strength of the stator mag.

field

TM





20

Anti

aliasing filterFast A/D CPU PWM

Power

ModuleActuator (el. motor)

HIGH DATA

THROUGHPUT REQUIRED

Peripherals

Control Loop

The MCU is part of the control loop and provides in fact the DSP functionality.

System data throughput defines control speed, response time, stability of the control,

etc. Hence the corresponding performance of the interface is needed, as it is a part of

the control loop.

This approach allows to change/utilize different control techniques/strategy/parameters

since control is done on the software side.

TM





21

microcontroller

microcontroller

• Delays

i

GATE BOTTOM

+

-

GND

+5V

LPF ADC

Dri

ve

r

GATE TOP

L

GND

DCBV+

DCBV-

iDbot

iDtopiTtop

iTbot

1

2

SOURCE TOP

SOURCE BOT

DRAIN TOP

Lpar

Lpar

CDCB

iDCB

TM





22

1 = Top Switch is ON; 0 = Bottom Switch is ON

• Active State

Vector 10

• Active State

Vector 01

• Null State

Vector 00

• Null State

vector 11

• 2 Active State (voltage) Vectors and 2 null State Vectors

• The inverter can be driven to 4 states

PWM BtPWM At

Out A Out B

DC Bus

Ground

Shunt

resistor

+U/2

- U/2

PWM BbPWM Abpositive current direction

TM





23

PWM Bt PWM CtPWM At

Phase A Phase B Phase C

n

+U/2

- U/2

PWM Bb PWM CbPWM Ab

3-ph PM Synchronous Motor3-ph AC Induction Motor

Shunt

resistor

DC Bus

Ground

PWM Bt PWM CtPWM At


DC Bus

Ground

Shunt

resistor

n

+U/2

- U/2

PWM Bb PWM CbPWM Ab

3-ph BLDC Motor3-ph PM Synchronous Motor3-ph AC Induction Motor

TM





24

• Shunt resistors

voltage drop

measured

• Cheap HW solution

• Complex SW

calculation of all 3

phase currents

needed

• Multi-sampling

capability in one

PWM period

necessary

PWM Bt PWM CtPWM At


n

+U/2

- U/2

PWM Bb PWM CbPWM Ab

3-ph AC Induction Motor3-ph PM Synchronous Motor

Shunt

resistor

DC Bus

Ground

uI_DCB_A

iSA

iSB

iSC

TM





25

1 = Top Switch is ON; 0 = Bottom Switch is ON

• Active State

Vector 100

• Active State

Vector 110

• Active State

Vector 010

• Active State

Vector 011

• Active State

Vector 001

• Active State

Vector 101

• Null State

Vector 000

• Null State

vector 111

• 6 Active State (voltage) Vectors and 2 null State Vectors

• The inverter can be driven to 8 states

PWM Bt PWM CtPWM At


DC Bus

Ground

Shunt

resistor

+U/2

- U/2

PWM Bb PWM CbPWM Ab

TM





26

MCU

FreeMaster

-

Forward ClarkTransformation

a,b,c >alpha,beta

Current Sensing

Processing

-

Forward ParkTransformationalpha,beta>d,q

SpeedController

Current qPI

Controller

PWM

Modulation

-

Inverse ParkTransformationd,q >alpha,beta

Current dPI

Controller

-DC busripple

compensation

Is_

a_

co

mp

Us_alpha

Us_beta

Is_

b_

co

mp

Is_

c_

co

mp

Is_beta

Is_alpha

Is_q

Is_d

Us_q

Us_d

Is_q_Req

Us_alpha_comp

Us_beta_comp

Speed_R

eq

Is_a

Is_b

Is_c

U_

dcb

Duty cycleaDuty cyclebDuty cyclec

theta_actual_elsin cos

Application ControlSector

START/STOP

12 V

dc

3-Phase Low Voltage Power Stage

PWM Isa

Isc

U_Dc bus

Isb

U_D

c b

us

66PMSM

Load

Back-EMF

Observer

Field Weakening Controller

SCI

Driver Driver

GPIOADCPWMGPIO

Driver Driver Driver

Om

ega_atu

al_

mech

Fault

Protection

Faults

CTU

Driver

MCLIB functions

FOC control loop executed

every 100 us and speed loop

executed every 1 ms

Is_beta

Is_alpha

Us_alpha

Us_beta

TM





27

Internal PWM counter

Desired PWM

DC bus current

real feedback signal

at ADC pin

Overall delay: ~0.4 6 us

ADC

trigger

output

event ADC clock sync. ADC MUX selection S&H

ADC Sample

Trigger advancement to

compensate ADC delays

ADC delays

~1us

Amplifier slew rate: <1 us/full range

Low pass filter delay + Topto: ~1us

TM





28

• Position and velocity measurement is

often required in feedback loops

• For positioning, and velocity control

• Position measurement:

− Potentiometers

− Encoders

Optical

MR Sensor based

Hall IC based

− Linear Variable Differential Transformer

− Sin-Cos

Hollow shaft Resolvers

VR Resolvers

OPTO-ASIC

Inductive Micro-coil Sensor

Magnetic Resistance (MR) Sensors

Giant Magnetic Resistance (GMR) Sensors

• Velocity measurement:

− Tachogenerator

Potentiometers

Encoders

Resolvers

http://catalog.sensing.honeywell.com/ss.asp?FAM=potentiometers&FT_147=11991

http://catalog.sensing.honeywell.com/ss.asp?FAM=potentiometers&FT_147=12522

http://catalog.sensing.honeywell.com/ss.asp?FAM=encoders&FT_147=11782



http://content.honeywell.com/sensing/prodinfo/resolvers/products/p_multispeed.asp

http://content.honeywell.com/sensing/prodinfo/resolvers/products/p_brushless_multispeed.asp

http://content.honeywell.com/sensing/prodinfo/resolvers/products/c_brushless_Dual_speed.asp

TM





29


#FTF2011#








Solutions





30TM

Both transistors are “off” during deadtime.

Load inductance keeps current flowing through the diodes

and thus defines an output voltage.

Positive current flow causes negative output voltage during

deadtime – top transistor controls output voltage.

Negative current flow causes positive output voltage during

deadtime – bottom transistor controls output voltage.

i+

i-

+U/2

- U/2

Desired load voltage

PWM to top transistor

PWM to bottom transistor

Actual load voltage (for i+)

Actual load voltage (for i-)

TON - 2×deadtime

TON

TON + 2×deadtime

deadtime

Causes poor low-speed motor performance

Torque ripple

Distorts current

Produces noise in audible region

No Deadtime Correction

Am

plit

ude

Time

Positive Output Voltage During Deadtime

Negative Output Voltage During Deadtime

Current Output Voltage

12 volts

peak-to-peak


TM





31

TON - deadtimeTON + deadtime


PWM to top transistor

PWM to bottom transistor

Actual load voltage

+U/2

- U/2

i+ condition i- condition

deadtime/2

NOTE: Center-aligned PWM mode

TON

TON

TON

TON

TON

TON

PWMVAL0 = TON + deadtime/2; PWMVAL0 controls the PWM0/PWM1 compl. pair

deadtime/2

PWMVAL1 = TON - deadtime/2; PWMVAL1 controls the PWM0/PWM1 compl. pair

Deadtime Corrected

Am

plit

ude

Time

12 volts

peak-to-peak

Positive Output Voltage During Deadtime

Negative Output Voltage During Deadtime

Current Output Voltage

i+

i-

PWM0

PWM1

+U/2

- U/2





32TM

• Performance Evaluation

− Measurement / Qualification testing

International measurement standards

Freescale measurement methods

Freescale qualification levels

− Engineering evaluation/ Conformity (LIN/CAN/..)

• New Product Dev. Process

− Design for EMC Performance (emission/immunity)

− NPI checklists

• Design Tools

− Integrated into design flow, Modeling..

• Research

− New predictive tools and Models , New Materials..…

Immunity (IEC 62132)

TEM/GTEM cell

Mode- stirred chamber

LIHA

Near- field immunity

TEM/GTEM cell

Surface scan


Radiated mode

Conducted mode

DPI (Direct Power Injection)

BCI (Bulk Current Injection)

Workbench Faraday cage

Impulse immunity

Electrical fast transient

1 /150


Magnetic probe

Emission (IEC 61967)

TEM/GTEM cell


LIHA

Near- field immunity

TEM/GTEM cell

Surface scan


Radiated mode

Conducted mode

DPI (Direct Power Injection)

BCI (Bulk Current Injection)


Impulse immunity

Electrical fast transient

1Ω /150


Magnetic probe

Ω

Output

voltage

Device Under Test

Multiplexor

Probe

array chip

package

Near field probe array Near field map

EM-ID – ElectroMagnetic Interference Diagnostics for

reliable System-in-Package design

IEC61967-1-1

TM





33


#FTF2011#








Solutions

TM





34

• 34

Safety Systems

systems to protect

against danger

outside the system

Functional Safety

the art to minimize

danger caused by a

(perhaps faulty) system

TM





35

• How could the electronics have failed? And why?

− HW errors vs. SW errors

− Permanent vs. transient error

A permanent errors continues to exist until the system is repaired

A transient error only occurs for a (short) time

• Border case: Error only „repaired‟ by reset or power cycling

An intermittent error is a transient error which re-occurs with a relatively high

rate

− Random vs. systematic error

A random error is an error that occurs unpredictably (following a probability

distribution)

A systematic error is an error that occurs deterministically in certain

circumstances (in all/many instances of the component)

• Classification as cross-product of three criteria

TM





36

Failure

Error

Fault

error detection

latency

fault duration

fault

dormacy

fault

occurence

fault

activation

error

detection

error

activation

error latency

TM





37

• fail-dangerous: Possibly causes a hazard in the case of a failure

• fail-safe: Returns to or stays in a safe state in the case of a failure

− the number of simultaneous faults is normally restricted to 1

• fail-operational: Continues to work correctly in the case of a failure

− Possibly in a degraded mode only

• fail-silent: Will not disturb anyone in the case of a failure

− This includes not providing wrong results

• fail-stop: Completely stops itself in the case of a failure

− Typically needs a reset to get out of this mode again

• fail-indicate: Indicates to its environment that it has failed

− But might continue to provide wrong results, hog resources, ….

• fail-inconsistent: Provided results will be noticeably inconsistent in the

case of a failure

TM





38

• Knowing the error type is important as it influences how errors can be detected and handled

− Random errors

Goal: Reduce probability of occurrence (of effects) below a certain value

Risk can be estimated

− Systematic errors

Goal: Reduce probability of introduction into component

Risk caused by them is typically unknown

− Permanent errors

Functionality stays destroyed

Can be found by self tests

− Transient errors

Functionality might recover

Happen more often; sometimes can be ignored

• E.g. if short and system safety time > 2*calculation cycle time

Can be found by time diversity

TM





39

• Two relevant safety standards

− IEC 61508 (in revision)

Generic standard for functional safety of electronic systems

Specialized versions for individual industries

− ISO 26262 (first version available)

„Derivate‟ of IEC 61508 for automotive applications

Already in used although not complete

• Goal

− Prevent unacceptable risk due to failures of equipment

• Approach

− Reduction of Systematic faults

Human-introduced „bugs‟

Constraints on development process

− Reduction of Random faults

Failures due to aging, interference, …

Quantitative requirements via Safety metrics





40TM

SIL 1

SIL 2

SIL 3

SIL 4

ASIL A

ASIL B

ASIL C

ASIL D

Safety Integrity Level

IEC61508

[today]

Ranking by assessing the

probability of a dangerous

failure per hour

Automotive SIL

ISO26262

[future]

Ranking by assessing

severity of injuries,

exposure to hazardous

situations and the

controllability of the

driving situation

low

high

• Direct comparison not possible

• Assessment of recommended & mandatory HW/SW measures & practices

TM





41

Standard New FSL Enabled

TM





42


#FTF2011#








Solutions

TM





43

• DC Motor control

• Single phase control (chopper)

• BLDC six step control

• Volt per Hertz control (V/Hz)

• Volt per Hertz control with speed closed loop

• Stepper Motor Control

• Speed/Torque Vector Control

• Servo Control - Position Vector Control

• Sensorless Vector Control

• Direct Torque Control

• NFO Control

• Parameter Auto-tuning, Param. Estimation

• On-the-fly Self-diagnostic, Functional Safety

8-bit

32-bit

16-bit





44TM

8-/16-bit MCU Solutions for Automotive Applications

S08 S12(X) S12XE/D• 8-bit MCU with embedded CAN

• EEPROM (except DV sub-family)

• on-chip emulation/debug

• 2KB to 128KB Flash

• SCI(LIN), ATD, SPI, IIC

• 20MHz Performance

• 8 - 100 pin

Performance scale

• 16-bit MCU (with integrated LCD and gauge

driver)

• 4x40 LCD and 4 gauge driver with SSD

• 25 - 40MHz Performance

• 32KB to 256KB flash

• 2KB - 12KB RAM

• MSCAN, SCI(LIN), PWM,ATD, Timer

• 48 - 112 pin

• Fully-featured 16-bit MCUs

• S12X CISC core @ 50MHz + XGATE Coprocessor

• Memory Protection Unit (MPU)

• Emulated EEPROM

• 128kB to 1MB Flash

• Best of the class code density

• MSCAN, SCI(LIN), PWM, ATD, Timer

• 80/112/144/208 pin

Watchdog Control

Electric Pump

General Purpose and CAN/LIN nodes

Battery sensor

Step Motor control

HVAC

Motorbike engine control

General Purpose and CAN/LIN

nodes:

HVAC blower

Very Low end engine control

TM





45

• Command− PWM input, LIN or CAN

• PWM− PWM signals

− Dead time insertion

− ADC triggering

− Fault control

• Delay block− Set ADC measurement at

specific times within PWM

cycle

• ADC− BEMF zero-crossing

detection

− Measure current in motor

• Comparator− Over-current detection

6 ch PWM

12 bit ADC

Fault inputs

Prog delay

SCI/CAN

Comparator





46TM

• S08 Core− Industrial version: 50MHz (25MHz bus), -40 to 105ºC− Automotive version: 40MHz (20MHz bus), -40 to 125ºC

• 2.7V – 5.5 V operation

• 16KB of Flash Memory

• 1KB of RAM

• RTC with periodical timer interval interrupt

• 8bit Modulo Timer Module (MTIM)

• 6Ch+2Ch FlexTimer for Motor Control with automatic fault protection inputs – 40/50 MHz Clock

• Serial communications Port: SCI /W LIN, IIC, SPI

• One Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA)

• 3 Analog Comparators

HW sample trigger from PWM module, allowing comparing at defined point in PWM cycle

• 3 x 5-bit DAC - 32 taps internal voltage reference

• Software Programmable Internal Clock Source

• Power Management Controller (PMC)

• 13 channel ADC, 12-bit, 3.5 us conversion time @ 8MHz

HW trigger from PWM module, allowing conversion at ANY point in PWM cycle

• 8bit KBI module

• Cyclic Redundancy Check Generator (CRC)

• Two Programmable Delay block (PDB)

• Integrated Power On Reset, and low voltage reset

• Interrupt controller supports 4 interrupt priority levels

• Watchdog Timer

• Current Output per pin 20mA

• Background Debug Mode Interface/ICE

Note: With max Core clock 40MHz, max derived ADC clock is 5 MHz (40MHz/8) - ADC conversion time takes 4.725 us (10-bit or 12-bit)

Internal

Clock

Source

12 Channel 12-bit ADC

GPIO/KBI

Watchdog Timer

PMC

► 48-pin LQFP

► 32-pin LQFP

► 28-pin PDIP

► 28-pin SOIC

40 MHz

S08

Core

BDM / ICE Flash

16KB

RAM

1KB

3 AnalogComparators

SCI /W LIN

6 Ch MC FlexTimer

One RTC

I2C/SMbus

Programm-able

Voltage Ref

One PGA

Interrupt Controller

Crystal OSC

SPI

CRC Gen2 Ch MC

FLexTimer8bit MTIM

PDB0

PDB1





47TM

Power Architecture® Core

• Up to 60 MHz e200 zen0h core

Memory

•512 KB Program Flash with ECC

•4 x 16 KB DataFlash® with ECC

•40 KB SRAM with ECC

I/O

•1 x FlexCAN with 32MB

•1 x Safety port (can be used as additional FlexCAN – 32 MB)

•1 x FlexRay Dual Channel with 32 MB

•2 x LinFlex

•4 x DSPI (4 independent chip selects each)

•1 x FlexPWM (4 channels with 4 fault inputs)

•1 x eTimer (6 channels incl. quad decode)

•1 x eTimer (6 channels for general purpose)

•2 x ADC

•2 x 12 ch.(4 shared channels), 10-bit, conversion time

760 nsec ( 2x 6 ch., 4shared on 100-pin package)

•1 x ADC triggering unit: 8 events

System

•2 x PLL (one FM-PLL, one for FlexRay™)

•16-ch. eDMA

•Fault collection unit

•16 MHz internal RC OSC

•Junction temperature sensor

•JTAG (2 pin or 5 pin) / Nexus Class 2+

•3.3V single supply (5V mask option) with external ballast

transistor

•100- and 144-pin thin quad flat pack (TQFP)

I/O

BridgeSRAM

e200

CoreVReg

Co

mm

un

icati

on

s

I/O

Syste

m

Crossbar Slaves

Crossbar Masters

2A

TD

Nexus

JTAG

Debug

PROGRAM

Flash

1

eF

lexC

AN

eDMA VLE

Boot Assist

Module (BAM)

Osc/PLL

CROSSBAR SWITCH

System

Integration

FlexRay™

Controller

Fle

xP

WM

DATA

Flash

2

LIN

Fle

x

2

eT

imer

4 x

DS

PI

Safe

ty

CT

U

Interrupt

Controller





48TM

48Power Architecture® Core• up to 120MHz PowerPC ISA Dual e200 zen4 core, 240DMIPS• 4K 2-way / 4-way I-cache• FPU• Safety enhanced Cores + FPU + VLE + MMU• Dual Parallel or Lock Step configuration + HW/SW monitoring

Memory• Up to 1MByte RWW Flash with ECC• Up to 128 KByte SRAM with ECC• EE emulation• Dual crossbar with MPUs

I/O• 2 x FlexCAN (32 message buffers each)• 1 x FlexRay (64 msg. buffers)• 2 x LINFlex• 3 x DSPI• 1 x External clock output • 2 x FlexPWM (2 x 12 channels)• 3 x eTimer modules (3 x 6 channels)• Dual ADC (16 channels each, 12bit, 650ns), 1 S/H per ADC• 1 x Cross-triggering unit for motor control

System• 16 Channels eDMA• Autonomous Fault Collection and Control Unit• CRC computing unit• Software watchdog timer (inc. window mode, flow monitoring)• 2 x Junction temperature sensor • Nexus debug interface (up to N3)• FM-PLL + FlexRay PLL• 3.3 V Single supply with external and internal ballast transistor• 3.3 V I/Os (ADC 5 V capable)• 144 LQFP / 257 MAPBGA• Tj = 150°C

Cross Bar Switch

I/O

Bridge

Memory Protection Unit

Cross Bar Switch

Memory Protection Unit

FlexRay

RC

RC RC

1M

FLASH

(ECC)

128K

SRAM

(ECC)

RC

I/O

Bridge

PMU

SWT

MCM

STM

INTC

eDMACACHE

PowerPC™

e200

MMU

VLE

CACHE

FPUNexus

JTAG

Debug PMU

SWT

MCM

STM

INTC

eDMACACHE

PowerPC™

e200

MMU

VLE

CACHE

FPU

Co

mm

un

icati

on

s

I/O

Syste

m2 x

LIN

Fle

x

3 x

DS

PI

2 x

AD

C

2

Fle

xC

AN

3 x

eT

imer

FC

CU

2 x

Fle

xP

WM

CT

U

TS

EN

S

2x

TM





49

Intelligent

Distributed Control eXtreme SwitchesApplication Specific

Standard Products

• Mixed signal SmartMOS™

• 0.25 um technology

• IP modules

Seatbelt Pretensioner

Small Motor Control

LIN Distributed Systems

Space Constraints PCBs

Battery Monitoring

ABS/ESP Hydraulic Pump

Lighting Applications

Motor Control

Power Steering

Relay Replacement

System Basis Chip (SBC)

CAN Physical Layer

Airbag PSI5 & DSI ASSP

Electronic Stability Control

Power Steering

Power

Mode

Control

WA

KE

VP

WR

Boost

Converter

BS

TS

W

BS

TG

ND

BS

TC

OM

P1

BS

TC

OM

P2

VB

ST

Energy

Reserve

Control

ER

SW

VE

R

VE

RD

IAG

Buck

Converter

VB

UC

K

VB

UC

K_

R

BU

CK

SW

BU

CK

GN

D

BU

CK

CO

MP

1

BU

CK

CO

MP

2

CP

C1

CP

C2

VS

YN

C

CP

GN

D

Sync

Supply

VC

CD

RI

VC

C

Linear

Regulator &

Watchdog

VD

D

RE

SE

T

PP

TA

nalo

g M

ult

iple

xer

Dri

ver

Ou

tpu

t

OU

Tx M

on

ito

r

Po

wer

Su

pp

ly

I/O

Mo

nit

or

An

alo

g M

ult

iple

xer

Analog

Mux.

Quad

Bias

Voltage

Regulator

GNDA

AO

UT

IN1

IN2

IN3

IN4

IN5

IN6

IN7

IN8

IN9

PSI5

Satellite

Sensor

Interfaces

CL

K

SA

TS

YN

C

PS

I5_

1

PS

I5_

2

PS

I5_

3

PS

I5_

4

GN

D_

PS

I

Co

nfi

gu

rab

le

Dri

ve

rsO

UT

1_

D

OU

T1

_S

OU

T2

_D

OU

T2

_S

VSS

VREF

Safing

LogicSP

I

Mo

nit

or

SafingSPI

Interface

SC

RA

P

AS

ST

FD

IS

FE

N

A_

SE

NS

OR

CS

_C

CS

_B

CS

_A

CS

SC

K

SOSI

LIN /

K-

LineGND_LIN

TX

D

LIN

_IS

O

RX

D

VREF

• Dual die construction

• Control die & high power FET

• High current capability

• Single package for small remote

modules

• Embedded popular S12 16-bit core

• Reprogrammable with Flash memory

• Motor control libraries

• Embedded analog peripherals





50TM

TM





51

TM





52

TM





53

Session materials will be posted @

www.freescale.com.cn/FTFLook for announcements in the FTF Group

on LinkedIn or follow Freescale on Sina

• Electric Motors go high-RPM (=> high W/kg; W/dm3)

• Power Electronics go high kHz (=> high W/kg; W/dm3)

• All is shrinking

− space and material savings (environmentally friendly)

− challenges for cooling

• Moore‟s law works for MCU‟s => capable to provide calculation power:

− to run complex nonlinear algorithms

− support functional safety needs

• Functional Safety on-chip starts possible

• Global emission regulations demand energy saving everywhere

• Low noise is a key feature inside the cabin

• Progressive move from DC to BLDC Pro: Better energy efficiency, increased reliability, lower noise Contra: Cost adder – declining

• Progressive move from sensored to sensorless drives Pro: sensor cost reduction Contra: complex algorithm/powerful MCU needed – declining $/MIPS

• Freescale offers from 8-bit to 32-bit solution to

provide cost optimized performance for specific application.

http://www.freescale.com.cn/FTF

http://www.freescale.com.cn/FTF

TM

Documents

Freescale PowerPoint Template - 恩智浦半导体 ... · PDF fileDual-Clutch Trans. Seatbelt pre-tens. EV –Water Pump EV - Propulsion Window Lift Wipers Seat Control Sliding Door